EP2289289B1 - Circuit arrangement and method for operating a light source - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement and method for operating a light source Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2289289B1
EP2289289B1 EP08760995.4A EP08760995A EP2289289B1 EP 2289289 B1 EP2289289 B1 EP 2289289B1 EP 08760995 A EP08760995 A EP 08760995A EP 2289289 B1 EP2289289 B1 EP 2289289B1
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Prior art keywords
frequency
voltage
circuit
input voltage
circuit arrangement
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2289289A1 (en
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Harald Schmitt
Arwed Storm
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Osram GmbH
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Osram GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • H05B41/298—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2988—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the lamp against abnormal operating conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2928—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the lamp against abnormal operating conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement and a method for operating at least one light source, in which an input voltage (U in ) is converted into an alternating output voltage, wherein the alternating output voltage provides a power for operating at least one light source (5).
  • the invention is based on a method for operating a light source according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a control device for a discharge lamp which modulates the frequency of the output current with a sawtooth-shaped signal.
  • the switching frequency of the inverter is modulated with an approximately sinusoidal signal derived from the modulation of the input AC voltage. This results in an improved electromagnetic compatibility behavior, but the method fails in one DC input voltage, which in turn results in a fixed-frequency operation.
  • This object is achieved with respect to the method by a method for operating at least one gas discharge lamp, in which an input voltage is converted into an alternating output voltage, wherein the alternating output voltage provides a power for operating at least one light source (5), and the frequency of the output voltage with a triangular modulation signal is modulated when the input voltage is a DC voltage.
  • the frequency of the output voltage is modulated with a sinusoidal modulation signal when the input voltage is a sinusoidal AC voltage and the frequency of the modulation signal at an input DC voltage between 100Hz and 3kHz, and at an input AC voltage is twice the frequency of the input AC voltage.
  • the phase position of the modulation signal with respect to the input AC voltage is preferably selected so that the crest factor of the output voltage is substantially equal to the value 2 equivalent. This results in a maximum amplitude of the input alternating voltage at a maximum frequency of the alternating output voltage.
  • the output voltage is subject to amplitude modulation resulting from insufficient smoothing of the rectified alternating input voltage.
  • the frequency deviation of the frequency modulation is adjusted so that this amplitude modulation of the output voltage is minimized.
  • the frequency sweep of the frequency modulation is adjusted to achieve improved electromagnetic compatibility. This allows compliance with the applicable electromagnetic compatibility limits.
  • the object is achieved with respect to the circuit arrangement by a circuit arrangement for operating at least one light source, having an input for inputting a direct or alternating voltage, and an output, which is connected to the light source, wherein the circuit arrangement a method according to one or more of the above carries out mentioned features.
  • the circuit arrangement includes a power factor correction circuit, which preferably has a detection circuit (12) which detects whether the input voltage is the same or alternating.
  • the detection circuit (12) preferably includes a bandpass filter, a high-pass filter or a low-pass filter. However, it may instead also have an edge detection device.
  • the circuit arrangement includes a control circuit which preferably has an integrated component such as an ASIC.
  • the control circuit may also have a microcontroller.
  • the circuit arrangement preferably has a resonant circuit.
  • Fig. 1 A flow chart of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 The block diagram of a circuit arrangement according to the invention with a control circuit having a microcontroller.
  • FIG. 3 The block diagram of a circuit arrangement according to the invention with a control circuit having an ASIC.
  • Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of the method according to the invention. After starting, it is detected whether a DC or an AC voltage is present at the input of a circuit arrangement implementing the method according to the invention.
  • the circuit arrangement has an output which operates at least one gas discharge lamp with an alternating output voltage. If a DC voltage is present at the input, the alternating output voltage is frequency-modulated with a triangular voltage. However, the alternating output voltage can also be frequency modulated with a sawtooth-shaped voltage. In the following, however, there is always talk of a triangular voltage, which explicitly means a triangular and a sawtooth-shaped voltage.
  • the frequency of the triangular modulation voltage is between 100 Hz and 3 kHz.
  • a modulation voltage can be generated from this alternating voltage, by means of which the frequency modulation of the alternating output voltage takes place.
  • the frequency of the modulation voltage is twice the frequency of the input AC voltage.
  • the phase position of the modulation voltage with respect to the input AC voltage is adjusted so that the frequency of the Wechsparörmige Output voltage is highest when the instantaneous value of the input AC voltage reaches a maximum.
  • the frequency deviation of the alternating output voltage can be varied in various ways.
  • One possibility is to compensate as much as possible the amplitude modulation of the alternating output voltage resulting from the insufficient rectification of the input AC voltage by means of a suitable frequency deviation of the superimposed frequency modulation. In principle, this is best achieved if the frequency of the alternating output voltage becomes maximum at a maximum of the instantaneous value of the input AC voltage, from which a maximum of the instantaneous value of the alternating output voltage emerges.
