EP2242932A1 - Ventilateur méridional - Google Patents

Ventilateur méridional

Info

Publication number
EP2242932A1
EP2242932A1 EP09701751A EP09701751A EP2242932A1 EP 2242932 A1 EP2242932 A1 EP 2242932A1 EP 09701751 A EP09701751 A EP 09701751A EP 09701751 A EP09701751 A EP 09701751A EP 2242932 A1 EP2242932 A1 EP 2242932A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan
tip
fan according
blade
width
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09701751A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2242932B1 (fr
Inventor
Anthony Geoffrey Sheard
Allessandro Corsini
Franco Rispoli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Howden Axial Fans AB
Original Assignee
Flakt Woods Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Flakt Woods Ltd filed Critical Flakt Woods Ltd
Publication of EP2242932A1 publication Critical patent/EP2242932A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2242932B1 publication Critical patent/EP2242932B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/38—Blades
    • F04D29/384—Blades characterised by form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
    • F04D29/681—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to meridional fans, particularly but not exclusively, to axial flow fans for large scale air ventilation and/or heating purposes in industrial buildings, industrial air conditioning units, underground railway systems and similar large infrastructures.
  • Such fans are typically located in a duct system and it is desirable for efficiency purposes for the area swept by the fan blades to be located in a cylindrical ring part of the duct system with a minimal clearance between the tips of the fan blades and the surface of the cylindrical ring.
  • the outer surface of the tips of the fan blades have a contour in the form of an arc corresponding to the circle swept by the fan blades.
  • the fan aerodynamic work input establishes a higher pressure downstream of the fan than upstream.
  • the pressure rise is obtained by means of aerodynamic forces at play when the air flows about the rotor blades.
  • Owing to the design of the blade a pressure difference is established between the blade pressure surface or side and its suction surface or side. The result of this pressure difference means that air tends to spill back over the tip of the fan from the high pressure to the low-pressure side. This air movement reduces the efficiency of the fan and also increases the noise generated by the fan.
  • a known method for reducing the amount of flow back air is to keep the gap between the fan tips and the cylindrical ring to a minimum and also to extend the length of the gap by incorporating on the tip of each blade an extending flange which increases the length of the gap in the direction of the leakage flow and thereby increases the resistance to flow back through the gap.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an improved form of a fan blade tip which increases the efficiency of the fan and at the same time reduces the noise generated by the fan.
  • the fan tips have, in the past, been made as a uniform as possible, but it has now, surprisingly, been discovered that a non uniform profile for certain sections of the blade tip can be advantageous in increasing the efficiency of the fan, reducing the power required to drive the fan at a given speed and pressure, and at the same time reducing the noise generated by the fan.
  • the uniform profile of the known conventional blade tips lead to the generation of tight vortices at the blade tip and it is believed that these vortices, when they reach a critical state suddenly expand very rapidly, to the extent of provoking vortex bursting or collapse, which generates a great deal of turbulence. This adverse effect is amplified if the vortices impinge on an adjacent fan blade at which point they burst on impact.
  • a meridional fan adapted to be rotatably mounted in a duct ring of circular cross section for impelling air through the duct, and having a plurality of fan blades with peripheral blade tips having a width defining an arc with a circumferential extent describing, in operation, a circular path adjacent the duct ring, the blade tips each having a leading edge, a trailing edge and a tip outer surface, a leakage path being formed between the tip outer surface and the duct ring, at least one of the edges and/or the outer surface having a non-uniform profile for influencing the flow of air through the flow leakage path, wherein the or each tip has a flange extending in the axial direction on the downstream, high pressure side of the fan, which increases the length of the leakage flow path.
  • the axial extent of the flange varies along the width of the blade tip.
  • the trailing edge of the blade tip includes a stepped shoulder extending at least partially across the width of the blade tip.
  • the stepped shoulder consists of a plurality of stepped recesses spaced across the width of the blade tip. These stepped recesses preferably are regularly spaced, but may be irregularly spaced.
  • the outer tip surface has a non-uniform profile in the circumferential direction.
  • the non-uniform profile may be formed by undulations or by grooves or a mixture thereof in the outer surface.
  • the undulations and grooves may extend partially or completely along the axial extent of the outer surface.
  • the fan tip includes a plurality of holes or perforations.
  • Figure 2 shows a radially inward view of a fan blade
