EP2245368A1 - Catalytic radiating heating appliance - Google Patents

Catalytic radiating heating appliance

Info

Publication number
EP2245368A1
EP2245368A1 EP09716159A EP09716159A EP2245368A1 EP 2245368 A1 EP2245368 A1 EP 2245368A1 EP 09716159 A EP09716159 A EP 09716159A EP 09716159 A EP09716159 A EP 09716159A EP 2245368 A1 EP2245368 A1 EP 2245368A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
catalytic
heating apparatus
control
gas
catalytic combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09716159A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Claudio Fassio
Renato F. MÜLLER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Radiamon SA
Original Assignee
Radiamon SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Radiamon SA filed Critical Radiamon SA
Publication of EP2245368A1 publication Critical patent/EP2245368A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/18—Radiant burners using catalysis for flameless combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • F23C13/04—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material characterised by arrangements of two or more catalytic elements in series connection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
    • F24C3/04—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels with heat produced wholly or partly by a radiant body, e.g. by a perforated plate
    • F24C3/06—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels with heat produced wholly or partly by a radiant body, e.g. by a perforated plate without any visible flame
    • F24C3/062—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels with heat produced wholly or partly by a radiant body, e.g. by a perforated plate without any visible flame stoves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/9901—Combustion process using hydrogen, hydrogen peroxide water or brown gas as fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/106—Assemblies of different layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/107—Flame diffusing means coated with catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2208/00—Control devices associated with burners
    • F23D2208/10—Sensing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
    • F23D2900/14001—Sealing or support of burner plate borders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a radiant heater of the catalytic type using a fuel gas, comprising at least one catalytic cell which comprises a catalytic combustion chamber, a diffuser of said fuel gas which opens into said catalytic combustion chamber and a catalytic combustion device mounted in said catalytic combustion chamber and arranged to oxidize said injected gas in the catalytic combustion chamber and generate a thermal radiation.
  • Catalytic type gas heaters which use town gas or natural gas as fuel. These devices have the disadvantage of requiring, on the one hand, a prior desulfurization of the gas and, on the other hand, preheating and ventilation. As a result, these heaters become heavy and bulky and their cost increases accordingly. In addition, in use they produce gaseous emissions, including carbon dioxide (CO2) which is sought by all means to limit production. They do not fall into the category of so-called clean heaters.
  • CO2 carbon dioxide
  • GB 2 249 491 discloses in particular a catalytic heating element comprising at least two catalytic cells having different operating and ignition gas temperatures, that is to say a main catalytic cell and at least one cell. secondary catalytic.
  • the secondary catalytic cell or cells serve to preheat the main cell.
  • Publication US 2003/129557 relates to a process for preheating the catalyst of a catalytic element in which a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen is used to preheat a catalyst operating with natural gas or propane.
  • Japanese Abstract JP 61 147014 relates to a catalytic burner provided with a thermocouple arranged to detect the preheating temperature of a catalyst comprising three layers having different oxidizing capacities.
  • Japanese Abstract JP 60 233413 discloses a catalytic combustion device comprising two juxtaposed catalytic cells respectively contain two different catalysts.
  • the patent FR 1 122 565 relates to a process for the catalysis of hydrocarbons that can be used in a heating apparatus in which the embodiment described in its general principle comprises a gas supply pipe coupled by a tap to a device for adjusting the temperature. hydrocarbon gas mixture - air bound to a vaporization chamber.
  • the present invention proposes to overcome the disadvantages of known apparatuses by providing a radiant catalytic heater that does not require a preheating cell, which is light, compact, economical to purchase and use and which, moreover , meets the current requirements for environmental protection by burning that does not produce carbon dioxide.
  • the heating apparatus is characterized in that said combustible gas is hydrogen gas, and in that said catalytic combustion device comprises a diffusion structure of said fuel gas combined with a catalyst comprising at least one treated element of a catalyst material, said diffusion structure of said fuel gas being arranged to distribute said fuel gas homogeneously on said catalyst.
  • said diffusion structure comprises at least one porous sieve arranged to ensure a substantially homogeneous distribution of said fuel gas, said porous sieve comprising at least one layer of fibers resistant to high temperatures.
  • the apparatus according to the invention further comprises means arranged to automatically control the engagement and / or tripping of said heating apparatus as a function of the ambient temperature, said means comprising both means arranged to controlling and controlling the supply of fuel gas and means arranged to control the internal temperature of the catalytic combustion chamber.
  • said catalyst may consist of at least two superposed layers of catalyst material.
  • the diffusion structure of the catalytic combustion device is directly juxtaposed to said catalyst.
  • the catalytic cell is closed by an inner cover substantially parallel to an external cover and disposed below the latter, said inner cover being mounted on peripheral side walls of a box which is closed by the outer cover and by an external grid.
