EP2196641B1 - Exhaust assembly for a combustion engine - Google Patents

Exhaust assembly for a combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2196641B1
EP2196641B1 EP09450235A EP09450235A EP2196641B1 EP 2196641 B1 EP2196641 B1 EP 2196641B1 EP 09450235 A EP09450235 A EP 09450235A EP 09450235 A EP09450235 A EP 09450235A EP 2196641 B1 EP2196641 B1 EP 2196641B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
exhaust
reflection chamber
line
gas line
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EP09450235A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2196641A1 (en
Inventor
Roland Dr. Kirchberger
Mario Dr. Hirz
Gernot Dipl.-Ing. Koller
Franz Dipl.-Ing. Winkler
Matjaz Dr. Korman
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Forschungsgesellschaft fur Verbrennungskraftmasch
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Forschungsgesellschaft fur Verbrennungskraftmaschi Nen und Thermodynamik Mbh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
    • F01N1/026—Annular resonance chambers arranged concentrically to an exhaust passage and communicating with it, e.g. via at least one opening in the exhaust passage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/06—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/14—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by adding air to exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2490/00—Structure, disposition or shape of gas-chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2490/00—Structure, disposition or shape of gas-chambers
    • F01N2490/16—Chambers with particular shapes, e.g. spherical

