EP2186283A2 - Procédé et système d'émission et de réception de signaux - Google Patents

Procédé et système d'émission et de réception de signaux

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Publication number
EP2186283A2
EP2186283A2 EP08839289A EP08839289A EP2186283A2 EP 2186283 A2 EP2186283 A2 EP 2186283A2 EP 08839289 A EP08839289 A EP 08839289A EP 08839289 A EP08839289 A EP 08839289A EP 2186283 A2 EP2186283 A2 EP 2186283A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
symbols
signal power
hoq
loq
power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08839289A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2186283A4 (fr
Inventor
Woo Suk Ko
Sang Chul Moon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LG Electronics Inc
Original Assignee
LG Electronics Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by LG Electronics Inc filed Critical LG Electronics Inc
Publication of EP2186283A2 publication Critical patent/EP2186283A2/fr
Publication of EP2186283A4 publication Critical patent/EP2186283A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/38—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0071—Use of interleaving
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/3405—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/36—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/38—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
    • H04L27/3809—Amplitude regulation arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H04L5/005—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver of common pilots, i.e. pilots destined for multiple users or terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0057—Block codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L2001/0092—Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link
    • H04L2001/0093—Point-to-multipoint

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of efficiently transmitting and receiving signals and efficient transmitter and receiver for an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system including a TFS (Time-Frequency Slicing).
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • TFS Time-Frequency Slicing
  • TFS Time Frequency Slicing
  • a single service can be transmitted through multiple RF (Radio Frequency) channels on a two-dimensional time-frequency space.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • FDM frequency-division multiplexing
  • a large number of closely-spaced orthogonal sub-carriers are used to carry data.
  • the data are divided into several parallel data streams or channels, one for each sub-carrier.
  • Each sub-carrier is modulated with a conventional modulation scheme (such as quadrature amplitude modulation or phase shift keying) at a low symbol rate, maintaining total data rates similar to conventional single-carrier modulation schemes in the same bandwidth.
  • a conventional modulation scheme such as quadrature amplitude modulation or phase shift keying
  • OFDM has developed into a popular scheme for wideband digital communication, whether wireless or over copper wires, used in applications such as digital television and audio broadcasting, wireless networking and broadband internet access.
  • a method of transmitting signals for an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system including TFS (Time Frequency Slicing), comprising: encoding bitstreams; performing a hybrid modulation on the encoded bitstreams to transform the encoded bitstreams into symbols; adjusting a signal power of the symbols; and encoding the signal power adjusted symbols into a multiple signal or a single signal.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • TFS Time Frequency Slicing
  • a receiver for an OFDM system including TFS comprising: a demodulator configured to transform received signals into OFDM symbols; a power calibrator configured to adjust a signal power of the OFDM symbols; a demapper configured to transform the signal power adjusted OFDM symbols into bitstreams; and a decoder configured to correct errors in the bitstreams.
  • a method of receiving signals for an OFDM system including TFS comprising: transforming received signals into OFDM symbols; adjusting a signal power of the OFDM symbols; transforming the signal power adjusted OFDM symbols into bitstreams; and correcting errors in the bitstreams.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an example of a TFS (Time Frequency Slicing)-OFDM
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an example of the input processor shown in the Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an example of the BICM (Bit-Interleaved Coding and
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an example of the Frame Builder shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is a table of an example of a hybrid modulation ratio when an LDPC block length is 64,800 bits.
  • Fig. 6 is a table of an example of a hybrid modulation ratio when an LDPC block length is 16,200 bits.
  • Fig. 7 is a block diagram of an example of the QAM mapper shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 8 is a block diagram of an example of the QAM mapper combined with an inner encoder and an inner interleaver.
  • Fig. 9 is an example of HOQ/LOQ power calibrations applied to QAM mappers using hybrid modulation.
  • Fig. 10 is an example of HOQ/LOQ power calibration applied to QAM mapper which is combined with inner interleaver.
  • Fig. 11 is an example of a bit interleaver.