  • the fuel gas diffuser is connected to a supply pipe coupled to the output of a control valve whose input is connected to a calibrated injector.
  • said means arranged to control and control the supply of the apparatus with hydrogen gas may comprise an autonomous module for controlling and controlling the supply of hydrogen gas carried by a support disposed in the catalytic cell, and said means arranged for control the internal temperature of the catalytic combustion chamber may comprise a thermal probe connected to said autonomous module for controlling and controlling the supply of hydrogen gas.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partly in section, showing the heating apparatus according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 represents a cross-sectional view of the catalytic cell of the heating apparatus of FIG. 1,
  • FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C show detail views illustrating components of the catalytic cell of FIG. 2, and
  • Figure 4 is an operating diagram of the heater according to the invention.
  • the heating apparatus 10 as exemplified mainly comprises a catalytic cell 11 mounted inside a box 12 closed on the top by an outer cover 13 and below. by an external grid 14 and provided with peripheral side walls 12a folded sheet metal or made by means of metal profiles.
  • the catalytic cell 11, which is the active element of the apparatus mainly comprises a catalytic combustion chamber 15, a combustible gas diffuser 16 housed in this chamber and a catalytic combustion device 17.
  • This catalytic combustion device 17 is composed of at least one catalyst 17a comprising at least one treated element of a catalyst material and at least one diffusion structure 17b of the fuel gas.
  • the diffusion structure 17b is preferably directly juxtaposed with the catalyst 17a and has the function of diffusing the fuel gas homogeneously on said catalyst.
  • This diffusion structure 17b which is held in position on the catalyst 17a by a grid 17c, advantageously consists of a porous sieve which preferably comprises at least one layer of fibers arranged to withstand high temperatures, of the order a few hundred degrees.
  • the constituent fibers of the sieve may be ceramic fibers or the like. They are for example assembled according to a needling technique, well known in the field of producing felts based on textile fibers.
  • the catalytic combustion device 17 is housed in a profiled structure 18, linked to an element 18b integral with a support 18c on which is disposed a control and control module 22, whose function will be defined below, and which is connected a thermal probe 23, housed in the catalytic combustion chamber 15.
  • a calibrated injector 20 is connected to a control valve 21 which is coupled to the fuel gas diffuser 16.
  • This fuel gas diffuser 16 advantageously comprises a tubular part having a certain number of openings which make it possible to substantially uniformly distribute the main flow of fuel. arrival of the fuel gas into a plurality of secondary streams. Other constructions having the same functions could be realized.
  • the support 18c also carries a supply pipe 24, connected to the control valve 21 and connected to the fuel gas diffuser 16, to supply it with hydrogen.
  • This assembly is mounted on an angle profile 18d which is fixed to the peripheral side walls 12a of the box 12.
  • the catalytic cell 11 is further closed by an inner cover 19 substantially parallel to the outer cover 13 and disposed under the latter.
  • This inner cover 19 is preferably mounted on the peripheral side walls 12a.
  • the apparatus 10 is a dihydrogen (H2) oxidizing heater, the fuel gas being supplied from an external source of dihydrogen under pressure (not shown).
  • the supply of hydrogen is through the calibrated injector 20 and the control valve 21 whose output is coupled to the fuel gas diffuser 16.
  • This combustible gas diffuser 16 directs the hydrogen to the catalytic combustion device which comprises the homogeneous diffusion structure 17b and the catalyst 17a where its catalytic oxidation occurs.
  • This oxidation which is carried out on the catalyst 17a is at the origin of the infrared heat radiation of the heating apparatus and the only "waste" produced by this combustion is a release of water vapor (H2O).
  • FIG. 3A shows a partial cross-sectional view of the catalytic cell 11, illustrating in particular the catalyst 17a which is carried by the angle-shaped profile 18d (see FIG. 2), the homogeneous diffusion structure 17b, the tubing of FIG. supplied 24 of the hydrogen to the gas diffuser 16, and the thermal probe 23.
  • Figure 3B shows a plan view of the outer gate 14 which consists of a wide open mesh to protect the catalytic combustion chamber 15, and in particular the catalyst 17a, and to pass the infrared radiation.
  • FIG. 3C represents a plan view of the support 18c which closes the catalytic combustion chamber 15.
  • This support 18c comprises two openings 23a and 24a arranged for the passage respectively of the thermal probe 23 and that of the tubing 24.
  • This support is advantageously realized by means of a metal sheet.
  • Figure 4 is an operating diagram of the apparatus 10 described above. If the device records an external heat demand Ph1, it generates an activation of the power supply 30 of the device and more specifically a Ph2 activation of the control and control module 22 of the device. The command and control module 22 performs a first check which consists of determining whether the time t is YES or NO less than the start time to the device.
  • the opening phase Ph3 of the gas control valve 21 is activated and the gas diffuser is energized.