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder, the exhaust pipe has a merging into a sealed end reflection chamber diffuser and is connected between the diffuser and the cylinder to a at least one exhaust catalyst receiving exhaust gas outlet line.
  • the connected via a diffuser to the exhaust pipe, closed end reflection chamber also allows a gas-dynamic reaction to the exhaust gases to improve the purging and charging behavior of the two-stroke internal combustion engine by a corresponding vibration excitation of the exhaust gases.
  • the vibration behavior of the exhaust gases can not support the purging and the gas exchange to the extent expected.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, an exhaust system of the type described in such a way that advantageous to the rinsing process and the charge exchange influence can be taken to improve performance and reduce pollutant emissions, both in two-stroke as well four-stroke internal combustion engines.
  • the invention solves this task in that the exhaust gas outlet line is in fluid communication with the exhaust gas line via a partition provided with passages for the exhaust gas.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the unavoidable irregularities in the exhaust gas duct in the region of the connection of the exhaust gas outlet line to the exhaust pipe coming from the cylinder have a great effect on the gas-dynamic behavior of the exhaust gases and consequently impair the vibration behavior of the exhaust gas column between the cylinder and the reflection chamber , These impairments can be largely avoided in a surprising manner, if between the exhaust outlet and the exhaust pipe, a flow guide in the exhaust pipe supporting partition wall is provided with passages through which the exhaust stream from the exhaust system can flow through the catalytic converter.
  • the partition can be designed differently and used for example in the form of a grid, particularly favorable construction conditions arise when the wall of the exhaust pipe forms the partition, which then has to be provided with corresponding passage openings.
  • Good mixing ratios can be ensured, in particular, by virtue of the passage openings in the dividing wall consisting of longitudinal slots running in the axial direction of the exhaust pipe or round holes arranged one behind the other in the axial direction of the exhaust pipe.
  • the stratification is additionally broken in the deflection of the exhaust stream.
  • the turbulent energy in the exhaust gas flow is increased, so that can be expected with a sufficiently high exhaust gas temperature for a good response of the catalytic converter.
  • the improved by the inventive partition between the exhaust pipe and the exhaust gas outlet gas-dynamic behavior and the associated penetration into the charge cycle makes it useful to adjust the vibration behavior of the exhaust column between the reflection chamber and the cylinder to different engine loads.
  • the reflection chamber in its effective length depending on the engine speed, the engine load and / or the exhaust gas temperature can be made adjustable.
  • the requirement for a simple construction of such an adjustment requirement of a low exhaust gas temperature in the region of the reflection chamber is indeed fulfilled, but the hot exhaust gases are discharged through the exhaust gas outlet pipe in front of the closed end reflection chamber.
  • the z. B. can be wound in a worm shape or housed in frame parts of a vehicle.
  • the reflection chamber is provided in the region of its closed end with a closable by a check valve suction port for fresh air.
  • fresh air can be sucked into the reflection chamber via the suction opening, with the advantage that the reflection chamber with the upstream diffuser is flushed with fresh air, which counteracts the formation of condensate and makes deposits difficult.
  • the introduced fresh air causes additional cooling of the reflection chamber, wherein the fresh air is increasingly heated on its way to the exhaust gas outlet and is therefore admixed according preheated the derived through the partition hot exhaust gas stream.
  • the illustrated exhaust system has an exhaust pipe 1 which can be flanged to an exhaust port of the cylinder of a two-stroke engine or a four-stroke engine and which is connected via an exhaust manifold to a diffuser 3 passing into a reflection chamber 2.
  • the partition wall 9 can be formed by the wall of the exhaust pipe 1, as in the embodiments of the FIGS. 2 and 3 is shown. But it is also possible to close the opening between the exhaust pipe 1 and the exhaust gas outlet line 5 with a grid, through which the exhaust gases are discharged to the exhaust catalyst 4.
  • the partition wall 9 has indeed the task to preserve the gas-dynamic behavior of the exhaust column in the exhaust pipe 1 between the cylinder and the end closed reflection chamber 2 against disturbing flow influences in the region of the connection of the exhaust gas outlet line 5 by the flow conditions in the wall region of the exhaust pipe 1 via the connection opening the exhaust gas outlet line 5 away as possible to be maintained. Despite the necessary passages 8 in the partition wall 9, this is achieved in a surprising manner, so that the gas-dynamic behavior of the exhaust column in the exhaust pipe 1 can be advantageously used for flushing and loading the cylinder.
  • the resonance behavior of the exhaust gas column in the exhaust gas line 1 can be adapted to different operating modes of the internal combustion engine.
  • the reflection chamber 2 with a suitable Stelltrieb be provided, which can be controlled in dependence on the engine speed, the engine load and / or the exhaust gas temperature.
  • the passage openings 8 are formed in the partition wall 9 between the exhaust pipe 1 and the exhaust gas outlet pipe 5 as longitudinal slots which extend in the axial direction of the exhaust pipe 1.
  • This alignment of the slot-shaped passage openings 8 brings a good mixing of the deflected into the exhaust gas outlet pipe 5 exhaust gas flow with it.
  • Due to the cyclical rinsing and gas exchange processes in the cylinder the exhaust gases flowing out of the cylinder into the exhaust gas line 1 have a stratification with different concentrations of the exhaust gas constituents, which imposes high requirements with regard to the storage capacity on the exhaust gas catalytic converter 4. With a uniform concentration of the exhaust components over the entire exhaust gas flow therefore advantageous conditions can be ensured for the operation of the catalytic converter 4.
  • a comparable mixing of the exhaust gas flow is also achieved with passage openings 8 in the partition wall 9, which are arranged according to the embodiment 3 in the axial direction of the exhaust pipe 1 extending rows.
  • fresh air can be supplied to the exhaust stream. Due to the pronounced gas-dynamic behavior of the exhaust gas column in the region of the exhaust pipe 1, this fresh air can be sucked in via the closed end of the reflection chamber 2, which for this purpose forms a suction opening 12 provided with a check valve 11. During the negative pressure phase, fresh air is thus sucked in via the check valve 11 into the reflection chamber 2 and gradually shifted to the exhaust gas outlet line 5 in order to be admixed with the exhaust gases discharged via the exhaust gas outlet line 5.
  • An advantage of such a fresh air supply to the exhaust gases is that the reflection chamber 2 is flushed with the aid of fresh air, which complicates the application of deposits in this area of the exhaust pipe 1.
  • the reflection chamber 2 is additionally cooled by the fresh air, whereby the temperature load of these parts of the exhaust system is further reduced.
  • the heat absorbed by the fresh air during the cooling of the reflection chamber 2 and of the diffuser 3 in turn prevents cooling of the exhaust gases, which is unfavorable for the catalyst operation, by the added fresh air, so that particularly advantageous conditions are established for the fresh air supply.
  • the exhaust gas outlet line 5 may have a replaceable portion 13 accommodating the exhaust gas catalyst 4.
  • This interchangeable section offers the possibility of preselecting the distance of the catalytic converter 4 from the connection of the exhaust gas outlet line 5 to the exhaust pipe 1 as a function of the particular internal combustion engine used to ensure advantageous temperature conditions due to the preselected distance for the operation and the response of the catalytic converter 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Auspuffanlage für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit wenigstens einem Zylinder, dessen Abgasleitung einen in eine endseitig verschlossene Reflexionskammer übergehenden Diffusor aufweist und zwischen dem Diffusor und dem Zylinder an eine wenigstens einen Abgaskatalysator aufnehmende Abgasaustrittsleitung angeschlossen ist.The invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder, the exhaust pipe has a merging into a sealed end reflection chamber diffuser and is connected between the diffuser and the cylinder to a at least one exhaust catalyst receiving exhaust gas outlet line.

