EP2153050A1 - Door with movable spoiler for door-type thrust reverser - Google Patents

Door with movable spoiler for door-type thrust reverser

Info

Publication number
EP2153050A1
EP2153050A1 EP08787872A EP08787872A EP2153050A1 EP 2153050 A1 EP2153050 A1 EP 2153050A1 EP 08787872 A EP08787872 A EP 08787872A EP 08787872 A EP08787872 A EP 08787872A EP 2153050 A1 EP2153050 A1 EP 2153050A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
door
deflection means
thrust reverser
axis
fixed structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08787872A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alain D'inca
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Nacelles SAS
Original Assignee
Aircelle SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aircelle SA filed Critical Aircelle SA
Publication of EP2153050A1 publication Critical patent/EP2153050A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/54—Nozzles having means for reversing jet thrust
    • F02K1/56—Reversing jet main flow
    • F02K1/62—Reversing jet main flow by blocking the rearward discharge by means of flaps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/54—Nozzles having means for reversing jet thrust
    • F02K1/64—Reversing fan flow
    • F02K1/70—Reversing fan flow using thrust reverser flaps or doors mounted on the fan housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/40—Movement of components
    • F05D2250/41—Movement of components with one degree of freedom
    • F05D2250/411—Movement of components with one degree of freedom in rotation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a door for thrust reverser door as well as such a thrust reverser and a nacelle equipped with such a thrust reverser.
  • the role of a thrust reverser during the landing of an aircraft is to improve the braking capacity of an aircraft by redirecting forward at least a portion of the thrust generated by the turbojet engine.
  • the inverter obstructs the gas ejection nozzle and directs the ejection flow of the engine towards the front of the nacelle, thereby generating a counter-thrust which is added to the braking of the wheels of the engine. the plane.
  • the means implemented to achieve this reorientation of the flow vary according to the type of inverter.
  • the structure of an inverter comprises movable covers movable between, on the one hand, an extended position in which they open in the nacelle a passage intended for the deflected flow, and on the other hand, a position retraction in which they close this passage.
  • These mobile hoods may furthermore perform a deflection function or simply the activation of other deflection means.
  • the movable hoods slide along rails so that when backing up during the opening phase, they discover deflection vane grids arranged in the thickness of the nacelle .
  • a linkage system connects the movable hood to blocking doors that expand within the ejection channel and block the output in direct flow.
  • each movable hood pivots so as to block the flow and deflect it and is therefore active in this reorientation.
  • a door-thrust reversal device comprises one or more doors pivotally mounted so as to be able, under the action of drive means, to switch between an inactive position called closure during operation of the so-called turbojet engine.
  • direct jet in which the doors constitute a part of the downstream section, and an inverting position or opening position in which they swing in such a way that a downstream part of each door comes to obstruct at least partially the duct of the nacelle and that an upstream part opens in the downstream section a passage allowing the flow of air to be channeled radially with respect to a longitudinal axis of the nacelle.
  • the pivoting angle of the doors is adjusted in such a way as to greatly reduce or even eliminate the thrust force generated by the direct jet escaping flow and this up to possibly generate a counter-thrust by generating a component of the flow deflected towards the upstream of the nacelle.
  • the doors were equipped with terminal spoilers, also called deflectors, forming a substantially perpendicular return upstream of the door. to this last.
  • terminal spoilers also called deflectors
  • the spoiler is oriented in a substantially longitudinal direction of the nacelle and forces the flow of air in this direction.
  • each spoiler is oriented in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the nacelle and enters the flow channel of the air flow. The spoiler may then block the flow of air flowing direct jet, which is not permissible.
  • the doors have been designed to have an upstream cavity at an inner surface of said door.
  • the door has upstream a reduced thickness which allows both the spoiler to project from said door and not to have a length greater than the thickness of the nacelle upstream of the door so as not to enter the flow vein of the airflow when the door is in the closed position.
  • a general inverter gate structure is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in respectively closed and open positions.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above, and to do this, it concerns a door for a thrust reverser with doors that can be pivotally mounted on a fixed structure of a thrust reverser comprising an internal surface designed to integrate a flow passage of an air flow generated by a turbojet engine and an external surface designed to provide external aerodynamic continuity of a nacelle intended to be equipped with said thrust reverser, said gate being equipped with means for deflecting the flow of air arranged at an upstream end of the door and movably mounted in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the door between a first retracted position in which the deflection means do not penetrate into the vein when the door is in position closing and a second deployed position in which the deflection means protrude from the orte, characterized in that the deflection means are rotatably mounted in said plane about a
  • the equipment movable flaps by rotary articulation systems is a lightweight and strong articulation means.
  • a system articulated by pivoting makes it possible to optimize the function of the movable spoiler as far as it allows, on the one hand, a better retraction permitting until the removal of the door cavity and the optimum aerodynamic integration of said door into the flow vein of the air flow, and secondly, a better deployment in that the means of joints of such a flap are limited and particularly compact on the upstream surface of the door in which is fixed the shutter. It follows from a larger component than those of the prior art.
  • the deflection means are movably mounted against elastic return means tending to return them to their deployed position.
  • the deflection means comprise at least two flaps mounted on either side of a central axis of the door.
  • the pivot axis of at least one flap is located near a lateral end of the door.
  • the pivot axis of at least one flap is located in the vicinity of the central axis of the door.
  • the present invention also relates to a thrust reverser with doors characterized in that it comprises at least one door according to the invention and a fixed structure on which said door is pivotally mounted between a first position, said closure, in which it closes the inverter and constitutes a part of an outer cowling, the deflection means of the flow being in the retracted position, and a second position, called the open position, in which it releases a passage in the fixed structure and is suitable at least partially block an air flow generated by a turbojet, the deflection means being in the deployed position.