  • a second check is made to determine whether YES or NO the temperature T is greater than the temperature To. If the answer is yes, the gas control valve 21 is engaged.
  • a fault command Ph4 is transmitted to the command and control module 22 of the device.
  • the thermal probe 23 for example a thermocouple, which transmits a signal intended, if necessary, to stop the gas supply.
  • the described heater is not strictly limited to the embodiment described and shown, but could be constructed in a variety of ways. In particular, it could comprise several individual catalytic cells, their shape and their disposition could be varied according to the needs of the application. In addition, the entire support structure of the components could be performed differently. All these variants, however, remain within the scope of the present invention and do not fall outside the field of competence of those skilled in the art.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a catalytic radiating heating appliance that comprises at least one catalytic cell (11) including a catalytic combustion chamber (15) associated with a gas diffuser (16) supplied by an external supply source and adapted for diffusing a fuel gas on a catalyst (17a) on which is arranged a diffusion structure (17b) adapted for ensuring a substantially homogenous distribution of said fuel gas. The catalyst (17a) is adapted for oxidising hydrogen injected into the catalytic combustion chamber (15) and diffused by the gas diffuser (16). The appliance further includes a means (22) for controlling and monitoring the gas supply, a means (23) for controlling the inner temperature of the catalytic combustion chamber (15), and a means for generating a thermal radiation.

Description

APPAREIL DE CHAUFFAGE RADIANT DU TYPE CATALYTIQUE RADIANT HEATING APPARATUS OF THE CATALYTIC TYPE
Domaine techniqueTechnical area
La présente invention concerne un appareil chauffage radiant du type catalytique utilisant un gaz combustible, comportant au moins une cellule catalytique qui comprend une chambre de combustion catalytique, un diffuseur dudit gaz combustible qui débouche dans ladite chambre de combustion catalytique et un dispositif de combustion catalytique monté dans ladite chambre de combustion catalytique et agencé pour oxyder ledit gaz injecté dans la chambre de combustion catalytique et générer un rayonnement thermique.The present invention relates to a radiant heater of the catalytic type using a fuel gas, comprising at least one catalytic cell which comprises a catalytic combustion chamber, a diffuser of said fuel gas which opens into said catalytic combustion chamber and a catalytic combustion device mounted in said catalytic combustion chamber and arranged to oxidize said injected gas in the catalytic combustion chamber and generate a thermal radiation.
Technique antérieurePrior art
On connaît déjà des appareils de chauffage au gaz du type catalytique qui utilisent comme combustible du gaz de ville ou du gaz naturel. Ces appareils présentent l'inconvénient de nécessiter, d'une part, une désulfurisation préalable du gaz et, d'autre part, un préchauffage et une ventilation. De ce fait, ces appareils de chauffage deviennent lourds et encombrants et leur coût augmente en conséquence. En outre, à l'utilisation ils produisent des rejets gazeux, notamment de l'anhydride carbonique (CO2) dont on cherche par tous les moyens à limiter la production. Ils n'entrent pas dans la catégorie des chauffages dits propres.Catalytic type gas heaters are already known which use town gas or natural gas as fuel. These devices have the disadvantage of requiring, on the one hand, a prior desulfurization of the gas and, on the other hand, preheating and ventilation. As a result, these heaters become heavy and bulky and their cost increases accordingly. In addition, in use they produce gaseous emissions, including carbon dioxide (CO2) which is sought by all means to limit production. They do not fall into the category of so-called clean heaters.
On connaît en particulier par la publication GB 2 249 491 un élément chauffant catalytique comprenant au moins deux cellules catalytiques ayant des températures de fonctionnement et d'allumage du gaz différentes, c'est-à-dire une cellule catalytique principale et au moins une cellule catalytique secondaire. La ou les cellules catalytiques secondaires servent au préchauffage de la cellule principale.GB 2 249 491 discloses in particular a catalytic heating element comprising at least two catalytic cells having different operating and ignition gas temperatures, that is to say a main catalytic cell and at least one cell. secondary catalytic. The secondary catalytic cell or cells serve to preheat the main cell.
La publication US 2003/129557 a pour objet un procédé de préchauffage du catalyseur d'un élément catalytique dans lequel on utilise un mélange d'hydrogène et d'azote pour préchauffer un catalyseur fonctionnant avec du gaz naturel ou du propane. L'abrégé japonais JP 61 147014 concerne un brûleur catalytique pourvu d'un thermocouple agencé pour détecter la température de préchauffage d'un catalyseur comportant trois couches ayant des capacités oxydantes différentes.Publication US 2003/129557 relates to a process for preheating the catalyst of a catalytic element in which a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen is used to preheat a catalyst operating with natural gas or propane. Japanese Abstract JP 61 147014 relates to a catalytic burner provided with a thermocouple arranged to detect the preheating temperature of a catalyst comprising three layers having different oxidizing capacities.
