EP2198822B1 - Selbstaufblasende therapeutische Matratze - Google Patents

Selbstaufblasende therapeutische Matratze Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2198822B1
EP2198822B1 EP20090252812 EP09252812A EP2198822B1 EP 2198822 B1 EP2198822 B1 EP 2198822B1 EP 20090252812 EP20090252812 EP 20090252812 EP 09252812 A EP09252812 A EP 09252812A EP 2198822 B1 EP2198822 B1 EP 2198822B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
foam
mattress
layer
inflating
polyurethane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20090252812
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2198822A1 (de
Inventor
Thierry Flocard
Laetitia Gazagnes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hill Rom Industries SAS
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Hill Rom Industries SAS
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Filing date
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Publication of EP2198822A1 publication Critical patent/EP2198822A1/de
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Publication of EP2198822B1 publication Critical patent/EP2198822B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
    • A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
    • A61G7/05715—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with modular blocks, or inserts, with layers of different material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/08—Fluid mattresses
    • A47C27/081—Fluid mattresses of pneumatic type
    • A47C27/084—Fluid mattresses of pneumatic type self inflating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/08—Fluid mattresses
    • A47C27/088—Fluid mattresses incorporating elastic bodies, e.g. foam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/14—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays
    • A47C27/18—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays in combination with inflatable bodies
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
    • A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
    • A61G7/05738—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with fluid-like particles, e.g. sand, mud, seeds, gel, beads
    • A61G7/05753—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with fluid-like particles, e.g. sand, mud, seeds, gel, beads air-evacuated, e.g. in order to adapt to the form of the patient

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of support devices such as mattresses or cushions for supporting the body of a seated or reclining person, and more particularly to foam support devices such as therapeutic mattresses or cushions for supporting the body of a patient and reducing the risk of bedsores.
  • Support devices of the aforesaid type are typically used as mattress pads in patient care, since they ensure an adequate distribution of interface pressures, i.e., the pressures exerted locally by each part of the body on the surface of the mattress, depending on the shape and position of patients, thereby preventing or reducing the risks of decubitus ulcers forming in the risk zones of the body, such as the sacrum and the heels. Examples of such devices can be found in US 2003/0009830 , US 5,595,806 , US 2003/0217414 , GB 2290256 and US 5,960,496 .
  • the invention relates to a self-inflating, impermeable foam mattress pad on which a person can recline and be supported with optimum comfort.
  • These self-inflating or self-inflatable mattresses are composed of reticulated, open-cell foam. They possess the interesting characteristic of being compactable for ease in transport and of automatically inflating simply by opening valves on the mattress pad and decompressing the foam, which thus fills with air as it resumes its original shape.
  • Self-inflating foam mattresses and mattress pads made exclusively of high resilience polyurethane foam are known to the prior art. These mattress have a thickness greater than 5 cm and are mainly used in camping.
  • a foam is classified as a high resilience foam if the comfort factor c, as determined in an indentation force deflection test, is greater than 2.5, the comfort factor c being the ratio of the indentation obtained at 65% compression to the indentation obtained at 25% compression.
  • the indentation force deflection test is described further below.
  • a self-inflating mattress pad for reducing the formation of bedsores and local interface pressures and for ensuring a more uniform distribution of interface pressures of the patient on the mattress is known to the prior art; said mattress or mattress pad contains only a visco-elastic polyurethane foam.
  • a foam is defined as visco-elastic by virtue of its rheological properties combining "elasticity,” wherein the foam exhibits a nearly instantaneous, spring-like response after subjection to pressure, and "viscosity,” wherein the foam exhibits a delayed response like a shock absorber after a compressive force is exerted thereon, whereas a typical foam, as a general rule, only exhibits an "elastic" response.
  • Such a visco-elastic foam mattress pad as described in the prior art adapts itself to patients by distributing the body weight more efficiently, i.e., homogeneously, and by limiting the overall surface pressures.
  • these self-inflating visco-elastic foam mattress pads ensure a much better interface pressure distribution than self-inflating products made of high resilience polyurethane foam.
  • these self-inflating visco-elastic foam mattresses or mattress pads have the advantage of being able to support a relatively heavy patient with relatively less foam compared with an ordinary foam mattress.