  • the fixed structure is equipped with stop means capable of allowing a return of the deflection means to their retracted position when the door pivots to its closed position.
  • the present invention also relates to a turbojet engine nacelle characterized in that it is equipped with at least one thrust reverser system according to the invention.
  • the implementation of the invention will be better understood with the aid of the detailed description which is set out below with reference to the appended drawing in which:
  • Figures 1 and 2 are schematic sectional representations of a door-thrust reverser door according to the prior art in a closed and open position respectively.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation in perspective of the interior of a door according to the invention in the open position.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic front view of the door of Figure 3 showing a deflector flap in the deployed position.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic front view of the door of Figure 3 showing a deflector flap in the retracted position.
  • Figures 6 and 7 are schematic front perspective views of an alternative embodiment of said flap respectively in the retracted position and deployed.
  • Figures 8 and 9 are schematic side perspective views of a thrust reversal structure equipped with a door as shown in Figures 6 and 7.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a known example of embodiment of a door thrust reverser comprising doors equipped with a non-retractable deflection spoiler.
  • a thrust reverser of this type comprises three main parts, namely a fixed part 1, situated upstream in the extension of an outer wall of an airflow duct of the turbojet, a movable part 2, and a ferrule rear 3, fixed.
  • the fixed part comprises an outer panel 4 of nacelle and an inner panel 5 constituting an outer panel of a vein 6 for circulating the air flow.
  • the external and internal panels 4 of the fixed part 1 are connected by a front frame 7 which also supports the control means of the mobile part 2, constituted in this case by a jack 8.
  • the movable part 2 is broken down into one or more movable elements commonly called doors 9.
  • Each door 9 is pivotally mounted so as to be able, under the action of the control means 8, to swing between a position in which it ensures the structural continuity between the fixed part 1 and the rear part 3 as well as the inside of the vein 6 and an open position in which it releases a passage between the fixed portion 1 and the rear portion 3 allowing an escape of the air flow through said opening.
  • a rear portion of the door 2a at least partially block the vein 6 thereby forcing the flow to flow through the open opening.
  • the door 9 comprises, on the one hand, an outer panel
  • the upstream frame 12 is extended by deflection means 13 intended, when the door 9 is open, to reorient a portion of the air flow to the front of the nacelle thereby generating a thrust.
  • deflection means 13 are not retractable. Therefore, the total thickness of the door 9 at the front frame 7 of the fixed part 1, that is to say the total height of the upstream frame 12 to which is added the height of the deflection means 13 must not be greater than the height of the front frame 7 of the fixed part 1 at risk for the deflection means 13 to penetrate inside the vein 6 when the door 9 is in the closed position.
  • the height of the upstream frame 12 of the door 9 is less than the height of the front frame 7 of the fixed part 1 and the inner wall 11 of the door is not at the same level as the inner wall 5 of the fixed part, thereby forming a cavity 15 constituting an aerodynamic accident in the vein.
  • the deflection means 13 are replaced by deflection means 16 pivotally mounted in the plane of the upstream frame 12 about an axis 17.
  • Figures 3 to 9 each have a half-door as can be deduced from Figure 3 in which the actuating means 8 is attached to the door 9 substantially in the middle thereof.
  • the man of the art will complete by symmetry.
  • the deflection means For reasons of strength and resistance of the deflection means to the air flow, it has an end opposite to the axis 17 slidably mounted in a guide rail 18 via pin 19, said guide rail 18 being more than one secured to the upstream frame 12
  • FIG. 4 shows such a deflection means 16 in the deployed position, a part of the deflection means 16 projecting from the door 9.
  • FIG. 5 shows the same deflection means 16 in the retracted position, no part of the deflection means 16 protruding from the door 9.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 each represent a half gate.
  • the deflection means 16 is pivotally mounted about an axis 17 located near a lateral end of the door 9.
  • axis 17 located near a lateral end of the door 9.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show alternative embodiments of the deflection means 16 in the form of a flap 116.
  • a flap 116 is distinguished from a deflection means 16 in that it has a lower portion 116b inclined relative to at an upper portion 116a planar, said lower portion also having a certain curvature to optimize the reorientation of the inverted air flow.
  • Figures 8 and 9 show the door 9 in situation with respect to the fixed structure 1.
  • the inner wall 5 of the fixed structure 1 has a slight extension 5a projecting from the front frame 7 and thereby constituting an abutment means for the flap 116.
  • the flap 116 is forced against its elastic return means by the extension 5a.
  • the assembly is also equipped with closure seals capable of sealing the structure when the door 9 is closed.
  • FIG. 10 shows the arrangement of the elastic deflection means associated with a deflection means 16.
  • the elastic deflection means is in the form of a spiral spring 21 mounted on the shaft 17 and housed in a recess in the inner surface 11 of the door 9.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a door (9) for a door-type thrust reverser able to be hinged to a fixed structure of a thrust reverser comprising an internal surface designed to integrate with a stream of an airflow generated by a turbojet and an outer surface designed to provide the external aerodynamic continuity of a nacelle to which said thrust reverser is to be fitted, said door being fitted with airflow deflection means located at an upstream end of the door and mounted movably in a plane approximately perpendicular to the plane of the door between a first, retracted position in which the deflection means do not enter the stream when the door is closed and a second, deployed position in which the deflection means project from the door, said door being characterized in that the deflection means are rotatable in the said plane about a corresponding shaft.

