Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
  • C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
  • B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
  • B65D1/0207—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by material, e.g. composition, physical features
  • B65D1/0215—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by material, e.g. composition, physical features multilayered
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D23/00—Details of bottles or jars not otherwise provided for
  • B65D23/08—Coverings or external coatings
  • B65D23/0842—Sheets or tubes applied around the bottle with or without subsequent folding operations
  • B65D23/0878—Shrunk on the bottle
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
  • C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
  • C11D17/046—Insoluble free body dispenser

Definitions

• the present invention relates to multi-coloured laundry products .
• the object of the present invention is to provide a multi- coloured laundry composition without the need for excessive formulation modification, and which can be used for sensitive-skins, and which is relatively cheap.
• the invention provides a transparent liquid composition: (a) comprising 10 to 85% by wt . of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric, zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof; and (b) having about 50% light transmittance or greater using a 1 cm cuvette at wavelength of 410-800 nanometers; and the composition being contained within a package, the package comprising
• each wall comprising an inner layer which is transparent such that its light transmittance is greater than 25% at wavelength of about 410-800 nm, (iii)and an outer layer which is opaque such that its light transmittance is less than 25% at wavelength of about 410-800 nm; characterised in that at least a portion of the inner surface of the rear outer wall is coloured and the outer layer of the front incorporates one or more windows through which the coloured portion is visible.
• the advantage of the above arrangement is that the liquid can be coloured with deep, vivid colours to create a stunning effect whilst still enabling gentle formulations without any colourants for e.g. sensitive skin or fabrics.
• the entire inner surface of the rear wall is coloured.
• the inner surface of the rear outer wall is coloured with multiple colours.
• the colours are preferably bright vivid colours, and are defined by the CIE L*C*H* colour space.
• the L*C*H* colour space is in the form of a sphere.
• the vertical L* axis represents Luminance or lightness: from 0 representing no lightness (absolute black) at the bottom, with 50 at the middle to 100 representing maximum lightness (i.e. absolute white) at the top .
• H* or H° axis represents Hue and is a circular horizontal axis passing through the centre.
• the units are in the form of degrees 0 , ranging from 0° (red) through 90° (yellow), 180° (green), 270° (blue) back to 0° .
• the C* axis represents Chroma or "saturation": 0 at the centre of the circle is completely unsaturated (i.e. a neutral grey, black or white) through to 100 at the edge of the circle which is maximum Chroma or saturation.
• C* is greater than 20.
• the or each colour of the rear wall may be located in a region of the L*C*H* sphere, said region forming an equatorial shell which passes through and is asymmetrical about the centre and occupies less than a third of the volume of the sphere.
• the package may comprise one or more side walls with inner and outer layers as defined above. The one or side walls may be coloured as for the rear wall.
• the or each window is as small as possible so that the package can offer protection to any light-sensitive components.
• a large number of colours, and more preferably all the colours are clearly visible through the or each window.
• window (s) comprising one or more elongate sections, each elongate section corresponding positionally (when viewed from the front) with at least three, and more preferably at least five, even more preferably at least seven colours on the inner surface of the outer rear wall.
• the window (s) correspond positionally with all colours of the rear wall.
• Mulitple windows may be arranged so that the elongate sections together positionally correspond with all the colours of the rear wall.
• the colours may be in zones and the elongate sections positionally correspond by overlapping (when viewed from at least the front) with a portion of the zone.
• the package may take any suitable form and is preferably a bottle.
• Suitable materials for the transparent inner layer of the package include, but are not limited to: polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) , polycarbonate (PC) , polyamides (PA) and/or polyethylene terephthalate (PETE), polyvinylchloride (PVC) ; and polystyrene (PS) .
• the container may formed by extrusion, moulding e.g. blow moulding from a preform or by thermoforming or by injection moulding.
• the transparent layer of the package according to the invention preferably has a transmittance of more than 25%, more preferably more than 30%, more preferably more than 40%, more preferably more than 50% in the visible part of the spectrum (approx. 410-800 nm) .
• the opaque layer of the package according to the invention preferably has a transmittance of less than 25%, more preferably less than 20%, more preferably less than
• absorbency of transparent layer may be measured as less than 0.6 (approximately equivalent to 25% transmitting) or by having transmittance greater than 25% wherein % transmittance equals:
• absorbency of the opaque layer may be measured as more than 0.6.
