EP2304721B1 - Raumsynthese mehrkanaliger tonsignale - Google Patents

Raumsynthese mehrkanaliger tonsignale Download PDF

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EP2304721B1
EP2304721B1 EP09794018A EP09794018A EP2304721B1 EP 2304721 B1 EP2304721 B1 EP 2304721B1 EP 09794018 A EP09794018 A EP 09794018A EP 09794018 A EP09794018 A EP 09794018A EP 2304721 B1 EP2304721 B1 EP 2304721B1
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signal
synthesis
coefficients
decorrelated
spatialization
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EP2304721A1 (de
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Florent Jaillet
David Virette
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Orange SA
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France Telecom SA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/008—Multichannel audio signal coding or decoding using interchannel correlation to reduce redundancy, e.g. joint-stereo, intensity-coding or matrixing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
    • H04S3/008—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic in which the audio signals are in digital form, i.e. employing more than two discrete digital channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
    • H04S3/02—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic of the matrix type, i.e. in which input signals are combined algebraically, e.g. after having been phase shifted with respect to each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2420/00—Techniques used stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2420/03—Application of parametric coding in stereophonic audio systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of coding / decoding multichannel digital audio signals.
  • the present invention relates to the parametric encoding / decoding of multichannel audio signals.
  • This type of coding / decoding is based on the extraction of spatialization parameters so that at decoding, the spatial perception of the listener can be reconstituted.
  • Such a coding technique is known under the name of "Binaural Cue Coding" in English (BCC) which aims on the one hand to extract and then code the indices of auditory spatialization and on the other hand to code a monophonic or stereophonic signal from a mastering of the original multi-channel signal.
  • This parametric approach is a low rate coding.
  • the main advantage of this coding approach is to allow a better compression rate than conventional multi-channel digital audio compression methods while ensuring the backward compatibility of the compressed format obtained with the existing coding formats and broadcasting systems.
  • the invention relates more particularly to the spatial decoding of a sound scene 3 D from a reduced number of transmitted channels.
  • the figure 1 describes such an encoding / decoding system in which the encoder 100 constructs a sum signal ("downmix") S s by matrixing at 110 the channels of the original multichannel signal S and delivers via an extraction module parameters 120, a reduced set of parameters P which characterize the spatial content of the original multi-channel signal.
  • a sum signal (“downmix") S s by matrixing at 110 the channels of the original multichannel signal S and delivers via an extraction module parameters 120, a reduced set of parameters P which characterize the spatial content of the original multi-channel signal.
  • the multichannel signal is reconstructed (S ') by a synthesis module 160 which takes into account both the sum signal and the transmitted parameters P.
  • the sum signal has a reduced number of channels. These channels can be encoded by a conventional audio encoder before transmission or storage. Typically, the sum signal has two channels and is compatible with conventional stereo broadcasting. Before transmission or storage, this sum signal can thus be encoded by any conventional stereo encoder. The signal thus coded is then compatible with the devices comprising the corresponding decoder which reconstruct the sum signal while ignoring the spatial data.
  • the figure 2 illustrates a first example of a coding structure or code tree using TTO blocks (TTO 0 , TTO 1 , TTO 2 , TTO 3 and TTO 4 ) to obtain a monophonic signal S from a multi-channel signal 5.1 with 6 channels (L, R, C, LFE, Ls and Rs).
  • the figure 3 illustrates a second example of an encoding structure using both TTO blocks and TTT blocks to obtain a stereo signal Sl and Sr from the 5.1 signal.
  • the decoding of the monophonic or stereophonic signals thus received is effected by using a decoding tree symmetrical to those represented in FIGS. Figures 2 and 3 .
  • the decoding can be seen as a succession of reconstruction step.
  • the first decoding step consists in reconstructing the signals corresponding to the input signals of the block TTO 0 from the sum signal S and the spatial parameters extracted by the block TTO 0
  • the next step consists in reconstructing the signals corresponding to the input signals of the block TTO 1 from the signal reconstructed in the previous step and the spatial parameters extracted by the block TTO 1
  • the decoding then proceeds in a similar manner until the reconstruction of all the channels encoded multi-channel signal.
  • the decoder constructs a matrix making it possible to go directly from the monophonic sum signal to the 6 reconstructed channels by combining the smaller size matrices of the different blocks TTO and TTT.
  • This technique consists, as shown with reference to the figure 4 , to perform a decorrelation step at 410 by filtering the sum signal to obtain a decorrelated signal d.
  • the sum signal and the decorrelated signal thus obtained are then processed by a synthesis module 420 via a synthesis matrix M, as a function of the spatial parameters R and I to create the two signals I and R respecting the specified spatial parameters.