L'abrégé japonais JP 60 233413 décrit un dispositif à combustion catalytique comportant deux cellules catalytiques juxtaposées renferment respectivement deux catalyseurs différents.Japanese Abstract JP 60 233413 discloses a catalytic combustion device comprising two juxtaposed catalytic cells respectively contain two different catalysts.
Le brevet FR 1 122 565 concerne un procédé de catalyse des hydrocarbures pouvant être utilisé dans un appareil de chauffage dans lequel la forme de réalisation décrite dans son principe général comporte une tubulure d'amenée de gaz couplée par un robinet à un dispositif de réglage du mélange gaz d'hydrocarbures - air lié à une chambre de vaporisation.The patent FR 1 122 565 relates to a process for the catalysis of hydrocarbons that can be used in a heating apparatus in which the embodiment described in its general principle comprises a gas supply pipe coupled by a tap to a device for adjusting the temperature. hydrocarbon gas mixture - air bound to a vaporization chamber.
Exposé de l'inventionPresentation of the invention
La présente invention se propose de pallier les inconvénients des appareils connus en offrant un appareil de chauffage radiant catalytique ne nécessitant pas de cellule de préchauffage, qui est léger, peu encombrant, économique à l'achat et à l'utilisation et qui, en outre, répond aux exigences actuelles en matière de respect de l'environnement en effectuant une combustion qui ne produit pas d'anhydride carbonique.The present invention proposes to overcome the disadvantages of known apparatuses by providing a radiant catalytic heater that does not require a preheating cell, which is light, compact, economical to purchase and use and which, moreover , meets the current requirements for environmental protection by burning that does not produce carbon dioxide.
A cet effet, l'appareil de chauffage selon l'invention, tel que défini en préambule, est caractérisé en ce que ledit gaz combustible est de l'hydrogène gazeux, et en ce que ledit dispositif de combustion catalytique comprend une structure de diffusion dudit gaz combustible combiné à un catalyseur comprenant au moins un élément traité d'un matériau catalyseur, ladite structure de diffusion dudit gaz combustible étant agencée pour diffuser ledit gaz combustible de façon homogène sur ledit catalyseur. Selon une forme de réalisation préférée, ladite structure de diffusion comporte au moins un tamis poreux agencé pour assurer une distribution sensiblement homogène dudit gaz combustible, ledit tamis poreux comportant au moins une couche de fibres résistant aux hautes températures.For this purpose, the heating apparatus according to the invention, as defined in the preamble, is characterized in that said combustible gas is hydrogen gas, and in that said catalytic combustion device comprises a diffusion structure of said fuel gas combined with a catalyst comprising at least one treated element of a catalyst material, said diffusion structure of said fuel gas being arranged to distribute said fuel gas homogeneously on said catalyst. According to a preferred embodiment, said diffusion structure comprises at least one porous sieve arranged to ensure a substantially homogeneous distribution of said fuel gas, said porous sieve comprising at least one layer of fibers resistant to high temperatures.
De façon avantageuse, l'appareil selon l'invention comporte en outre des moyens agencés pour commander automatiquement l'enclenchement et/ou !e déclenchement dudit appareil de chauffage en fonction de la température ambiante, lesdits moyens comprenant à la fois des moyens agencés pour commander et contrôler l'alimentation en gaz combustible et des moyens agencés pour contrôler la température interne de la chambre de combustion catalytique.Advantageously, the apparatus according to the invention further comprises means arranged to automatically control the engagement and / or tripping of said heating apparatus as a function of the ambient temperature, said means comprising both means arranged to controlling and controlling the supply of fuel gas and means arranged to control the internal temperature of the catalytic combustion chamber.
Selon une variante de réalisation ledit catalyseur peut être constitué d'au moins deux couches superposées de matériau catalyseur.According to an alternative embodiment, said catalyst may consist of at least two superposed layers of catalyst material.
De préférence, la structure de diffusion du dispositif de combustion catalytique est directement juxtaposée audit catalyseur.Preferably, the diffusion structure of the catalytic combustion device is directly juxtaposed to said catalyst.
Dans la forme de réalisation préférée de l'appareil, la cellule catalytique est fermée par un couvercle interne sensiblement parallèle à un couvercle externe et disposé en dessous de ce dernier, ledit couvercle interne étant monté sur des parois latérales périphériques d'un caisson qui est fermé par le couvercle externe et par une grille externe.In the preferred embodiment of the apparatus, the catalytic cell is closed by an inner cover substantially parallel to an external cover and disposed below the latter, said inner cover being mounted on peripheral side walls of a box which is closed by the outer cover and by an external grid.
De façon avantageuse, le diffuseur de gaz combustible est connecté à une tubulure d'amenée couplée à la sortie d'une vanne de commande dont l'entrée est liée à un injecteur calibré.Advantageously, the fuel gas diffuser is connected to a supply pipe coupled to the output of a control valve whose input is connected to a calibrated injector.