Description

Forte à becquet mobile pour inverseur de poussée à porte Strong movable spoiler for thrust reverser to door
La présente invention se rapporte à une porte pour inverseur de poussée à porte ainsi qu'à un tel inverseur de poussée et à une nacelle équipée d'un tel inverseur de poussée.The present invention relates to a door for thrust reverser door as well as such a thrust reverser and a nacelle equipped with such a thrust reverser.
Le rôle d'un inverseur de poussée lors de l'atterrissage d'un avion est d'améliorer la capacité de freinage d'un avion en redirigeant vers l'avant au moins une partie de la poussée générée par le turboréacteur. Dans cette phase, l'inverseur obstrue la tuyère d'éjection des gaz et dirige le flux d'éjection du moteur vers l'avant de la nacelle, générant de ce fait une contre-poussée qui vient s'ajouter au freinage des roues de l'avion. Les moyens mis en œuvre pour réaliser cette réorientation du flux varient suivant le type d'inverseur. Cependant, dans tous les cas, la structure d'un inverseur comprend des capots mobiles déplaçables entre, d'une part, une position déployée dans laquelle ils ouvrent dans la nacelle un passage destiné au flux dévié, et d'autre part, une position d'escamotage dans laquelle ils ferment ce passage. Ces capots mobiles peuvent en outre remplir une fonction de déviation ou simplement d'activation d'autres moyens de déviation.The role of a thrust reverser during the landing of an aircraft is to improve the braking capacity of an aircraft by redirecting forward at least a portion of the thrust generated by the turbojet engine. In this phase, the inverter obstructs the gas ejection nozzle and directs the ejection flow of the engine towards the front of the nacelle, thereby generating a counter-thrust which is added to the braking of the wheels of the engine. the plane. The means implemented to achieve this reorientation of the flow vary according to the type of inverter. However, in all cases, the structure of an inverter comprises movable covers movable between, on the one hand, an extended position in which they open in the nacelle a passage intended for the deflected flow, and on the other hand, a position retraction in which they close this passage. These mobile hoods may furthermore perform a deflection function or simply the activation of other deflection means.
Dans les inverseurs à grilles, par exemple, les capots mobiles coulissent le long de rails de manière à ce qu'en reculant lors de la phase d'ouverture, ils découvrent des grilles d'aubes de déviation disposées dans l'épaisseur de la nacelle. Un système de bielles relie ce capot mobile à des portes de blocage qui se déploient à l'intérieur du canal d'éjection et bloquent la sortie en flux direct. Dans les inverseurs à portes, en revanche, chaque capot mobile pivote de manière à venir bloquer le flux et le dévier et est donc actif dans cette réorientation.In the grid inverters, for example, the movable hoods slide along rails so that when backing up during the opening phase, they discover deflection vane grids arranged in the thickness of the nacelle . A linkage system connects the movable hood to blocking doors that expand within the ejection channel and block the output in direct flow. In the door reversers, on the other hand, each movable hood pivots so as to block the flow and deflect it and is therefore active in this reorientation.
Plus précisément, un dispositif d'inversion de poussée à portes comprend une ou plusieurs portes montées pivotantes de manière à pouvoir, sous l'action de moyens d'entraînement, basculer entre une position inactive dite de fermeture lors d'un fonctionnement du turboréacteur dit en jet direct dans laquelle les portes constituent une partie de la section aval, et une position d'inversion ou position d'ouverture dans laquelle elles basculent de telle façon qu'une partie aval de chaque porte vienne obstruer au moins partiellement le conduit de la nacelle et qu'une partie amont ouvre dans la section aval un passage permettant au flux d'air d'être canalisé radialement par rapport à un axe longitudinal de la nacelle.More specifically, a door-thrust reversal device comprises one or more doors pivotally mounted so as to be able, under the action of drive means, to switch between an inactive position called closure during operation of the so-called turbojet engine. direct jet in which the doors constitute a part of the downstream section, and an inverting position or opening position in which they swing in such a way that a downstream part of each door comes to obstruct at least partially the duct of the nacelle and that an upstream part opens in the downstream section a passage allowing the flow of air to be channeled radially with respect to a longitudinal axis of the nacelle.
L'angle de pivotement des portes est ajusté de manière à fortement réduire voire supprimer la force de poussée générée par le flux s'échappant en jet direct et ce jusqu'à éventuellement générer une contre poussée en générant une composante du flux dévié vers l'amont de la nacelle.The pivoting angle of the doors is adjusted in such a way as to greatly reduce or even eliminate the thrust force generated by the direct jet escaping flow and this up to possibly generate a counter-thrust by generating a component of the flow deflected towards the upstream of the nacelle.
Pour une description générale des inverseurs de poussée à portes on pourra se reporter aux documents FR 1 482 538, FR 2 030 034 ou encore US 3 605 411.For a general description of thrust reversers with doors, reference may be made to documents FR 1 482 538, FR 2 030 034 or US Pat. No. 3,605,411.
Afin de pouvoir améliorer la réorientation du flux d'air dans une direction tendant au plus près d'une direction longitudinale de la nacelle, les portes ont été équipées de becquets terminaux, également appelés déflecteurs, formant en amont de la porte un retour sensiblement perpendiculaire à cette dernière. Ainsi, lorsque la porte est en position d'inversion de poussée, le becquet est orienté dans une direction sensiblement longitudinale de la nacelle et force le flux d'air dans cette direction. Réciproquement, lorsque la porte est en position de fermeture, chaque becquet est orienté selon une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal de la nacelle et pénètre dans la veine de circulation du flux d'air. Le becquet risque alors de venir bloquer le flux d'air circulant en jet direct, ce qui n'est pas admissible.In order to be able to improve the reorientation of the air flow in a direction tending as close as possible to a longitudinal direction of the nacelle, the doors were equipped with terminal spoilers, also called deflectors, forming a substantially perpendicular return upstream of the door. to this last. Thus, when the door is in the reverse thrust position, the spoiler is oriented in a substantially longitudinal direction of the nacelle and forces the flow of air in this direction. Conversely, when the door is in the closed position, each spoiler is oriented in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the nacelle and enters the flow channel of the air flow. The spoiler may then block the flow of air flowing direct jet, which is not permissible.