  • the parameters R and I are respectively the energy ratio between the channels of the multi-channel signal and an inter-channel correlation index of the multi-channel signal channels.
  • the waveform of the reconstructed signal is not controlled since it totally depends on the decorrelation experienced by the signal s.
  • the signals of these different channels which have similar waveforms will interact in the rendering zone by creating constructive and destructive interferences which will make it possible to reconstruct the desired sound field.
  • each TTO block decoder involved in the decoding tree uses a different decorrelation filter, the deformation of the waveform will not be the same for the different channels.
  • the reconstructed channels then no longer have, as in the original signal, near waveforms and the interferences that allowed the reconstruction of the sound field during the restitution, are then no longer as in the original signal. This leads, on the one hand, to a bad spatial reconstruction of the sound stage, and on the other hand to the creation of audible artifacts, the differences in waveforms leading to the creation of perceptible noisy components.
  • the present invention improves the situation.
  • the method according to the invention thus makes it possible to handle the cases where a spatialization parameter situated in a predetermined value range causes such a situation.
  • such a quantitative function may be a decorrelated signal energy function.
  • the spatialization parameters are a parameter (R) of energy ratio between the channels of the multi-channel signal and a interchannel correlation parameter (I) of the multi-channel signal, a range of values being the range in which the intcrcanal correlation parameter is negative.
  • the invention applies more particularly to multi-channel signals having negative interchannel correlations.
  • a different quantitative function is chosen by value range of the spatialization parameters.
  • It relates to a decoder comprising a synthesis device as described above.
  • the invention also relates to multimedia equipment comprising a decoder as described above.
  • such equipment may be for example a mobile phone, an electronic organizer or digital content player, a computer, a set-top box ("set-top box").
  • the invention is directed to a computer program comprising code instructions for implementing the steps of the method as described above, when these instructions are executed by a processor.
  • the figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of the invention. It illustrates a synthesis device for the decoding of a TTO block (TTO -1 ).
  • This device comprises a decorrelation module 510, able to carry out a step of decorrelation of the received signal s which is a sum signal obtained by coding by a matrix of multichannel signals.
  • This decorrelation step is for example that described in the MPEG Surround standard mentioned above.
  • This decorrelated signal d and the sum signal s are taken into account in a synthesis module 520 using a matrix M Minq whose coefficients depend on spatialization parameters R and I received and producing output signals I and r.
  • ⁇ is a function of R and I and is chosen according to one embodiment of the invention so as to limit the quantity of the decorrelated signal d introduced into the reconstructed signals regardless of the correlation values I, including for values negative.
  • the choice of the value ⁇ can be formalized by introducing a quantitative function q relating to the quantity of decorrelated signal taken into account in the matrixing for the reconstruction of the signals.
  • the quantitative function q is such that the increase in absolute value of the coefficients of the synthesis matrix applied to the decorrelated signal increases the value of the function q applied to these same coefficients.
  • the quantitative function q is a function of energy of the decorrelated signal.
  • the values of ⁇ guaranteeing a satisfactory reconstruction according to the embodiment of the invention described here are chosen so as to minimize the total energy of the decorrelated signal d in the reconstructed signals.
  • the figure 5 represents a synthesis device for decoding a TTO block, here called TTO -1 comprising a decorrelation module 510 of the sum signal, a synthesis module 520 able to apply a synthesis matrix to the decorrelated signal and to the sum signal.
  • the coefficients of this synthesis matrix are determined according to a criterion of minimization of a quantitative function q relative to the amount of decorrelated signal as described above.
  • the figure 5 also illustrates the steps of the spatial synthesis method according to the invention in which from a sum signal, at least two output signals 1 and r are obtained.
  • the sum signal comes from a parametric encoding by mastering a multi-channel signal also providing spatialization parameters.
  • This method is such that for at least one value range of at least one spatialization parameter, the coefficients of the synthesis matrix are determined according to a criterion for minimizing a quantitative function, relating to the quantity of decorrelated signal taken into account in the step of applying the synthesis matrix.
  • the spatialization parameters are parameters designating the energy ratio R between the channels of the original multi-channel signal and an inter-channel correlation measurement of this same signal.
  • parameters derived from parametric coding can also be chosen. These parameters may for example be parameters designating the phase shift between the channels of the multi-channel signal, or time envelope parameters of the audio channels.
  • the figure 6 illustrates another embodiment of the invention in which, according to a value range of at least one of the spatialization parameters received, here the interchannel correlation parameter I, a different synthesis matrix is chosen.
  • the example shown in figure 6 shows two types of synthesis matrix.
  • the first synthesis matrix M is for example that described in the state of the art in the MPEG Surround standard.
  • the corresponding synthesis module is illustrated in 630. This synthesis matrix is applied here to the sum signal and the decorrelated signal d when the parameter I is positive.
