EP2224124A1 - Glühkerzensteuereinheit für Fahrzeuge - Google Patents

Glühkerzensteuereinheit für Fahrzeuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2224124A1
EP2224124A1 EP09100156A EP09100156A EP2224124A1 EP 2224124 A1 EP2224124 A1 EP 2224124A1 EP 09100156 A EP09100156 A EP 09100156A EP 09100156 A EP09100156 A EP 09100156A EP 2224124 A1 EP2224124 A1 EP 2224124A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pwm signals
glow plug
plug controller
pwm
frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP09100156A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rainer Moritz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority to EP09100156A priority Critical patent/EP2224124A1/de
Priority to CN201010126191A priority patent/CN101818714A/zh
Publication of EP2224124A1 publication Critical patent/EP2224124A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/021—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs characterised by power delivery controls
    • F02P19/022—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs characterised by power delivery controls using intermittent current supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2024—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit the control switching a load after time-on and time-off pulses
    • F02D2041/2027—Control of the current by pulse width modulation or duty cycle control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/021—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs characterised by power delivery controls
    • F02P19/023—Individual control of the glow plugs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glow plug controller for a combustion engine.
  • the US 6, 009, 369 A1 discloses a glow plug controller with improved functionality and diagnostics.
  • the glow plug controller uses a known PWM generator which generates a plurality of PWM signals which are sequential in time.
  • the jitter generator used to vary the frequency of the PWM signals uses a pre-stored table containing the offsets for the PWM frequencies which is simple.
  • FIG. 1 Shown in Figure 1 is a glow plug controller 10 receiving engine parameters 18 and delivering PWM signals 31 to 34 to glow plugs 20 to 23 respectively.
  • the glow plug controller 10 further comprises a computation means 12, a sequencing means 14 and a jitter generator 16.
  • the number of PWM signals and the glow plugs may vary depending upon the engine requirements.
  • the computation means 12 receives the engine parameters 18 such as engine temperature, ambient air temperature and pressure, fuel quantity to be injected, intake mass air flow, exhaust gas characteristics, exhaust gas recirculation characteristics etc. to calculate the effective voltage and the timing information 15 for each of the PWM signals 31 to 34.
  • the effective voltage and the timing information 15 are supplied to the sequencing means 14.
  • the sequencing means 14 receives the effective voltage and the timing information 15 and using the same, generates a plurality of PWM signals 31, 32, 33 and 34 which are delivered to the glow plugs.
  • the PWM signals 31, 32, 33 and 34 are continuous in time and have a frequency F.
  • Each of the PWM signals 31, 32, 33 and 34 comprise PWM pulses of time duration T which is 1/F.
  • the time duration T includes both on time and off time of the PWM pulse.
  • the jitter generator 16 when activated by the sequencing means 14 generates different offsets for the time duration T of the PWM signals. Different offsets are added to T in positive and negative directions, keeping the original T at the centre. For example if the original T of the PWM signal is 40 millisecond, different offsets are added to it to generate modified T, for example, of durations 37 msec, 38 msec, 39 msec, 40 msec, 41 msec, 42 msec and 43 msec. The original T is kept at the centre and other values are at equal steps to its left and right sides.
  • the jitter generator may compute the offsets dynamically or it may contain a pre-computed table containing the different time durations of the PWM signals for different conditions.
  • the frequency of the PWM signal is varied so that the rising edge of the PWM pulses keep shifting in both directions.
  • the movement of the rising edges of the PWM pulses is like adding jitter to the original PWM signal. This jitter reduces the peak energy measured in a window on the power lines thereby reducing the Electro Magnetic Interference EMI.