  • Figure 3 shows an axial section of a fan blade and the cylindrical casing
  • Figure 4 shows a scrap of view of a fan blade in the direction of the Arrow B shown in Figure 3,
  • Figure 5 shows a scrap view of the trailing edge of a fan blade
  • Figure 6 shows a corresponding view of the trailing edge of a further embodiment
  • Figure 7 shows a scrap view of the outer surface of a further embodiment of blade tip.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an axial view of an axial flow fan having four fan blades 2 mounted for rotation about an axis 1 of a cylindrical ring part 3 of a duct system of an air ventilation system.
  • the area swept by the fan is such that the blade tips 4 are very close to the cylindrical ring 3 with only a minimal gap there between.
  • the outer surfaces of the blade tips 4 have an arcuate contour defined by the circle swept by the blades 2.
  • the fan blade has on its tip a flange 5 serving to increase the circumferential extent of the gap between the outer surface of the tip and the cylindrical ring 3 to increase the resistance of airflow through the gap.
  • the edge 6 of the flange 5 has a undulating, non-uniform profile in the circumferential direction and at one end of the tip the outer surface is cut away to provide a non-uniform outer surface for the tip.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a schematic cross-section through the axis of the fan and cylindrical ring 3 illustrating the peripheral flange 5 with its non-uniform leading edge 6.
  • the flange extends axially downstream on the high pressure side of the fan blade.
  • the effect of the high pressure on the blade pressure side means that air tends to spill backwards at the periphery of the fan tips through the gap between the fan tip 4 and the cylindrical ring 3 as illustrated by the arrow 7.
  • the gap thus forms a leakage flow path for air to flow from the high pressure, downstream side of the blade back to the upstream low pressure side and it is desirable to reduce this flow to a minimum.
  • the maximum pressure on the downside of the fan occurs in the boundary layer adjacent the fan face.
  • Centrifugal force tends to drive the boundary layer up towards the fan tip and it has been found is that with the flange the boundary layer is deflected and dissipated with the effect that the pressure at the entrance to the leakage path is lower than it otherwise would be.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a scrap view of a fan blade 2 and its tip 4 in the direction of the arrow B in which the outer surface 8 of the tip has a non uniform profile in the circumferential direction formed by undulations. These undulations may be regular or irregular in size.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a schematic view of the fan blade tip 4 having on the low-pressure side a series of cutaway stepped shoulders 9 or recesses which serve to decelerate abruptly the airflow as it exits the gap between the blade tip 4 and the cylindrical ring 3.
  • These recesses may be regularly spaced, of a regular size or may be irregularly spaced and irregularly sized.
  • Figure 6 illustrates an alternative embodiment of a rear view of the blade tip in which a continuous stepped shoulder 9 is provided across the full width of the fan blade.
  • the peripherally extending flange 5 has a non-uniform dimension in the circumferential direction formed by a gradual curving of the leading edge 6.
  • the variation in the circumferential extent of the flange may be formed in a stepped manner with regular or irregularly spaced steps.
  • Figure 7 shows a further embodiment in which the outer surface of the forwardly extending flange has a plurality of spaced recesses or grooves which may or may not extend through to the leading edge or trailing edge of the outer surface.
  • the different methods of providing a non-uniform profile for the outer surface, leading and trailing edges of the blade tip may be used individually or in any combination depending upon the particular size, design speed, number of blades etc of a particular fan.
  • the specific embodiment shows a fan with four blades, it will be understood that the number of blades may vary depending upon the design parameters of the particular installation.
  • Other forms of non-uniformity such as a circumferential channel in the outer surface of the tip, may be provided.
  • the described embodiment is an axial flow fan, the invention is also applicable to mixed flow fans. In such applications, the duct ring is not necessarily cylindrical but could be conical or have a diameter that increases exponentially.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un ventilateur axial apte à être monté en rotation dans un conduit cylindrique annulaire (3), lequel ventilateur comporte une pluralité de pales de ventilateur (2) avec des extrémités de pale périphériques (4) décrivant, lors du fonctionnement, un trajet circulaire adjacent au conduit annulaire (3). Les extrémités de pale présentent chacune un bord d'attaque (6) sur la direction axiale, un bord de fuite (9) et une surface externe d'extrémité, au moins l'un des bords et/ou de la surface externe présentant un profil non uniforme pour influencer l'écoulement d'air sur ladite surface externe d'extrémité.
EP09701751.1A 2008-01-14 2009-01-13 Ventilateur méridional Active EP2242932B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0800582A GB2452104B (en) 2008-01-14 2008-01-14 A meridional fan
PCT/GB2009/000088 WO2009090376A1 (fr) 2008-01-14 2009-01-13 Ventilateur méridional