Pour pallier cet inconvénient, les portes ont été conçues de manière à présenter une cavité amont au niveau d'une surface interne de ladite porte.To overcome this drawback, the doors have been designed to have an upstream cavity at an inner surface of said door.
De ce fait, la porte présente en amont une épaisseur réduite qui permet à la fois au becquet de venir en saillie de ladite porte et de ne pas posséder une longueur supérieure à l'épaisseur de la nacelle en amont de la porte afin de ne pas pénétrer dans la veine de circulation du flux d'air lorsque la porte est en position de fermeture. Une structure générale de porte d'inverseur est représentée sur les figures 1 et 2 dans des positions respectivement fermée et ouverte.Therefore, the door has upstream a reduced thickness which allows both the spoiler to project from said door and not to have a length greater than the thickness of the nacelle upstream of the door so as not to enter the flow vein of the airflow when the door is in the closed position. A general inverter gate structure is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in respectively closed and open positions.
Il convient toutefois de noter qu'une telle cavité constitue un accident aérodynamique important à l'intérieur de la veine de circulation d'air lorsque la porte est en position de fermeture, ce qui diminue les performances générales du turboréacteur. Diverses solutions ont été mises en œuvre pour tenter de réduire la profondeur de cette cavité, voire de la supprimer, lors d'un fonctionnement en jet direct par des panneaux mobiles aptes à s'en écarter lors d'un fonctionnement en inversion de poussée. Toutefois, de telles solutions nécessitent des systèmes d'articulation complexes et augmentent le nombre d'éléments mobiles à articuler entre eux.It should be noted, however, that such a cavity is a major aerodynamic accident inside the air flow duct when the door is in the closed position, which reduces the overall performance of the turbojet engine. Various solutions have been implemented in an attempt to reduce the depth of this cavity, or even to eliminate it, during direct jet operation by movable panels able to move away during a reverse thrust operation. However, such solutions require complex articulation systems and increase the number of movable elements to be articulated with each other.
Par conséquent, il existe un besoin pour des solutions permettant de conserver des portes assurant parfaitement la continuité aérodynamique de l'intérieur de la veine de circulation d'air.Therefore, there is a need for solutions to maintain doors ensuring perfectly aerodynamic continuity of the interior of the air flow duct.
Une solution apportée à ce problème est d'équiper les portes de becquets rétractables. Us telle solution est décrite les documents US 6 293 495 et EP 0 301 939 par exemple.One solution to this problem is to equip the retractable spoiler doors. Such a solution is described in US 6,293,495 and EP 0,301,939, for example.
Toutefois, les systèmes actuellement mis en œuvre restent compliqués, mettant en œuvre des moyens de guidages et d'articulation complexes et/ou fragiles, et il existe un besoin pour un système simple et fiable. La présente invention a pour but de remédier aux inconvénients précédemment évoqués, et concerne pour ce faire une porte pour inverseur de poussée à portes apte à être montée pivotante sur une structure fixe d'un inverseur de poussée comprenant une surface interne conçue pour s'intégrer à une veine de circulation d'un flux d'air généré par un turboréacteur et une surface externe conçue pour assurer la continuité aérodynamique externe d'une nacelle destinée à être équipée dudit inverseur de poussée, ladite porte étant équipée de moyens de déflexion du flux d'air disposés au niveau d'une extrémité amont de la porte et montés mobiles dans un plan sensiblement perpendiculaire au plan de la porte entre une première position rétractée dans laquelle les moyens de déflexion ne pénètrent pas dans la veine lorsque la porte est en position de fermeture et une deuxième position déployée dans laquelle les moyens de déflexion viennent en saillie de la porte, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de déflexion sont montés mobiles en rotation dans le dit plan autour d'un axe correspondant.However, the currently implemented systems remain complicated, implementing complex and / or fragile means of guidance and articulation, and there is a need for a simple and reliable system. The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above, and to do this, it concerns a door for a thrust reverser with doors that can be pivotally mounted on a fixed structure of a thrust reverser comprising an internal surface designed to integrate a flow passage of an air flow generated by a turbojet engine and an external surface designed to provide external aerodynamic continuity of a nacelle intended to be equipped with said thrust reverser, said gate being equipped with means for deflecting the flow of air arranged at an upstream end of the door and movably mounted in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the door between a first retracted position in which the deflection means do not penetrate into the vein when the door is in position closing and a second deployed position in which the deflection means protrude from the orte, characterized in that the deflection means are rotatably mounted in said plane about a corresponding axis.