  • the glow plugs 20 to 23 get energised when the PWM signals have high level and get de-energised when the PWM signals have low level.
  • the glow plugs 20 to 23 get heated up when they are energized and help in igniting the fuel injected into the combustion chambers which are not shown.
  • the glow plugs and the glow plug controllers are already known as state of the art. Glow plugs are used to bring the engine temperatures to an operating level where the air and fuel mixture ignites easily on compression, in the diesel combustion engines. Diesel engines are substantially different from the standard spark ignition internal combustion engines. The diesel engine does not have a sparking device such as a standard spark plug. Fuel is ignited when fuel and hot compressed air are mixed in the engine cylinders. For this ignition to occur efficiently, the engine must be brought to a temperature at or above a given minimum operating temperature because a cold diesel engine will not achieve ignition.
  • Glow plugs are used as heaters to heat the diesel engine prior to initial start up. These glow plugs serve to bring the diesel engine to an efficient operating temperature before the engine is started. Ideally glow plugs will rapidly bring a diesel engine to a desired starting temperature. After the engine has started, the glow plugs operate for sufficiently long time to maintain desired engine temperature until engine self-heating reaches an efficient sustainable point. The glow plugs also enable the engine to run smoothly during an initial period and minimize emissions. Once an engine can sustain its operating temperature, the glow plug is turned off.
  • the glow plugs are also used in different engine running conditions to help the ignition of the air fuel mixture or to bring the temperature of the exhaust gases to a predefined value, for example, when the engine needs to run in re-generation mode where the soot in the exhaust pipe needs to be burnt.
  • the temperature of the glow plugs is controlled by controlling the voltage supplied to the glow plugs and also the duration of the voltage supplied to the glow plugs.
  • the computation of the timing requirements is normally done by a glow plug controller based on the engine parameters.
  • the glow plugs are supplied with power from the battery of the vehicle.
  • the computation means 12 in Fig. 1 receives the engine parameters 18 and based on the engine parameters 18, the computation means computes the temperature requirements of the glow plugs and also the timing information. The temperature requirement of the glow plugs is then converted into the effective voltage required for each of the glow plugs to attain the required temperature. The computed effective voltage values and the timing information are supplied to the sequencing means 14. Based on the effective voltage required for each of the glow plugs and the timing information, the sequencing means generates a PWM signal for each of the glow plugs.
  • FIG. 2 shows the PWM signals generated by conventional state of the art glow plug controllers.
  • the PWM signals shown in the graphs 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D are generated by the sequencing means 14, the X axis of the graphs representing the time t and the Y axis representing the voltage V.
  • Each of the PWM signals 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D control one of the glow plugs 20 to 23.
  • the duty cycles of the PWM signals are taken as 50%.
  • the PWM signals are sequential, i.e. at t1 the on period of the first PWM starts. At t2, the on period of first PWM signal ends and the on period of second PWM starts. At t3, the on period of second PWM signal ends and the on period of third PWM signal starts.
  • the on period of third PWM signal ends and the on period of fourth PWM signal starts.
  • the cycle keeps repeating as long as the glow plugs are operational.
  • glow plugs are shown only as an example but the number of glow plugs may vary based on the engine.
  • the graph 2E shows the current waveform as observed on the power lines supplying power to the glow plugs for the above case where the duty cycles of the PWM signals are 50%. From t1 to t2, only glow plug 20 is on, from t2 to t3 only glow plug 21 is on. So from t1 to t3 the current is constant at a level I1. From t3 onwards, at any given time two glow plugs are on. So the current drawn is twice, i.e. 12, constantly.