Um das Anspringen des Abgaskatalysators in der Auspuffanlage einer Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine zu verbessem, ohne das Schwingungsverhalten der Abgase für die Spülung und Ladung des Zylinders nachhaltig zu beeinträchtigen, wurde bereits vorgeschlagen ( AT 404 391 A ), die Abgasaustrittsleitung mit dem Abgaskatalysator in Strömungsrichtung der Abgase vor der endseitig verschlossenen Reflexionskammer, also im Bereich des Auspuffkrümmers, an die Abgasleitung anzuschließen, sodass die Temperatur des durch die Abgasaustrittsleitung abströmenden Abgases ausreichend hoch für ein zufriedenstellendes Anspringen des Abgaskatalysators ist, ohne den Abgaskatalysator durch eine Überhitzung zu gefährden. Die über einen Diffusor an die Abgasleitung angeschlossene, endseitig verschlossene Reflexionskammer erlaubt darüber hinaus eine gasdynamische Rückwirkung auf die Abgase, um das Spül- und Ladeverhalten der Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine durch eine entsprechende Schwingungsanregung der Abgase zu verbessern. Es hat sich allerdings herausgestellt, dass das Schwingungsverhalten der Abgase das Spülen und den Ladungswechsel nicht in dem erhofften Ausmaß unterstützen kann.In order to improve the starting of the catalytic converter in the exhaust system of a two-stroke internal combustion engine, without permanently affecting the vibration behavior of the exhaust gases for the purge and charge of the cylinder, has already been proposed ( AT 404 391 A ), the exhaust gas outlet pipe with the exhaust gas catalyst in the flow direction of the exhaust gases in front of the closed end reflection chamber, ie in the region of the exhaust manifold, connect to the exhaust pipe, so that the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas outlet line is sufficiently high for a satisfactory starting of the catalytic converter, without the exhaust gas catalyst endangered by overheating. The connected via a diffuser to the exhaust pipe, closed end reflection chamber also allows a gas-dynamic reaction to the exhaust gases to improve the purging and charging behavior of the two-stroke internal combustion engine by a corresponding vibration excitation of the exhaust gases. However, it has been found that the vibration behavior of the exhaust gases can not support the purging and the gas exchange to the extent expected.

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Auspuffanlage der eingangs geschilderten Art so auszugestalten, dass vorteilhaft auf den Spülvorgang und den Ladungswechsel Einfluss genommen werden kann, um das Leistungsverhalten zu verbessern und die Schadstoffemissionen zu verringern, und zwar sowohl bei Zweitakt- als auch bei Viertaktbrennkraftmaschinen.The invention is therefore based on the object, an exhaust system of the type described in such a way that advantageous to the rinsing process and the charge exchange influence can be taken to improve performance and reduce pollutant emissions, both in two-stroke as well four-stroke internal combustion engines.

Die Erfindung löst die diese Aufgabe dadurch, dass die Abgasaustrittsleitung über eine mit Durchtrittsöffnungen für das Abgas versehene Trennwand mit der Abgasleitung in Strömungsverbindung steht.The invention solves this task in that the exhaust gas outlet line is in fluid communication with the exhaust gas line via a partition provided with passages for the exhaust gas.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass sich die unvermeidbaren Unregelmäßigkeiten der Abgasführung im Bereich des Anschlusses der Abgasaustrittsleitung an die vom Zylinder kommende Abgasleitung in einem hohen Maße auf das gasdynamische Verhalten der Abgase auswirken und demzufolge das Schwingungsverhalten der Abgassäule zwischen dem Zylinder und der Reflexionskammer beeinträchtigen. Diese Beeinträchtigungen können in überraschender Weise weitgehend vermieden werden, wenn zwischen der Abgasaustrittsleitung und der Abgasleitung eine die Strömungsführung in der Abgasleitung unterstützende Trennwand mit Durchtrittsöffnungen vorgesehen wird, durch die der Abgasstrom aus der Auspuffanlage über den Abgaskatalysator ausströmen kann. Obwohl die Trennwand unterschiedlich ausgebildet und beispielsweise in Form eines Gitters eingesetzt werden kann, ergeben sich besonders günstige Konstruktionsbedingungen, wenn die Wand der Abgasleitung die Trennwand bildet, die dann mit entsprechenden Durchtrittöffnungen versehen werden muss.The invention is based on the finding that the unavoidable irregularities in the exhaust gas duct in the region of the connection of the exhaust gas outlet line to the exhaust pipe coming from the cylinder have a great effect on the gas-dynamic behavior of the exhaust gases and consequently impair the vibration behavior of the exhaust gas column between the cylinder and the reflection chamber , These impairments can be largely avoided in a surprising manner, if between the exhaust outlet and the exhaust pipe, a flow guide in the exhaust pipe supporting partition wall is provided with passages through which the exhaust stream from the exhaust system can flow through the catalytic converter. Although the partition can be designed differently and used for example in the form of a grid, particularly favorable construction conditions arise when the wall of the exhaust pipe forms the partition, which then has to be provided with corresponding passage openings.