  • This invention provides as claimed in claim 1 a therapeutic, self-inflating, reticulated open-cell foam mattress comprising an airtight and watertight surface coating and equipped with at least one valve, wherein the mattress comprises two superimposed layers of reticulated open-cell foam adhered to each other, the two-layer assembly being covered with a least one film or coating of a polymer binder covering the entire outer surface of said two-layer assembly except in the vicinity of at least one valve, characterized in that said layers consist of a bottom layer of high resilience foam and a top layer of visco-elastic foam.
  • the mattress which may take the form of a mattress pad, has the advantage of comprising of two kinds of foam, namely a high resilience foam providing lightness and low cost and a visco-elastic foam providing a high level of efficacy in terms of interface pressure distribution.
  • the top visco-elastic foam provides comfort and molds to the body of the patient resting on the top visco-elastic layer, whereas the high resilience bottom layer provides support to the patient.
  • a mattress pad according to this invention costs less than a prior art mattress pad.
  • the visco-elastic layer is supported by a self-inflating layer of high resilience foam, the patient is supported much more comfortably than on a mattress pad containing only visco-elastic foam.
  • a thinner visco-elastic layer is sufficient for molding to the patient.
  • a high resilience, self-inflating open-cell foam covered with an impermeable film or coating provides better support compared to a typical non-self-inflating foam, because the air contained in the self-inflating bottom layer of high resilience foam contributes to supporting the patient and, in particular, by virtue of its self-inflating nature, the bottom layer adapts precisely to the shape of the patient.
  • valves are closed and the patient is then laid on the mattress pad. Once the patient is in position, the valves can be opened until there is no more air exiting the mattress. The mattress then molds perfectly to the shape of the patient, providing good interface pressure distribution, and the valves can then be closed again.
  • both of the mattress layers adapt specifically to each patient by virtue of their partial deflation, thus providing optimum results for all patients regardless of their weight in contrast to a typical mattress, which may be too hard for some patients and too soft for other patients.
  • the visco-elastic top layer provides a maximum contact surface between the mattress pad or mattress and the patient, thus limiting the number of points having pressure peaks capable of causing bedsores.
  • the patient sinks into the mattress or mattress pad and into the high resilience bottom layer as well.
  • the high resilience bottom layer is integrated in the self-inflating mattress confers an improved reactivity of the latter in response to compression exerted by the patient, in comparison with the combination of a mattress pad containing only a visco-elastic layer resting on a non-self-inflating mattress made of typical, high resilience foam.
  • the surface coating ensures an overall impermeability to air and water, the valve enabling the self-inflation and deflation of the mattress.
  • the mattress When the mattress is not in use, it can be rolled up by opening its valves in order to expel the air trapped inside, and once it is completely rolled up, the valves can be closed again and the mattress pad can be stowed in a carrying bag.
  • said two foam layers comprise polyurethane foam
  • the high resilience bottom layer has a thickness greater than that of the visco-elastic top layer
  • the density of the high resilience foam of the bottom layer is less than the density of the visco-elastic foam of the top layer.
  • the adhesive layer between the top visco-elastic foam layer and the bottom high resilience foam layer, respectively, does not entirely cover the bottom and top surfaces of said top and bottom foam layers.
  • the densities are measured according to the standard NF EN ISO 845.
  • Indentation corresponds to a test according to the standard NF EN ISO 2439. According to the principle of this standard, the forces applied to push a plate smaller than the mattress test sample to depths of 25%, 40%, and 65% of the original thickness of the mattress are measured, wherein the force applied to indent the sample to 40% is the indentation force deflection [IFD] and the ratio of the forces applied to indent the mattress sample to 65% and 25% of its original thickness is the compression modulus, also known as the "sag factor" or the "comfort factor.”
  • IFD indentation force deflection
  • the resistance to compression test is performed according to the standard NF EN ISO 3386/1 and corresponds to the pressure applied with a plate larger than the foam mattress test sample. The pressure required to obtain an indentation corresponding to a compression of 40% of the original thickness of the mattress is measured.
