EP2174533A1 - Control for discharge lamp - Google Patents
Control for discharge lampInfo
- Publication number
- EP2174533A1 EP2174533A1 EP08776221A EP08776221A EP2174533A1 EP 2174533 A1 EP2174533 A1 EP 2174533A1 EP 08776221 A EP08776221 A EP 08776221A EP 08776221 A EP08776221 A EP 08776221A EP 2174533 A1 EP2174533 A1 EP 2174533A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- discharge lamp
- pulse
- optical
- storage capacitor
- sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/30—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by pulses, e.g. flash lamp
- H05B41/32—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by pulses, e.g. flash lamp for single flash operation
- H05B41/325—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by pulses, e.g. flash lamp for single flash operation by measuring the incident light
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/30—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by pulses, e.g. flash lamp
- H05B41/34—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by pulses, e.g. flash lamp to provide a sequence of flashes
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to controls for discharge lamps suitable for providing broadband incoherent light sources suitable for medical and cosmetic applications.
- discharge lamps for providing incoherent light sources for such purposes have several advantages over traditional laser technology, including their low cost, and the facts that they produce multiple wavelengths permitting multiple uses, and are subject to less stringent regulatory control.
- a typical discharge lamp for such medical and cosmetic applications comprises a xenon arc flashlamp located within a reflector shaped to direct the optical output from the flashlamp to a treatment site.
- Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings shows such a lamp which includes a discharge tube 1 mounted in a reflector housing 2 having an aperture 3 over which is located a suitable transparent light guide 4, which is used to collect both the reflected and direct illumination light from the flashlamp and deliver it to a treatment site.
- Such a flashlamp is typically driven by a capacitor discharge circuit where the electrical energy required is stored in a capacitor until an output optical pulse is required;
- Fig 2 of the accompanying drawings shows a simple circuit for such a flashlamp, in which discharge tube 1 is supplied by a trigger transfomer 5 and a sttorage capacitor 6f .
- the electrical energy is delivered to the flashlamp, thereby converting the electrical energy to optical output.
- the current flowing through the flashlamp varies during the pulse, proportional to the discharge characteristics of the capacitor. This variation in the current during the pulse produces a varying intensity of optical energy and induces a shift in the output wavelength spectra as the output wavelength is determined by the plasma temperature within the flashlamp, and the plasma temperature is governed by the current flowing.
- this approach does not provide constant optical output, because the output optical power can depend upon many external factors that are not manifested as variation in current. These factors include, but are not limited to, gas fill pressure, gas purity, operating temperature, flashlamp envelope degradation, flashlamp envelope coating (often flashlamps are coated to improve conduction) or flashlamp envelope doping (doping the enevelope can selectively filter certain wavelengths). Many of these parameters can vary during usage; for example, it is common for flashlamp output to degrade through usage as contaminants can cause optical fluctuations. Such contaminants can cause optical degradation but may not affect the current flowing in the flashlamp.
- the present invention therefore provides a system comprising, in combination, at least one electric discharge lamp capable of generating an incoherent output optical pulse of a range of wavelengths in the visible spectrum, the optical pulse having a predetermined time interval and a predetermined total electrical energy input for the pulse, and a drive circuit for delivering a plurality of energy pulses to said electrical discharge lamp, the drive circuit comprising a) a storage capacitor capable of storing electrical energy input to the circuit, b) a charger for repeatedly charging the storage capacitor; c) a switch for delivering the electrical energy input from the storage capacitor to the discharge lamp; and d) drive means for selectively opening and closing the switch throughout the predetermined time interval to permit delivery of a plurality of packets of energy to the discharge lamp, each packet being of duration less than the predetermined time interval; the combination further comprising an optical sensor for sensing an optical output from the discharge lamp; and a control for operating the drive means in response to changes in optical output detected by the sensor.
- the present invention further provides an electric discharge lamp capable of generating a broadband output pulse of a range of wavelengths in the visible spectrum, the output pulse having a predetermined time interval and a predetermined total electrical energy input for the pulse, in combination with a drive circuit for delivering energy pulses to the electrical discharge lamp, a sensor for sensing an optical output from the discharge lamp; and a control mechanism for operating the drive circuit in response to parameters detected by the sensor.
