EP2158944A2 - Excercise machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The machine has a bottom bracket/crank lever (3) connected with a braking unit (2), and a seating unit i.e. bareback pad, mechanically connected with the braking unit. A lifting unit (5) determines rotational movement of motors (4) in cyclic translational, linear or arc-shaped stroke. The bottom bracket/crank lever is mechanically connected with the lifting unit, where amplitude of the lifting unit is independent of the rotation of the motor. The seating unit is connected with a wheel covering super structure (6).

Description

The present invention relates to a training device which acts on a unidirectional translational movement under dynamic load on the upper and / or lower extremities.

The use of vibration to improve conditional and / or coordinative performance factors, especially in sports, has been known for some time.

A variety of available devices uses the so-called whole-body vibration (or "WBV" = "whole body vibration"). Here, the human body - placed on a vibration plate without special decoupling measures. A major problem of whole-body vibrations is that the vibrations generated there are in some cases above the occupationally-medical permissible limits in accordance with DIN ISO 2631. In addition, resonance conflicts reduce the duration of application with resulting (time-limiting) efficiency minimization. The constructive feature isolation of these devices on the uniform neuromotor stimulation of intramuscular coordination, with focus of the conditional force component, leads to a lack of broad conditional-coordinative multifunctionality of whole body vibration.

A combination of whole body vibration with a dynamic load is out of the US 2005/0165332 A1 known. There it is disclosed to subject various cardio machines (such as steppers or ergometers) to vibration. The vibration is generated by electromagnetic actuators or rotating eccentric weights. The US 2005/0165332 A1 moreover discloses that a vibration amplitude of less than 2 mm, in particular less than 0.5 mm, is required in order to achieve the desired influences (positive influence on bone growth). Higher amplitudes, so the US 2005/0165332 A1 , have significant disadvantages on the human body and lead, inter alia, to bone fractures.
A disadvantage of these devices is that design-related amplitudes of more than 2 mm can not be provided and vibrations with 2 mm stroke - such as an ergometer - act so strong on the seat unit that prolonged use of such devices due to the disadvantages described above medical view is excluded.

Another development is from the WO 2006/069988 known. There, partial body vibration is provided in combination with dynamic loading for the lower and / or upper extremities. Partial body vibration ensures that the vibration does not affect the head in a deleterious manner, a prolonged stimulus of vibration to the human organism is possible for the first time without the otherwise negative effects of whole body vibration. This Teilkörpervibrationsbeaufschlagung with simultaneous dynamic load has - compared to the so-called whole-body vibration - completely different influences on the human body (see. H. Kleinöder, T. Remppel, L. Heredener, Z. Lue, J. Mester, "Effects of a bicycle specific endurance training with and without vibration", presented at the 11th Congress on 5.-8. July 2006 at the European Congress of Sports Scientists, Lausanne ).
The vibration is generated by unbalance transmission of a vibration generator, the motor is frequency-dependent controlled. The vibration thus generated is then transmitted via a vibration plate on the bottom bracket / crank unit. In this vibration generation, the rotational movement of the vibration generator is converted into imbalance weights or eccentric bearings in a vibrating motion and transmit the vibration thus generated by mechanical fasteners on the bottom bracket / crank unit. Due to the design principle arises in this training device, a frequency-dependent vibration amplitude: at low frequency, the amplitude is higher at high frequency, the amplitude is lower. The difference is sometimes considerable: for example, the amplitude difference may be more than 10 mm between 15 and 50 hertz.

In the WO 2006/069988 A1 but also the use of vibration generators with two motors is disclosed, which are arranged side by side and rotate in the opposite direction, so that a possible unilaterally directed vibration vibration is generated. However, with the use of two motors, an exact alignment of the two eccentric weights is not given - a small adjustments in the position of only one of the eccentric weights causes the force vector of the directional vibration is displaced in the radial direction.
Also, the use of two vibration motors to produce a possible unilateral vibration has the decisive disadvantage that the effect of the absolutely necessary mechanical decoupling with the seat unit damper effect a frequency-dependent amplitude modulation.

Furthermore, in the use of vibration motors to produce a possible unilateral vibration with an amplitude of more than 2 mm stroke such large eccentric weights are necessary that the vibrations through which in the rest Direction scattering centrifugal forces are generated, are still so high that at least the noise, often in combination with the natural resonance of the devices, a use in sensitive areas (eg in private applications) is not possible. Depending on the level of unwanted vibration, the stability of the equipment may also be impaired (walking away due to vibration).

However, the devices of the prior art have the disadvantage that partial body vibrations or strokes on the extremities of the human body with more than 2 mm stroke can not be exercised over the physiologically effective frequency range between 15 and 40 Hz, without causing significant amplitude changes within the Frequency range between 15 and 40 Hz comes.

Object of the present invention is to provide a training device that provides a partial body vibration with simultaneous dynamic load, in particular for the lower and / or upper extremities, wherein the vibration amplitude in use is independent of the selected vibration frequency.

