EP2180453B1 - Safety material with web-like knitted fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

The security material (10) that consists of a right electrically conductive wire (14) that is arranged in longitudinal direction (18) of web-like interlaced fabric (12). A left electrically conductive wire (16) is extended in meandering manner across entire width (B) of interlaced fabric along its longitudinal direction.

Description

The invention relates to a security material with a web-like knitted fabric and integrated, insulated, electrically conductive wires according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such materials are known and used for the detection of burglary, especially in truck or shipping containers. Other possible applications include securing valuable products, land, fences, warehouses, museums, etc. In this case, the security material may be made so thin that an intruder usually does not notice the presence of the security material or regard it as packaging or covering material. In such a case, a loud or silent alarm can be triggered in a monitoring station or the intrusion into a database can be noted.

If the security material is severed at any point, the hair-fine wires integrated therein are also injured, which detects a connected transmitter and interpreted as an intrusion attempt.

From the US 2006/0261259 A1 a generic safety material for lining a burglar-proof container is known. The meandering loops of a wire or fiber optic network are arranged within the web-like base material. So that the sensitive wire material in the loop areas is not overstressed, the loops can be formed with relatively large radii.

Other safety materials are about from the EP 0 725 881 B1 or the US 7,352,284 B2 known.

Subject of WO 02/103647 A1 is a safety contact mat having two opposing spaced conductive layers which are to be brought into contact for closing an electrical contact.

WO 93/23648 A1 describes a laminate structure for the construction of containers or rooms to be secured, the laminate structure containing an alarm mat consisting of electrically conductive wires or glass fibers.

Out US 4,234,875 is a safety plate with integrated signal-carrying conductors known. An alarm is triggered when one of the conductors is changed.

US 4,867,820 is about making a laminate in which an optical fiber is sandwiched between two glass plates. A signal transmitted through the optical fiber serves to monitor the integrity of the laminate.

The object of the invention is to provide a security material with a web-like knitted fabric and wires integrated therein, which is inexpensive and easy to manufacture and nevertheless reliably detects damage to the security material.

This object is achieved by a safety material having the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

The safety material according to the invention is characterized in that a first wire is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the web-like knitted fabric and that a second wire runs meander-shaped over the width of the web-like knitted fabric in its longitudinal direction.

A basic idea of the invention can be seen in the way in which the security material is penetrated by wires. In this case, a wire runs through the web-like knitted fabric along the width like a loop, so that the surface passed through by the wire covers the area of the fabric. Another wire is connected to the other wire at one end of the web-like knit and then fed back along the length thereof. By measuring the conductivity at the two remaining free ends of the wires thus a break-in, in which a wire is cut, can be detected in a simple manner. Such a wire arrangement can be produced effectively and economically in a knitted fabric.

According to the invention, it is particularly preferred that the first wire is arranged at an edge of the knitted fabric. As a result, it is advantageously achieved that electrical connections, be it connections to a measuring electronics or connections to the second wire can be made at the edge of the knitted fabric. This has the advantage that connection cables do not have to be cumbersome with detours from the lateral center of the knitted fabric to the connection points, but can be connected directly and in a space-saving manner.

Basically, it is possible that the wires do not protrude over the side surface to protect against damage to at least one side surface of the knitted fabric. By this arrangement of the wires, be it in the middle of the fabric or on a front or back side of the fabric, it is advantageously achieved that the sensitive wires are prevented from accidental damage, for example when installing the security material.

Furthermore, it is preferred according to the invention that the distance between two adjacent sections of the second wire is in the order of magnitude of millimeters, in particular 2.3 mm. The distance can be between 1 mm and 20 mm. This ensures that the wire mesh, which extends in the longitudinal direction and over the width of the web-like knitted fabric, in particular in sections or over the entire width of the knitted fabric, a very thin-meshed network with a maximum Represents a distance of the order of millimeters. This makes it almost impossible for a burglar to cut through the security material, without causing the meandering second wire is damaged.