Die Ableitung der Abgase über Durchtrittsöffnungen in einer Trennwand zwischen der Abgasleitung und der Abgasaustrittsleitung bringt darüber hinaus den Vorteil einer zusätzlichen Durchmischung des austretenden Abgasstromes mit sich. In diesem Zusammenhang ist nämlich zu bedenken, dass aufgrund der zyklisch ablaufenden Gaswechselvorgänge der aus dem Zylinder austretende Abgasstrom eine Schichtung mit unterschiedlicher Verteilung der Abgaskomponenten aufweist. Diese Schichtung kann durch die Umlenkung des Abgasstromes beim Durchströmen der Durchtrittsöffnungen in der Trennwand durchbrochen und dadurch eine gleichmäßigere Verteilung der Abgaskomponenten im Abgasstrom zum Abgaskatalysator erreicht werden, was sich vorteilhaft auf die Belastung des Abgaskatalysators auswirkt und geringere Anforderungen an die Speicherfähigkeit der eingesetzten Abgaskatalysatoren mit sich bringt. Gute Mischungsverhältnisse können insbesondere dadurch sichergestellt werden, dass die Durchtrittsöffnungen in der Trennwand aus in axialer Richtung der Abgasleitung verlaufenden Längsschlitzen oder in axialer Richtung der Abgasleitung hintereinander angeordneten Rundlöchern bestehen. Durch die in axialer Richtung der Abgasleitung verlaufenden Längsschlitze oder Lochreihen wird bei der Umlenkung des Abgasstromes die Schichtung zusätzlich gebrochen. Außerdem wird die turbulente Energie in der Abgasströmung erhöht, so dass mit einer ausreichend hohen Abgastemperatur für ein gutes Ansprechverhalten des Abgaskatalysators gerechnet werden kann.The derivation of the exhaust gases through passages in a partition wall between the exhaust pipe and the exhaust gas outlet line also brings the advantage of additional mixing of the exiting exhaust gas stream with it. In this context, it must be remembered that, due to the cyclical gas exchange processes, the exhaust gas stream leaving the cylinder has a stratification with a different distribution of the exhaust gas components. This stratification can be achieved by the diversion of the exhaust gas flow as it flows through the passage openings in the partition and thereby a more even distribution of the exhaust gas components are achieved in the exhaust gas to the catalytic converter, which has an advantageous effect on the load of the catalytic converter and brings lower demands on the storage capacity of the catalytic converters used. Good mixing ratios can be ensured, in particular, by virtue of the passage openings in the dividing wall consisting of longitudinal slots running in the axial direction of the exhaust pipe or round holes arranged one behind the other in the axial direction of the exhaust pipe. By extending in the axial direction of the exhaust pipe longitudinal slots or rows of holes, the stratification is additionally broken in the deflection of the exhaust stream. In addition, the turbulent energy in the exhaust gas flow is increased, so that can be expected with a sufficiently high exhaust gas temperature for a good response of the catalytic converter.

Das durch die erfindungsgemäße Trennwand zwischen der Abgasleitung und der Abgasaustrittsleitung verbesserte gasdynamische Verhalten und der damit verbundene Durchgriff auf den Ladungswechsel macht es sinnvoll, das Schwingungsverhalten der Abgassäule zwischen der Reflexionskammer und dem Zylinder an verschiedene Motorbelastungen anzupassen. Zu diesem Zweck kann die Reflexionskammer in ihrer wirksamen Länge in Abhängigkeit von der Motordrehzahl, der Motorbelastung und/oder der Abgastemperatur verstellbar ausgeführt werden. Die für eine einfache Konstruktion einer solchen Verstellung erforderliche Voraussetzung einer niedrigen Abgastemperatur im Bereich der Reflexionskammer ist ja erfüllt, werden doch die heißen Abgase durch die Abgasaustrittsleitung vor der endseitig verschlossenen Reflexionskammer abgeleitet. Dies bedeutet, dass sich hinsichtlich der gasdichten Abdichtung zwischen den gegeneinander verschiebbaren Teilen der Reflexionskammer keine ernsthaften Schwierigkeiten ergeben, sodass das Resonanzverhalten der Abgassäule über die in ihrer wirksamen Länge einstellbare Reflexionskammer feinfühlig an die jeweiligen Anforderungen angeglichen werden kann. Aufgrund der geringen Temperaturbelastung und des Umstandes, dass die Reflexionskammer mit dem vorgeschalteten Diffusor vom Abgas nicht durchströmt werden, eröffnen sich außerdem neue Möglichkeiten für die Formgebung dieser Konstruktionsteile, die z. B. in Schneckenform aufgewickelt oder in Rahmenteilen eines Fahrzeuges untergebracht werden können.The improved by the inventive partition between the exhaust pipe and the exhaust gas outlet gas-dynamic behavior and the associated penetration into the charge cycle makes it useful to adjust the vibration behavior of the exhaust column between the reflection chamber and the cylinder to different engine loads. For this purpose, the reflection chamber in its effective length depending on the engine speed, the engine load and / or the exhaust gas temperature can be made adjustable. The requirement for a simple construction of such an adjustment requirement of a low exhaust gas temperature in the region of the reflection chamber is indeed fulfilled, but the hot exhaust gases are discharged through the exhaust gas outlet pipe in front of the closed end reflection chamber. This means that there are no serious difficulties with respect to the gas-tight seal between the mutually displaceable parts of the reflection chamber, so that the resonance behavior of the exhaust column can be sensitively adjusted to the respective requirements via the adjustable in their effective length reflection chamber. Due to the low temperature load and the fact that the reflection chamber with the upstream diffuser from the exhaust not be flowed through, also open up new opportunities for the design of these structural parts, the z. B. can be wound in a worm shape or housed in frame parts of a vehicle.