• the container is considered to be transparent. All percentages, unless indicated otherwise, are intended to be percentages by weight.
• compositions of the invention contains one or more surface active agents (surfactants) selected from the group consisting of anionic, nonionic, cationic, ampholytic and zwitterionic surfactants or mixtures thereof.
• surfactants selected from the group consisting of anionic, nonionic, cationic, ampholytic and zwitterionic surfactants or mixtures thereof.
• the preferred surfactant detergents for use in the present invention are mixtures of anionic and nonionic surfactants although it is to be understood that any surfactant may be used alone or in combination with any other surfactant or surfactants.
• the surfactant should comprise at least 10% by wt . of the composition, e.g., 11% to 85%, preferably at least 15% to 70% of the total composition, more preferably 16% to 65%; even more preferably 20% to 65%.
• Nonionic Surfactant Nonionic synthetic organic detergents which can be used with the invention, alone or in combination with other surfactants, are described below.
• Nonionic detergents are characterized by the presence of an organic hydrophobic group and an organic hydrophilic group and are typically produced by the condensation of an organic aliphatic or alkyl aromatic hydrophobic compound with ethylene oxide (hydrophilic in nature) .
• Typical suitable nonionic surfactants are those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,316,812 and 3, 630, 929.
• the nonionic detergents are polyalkoxylated lipophiles wherein the desired hydrophile-lipophile balance is obtained from addition of a hydrophilic poly-lower alkoxy group to a lipophilic moiety.
• a preferred class of nonionic detergent is the alkoxylated alkanols wherein the alkanol is of 9 to 18 carbon atoms and wherein the number of moles of alkylene oxide (of 2 or 3 carbon atoms) is from 3 to 12. Of such materials it is preferred to employ those wherein the alkanol is a fatty alcohol of 9 to 11 or 12 to 15 carbon atoms and which contain from 5 to 8 or 5 to 9 alkoxy groups per mole.
• Exemplary of such compounds are those wherein the alkanol is of 12 to 15 carbon atoms and which contain about 7 ethylene oxide groups per mole, e.g. Neodol TM25-7 and Neodol TM23-6.5, which products are made by Shell Chemical Company, Inc.
• the former is a condensation product of a mixture of higher fatty alcohols averaging about 12 to 15 carbon atoms, with about 7 moles of ethylene oxide and the latter is a corresponding mixture wherein the carbon atoms content of the higher fatty alcohol is 12 to 13 and the number of ethylene oxide groups present averages about 6.5.
• the higher alcohols are primary alkanols.
• Nonionics are represented the class of nonionics sold under the trademark Plurafac.
• the Plurafacs are the reaction products of a higher linear alcohol and a mixture of ethylene and propylene oxides, containing a mixed chain of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, terminated by a hydroxyl group. Examples include C13-C15 fatty alcohol condensed with 6 moles ethylene oxide and 3 moles propylene oxide, C13-C15 fatty alcohol condensed with 7 moles propylene oxide and 4 moles ethylene oxide, C13-C15 fatty alcohol condensed with 5 moles propylene oxide and 10 moles ethylene oxide, or mixtures of any of the above.
• Dobanol 91-5 is an ethoxylated Cg-Cn fatty alcohol with an average of 5 moles ethylene oxide
• Dobanol 23-7 is an ethoxylated C12-C15 fatty alcohol with an average of 7 moles ethylene oxide per mole of fatty alcohol.
• preferred nonionic surfactants include the C12-C15 primary fatty alcohols with relatively narrow contents of ethylene oxide in the range of from about 7 to 9 moles, and the Cg to Cn fatty alcohols ethoxylated with about 5-6 moles ethylene oxide.
• glycoside surfactants Another class of nonionic surfactants which can be used in accordance with this invention are glycoside surfactants.
• Glycoside surfactants suitable for use in accordance with the present invention include those of the formula:
• R is a monovalent organic radical containing from 6 to 30 (preferably from 8 to 18) carbon atoms; R' is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from about 2 to 4 carbons atoms; O is an oxygen atom; y is a number which can have an average value of from 0 to about 12 but which is most preferably zero; Z is a moiety derived from a reducing saccharide containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms; and x is a number having an average value of from 1 to about 10 (preferably from 1.5 to 10) .