De préférence, lesdits moyens agencés pour commander et contrôler l'alimentation de l'appareil en gaz hydrogène peuvent comporter un module autonome de commande et de contrôle de l'alimentation en gaz hydrogène porté par un support disposé dans la cellule catalytique, et lesdits moyens agencés pour contrôler la température interne de la chambre de combustion catalytique peuvent comporter une sonde thermique connectée audit module autonome de commande et de contrôle de l'alimentation en gaz hydrogène.Preferably, said means arranged to control and control the supply of the apparatus with hydrogen gas may comprise an autonomous module for controlling and controlling the supply of hydrogen gas carried by a support disposed in the catalytic cell, and said means arranged for control the internal temperature of the catalytic combustion chamber may comprise a thermal probe connected to said autonomous module for controlling and controlling the supply of hydrogen gas.
Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings
La présente invention et ses avantages seront mieux compris à la lecture de la description détaillée d'une forme de réalisation avantageuse de l'invention, en référence aux dessins annexés donnés à titre indicatif et non limitatif, dans lesquels:The present invention and its advantages will be better understood on reading the detailed description of an advantageous embodiment of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings given by way of non-limiting indication, in which:
la figure 1 est une vue en perspective, partiellement en coupe, représentant l'appareil de chauffage selon l'invention,FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partly in section, showing the heating apparatus according to the invention,
la figure 2 représente une vue en coupe transversale de la cellule catalytique de l'appareil de chauffage de la figure 1 ,FIG. 2 represents a cross-sectional view of the catalytic cell of the heating apparatus of FIG. 1,
les figures 3A, 3B et 3C représentent des vues de détail illustrant des composants de la cellule catalytique de la figure 2, etFIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C show detail views illustrating components of the catalytic cell of FIG. 2, and
la figure 4 est un diagramme de fonctionnement de l'appareil de chauffage selon l'invention.Figure 4 is an operating diagram of the heater according to the invention.
Meilleure manière de réaliser l'inventionBest way to realize the invention
En référence aux figures 1 et 2, l'appareil de chauffage 10 tel que réalisé à titre d'exemple comporte principalement une cellule catalytique 11 montée à l'intérieur d'un caisson 12 fermé sur le dessus par un couvercle externe 13 et en dessous par une grille externe 14 et pourvu de parois latérales périphériques 12a en tôle pliée ou réalisées au moyen de profilés métalliques. La cellule catalytique 11 , qui est l'élément actif de l'appareil, comprend principalement une chambre de combustion catalytique 15, un diffuseur de gaz combustible 16 logé dans cette chambre et un dispositif de combustion catalytique 17. Ce dispositif de combustion catalytique 17 se compose d'au moins un catalyseur 17a comprenant au moins un élément traité d'un matériau catalyseur et au moins une structure de diffusion 17b du gaz combustible. La structure de diffusion 17b est de préférence directement juxtaposée au catalyseur 17a et a pour fonction de diffuser le gaz combustible de façon homogène sur ledit catalyseur. Cette structure de diffusion 17b, qui est maintenue en position sur le catalyseur 17a par une grille 17c, est avantageusement constituée d'un tamis poreux qui comporte de préférence au moins une couche de fibres agencées pour résister à des températures élevées, de l'ordre de quelques centaines de degrés. Les fibres constitutives du tamis peuvent être des fibres de céramique ou similaires. Elles sont par exemple assemblées selon une technique d'aiguilletage, bien connue dans le domaine de la réalisation de feutres à base de fibres textiles.With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the heating apparatus 10 as exemplified mainly comprises a catalytic cell 11 mounted inside a box 12 closed on the top by an outer cover 13 and below. by an external grid 14 and provided with peripheral side walls 12a folded sheet metal or made by means of metal profiles. The catalytic cell 11, which is the active element of the apparatus, mainly comprises a catalytic combustion chamber 15, a combustible gas diffuser 16 housed in this chamber and a catalytic combustion device 17. This catalytic combustion device 17 is composed of at least one catalyst 17a comprising at least one treated element of a catalyst material and at least one diffusion structure 17b of the fuel gas. The diffusion structure 17b is preferably directly juxtaposed with the catalyst 17a and has the function of diffusing the fuel gas homogeneously on said catalyst. This diffusion structure 17b, which is held in position on the catalyst 17a by a grid 17c, advantageously consists of a porous sieve which preferably comprises at least one layer of fibers arranged to withstand high temperatures, of the order a few hundred degrees. The constituent fibers of the sieve may be ceramic fibers or the like. They are for example assembled according to a needling technique, well known in the field of producing felts based on textile fibers.