  • the frequency of the amplitude modulation of the alternating output voltage is in principle twice as high as the frequency of the input AC voltage.
  • the frequency of the modulation signal is synchronous with the frequency of the amplitude modulation of the alternating output voltage, it follows that with a minimum of the amplitude of the alternating output voltage also a minimum of the frequency of the alternating output voltage occurs.
  • the stroke of the frequency modulation can now be adjusted so that cancel the two effects of the amplitude and the frequency modulation on the output, so that a very uniform output to the gas discharge lamp is generated which has a good quality of light result.
  • the synchronized frequency modulation two things are achieved simultaneously: on the one hand a uniform light output and thus an improvement of the quality of light, on the other hand a distribution of the interference frequencies on a wide frequency band to improve the electromagnetic compatibility of the circuit.
  • Another possibility of varying the frequency deviation is the optimization of the electromagnetic compatibility of the circuit arrangement.
  • the larger the frequency sweep the wider the frequency band on which interference occurs.
  • the interferences per frequency are lower since the frequencies per unit time are less frequent. This allows the frequency deviation to be set so that the applicable limits for electromagnetic compatibility are safely complied with.
  • a DC voltage is input into the circuit arrangement implementing the method according to the invention, then no alternating modulation signal can be derived therefrom.
  • a triangular modulation signal is generated by means of which the alternating output voltage is frequency-modulated.
  • a triangular signal offers the advantage of an equal distribution of the frequencies of the alternating output voltage, so that an optimal dispersion of the interference is achieved.
  • a signal form is generated for the modulation signal, by which a qualitatively the corresponding limit value following dispersion of the interference is achieved.
  • the modulation signal is designed so that the frequencies at which the limit is high, are approached in the modulation more often than the frequencies at which the Limit is low. This method achieves optimum 'utilization' of the existing standards with regard to electromagnetic compatibility.
  • Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a circuit arrangement according to the invention, which carries out the inventive method.
  • An input AC voltage U in is input to a power factor correction circuit 10.
  • the power factor correction circuit 10 generates therefrom an amplitude-modulated intermediate circuit voltage which is output to a DC voltage intermediate circuit 30. This smoothes the modulated DC voltage and enters it in an inverter 20, which generates an amplitude and frequency modulated output voltage U out .
  • This is passed through a resonant circuit 40 and operates a gas discharge lamp 5.
  • the entire circuit arrangement is controlled by a control circuit 50.
  • the control circuit 50 controls and regulates in particular the power factor correction circuit 10 and the inverter 20.
  • the control circuit 50 includes an ASIC 54 which performs the control and regulation tasks. Detecting whether a uniform or alternately shaped input voltage U in of the circuit arrangement 1 is in this case accomplished by a detection circuit 12 which is part of the power factor correction circuit and in the input AC voltage U is input to or the rectified amplitutenmodulator AC input voltage U in.
  • the detection circuit includes a bandpass filter, a high or low pass filter in the first embodiment. This is the input voltage Uin supplied, and then supplies the detection circuit 12th a detection signal to the control circuit 50, which then converts either the detection signal into a sinusoidal modulation signal when U is in an AC voltage or generates a triangular modulation signal when U is in a DC voltage. With this modulation signal, a fixed-frequency oscillator 55 is modulated, and the resulting frequency-modulated signal is input as a drive signal in the inverter 20, which drives bridge signal with this signal present in the inverter.
  • the detection circuit includes, instead of the band filter, an edge detection means which detects whether U is in a same or an alternating voltage. The rest of the procedure corresponds to the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of the circuit arrangement according to the invention 1.
  • the control circuit 50 includes a microcontroller 52 instead of an ASIC 54.
  • the microcontroller like the ASIC, performs the essential control and regulation tasks of the circuit arrangement.
  • the detection circuit 12 has a band filter, and generates a detection signal which is input to the control circuit 50.
  • the input signals are digitized via A / D converter, processed in the microcontroller 52 and via D / A converter the power factor correction circuit 10 and the inverter 20 are output.
  • the frequency modulation is done with a digital algorithm.
  • the triangular modulation voltage is also digitally generated, for example, by means of a table and then further processed.
  • the detection circuit includes, instead of the band filter, an edge detection means which detects whether U is in a same or an alternating voltage.
  • the detection circuit generates the detection signal, which is A / D converted and then further processed in the microcontroller. The remainder of the procedure corresponds to the third embodiment.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltungsanordnung und ein Verfahren zum Betreiben mindestens einer Lichtquelle, bei dem eine Eingangsspannung (Uin) in eine wechselförmige Ausgangsspannung umgewandelt wird, wobei die wechselförmige Ausgangsspannung eine Leistung zum Betreiben mindestens eine Lichtquelle (5) bereitstellt.The invention relates to a circuit arrangement and a method for operating at least one light source, in which an input voltage (U in ) is converted into an alternating output voltage, wherein the alternating output voltage provides a power for operating at least one light source (5).