In this context, another particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the wires are enamel-insulated metal wires, in particular copper wires, whose diameters are in the order of a few 50 micrometers, in particular 100 to 150 microns. By the paint insulation of the metal wires is advantageously achieved that in case of contact with electrically conductive objects, such. As metals or the like, no electrical connection between different wire sections can be made, which could interfere with a connected measuring electronics, which measures the conductivity or other electrical properties of the metal wires. Copper is excellently suited because copper has a very good conductivity. Due to the small diameter of the wires is advantageously achieved that even penetration attempts violate such a wire or cut with little effort, whereupon the penetration test is detected.

According to the invention it is further provided that each wire has in each case a connecting element for electrically connecting the wires to a measuring electronics. This advantageously achieves that the wires can be connected in a simple manner - by connecting the connecting elements with the corresponding connecting elements of a measuring electronics or the like - to an analysis device. In particular, it is thought to analyze the resistance or the temporal variation of the conductivity, in particular of the two wires connected in series. In this way it can be determined whether the two wires are intact or have already been severed. By monitoring with temporal variation also a possible bridging can be detected. By pulsed measuring methods it is also possible to detect at which point along the length of the web-like knitted fabric an interruption of a wire has taken place when pairs of lines, such as twin strands or coaxial cables, are used. In general, the position can be recognized if there is a constant characteristic impedance along the line. As a knitted fabric is in particular a structure to be considered, which is partially a fabric and partially a knit.

In this case, it is further particularly preferred that the first wire and the second wire are electrically connected to one another at their adjacent ends, and the other two ends of the wires are connected to the measuring electronics for measuring the conductivity of the connected wires. By virtue of this measure, taking into account that the two wires cover the entire surface of the web-like knit tightly, it is achieved that the complete surface of the safety material can be monitored. Thus, any injury at any location greater than a mesh can be detected. Thus, a safety monitoring of any area that can be covered by a web-like material is possible with a high safety standard.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the electrical connection of the wires with the measuring electronics by soldering, welding or by means of cutting clamps. By means of these joining techniques, an easy-to-implement, inexpensive and reliable electrical connection between the wires is advantageously achieved.

Furthermore, it is provided according to the invention that the electrical connection of the wires to the measuring electronics takes place via a printed circuit board fastened to the fabric. It is particularly preferred that the connection between one of the wires and a connection point on the circuit board is located directly under the surface of the circuit board. However, depending on the geometry of the first and second wires, it is also possible for the connection point between the first or second wire and the connection point on the circuit board to be connected via an additional wire. From the connection point on the circuit board leads a conductor to another terminal, which is connected to the measuring electronics, for example by a cable. It is particularly advantageous that the circuit board for mechanical strain relief also attached to the fabric, in particular mechanically interlocked or glued, is. It may be provided depending on the purpose that the circuit board is flexible or stiff.

According to the invention, the meanders of the second wire protrude laterally beyond the web-like knit in the form of loops. This form of wire loops is very easy to make in practice.

In this context, according to the invention, the lateral knitted edges and the wire loops for protecting the wire loops are embedded in a seam band, in particular with a thickness of 250 μm. Since the loop shape of the wires projecting laterally out of the knitted fabric can easily be damaged, protection of the wires is necessary. For this purpose, a seam tape, in particular a so-called hot-melted (hotmelt) seam tape is used. The elongated band is placed lengthwise around an edge of the knit and thus along the wire loops, then folded down to the two side surfaces of the knit and squeezed with the adhesive side against the respective side surfaces of the knit. Preferably, the tape is pressed without folding into the knit with heat. It is also possible to use a simple adhesive tape.

A further advantageous embodiment of the security material according to the invention is characterized in that the knitted fabric for the passage of lines, feedthroughs, connecting and fastening elements or the like has an opening, without being interrupted at the location of the opening wire connections. According to the invention, two options are provided here. In the first possibility, a printed circuit board which is larger than the opening and whose interconnects connect the respective ends of each wire connection is fastened to the knitted fabric via the opening. The circuit board must also have an opening that is at least large enough to fit through the feedthrough used. This advantageously achieves that through the security material passages, such as e.g. Lines, connections and fasteners can pass through the security material, without damaging the close-meshed wire mesh thereby. Another way to provide an opening in the security material is to incorporate a narrow slot along the width of the fabric along the wire sections of the second wire into the knit. If the two slot ends in the knitted fabric are moved toward each other, a slot-shaped opening is formed in the knitted fabric through which feedthroughs can be inserted. Furthermore, the knit in the vicinity of the slot can be reinforced by a seam band, which is also cut open at the slot opening.