Ainsi, l'équipement des volets mobiles par des systèmes d'articulation par rotation constitue un moyen d'articulation léger et résistant. Par ailleurs, un système d'articulation par pivotement permet d'optimiser la fonction de becquet mobile dans la mesure où elle permet, d'une part, une meilleure rétractation autorisant jusqu'à la suppression de la cavité de porte et l'intégration aérodynamique optimum de ladite porte dans la veine de circulation du flux d'air, et d'autre part, un meilleur déploiement de par le fait que les moyens d'articulations d'un tel volet sont limités et particulièrement peu encombrants sur la surface amont de la porte dans laquelle est fixée le volet. Il s'ensuit d'un volet plus grand que ceux de l'art antérieur.Thus, the equipment movable flaps by rotary articulation systems is a lightweight and strong articulation means. In addition, a system articulated by pivoting makes it possible to optimize the function of the movable spoiler as far as it allows, on the one hand, a better retraction permitting until the removal of the door cavity and the optimum aerodynamic integration of said door into the flow vein of the air flow, and secondly, a better deployment in that the means of joints of such a flap are limited and particularly compact on the upstream surface of the door in which is fixed the shutter. It follows from a larger component than those of the prior art.
Avantageusement, les moyens de déflexion sont montés mobiles à rencontre de moyens de retour élastiques tendant à les renvoyer vers leur position déployée. De manière préférentielle, les moyens de déflexion comprennent au moins deux volets montés de part et d'autre d'un axe médian de la porte.Advantageously, the deflection means are movably mounted against elastic return means tending to return them to their deployed position. Preferably, the deflection means comprise at least two flaps mounted on either side of a central axis of the door.
Selon une première variante de réalisation, l'axe de pivotement d'au moins un volet est situé à proximité d'une extrémité latérale de la porte.According to a first embodiment, the pivot axis of at least one flap is located near a lateral end of the door.
Alternativement ou de manière complémentaire, l'axe de pivotement d'au moins un volet est situé au voisinage de l'axe médian de la porte.Alternatively or in a complementary manner, the pivot axis of at least one flap is located in the vicinity of the central axis of the door.
La présente invention se rapporte également à un inverseur de poussée à portes caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins une porte selon l'invention et une structure fixe sur laquelle ladite porte est montée pivotante entre une première position, dite de fermeture, dans laquelle elle ferme l'inverseur et constitue une partie d'un capotage extérieur, les moyens de déflexion du flux étant en position rétractée, et une deuxième position, dite position d'ouverture, dans laquelle elle dégage un passage dans la structure fixe et est apte à au moins partiellement bloquer un flux d'air généré par un turboréacteur, les moyens de déflexion étant en position déployée.The present invention also relates to a thrust reverser with doors characterized in that it comprises at least one door according to the invention and a fixed structure on which said door is pivotally mounted between a first position, said closure, in which it closes the inverter and constitutes a part of an outer cowling, the deflection means of the flow being in the retracted position, and a second position, called the open position, in which it releases a passage in the fixed structure and is suitable at least partially block an air flow generated by a turbojet, the deflection means being in the deployed position.
Avantageusement, la structure fixe est équipée de moyens de butée aptes à permettre un renvoi des moyens de déflexion vers leur position rétractée lorsque la porte pivote vers sa position de fermeture.Advantageously, the fixed structure is equipped with stop means capable of allowing a return of the deflection means to their retracted position when the door pivots to its closed position.
La présente invention se rapporte encore à une nacelle de turboréacteur caractérisée en ce qu'elle est équipée d'au moins un système inverseur de poussée selon l'invention. La mise en œuvre de l'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description détaillée qui est exposée ci-dessous en regard du dessin annexé dans lequel :The present invention also relates to a turbojet engine nacelle characterized in that it is equipped with at least one thrust reverser system according to the invention. The implementation of the invention will be better understood with the aid of the detailed description which is set out below with reference to the appended drawing in which:
Les figures 1 et 2 sont des représentations schématiques en coupe d'une porte d'inverseur de poussée à porte selon l'art antérieur dans une position respectivement fermée et ouverte.Figures 1 and 2 are schematic sectional representations of a door-thrust reverser door according to the prior art in a closed and open position respectively.
La figure 3 est une représentation schématique en perspective de l'intérieur d'une porte selon l'invention en position d'ouverture.Figure 3 is a schematic representation in perspective of the interior of a door according to the invention in the open position.
La figure 4 est une représentation schématique de face de la porte de la figure 3 montrant un volet de déflection en position déployée. La figure 5 est une représentation schématique de face de la porte de la figure 3 montrant un volet de déflection en position rétractée.Figure 4 is a schematic front view of the door of Figure 3 showing a deflector flap in the deployed position. Figure 5 is a schematic front view of the door of Figure 3 showing a deflector flap in the retracted position.
Les figures 6 et 7 sont des représentations schématiques en perspective de face d'une variante de réalisation dudit volet respectivement en position rétractée et déployée. Les figures 8 et 9 sont des représentations schématiques en perspective de côté d'une structure d'inversion de poussée équipée d'une porte telle que représentée sur les figures 6 et 7.Figures 6 and 7 are schematic front perspective views of an alternative embodiment of said flap respectively in the retracted position and deployed. Figures 8 and 9 are schematic side perspective views of a thrust reversal structure equipped with a door as shown in Figures 6 and 7.
La figure 10 est une représentation schématique du moyen de renvoi élastique équipant le volet d'une porte selon l'invention. Les figures 1 et 2 montrent un exemple connu de réalisation d'un inverseur de poussée à porte comprenant des portes équipées d'un becquet de déviation non rétractable.Figure 10 is a schematic representation of the elastic deflection means equipping the door flap of the invention. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a known example of embodiment of a door thrust reverser comprising doors equipped with a non-retractable deflection spoiler.