  • Fig. 12 is a table of an example of the bit interleaver when an LDPC block length is
  • Fig. 13 is a table of an example of the bit interleaver when an LDPC block length is
  • Fig. 14 is an example of the demux shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 15 is another example of the demux shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 16 shows six example of demultiplexer. Each of the examples shows a method of assigning different reliability to bits located in column of bit-interleaver.
  • Fig. 17 shows an example of a demultiplexer. It is a structure appropriate for being used with FEC which has various characteristics for each code rate such as irregular
  • Fig. 18 shows an example of a DEMUX selection signal.
  • Fig. 19 is a relationship between an input bitstream of the bit interleaver and an output bitstream of the demux.
  • Fig. 20 is an example of a QAM symbol mapping.
  • Fig. 21 is a block diagram of an example of the MIMO/MISO decoder shown in Fig.
  • Fig. 22 is a block diagram of an example of the modulator, specifically an example of an OFDM modulator.
  • FIG. 23 is a block diagram of an example of the analog processor shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 24 is a block diagram of an example of a TFS-OFDM receiver.
  • Fig. 25 is a block diagram of an example of the AFE (Analog Front End) shown in
  • Fig. 24 is a block diagram of an example of the demodulator, specifically an OFDM demodulator.
  • Fig. 27 is a block diagram of an example of the MIMO/MISO decoder shown in Fig.
  • Fig. 28 is a block diagram of an example of the frame parser shown in Fig. 24.
  • Fig. 29 is a block diagram of an example of the QAM demapper shown in Fig. 28.
  • Fig. 30 is a block diagram of an example of the QAM demapper combined with an inner deinterleaver.
  • Fig. 31 shows an example of QAM demapper which is a counterpart of the Fig. 9.
  • Fig. 32 shows an example of QAM demapper combined with inner deinterleaver which is a counterpart of the Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 33 shows an example of multiplexer which is a counterpart of Fig. 17.
  • Fig. 34 is a block diagram of an example of the BICM decoder shown in Fig. 24.
  • Fig. 35 is a block diagram of an example of the output processor shown in Fig. 24.
  • Fig. 1 shows an example of proposed TFS (Time Frequency Slicing)-OFDM
  • a multiple MPEG2-TS (Transport Stream) and a multiple Generic stream can be inputted into a TFS transmitter.
  • the input processor (101) can split the inputted streams into a multiple output signals for a multiple PLP (Physical Layer Path).
  • the BICM (Bit-Interleaved Coding and Modulation) (102) can encode and interleave the PLP individually.
  • the frame builder (103) can transform the PLP into total R of RF bands.
  • MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple- Output)/MIS O (Multiple-Input Single- Output) (104) technique can be applied for each RF band.
  • Each RF band for each antenna can be individually modulated by the modulator (105a, b) and can be transmitted to antennas after being converted to an analog signal by the analog processor (106a, b).
  • Fig. 2 is an example of the input processor.
  • MPEG-TS Transport Stream
  • Generic streams Internet protocol
  • GSE General Stream Encapsulation
  • Each output from the TS-MUX and GSE can be split for multiple services by the service splitter (202a, b).
  • PLP is a processing of each service.
  • Each PLP can be transformed into a frame by the BB (Baseband) Frame (103a ⁇ d).
  • Fig. 3 is an example of the BICM.
  • the outer in- terleaver (302) and the inner interleaver (304) can interleave data randomly to mitigate burst errors.
  • Fig. 4 is an example of the frame builder.
  • QAM mapper (401a, b) can transform inputted bits into QAM symbols.
  • Hybrid QAM can be used.
  • Time domain interleaver (402a, b) can interleave data in time domain to make the data be robust against burst error. At this point, an effect of interleaving many RF bands can be obtained in a physical channel because the data are going to be transmitted to a multiple RF bands.
  • TFS frame builder (403) can split inputted data to form TFS frames and send the TFS frames to total R of RF bands according to a TFS scheduling.
  • Each RF band can be individually interleaved in frequency domain by frequency domain interleaver (404a, b) and can become robust against frequency selective fading.
