EP2204714A2 - Manipulation-proof transmission of signals - Google Patents

Manipulation-proof transmission of signals Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2204714A2
EP2204714A2 EP09014474A EP09014474A EP2204714A2 EP 2204714 A2 EP2204714 A2 EP 2204714A2 EP 09014474 A EP09014474 A EP 09014474A EP 09014474 A EP09014474 A EP 09014474A EP 2204714 A2 EP2204714 A2 EP 2204714A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
combustion engine
internal combustion
control unit
maximum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09014474A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2204714A3 (en
EP2204714B1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Brardt
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Deutz AG
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Deutz AG
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Filing date
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Publication of EP2204714A3 publication Critical patent/EP2204714A3/en
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Publication of EP2204714B1 publication Critical patent/EP2204714B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F02D41/28—Interface circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/18—Control of the engine output torque
    • F02D2250/26—Control of the engine output torque by applying a torque limit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine with an electronic control unit, which detects information about the state of the internal combustion engine by means of sensors and controls and controls the engine, wherein stored in the controller software from the information in compliance with the maximum allowable power to protect Internal combustion engine components and complying with the emissions legislation, the maximum amount of fuel calculated, whereby the maximum instantaneous power and the maximum torque of the internal combustion engine is determined.
  • Such a method or procedure is known and is used by default for operating an internal combustion engine. It should be noted that at least very similar internal combustion engines of a series are released for different allowable power from the manufacturer of the respective internal combustion engine. The respective release depends on the respective use of the internal combustion engine, optionally with additional consideration of the exhaust gas legislation to be observed for the respective application. For example, internal combustion engines, which are often used when used as intended in the range of the respective maximum permissible power, released with a lower allowable maximum power than the same internal combustion engine, which is used in accordance with intended use quite predominantly in the range of part load. An example of the former case is the use or the use of the internal combustion engine in an agricultural device, in particular a tractor.
  • the information stored in the control unit is protected against unauthorized access, so that it can not normally be changed or even manipulated.
  • the information detected by means of sensors, for example, by manipulation of manipulators are falsified. Examples include measured temperatures or pressures whose actually measured values are reduced by a manipulator.
  • the control unit is assumed that, for example, a set limit, which is predetermined by a component temperature, for example, or a rail pressure, has not yet been reached. This has the consequence that, for example, the rail pressure is further increased and thus the maximum power of the internal combustion engine is raised.
  • the invention has for its object to prevent such a described manipulation.
  • the output signal of the sensor is sent encrypted to the control unit. This precludes manipulation of the output signals since the encryption key is unknown to the potential manipulator.
  • the encryption is stored in the control unit and the sensor or a sensor processing electronics associated with the sensor. In this case, the encryption is designed so that it preferably changes automatically, so that no more manipulation is possible. If a manipulation is nevertheless attempted, no or an invalid output signal or an invalid measured value is received by the control unit. Depending on the importance of the measured value, this leads to an error entry in a corresponding memory, to a setting of a power-reduced emergency operation or a (delayed) shutdown of the internal combustion engine.
  • the sensor or the sensor processing electronics communicate with the control unit of the internal combustion engine via, in particular, a CAN bus.
  • a CAN bus is that a large number of sensor data can be transmitted via a single cable harness.
  • the disadvantage, however, is that the output signals as such permit direct conclusions about corresponding measured values and are therefore easy to manipulate. Therefore, in connection with a CAN bus, the invention can be used particularly advantageously.
  • control unit in addition to the encrypted output signals.
  • control and regulation of the internal combustion engine involves very rapid transmission of output signals and, subsequently, immediate processing or evaluation in the control unit.
  • the control or regulation of the internal combustion engine is initially made with the unencrypted transmitted output signals, but then subsequently the corresponding encrypted and unencrypted output signals are compared and when a difference greater than a predetermined limit an error entry is written into a corresponding memory and / or set a power reduction of the internal combustion engine and / or causes a shutdown of the internal combustion engine.
  • the encrypted transmission preferably takes place via the CAN bus, while the unencrypted transmission takes place via normal (fast) data transmission.
  • the single FIGURE shows a sensor 1, which is connected via a data line 2 with a sensor processing electronics 3.
  • the sensor processing electronics 3 is in turn connected via a serial data interface 4 in the form of a CAN bus to the electronic control unit 5 of the internal combustion engine.
  • the measured values transmitted by the sensor 1 are encrypted, which are then forwarded in encrypted form to the control unit 5.
  • the control unit 5 knows the encryption code and can therefore convert the encrypted data back into the original measured values and evaluate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves detecting information about a condition of an internal-combustion engine by sensors (1), and controlling and regulating the engine through an electronic controller (5). A maximum fuel amount is calculated from the information by considering a maximum reliable power for protecting components of the engine and by considering exhaust laws through software stored in the controller. Maximum instantaneous power and maximum instantaneous torque of the engine are determined, and an output signal of each sensor is transmitted to the controller in an encoded manner.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem elektronischen Steuergerät, das Informationen über den Zustand der Brennkraftmaschine mittels Sensoren erfasst und die Brennkraftmaschine steuert und regelt, wobei eine in dem Steuergerät abgelegte Software aus den Informationen unter Einhaltung der maximal zulässigen Leistung zum Schutz von Brennkraftmaschinenkomponenten und zur Einhaltung der Abgasgesetzgebung die maximale Kraftstoffmenge berechnet, wodurch die maximale Momentanleistung und das maximale Momentandrehmoment der Brennkraftmaschine bestimmt wird.The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine with an electronic control unit, which detects information about the state of the internal combustion engine by means of sensors and controls and controls the engine, wherein stored in the controller software from the information in compliance with the maximum allowable power to protect Internal combustion engine components and complying with the emissions legislation, the maximum amount of fuel calculated, whereby the maximum instantaneous power and the maximum torque of the internal combustion engine is determined.