• a particularly preferred group of glycoside surfactants for use in the practice of this invention includes those of the formula above in which R is a monovalent organic radical (linear or branched) containing from 6 to 18 (especially from about 8 to about 18) carbon atoms; y is zero; z is glucose or a moiety derived therefrom; x is a number having an average value of from 1 to about 4 (preferably from about 1 to 4) .
• Nonionic surfactants particularly useful for this application include, but are not limited to: alcohol ethoxylates (e.g. Neodol 25-9 from Shell Chemical Co.), alkyl phenol ethoxylates (e.g. Tergitol NP-9 from Union Carbide Corp.), alkylpolyglucosides (e.g. GlucaponTM 600CS from Henkel Corp.), polyoxyethylenated polyoxypropylene glycols (e.g. PluronicTML-65 from BASF Corp.), sorbitol esters (e.g. EmsorbTM 2515 from Henkel Corp.) , polyoxyethylenated sorbitol esters (e.g.
• EmsorbTM 6900 from Henkel Corp.
• alkanolamides e.g. AlkamideTM DC212/SE from Rhone-Poulenc Co.
• N-alkypyrrolidones e.g. SurfadoneTMLP-100 from ISP Technologies Inc.
• Nonionic surfactant is used in the formulation from about 0% to about 70%, preferably between 5% and 50%, more preferably 10-40% by weight. Mixtures of two or more of the nonionic surfactants can be used.
• Anionic Surfactant Detergents which may be used in the present invention are those surface active compounds which contain a long chain hydrocarbon hydrophobic group in their molecular structure and a hydrophilic group, i.e.; water solubilizing group such as sulfonate or sulfate group.
• the anionic surface active agents include the alkali metal (e.g. sodium and potassium) water soluble higher alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates and the alkyl polyether sulfates. They may also include fatty acid or fatty acid soaps.
• the preferred anionic surface active agents are the alkali metal, ammonium or alkanolamide salts of higher alkyl benzene sulfonates and alkali metal, ammonium or alkanolamide salts of higher alkyl sulfonates.
• Preferred higher alkyl sulfonates are those in which the alkyl groups contain 8 to 26 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 22 carbon atoms and more preferably 14 to 18 carbon atoms.
• the alkyl group in the alkyl benzene sulfonate preferably contains 8 to 16 carbon atoms and more preferably 10 to 15 carbon atoms.
• a particularly preferred alkyl benzene sulfonate is the sodium or potassium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, e.g. sodium linear dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
• the primary and secondary alkyl sulfonates can be made by reacting long chain alpha-olefins with sulfites or bisulfites, e.g. sodium bisulfite.
• the alkyl sulfonates can also be made by reacting long chain normal paraffin hydrocarbons with sulfur dioxide and oxygen as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,503,280, 2,507,088, 3,372,188 and 3,260,741 to obtain normal or secondary higher alkyl sulfonates suitable for use as surfactant detergents.
• the alkyl substituent is preferably linear, i.e. normal alkyl, however, branched chain alkyl sulfonates can be employed, although they are not as good with respect to biodegradability .
• the alkane, i.e. alkyl, substituent may be terminally sulfonated or may be joined, for example, to the carbon atom of the chain, i.e. may be a secondary sulfonate. It is understood in the art that the substituent may be joined to any carbon on the alkyl chain.
• the higher alkyl sulfonates can be used as the alkali metal salts, such as sodium and potassium.
• the preferred salts are the sodium salts.
• the preferred alkyl sulfonates are the Cio to Cis primary normal alkyl sodium and potassium sulfonates, with the Cio to Ci5 primary normal alkyl sulfonate salt being more preferred.
• the alkali metal alkyl benzene sulfonate can be used in an amount of 0 to 70%, preferably 10 to 50% and more preferably 10 to 20% by weight.
• the alkali metal sulfonate can be used in admixture with the alkylbenzene sulfonate in an amount of 0 to 70%, preferably 10 to 50% by weight. Also normal alkyl and branched chain alkyl sulfates (e.g., primary alkyl sulfates) may be used as the anionic component) .