Finally, it is inventively preferred that the knitted fabric at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction, in particular every 25 mm, has a marking line in the form of a missing, running along the width of the thread. Because the material is like a web is present, it is thus possible in a simple manner to gauge certain lengths of the material and cut off. Since the marking line runs in the form of a missing thread in the material, the material at this point is also easy to cut.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Aufsicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausfüh- rungsform eines Sicherheitsmaterials;

Fig. 2

die elektrische Kontaktierung des Sicherheitsmaterials aus Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

in einer schematischen Seitenansicht die elektrische Kontaktie- rung der Drähte für eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung;

Fig. 4 und 5

weitere Ausführungsformen mit Öffnungen im Gewirk zur Durch- führung von Leitungen.

The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying figures of preferred embodiments. Hereby show:

Fig. 1

a schematic plan view of an embodiment according to the invention of a security material;

Fig. 2

the electrical contact of the safety material Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

in a schematic side view of the electrical contacting of the wires for an embodiment of the invention;

4 and 5

Further embodiments with openings in the knitted fabric for the passage of lines.

Fig. 1 shows a security material according to the invention 10 consisting of a web-like knitted fabric 12 and integrated, insulated, electrically conductive wires 14, 16. A first wire 14 is disposed at the edge of the fabric 12 in the longitudinal direction 18 of the web-like knitted fabric 12. A second wire 16 extends over the entire width B of the web-like knitted fabric 12 meandering along the longitudinal direction 18 of the knitted fabric 12 and thus crosses the first wire 14 several times. The adjacent parallel portions of the second wire 16 each have a distance D from each other. In the bends of the meandering course of the second wire 16 arise wire loops 28 which protrude in the direction of the width B of the web-like knitted fabric 12 over the edges of the fabric 12. In the knit 12 are also at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction marking lines 30 in the form of a missing over the entire width of the knit 12 extending yarn. The knit 12 itself may be constructed on monofilament or multifilament yarns, in particular of a plastic. In the longitudinal direction 18, the threads, like the first wire 14, can be arranged as weft threads, while the threads running in the width direction and the second wire 16 can be regarded as warp threads.

Fig. 2 illustrates the electrical connections 36 of a security material 10 according to the invention Fig. 1 , After the sheet-like security material 10 has been cut to length, at the left and right ends of the fabric 12, a course of the first wire 14 and second wire 16 as in Fig. 2 pictured arise. The first wire 14 and the second wire 16 are connected in the present embodiment at the left end by two electrical connections 36 with each other electrically conductive. At the right end of the two wires 14, 16 are each connected via a cable with a measuring electronics 20. As a result of this arrangement, the two wires 14, 16 are connected in series, as it were, and both ends of this series connection are connected to the measuring electronics 20. The measuring electronics 20 measures the electrical conductivity of the series connection of the first wire 14 and the second wire 16 and the intermediate cable 42. Due to the arrangement of the electrical connections 36 in Fig. 2 it is not possible the portions of the wires 14, 16 left of the electrical connection 36 on the left side of Fig. 2 and the portions of the wires 14, 16 to the right of the electrical connection 36 on the right side of FIG Fig. 2 to eat. In order to ensure as extensive as possible burglar detection, it is thus advantageous to attach the electrical connections 36 between the wires 14, 16 at the outer ends of the knitted fabric 12. The fabric 12 can be folded over during installation at the edge, so that the monitoring is given to the edge.

Fig. 3 illustrates the electrical contacting of the wires 14, 16 of the security material 10 according to the invention Fig. 2 , In the plane of the knitted fabric 12, a portion of the knit fabric 12 is in the vicinity of the in Fig. 2 Right seen to see electrical connection 36 with a circuit board 26 which is mounted on the fabric 12. The circuit board 26 is mounted on a side surface of the fabric 12 so that the circuit board 26 overlies one or two sections of the second wire 16. This allows the two electrical connections 36, which in Fig. 2 on the right side are directly connected to the printed circuit board 26, for example by soldering. Starting from these electrical connections 36, cables 42 are led to the measuring electronics 20. Alternatively, all wires and electrical connections may be disposed on a side surface of the fabric 12.