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Lichtquelle nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.The invention is based on a method for operating a light source according to the preamble of the main claim.

Aus der DE 43 01 184 Al ist ein Steuergerät für eine Entladungslampe bekannt, welches die Frequenz des Ausgangsstroms mit einem Sägezahnförmigen Signal moduliert.From the DE 43 01 184 A1 For example, a control device for a discharge lamp is known, which modulates the frequency of the output current with a sawtooth-shaped signal.

Aus der EP 1 355 517 A1 ist ein Taktkonverter mit akustischer Taktfrequenz Bekannt, deren Ausgangsspannung mittels einer Amplitudenmodulierten getakteten Gleichspannung Frequenzmoduliert wird.From the EP 1 355 517 A1 is a clock converter with acoustic clock frequency known whose output voltage is frequency modulated by means of an amplitude modulated clocked DC voltage.

Bei kostenoptimierten Betriebsgeräten für Gasentladungslampen ist es üblich, auf eine Regelung der Schaltfrequenz des Inverters zu Verzichten und diesen stattdessen festfrequent zu betreiben. Dies führt zu Problemen bei der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit, da die Schaltfrequenz als Störspektrum über die Lampenleitungen emittiert wird das sich aufgrund der festen Schaltfrequenz auf sehr enge Störbänder bei der Grundfrequenz und deren ungeraden Harmonischen konzentriert.In cost-optimized operating devices for gas discharge lamps, it is customary to dispense with a regulation of the switching frequency of the inverter and to operate instead fixed frequency. This leads to problems in the electromagnetic compatibility, since the switching frequency is emitted as a noise spectrum on the lamp lines that focuses due to the fixed switching frequency to very narrow noise bands at the fundamental frequency and their odd harmonics.

Bei einem verbesserten Design wird die Schaltfrequenz des Inverters mit einem näherungsweise sinusförmigen Signal moduliert, das aus der Modulation der Eingangswechselspannung abgeleitet wird. Dies ergibt ein verbessertes Verhalten bezüglich der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit, jedoch versagt das Verfahren bei einer Eingangsgleichspannung, aus der wiederum ein festfrequenter Betrieb resultiert.In an improved design, the switching frequency of the inverter is modulated with an approximately sinusoidal signal derived from the modulation of the input AC voltage. This results in an improved electromagnetic compatibility behavior, but the method fails in one DC input voltage, which in turn results in a fixed-frequency operation.

Aufgabetask

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Betreiben mindestens einer Gasentladungslampe, bei dem eine Eingangsspannung in eine wechselförmige Ausgangsspannung umgewandelt wird, anzugeben, wobei die wechselförmige Ausgangsspannung eine Leistung zum Betreiben mindestens eine Lichtquelle (5) bereitstellt, und bei dem das Verhalten der das Verfahren ausführenden Schaltungsanordnung bezüglich der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit bei einer Eingangswechselspannung und bei einer Eingangsgleichspannung verbessert ist.It is an object of the invention to provide a method for operating at least one gas discharge lamp, in which an input voltage is converted into an alternating output voltage, wherein the alternating output voltage provides a power for operating at least one light source (5), and wherein the behavior of the Process implementing circuitry with respect to the electromagnetic compatibility at an input AC voltage and at a DC input voltage is improved.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Diese Aufgabe wird bezüglich des Verfahrens gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Betreiben mindestens einer Gasentladungslampe, bei dem eine Eingangsspannung in eine wechselförmige Ausgangsspannung umgewandelt wird, wobei die wechselförmige Ausgangsspannung eine Leistung zum Betreiben mindestens eine Lichtquelle (5) bereitstellt, und die Frequenz der Ausgangsspannung mit einem dreiecksförmigen Modulationssignal moduliert wird, wenn die Eingangsspannung eine Gleichspannung ist.This object is achieved with respect to the method by a method for operating at least one gas discharge lamp, in which an input voltage is converted into an alternating output voltage, wherein the alternating output voltage provides a power for operating at least one light source (5), and the frequency of the output voltage with a triangular modulation signal is modulated when the input voltage is a DC voltage.

Es ist dabei von Vorteil, wenn die Frequenz der Ausgangsspannung mit einem sinusförmigen Modulationssignal moduliert wird, wenn die Eingangsspannung eine sinusförmige Wechselspannung ist, und die Frequenz des Modulationssignals bei einer Eingangsgleichspannung zwischen 100Hz und 3kHz, und bei einer Eingangswechselspannung bei dem Doppelten der Frequenz der Eingangswechselspannung liegt. Dabei wird die Phasenlage des Modulationssignals gegenüber der Eingangswechselspannung vorzugsweise so gewählt, dass der Crestfaktor der Ausgangsspannung im wesentlichen dem Wert 2

Figure imgb0001
entspricht. Es ergibt sich damit eine maximale Amplitude der Eingangswechselspannung bei einer maximalen Frequenz der Wechselförmige Ausgangsspannung.It is advantageous if the frequency of the output voltage is modulated with a sinusoidal modulation signal when the input voltage is a sinusoidal AC voltage and the frequency of the modulation signal at an input DC voltage between 100Hz and 3kHz, and at an input AC voltage is twice the frequency of the input AC voltage. In this case, the phase position of the modulation signal with respect to the input AC voltage is preferably selected so that the crest factor of the output voltage is substantially equal to the value 2
Figure imgb0001
 equivalent. This results in a maximum amplitude of the input alternating voltage at a maximum frequency of the alternating output voltage.