1. a. die Sitzeinheit (1) mit der Bremseinheit (2) mechanisch verbunden ist;
2. b. die rotatorische Bewegung des Motors (4) die Hubeinheit (5) in eine zyklische translatorische, lineare oder kreisbogenförmige Hubbewegung versetzt;
3. c. die Tretlager-/Kurbeleinheit (3) mit der Hubeinheit (5) mechanisch verbunden ist; und
4. d. die Amplitude der Hubeinheit (5) unabhängig von der Drehzahl des Motors (4) ist.

The object is achieved by a training device having a seat unit (1), a bottom bracket / crank unit (3) connected to a brake unit (2), a motor (4) and a lifting unit (5), characterized in that

1. a. the seat unit (1) is mechanically connected to the brake unit (2);
2. b. the rotational movement of the motor (4) the lifting unit (5) in a cyclic translational, linear or circular arc-shaped stroke movement;
3. c. the bottom bracket / crank unit (3) is mechanically connected to the lifting unit (5); and
4. d. the amplitude of the lifting unit (5) is independent of the speed of the motor (4).

For the first time it is possible with the exercise device according to the invention to provide a frequency-independent stroke amplitude under dynamic load on the extremities of the human body with simultaneous action of a cyclic translational translational, linear or circular arc lifting movement.
In the conventional vibration generator with eccentric weights (unbalanced masses or "unbalanced masses") is - in contrast to the present invention - no cyclic translational, linear or circular arc-shaped lifting movement with only one degree of freedom, but a cyclic, circular motion with at least two degrees of freedom generated the centrifugal forces generated by rotation in all radial Directions (and not just in one direction or the section of the radial direction vectors represented by a circle segment) act.
The exercise device according to the invention has no device for generating a frequency-independent amplitude variable vibration with a mounted on a shaft body and a perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the body arranged lifting element, wherein the body is arranged with respect to the axis of symmetry eccentric to the shaft.

A particular embodiment is an inventive exercise device is, in which the cyclic translational lifting movement is a circular arc-shaped lifting movement on a circle segment of a maximum of 45 °, in particular of 20 ° maximum. Such a cyclic, circular arc-shaped lifting movement on a circle segment of a maximum of 45 ° is when using the embodiment according to FIG. 2 to observe.
Although the force vectors act in two degrees of freedom, their unwanted scattering towards the wearer's head is so low that no health risk exists.
Research has shown that a stroke of 4 mm at a stroke frequency of 15 Hz and a mechanical resistance of the braking unit of 300 watts cause an acceleration of more than 8 g (peaks up to 15 g) measured on the extensor digitorum muscle. In the case of the arcuate lifting movement to a circle segment of a maximum of 45 °, the acceleration measured at the temple is a maximum of 0.8 g, which is significantly less than the acceleration that corresponds to cycling on cobblestones (Paris-Roubaix:> 2 g).
In a circular arc lifting movement on a circular segment of more than 45 °, the load acting on the head rise sharply, at 60 ° were measured under the same conditions more than 1.4 g. Perhaps this strong increase is due to a resonance phenomenon of the frame used (schematically in FIG. 2 explained).

A further, likewise preferred embodiment special embodiment represents a training device according to the invention, in which the cyclic translatory lifting movement is a linear lifting movement with only one degree of freedom (embodiments according to FIGS FIGS. 1 and 3 ). Here is the incoming on the head lifting load less than 0.6 g.

The term "dynamic load" is understood here and below that the load generated by the braking resistor is not always constant on the extremities acts - because the load acts on the leg only at the moment when the pedal is pressed down, otherwise the leg is relieved.
The term "dynamic load" is understood here and below as the variation of the load conditions within the cyclically closed movement execution of the extremities during ergometer training, due to the external load resistance of the brake unit.

Contrary to the trend in the development of the so-called whole-body vibration devices, which tries to keep the unwanted vibration influence on the human body and head as small as possible by very low amplitudes, usually less than 1 mm, are used in the inventive Training device comparatively very high amplitudes of significantly more than 2 mm realized.

The implementation of the rotational movement of the motor (4) in a cyclic translational stroke with only one degree of freedom of the lifting unit (5) can be done by all the skilled person known measures, and is known in principle from the engine, where the rotation of the crankshaft by a Pleuelgestänge causes the lifting movement of the cylinder. The connection of the bottom bracket / crank unit (3) with the lifting unit (5) is conceivable in any form of structurally varying kinematic chains, with fixed and movable bearings, shafts, swivel joint or deflection rods. The Huberzeugung can also be solved by any conceivable mechanical or electro-mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, electromagnetic or electroacoustic construction, which are known in the art per se, provided that it meets the requirements of a variable, presettable and frequency-independent amplitude, in the sense of the claim of the invention to provide.

The implementation of the rotational movement of the motor in an arcuate lifting movement on a circle segment of 45 ° maximum can be done by all the skilled person known measures, for example, in which between the engine connected to the lifting element and the bottom bracket a lever is disposed and one end of the Levers is pivotally connected to the frame of the exercise device according to the invention.

Further, particularly inventive embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in the subclaims.