  • Ref Reference Signals
  • PL Physical Layer
  • pilots can be inserted when the TFS frame is built (405).
  • an Odd-QAM which transmits odd number of bits per QAM symbol
  • hybrid 128-QAM can be obtained by hybriding 256-QAM and 64-QAM
  • hybrid 32-QAM can be obtained by hybriding 64-QAM and 16-QAM
  • hybrid 8-QAM can be obtained by hybriding 16-QAM and 4-QAM.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show examples of a hybrid ratio when DVB-S2 LDPC (Low Density
  • Parity Check code is used as an inner code.
  • the first column on the table represents constellation type.
  • HOQ (Higher-Order QAM) ratio represents a ratio for higher-order QAM between two QAM types.
  • LOQ (Lower-Order QAM) ratio is 1-HOQ ratio.
  • Hybrid QAM can be obtained by two adjacent Even-QAMs.
  • HOQ bits and LOQ bits represent number of bits used for mapping into HOQ symbol and LOQ symbol respectively in one LDPC block.
  • HOQ symbols and LOQ symbols represent number of symbols after symbol mapping. Total symbol is a sum of the HOQ symbols and the LOQ symbols.
  • the last column on the table represents effective number of bits transmitted per QAM symbol. As seen on the table, only Hybrid 128-QAM shows a slight difference from 7 bit/cell.
  • Fig. 6 shows a case when LDPC block length is 16,200 bits.
  • the value of the total symbols should be divisible by a least common multiple of each index number of RF band. For example, if six RF bands are allowed, then the value of total symbols on the table should be divisible by a least common multiple of 1 through 6, i.e., 60. For the case shown in Fig. 5, it is divisible. However, for the case shown in Fig. 6, it is not divisible.
  • the total symbols on the table can be made divisible by 60 by combining four of the LDPC blocks into a single LDPC block having a length of 64,800 as in Fig. 5.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of QAM mapper using hybrid modulation.
  • Bit stream parser(c-401) can parse inputted bitstreams into HOQ mapper(c-402a) and LOQ mapper(c-402b).
  • the symbol merger(c-403) can merge the two inputted symbol streams into a single symbol stream.
  • FEC (Forward Error Correction) block merger (c-404), for example, can combine four of bit symbol blocks having a length of 16,200 into a single block having a length of 64,800.
  • Fig. 8 shows an example of QAM mapper combined with inner interleavers.
  • Bitstreams can be divided by bitstream parser (d-402) into bitstreams for HOQ and LOQ mappers.
  • Each bitstream goes through bit interleaving (d-403a, d-403b) and demux (d-404a, d-404b) processes. Throughout these processes, characteristics of LDPC codeword and constellation reliability can be combined.
  • Each output can be converted into symbolstreams by the HOQ and LOQ mappers (d-405a, d-405b), then merged into a single symbols tream by the symbol merger (d-406).
  • FIG. 9 shows an example of HOQ/LOQ power calibrations applied to QAM mappers using a hybrid modulation.
  • Bitstream parser (c 1-401) can split inputted bitstreams into HOQ mapper (cl-402a) and LOQ mapper (cl-402b).
  • Power calibrations (cl-403a and c 1 -403b), which can optimize performance while maintaining a total transmission power, can be performed to the outputted symbol streams from the HOQ mapper (cl-402a) and LOQ mapper (cl-402b).
  • Symbol merger (c 1-404) can merge the two symbol streams into a single symbol stream.
  • FEC block merger (c 1-405) can merge four of symbol blocks corresponding to 16,200 bits into a single symbol block corresponding to 64,800 bits when a length of the inputted symbol block is 16,200 bits.
  • Fig. 10 shows an example of HOQ/LOQ power calibration applied to QAM mapper which is combined with an inner interleaver.
  • LDPC encoded (d 1-401) bitstreams can be split into bitstreams by bitstream parser (d 1-402) for HOQ and LOQ mapping.
  • Each bitstream can be bit interleaved (dl-403a and dl-403b) and demuxed (dl-404a and dl-404b) and can have characteristics of LDPC codeword and constellation reliability.