• the higher alkyl polyether sulfates used in accordance with the present invention can be normal or branched chain alkyl and contain lower alkoxy groups which can contain two or three carbon atoms.
• the normal higher alkyl polyether sulfates are preferred in that they have a higher degree of biodegradability than the branched chain alkyl and the lower poly alkoxy groups are preferably ethoxy groups.
• R' is Cs to C 2 o alkyl, preferably Cio to Cis and more preferably Ci 2 to Ci 5 ;
• P is 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 6, and more preferably 2 to 4;
• M is an alkali metal, such as sodium and potassium, or an ammonium cation.
• the sodium and potassium salts are preferred.
• a preferred higher alkyl poly ethoxylated sulfate is the sodium salt of a triethoxy Ci 2 to Ci 5 alcohol sulfate having the formula:
• alkyl ethoxy sulfates examples include C12-15 normal or primary alkyl triethoxy sulfate, sodium salt; n-decyl diethoxy sulfate, sodium salt; C12 primary alkyl diethoxy sulfate, ammonium salt; C12 primary alkyl triethoxy sulfate, sodium salt: Ci 5 primary alkyl tetraethoxy sulfate, sodium salt, mixed C14-15 normal primary alkyl mixed tri- and tetraethoxy sulfate, sodium salt; stearyl pentaethoxy sulfate, sodium salt; and mixed C10-18 normal primary alkyl triethoxy sulfate, potassium salt.
• the normal alkyl ethoxy sulfates are readily biodegradable and are preferred.
• the alkyl poly-lower alkoxy sulfates can be used in mixtures with each other and/or in mixtures with the above discussed higher alkyl benzene, alkyl sulfonates, or alkyl sulfates.
• the alkali metal higher alkyl poly ethoxy sulfate can be used with the alkylbenzene sulfonate and/or with an alkyl sulfonate or sulfonate, in an amount of 0 to 70%, preferably 10 to 50% and more preferably 10 to 20% by weight of entire composition .
• Anionic surfactants particularly useful for this application include, but are not limited to: linear alkyl benzene sulfonates (e.g. VistaTM C-500 from Vista Chemical Co.), alkyl sulfates (e.g. PolystepTM B-5 from Stepan Co.), polyoxyethylenated alkyl sulfates (e.g. StandapolTM ES-3 from Stepan Co.), alpha olefin sulfonates (e.g. WitconateTM AOS from Witco Corp.), alpha sulfo methyl esters (e.g. Alpha- StepTM MC-48 from Stepan Co.) and isethionates (e.g. JordaponTM CI from PPG Industries Inc.) .
• Anionic surfactant is used in the formulation from about 0% to about 60%, preferably between 5% and 40%, more preferably 8 to 25% by weight.
• cationic surfactants are known in the art, and almost any cationic surfactant having at least one long chain alkyl group of about 10 to 24 carbon atoms is suitable in the present invention. Such compounds are described in "Cationic Surfactants", Jungermann, 1970, incorporated by reference .
• compositions of the invention may use cationic surfactants alone or in combination with any of the other surfactants known in the art.
• compositions may contain no cationic surfactants at all.
• Ampholytic synthetic detergents can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic or aliphatic derivatives of heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amines in which the aliphatic radical may be a straight chain or a branched and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and at least one contains an anionic water-solubilizing group, e.g. carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate.
• Examples of compounds falling within this definition are sodium 3 (dodecylamino) propionate, sodium 3- (dodecylamino) propane-1-sulfonate, sodium 2- (dodecylamino) ethyl sulfate, sodium 2- (dimethylamino) octadecanoate, disodium 3- (N- carboxymethyldodecylamino) propane 1-sulfonate, disodium octadecyl-imminodiacetate, sodium l-carboxymethyl-2- undecylimidazole, and sodium N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -2- sulfato-3-dodecoxypropylamine .
• Sodium 3- (dodecylamino) propane-1-sulfonate is preferred.
• Zwitterionic surfactants can be broadly described as derivatives of secondary and tertiary amines, derivatives of heterocyclic secondary and tertiary amines, or derivatives of quaternary ammonium, quaternary phosphonium or tertiary sulfonium compounds.
• the cationic atom in the quaternary compound can be part of a heterocyclic ring.