Un inverseur de poussée de ce type comprend trois parties principales, à savoir une partie fixe 1, située en amont dans le prolongement d'une paroi externe d'un canal de flux d'air du turboréacteur, une partie mobile 2, et une virole arrière 3, fixe. La partie fixe comprend un panneau externe 4 de nacelle et un panneau interne 5 constituant un panneau externe d'une veine 6 de circulation du flux d'air.A thrust reverser of this type comprises three main parts, namely a fixed part 1, situated upstream in the extension of an outer wall of an airflow duct of the turbojet, a movable part 2, and a ferrule rear 3, fixed. The fixed part comprises an outer panel 4 of nacelle and an inner panel 5 constituting an outer panel of a vein 6 for circulating the air flow.
Les panneaux externe 4 et interne 5 de la partie fixe 1 sont reliés par un cadre avant 7 qui assure également le support des moyens de commande de la partie mobile 2, constitué en l'espèce par un vérin 8. La partie mobile 2 se décompose en un ou plusieurs éléments déplaçables communément appelés portes 9.The external and internal panels 4 of the fixed part 1 are connected by a front frame 7 which also supports the control means of the mobile part 2, constituted in this case by a jack 8. The movable part 2 is broken down into one or more movable elements commonly called doors 9.
Chaque porte 9 est monté pivotante de manière à pouvoir, sous l'action des moyens de commande 8, basculer entre une position dans laquelle elle assure la continuité structurelle entre la partie fixe 1 et la partie arrière 3 ainsi que de l'intérieur de la veine 6 et une position d'ouverture dans laquelle elle dégage un passage entre la partie fixe 1 et la partie arrière 3 permettant un échappement du flux d'air par ladite ouverture.Each door 9 is pivotally mounted so as to be able, under the action of the control means 8, to swing between a position in which it ensures the structural continuity between the fixed part 1 and the rear part 3 as well as the inside of the vein 6 and an open position in which it releases a passage between the fixed portion 1 and the rear portion 3 allowing an escape of the air flow through said opening.
Comme représenté sur la figure 2, lors de ce pivotement, une partie arrière de la porte 2a vient bloquer au moins partiellement la veine 6 forçant ainsi le flux à circuler par l'ouverture dégagée.As shown in Figure 2, during this pivoting, a rear portion of the door 2a at least partially block the vein 6 thereby forcing the flow to flow through the open opening.
D'un point de vue structurel, la porte 9 comprend, d'une part, un panneau externeFrom a structural point of view, the door 9 comprises, on the one hand, an outer panel
10 venant, en jet direct, se placer dans le prolongement du panneau externe 4 de la partie fixe et assurer une continuité aérodynamique extérieure avec un panneau externe de la partie arrière 3, et d'autre part, un panneau interne 11 et un cadre amont10 coming, as a direct jet, to be in the extension of the outer panel 4 of the fixed part and to provide external aerodynamic continuity with an outer panel of the rear part 3, and on the other hand, an inner panel 11 and an upstream frame
12 reliant le panneau externe 10 et le panneau interne 11.12 connecting the outer panel 10 and the inner panel 11.
Le cadre amont 12 est prolongé par des moyens de déflection 13 destinés, lorsque la porte 9 est ouverte, à réorienter une partie du flux d'air vers l'avant de la nacelle générant de ce fait une contre poussée. Selon l'art antérieur, ces moyens de déflection 13 ne sont pas rétractables. Par conséquent, l'épaisseur totale de la porte 9 au niveau du cadre avant 7 de la partie fixe 1, c'est-à-dire le total de la hauteur du cadre amont 12 à laquelle est ajouté la hauteur des moyens de déflection 13 ne doit pas être supérieur à la hauteur du cadre avant 7 de la partie fixe 1 au risque pour les moyens de déflection 13 de pénétrer à l'intérieur de la veine 6 lorsque la porte 9 est en position de fermeture.The upstream frame 12 is extended by deflection means 13 intended, when the door 9 is open, to reorient a portion of the air flow to the front of the nacelle thereby generating a thrust. According to the prior art, these deflection means 13 are not retractable. Therefore, the total thickness of the door 9 at the front frame 7 of the fixed part 1, that is to say the total height of the upstream frame 12 to which is added the height of the deflection means 13 must not be greater than the height of the front frame 7 of the fixed part 1 at risk for the deflection means 13 to penetrate inside the vein 6 when the door 9 is in the closed position.
Il s 'ensuite que la hauteur du cadre amont 12 de la porte 9 est inférieure à la hauteur du cadre avant 7 de la partie fixe 1 et que la paroi interne 11 de la porte n'est pas au même niveau que la paroi interne 5 de la partie fixe, formant de ce fait une cavité 15 constituant un accident aérodynamique dans la veine. Selon l'invention, et tel que cela est représenté sur les figures 3 à 9, les moyens de déflexion 13 sont remplacés par des moyens de déflection 16 montés pivotants dans le plan du cadre amont 12 autour d'un axe 17.It is then that the height of the upstream frame 12 of the door 9 is less than the height of the front frame 7 of the fixed part 1 and the inner wall 11 of the door is not at the same level as the inner wall 5 of the fixed part, thereby forming a cavity 15 constituting an aerodynamic accident in the vein. According to the invention, and as shown in FIGS. 3 to 9, the deflection means 13 are replaced by deflection means 16 pivotally mounted in the plane of the upstream frame 12 about an axis 17.
Il convient de noter que les figures 3 à 9 présentent chacune une demi-porte comme on peut le déduire de la figure 3 sur laquelle le moyen d'actionnement 8 est rattaché à la porte 9 sensiblement au milieu de celle-ci. L'homme de l'art complétera par symétrie.It should be noted that Figures 3 to 9 each have a half-door as can be deduced from Figure 3 in which the actuating means 8 is attached to the door 9 substantially in the middle thereof. The man of the art will complete by symmetry.