  • visco-elastic foams have IFD and resistance to compression values lower than those of high resilience foams. Nevertheless, there are low density high resilience foams that have IFD and resistance to compression values comparable to those of higher density visco-elastic foams.
  • visco-elastic foams have densities of at least 40 kg/m 3 . Also, at a given density, a visco-elastic foam will have IFD and resistance to compression values lower than those of a high resilience foam.
  • the high resilience foam is a polyurethane foam with a density of 25 kg/m 3 , an IFD of 70 N at 40% compression, and a resistance of 1.5 kPa at 40% compression
  • the visco-elastic foam is a polyurethane foam with a density of 64 kg/m 3 , an IFD of 62 N at 40% compression, and a resistance of 1.8 kPa at 40% compression.
  • Polyurethane foams of this kind are marketed by the company Recticel, under the designations "OS 25 cm” for the high resilience foam and "VF 6020" for the visco-elastic foam.
  • Suitable visco-elastic polyurethane foams include foams with the designations "V5020” from the company Eurofoam (Austria), “V50040” and “V50080” from the company Recticel (France), and “GV5030” from the company Eurofoam (Germany).
  • This polyurethane film renders the mattress impermeable to air, to water, and more generally to liquids and bacteria.
  • the air contained in the mattress can only escape via the valves.
  • the mattress optimally fulfills the hygienic requirements for hospital use, as the interior of the mattress cannot be soiled and the surface of the mattress can be cleaned very easily with standard disinfectants.
  • the surface coating on the outer surface of the two-layer assembly comprises two polyurethane films, a top film and a bottom film, preferably 100 to 250 ⁇ m in thickness.
  • the coatings form a polyurethane cover providing a soft and comfortable surface with a long, useful life. Furthermore, they are easy to clean and form a slide-proof interface with the bottom surface of the mattress.
  • the coating preferably comprises at least one film, preferably a top and bottom film, with the or each film comprising two polyurethane layers, each polyurethane layer being formed of a polyurethane exhibiting a vitreous transition temperature different from that of the polyurethane of the other layer.
  • the coating film with a lower vitreous transition temperature can be applied in such a way that by heating the coating to the lower vitreous transition temperature, the film that is in contact with the foam attains its vitreous transition point, becomes viscous, and impregnates the foam, whereas the other film does not attain its vitreous transition temperature and remains unaffected, and thus retains all of its impermeability properties.
  • the therapeutic self-inflating mattress comprises a high flow valve at each corner of one end of the mattress, on the end edge.
  • the two valves are positioned between the bottom and top layers.
  • the coating consists of two films as described above, the two valves are advantageously sandwiched and glued between the top and bottom films of the coating.
  • the mattress is advantageously a mattress pad, and the bottom layer has a thickness of 3 to 7 cm and the top layer has a thickness of 2 to 5 cm, the total thickness of the two superimposed layers being 5 to 12 cm.
  • This invention also provides a therapeutic support device comprising a foam mattress, preferably of high resilience polyurethane, on which such a mattress pad is laid.
  • the support device can be contained in an outer cover, the mattress pad thereby benefitting from a double protection.
  • the mattress molds to the patient thanks to the visco-elastic foam and the air. Equilibrium is reached when there is no more air coming from the mattress, and the two layers of visco-elastic and high resilience foam, respectively, of the mattress are thus "programmed” or specifically adapted to the weight and the shape of the patient.
  • the invention at least in the preferred embodiments provides a self-inflating foam therapeutic support device which reduces the risk of bedsores forming, is light for ease in transport, is less expensive than therapeutic self-inflating mattresses consisting solely of visco-elastic foam, and is more effective in terms of interface pressure distribution than therapeutic self-inflating mattress pads made of visco-elastic foam.
  • the mattress pad 1 has two layers:
  • the bottom layer 3 of OS 25 cm high resilience polyurethane foam has a thickness of 5 cm.
  • the adhesive layer does not completely coat the bottom surface of the top layer 2 and the top surface of the bottom layer 3, because there are too many open cells on these surfaces for all of them to be obstructed by the glue. Thus, air is still able to flow freely between the two layers, which permits the joining and the molding of the two layers when the patient is positioned on the mattress.