In vielen Fällen ist die Ausgangsspannung mit einer Amplitudenmodulation behaftet, die von einer unzureichenden Glättung der gleichgerichteten wechselförmigen Eingangsspannung herrührt. Um eine möglichst gleichmäßige Lichtabgabe zu erreichen, wird der Frequenzhub der Frequenzmodulation so eingestellt, dass diese Amplitudenmodulation der Ausgangsspannung minimiert wird.In many cases, the output voltage is subject to amplitude modulation resulting from insufficient smoothing of the rectified alternating input voltage. In order to achieve a uniform possible light output, the frequency deviation of the frequency modulation is adjusted so that this amplitude modulation of the output voltage is minimized.

In manchen Fällen ist es von Vorteil, wenn der Frequenzhub der Frequenzmodulation so eingestellt wird, dass eine verbesserte elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit erreicht wird. Damit können die gültigen Grenzwerte bezüglich der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit eingehalten werden.In some cases, it is advantageous if the frequency sweep of the frequency modulation is adjusted to achieve improved electromagnetic compatibility. This allows compliance with the applicable electromagnetic compatibility limits.

Die Aufgabe wird bezüglich der Schaltungsanordnung gelöst durch eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben mindestens einer Lichtquelle, mit einem Eingang zum Eingeben einer gleich- oder wechselförmigen Spannung, und einem Ausgang, der mit der Lichtquelle verbunden ist, wobei die Schaltungsanordnung ein Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der oben genannten Merkmale ausführt.The object is achieved with respect to the circuit arrangement by a circuit arrangement for operating at least one light source, having an input for inputting a direct or alternating voltage, and an output, which is connected to the light source, wherein the circuit arrangement a method according to one or more of the above carries out mentioned features.

Die Schaltungsanordnung beinhaltet dabei eine Leistungsfaktorkorrekturschaltung, die vorzugsweise eine Erkennungsschaltung (12) aufweist, die erkennt, ob die Eingangsspannung gleich- oder wechselförmig ist. Um die in den Eingang eingegebene Spannung sicher unterscheiden zu können, beinhaltet die Erkennungsschaltung (12) vorzugsweise einen Bandfilter, einen Hochpassfilter oder einen Tiefpassfilter. Sie kann aber statt dessen auch eine Flankendetektionseinrichtung aufweisen.The circuit arrangement includes a power factor correction circuit, which preferably has a detection circuit (12) which detects whether the input voltage is the same or alternating. In order to be able to reliably distinguish the voltage input into the input, the detection circuit (12) preferably includes a bandpass filter, a high-pass filter or a low-pass filter. However, it may instead also have an edge detection device.

Um die anfallenden Steuerungs- und Regelungsaufgaben bewerkstelligen zu können, beinhaltet die Schaltungsanordnung eine Steuerschaltung, die vorzugsweise einen integrierten Baustein wie einen ASIC aufweist. Alternativ kann die Steuerschaltung auch einen Mikrocontroller aufweisen.In order to be able to accomplish the resulting control tasks, the circuit arrangement includes a control circuit which preferably has an integrated component such as an ASIC. Alternatively, the control circuit may also have a microcontroller.

Zum Starten der Lampe weist die Schaltungsanordnung bevorzugt einen Resonanzkreis auf.For starting the lamp, the circuit arrangement preferably has a resonant circuit.

Weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus weiteren abhängigen Ansprüchen und aus der folgenden Beschreibung.Further advantageous developments and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from further dependent claims and from the following description.

Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnung(en)Short description of the drawing (s)

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1 Ein Ablaufdiagramm des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Fig. 1 A flow chart of the method according to the invention.

Fig. 2 Das Blockschaltbild einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung mit einer Steuerschaltung, die einen Mikrocontroller aufweist. Fig. 2 The block diagram of a circuit arrangement according to the invention with a control circuit having a microcontroller.

Fig. 3 Das Blockschaltbild einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung mit einer Steuerschaltung, die einen ASIC aufweist. Fig. 3 The block diagram of a circuit arrangement according to the invention with a control circuit having an ASIC.