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2242932A1 true EP2242932A1 (fr) 2010-10-27
EP2242932B1 EP2242932B1 (fr) 2017-07-12

Family

ID=39144868

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09701751.1A Active EP2242932B1 (fr) 2008-01-14 2009-01-13 Ventilateur méridional

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2242932B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2636989T3 (fr)
GB (1) GB2452104B (fr)
WO (1) WO2009090376A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3168481A4 (fr) * 2014-07-08 2018-03-14 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Ventilateur hélicoïdal et unité de soufflante

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI443262B (zh) * 2010-12-29 2014-07-01 Delta Electronics Inc 風扇及其葉輪
EP2530330B1 (fr) * 2011-06-01 2016-05-25 MTU Aero Engines AG Aube directrice pour un compresseur d'une turbomachine, compresseur et turbomachine
CN108087330A (zh) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-29 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 叶片结构及具有其的空调器

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5115210A (en) * 1974-07-02 1976-02-06 Rotoron Inc Zatsuongenshono fuan
DE3017226A1 (de) * 1979-05-12 1980-11-20 Papst Motoren Kg Ventilatorlaufrad
DE3234011A1 (de) * 1982-09-14 1984-03-15 Braun Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Axialluefter
JPS59185898A (ja) * 1983-04-08 1984-10-22 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd フアンブレ−ド
SU1339308A1 (ru) * 1986-04-14 1987-09-23 Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский И Проектно-Конструкторский Институт По Оборудованию Для Кондиционирования Воздуха И Вентиляции Рабоча лопатка осевого вентил тора
JPH01106998A (ja) * 1987-10-20 1989-04-24 Seiko Electronic Components Ltd 軸流送風機のフアン形状
FR2753495B1 (fr) * 1996-09-19 1998-11-13 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa Ventilateur, en particulier pour appareil de refroidissement et/ou chauffage et/ou climatisation de vehicule automobile
JPH10148199A (ja) * 1996-11-18 1998-06-02 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 軸流ファン装置
US6626640B2 (en) * 2001-11-19 2003-09-30 Durmitor Inc. Fan with reduced noise
DE10352253A1 (de) * 2003-11-08 2005-06-09 Alstom Technology Ltd Verdichterlaufschaufel
US20060034697A1 (en) * 2004-08-12 2006-02-16 Cheng-Kang Chen Propeller structure of a fan

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2009090376A1 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3168481A4 (fr) * 2014-07-08 2018-03-14 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Ventilateur hélicoïdal et unité de soufflante
US10422349B2 (en) 2014-07-08 2019-09-24 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Propeller fan and blower unit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2009090376A1 (fr) 2009-07-23
EP2242932B1 (fr) 2017-07-12
GB0800582D0 (en) 2008-02-20
GB2452104B (en) 2009-07-22
GB2452104A (en) 2009-02-25
ES2636989T3 (es) 2017-10-10

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