- the time interval for the optical pulse is typically 1 to 100 milliseconds (such as 10 to 100 milliseconds), whereas the individual packets of energy typically have an order of magnitude lower, such as a duration of 5 to 25 microseconds.
- control includes a processor unit arranged to compare optical output sensed by the sensor with precalibrated values stored in a memory unit.
- control mechanism includes a high speed analog to digital converter for each sensor output.
- a plurality of the discharge lamps is used; this enables a more uniform optical output to be achieved.
- Such a plurality of lamps is typically provided in a single reflector unit with a single light guide for the lamps.
- the system preferably includes means for shutting down the discharge lamps when a detector indicates that one of the lamps has failed to generate the output pulse.
- the present invention further provides a method of driving a pulsed radiation source such as a discharge lamp, the method comprising providing a storage capacitor so as to be capable of storing electrical energy required to be delivered to the radiation source, and selectively charging the storage capacitor so as to deliver the energy pulse to the radiation source in the form of a plurality of packets of energy within a predetermined time interval, in which the optical output from the radiation source is sensed and delivery of energy from the storage capacitor to the radiation source is controlled in response to optical parameters sensed by the sensor.
- a pulsed radiation source such as a discharge lamp
- the invention provides an optical cosmetic method of treatment, which comprises providing an electrical energy input to a discharge lamp so as to produce an optical output pulse directed towards animal tissue, the discharge lamp being driven by a method as just described.
- Fig 1 schematically illustrates a typical reflector and light guide combinatiuon for use in a system according to the invention
- Fig 2 is a graph showing optical output versus time for a conventional flashlamp system
- Fig 3 shows an exemplary circuit and optiical feedback system for use according to the invention.
- Fig 4 shows an exemplary digital control suitable for use in the system of Fig 3.
- a power supply 11 has an AC mains supply 12 (typically at 110V or 240V AC 50/60Hz) which is converted to a DC voltage.
- This DC voltage is used to charge energy storage capacitor C1 , the voltage to which capacitor C1 is charged being controlled via the SET signal from a digital control system 13 to the power supply 1 1.
- a capacitor voltage Vc is monitored by the digital control system 13; when Vc is reached, the control system 13 turns off the power supply 1 1.
- semiconductor switches 14 and 15 are in OFF mode inhibiting current flow through the remainder of the circuit.
- Flashlamps 16 and 17 are both in open-circuit mode, that is, there is no conduction path through the flashlamps. Capacitor C1 maintains its stored charge until required.
- the flashlamps 16 and 17 When optical output from the flashlamps 16 and 17 is required, firstly the flashlamps have to be "broken down” or “triggered” to create a conduction path through the gas within the flashlamp.
- a high voltage spike is applied to the external surface of the flashlamp glass envelope via external trigger planes 18 and 19.
- the control system 13 signals a trigger circuit 20 via a TRIG signal.
- the trigger circuit 20 applies a voltage pulse to the primary (Pri) winding of each of trigger transformers T1 and T2.
- the voltage on the primary winding (Pri) is amplified to induce a higher voltage on the trigger transformer secondary (Sec) windings.
- the resulting trigger spikes Vp 1 and V T2 are typically 5 to 1OkV with a duration of 10 microseconds whilst the primary voltage pulse is in the order of 200 to 400V.
- This high voltage spike on the exterior of the flashlamp ionises Xenon gas within the flashlamp leading to the formation of a conduction path from the flashlamp anode to cathode.
- semiconductor switches 14 and 15 are turned on (that is, closed) to provide a conduction path, via control signals SW 1 and SW 2 from the control system 13.
- inductors L1 and L2 both flashlamps ground producing the optical output from the ionised xenon gas within the flashlamps. Whilst the current is flowing through switches 14 and 15, and both flashlamps, from capacitor C1 , inductors L1 and L2 store a proportion of the energy delivered from C1.