Bevorzugte Ausführung der ErfindungPreferred embodiment of the invention

Fig. 1 zeigt ein Ablaufdiagramm des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Nach dem Starten wird detektiert, ob eine Gleich- oder eine Wechselspannung am Eingang einer das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ausführenden Schaltungsanordnung anliegt. Die Schaltungsanordnung weist einen Ausgang auf, der mindestens eine Gasentladungslampe mit einer Wechselförmige Ausgangsspannung betreibt. Liegt eine Gleichspannung am Eingang an, so wird die wechselförmige Ausgangsspannung mit einer Dreiecksspannung frequenzmoduliert. Die wechselförmige Ausgangsspannung kann aber auch mit einer sägezahnförmigen Spannung frequenzmoduliert werden. Im folgenden wird aber immer von einer Dreieckspannung geredet, wobei hiermit explizit eine dreieckförmige und eine sägezahnförmige Spannung gemeint ist. Die Frequenz der dreieckförmigen Modulationsspannung beträgt dabei zwischen 100Hz und 3kHz. Liegt eine sinusförmige Wechselspannung am Eingang an, so kann aus dieser Wechselspannung eine Modulationsspannung generiert werden, mittels der die Frequenzmodulation der wechselförmigen Ausgangsspannung erfolgt. Die Frequenz der Modulationsspannung beträgt dabei das Doppelte der Frequenz der Eingangswechselspannung. Vorzugsweise wird dabei die Phasenlage der Modulationsspannung gegenüber der Eingangswechselspannung so eingestellt dass die Frequenz der Wechselförmige Ausgangsspannung am höchsten ist, wenn der Momentanwert der Eingangswechselspannung ein Maximum erreicht. Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of the method according to the invention. After starting, it is detected whether a DC or an AC voltage is present at the input of a circuit arrangement implementing the method according to the invention. The circuit arrangement has an output which operates at least one gas discharge lamp with an alternating output voltage. If a DC voltage is present at the input, the alternating output voltage is frequency-modulated with a triangular voltage. However, the alternating output voltage can also be frequency modulated with a sawtooth-shaped voltage. In the following, however, there is always talk of a triangular voltage, which explicitly means a triangular and a sawtooth-shaped voltage. The frequency of the triangular modulation voltage is between 100 Hz and 3 kHz. If a sinusoidal alternating voltage is present at the input, then a modulation voltage can be generated from this alternating voltage, by means of which the frequency modulation of the alternating output voltage takes place. The frequency of the modulation voltage is twice the frequency of the input AC voltage. Preferably, the phase position of the modulation voltage with respect to the input AC voltage is adjusted so that the frequency of the Wechsparörmige Output voltage is highest when the instantaneous value of the input AC voltage reaches a maximum.

Der Frequenzhub der wechselförmigen Ausgangsspannung kann dabei in verschiedener Weise variiert werden. Eine Möglichkeit ist es, die Amplitudenmodulation der wechselförmigen Ausgangsspannung, die aus der unzureichenden Gleichrichtung der Eingangswechselspannung herrührt, durch einen geeigneten Frequenzhub der überlagerten Frequenzmodulation möglichst zu kompensieren. Dies gelingt prinzipiell am besten, wenn bei einem Maximum des Momentanwertes der Eingangswechselspannung, aus der ja ein Maximum des Momentanwertes der wechselförmigen Ausgangsspannung hervorgeht, die Frequenz der wechselförmigen Ausgangsspannung maximal wird. Die Frequenz der Amplitudenmodulation der wechselförmigen Ausgangsspannung ist prinzipbedingt doppelt so hoch wie die Frequenz der Eingangswechselspannung. Da die Frequenz des Modulationssignals synchron zur Frequenz der Amplitudenmodulation der wechselförmigen Ausgangsspannung ist, folgt daraus, dass bei einem Minimum der Amplitude der wechselförmigen Ausgangsspannung auch ein Minimum der Frequenz der wechselförmigen Ausgangsspannung auftritt. Der Hub der Frequenzmodulation kann nun so eingestellt werden, dass sich die beiden Auswirkungen der Amplituden- und der Frequenzmodulation auf die Abgabeleistung aufheben, so dass eine ausgesprochen gleichförmige Leistungsabgabe an die Gasentladungslampe erzeugt wird die eine gute Lichtqualität zur Folge hat. Mit der synchronisierten Frequenzmodulation werden also gleichzeitig zwei Dinge Erreicht: Einerseits eine gleichmäßige Lichtabgabe und damit eine Verbesserung der Lichtqualität, andererseits eine Verteilung der Störfrequenzen auf ein breites Frequenzband zur Verbesserung der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit der Schaltungsanordnung.The frequency deviation of the alternating output voltage can be varied in various ways. One possibility is to compensate as much as possible the amplitude modulation of the alternating output voltage resulting from the insufficient rectification of the input AC voltage by means of a suitable frequency deviation of the superimposed frequency modulation. In principle, this is best achieved if the frequency of the alternating output voltage becomes maximum at a maximum of the instantaneous value of the input AC voltage, from which a maximum of the instantaneous value of the alternating output voltage emerges. The frequency of the amplitude modulation of the alternating output voltage is in principle twice as high as the frequency of the input AC voltage. Since the frequency of the modulation signal is synchronous with the frequency of the amplitude modulation of the alternating output voltage, it follows that with a minimum of the amplitude of the alternating output voltage also a minimum of the frequency of the alternating output voltage occurs. The stroke of the frequency modulation can now be adjusted so that cancel the two effects of the amplitude and the frequency modulation on the output, so that a very uniform output to the gas discharge lamp is generated which has a good quality of light result. With the synchronized frequency modulation, two things are achieved simultaneously: on the one hand a uniform light output and thus an improvement of the quality of light, on the other hand a distribution of the interference frequencies on a wide frequency band to improve the electromagnetic compatibility of the circuit.