  • Each output can be transformed into symbol stream by symbol mapper (dl-405a and dl-405b).
  • An optimum value of power can be applied by the power calibrations (dl-406a and dl-406b) to each QAM while maintaining a total transmission power.
  • the two symbol streams can be merged into a single symbol stream by the symbol merger (d 1-407).
  • Fig. 11 shows an example of bit interleaving. Bits can be saved into a matrix type memory having columns and rows in the direction of column or in the direction of the blue arrow. Then the saved bits can be read out in the direction of row or in the direction of the red arrow.
  • Figs. 12 and 13 show numbers of columns and rows of HOQ bit interleaver (d-403a) and LOQ bit interleaver (d-403b) according to QAM modulation type. As seen in the tables, when a typical even-QAM is used but a hybrid modulation is not used, only HOQ interleaving is used.
  • Fig. 14 shows an example of the demux. It shows that interleaved outputs according to QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, and 256-QAM can be demultiplexed and mapped. It also shows that the numbers of output bitstreams from demuxs are 2, 4, 6, and 8 respectively.
  • FIG. 15 Detail of the demux operation is shown in Fig. 15.
  • output order of interleaver can be changed by demux.
  • bitstreams can be outputted as j-th output bitstream of each demux according to a value resulting from performing a modulo-4 operation on index of input bitstream b.
  • Fig. 15 shows a relationship between a value resulting from a modulo operation and demux output branch index j.
  • Fig. 16 shows six examples of demultiplexer. Each of the example shows a method of assigning different reliability to bits located in column of bit-interleaver. In other words, yO,O and yl,0 indicate MSB (Most significant bit) in constellation, thus indicate high reliability. As the number increases, it becomes LSB and indicates low reliability. Six methods are suggested.
  • mapping method used in DVB-T an opposite mapping method to the mapping method used in DVB-T, a bowl-type which assigns high priority to each end of column of bit-interleaver, a bulge-type which assigns high priority in the middle of column, an increasing-type which assigns high priority in the right side of column, and a decreasing-type which assigns high priority in the left side of column.
  • these examples simply relates to a sequence of data being read by bit- interleaver, thus, can reduce or eliminate a physical load to an encoder and a decoder.
  • Fig. 17 shows an example of a demultiplexer. It is a structure appropriate for being used with FEC which has various characteristics for each code rate such as irregular LDPC.
  • DEMUX g3-404
  • DEMUX selection signal a demultiplexer which is appropriate for a coderate and constellation used in the FEC can be used.
  • Fig. 18 shows an example of a DEMUX selection signal. This signal is appropriate for an LDPC and a QAM modulation used in DVB-S2. [All] means that all demultiplexer can be used, while [No-int, No-Demux] means signal which didn't go through Bit-interleaver and demultiplexer being used for mapping. The other numbers shown indicate type number of the demultiplexer shown in the Fig. 16.
  • Fig. 19 shows a relationship between an input bitstream of bit interleaver and an output bitstream of demux. As seen in the equations, dividing index of input bitstream by 2, 4, 6, and 8 is a result by the interleaving and mapping each index to index of output bitstream is a result by the demux.
  • Fig. 20 shows an example of QAM symbol mapping.
  • Output bitstream of demux can be converted into symbolstream by using Gray mapping rule. Even if it is not shown, it can be extended to constellation of 256-QAM or more.
  • Fig. 21 shows an example of MIMO/MISO Encoder.
  • MIMO/MISO Encoder (501) applies MIMO/MISO method to obtain an additional diversity gain or payload gain.
  • MIMO/MISO Encoder can output signals for total A of antennas.
  • MIMO encoding can be performed individually on total A of antenna signals for each RF band among total R of RF bands.
  • A is equal to or greater than 1.
  • Fig. 22 shows an example of a modulator, specifically an example of an OFDM modulator.
  • PAPR Peak- to- Average Power Ratio
  • IFFT 602
  • PAPR reduction 2 603
  • ACE Active Constellation Extension
  • a tone reservation can be used for the PAPR reduction 2 (603).