Um die Schadstoffkonzentration der Abgase eines Verbrennungsmotors zu verringern, ist es bekannt, den Abgasen Frischluft zuzumischen. Mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Auspuffanlage ergeben sich hiefür besonders vorteilhafte Voraussetzungen, wenn die Reflexionskammer im Bereich ihres geschlossenen Endes mit einer durch ein Rückschlagventil verschließbaren Ansaugöffnung für Frischluft versehen wird. Während der Unterdruckphase kann über die Ansaugöffnung Frischluft in die Reflexionskammer mit dem Vorteil angesaugt werden, dass die Reflexionskammer mit dem vorgeschalteten Diffusor mit Frischluft gespült wird, was einer Kondensatbildung entgegenwirkt und Ablagerungen erschwert. Außerdem bewirkt die eingebrachte Frischluft eine zusätzliche Kühlung der Reflexionskammer, wobei sich die Frischluft auf ihrem Weg Zur Abgasaustrittsleitung zunehmend erwärmt und folglich entsprechend vorgewärmt dem durch die Trennwand abgeleiteten heißen Abgasstrom zugemischt wird.In order to reduce the pollutant concentration of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, it is known to mix the exhaust gases with fresh air. With an exhaust system according to the invention, this results in particularly advantageous conditions if the reflection chamber is provided in the region of its closed end with a closable by a check valve suction port for fresh air. During the negative pressure phase, fresh air can be sucked into the reflection chamber via the suction opening, with the advantage that the reflection chamber with the upstream diffuser is flushed with fresh air, which counteracts the formation of condensate and makes deposits difficult. In addition, the introduced fresh air causes additional cooling of the reflection chamber, wherein the fresh air is increasingly heated on its way to the exhaust gas outlet and is therefore admixed according preheated the derived through the partition hot exhaust gas stream.

In der Zeichnung ist der Erfindungsgegenstand beispielsweise dargestellt. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Auspuffanlage für eine Verbrennungskraftma- schine in einer schematischen, zum Teil aufgerissenen Seitenansicht,
Fig. 2
einen Axialschnitt durch die Abgasleitung im Bereich des Anschlusses der Abgasaustrittsleitung in einem größeren Maßstab und
Fig. 3
eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung einer Konstruktionsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen Auspuffanlage.
In the drawing, the subject invention is shown, for example. Show it
Fig. 1
an exhaust system according to the invention for an internal combustion engine in a schematic, partially torn-off side view,
Fig. 2
an axial section through the exhaust pipe in the region of the connection of the exhaust gas outlet line in a larger scale and
Fig. 3
one of the Fig. 2 corresponding representation of a design variant of an exhaust system according to the invention.