Eine andere Möglichkeit der Variation des Frequenzhubes ist die Optimierung der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit der Schaltungsanordnung. Je größer der Frequenzhub ist, umso breiter wird das Frequenzband, auf dem Störungen Auftreten. Bei einem breiteren Frequenzband sind die Störungen pro Frequenz jedoch niedriger, da die Frequenzen pro Zeiteinheit weniger häufig vorkommen. Damit kann der Frequenzhub so eingestellt werden, dass die geltenden Grenzwerte für die elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit sicher eingehalten werden.Another possibility of varying the frequency deviation is the optimization of the electromagnetic compatibility of the circuit arrangement. The larger the frequency sweep, the wider the frequency band on which interference occurs. However, with a wider frequency band, the interferences per frequency are lower since the frequencies per unit time are less frequent. This allows the frequency deviation to be set so that the applicable limits for electromagnetic compatibility are safely complied with.

Wird in die das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ausführende Schaltungsanordnung jedoch eine Gleichspannung eingegeben, so kann aus dieser kein wechselförmiges Modulationssignal abgeleitet werden. Um auch bei Gleichspannungsbetrieb eine Frequenzmodulation der wechselförmigen Ausgangsspannung durchführen zu können, wird ein dreieckförmiges Modulationssignal erzeugt, mittels dem die wechselförmige Ausgangsspannung frequenzmoduliert wird. Ein dreieckförmiges Signal bietet den Vorteil einer Gleichverteilung der Frequenzen der wechselförmigen Ausgangsspannung, so dass eine optimale Streuung der Störungen erzielt wird. Es ist aber auch denkbar, dass für das Modulationssignal eine Signalform erzeugt wird, durch die eine qualitativ dem entsprechenden Grenzwert folgende Streuung der Störungen erreicht wird. Dabei ist das Modulationssignal so ausgebildet, dass die Frequenzen, bei denen der Grenzwert hoch ist, bei der Modulation öfter angefahren werden, als die Frequenzen, bei denen der Grenzwert niedrig ist. Durch dieses Verfahren wird eine optimale 'Ausnutzung' der bestehenden Normen bezüglich der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit erreicht.However, if a DC voltage is input into the circuit arrangement implementing the method according to the invention, then no alternating modulation signal can be derived therefrom. In order to be able to carry out a frequency modulation of the alternating output voltage even with DC operation, a triangular modulation signal is generated by means of which the alternating output voltage is frequency-modulated. A triangular signal offers the advantage of an equal distribution of the frequencies of the alternating output voltage, so that an optimal dispersion of the interference is achieved. However, it is also conceivable that a signal form is generated for the modulation signal, by which a qualitatively the corresponding limit value following dispersion of the interference is achieved. In this case, the modulation signal is designed so that the frequencies at which the limit is high, are approached in the modulation more often than the frequencies at which the Limit is low. This method achieves optimum 'utilization' of the existing standards with regard to electromagnetic compatibility.

Fig. 2 zeigt ein Blockschaltbild einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung, die das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ausführt. Eine Eingangswechselspannung Uin wird in eine Leistungsfaktorkorrekturschaltung 10 eingegeben. Die Leistungsfaktorkorrekturschaltung 10 erzeugt daraus eine amplitudenmodulierte Zwischenkreisspannung, die an einen Gleichspannungszwischenkreis 30 abgegeben wird. Dieser glättet die modulierte Gleichspannung und gibt sie in einen Inverter 20 ein, der daraus eine amplituden- und frequenzmodulierte Ausgangsspannung Uout erzeugt. Diese wird über einen Resonanzkreis 40 geleitet und betreibt eine Gasentladungslampe 5. Die gesamte Schaltungsanordnung wird von einer Steuerschaltung 50 gesteuert. Die Steuerschaltung 50 steuert und regelt dabei insbesondere die Leistungsfaktorkorrekturschaltung 10 und den Inverter 20. Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a circuit arrangement according to the invention, which carries out the inventive method. An input AC voltage U in is input to a power factor correction circuit 10. The power factor correction circuit 10 generates therefrom an amplitude-modulated intermediate circuit voltage which is output to a DC voltage intermediate circuit 30. This smoothes the modulated DC voltage and enters it in an inverter 20, which generates an amplitude and frequency modulated output voltage U out . This is passed through a resonant circuit 40 and operates a gas discharge lamp 5. The entire circuit arrangement is controlled by a control circuit 50. The control circuit 50 controls and regulates in particular the power factor correction circuit 10 and the inverter 20.

