EP2233877A1 - Ballistisches Element und Panzeranordnung, ein solches Ballistisches Element umfassend - Google Patents

Ballistisches Element und Panzeranordnung, ein solches Ballistisches Element umfassend Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2233877A1
EP2233877A1 EP09425121A EP09425121A EP2233877A1 EP 2233877 A1 EP2233877 A1 EP 2233877A1 EP 09425121 A EP09425121 A EP 09425121A EP 09425121 A EP09425121 A EP 09425121A EP 2233877 A1 EP2233877 A1 EP 2233877A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ballistic element
tiles
ballistic
layers
armoured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09425121A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Enzo Giambartolomei
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merin Srl
Original Assignee
Merin Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merin Srl filed Critical Merin Srl
Priority to EP09425121A priority Critical patent/EP2233877A1/de
Publication of EP2233877A1 publication Critical patent/EP2233877A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
    • F41H5/0428—Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ballistic element, i.e. to an anti-ballistic protective panel used for forming an armoured structures for providing protection to fixed or mobile apparatus from penetrating projectiles or from splinters deriving from explosive warhead.
  • Fixed apparatus means e.g. a protective structure for block posts, guard post, casements and so on.
  • Mobile apparatus means any ground, air or naval vehicle such as armoured cars, tanks, aeroplanes, helicopters, ships and so on.
  • These elements are normally formed by a support frame, normally metallic, and by a ceramic armoured structure incorporating a plurality of sided ceramic tiles and a filler, e.g. elastomeric or polymeric, possibly containing fibres.
  • the metallic frame can consists of a composite coating, e.g. a rubberized fabric or pre-impregnated with a resin.
  • a support layer could be provided for dispersing impact energy, known as backing.
  • a support layer could be provided for dispersing impact energy, known as backing.
  • such dispersion layer is place at the back side of the panel, i.e. the one opposed to panel's face exposed to the impact with projectiles, slivers and splinters.
  • a factor which can limit the use of the ballistic elements in general is their weight, that should not exceed certain limits, above all when these elements are applied to mobile means.
  • Such parameter is not as relevant as in the fixed structures, but it is anyhow desirable to have a stronger protection, the thickness of the ballistic element being the same.
  • the technical problem underlying the present invention consist in overcoming the problems which limits the spreading of ballistic elements and of the armoured structures containing them.
  • an armoured element as above defined, comprising at least two overlapping layers formed by sided ceramic tiles, an interface being provided between said at least two layers, said interface comprising a space filled with an elastomeric material and having a tilt with respect to longitudinal and/or transverse development of the armoured structure.
  • the invention refers to an armoured structure as above mentioned, incorporating a ballistic element according to the previous definition.
  • the ceramic tiles forming the ballistic element could be anyhow shaped, i.e. for example, they could be substantially flat and optionally squared, rectangular, triangular or hexagonal and realized e.g. in an alumina or Silicon or Boron carbide based sintered material or other similar materials.
  • the elastomeric material could be vulcanized rubber, but can also advantageously consist of thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers, of vulcanized rubberized fabrics, pre-impregnated fabrics (prepreg) with thermosetting resins and so on.
  • the operating principle of the armoured structure consists in inducing a substantial diffraction of the shock wave deriving from the impact of a projectile, diffraction provided in correspondence of said interface owing the partial fragmentation of the ceramic layers, the entity of fragmentation varying from the projectile entry face to the rear region, i.e. the other side of the elastomeric interface, and causing the greater expansion of the shock wave due to the enlargement of wave front itself.
  • the tilted surface produces a substantial destabilization of the incident projectile, crossing the ceramic layers next to the first one with a greater penetration section, and thus less effective in terms of penetration depth.
  • the elastomeric material has the ability to keep the ceramic material together even if it is fragmented, thus preventing a drastic loss of functionality of the panel.
  • a ballistic element is overall shown with the reference number 1.
  • the ballistic element 1 could be anyhow shaped and sized and also be curved owing to the shape of the ceramic tiles.
  • the armoured structure composed by more of said elements 1 is wrapped in a adhesive layer 12 allowing to assemble a plurality of tiles made of ceramic material together with other elements of a ballistic panel that will be better described in detail in the following.
  • the ceramic material is preferably containing a sintered material such as alumina, or other materials such as carbides, nitrides and other similar materials.
  • a suitable material for this purpose is a ceramic known with the trade name of CERASHIELD, manufactured by COORSTEK. It should be understood that any other ceramic material suitable for this kind of application can be used.
  • the ballistic element 1 is substantially formed by two overlapped ceramic layers, each formed by an arrangement of ceramic tiles 3.
  • Such element 1 thus comprises a first layer 4 formed by sided ceramic tiles 3, forming the exposed layer in correspondence of the front side of the element 1, i.e. the one meant to be exposed to possible projectiles, slivers, splinters and so on.
  • the element 1 comprises a second layer 5 formed by sided ceramic tiles 3 above the previous layer, in correspondence of the rear side of the element 1, not shown in figure 1 .
  • the tiles 3 of each layer are separated by escapes 6, or an interface with minimum or null width, for providing the more possible continuity of each layer 4, 5.
  • said escapes 6 of the first and of the second layer are not overlapped, as the tiles 3 of each layer 4, 5 are disposed substantially staggered between them. This could obviously involve tiles with different sizes disposed in correspondence of the edges of the element 1, in order to compensate such staggered arrangement.
  • said layers 4, 5 are overlapped, defining an interface between them comprising a space 7 filled with a shim of elastomeric material.
  • the tiles 3 shape, and in particular the shape of the facing and conjugate surface of the tiles 3 of the two layers, is such that said interface is continuously tilted with respect to the longitudinal and transversal development of the element 1 and thus of the armoured structure composed therefrom, as well as with respect to the vertical of said longitudinal and transversal development, substantially concordant, at least in principle, with the firing direction of the projectiles that will impact the armoured structure.
  • Said continuous tilt is obtained by the fact that said tiles conjugate surfaces are tilted with reference to the longitudinal and/or transversal development of each tile.
  • said surfaces are substantially bossed, with portions with specular tilt the one to the other.
  • the surfaces facing the tiles 3 of said layers 4, 5 has projections and recesses, e.g. tips, which are respectively complementary so as to form a tilted interface substantially continuously.
  • said projections and said recesses serve also as guides for assembling the tiles.
  • said projections and said recesses could have an identical pattern, infinitely repeated on the entire surface of the sided layers 4, 5.
  • the projections and recesses shape is substantially a cusp, i.e. a pyramid with a base that may contain the whole tile 3 extension.
  • the cusp is formed by a four triangular faces pyramid.
  • the squared tile 3 has four square based pyramid shape cusps 8 on the face of the tile intended to be directed towards the complementary tile thereof.
  • the complementary tile 3 will therefore have four complementary recesses.
  • the cusp shape is merely one of the possible shapes suitable for providing a continuously tilted interface surface.
  • the saw tooth can also has a different profile, e.g. a right triangle.
  • the structure 10 comprises a ballistic element 1 that, in the present example, is shaped by the layers of the overlapped tiles 3 and separated by a interface preferably in an material elastomeric.
  • a coating which, in the present exemplificative embodiment, it is formed by a flexible coating 11 wrapping the entire structure 1, having in correspondence of its front and rear faces, an adhesive layer 12.
  • a dispersion layer 13 or backing is placed, suitable for absorbing the energy associated to a projectile impact.
  • Such dispersion layer 13 can be manufactured in many ways. E.g., it can comprise layers in pre-impregnated aramidic fabric, in particular Kevlar ® , cured in autoclave or rubberized aramidic fabric, vulcanized in autoclave.
  • the coating has the function of a frame and can be realized in pre-impregnated or rubberized aramidic fabric, cured or vulcanized in autoclave. It is placed in a such way that to completely wrap the armoured structure 10 and the backing 13, the latter having a further adhesive layer 12 on its rear side.
  • the elastomeric material, the adhesive, the coating and optionally the backing itself share e.g. the rubberized component, they could become integral the one to the other in a successive vulcanization step.
  • said front side could be covered by a covering layer, having an aesthetic function, mimetic and/or protective. It can be formed by a metallic plate, by a high strength fabric layer, by a pre-impregnated material layer and so on, or by a combination of two or more of the above mentioned covering layers.
  • the elastomeric material could be vulcanized rubber, thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers, or it can comprise vulcanized rubberized fabrics, pre-impregnated fabrics (prepreg) with thermosetting resins and so on.
  • such fabric could be a Kevlar ® , rubberized or impregnated with suitable materials fabric.
  • the tilt of said interface could be any, provided that it is significantly different from 90°.
  • a perfectly suitable tilt could be comprised between 10° and 80°.
  • the thickness of the interface could be of the order of 1 mm.
EP09425121A 2009-03-27 2009-03-27 Ballistisches Element und Panzeranordnung, ein solches Ballistisches Element umfassend Withdrawn EP2233877A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09425121A EP2233877A1 (de) 2009-03-27 2009-03-27 Ballistisches Element und Panzeranordnung, ein solches Ballistisches Element umfassend