Die dargestellte Auspuffanlage weist eine an einen Abgasstutzen des Zylinders einer Zweitakt- bzw. eine Viertakt-Brennkraftmaschine anflanschbare Abgasleitung 1 auf, die über einen Auspuffkrümmer mit einem in eine Reflexionskammer 2 übergehenden Diffusor 3 verbunden ist. Die einen Abgaskatalysator 4 aufnehmende Abgasaustrittsleitung 5, die in herkömmlicher Weise mit einem Schalldämpfer 6 versehen ist, ist in Strömungsrichtung vor dem Diffusor 3 an die Abgasleitung 1 angeschlossen. Da der Gegenkonus 7 der Reflexionskammer 2 endseitig verschlossen ist, kann die gasdynamische Wirkung der Auspuffanlage im Bereich der Abgasleitung 1 für das Aufladen und Spülen des Zylinders ohne Beeinträchtigung durch den Abgaskatalysator 4 genützt werden. Dies wird vor allem deshalb möglich, weil die Abgasaustrittsleitung 5 über eine mit Durchtrittsöffnungen 8 versehene Trennwand 9 mit der Abgasleitung 1 in Strömungsverbindung steht. Die Trennwand 9 kann dabei durch die Wand der Abgasleitung 1 gebildet werden, wie dies in den Ausführungsbeispielen nach den Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellt ist. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Öffnung zwischen der Abgasleitung 1 und der Abgasaustrittsleitung 5 mit einem Gitter zu verschließen, durch das die Abgase zum Abgaskatalysator 4 ausgetragen werden. Die Trennwand 9 hat ja die Aufgabe, das gasdynamische Verhalten der Abgassäule in der Abgasleitung 1 zwischen dem Zylinder und der endseitig verschlossenen Reflexionskammer 2 vor störenden Strömungseinflüssen im Bereich des Anschlusses der Abgasaustrittsleitung 5 zu bewahren, indem die Strömungsbedingungen im Wandbereich der Abgasleitung 1 über die Anschlussöffnung der Abgasaustrittsleitung 5 hinweg möglichst beibehalten werden. Trotz der notwendigen Durchtrittsöffnungen 8 in der Trennwand 9 gelingt dies in überraschender Weise, sodass das gasdynamische Verhalten der Abgassäule in der Abgasleitung 1 vorteilhaft für das Spülen und Laden des Zylinders genützt werden kann.The illustrated exhaust system has an exhaust pipe 1 which can be flanged to an exhaust port of the cylinder of a two-stroke engine or a four-stroke engine and which is connected via an exhaust manifold to a diffuser 3 passing into a reflection chamber 2. The exhaust gas catalyst 4 receiving exhaust outlet 5, which in a conventional manner with a muffler 6 is provided, is connected in the flow direction in front of the diffuser 3 to the exhaust pipe 1. Since the counter-cone 7 of the reflection chamber 2 is closed at the end, the gas-dynamic effect of the exhaust system in the region of the exhaust pipe 1 can be utilized for charging and purging the cylinder without being adversely affected by the catalytic converter 4. This is possible above all because the exhaust gas outlet line 5 is in fluid communication with the exhaust gas line 1 via a partition wall 9 provided with passages 8. The partition wall 9 can be formed by the wall of the exhaust pipe 1, as in the embodiments of the FIGS. 2 and 3 is shown. But it is also possible to close the opening between the exhaust pipe 1 and the exhaust gas outlet line 5 with a grid, through which the exhaust gases are discharged to the exhaust catalyst 4. The partition wall 9 has indeed the task to preserve the gas-dynamic behavior of the exhaust column in the exhaust pipe 1 between the cylinder and the end closed reflection chamber 2 against disturbing flow influences in the region of the connection of the exhaust gas outlet line 5 by the flow conditions in the wall region of the exhaust pipe 1 via the connection opening the exhaust gas outlet line 5 away as possible to be maintained. Despite the necessary passages 8 in the partition wall 9, this is achieved in a surprising manner, so that the gas-dynamic behavior of the exhaust column in the exhaust pipe 1 can be advantageously used for flushing and loading the cylinder.

Da zufolge der Ableitung der heißen Abgase in Strömungsrichtung vor dem Diffusor 3 durch die Abgasaustrittsleitung 5 die Temperaturbelastung der Reflexionskammer 2 klein ausfällt, kann die axiale Länge der Reflexionskammer 2 in einfacher Weise durch ein teleskopartiges Gegeneinanderverschieben der entsprechend gegenseitig verschiebbaren Teile der Reflexionskammer 2 eingestellt werden, wie dies durch den Pfeil 10 angedeutet wird. Damit kann in vorteilhafter Art das Resonanzverhalten der Abgassäule in der Abgasleitung 1 an unterschiedliche Betriebsarten der Verbrennungskraftmaschine angepasst werden. Zu diesem Zweck kann die Reflexionskammer 2 mit einen geeigneten Stelltrieb versehen werden, der in Abhängigkeit von der Motordrehzahl, der Motorbelastung und/oder der Abgastemperatur angesteuert werden kann.Since, according to the discharge of the hot exhaust gases in the flow direction in front of the diffuser 3 through the exhaust gas outlet line 5, the temperature load of the reflection chamber 2 fails small, the axial length of the reflection chamber 2 can be adjusted in a simple manner by a telescoping Gegeneinanderverschieben the corresponding mutually displaceable parts of the reflection chamber 2, as indicated by the arrow 10. Thus, in an advantageous manner, the resonance behavior of the exhaust gas column in the exhaust gas line 1 can be adapted to different operating modes of the internal combustion engine. For this purpose, the reflection chamber 2 with a suitable Stelltrieb be provided, which can be controlled in dependence on the engine speed, the engine load and / or the exhaust gas temperature.

Gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach der Fig. 2 sind die Durchtrittsöffnungen 8 in der Trennwand 9 zwischen der Abgasleitung 1 und der Abgasaustrittsleitung 5 als Längsschlitze ausgebildet, die in axialer Richtung der Abgasleitung 1 verlaufen. Diese Ausrichtung der langschlitzförmigen Durchtrittsöffnungen 8 bringt eine gute Durchmischung der in die Abgasaustrittsleitung 5 umgelenkten Abgasströmung mit sich. Aufgrund der zyklischen Spül- und Ladungswechselvorgänge im Zylinder weisen die aus dem Zylinder in die Abgasleitung 1 ausströmenden Abgase eine Schichtung mit unterschiedlichen Konzentrationen der Abgasbestandteile auf, was an den Abgaskatalysator 4 hohe Anforderungen hinsichtlich der Speicherfähigkeit mit sich bringt. Mit einer gleichmäßigen Konzentration der Abgasbestandteile über die gesamte Abgasströmung können daher für den Betrieb des Abgaskatalysators 4 vorteilhafte Bedingungen sichergestellt werden. Eine vergleichbare Durchmischung der Abgasströmung wird auch mit Durchtrittsöffnungen 8 in der Trennwand 9 erreicht, die gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel 3 in axialer Richtung der Abgasleitung 1 verlaufenden Reihen angeordnet sind.According to the embodiment of the Fig. 2 the passage openings 8 are formed in the partition wall 9 between the exhaust pipe 1 and the exhaust gas outlet pipe 5 as longitudinal slots which extend in the axial direction of the exhaust pipe 1. This alignment of the slot-shaped passage openings 8 brings a good mixing of the deflected into the exhaust gas outlet pipe 5 exhaust gas flow with it. Due to the cyclical rinsing and gas exchange processes in the cylinder, the exhaust gases flowing out of the cylinder into the exhaust gas line 1 have a stratification with different concentrations of the exhaust gas constituents, which imposes high requirements with regard to the storage capacity on the exhaust gas catalytic converter 4. With a uniform concentration of the exhaust components over the entire exhaust gas flow therefore advantageous conditions can be ensured for the operation of the catalytic converter 4. A comparable mixing of the exhaust gas flow is also achieved with passage openings 8 in the partition wall 9, which are arranged according to the embodiment 3 in the axial direction of the exhaust pipe 1 extending rows.

Zur Reduzierung des Schadstoffgehaltes im Abgasstrom von Verbrennungskraftmaschine kann dem Abgasstrom Frischluft zugeführt werden. Aufgrund des ausgeprägten gasdynamischen Verhaltens der Abgassäule im Bereich der Abgasleitung 1 kann diese Frischluft über das geschlossene Ende der Reflexionskammer 2 angesaugt werden, die zu diesem Zweck eine mit einem Rückschlagventil 11 versehene Ansaugöffnung 12 bildet. Während der Unterdruckphase wird somit Frischluft über das Rückschlagventil 11 in die Reflexionskammer 2 angesaugt und allmählich zur Abgasaustrittsleitung 5 verlagert, um den über die Abgasaustrittsleitung 5 abgeführten Abgasen zugemischt zu werden. Vorteilhaft bei einer solchen Frischluftzuführung zu den Abgasen ist, dass die Reflexionskammer 2 mit Hilfe der Frischluft gespült wird, was das Ansetzen von Ablagerungen in diesem Bereich der Abgasleitung 1 erschwert. Außerdem wird die Reflexionskammer 2 durch die Frischluft zusätzlich gekühlt, wodurch die Temperaturbelastung dieser Teile der Auspuffanlage weiter verringert wird. Die bei der Kühlung der Reflexionskammer 2 und des Diffusors 3 von der Frischluft aufgenommene Wärme verhindert wiederum eine für den Katalysatorbetrieb ungünstige Abkühlung der Abgase durch die hinzugefügte Frischluft, sodass sich für die Frischluftzufuhr besonders vorteilhafte Verhältnisse einstellen.To reduce the pollutant content in the exhaust stream of internal combustion engine fresh air can be supplied to the exhaust stream. Due to the pronounced gas-dynamic behavior of the exhaust gas column in the region of the exhaust pipe 1, this fresh air can be sucked in via the closed end of the reflection chamber 2, which for this purpose forms a suction opening 12 provided with a check valve 11. During the negative pressure phase, fresh air is thus sucked in via the check valve 11 into the reflection chamber 2 and gradually shifted to the exhaust gas outlet line 5 in order to be admixed with the exhaust gases discharged via the exhaust gas outlet line 5. An advantage of such a fresh air supply to the exhaust gases is that the reflection chamber 2 is flushed with the aid of fresh air, which complicates the application of deposits in this area of the exhaust pipe 1. In addition, the reflection chamber 2 is additionally cooled by the fresh air, whereby the temperature load of these parts of the exhaust system is further reduced. The heat absorbed by the fresh air during the cooling of the reflection chamber 2 and of the diffuser 3 in turn prevents cooling of the exhaust gases, which is unfavorable for the catalyst operation, by the added fresh air, so that particularly advantageous conditions are established for the fresh air supply.