  • the two-layer assembly is entirely covered on its free outer surfaces by two polyurethane films, comprising two layers of polyurethane with different vitreous transition temperatures, specifically one layer that is heated to make it viscous and adhere to the foam of both the bottom and top layers of the mattress, whereas the outer film of the polyurethane coating does not attain its vitreous transition temperature.
  • the thickness or height of the visco-elastic polyurethane foam 2 is 3 cm.
  • the top polyurethane film 5a covers the top surface and edges of visco-elastic foam top layer 2 and also covers the top edge of the side walls of the bottom layer 3 of high resilience foam.
  • the top film 5a overlaps the gluing junction line of the adhesive layer 6 between the top layer 2 and the bottom layer 3.
  • valves 4a, 4b are inserted and glued at the junction line 5 1 between the top film 5a and the bottom film 5b of the coating.
  • the two mattress pad foams "OS 25 cm” and “VF 6020” exhibit flame retardant properties enabling them to pass the flame resistance tests specified in UK standard BS 6807 CR IB5.
  • valves 4a, 4b are placed on the two corners of the foot end for easy access; when the mattress pad is placed on a bed, the two valves are preferably placed on the edge of the mattress and positioned in the vicinity of the interface 6 of the top layer 2 and the bottom layer 3.
  • the dimensions of a mattress pad may be 180 to 210 cm, particularly 197 cm, in length; 70 to 100 cm, particularly 86 cm, in width, and 5 to 12 cm, particularly 8 cm, in height.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nursing (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Therapeutische, selbstaufblasbare Matratze (1) aus retikullertem, offenporigem Schaum, die eine luftdichte und wasserdichte Oberflächenbeschichtung (5a, 5b) umfasst und mit mindestens einem ventil (4a, 4b) ausgerüstet ist, wobei die Matratze (1) zwei aufeinander liegende Schichten (2, 3) aus retikullertem, offenporigem Schaum mit einer Haftschicht (6) dazwischen umfasst, wobei die zweischichtige Baugruppe mit mindestens einer dünnen Schicht oder Beschichtung aus einem Polymerbinder bedeckt ist, der die gesamte Außenfläche der zweischichtigen Baugruppe außer in der Nähe von dem mindestens einen Ventil (4a, 4b) bedeckt, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die Schichten eine untere Schicht (3) aus hochelastischem (high resilience - HR) Schaum und eine obere Schicht (2) aus viskoelastischem Schaum umfassen.
  2. Therapeutische, selbstaufblasbare Matratze nach Anspruch 1, wobei beide Schaumschichten Polyurethanschaum umfassen.
  3. Therapeutische, selbstaufblasbare Matratze nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die hochelastische untere Schicht (3) eine größere Dicke aufweist als die viskoelastische obere Schicht (2).
  4. Therapeutische, selbstaufblasbare Matratze nach irgendelnem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Dichte des hochelastischen Schaums der unteren Schicht (3) geringer ist als die Dichte des viskoelastischen Schaums der oberen Schicht (2).
  5. Therapeutische, selbstaufblasbare Matratze nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Haftschlcht (6) zwischen der oberen viskoelastischen Schaumschicht (2) und der unteren hochelastischen Schaumschicht (3) die untere und die obere Fläche der oberen und der unteren Schaumschicht nicht vollständig bedeckt.
  6. Therapeutische, selbstaufblasbare Matratze nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der hochelastische Schaum der unteren Schicht eine Dichte von 15 bis 40 kg/m3 , eine Stauchhärte (Indentation Force Deflection [IFD]) von 50 bis 130 N bei 40 % Zusammendrückung und einen Widerstand von 1 bis 4 kPa bei 40 % Zusammendrückung aufweist.
  7. Therapeutische, selbstaufblasbare Matratze nach Anspruch 6, wobei der hochelastische Schaum ein Polyurethanschaum mit einer Dichte von 25 kg/m3, einer IFD von 70 N bei 40 % Zusammendrückung und einem Widerstand von 1.5 kPa bei 40 % Zusammendrückung ist.