• zwitterionic surfactants which may be used are set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 4,062,647.
• the amount of amphoteric used may vary from 0 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 30% by weight.
• compositions of the invention are preferably isotropic (by which is generally understood to be a homogenous phase when viewed macroscopically) and either transparent or translucent.
• Total surfactant used must be at least 10%, preferably at least 15%, more preferably at least 20% by wt .
• Builders which can be used according to this invention include conventional alkaline detergency builders, inorganic or organic, which can be used at levels from about 0% to about 50% by weight of the composition, preferably from 3% to about 35% by weight.
• electrolyte means any water-soluble salt .
• the composition comprises at least 1.0% by weight, more preferably at least 5.0% by weight, most preferably at least 10.0% by weight of electrolyte.
• the electrolyte may also be a detergency builder, such as the inorganic builder sodium tripolyphosphate, or it may be a non-functional electrolyte such as sodium sulfate or chloride.
• the inorganic builder comprises all or part of the electrolyte.
• the composition may comprise at least 1%, preferably at least 3%, preferably 3% to as much as 50% by weight electrolyte .
• compositions of the invention are capable of suspending particulate solids, although particularly preferred are those systems where such solids are actually in suspension.
• the solids may be undissolved electrolyte, the same as or different from the electrolyte in solution, the latter being saturated electrolyte. Additionally, or alternatively, they may be materials which are substantially insoluble in water alone. Examples of such substantially insoluble materials are aluminosilicate builders and particles of calcite abrasive .
• suitable inorganic alkaline detergency builders which may be used are water-soluble alkali metal phosphates, polyphosphates, borates, silicates and also carbonates.
• suitable salts are sodium and potassium triphosphates, pyrophosphates, orthophosphates, hexametaphosphates, tetraborates, silicates, and carbonates.
• Suitable organic alkaline detergency builder salts are: (1) water-soluble amino polycarboxylates, e.g., sodium and potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetates, nitrilotriacetates and N- (2 hydroxyethyl) - nitrilodiacetates; (2) water-soluble salts of phytic acid, e.g., sodium and potassium phytates (see U.S. Pat. No.
• water-soluble polyphosphonates including specifically, sodium, potassium and lithium salts of ethane- 1-hydroxy-l, 1-diphosphonic acid; sodium, potassium and lithium salts of methylene diphosphonic acid; sodium, potassium and lithium salts of ethylene diphosphonic acid; and sodium, potassium and lithium salts of ethane-1, 1, 2- triphosphonic acid.
• Other examples include the alkali metal salts of ethane-2-carboxy-l, 1-diphosphonic acid hydroxymethanediphosphonic acid, carboxyldiphosphonic acid, ethane-l-hydroxy-1, 1, 2-triphosphonic acid, ethane-2-hydroxy- - I i
• polycarboxylate builders can be used satisfactorily, including water-soluble salts of mellitic acid, citric acid, and carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid, salts of polymers of itaconic acid and maleic acid, tartrate monosuccinate, tartrate disuccinate and mixtures thereof (TMS/TPS) .
• zeolites or aluminosilicates can be used.
• One such aluminosilicate which is useful in the compositions of the invention is an amorphous water-insoluble hydrated compound of the formula Na x [ (AIO2) y . SiO 2 ), wherein x is a number from 1.0 to 1.2 and y is 1, said amorphous material being further characterized by a Mg++ exchange capacity of from about 50 mg eq. CaCOs/g. and a particle diameter of from 0.01 mm to 5 mm.
• This ion exchange builder is more fully described in British Patent No. 1,470,250.
• a second water-insoluble synthetic aluminosilicate ion exchange material useful herein is crystalline in nature and has the formula Na 2 [ (AlO 2 ) y (SiO 2 ) ] X H 2 O, wherein z and y are integers of at least 6; the molar ratio of z to y is in the range from 1.0 to about 0.5, and x is an integer from 15 to 264; said aluminosilicate ion exchange material having a particle size diameter from 0.1 mm to 100 mm; a calcium ion exchange capacity on an anhydrous basis of at test about 200 milligrams equivalent of CaC ⁇ 3 hardness per gram; and a calcium exchange rate on an anhydrous basis of at least 2 grains/gallon/minute/gram.