Ein derartiges Verfahren beziehungsweise Vorgehen ist bekannt und wird standardmäßig zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine verwendet. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass zumindest sehr ähnliche Brennkraftmaschinen einer Baureihe für unterschiedliche zulässige Leistungen vom Hersteller der jeweiligen Brennkraftmaschine freigegeben sind. Die jeweilige Freigabe hängt von dem jeweiligen Einsatz der Brennkraftmaschine ab, gegebenenfalls unter zusätzlicher Berücksichtigung der für den jeweiligen Einsatz einzuhaltenden Abgasgesetzgebung. Beispielsweise werden Brennkraftmaschinen, die bei bestimmungsgemäßem Einsatz häufig im Bereich der jeweiligen maximal zulässigen Leistung eingesetzt werden, mit einer geringeren zulässigen maximalen Leistung freigegeben als bei der gleichen Brennkraftmaschine, die bei bestimmungsgemäßem Einsatz ganz überwiegend im Bereich von Teillast eingesetzt wird. Ein Beispiel für den ersteren Fall ist die Verwendung bzw. der Einsatz der Brennkraftmaschine bei einem landwirtschaftlichem Gerät, insbesondere einem Schlepper.Such a method or procedure is known and is used by default for operating an internal combustion engine. It should be noted that at least very similar internal combustion engines of a series are released for different allowable power from the manufacturer of the respective internal combustion engine. The respective release depends on the respective use of the internal combustion engine, optionally with additional consideration of the exhaust gas legislation to be observed for the respective application. For example, internal combustion engines, which are often used when used as intended in the range of the respective maximum permissible power, released with a lower allowable maximum power than the same internal combustion engine, which is used in accordance with intended use quite predominantly in the range of part load. An example of the former case is the use or the use of the internal combustion engine in an agricultural device, in particular a tractor.