  8. Therapeutische, selbstaufblasbare Matratze nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der viskoelastische Schaum der oberen Schicht eine Dichte von 40 bis 100 kg/m3, eine IFD von 20 bis 90 N bei 40 % Zusammendrückung und einen Widerstand von 1 bis 3 kPa bei 40 % Zusammendrückung aufweist.
  9. Therapeutische, selbstaufblasbare Matratze nach Anspruch 8, wobei der viskoelastische Schaum ein Polyurethanschaum mit einer Dichte von 64 kg/m3, einer IFD von 62 N bei 40 % Zusammendrückung und einem Widerstand von 1.8 kPa bei 40 % Zusammendrückung ist.
  10. Therapeutische, selbstaufblasbare Matratze nach Irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Oberflächenbeschichtung (6) auf der Außenfläche der zweischichtigen Baugruppe zwei dünne Polyurethanschichten, eine obere dünne Schicht (5a) und eine untere dünne Schicht (5b) umfasst, die jeweils vorzugsweise 100 bis 250 µm dick sind.
  11. Therapeutische, selbstaufblasbare Matratze nach Anspruch 10, wobei die Oberflächenbeschichtung mindestens eine dünne Schicht (5a, 5b), vorzugsweise eine obere (5a) und eine untere (5b) dünne Schicht, umfasst, wobei die oder jede dünne Schicht zwei Polyurethanschichten umfasst, wobei jede Polyurethanschicht aus einem Polyurethan gebildet ist, das eine Glasübergangstemperatur aufweist, die sich von derjenigen des Polyurethans der anderen Schicht unterscheidet.
  12. Therapeutische, selbstaufblasbare Matratze nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei sich an jeder Ecke von einem Ende der Matratze und an der Endkante der Matratze ein Ventil mit hohem Durchfluss (4a, 4b) befindet.
  13. Therapeutische, selbstaufblasbare Matratze nach Anspruch 12, soweit abhängig von Anspruch 10, wobei die zwei Ventile schichtweise zwischen der oberen und unteren dünnen Schicht der Oberflächenbeschichtung eingeklebt sind.
  14. Therapeutische, selbstaufblasbare Matratze nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Matratze eine Matratzenauflage ist und die untere Schicht (3) eine Dicke von 3 bis 7 cm aufweist und die obere Schicht (2) eine Höhe von 2 bis 5 cm aufweist, und die gesamte Höhe der zwei aufeinanderliegenden Schichten 5 bis 12 cm beträgt.
  15. Therapeutische Unterstützungsvorrichtung, die eine Schaummatratze umfasst, die vorzugsweise aus einem hochelastischen Polyurethan gebildet ist, auf die eine Matratze nach Anspruch 14 gelegt wird.
EP20090252812 2008-12-17 2009-12-16 Selbstaufblasende therapeutische Matratze Not-in-force EP2198822B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0858681A FR2939641B1 (fr) 2008-12-17 2008-12-17 Matelas autogonflant therapeutique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2198822A1 EP2198822A1 (de) 2010-06-23
EP2198822B1 true EP2198822B1 (de) 2013-05-15

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FR (1) FR2939641B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2995242B1 (de) 2014-09-11 2023-11-15 Hill-Rom S.A.S. Patientenliegevorrichtung
WO2020026171A1 (en) 2018-07-31 2020-02-06 Hill-Rom Services, Inc. Sensing system for patient support apparatus

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989010315A1 (fr) * 1988-04-30 1989-11-02 Korfmacher Trading Gmbh Tapis de stockage ou de support, notamment pour des applications d'emballage
GB2290256B (en) * 1994-06-03 1997-10-29 Fagerdala World Foams Ab Laminated supports
US5960496A (en) * 1998-07-14 1999-10-05 Boyd; Dennis Mattress system
US6108835A (en) * 1999-06-23 2000-08-29 Goodway Corporation Camping mat arrangement
US6922863B2 (en) * 2001-03-07 2005-08-02 Gualtiero G. Giori Adjustable foam mattress
US6651277B1 (en) * 2002-05-24 2003-11-25 Cascade Designs, Inc. Multiple chamber self-inflatable body

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EP2198822A1 (de) 2010-06-23
FR2939641B1 (fr) 2012-06-22
FR2939641A1 (fr) 2010-06-18

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