In einer ersten Ausführungsform beinhaltet die Steuerschaltung 50 einen ASIC 54, der die Steuer- und Regelaufgaben übernimmt. Die Detektion, ob eine gleichförmige oder eine wechselförmige Eingangsspannung Uin an der Schaltungsanordnung 1 anliegt, wird dabei von einer Erkennungsschaltung 12 bewerkstelligt, die Teil der Leistungsfaktorkorrekturschaltung ist und in die die Eingangswechselspannung Uin oder die gleichgerichtete amplitutenmodulierte Eingangswechselspannung Uin eingegeben wird. Die Erkennungsschaltung beinhaltet in der ersten Ausführungsform einen Bandfilter, einen Hoch- oder ienen Tiefpassfilter. Diesem wird die Eingangsspannung Uin zugeführt, und daraufhin liefert die Erkennungsschaltung 12 ein Erkennungssignal an die Steuerschaltung 50, die dann entweder das Erkennungssignal in ein sinusförmiges Modulationssignal umwandelt, wenn Uin eine Wechselspannung ist, beziehungsweise ein dreieckförmiges Modulationssignal erzeugt, wenn Uin eine Gleichspannung ist. Mit diesem Modulationssignal wird ein festfrequenter Oszillator 55 moduliert, und das daraus entstehende frequenzmodulierte Signal wird als Ansteuersignal in den Inverter 20 eingegeben, der mit diesem Signal im Inverter vorhandene Brückentransistoren ansteuert.In a first embodiment, the control circuit 50 includes an ASIC 54 which performs the control and regulation tasks. Detecting whether a uniform or alternately shaped input voltage U in of the circuit arrangement 1 is in this case accomplished by a detection circuit 12 which is part of the power factor correction circuit and in the input AC voltage U is input to or the rectified amplitutenmodulierte AC input voltage U in. The detection circuit includes a bandpass filter, a high or low pass filter in the first embodiment. This is the input voltage Uin supplied, and then supplies the detection circuit 12th a detection signal to the control circuit 50, which then converts either the detection signal into a sinusoidal modulation signal when U is in an AC voltage or generates a triangular modulation signal when U is in a DC voltage. With this modulation signal, a fixed-frequency oscillator 55 is modulated, and the resulting frequency-modulated signal is input as a drive signal in the inverter 20, which drives bridge signal with this signal present in the inverter.

Die zweite Ausführungsform ist sehr ähnlich zur ersten Ausführungsform, daher werden nur die Unterschiede zur ersten Ausführungsform beschrieben. In der zweiten Ausführungsform beinhaltet die Erkennungsschaltung statt des Bandfilters eine Flankendetektionseinrichtung, die erkennt, ob Uin eine gleich- oder eine wechselförmige Spannung ist. Der übrige Ablauf entspricht der ersten Ausführungsform.The second embodiment is very similar to the first embodiment, therefore, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, the detection circuit includes, instead of the band filter, an edge detection means which detects whether U is in a same or an alternating voltage. The rest of the procedure corresponds to the first embodiment.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine dritte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung 1. Die dritte Ausführungsform ist sehr ähnlich zur ersten Ausführungsform, daher werden nur die Unterschiede zur ersten Ausführungsform beschrieben. In der dritten Ausführungsform beinhaltet die Steuerschaltung 50 einen Mikrocontroller 52 statt eines ASICs 54. Der Mikrocontroller übernimmt wie der ASIC die wesentlichen Steuerungs- und Regelungsaufgaben der Schaltungsanordnung. Die Erkennungsschaltung 12 weist einen Bandfilter auf, und erzeugt ein Erkennungssignal, das in die Steuerschaltung 50 eingegeben wird. Die Eingangssignale werden über A/D-Wandler digitalisiert, im Mikrocontroller 52 verarbeitet und über D/A-Wandler an die Leistungsfaktorkorrekturschaltung 10 und den Inverter 20 abgegeben. Die Frequenzmodulation geschieht hierbei mit einem digitalen Algorithmus. Auch die dreieckförmige Modulationsspannung wird z.B. mittels einer Tabelle digital erzeugt und dann weiterverarbeitet. Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of the circuit arrangement according to the invention 1. The third embodiment is very similar to the first embodiment, therefore, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described. In the third embodiment, the control circuit 50 includes a microcontroller 52 instead of an ASIC 54. The microcontroller, like the ASIC, performs the essential control and regulation tasks of the circuit arrangement. The detection circuit 12 has a band filter, and generates a detection signal which is input to the control circuit 50. The input signals are digitized via A / D converter, processed in the microcontroller 52 and via D / A converter the power factor correction circuit 10 and the inverter 20 are output. The frequency modulation is done with a digital algorithm. The triangular modulation voltage is also digitally generated, for example, by means of a table and then further processed.