Die in dem Steuergerät abgelegten Informationen sind gegen einen unberechtigten Zugriff gesichert, so dass diese normalerweise nicht verändert oder sogar manipuliert werden können. Es ist aber denkbar, dass die mittels Sensoren erfassten Informationen beispielsweise durch Einschaltung von Manipulatoren verfälscht werden. Beispiele hierfür sind gemessene Temperaturen oder Drücke, deren tatsächlich gemessenen Werte durch einen Manipulator verringert werden. Dadurch wird dem Steuergerät unterstellt, dass beispielsweise eine eingestellte Grenze, die durch eine beispielsweise Bauteiltemperatur oder beispielsweise einen Raildruck vorgegeben ist, noch nicht erreicht ist. Dies hat zur Folge, dass beispielsweise der Raildruck weiter erhöht wird und somit die maximale Leistung der Brennkraftmaschine angehoben wird.The information stored in the control unit is protected against unauthorized access, so that it can not normally be changed or even manipulated. However, it is conceivable that the information detected by means of sensors, for example, by manipulation of manipulators are falsified. Examples include measured temperatures or pressures whose actually measured values are reduced by a manipulator. As a result, the control unit is assumed that, for example, a set limit, which is predetermined by a component temperature, for example, or a rail pressure, has not yet been reached. This has the consequence that, for example, the rail pressure is further increased and thus the maximum power of the internal combustion engine is raised.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine solche geschilderte Manipulation zu verhindern.The invention has for its object to prevent such a described manipulation.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass das Ausgangssignal des Sensors verschlüsselt an das Steuergerät gesendet wird. Dadurch wird eine Manipulation der Ausgangssignale ausgeschlossen, da der Verschlüsselungscode dem möglichen Manipulator unbekannt ist. In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Verschlüsselung in dem Steuergerät und dem Sensor beziehungsweise einer dem Sensor zugehörigen Sensoraufbereitungselektronik abgelegt. Dabei ist die Verschlüsselung so angelegt, dass diese sich bevorzugt selbsttätig ändert, so dass überhaupt keine Manipulationsmöglichkeit mehr gegeben ist. Wird dennoch eine Manipulation versucht, wird kein oder ein ungültiges Ausgangssignal respektive ein ungültiger Messwert von dem Steuergerät empfangen. Dies führt je nach Wichtigkeit des Messwerts zu einem Fehlereintrag in einen entsprechenden Speicher, zu einer Einstellung eines leistungsreduzierten Notbetriebs oder einer (verzögerten) Abstellung der Brennkraftmaschine.This object is achieved in that the output signal of the sensor is sent encrypted to the control unit. This precludes manipulation of the output signals since the encryption key is unknown to the potential manipulator. In a further embodiment of the invention, the encryption is stored in the control unit and the sensor or a sensor processing electronics associated with the sensor. In this case, the encryption is designed so that it preferably changes automatically, so that no more manipulation is possible. If a manipulation is nevertheless attempted, no or an invalid output signal or an invalid measured value is received by the control unit. Depending on the importance of the measured value, this leads to an error entry in a corresponding memory, to a setting of a power-reduced emergency operation or a (delayed) shutdown of the internal combustion engine.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung kommuniziert der Sensor bzw. die Sensoraufbereitungselektronik mit dem Steuergerät der Brennkraftmaschine über insbesondere einen CAN-Bus. Der besondere Vorteil eines CAN-Busses ist es, dass über einen einzigen Kabelstrang eine Vielzahl von Sensordaten übermittelt werden können. Der Nachteil ist aber, dass die Ausgangssignale als solche direkte Rückschlüsse zu entsprechenden Messwerten zulassen und daher einfach zu manipulieren sind. Daher ist im Zusammenhang mit einem CAN-Bus die Erfindung besonders vorteilhaft einsetzbar.In a further development of the invention, the sensor or the sensor processing electronics communicate with the control unit of the internal combustion engine via, in particular, a CAN bus. The particular advantage of a CAN bus is that a large number of sensor data can be transmitted via a single cable harness. The disadvantage, however, is that the output signals as such permit direct conclusions about corresponding measured values and are therefore easy to manipulate. Therefore, in connection with a CAN bus, the invention can be used particularly advantageously.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, zusätzlich zu den verschlüsselten Ausgangssignalen die gleichen Ausgangssignale unverschlüsselt an das Steuergerät zu senden. Dies ist dann sinnvoll, wenn für die Steuerung und Regelung der Brennkraftmaschine eine sehr schnelle Übermittlung von Ausgangssignalen und daran anschließend eine sofortige Aufbereitung bzw. Auswertung in dem Steuergerät erfolgt. Um hierbei gegebenenfalls auftretende Verzögerungen durch eine verschlüsselte Übertragung zu vermeiden, wird zunächst die Steuerung bzw. Regelung der Brennkraftmaschine mit den unverschlüsselt übermittelten Ausgangssignalen vorgenommen, dann anschließend werden aber die entsprechenden verschlüsselten und unverschlüsselten Ausgangssignale miteinander verglichen und bei Auftreten von einer Differenz größer einem vorgegebenen Grenzwert wird ein Fehlereintrag in einen entsprechenden Speicher eingeschrieben und/oder eine Leistungsreduzierung der Brennkraftmaschine eingestellt und/oder eine Stillsetzung der Brennkraftmaschine veranlasst. Dabei ist es nicht erforderlich, jeden verschlüsselten Wert mit dem jeweiligen unverschlüsselten Wert zu vergleichen (aber selbstverständlich möglich), sondern es ist ausreichend, in geeigneten Zeitabständen einen "stichprobenartigen" Vergleich durchzuführen. Die verschlüsselte Übertragung erfolgt bevorzugt über den CAN-Bus, während die unverschlüsselte Übermittlung über normale (schnelle) Datenleitung erfolgt.In a further embodiment, it is provided to send the same output signals in unencrypted to the control unit in addition to the encrypted output signals. This makes sense if the control and regulation of the internal combustion engine involves very rapid transmission of output signals and, subsequently, immediate processing or evaluation in the control unit. In order to avoid any possible delays caused by an encrypted transmission, the control or regulation of the internal combustion engine is initially made with the unencrypted transmitted output signals, but then subsequently the corresponding encrypted and unencrypted output signals are compared and when a difference greater than a predetermined limit an error entry is written into a corresponding memory and / or set a power reduction of the internal combustion engine and / or causes a shutdown of the internal combustion engine. It is not necessary to compare each encrypted value with the respective unencrypted value (but of course possible), but it is sufficient to perform a "random" comparison at appropriate intervals. The encrypted transmission preferably takes place via the CAN bus, while the unencrypted transmission takes place via normal (fast) data transmission.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind der Zeichnungsbeschreibung zu entnehmen, in der ein in der Fig. dargestelltes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher beschrieben ist.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention can be taken from the description of the drawing, in which an embodiment of the invention shown in FIG.