Pour des raisons de solidité et de résistance du moyen de déflection au flux d'air, celui-ci présente une extrémité à l'opposé de l'axe 17 montée coulissante dans un rail de guidage 18 par l'intermédiaire ergot 19, le dit rail de guidage 18 étant de plus d'un solidaire du cadre amont 12For reasons of strength and resistance of the deflection means to the air flow, it has an end opposite to the axis 17 slidably mounted in a guide rail 18 via pin 19, said guide rail 18 being more than one secured to the upstream frame 12
La figure 4 montre un tel moyen de déflection 16 en position déployée, une partie du moyen de déflection 16 venant en saillie de la porte 9.FIG. 4 shows such a deflection means 16 in the deployed position, a part of the deflection means 16 projecting from the door 9.
La figure 5 montre le même moyen de déflection 16 en position rétractée, aucune partie du moyen de déflection 16 ne dépassant de la porte 9.FIG. 5 shows the same deflection means 16 in the retracted position, no part of the deflection means 16 protruding from the door 9.
Comme expliqué précédemment, les figures 4 et 5 représentent chacune une demi porte. En l'espèce, le moyen de déflection 16 est monté pivotant autour d'un axe 17 situé à proximité d'une extrémité latérale de la porte 9. Bien évidemment, il est également possible de situer l'axe à proximité de l'axe médian de la porte. On pourra également prévoir, entre autres, les variantes suivantes pour les deux moyens de déflection 16 de la porte 9 prise en son entier :As explained above, FIGS. 4 and 5 each represent a half gate. In this case, the deflection means 16 is pivotally mounted about an axis 17 located near a lateral end of the door 9. Of course, it is also possible to locate the axis near the axis median of the door. It will also be possible, among others, the following variants for the two deflection means 16 of the door 9 taken in its entirety:
• un moyen de déflection 16 associé à chacune des demi-parties de la porte 9, les axes 17 de pivotement associés étant montés chacun à proximité d'un côté de la porte, " un moyen de déflection 16 associé à chacune des demi-parties de la porte 9, les axes 17 de pivotement associés étant montés, l'un à proximité d'un côté de la porte, l'autre à proximité de l'axe médian de la porte, 1 un moyen de déflection 16 associé à chacune des demi-parties de la porte 9, les axes 17 de pivotement associés étant montés chacun à proximité d'un axe médian de la porte, Les figures 6 et 7 présentent des variantes de réalisation du moyen de déflection 16 sous la forme d'un volet 116. Un volet 116 se distingue d'un moyen de déflection 16 par le fait qu'il présente une partie inférieure 116b inclinée par rapport à une partie supérieure 116a plane, ladite partie inférieure présentant également une certaine courbure visant à optimiser la réorientation du flux d'air inversé.A deflection means 16 associated with each of the half-parts of the door 9, the associated pivot axes 17 being each mounted close to one side of the door, a deflection means 16 associated with each of the half-parts of the door 9, the associated pivot axes 17 being mounted, one close to one side of the door, the other close to the central axis of the door, 1 deflection means 16 associated with each half-parts of the door 9, the associated pivot axes 17 being each mounted close to a central axis of the door, Figures 6 and 7 show alternative embodiments of the deflection means 16 in the form of a flap 116. A flap 116 is distinguished from a deflection means 16 in that it has a lower portion 116b inclined relative to at an upper portion 116a planar, said lower portion also having a certain curvature to optimize the reorientation of the inverted air flow.
Les figures 8 et 9 montrent la porte 9 en situation par rapport à la structure fixe 1.Figures 8 and 9 show the door 9 in situation with respect to the fixed structure 1.
On notera que la paroi interne 5 de la structure fixe 1 présente un léger prolongement 5a venant en saillie du cadre avant 7 et constituant de ce fait un moyen de butée pour le volet 116. Ainsi, lors de la fermeture de la porte 9, comme représenté sur la figure 8, le volet 116 est forcé à rencontre de son moyen de renvoi élastique par le prolongement 5a.Note that the inner wall 5 of the fixed structure 1 has a slight extension 5a projecting from the front frame 7 and thereby constituting an abutment means for the flap 116. Thus, when closing the door 9, as shown in Figure 8, the flap 116 is forced against its elastic return means by the extension 5a.
Lors de l'ouverture de la porte 9, l'écartement progressif de la porte libère le volet 116 du prolongement 5a qui ne constitue donc plus un moyen de butée et permet le déploiement progressif automatique du volet 116 sous l'action du même moyen de renvoi élastique.When the door 9 is opened, the progressive separation of the door releases the flap 116 from the extension 5a, which therefore no longer constitutes an abutment means and allows the automatic progressive deployment of the flap 116 under the action of the same means of elastic return.
On notera que l'ensemble est également équipé de joints 20 de fermeture aptes à assurer l'étanchéité de la structure lorsque la porte 9 est fermée.It should be noted that the assembly is also equipped with closure seals capable of sealing the structure when the door 9 is closed.
La figure 10 montre la disposition du moyen de renvoi élastique associé à un moyen de déflection 16. Le moyen de renvoi élastique se présente sous la forme d'un ressort spirale 21 monté sur l'axe 17 et logé dans un évidement de la surface interne 11 de la porte 9.FIG. 10 shows the arrangement of the elastic deflection means associated with a deflection means 16. The elastic deflection means is in the form of a spiral spring 21 mounted on the shaft 17 and housed in a recess in the inner surface 11 of the door 9.