Die Abgasaustrittsleitung 5 kann einen den Abgaskatalysator 4 aufnehmenden, auswechselbaren Abschnitt 13 aufweisen. Dieser auswechselbare Abschnitt bietet die Möglichkeit, den Abstand des Abgaskatalysators 4 vom Anschluss der Abgasaustrittsleitung 5 an die Abgasleitung 1 in Abhängigkeit von der jeweils eingesetzten Verbrennungskraftmaschine vorzuwählen, um aufgrund des vorgewählten Abstandes für den Betrieb und das Ansprechverhalten des Abgaskatalysators 4 vorteilhafte Temperaturverhältnisse sicherzustellen. The exhaust gas outlet line 5 may have a replaceable portion 13 accommodating the exhaust gas catalyst 4. This interchangeable section offers the possibility of preselecting the distance of the catalytic converter 4 from the connection of the exhaust gas outlet line 5 to the exhaust pipe 1 as a function of the particular internal combustion engine used to ensure advantageous temperature conditions due to the preselected distance for the operation and the response of the catalytic converter 4.

Claims (5)

  1. Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder whose exhaust gas line (1) comprises a diffusor (3) passing into a reflection chamber (2) closed on the end-side, said exhaust gas line bering connected between the diffusor (3) and the cylinder to an exhaust gas outlet line (5) accommodating at least one exhaust gas catalytic converter (4), characterised in that the exhaust gas outlet line (5) is in flow-communication with the exhaust gas line (1) via a partition wall (9) provided with through-going apertures (8) for the exhaust gas.
  2. Exhaust system as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the wall of the exhaust gas line (1) forms the partition wall (9).
  3. Exhaust system as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the through-going apertures (8) in the partition wall (9) consist of longitudinal slots extending in the axial direction of the exhaust gas line (1) or of round holes disposed one behind the other in the axial direction of the exhaust gas line (1).
  4. Exhaust system as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the effective length of the reflection chamber (2) can be adjusted in dependence upon the rotational speed of the engine, the engine load and/or the exhaust gas temperature.
  5. Exhaust system as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the reflection chamber (2) comprises in the region of its closed end an intake aperture (12), provided with a non-return valve, for fresh air.
EP09450235A 2008-12-12 2009-12-14 Exhaust assembly for a combustion engine Active EP2196641B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0193208A AT507634B1 (en) 2008-12-12 2008-12-12 EXHAUST SYSTEM FOR A COMBUSTION ENGINE

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EP2196641B1 true EP2196641B1 (en) 2012-01-04

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11255231B2 (en) 2017-08-15 2022-02-22 Arctic Cat, Inc. Pressurized oil system powered by two-stroke engine
US11668226B2 (en) 2017-08-15 2023-06-06 Arctic Cat Inc. Snowmobile having a parallel-path exhaust system for two-stroke engine

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012120037A2 (en) 2011-03-09 2012-09-13 Makita Corporation Two-stroke engine comprising a muffler
DE202011000535U1 (en) * 2011-03-09 2012-06-12 Makita Corporation Two-stroke engine with a silencer
US10800490B2 (en) * 2017-01-25 2020-10-13 Brp-Rotax Gmbh & Co. Kg Exhaust assembly, exhaust system, and power pack for a vehicle

Family Cites Families (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2138510A (en) * 1930-02-10 1938-11-29 Carl F Rauen Muffler
US2739661A (en) * 1952-07-25 1956-03-27 Walker Mfg Company Of Wisconsi Muffler
JPS621380Y2 (en) * 1980-10-20 1987-01-13
JPS60142009A (en) * 1983-12-28 1985-07-27 Ishikawajima Shibaura Kikai Kk Exhaust device of two-cycle engine
AT404391B (en) 1989-11-10 1998-11-25 Pischinger Rudolf Dipl Ing Dr Exhaust system for a two-stroke internal combustion engine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11255231B2 (en) 2017-08-15 2022-02-22 Arctic Cat, Inc. Pressurized oil system powered by two-stroke engine
US11668226B2 (en) 2017-08-15 2023-06-06 Arctic Cat Inc. Snowmobile having a parallel-path exhaust system for two-stroke engine
US11702965B2 (en) 2017-08-15 2023-07-18 Arctic Cat Inc. Pressurized oil system powered by two-stroke engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT507634B1 (en) 2011-01-15
EP2196641A1 (en) 2010-06-16
AT507634A1 (en) 2010-06-15
ATE540202T1 (en) 2012-01-15

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