Le dispositif de combustion catalytique 17 est logé dans une structure profilée 18, liée à un élément 18b solidaire d'un support 18c sur lequel est disposé un module de commande et de contrôle 22, dont la fonction sera définie ci-dessous, et auquel est connectée une sonde thermique 23, logée dans la chambre de combustion catalytique 15.The catalytic combustion device 17 is housed in a profiled structure 18, linked to an element 18b integral with a support 18c on which is disposed a control and control module 22, whose function will be defined below, and which is connected a thermal probe 23, housed in the catalytic combustion chamber 15.
Un injecteur calibré 20 est connecté à une vanne de commande 21 qui est couplée au diffuseur de gaz combustible 16. Ce diffuseur de gaz combustible 16 comprend avantageusement une pièce tubulaire comportant un certain nombre d'ouvertures qui permettent de répartir sensiblement uniformément le flux principal d'arrivée du gaz combustible en une pluralité de flux secondaires. D'autres constructions ayant les mêmes fonctions pourraient être réalisées.A calibrated injector 20 is connected to a control valve 21 which is coupled to the fuel gas diffuser 16. This fuel gas diffuser 16 advantageously comprises a tubular part having a certain number of openings which make it possible to substantially uniformly distribute the main flow of fuel. arrival of the fuel gas into a plurality of secondary streams. Other constructions having the same functions could be realized.
Le support 18c porte également une tubulure d'amenée 24, raccordée à la vanne de commande 21 et connectée au diffuseur de gaz combustible 16, pour l'alimenter en dihydrogène. Cet ensemble est monté sur un profilé en forme de cornière 18d qui est fixé aux parois latérales périphériques 12a du caisson 12.The support 18c also carries a supply pipe 24, connected to the control valve 21 and connected to the fuel gas diffuser 16, to supply it with hydrogen. This assembly is mounted on an angle profile 18d which is fixed to the peripheral side walls 12a of the box 12.
La cellule catalytique 11 est en outre fermée par un couvercle interne 19 sensiblement parallèle au couvercle externe 13 et disposé sous de ce dernier. Ce couvercle interne 19 est de préférence monté sur les parois latérales périphériques 12a.The catalytic cell 11 is further closed by an inner cover 19 substantially parallel to the outer cover 13 and disposed under the latter. This inner cover 19 is preferably mounted on the peripheral side walls 12a.
L'appareil 10 est un appareil de chauffage oxydant de dihydrogène (H2), le gaz combustible étant fourni par une source extérieure de dihydrogène sous pression (non représentée). L'alimentation en dihydrogène s'effectue à travers l'injecteur calibré 20 et la vanne de commande 21 dont la sortie est couplée au diffuseur de gaz combustible 16. Ce diffuseur de gaz combustible 16 dirige le dihydrogène vers le dispositif de combustion catalytique qui comprend la structure de diffusion homogène 17b et le catalyseur 17a où se produit son oxydation catalytique. Cette oxydation qui s'effectue sur le catalyseur 17a est à l'origine du rayonnement thermique infrarouge de l'appareil de chauffage et le seul "déchet" produit par cette combustion est un dégagement de vapeur d'eau (H2O).The apparatus 10 is a dihydrogen (H2) oxidizing heater, the fuel gas being supplied from an external source of dihydrogen under pressure (not shown). The supply of hydrogen is through the calibrated injector 20 and the control valve 21 whose output is coupled to the fuel gas diffuser 16. This combustible gas diffuser 16 directs the hydrogen to the catalytic combustion device which comprises the homogeneous diffusion structure 17b and the catalyst 17a where its catalytic oxidation occurs. This oxidation which is carried out on the catalyst 17a is at the origin of the infrared heat radiation of the heating apparatus and the only "waste" produced by this combustion is a release of water vapor (H2O).
La figure 3A représente une vue en coupe transversale partielle de la cellule catalytique 11 , illustrant en particulier le catalyseur 17a qui est porté par le profilé en forme de cornière 18d (voir figure 2), la structure de diffusion homogène 17b, la tubulure d'amenée 24 du dihydrogène au diffuseur de gaz 16, et la sonde thermique 23.FIG. 3A shows a partial cross-sectional view of the catalytic cell 11, illustrating in particular the catalyst 17a which is carried by the angle-shaped profile 18d (see FIG. 2), the homogeneous diffusion structure 17b, the tubing of FIG. supplied 24 of the hydrogen to the gas diffuser 16, and the thermal probe 23.
La figure 3B représente une vue en plan de la grille externe 14 qui est constituée d'un maillage largement ouvert pour protéger la chambre de combustion catalytique 15, et en particulier le catalyseur 17a, et pour laisser passer le rayonnement infrarouge.Figure 3B shows a plan view of the outer gate 14 which consists of a wide open mesh to protect the catalytic combustion chamber 15, and in particular the catalyst 17a, and to pass the infrared radiation.