  • guard interval 604
  • Fig. 23 shows an example of the analog processor. Output of each modulator can be converted to an analog-domain signal by a DAC (Digital to Analog Conversion) (701), then can be transmitted to antenna after up-conversion (702). Analog filtering (703) can be performed.
  • DAC Digital to Analog Conversion
  • Fig. 24 shows an example of a TFS-OFDM receiver.
  • AFE Analog Front End
  • demodulators 802a,b
  • MIMO/MISO Decoder 803
  • Frame parser 804
  • BICM decoder 805
  • output processor 806
  • Fig. 25 shows an example of an AFE (Analog Front End).
  • FH Frequency
  • Hopping-tuner (901) can perform a frequency hopping and tune signals according to inputted RF center frequency. After down-conversion (902), signals can be converted to digital signals by ADC (Analog to Digital Conversion) (903).
  • ADC Analog to Digital Conversion
  • Fig. 26 shows an example of a demodulator, specifically an OFDM demodulator.
  • TFS detector (1001) can detect TFS signals in a received digital signal.
  • Channel Estimation (1005) can estimate distortion in a transmission channel based on pilot signals. Based on the estimated distortion, Channel Equalization (1006) can compensate distortion in the transmission channel.
  • PL Physical Layer
  • Fig. 27 shows an example of MIMIO/MISO decoder. Diversity and multiplexing gain can be obtained from data received from total B of antennas. For MIMO, B is greater than 1. For MISO, B is 1.
  • Fig. 28 shows an example of a Frame parser.
  • Total R of the inputted RF bands data can undergo frequency deinterleaving (1201a, b), then can be reconstructed into datastream by TFS frame parser for each PLP (Physical Layer Path) according to a TFS scheduling.
  • PLP Physical Layer Path
  • input data for BICM decoder can be obtained by using time domain deinterleaver (1203a, b) and QAM demapper (1204a, b).
  • hybrid QAM demapper can be used as the QAM demapper.
  • Fig. 29 shows an example of performing a QAM demapper, which is a counterpart of
  • FEC block splitter can split inputted symbol block unit having 64,800 bits into four symbol blocks of 16,200 bits when short DVB-S2 LDPC mode is used.
  • Symbol splitter (a- 1202) can split inputted symbol streams into two symbol streams for HOQ and LOQ demapper.
  • HOQ demapper (a- 1203a) and LOQ demapper (a- 1203b) can perform HOQ and LOQ demapping respectively.
  • Bitstream merger (a- 1204) can merge two inputted bit streams into a single output bitstream.
  • Fig. 30 shows an example of a QAM demapper combined with inner deinterleavers which are counterparts of Fig. 8 of transmitter.
  • symbol splitter (b-1201) can split output of time domain deinterleaver into two symbol streams for HOQ and LOQ demappers.
  • HOQ and LOQ Demapper (b- 1202a, b- 1202b) can convert sym- bolstreams into bitstreams.
  • Each bitstream can be rearranged by multiplexer (b- 1203a, b- 1203b), which is a counterpart of the demux of Fig. 8 of transmitter.
  • bit deinterleavers (b- 1204a, b- 1204b) can deinterleave bitstreams according to constellation type.
  • bitstream merger (b-1205) can merge bitstreams into a single bitstream, then LDPC decoder (b-1206) can correct errors in a transmission channel.
  • Fig. 31 shows an example of QAM demapper which is a counterpart of the Fig. 9.
  • FEC block splitter can split a symbol block which corresponds to 64,800 bits into four symbol blocks each corresponding to 16,200 bits when a length of the inputted symbol block is 64,800 bits.
  • Symbol splitter (c-1202) can split the inputted symbol streams into symbol streams for HOQ demapping and symbol streams for LOQ demapping.
  • HOQ Power Calibration (c- 1203a) and LOQ Power Calibration (c- 1203b) can calibrate QAM power and Noise variance by taking into account power applied to QAM at transmitter.
  • HOQ demapper (c- 1204a) and LOQ demapper (c- 1204b) can perform HOQ demapping and LOQ demapping respectively.