• These synthetic aluminosilicates are more fully described in British Patent No. 1,429,143.
• Enzymes which may be used in the subject invention are described in greater detail below.
• the lipolytic enzyme may be either a fungal lipase producible by Humicola lanuginosa and Thermomyces lanuginosus, or a bacterial lipase which show a positive immunological cross-reaction with the antibody of the lipase produced by the microorganism Chromobacter viscosum var. lipolyticum NRRL B-3673.
• This microorganism has been described in Dutch patent specification 154,269 of Toyo Jozo Kabushiki Kaisha and has been deposited with the Fermentation Research Institute, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Tokyo, Japan, and added to the permanent collection under nr.
• TJ lipase The lipase produced by this microorganism is commercially available from Toyo Jozo Co., Tagata, Japan, hereafter referred to as "TJ lipase". These bacterial lipases should show a positive immunological cross-reaction with the TJ lipase antibody, using the standard and well-known immune diffusion procedure according to Ouchterlony (Acta. Med. Scan., 133. pages 76-79 (1930) .
• the preparation of the antiserum is carried out as follows: Equal volumes of 0.1 mg/ml antigen and of Freund's adjuvant (complete or incomplete) are mixed until an emulsion is obtained. Two female rabbits are injected 45 with 2 ml samples of the emulsion according to the following scheme: day 0: antigen in complete Freund's adjuvant day 4: antigen in complete Freund's adjuvant day 32: antigen in incomplete Freund's adjuvant day 64: booster of antigen in incomplete Freund's adjuvant
• the serum containing the required antibody is prepared by centrifugation of clotted blood, taken on day 67.
• the titre of the anti-TJ-lipase antiserum is determined by the inspection of precipitation of serial dilutions of antigen and antiserum according to the Ouchteriony procedure. A dilution of antiserum was the dilution that still gave a visible precipitation with an antigen concentration of 0.1 mg/ml.
• All bacterial lipases showing a positive immunological cross reaction with the TJ-lipase antibody as hereabove described are lipases suitable in this embodiment of the invention.
• Typical examples thereof are the lipase ex Pseudomonas fluorescens IAM 1057 (available from Amano Pharmaceutical Co., Nagoya, Japan, under the trade-name Amano-P lipase), the lipase ex Pseudomonas fragi FERM P 1339 (available under the trade-name Amano B) , the lipase ex Pseudomonas nitroreducens var. lipolyticum FERM P1338, the lipase ex Pseudomonas sp .
• a fungal lipase as defined above is the lipase ex Humicola lanuginosa available from Amano under the tradename Amano CE; the lipase ex Humicola lanuginosa as described in the aforesaid European Patent Application
• lipase enzymes While various specific lipase enzymes have been described above, it is to be understood that any lipase which can confer the desired lipolytic activity to the composition may be used and the invention is not intended to be limited in any way by specific choice of lipase enzyme.
• the lipases of this embodiment of the invention are included in the liquid detergent composition in such an amount that the final composition has a lipolytic enzyme activity of from 100 to 0.005 LU/ml in the wash cycle, preferably 25 to 0.05 LU/ml when the formulation is dosed at a level of about 0.1-10, more preferably 0.5-7, most preferably 1-2 g/liter.
• lipases can be used in their non-purified form or in a purified form, e.g. purified with the aid of well-known absorption methods, such as phenyl sepharose absorption techniques.
• the proteolytic enzyme can be of vegetable, animal or microorganism origin. Preferably, it is of the latter origin, which includes yeasts, fungi, molds and bacteria. Particularly preferred are bacterial subtilisin type proteases, obtained from e.g. particular strains of B. subtilis and B licheniformis . Examples of suitable commercially available proteases are AlcalaseTM, SavinaseTM, EsperaseTM, all of NOVO Industri A/S; MaxataseTM and MaxacalTM of Gist-Brocades; KazusaseTM of Showa Denko; BPN and BPN' proteases and so on.
• the amount of proteolytic enzyme, included in the composition ranges from 0.05-50,000 GU/mg. preferably 0.1 to 50 GU/mg, based on the final composition. Naturally, mixtures of different proteolytic enzymes may be used.
