EP2144331B1 - Insulation displacement contact and contacting device - Google Patents

Insulation displacement contact and contacting device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2144331B1
EP2144331B1 EP09405111.7A EP09405111A EP2144331B1 EP 2144331 B1 EP2144331 B1 EP 2144331B1 EP 09405111 A EP09405111 A EP 09405111A EP 2144331 B1 EP2144331 B1 EP 2144331B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fork
insulation displacement
contact
cutting part
displacement contact
Prior art date
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Active
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EP09405111.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2144331A1 (en
Inventor
Tensing Gyagang
Reimar Grosskopf
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Reichle and De Massari AG
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Reichle and De Massari AG
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Publication of EP2144331A1 publication Critical patent/EP2144331A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
    • H01R4/2416—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type
    • H01R4/2445—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type the contact members having additional means acting on the insulation or the wire, e.g. additional insulation penetrating means, strain relief means or wire cutting knives
    • H01R4/2462—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type the contact members having additional means acting on the insulation or the wire, e.g. additional insulation penetrating means, strain relief means or wire cutting knives the contact members being in a slotted bent configuration, e.g. slotted bight

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the electrical contacting of insulated conductors by means of an insulation displacement contact. It relates in particular to an insulation displacement contact and a contacting device with an insulation displacement contact.
  • electrically conductive terminals are used, with which the conductor previously to be stripped in a contacting region is clamped and thereby contacted.
  • insulation-pervading technologies are known. Such are electrically conductive contact elements, which are set up so that they pierce the electrical insulation at the contact location and contact the actual conductor without prior stripping.
  • IDC Insulation Displacement Connector
  • insulation displacement contacts are self-centering and have largely proven themselves.
  • the known insulation displacement contacts as for example in the introductory paragraph of U.S. Patent 6,866,536 However, as a rule, they are suitable only for use with a precisely predetermined conductor diameter and a small area around this conductor diameter. They also require considerable installation height and, in most configurations, can only contact one conductor at a time. In addition, they are generally suitable only for the one-time wiring of a conductor or at least very few Bescharisvor réelle, since they can deform considerably plastically when inserting the cable core between the blades. The extent of the plastic deformation is often dependent on how deep the cable core and thus the conductor between the blades of the IDC is inserted, so that the already low suitability for multiple wiring is also an unpredictable size.
  • an electrical terminal with an insulation displacement contact is known, which is suitable for the simultaneous contacting of two conductors.
  • the insulation displacement contact as a pliers (or bucket shape) curved insulation displacement contact (bent punched part) is formed, wherein the depth of the pliers formed thereby (corresponding to the length of the bent insulation displacement contact) is sufficiently large to allow the inclusion of two conductors.
  • This solution has the advantage that, in contrast to conventional insulation displacement contacts, the spring force exerted by the cutting clamp on the conductor does not increase in function of the insertion depth; the first allows the introduction of two equally thick (in cross-section) conductors simultaneously.
  • the EP 0 344 526 shows a terminal block for a cable connection unit with a clamp, which is inserted into an insulating body.
  • the clip has, on the one hand, a connection contact and, on the other hand, a separating or clamping device.
  • a connecting piece between the terminal contact and the V-shaped clamping device connects proximally to the terminal contact and is in two parts.
  • the embodiment is not suitable for applying an elastic spring force by the clamping device, so that when introducing a conductor plastic deformation will take place.
  • the brackets also require a considerable installation height. In addition, they are also due to plastic deformation generally suitable only for the one-time wiring of a conductor or at least very few Bescharisvor sautician.
  • An insulation displacement contact according to the invention is characterized essentially by the fact that, as a whole, together with a cutting section with two mutually facing contact blades, it has two forked parts, both of which contribute to a clamping force with which the two contact blades are pressed against each other (during the wiring) as soon as possible a conductor is pushed between the contact blades and these are thereby pressed apart.
  • a wiring direction i.
  • the fork parts are angled towards the cutting area, i. they do not run in a common plane with the cutting area.
  • the fork parts form an angle to the cutting part does not mean that they necessarily have to be flat in certain areas. Also, it is not excluded that at least one of the lots angled 180 ° to the fork and thus parallel to this. Rather, here means 'form an angle' only that the respective fork and the cutting section does not extend in a common plane and preferably not parallel to each other in the same direction (ie, the respective fork is not angled back in a parallel plane and in the same direction ) As described in more detail below are preferably (in different constellations), the two forked parts at least 90 ° angled so that the installation height of the dimension of the cutting section corresponds and this at least does not significantly exceed.
  • the two fork parts each have the function of an elastic spring, and they are preferably arranged so that they are deflected during the intended insertion of the conductor only through the cutting section and, for example. Not even act as additional terminals; this would impair the spring action and also make an ideal spring shape impossible, which will be discussed in more detail below.
  • the fork parts are designed in such a way that they both act as springs clamping from one side.