Die vierte Ausführungsform ist sehr ähnlich zur dritten Ausführungsform, daher werden nur die Unterschiede zur dritten Ausführungsform beschrieben. In der vierten Ausführungsform beinhaltet die Erkennungsschaltung statt des Bandfilters eine Flankendetektionseinrichtung, die erkennt, ob Uin eine gleich- oder eine wechselförmige Spannung ist. Die Erkennungsschaltung erzeugt das Erkennungssignal, das A/D-gewandelt wird und dann im Mikrocontroller weiterverarbeitet wird. Der übrige Ablauf entspricht der dritten Ausführungsform.The fourth embodiment is very similar to the third embodiment, therefore, only the differences from the third embodiment will be described. In the fourth embodiment, the detection circuit includes, instead of the band filter, an edge detection means which detects whether U is in a same or an alternating voltage. The detection circuit generates the detection signal, which is A / D converted and then further processed in the microcontroller. The remainder of the procedure corresponds to the third embodiment.

Claims (14)

  1. Method for operating at least one light source (5), in which an input voltage (Uin) is converted into an AC output voltage, the AC output voltage providing a power for operating at least one light source (5), the frequency of the output voltage being frequency-modulated with a triangular modulation signal if the input voltage (Uin) is a DC voltage, characterized in that the frequency of the output voltage is frequency-modulated with an AC modulation signal which is generated from the input voltage (Uin) if the input voltage (Uin) is an AC voltage.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the frequency of the triangular modulation signal in the case of a DC input voltage is between 100 Hz and 3 kHz.
  3. Method according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that, in the case of an AC input voltage, the frequency of the modulation signal is twice the frequency of the AC input voltage.
  4. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the phase angle of the modulation signal with respect to the AC input voltage is selected such that the crest factor of the output voltage substantially corresponds to the value 2 .
    Figure imgb0003
  5. Method according to Claim 4, characterized in that the phase angle of the modulation signal is designed such that, at a maximum instantaneous value of the AC input voltage, the maximum frequency of the output voltage is reached.
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frequency deviation of the frequency modulation is set such that amplitude modulation of the output voltage resulting from insufficient smoothing of the rectified input voltage is minimized.
  7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frequency deviation of the frequency modulation is set such that improved electromagnetic compatibility is achieved.
  8. Circuit arrangement (1) for operating at least one light source (5), with an input for inputting a DC or AC voltage (Uin), and an output which is connected to the light source (5), characterized in that it implements a method according to one or more of Claims 1-7.
  9. Circuit arrangement according to Claim 8, characterized in that it has an identification circuit (12) which identifies whether the input voltage (Uin) is DC or AC.
  10. Circuit arrangement according to Claim 9, characterized in that the identification circuit (12) has a bandpass filter, a high-pass filter or a low-pass filter.
  11. Circuit arrangement according to Claim 9, characterized in that the identification circuit (12) has an edge detection device.
  12. Circuit arrangement according to one or more of the preceding Claims 8-11, characterized in that it has a control circuit (50), and the control circuit contains an integrated circuit such as an ASIC (54).
  13. Circuit arrangement according to one or more of the preceding Claims 8-11, characterized in that it has a control circuit (50), and the control circuit contains a microcontroller (52).
  14. Circuit arrangement according to one or more of the preceding Claims 8 to 13, characterized in that it has a resonant circuit (40).
EP08760995.4A 2008-06-13 2008-06-13 Circuit arrangement and method for operating a light source Active EP2289289B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/EP2008/057466 WO2009149763A1 (en) 2008-06-13 2008-06-13 Circuit arrangement and method for operating a light source

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EP2289289B1 true EP2289289B1 (en) 2013-08-14

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CN202276533U (en) * 2010-07-08 2012-06-13 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 Lamp driver

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EP0059064B1 (en) * 1981-02-21 1985-10-02 THORN EMI plc Lamp driver circuits
DE4301184C2 (en) * 1993-01-19 1997-12-18 B & S Elektronische Geraete Gm Control device for at least one discharge lamp
EP0840537A1 (en) * 1996-10-31 1998-05-06 MAGNETEK S.p.A. Electronic ballast for high-intensity discharge lamps
US6362575B1 (en) * 2000-11-16 2002-03-26 Philips Electronics North America Corporation Voltage regulated electronic ballast for multiple discharge lamps
DE10216596A1 (en) * 2002-04-15 2003-11-06 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh lighting system
CN100531506C (en) * 2004-12-29 2009-08-19 浙江大学 Electronic ballast and method for selecting its working frequency

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