• protease which can confer the desired proteolytic activity to the composition
• this embodiment of the invention is not limited in any way be specific choice of proteolytic enzyme.
• other enzymes such as cellulases, oxidases, amylases, peroxidases and the like which are well known in the art may also be used with the composition of the invention.
• the enzymes may be used together with cofactors required to promote enzyme activity, i.e., they may be used in enzyme systems, if required.
• enzymes having mutations at various positions are also contemplated by the invention.
• One example of an engineered commercially available enzyme is Durazym from Novo .
• the formulation may be enzyme free i.e. 0% by weight of enzymes.
• Alkalinity buffers which may be added to the compositions of the invention include monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, borax, sodium silicate and the like.
• Hydrotropes which may be added to the invention include ethanol, sodium xylene sulfonate, sodium cumene sulfonate and the like.
• bentonite This material is primarily montmorillonite which is a hydrated aluminum silicate in which about l/6th of the aluminum atoms may be replaced by magnesium atoms and with which varying amounts of hydrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, etc. may be loosely combined.
• montmorillonite in its more purified form (i.e. free from any grit, sand, etc.) suitable for detergents contains at least 30% montmorillonite and thus its cation exchange capacity is at least about 50 to 75 meg per lOOg of bentonite.
• Particularly preferred bentonites are the Wyoming or Western U.S.
• bentonites which have been sold as Thixo-jels 1, 2, 3 and 4 by Georgia Kaolin Co. These bentonites are known to soften textiles as described in British Patent No. 401,413 to Marriott and British Patent No. 461,221 to Marriott and Guam.
• detergent additives of adjuvants may be present in the detergent product to give it additional desired properties, either of functional or aesthetic nature.
• Improvements in the physical stability and anti-settling properties of the composition may be achieved by the addition of a small effective amount of an aluminum salt of a higher fatty acid, e.g., aluminum stearate, to the composition.
• the aluminum stearate stabilizing agent can be added in an amount of 0 to 3%, preferably 0.1 to 2.0% and more preferably 0.5 to 1.5%.
• soil suspending or anti-redeposition agents e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, fatty amides, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxy-propyl methyl cellulose
• a preferred anti-redeposition agent is sodium carboxylmethyl cellulose having a 2:1 ratio of CM/MC which is sold under the tradename Relatin DM 4050.
• a deflocculating polymer comprises a hydrophilic backbone and one or more hydrophobic side chains.
• the deflocculating polymer generally will comprise, when used, from 0.1 to 5% of the composition, preferably 0.1 to 2% and most preferably, 0.5 to 1.5%.
• Optical brighteners for cotton, polyamide and polyester fabrics can be used.
• Suitable optical brighteners include TinopalTM, stilbene, triazole and benzidine sulfone compositions, especially sulfonated substituted triazinyl stilbene, sulfonated naphthotriazole stilbene, benzidene sulfone, etc., most preferred are stilbene and triazole combinations.
• a preferred brightener is Stilbene Brightener N4 which is a dimorpholine dianilino stilbene sulfonate.
• Anti-foam agents e.g. silicone compounds, such as Silicane L 7604, can also be added in small effective amounts.
• Bactericides e.g. tetrachlorosalicylanilide and hexachlorophene, fungicides, dyes, pigments (water dispersible) , preservatives, e.g. formalin, ultraviolet absorbers, anti-yellowing agents, such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, pH modifiers and pH buffers, color safe bleaches, perfume and dyes and bluing agents such as Iragon Blue L2D, Detergent Blue 472/372 and ultramarine blue can be used.
• preservatives e.g. formalin, ultraviolet absorbers, anti-yellowing agents, such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, pH modifiers and pH buffers, color safe bleaches, perfume and dyes and bluing agents
• Iragon Blue L2D Detergent Blue 472/372 and ultramarine blue
• soil release polymers and cationic softening agents may be used.
• the inventive compositions may contain all or some the following ingredients: zwitterionic surfactants (e.g. MirataineTM BET C-30 from Rhone-Poulenc Co.), cationic surfactants (e.g. SchercamoxTM DML from Scher Chemicals, Inc.), fluorescent dye, antiredeposition polymers, antidye transfer polymers, soil release polymers, protease enzymes, lipase enzymes, amylase enzymes, cellulase enzymes, peroxidase enzymes, enzyme stabilizers, perfume, opacifiers, UV absorbers, builders, and suspended particles of size range 300-5000 microns.