La figure 3C représente une vue en plan du support 18c qui ferme la chambre de combustion catalytique 15. Ce support 18c comporte deux ouvertures 23a et 24a agencées pour le passage respectivement de la sonde thermique 23 et celui de la tubulure 24. Ce support est avantageusement réalisé au moyen d'une tôle métallique. La figure 4 est un diagramme de fonctionnement de l'appareil 10 décrit ci-dessus. Si l'appareil enregistre une demande extérieure de chaleur Ph1, celle-ci génère une activation de l'alimentation électrique 30 de l'appareil et plus précisément une activation Ph2 du module de commande et de contrôle 22 de l'appareil. Le module commande et de contrôle 22 effectue une première vérification qui consiste à déterminer si le temps t est OUI ou NON inférieur au temps de mise en marche to de l'appareil. En cas de réponse affirmative, la phase d'ouverture Ph3 de la vanne de commande du gaz 21 est activée et le diffuseur de gaz est alimenté. En cas de réponse négative, une deuxième vérification est effectuée consistant à déterminer si OUI ou NON la température T est supérieure à la température To. En cas de réponse affirmative, la vanne de commande du gaz 21 est enclenchée. En cas de réponse négative, un ordre de mise en panne Ph4 est transmis au module de commande et de contrôle 22 de l'appareil. Lorsque la vanne de commande du gaz 21 est ouverte, une vérification de la température interne est effectuée par la sonde thermique 23, par exemple un thermocouple, qui transmet un signal destiné, le cas échéant, à arrêter l'alimentation en gaz.FIG. 3C represents a plan view of the support 18c which closes the catalytic combustion chamber 15. This support 18c comprises two openings 23a and 24a arranged for the passage respectively of the thermal probe 23 and that of the tubing 24. This support is advantageously realized by means of a metal sheet. Figure 4 is an operating diagram of the apparatus 10 described above. If the device records an external heat demand Ph1, it generates an activation of the power supply 30 of the device and more specifically a Ph2 activation of the control and control module 22 of the device. The command and control module 22 performs a first check which consists of determining whether the time t is YES or NO less than the start time to the device. In case of an affirmative response, the opening phase Ph3 of the gas control valve 21 is activated and the gas diffuser is energized. In the case of a negative response, a second check is made to determine whether YES or NO the temperature T is greater than the temperature To. If the answer is yes, the gas control valve 21 is engaged. In the event of a negative response, a fault command Ph4 is transmitted to the command and control module 22 of the device. When the gas control valve 21 is open, a verification of the internal temperature is performed by the thermal probe 23, for example a thermocouple, which transmits a signal intended, if necessary, to stop the gas supply.
L'appareil de chauffage décrit n'est pas strictement limité à la forme de réalisation décrite et représentée, mais pourrait être construit de diverses manières. Notamment, il pourrait comporter plusieurs cellules catalytiques individuelles, leur forme et leur disposition pourraient être variées en fonction des besoins de l'application. En outre, toute la structure de support des composants pourrait être réalisée différemment. Toutes ces variantes restent cependant inscrites dans le cadre de la présente invention et ne sortent pas du domaine de compétence de l'homme du métier. The described heater is not strictly limited to the embodiment described and shown, but could be constructed in a variety of ways. In particular, it could comprise several individual catalytic cells, their shape and their disposition could be varied according to the needs of the application. In addition, the entire support structure of the components could be performed differently. All these variants, however, remain within the scope of the present invention and do not fall outside the field of competence of those skilled in the art.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Appareil de chauffage radiant du type catalytique (10) utilisant un gaz combustible, comportant au moins une cellule catalytique (11) qui comprend une chambre de combustion catalytique (15), un diffuseur (16) dudit gaz combustible qui débouche dans ladite chambre de combustion catalytique (15) et un dispositif de combustion catalytique (17) monté dans ladite chambre de combustion catalytique et agencé pour oxyder ledit gaz injecté dans la chambre de combustion catalytique (15) et générer un rayonnement thermique, caractérisé en ce que ledit gaz combustible est de l'hydrogène gazeux, et en ce que ledit dispositif de combustion catalytique (17) comprend une structure de diffusion (17b) dudit gaz combustible combiné à un catalyseur (17a) comprenant au moins un élément traité d'un matériau catalyseur, ladite structure de diffusion (17b) dudit gaz combustible étant agencée pour diffuser ledit gaz combustible de façon homogène sur ledit catalyseur (17a).A radiant heater of the catalytic type (10) using a fuel gas, comprising at least one catalytic cell (11) which comprises a catalytic combustion chamber (15), a diffuser (16) of said fuel gas which opens into said chamber catalytic combustion device (15) and a catalytic combustion device (17) mounted in said catalytic combustion chamber and arranged to oxidize said injected gas in the catalytic combustion chamber (15) and generate thermal radiation, characterized in that said gas fuel is hydrogen gas, and in that said catalytic combustion device (17) comprises a diffusion structure (17b) of said fuel gas combined with a catalyst (17a) comprising at least one treated element of a catalyst material, said diffusion structure (17b) of said fuel gas being arranged to distribute said fuel gas homogeneously on said catalyst (17a).
2. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ladite structure de diffusion (17b) comporte au moins un tamis poreux agencé pour assurer une distribution sensiblement homogène dudit gaz combustible, ledit tamis poreux comportant au moins une couche de fibres résistant aux hautes températures.2. Heating apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said diffusion structure (17b) comprises at least one porous sieve arranged to ensure a substantially homogeneous distribution of said fuel gas, said porous sieve having at least one layer of fibers resistant to high temperatures.
3. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre des moyens agencés pour commander automatiquement l'enclenchement et/ou le déclenchement dudit appareil de chauffage en fonction de la température ambiante, et en ce que lesdits moyens comprennent à la fois des moyens agencés pour commander et contrôler l'alimentation en gaz combustible et des moyens agencés pour contrôler îa température interne de la chambre de combustion catalytique (15). 3. Heating apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises means arranged to automatically control the engagement and / or tripping of said heating apparatus as a function of the ambient temperature, and in that said means comprise both means arranged to control and control the supply of fuel gas and means arranged to control the internal temperature of the catalytic combustion chamber (15).
4. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ledit catalyseur (17a) est constitué d'au moins deux couches superposées de matériau catalyseur.4. Heating apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said catalyst (17a) consists of at least two superimposed layers of catalyst material.
5. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ladite structure de diffusion (17b) est directement juxtaposée audit catalyseur (17a).5. Heating apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said diffusion structure (17b) is directly juxtaposed to said catalyst (17a).
6. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la cellule catalytique (11) est fermée par un couvercle interne (19) sensiblement parallèle à un couvercle externe (13) et disposé en dessous de ce dernier.6. Heating apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the catalytic cell (11) is closed by an inner cover (19) substantially parallel to an outer cover (13) and disposed below the latter.
7. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle interne (19) est monté sur des parois latérales périphériques (12a) d'un caisson (12) qui est fermé par le couvercle externe (13) et par une grille externe (14).Heating apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the inner cover (19) is mounted on peripheral side walls (12a) of a box (12) which is closed by the outer cover (13) and by a external grid (14).
8. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ledit diffuseur de gaz combustible (16) est connecté à une tubulure d'amenée (24) couplée à la sortie d'une vanne de commande (21) dont l'entrée est liée à un injecteur calibré (20).8. Heating apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said combustible gas diffuser (16) is connected to a supply pipe (24) coupled to the outlet of a control valve (21) whose inlet is linked to a calibrated injector (20).
9. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens agencés pour commander et contrôler l'alimentation en gaz hydrogène, comportent un module autonome de commande et de contrôle (22) de l'alimentation en gaz hydrogène porté par un support (18c) disposé dans la cellule catalytique (11 ).9. Heating apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that said means arranged to control and control the supply of hydrogen gas comprises an autonomous control module and control (22) of the supply of hydrogen gas carried by a support (18c) disposed in the catalytic cell (11).
10. Appareil de chauffage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens agencés pour contrôler la température interne de la chambre de combustion catalytique (15) comportent une sonde thermique (23), connectée audit module autonome de commande et de contrôle (22) de l'alimentation en gaz hydrogène. 10. Heating apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that said means arranged to control the internal temperature of the catalytic combustion chamber (15) comprise a thermal probe (23), connected to said autonomous control and control module (22). ) of the hydrogen gas supply.
EP09716159A 2008-02-27 2009-02-25 Catalytic radiating heating appliance Withdrawn EP2245368A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2802008 2008-02-27
PCT/CH2009/000076 WO2009105907A1 (en) 2008-02-27 2009-02-25 Catalytic radiating heating appliance

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CN102944012A (en) * 2012-11-27 2013-02-27 江苏中靖新能源科技有限公司 Non-ignition catalyst heater using hydrogen as fuel

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FR1122565A (en) * 1955-04-13 1956-09-10 Hydrocarbon catalysis process, and applications permitted by this process
ES309919A1 (en) * 1964-06-09 1965-12-16 Lemeret Louis Safety device for catalytic oxidation heating appliances acting on the basis of eventual air pollution. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
JPS61147014A (en) * 1984-12-21 1986-07-04 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Catalytic burner
EP0389652A1 (en) * 1989-03-28 1990-10-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Catalytic heating panel
IE903998A1 (en) * 1990-11-06 1992-05-22 Advanced Ceramics Ltd A catalytic heating element
AU2002359565A1 (en) * 2001-12-03 2003-06-17 New England Catalytic Technologies, Inc. Method of preheating catalytic heaters

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Title
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