Die einzige Figur zeigt einen Sensor 1, der über eine Datenleitung 2 mit einer Sensoraufbereitungselektronik 3 verschaltet ist. Die Sensoraufbereitungselektronik 3 ist ihrerseits über eine serielle Datenschnittstelle 4 in Form eines CAN-Busses mit dem elektronischen Steuergerät 5 der Brennkraftmaschine verschaltet. In der Sensoraufbereitungselektronik 3 erfolgt eine Verschlüsselung der von dem Sensor 1 übermittelten Messwerte, die dann verschlüsselt an das Steuergerät 5 weitergeleitet werden. Das Steuergerät 5 kennt den Verschlüsselungskode und kann folglich die verschlüsselten Daten wieder in die ursprünglichen Messwerte zurückwandeln und auswerten.The single FIGURE shows a sensor 1, which is connected via a data line 2 with a sensor processing electronics 3. The sensor processing electronics 3 is in turn connected via a serial data interface 4 in the form of a CAN bus to the electronic control unit 5 of the internal combustion engine. In the sensor processing electronics 3, the measured values transmitted by the sensor 1 are encrypted, which are then forwarded in encrypted form to the control unit 5. The control unit 5 knows the encryption code and can therefore convert the encrypted data back into the original measured values and evaluate.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Sensorsensor
22
Datenleitungdata line
33
SensoraufbereitungselektronikSensor conditioning electronics
44
DatenschnittstelleData Interface
55
Steuergerätcontrol unit

Claims (5)

Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem elektronischen Steuergerät, das Informationen über den Zustand der Brennkraftmaschine mittels Sensoren erfasst und die Brennkraftmaschine steuert und regelt, wobei eine in dem Steuergerät abgelegte Software aus den Informationen unter Einhaltung der maximal zulässigen Leistung zum Schutz von Brennkraftmaschinenkomponenten und zur Einhaltung der Abgasgesetzgebung die maximale Kraftstoffmenge berechnet, wodurch die maximale Momentanleistung und das maximale Momentandrehmoment der Brennkraftmaschine bestimmt wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ausgangssignal des Sensors (1) verschlüsselt an das Steuergerät (5) gesendet wird.Method for operating an internal combustion engine having an electronic control unit that detects information about the state of the internal combustion engine by means of sensors and controls the internal combustion engine, wherein a software stored in the controller from the information in compliance with the maximum allowable power for the protection of engine components and compliance the exhaust gas legislation calculates the maximum amount of fuel, whereby the maximum instantaneous power and the maximum instantaneous torque of the internal combustion engine is determined,
characterized in that the output signal of the sensor (1) is encrypted to the control unit (5) is sent. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verschlüsselung in dem Steuergerät (5) und dem Sensor (1) bzw. einer dem Sensor (1) zugehörigen Sensoraufbereitungselektronik (3) abgelegt ist.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the encryption in the control unit (5) and the sensor (1) or the sensor (1) associated sensor processing electronics (3) is stored. Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (1) beziehungsweise die Sensoraufbereitungselektronik (3) mit dem Steuergerät (5) der Brennkraftmaschine über insbesondere einen CAN-Bus kommuniziert.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the sensor (1) or the sensor processing electronics (3) communicates with the control unit (5) of the internal combustion engine via in particular a CAN bus. Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (1) beziehungsweise die Sensoraufbereitungselektronik (3) zusätzlich zu den verschlüsselten Ausgangssignalen die gleichen Ausgangssignale unverschlüsselt an das Steuergerät (5) sendet.Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the sensor (1) or the sensor processing electronics (3) in addition to the encrypted output signals the same output signals unencrypted to the control unit (5) sends. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die verschlüsselten Ausgangssignale mit den unverschlüsselten Ausgangssignalen verglichen werden.Method according to claim 4,
characterized in that the encrypted output signals are compared with the unencrypted output signals.
EP09014474.2A 2008-11-29 2009-11-20 Manipulation-proof transmission of signals Active EP2204714B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008059687A DE102008059687A1 (en) 2008-11-29 2008-11-29 Tamper-proof transmission of signals

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EP2204714A2 true EP2204714A2 (en) 2010-07-07
EP2204714A3 EP2204714A3 (en) 2010-11-03
EP2204714B1 EP2204714B1 (en) 2019-04-17

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2194257A1 (en) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-09 Delphi Technologies Holding S.à.r.l. A method of controlling a vehicle engine system

Citations (2)

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DE10213658A1 (en) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Process for data transmission between components of the on-board electronics of mobile systems and such components
DE102007012477A1 (en) * 2007-03-15 2008-09-18 Agco Gmbh Change detection and change protection device and change detection and change protection method of control data of a controlled vehicle device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19953767C2 (en) * 1999-11-09 2002-03-28 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Control system for protecting an internal combustion engine against overload
DE19955545A1 (en) * 1999-11-18 2001-05-23 Volkswagen Ag System for controlling a motor vehicle uses control devices fitted with a cryptocontroller storing a program for encrypting and/or a secret code in memory and keeping it safe from manipulation
DE10238095B4 (en) * 2002-08-21 2007-08-30 Audi Ag Method for protection against manipulation of a control unit for at least one motor vehicle component and control unit

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10213658A1 (en) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Process for data transmission between components of the on-board electronics of mobile systems and such components
DE102007012477A1 (en) * 2007-03-15 2008-09-18 Agco Gmbh Change detection and change protection device and change detection and change protection method of control data of a controlled vehicle device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2194257A1 (en) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-09 Delphi Technologies Holding S.à.r.l. A method of controlling a vehicle engine system

Also Published As

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ES2731370T3 (en) 2019-11-15
EP2204714A3 (en) 2010-11-03
DE102008059687A1 (en) 2010-06-02
EP2204714B1 (en) 2019-04-17

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