• zwitterionic surfactants e.g. MirataineTM BET C-30 from Rhone-Poulenc Co.
• cationic surfactants e.g. SchercamoxTM DML from Scher Chemicals, Inc.
• fluorescent dye e.g. MirataineTM BET C-30 from Rhone-Poulenc Co.
• compositions of the invention have at least 50% transmittance of light using a 1 centimeter cuvette, at a wavelength of 410-800 nanometers, preferably 570-690 nm wherein the composition is substantially free of dyes.
• transparency of the composition may be measured as having an absorbency in the visible light wavelength (about 410 to 800 nm) of less than 0.3 which is in turn equivalent to at least 50% transmittance using cuvette and wavelength noted above.
• one wavelength in the visible light range has greater than 50% transmittance, it is considered to be transparent/translucent.
• Figure 1 shows a front view of a bottle according to embodiments of the invention.
• a package comprising bottle 1 is shown containing a transparent liquid composition 17 (filled to level 19 although this is not visible) according to Table 1 below.
• composition is transparent with 50% light transmittance using a 1 cm cuvette at wavelength of 410-800 nanometers.
• the bottle has a front wall 10 and opposing rear wall 11, and side walls 12 each wall 10, 11, 12 comprising an inner layer which is transparent such that its light transmittance is greater than 25% at wavelength of about 410-800 nm, and an outer layer which is opaque such that its light transmittance is less than 25% at wavelength of about 410- 800 nm.
• the outer layer is achieved by means of a shrink sleeve .
• the entire inner surface area of the rear outer wall 11 is vividly coloured in bands or zones each of a different vivid colour 7 and borders 9 between the zones 7 and the outer layer of the front layer has windows 5a 5b (which in this embodiment are cut-outs or through-holes 5a 5b through which colours of the coloured back wall 11 are visible.
• the colours are bright vivid colours, and are defined by the CIE L*C*H* colour space.
• the L*C*H* colour space is in the form of a sphere.
• the vertical L* axis represents Luminance or lightness: from 0 representing no lightness (absolute black) at the bottom, with 50 at the middle to 100 representing maximum lightness (i.e. absolute white) at the top .
• H* or H° axis represents Hue and is a circular horizontal axis passing through the centre.
• the units are in the form of degrees 0 , ranging from 0° (red) through 90° (yellow), 180° (green), 270° (blue) back to 0° .
• the C* axis represents Chroma or "saturation": 0 at the centre of the circle is completely unsaturated (i.e. a neutral grey, black or white) through to 100 at the edge of the circle which is maximum Chroma or saturation.
• the or each colour of the rear wall can be located in the region forming a horizontal spherical segment which passes through and is asymmetical about the centre and occupies less than a third of the volume of the sphere.
• Each window comprises elongate sections 13, each elongate section 13 corresponding positionally (when viewed from the front i.e. as in figure 1) with at least three colours on the inner surface of the outer rear wall. Together the windows 5a 5b correspond positionally with all the colours of the rear wall. Positional correspondence is achieved by overlapping with zones 7.
• the elongate zones are branched for added visual stimulus.
• Suitable materials for the layers of the package include, but are not limited to: polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) , polycarbonate (PC) , polyamides (PA) and/or polyethylene terephthalate (PETE) , polyvinylchloride (PVC) ; and polystyrene (PS) .
• the container is formed from.
• the opaque layer of the package can be any suitably opaque material with a transmittance of 5% in the visible part of the spectrum (approx. 410-800 nm) .
• the transparent layer of the package is the rigid bottle body and is 0.2 mm thick PET and has a transmittance of 50% in the visible part of the spectrum (approx. 410-800 nm) .
• the opaque layer is a tightly fitted sleeve and is applied to the bottle (after the stretch blow moulding) by heat shrinking.
• the windows may be defined by lines of perforations so that the unwanted material is removed to form the windows after application of the sleeve.
• the container is rigid.
• the present invention can be adapted for use with flexible packages such as bags, pouches and the like.

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• 2008
  • 2008-12-11 EP EP08862703A patent/EP2220206A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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