  • FIG 3 shows the PWM signals generated by conventional state of the art glow plug controllers where the PWM signals have more than 50% duty cycle. For such cases the current drawn will not be constant as there will be overlap of on-periods of different PWM signals at different time slots.
  • the graph 3A, 3B, 3C and 3D are similar to the graphs in Fig. 2 , the only difference being the duty cycles of PWM signals in Fig.3 are more than 50%.
  • the graph 3E shows the current waveform as observed on the lines supplying power to the glow plugs for the above case where the duty cycles of the PWM signals are more than 50%.
  • t1 to t3 current remains at I1
  • t3 to t5 current is at 12
  • t5 a small spike appears for a small duration where the current is at I3 because three glow plugs have on periods.
  • t7 for a small duration of the time the current is at level 13.
  • the cycle repeats as long as the glow plugs are operational.
  • Fig. 4 graph 4A shows the measurement of current in the measuring window W where the spike appears, the X axis representing the time t and the Y axis representing the current 1.
  • the graph 4B shows the energy representation of the graph 4A.
  • a peak level in the energy is observed which corresponds to the spike in the current.
  • the peak energy also represents the Electro Magnetic Interference caused by the glow plug during the measuring window as the EMI is directly proportional to the energy.
  • the glow plugs also cause the EMI because of rapid changes in the current drawn by them from the power supply of the vehicle when the spikes occur. So the glow plugs undergo the EMI test before they are declared safe for use.
  • the invention proposes a method to reduce the peak level of the EMI by varying the frequency of the PWM signals.
  • the graph 5A shows a normal PWM signal where the frequency of the PWM signal is constant, the X axis representing the time and the Y axis representing the voltage.
  • the frequency of the PWM signal is F and the time duration of one PWM pulse is T, the T being 1/F.
  • the graph 5B shows the PWM signal wherein the T of the PWM pulse is varied by varying the frequency F of the PWM signal.
  • the frequency is varied by adding small steps of positive and negative offsets to the frequency F as explained earlier.
  • the resulting PWM signal is shown with dotted lines in graph 5B.
  • the variation of the frequency of the PWM signals is achieved using the jitter generator 16.
  • the jitter generator 16 has a table where different values of T are stored for different frequencies for the PWM signals.
  • the jitter generator 16 when activated provides to the sequencing means, the offsets to be used for the PWM signals based on the current frequency of the PWM signals and also based on engine parameters.
  • the jitter generator may also calculate the offsets in real time.
  • the graph 5C shows the current in the window 'W' where a spike is observed because of the overlap of on periods of different glow plugs. The position of the spike keeps shifting to left and right because of the variation in frequency of PWM signals.
  • the graph 5D shows energy analysis of the graph 5C. Because of the variations in the frequency of PWM signals, the energy contained in the spike gets distributed over a wide range of frequency components, in the measuring window W. The distribution of the energy results in reduction of peak energy level when the frequency of the PWM signal is varied. The reduction of peak energy in the window W will directly reduce the peak EMI level as the EMI is directly proportional to the energy.
  • the glow plugs have a reduced EMI level in a given measuring widow and may easily meet the safety standards set for EMI tests for the glow plugs.
  • the glow plug controller has its own microcontroller and has computation means.
  • the glow plug controller can be realised in an engine control unit which controls the engine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP09100156A 2009-02-27 2009-02-27 Glühkerzensteuereinheit für Fahrzeuge Ceased EP2224124A1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09100156A EP2224124A1 (de) 2009-02-27 2009-02-27 Glühkerzensteuereinheit für Fahrzeuge
CN201010126191A CN101818714A (zh) 2009-02-27 2010-02-26 用于车辆的电热塞控制器