4 and FIG. 5 describe two embodiments of a security material 10 according to the invention, in which there are 12 openings 22, 24 in the knitted fabric. Fig. 4 shows a plan view of such a security material 10, in which the knitted fabric 12 a Hole was cut and the severed wire sections were replaced by corresponding tracks 38 of a circuit board 26. For this purpose, a circuit board 26 which is larger than the opening 22 is fastened to the opening 12 located in the knitted fabric 12. Through the opening 22, for example, a bolt 32 can be inserted through the knit 12. Around the opening 22 are located above and below a plurality of wire ends 40, which are formed when creating the opening 22. The conductor tracks 38 of the printed circuit board 26 must therefore be positioned so that they connect the respective wire ends 40, which were previously connected to each other by wire sections, bypassing the opening 22 by an electrical connection 36 with each other.

Fig. 5 represents another way to incorporate an opening in the security material 10. For this purpose, the knitted fabric 12 at the point at which the knitted fabric 12 is to be cut open, first reinforced by means of a seam tape 34 and then cut along two parallel wire sections of the second wire 16. If the two ends of the cut are pushed against each other, a slot-shaped opening 24 is formed, through which, for example, a bolt 32 can be pushed.

Claims (12)

1. Security material (10) having a web-like fabric (12) and insulated, electrically conductive wires (14, 16) integrated therein,
   wherein a first wire (14) is arranged in the longitudinal direction (18) of the web-like fabric (12) and
   a second wire (16) extends in a meandering manner across the width (B) of the web-like fabric (12) in the longitudinal direction thereof,
   characterized in that
   the meanders of the second wire (16) protrude laterally in the form of wire loops (28) from the web-like fabric (12) and
   for protection of the wire loops (28), the lateral fabric edges and the wire loops (28) are embedded in a seam tape, in particular having a thickness of 250 µm.
2. Security material according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the first wire (14) is arranged on a periphery of the fabric (12).
3. Security material according to any one of claims 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the spacing (D) of two adjacent sections of the second wire (16) to each other lies in the range of millimeters, in particular 2.3 mm.
4. Security material according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
   characterized in that
   the wires (14, 16) are enamel-insulated metal wires, in particular copper wires, the diameters of which lie in the range of some 50 micrometers, in particular between 100 and 150 µm.
5. Security material according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that
   each wire (14, 16) has a respective connecting element for electrically connecting the wires to measurement electronics (20).
6. Security material according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
   characterized in that
   the first wire (14) and the second wire (16) are electrically connected to each other at their adjacent ends and the two other ends of the wires (14, 16) are connected to the measurement electronics (20) for measuring the conductivity of the connected wires (14, 16).
7. Security material according to claim 5 or 6,
   characterized in that
   the electrical connection of the wires (14, 16) to the measurement electronics (20) is effected through soldering, welding or by means of insulation displacement connectors.
8. Security material according to any one of claims 5 to 7,
   characterized in that
   the electrical connection of the wires (14, 16) to the measurement electronics (20) is effected by way of a printed circuit board (26) fixed on the fabric (12).
9. Security material according to claim 8,
   characterized in that
   the printed circuit board (26) is flexible.
10. Security material according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    the fabric (12) has an opening (22) for passing through lines, feed-throughs, connecting and fixing elements or the like, without interrupting wire connections at the place of the opening (22),
    whereby on the fabric a printed circuit board (26) is fixed above the opening (22), which is larger than the opening (22) and whose conductor paths connect the respective ends of each wire connection to each other.
11. Security material according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    the fabric (12) has a slot-shaped opening (24) for passing through lines, connecting elements or the like, without interrupting wire connections at the place of the opening (24),
    whereby the slot extends along the sections of the second wire (16) and the fabric in the vicinity of the slot is reinforced by a seam tape.
12. Security material according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
    characterized in that
    the fabric (12) has at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction, in particular every 25 mm, a marker line (30) in the form of a missing thread that extends along the width.

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