  • the synthesis matrix M Minq is that described with reference to the figure 5 .
  • the corresponding synthesis module is represented in 620.
  • the method implemented by this embodiment makes it possible to efficiently process multi-channel signals that exhibit negative interchannel correlations.
  • This type of multi-channel signal is for example a surround-type signal. Indeed, this type of signal has channels in phase opposition.
  • This characteristic element of the signals from surround sound is illustrated in the articles by M. Gerzon entitled “Hierarchical System of Surround Sound Transmission for HDTV “or” Ambisonic Decoders for HDTV ".
  • synthesis matrices can be provided for ranges of different values of the spatialization parameters.
  • Compatibility with existing systems within a certain operating range is then maintained.
  • An improvement in the quality of the synthesis in a particular range of spatialization parameter value is then provided in this embodiment.
  • This type of device TTO -1 as represented in figure 5 or in figure 6 is for example integrated in a digital signal decoder. Such a type of decoder is for example illustrated with reference to the figure 7 .
  • the decoder shown in this figure is typically provided for decoding 5.1 type multi-channel signals.
  • this decoder comprises a plurality of devices TTO -1 (TTO 0 -1 , TTO 1 -1 , TTO 2 -1 , TTO 3 -1 , TTO 4 -1 ) according to the invention for, from a signal S received, obtain a multi-channel signal with 6 channels (L, R, C, LFE, Ls, Rs).
  • the decoding module 730 comprising this plurality of synthesis devices may, of course, be differently configured depending on the coding tree that has been used for the original multi-channel signal.
  • the decoder as represented in figure 7 comprises a QMF analysis module (for "quadrature Mirror Filter” in English) capable of performing a transformation of the sum (or downmix) signal S from the encoder into a frequency signal per subband.
  • the signal per frequency band is then supplied to the input of the decoding module 730.
  • the processed signals enter the QMF synthesis module 720 able to perform an inverse transformation and to bring back the multi-channel signal obtained. in the time domain.
  • QMF analysis and QMF synthesis modules may for example be those as described in the MPEG Surround standard.
  • the decoder as represented in figure 7 receives from the encoder spatialization parameters P which are derived from the parametric encoding of the original multi-channel signal.
  • these parameters may be energy ratio parameters between the channels, correlation measurement between the channels or else phase shift between the channels or finally time envelope.
  • This decoder 700 can be integrated into a multimedia equipment type set-top box or "set-top box", computer or mobile phone, digital content player, personal electronic organizer, etc ...
  • the figure 8 represents an example of such multimedia equipment which comprises in particular an input module E adapted to receive multi-channel audio signals compressed either by a communication network for example or by means of a multi-channel sound recording.
  • These multi-channel signals have been compressed by a parametric coding method which, by mastering the original signal, generates a sum signal S and spatialization parameters P.
  • This coding may in an alternative mode be provided in the multimedia equipment.
  • This equipment comprises one or more synthesis devices according to the invention, represented here physically by a processor PROC cooperating with a memory block BM comprising a memory storage and / or working MEM.
  • the memory block may advantageously comprise a computer program comprising code instructions for implementing the steps of the method in the sense of the invention, when these instructions are executed by the processor PROC, and in particular a decorrelation step of a signal.
  • a computer program comprising code instructions for implementing the steps of the method in the sense of the invention, when these instructions are executed by the processor PROC, and in particular a decorrelation step of a signal.
  • the synthesis matrix is such that, for at least one value range of at least one spatialization parameter, its coefficients are determined according to a criterion of minimization of a quantitative function, relative to the quantity of decorrelated signal taken into account in the step of applying the synthesis matrix.
  • the description of the figure 5 takes the steps of an algorithm of such a computer program.
  • the computer program can also be stored on a memory medium readable by a reader of the device or downloadable in the memory space of the equipment.
  • the memory block thus comprises the coefficients of the synthesis matrix as defined above.
  • This memory block may comprise in another embodiment of the invention as described with reference to FIG. figure 6 , defining coefficients several synthesis matrices which are applied to the sum signal and to the decorrelated signal as a function of the range of values of the spatialization parameters received.
  • the processor of the equipment may also include instructions for implementing the steps of analysis and synthesis of the decoder as described with reference to the figure 7 .