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09100156A EP2224124A1 (de) 2009-02-27 2009-02-27 Glühkerzensteuereinheit für Fahrzeuge

Publications (1)

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EP2224124A1 true EP2224124A1 (de) 2010-09-01

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EP09100156A Ceased EP2224124A1 (de) 2009-02-27 2009-02-27 Glühkerzensteuereinheit für Fahrzeuge

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2224124A1 (de)
CN (1) CN101818714A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100283489A1 (en) * 2009-05-05 2010-11-11 Kernwein Markus Method for Determining the Heating Characteristic of a Glow Plug
US20120168417A1 (en) * 2011-01-04 2012-07-05 Getac Technology Corporation Heating circuit, electronic apparatus, and method for entering operation mode in low-temperature environment
DE102012101999A1 (de) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-12 Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Glühkerze
US9853544B2 (en) 2013-11-25 2017-12-26 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Switching overlap avoidance system for controlling power supply system
ES2648862R1 (es) * 2015-11-18 2018-01-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procedimiento para hacer funcionar y dispositivo para hacer funcionar un número n de bujias de incandescencia

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105589485B (zh) * 2014-10-24 2018-09-18 神讯电脑(昆山)有限公司 控制系统功耗的方法及具有控制系统功耗的电子装置
CN108915911B (zh) * 2018-06-13 2020-05-08 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) 改善柴油机低温低电压启动的进气加温预热塞供电电路
CN109588783A (zh) * 2018-12-26 2019-04-09 深圳市太美亚电子科技有限公司 一种电子香烟的新型加热方法及电子香烟
CN111946524B (zh) * 2019-05-14 2022-05-31 上海夏雪科技有限公司 内燃机的控制方法及装置、计算机可读存储介质

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3916329A (en) * 1974-05-01 1975-10-28 Hekimian Laboratories Inc Time jitter generator
US6164258A (en) * 1998-02-23 2000-12-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Diesel engine starting controller and method
US20050253636A1 (en) * 2004-05-12 2005-11-17 Ta-Yung Yang PWM controller having frequency jitter for power supplies
US20060009369A1 (en) 2000-12-14 2006-01-12 The Clorox Company Cleaning composition
WO2006009523A1 (en) * 2004-07-19 2006-01-26 Cosylab, D.O.O. Method for determining and regulating the glow plug temperature
DE102006010083A1 (de) 2005-09-21 2007-06-06 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Ansteuern einer Gruppe von Glühkerzen in einem Dieselmotor
WO2008110143A1 (de) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-18 Beru Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur glühkerzenerregungssteuerung

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3916329A (en) * 1974-05-01 1975-10-28 Hekimian Laboratories Inc Time jitter generator
US6164258A (en) * 1998-02-23 2000-12-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Diesel engine starting controller and method
US20060009369A1 (en) 2000-12-14 2006-01-12 The Clorox Company Cleaning composition
US20050253636A1 (en) * 2004-05-12 2005-11-17 Ta-Yung Yang PWM controller having frequency jitter for power supplies
WO2006009523A1 (en) * 2004-07-19 2006-01-26 Cosylab, D.O.O. Method for determining and regulating the glow plug temperature
DE102006010083A1 (de) 2005-09-21 2007-06-06 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Ansteuern einer Gruppe von Glühkerzen in einem Dieselmotor
WO2008110143A1 (de) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-18 Beru Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur glühkerzenerregungssteuerung

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100283489A1 (en) * 2009-05-05 2010-11-11 Kernwein Markus Method for Determining the Heating Characteristic of a Glow Plug
US8552751B2 (en) * 2009-05-05 2013-10-08 Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh Method for determining the heating characteristic of a glow plug
US20120168417A1 (en) * 2011-01-04 2012-07-05 Getac Technology Corporation Heating circuit, electronic apparatus, and method for entering operation mode in low-temperature environment
US9684319B2 (en) * 2011-01-04 2017-06-20 Getac Technology Corporation Heating circuit, electronic apparatus, and method for entering operation mode in low-temperature environment
DE102012101999A1 (de) * 2012-03-09 2013-09-12 Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Glühkerze
DE102012101999B4 (de) * 2012-03-09 2016-01-28 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer keramischen Glühkerze
US9853544B2 (en) 2013-11-25 2017-12-26 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Switching overlap avoidance system for controlling power supply system
US10277129B2 (en) 2013-11-25 2019-04-30 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Switching overlap avoidance system for controlling power supply system
ES2648862R1 (es) * 2015-11-18 2018-01-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procedimiento para hacer funcionar y dispositivo para hacer funcionar un número n de bujias de incandescencia

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