Bien que l'invention ait été décrite en liaison avec des exemples particuliers de réalisation, il est bien évident qu'elle n'y est nullement limitée et qu'elle comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons si celles-ci entrent dans le cadre de l'invention. Although the invention has been described in connection with particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is not limited thereto and that it comprises all the technical equivalents of the means described and their combinations if they are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Porte (9) pour inverseur de poussée à portes apte à être montée pivotante sur une structure fixe d'un inverseur de poussée comprenant une surface interne conçue pour s'intégrer à une veine de circulation d'un flux d'air généré par un turboréacteur et une surface externe conçue pour assurer la continuité aérodynamique externe d'une nacelle destinée à être équipée dudit inverseur de poussée, ladite porte étant équipée de moyens de déflexion du flux d'air disposés au niveau d'une extrémité amont de la porte et montés mobiles dans un plan sensiblement perpendiculaire au plan de la porte entre une première position rétractée dans laquelle les moyens de déflexion ne pénètrent pas dans la veine lorsque la porte est en position de fermeture et une deuxième position déployée dans laquelle les moyens de déflexion viennent en saillie de la porte, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de déflexion sont montés mobiles en rotation dans le dit plan autour d'un axe correspondant.A door (9) for a door-mounted thrust reverser pivotable to a fixed structure of a thrust reverser comprising an inner surface adapted to integrate with a flow passage of an air flow generated by a turbojet engine and an external surface designed to provide external aerodynamic continuity of a nacelle intended to be equipped with said thrust reverser, said door being equipped with means for deflecting the airflow disposed at an upstream end of the door and movably mounted in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the door between a first retracted position in which the deflection means do not penetrate into the vein when the door is in the closed position and a second extended position in which the deflection means protruding from the door, characterized in that the deflection means are rotatably mounted in said plane around a corresponding axis.
2. Porte (9) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de déflexion (16, 116) sont montés mobiles à rencontre de moyens de retour élastiques (21) tendant à les renvoyer vers leur position déployée.2. Door (9) according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflection means (16, 116) are mounted movable against elastic return means (21) tending to return to their deployed position.
3. Porte (9) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de déflexion (16, 116) comprennent au moins deux volets- montés de part et d'autre d'un axe médian de la porte.3. Door (9) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the deflection means (16, 116) comprise at least two flaps-mounted on either side of a central axis of the door.
4. Porte (9) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'axe (17) de pivotement d'au moins un volet (116) est situé à proximité d'une extrémité latérale de la porte. 4. Door (9) according to claim 3, characterized in that the axis (17) of pivoting of at least one flap (116) is located near a lateral end of the door.
5. Porte (9) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que l'axe (17) de pivotement d'au moins un volet (16, 116) est situé au voisinage de l'axe médian de la porte.5. Door (9) according to any one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the axis (17) of pivoting of at least one flap (16, 116) is located in the vicinity of the median axis of the door.
6. Inverseur de poussée à portes caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins une porte (9) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 et une structure fixe (1) sur laquelle ladite porte est montée pivotante entre une première position, dite de fermeture, dans laquelle elle ferme l'inverseur et constitue une partie d'un capotage extérieur, les moyens de déflexion (16, 116) du flux étant en position rétractée, et une deuxième position, dite position d'ouverture, dans laquelle elle dégage un passage dans la structure fixe et est apte à au moins partiellement bloquer un flux d'air généré par un turboréacteur, les moyens de déflexion étant en position déployée.6. door thrust reverser characterized in that it comprises at least one door (9) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and a fixed structure (1) on which said door is pivotally mounted between a first position, said closure, in which it closes the inverter and forms part of an outer cowling, the deflection means (16, 116) of the flow being in the retracted position, and a second position, called the open position, in which it clears a passage in the fixed structure and is adapted to at least partially block an air flow generated by a turbojet, the deflection means being in the deployed position.
7. Inverseur de poussée selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la structure fixe (1) est équipée de moyens de butée (5a) aptes à permettre un renvoi des moyens de déflexion (16, 116) vers leur position rétractée lorsque la porte (9) pivote vers sa position de fermeture.7. thrust reverser according to claim 6, characterized in that the fixed structure (1) is provided with stop means (5a) adapted to allow a return of the deflection means (16, 116) to their retracted position when the door (9) pivots to its closed position.
8. Nacelle pour turboréacteur caractérisée en ce qu'elle est équipée d'au moins un système inverseur de poussée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 ou 7. 8. Nacelle for turbojet characterized in that it is equipped with at least one thrust reverser system according to any one of claims 6 or 7.
EP08787872A 2007-05-21 2008-03-28 Door with movable spoiler for door-type thrust reverser Withdrawn EP2153050A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0703576A FR2916484B1 (en) 2007-05-21 2007-05-21 MOBILE SPOILER DOOR FOR PUSHED INVERTER WITH DOOR
PCT/FR2008/000432 WO2008142243A1 (en) 2007-05-21 2008-03-28 Door with movable spoiler for door-type thrust reverser

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EP2153050A1 true EP2153050A1 (en) 2010-02-17

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EP (1) EP2153050A1 (en)
CN (1) CN101675239A (en)
BR (1) BRPI0811943A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2687518A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2916484B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2470173C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2008142243A1 (en)

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RU2009146493A (en) 2011-06-27
RU2470173C2 (en) 2012-12-20
CN101675239A (en) 2010-03-17
US20110204161A1 (en) 2011-08-25
BRPI0811943A2 (en) 2014-11-25
CA2687518A1 (en) 2008-11-27
FR2916484B1 (en) 2009-07-24
WO2008142243A1 (en) 2008-11-27
FR2916484A1 (en) 2008-11-28

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