  • the multimedia equipment as illustrated also comprises an output S for delivering the reconstructed multi-channel signal S 'either by speaker-type reproduction means or by communication means capable of transmitting this multi-channel signal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Computational Linguistics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
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  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Verfahren zur räumlichen Synthese eines Summensignals, um mindestens zwei digitale Ausgangs-Audiosignale zu erhalten, wobei das Summensignal sowie Verräumlichungsparameter aus einer parametrischen Codierung durch Matrizierung eines ursprünglichen digitalen Mehrkanal-Audiosignals stammen, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    - Dekorrelierung (Decorr.) des Summensignals (s), um ein dekorreliertes Signal (d) zu erhalten;
    - Anwendung (Synth.) einer Synthesematrix (M Minq), deren Koeffizienten von den Verräumlichungsparametern (R, I) abhängen, an das dekorrelierte Signal und an das Summensignal, um die Ausgangssignale zu erhalten,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für mindestens einen Wertebereich mindestens eines Verräumlichungsparameters die Koeffizienten der Synthesematrix gemäß einem Minimierungskriterium einer quantitativen Funktion (q) bestimmt werden, die sich auf die dekorrelierte Signalmenge in jedem der durch den Anwendungsschritt der Synthesematrix erhaltenen Ausgangssignale bezieht, wobei die quantitative Funktion so ist, dass die Erhöhung des Absolutwerts der an das dekorrelierte Signal angewendeten Koeffizienten der Synthesematrix den Wert der an diese gleichen Koeffizienten angewendeten Funktion erhöht.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die quantitative Funktion eine Energiefunktion des dekorrelierten Signals ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die quantitative Funktion von der Art ist:
    q x y = x p + y p 1 p
    Figure imgb0031
     mit p einer ganzen Zahl größer als oder gleich 1.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verräumlichungsparameter ein Parameter (R) des Energieverhältnisses zwischen den Kanälen des Mehrkanalsignals und ein Parameter (I) der Interkanal-Korrelation des Mehrkanalsignals sind, wobei ein Werterbereich der Bereich ist, in dem der Interkanal-Korrelationsparameter negativ ist.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine andere quantitative Funktion pro Wertebereich der Verräumlichungsparameter gewählt wird.
  6. Vorrichtung zum räumlichen Synthese eines Summensignals, die mindestens zwei digitale Ausgangs-Audiosignale erzeugt, wobei das Summensignal sowie Verräumlichungsparameter von einer parametrischen Codiervorrichtung stammen, die eine Matrizierung eines ursprünglichen digitalen Mehrkanal-Audiosignals durchführt, wobei die Vorrichtung aufweist:
    - Dekorreliereinrichtungen (510) des Summensignals, um ein dekorreliertes Signal zu erhalten;
    - Einrichtungen (520) zur Anwendung einer Synthesematrix (M Minq), deren Koeffizienten von den Verräumlichungsparametern abhängen, an das dekorrelierte Signal und an das Summensignal, um die Ausgangssignale zu erhalten,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für mindestens einen Wertebereich mindestens eines Verräumlichungsparameters die Koeffizienten der Synthesematrix gemäß einem Minimierungskriterium einer quantitativen Funktion bestimmt werden, die sich auf die dekorrelierte Signalmenge in jedem der Ausgangssignale bezieht, die durch die Anwendungseinrichtungen der Synthesematrix erhalten werden, wobei die quantitative Funktion so ist, dass die Erhöhung des Absolutwerts der an das dekorrelierte Signal angewendeten Koeffizienten der Synthesematrix den Wert der an diese gleichen Koeffizienten angewendeten Funktion erhöht.
  7. Decodierer eines digitalen Audiosignals, der mindestens eine Synthesevorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 aufweist.
  8. Multimediaausrüstung, die einen Decodierer nach Anspruch 7 aufweist.
  9. EDV-Programm, das Codeanweisungen für die Durchführung der Schritte des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 aufweist, wenn diese Anweisungen von einem Prozessor ausgeführt werden.
EP09794018A 2008-06-26 2009-06-16 Raumsynthese mehrkanaliger tonsignale Active EP2304721B1 (de)

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PCT/FR2009/051146 WO2010004155A1 (fr) 2008-06-26 2009-06-16 Synthese spatiale de signaux audio multicanaux

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WO2016108655A1 (ko) 2014-12-31 2016-07-07 한국전자통신연구원 다채널 오디오 신호의 인코딩 방법 및 상기 인코딩 방법을 수행하는 인코딩 장치, 그리고, 다채널 오디오 신호의 디코딩 방법 및 상기 디코딩 방법을 수행하는 디코딩 장치
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FR3048808A1 (fr) * 2016-03-10 2017-09-15 Orange Codage et decodage optimise d'informations de spatialisation pour le codage et le decodage parametrique d'un signal audio multicanal
CN111407268B (zh) * 2020-03-27 2021-05-14 华南理工大学 一种基于相关函数的多通道脑电信号压缩方法

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WO2010004155A1 (fr) 2010-01-14
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US20110106543A1 (en) 2011-05-05
JP5366104B2 (ja) 2013-12-11
CN102077276B (zh) 2014-04-09

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