- the control system 13 opens switch 14 or switch 15 accordingly to prevent further current flow from C1 through the corresponding flashlamp. For example, if flashlamp 16 reaches a preset optical output value, switch 14 is opened via SW 1 from the control system 13 thereby preventing further current flow from capacitor C1.
- switch 15 is closed, the stored energy within the inductor L1 induces a current which flows through flashlamp 16 via diode D1 (commonly referred to as a "flywheel” diode").
- the optical output is monitored by the control system 13 via S1 and when this current decays to a predefined low point, switch 15 is closed thereby allowing current flow to resume from C1 which both maintains output in the flashlamp and stores energy within the inductor. This process operates concurrently and independently for flashlamp 17.
- the optical output from the flashlamps can be maintained at a constant level for the duration of the required optical pulse (typically having a duration in the order of 1 to 100 milliseconds).
- the duty ratio between the on and off times of both switches 14 and 15 is varied during the pulse to compensate for the voltage drop in capacitor C1 during the release of its stored energy.
- the digital control system comprises a processor unit 31 which contains suitable control software algorithms for operation.
- the charge voltage of the capacitor C1 monitored by the V c signal is fed into an analog to digital converter 32, the digital output of which is read by the processor unit 31.
- the processor unit controls the power supply via the SET signal, when the desired V c is reached, the power supply output is terminated.
- capacitor C1 is recharged by the power supply as commanded by the processor unit 31.
- An operator of the apparatus selects the desired output optical parameters of energy, pulse duration and pulse sequence (single or multiple pulses) through a user Interface 33.
- a data table contained within the memory unit 34 is referenced by the processor unit 31 to obtain the predefined sensor readings which correspond to the level of output optical power required.
- the signals from optical sensors 21 and 22 are converted to digital format by two independent analog to Digital Converters 34,35 to be read by the processor unit 31 and compared to the predefined values as defined in the data table stored in the memory unit 34.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0714126A GB0714126D0 (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2007-07-20 | Control for discharge lamp |
PCT/GB2008/050586 WO2009013524A1 (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2008-07-17 | Control for discharge lamp |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2174533A1 true EP2174533A1 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
Family
ID=38476647
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08776221A Withdrawn EP2174533A1 (en) | 2007-07-20 | 2008-07-17 | Control for discharge lamp |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2174533A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2010534387A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101828431A (en) |
GB (1) | GB0714126D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009013524A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7795819B2 (en) | 2004-06-03 | 2010-09-14 | Cyden Limited | Discharge lamp controls |
GB2470927A (en) | 2009-06-10 | 2010-12-15 | Dezac Group Ltd | Phototherapy apparatus with skin temperature control |
CN103108428A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-15 | 宁波金辉摄影器材有限公司 | Energy saving system of photoflood lamp |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3033191A1 (en) * | 1979-09-19 | 1981-04-02 | Xerox Corp., 14644 Rochester, N.Y. | FLASH LIGHTING DEVICE |
DE4141675A1 (en) * | 1991-01-09 | 1992-07-16 | Heimann Gmbh | Flashlamp operation circuit performing continuous on=off switching - utilises semiconductor switch with photodiode in control circuit monitoring limiting current during discharge of capacitor |
JP3740209B2 (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 2006-02-01 | キヤノン株式会社 | Flash device |
US6888319B2 (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2005-05-03 | Palomar Medical Technologies, Inc. | Flashlamp drive circuit |
US7245224B2 (en) * | 2004-08-13 | 2007-07-17 | Dell Products Lp | Methods and systems for diagnosing projection device failure |
-
2007
- 2007-07-20 GB GB0714126A patent/GB0714126D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2008
- 2008-07-17 CN CN200880107966A patent/CN101828431A/en active Pending
- 2008-07-17 WO PCT/GB2008/050586 patent/WO2009013524A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-07-17 EP EP08776221A patent/EP2174533A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-07-17 JP JP2010516599A patent/JP2010534387A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2009013524A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2010534387A (en) | 2010-11-04 |
WO2009013524A1 (en) | 2009-01-29 |
GB0714126D0 (en) | 2007-08-29 |
CN101828431A (en) | 2010-09-08 |
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