  • Bitstream merger (c-1205) can merge two inputted streams into a single bit stream.
  • Fig. 32 shows an example of a QAM demapper combined with inner deinterleaver which is a counterpart of the Fig. 10.
  • Symbol splitter (d-1201) can split output from PLP time deinterleaver into two symbol stream for HOQ demapping and LOQ demapping.
  • Power Calibration (d- 1202a and d- 1202b) can calibrate QAM power and Noise variance by taking into account power applied to QAM at transmitter.
  • the symbols can be transformed into bit streams by the demapper (d- 1203a and d- 1203b).
  • Each bit stream can be rearranged by multiplexer (d- 1204a and d- 1204b) which is an inverse function of demultiplexer shown in Fig. 10.
  • bit deinterleavers (d- 1205a and d- 1205b) can deinterleave the bit stream according to constellation type.
  • bitstream merger (d-1206) can merge the bit streams into a single bit stream and the LDPC decoder (d-1207) can correct error in transmission channel.
  • Fig. 33 shows an example of multiplexer which is a counterpart of Fig. 17.
  • Fig. 33 is an example of multiplexer shown in Fig. 30 (b- 1203a and b- 1203b) and Fig. 32 (d-1204a and d- 1204b).
  • Suggested structure can include a case where a hybrid modulation and a single QAM are used.
  • QAM demapped (e-1201) bit streams can be controlled to pass the mux which is an inverse function of demux applied at transmitter.
  • bit streams can be dein- terleaved by bit-deinterleaver (e-1205).
  • bit-deinterleaver e-1205
  • Fig. 34 shows an example of a BICM decoder.
  • Inner deinterleaver (1301) and outer deinterleaver (1303) can convert burst errors in a transmission channel into random errors.
  • Inner decoder (1302) and outer decoder (1304) can correct errors in the transmission channel.
  • Fig. 35 shows an example of an output processor.
  • BB Baseband
  • (1401a ⁇ d) can reconstruct input data into total P of PLP data.
  • Service mergers (1402a, b) can merge data into a single TS (Transport Stream) and a single GSE stream.
  • TS-demux (1403a) can reconstruct original TS.
  • GSE Decapsulation (1403b) can reconstruct generic stream.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
  • Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des procédés d'émission efficace de signaux, un récepteur efficace, ainsi que des procédés de réception efficace des signaux. En particulier, la présente invention concerne un récepteur et des procédés de réception consistant à régler la puissance du signal de symboles. En outre, la présente invention concerne des procédés d'émission efficace de signaux qui constituent des contreparties aux procédés de réception.
EP08839289A 2007-10-18 2008-10-16 Procédé et système d'émission et de réception de signaux Withdrawn EP2186283A4 (fr)

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US10570395B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2020-02-25 Voyager Therapeutics, Inc. Modulatory polynucleotides
US10597660B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2020-03-24 Voyager Therapeutics, Inc. Compositions and methods of treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10335466B2 (en) 2014-11-05 2019-07-02 Voyager Therapeutics, Inc. AADC polynucleotides for the treatment of parkinson's disease
US11027000B2 (en) 2014-11-05 2021-06-08 Voyager Therapeutics, Inc. AADC polynucleotides for the treatment of Parkinson's disease
US11975056B2 (en) 2014-11-05 2024-05-07 Voyager Therapeutics, Inc. AADC polynucleotides for the treatment of Parkinson's disease
US10570395B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2020-02-25 Voyager Therapeutics, Inc. Modulatory polynucleotides
US10597660B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2020-03-24 Voyager Therapeutics, Inc. Compositions and methods of treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
US10920227B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2021-02-16 Voyager Therapeutics, Inc. Compositions and methods of treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
US11198873B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2021-12-14 Voyager Therapeutics, Inc. Modulatory polynucleotides
US11542506B2 (en) 2014-11-14 2023-01-03 Voyager Therapeutics, Inc. Compositions and methods of treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
US11759506B2 (en) 2017-06-15 2023-09-19 Voyager Therapeutics, Inc. AADC polynucleotides for the treatment of Parkinson's disease

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