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09425121A EP2233877A1 (de) 2009-03-27 2009-03-27 Ballistisches Element und Panzeranordnung, ein solches Ballistisches Element umfassend

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2233877A1 true EP2233877A1 (de) 2010-09-29

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EP09425121A Withdrawn EP2233877A1 (de) 2009-03-27 2009-03-27 Ballistisches Element und Panzeranordnung, ein solches Ballistisches Element umfassend

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2459174C1 (ru) * 2011-03-09 2012-08-20 Закрытое акционерное общество "Кираса" Керамический бронеэлемент и композитная броня на его основе
WO2012063271A3 (en) * 2010-11-10 2012-12-20 Petroceramics S.P.A. Antiballistic element
US10286623B2 (en) * 2015-06-15 2019-05-14 Lockheed Martin Corporation Composite materials with tapered reinforcements

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3684631A (en) * 1969-12-12 1972-08-15 Textron Inc Glass armor fabrication
DE4125918A1 (de) * 1990-08-07 1992-02-13 Ficht Gmbh Beschusssichere panzerplatte in verbundbauweise
WO2007001433A2 (en) * 2004-10-25 2007-01-04 Biomed Solutions, Llc Multi-layer armor having lateral shock transfer
DE102005050981A1 (de) * 2005-10-25 2007-04-26 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Verbundpanzerplatte

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3684631A (en) * 1969-12-12 1972-08-15 Textron Inc Glass armor fabrication
DE4125918A1 (de) * 1990-08-07 1992-02-13 Ficht Gmbh Beschusssichere panzerplatte in verbundbauweise
WO2007001433A2 (en) * 2004-10-25 2007-01-04 Biomed Solutions, Llc Multi-layer armor having lateral shock transfer
DE102005050981A1 (de) * 2005-10-25 2007-04-26 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Verbundpanzerplatte

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012063271A3 (en) * 2010-11-10 2012-12-20 Petroceramics S.P.A. Antiballistic element
RU2459174C1 (ru) * 2011-03-09 2012-08-20 Закрытое акционерное общество "Кираса" Керамический бронеэлемент и композитная броня на его основе
US10286623B2 (en) * 2015-06-15 2019-05-14 Lockheed Martin Corporation Composite materials with tapered reinforcements

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