Fig. 1

Trainingsgerät mit mechanisch direkt gekoppelter Hubeinheit

Fig. 2

Trainingsgerät mit mechanisch indirekt gekoppelter Hubeinheit

Fig. 3

Trainingsgerät mit mechanisch indirekt gekoppelter Hubeinheit und Zwangsführung

The following embodiments illustrate particularly preferred constructions of the invention without limiting it thereto. In the drawings ( Fig. 1 - Fig. 3 ) design models are presented and described in more detail below.

Fig. 1

Training device with mechanically directly coupled lifting unit

Fig. 2

Training device with mechanically indirectly coupled lifting unit

Fig. 3

Training device with mechanically indirectly coupled lifting unit and forced operation

Fig. 1 shows a variant of the training device that the bottom bracket / crank unit (3), the claim according to the invention, by a directly coupled lifting unit (5) in the form of a by an engine (4) driven mechanical translation concept (by means of connecting rod, cam / crankshaft o. Ä.), To the vertical up and down movement stimulates. The mechanical decoupling of the modules wheel frame superstructure (6), bottom plate (8) and lifting unit (5) and the bottom bracket / crank unit (3) by means of dampers (7) which resonate the high-frequency lifting movement in the periphery and the components of the Radrahmenüberbaus ( 6) prevent. The damper elements (dampers) interrupting the bottom plate reduce the transmission to the frame superstructure. The variable load resistance can be generated for ergometric load profiles by the brake unit (2).

Fig. 2 shows a variant of the training device that the bottom bracket / crank unit (3), the claim according to the invention, by an indirectly coupled lifting unit (5) in the form of a motor (4) driven pendulum bearing principle via a lever arm, for vertical up and down excitation , For this purpose, one on the handlebar unit (15) of the Radrahmenüberbaus (6), the latter example. By a modified commercial Spinningrad shown (in which the bottom bracket / crank unit was cut out), fixed pendulum rod (10) rotatably mounted on a bearing (9) is fixed, offset by a motor-driven connecting rod (11) in a swinging deflection. To prevent design-related resonances of the eccentric motor-driven rotation guide on the periphery and the components of the Radrahmenüberbaus (6), the lifting unit by means of dampers (7) is mechanically isolated and decoupled. The to be found in the handlebar unit handlebar is additionally mechanically decoupled by a damper to decouple the bearings of the brake disc even more.

Fig. 3 shows a variant of the training device that the bottom bracket / crank unit (3) according to the claim according to the invention, by an indirectly coupled lifting unit (5) in the form of a driven by a motor (4) pendulum bearing principle via a lever arm and a positive guide for vertical up and down excitation. In contrast to the variant of the training device according to the description below Fig. 2 , The bottom bracket / crank unit (3) is offset by the structural connection by means of guide slot (12), linear guide (13) and fastener (14) in a cyclic translational stroke movement with only one degree of freedom. As before under Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 also described in this version of the training device, a mechanical decoupling of the lifting unit by means of dampers (7).

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

(1)

seating unit

(2)

brake unit

(3)

Bottom bracket / crank unit

(4)

engine

(5)

lifting unit

(6)

Radrahmenüberbau

(7)

damper

(8th)

baseplate

(9)

camp

(10)

pendulum rod

(11)

pleuel

(12)

guide slot

(13)

linear guide

(14)

fastener

(15)

handlebar unit

Claims (16)

Training device comprising a seat unit (1), a bottom bracket / crank unit (3) connected to a brake unit (2), a motor (4) and a lifting unit (5), characterized in that a. the seat unit (1) is mechanically connected to the brake unit (2); b. the rotational movement of the motor (4) the lifting unit (5) in a cyclic translational, linear or circular arc-shaped stroke movement; c. the bottom bracket / crank unit (3) is mechanically connected to the lifting unit (5); and d. the amplitude of the lifting unit (5) is independent of the speed of the motor (4). Training device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting movement of the bottom bracket / crank unit (1) is more than 2 mm. Training device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting movement is more than 4 mm. Training device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting movement is more than 8 mm. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cyclic translatory lifting movement is a linear lifting movement with only one degree of freedom. Training device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cyclic translational lifting movement is a circular arc-shaped lifting movement on a circular segment of a maximum of 45 °, in particular of a maximum of 20 °. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amplitude of the lifting unit (5) at a stroke frequency between 15 and 50 strokes per second is independent of frequency. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the bottom bracket / crank unit (3) is mechanically decoupled from the seat unit. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seat unit (1) is a saddle. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom bracket / crank unit (3) is attached as a separate module to the lifting unit. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the training device additionally comprises a wheel frame superstructure (6) and the seat unit (1) is connected to the wheel frame superstructure (6). Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seat unit (1) without damping elements and the motor (4) at least one damping element (7) with a bottom plate (8) are connected. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom bracket / crank unit (3) for varying the power requirement for the user, in particular via a drive chain with the brake unit (2) is connected. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the brake unit (2) is a manually adjustable braking resistor, in particular such a braking resistor based on a Magnetinduktions-, eddy current or friction brake. Use of a training device according to one of claims 1 to 11 as a hand crank ergometer. Use of a training device according to one of claims 1 to 11 as a bicycle ergometer.

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