  • Each of the two fork sections individually constitutes an independent, elastic spring. This means that when the contact blades move apart relative to one another by a thickness of a conductor to be contacted both in the region of the proximal bending line (ie the line at which the cutting section merges into the first fork section ) as well as in the region of the distal bend line (ie the line at which the cutting section merges into the second fork section) the first and the second fork are substantially elastically and not plastically deformed or only to a very small extent compared to the elastic deformation.
  • the contact blades do not open (or at most slightly) V-shaped with increasing opening angle as a function of the insertion path; on the contrary: Preferably, the contact blades remain approximately parallel to each other during insertion (or possibly even take a slightly open to the distal side configuration when positioning the conductor in a distal position on).
  • the deflection of the fork spring is therefore practically only dependent on the diameter of the conductor and not on the position of the conductor between the contact blades.
  • the spring constants of the two springs formed by the first and second yokes are of the same order of magnitude (assuming the force required there for deflection in the region of the respective bend line), ie the spring constants differ by at most one Factor 3 (ie 1/3 F 1 ⁇ F 2 ⁇ 3 F 1 ) , preferably at most a factor of 2, and most preferably they are substantially the same, ie they differ by at most a factor of 1.5.
  • the two spring constants are practically exactly the same, ie they differ by a maximum of about 20%.
  • the fork bars of the first fork are approximately the same length as the fork bars of the second fork.
  • the lengths are at most 50%, more preferably at most 30% different.
  • the distance m or n is defined as follows: In a development of the insulation displacement contact, those straight lines are cut with the inner or outer contour line, which have an angle of 45 ° to the tangent at the inner or outer vertex. The distance of the respective point of intersection to the perpendicular to said tangent corresponds to the value m or n , for which the above conditions apply.
  • the procedure according to the invention has the first, immediate advantage that, given a sufficiently long cutting section, two conductors can be connected simultaneously, i. a conductor clamped in one position does not prevent a sufficient clamping force from being applied to a second conductor inserted at another position between the contact blades. This may even apply if the two conductors do not have the exact same diameter.
  • the second advantage of the method according to the invention results in the advantage that conductors of different diameters can be connected, namely reversibly.
  • a first thicker conductor and, after its removal, a second, less thick conductor can be reliably connected - because virtually no plastic deformation occurs due to the procedure according to the invention, provided that only conductors with a diameter in an approved diameter range are connected.
  • the fork parts are preferably designed so that a conductor to be inserted over a whole length of the cutting section is reversibly clamped, ie that the clamping force over the entire length is sufficient but not too large, deformed by inserting a conductor of an intended size of the insulation displacement contact substantially elastic becomes.
  • the design with the angled fork parts allows the use of Kunststoffssentungen (eg, plugs, adapters, jacks, etc.) of a total of low overall height. This is particularly the case when the fork parts are angled at least approximately 90 °: then the entire height of the height of the cutting section can correspond. Overall, there is an optimal relationship between height and elasticity: despite low overall height, the blades can be moved in a relatively very large area under elastic deformation of the insulation displacement contact relative to each other.
  • the geometry of contact elements designed according to the invention also makes it possible for the insulation displacement contact as a whole to be provided with two insulation displacement openings which are open in opposite directions or configured as a double contact element with two insulation displacement contact parts formed at different locations.
  • the insulation displacement contact is designed so that a continuous conductor can be connected without it would have to be bent or even circumcised.
  • a conductor to be connected preferably should be contacted by the insulation displacement contact essentially (by exerting a force) only by the contact blades, whereby the fork parts can be designed to be optimized for their function as elastic springs.
  • one of the two fork parts is angled by more than 90 °, while the other is angled at approximately 90 °.
  • the first fork section angled by more than 90 ° corresponds to the first fork section (ie the "upper" fork section) adjoining the proximal end of the cutting section.
  • the fork webs of the two forked parts are both "below" the conductor.
  • first and second forked parts are angled towards the cutting section so that they lie on the same side of the cutting section relative to a cutting section plane.
  • This configuration allows the first fork section to be angled at just over 90 ° without additional space - for example, around 100-140 °. This brings a particularly advantageous stress-free distribution of forces and allows the use of inherently stiff blades.
  • the configuration is also advantageous in terms of dimensioning, since relatively large first and second forks can be used, wherein the insulation displacement contact as a whole with increasing fork size only in one direction is greater.
  • the first and second forked portions lie on different sides of the cutting-board plane.
  • This variant is particularly advantageous if the first fork part is angled at 180 ° or at other comparatively large angles, for example between 150 ° and 190 °.
  • the insulation displacement contact as a whole then has the shape of a bracket with, for example, approximately vertically angled (second) fork, wherein the bracket is formed by the first fork and the cutting section.
  • the cable core can be pressed between the blades by means of a cable cover which can be pushed over the bracket and approaches the blades close to the blades; So there are no elements required for the wiring, which would have to intervene in the small gap between the fork legs, ie between the blades comes only the head to lie.
  • the cutting section is preferably formed as a (third) spring element. This has the additional advantage that potential energy can also be stored in the cutting section and, in this way, additional plastic deformation of the insulation displacement contact is counteracted.
  • the insulation displacement contact is metallic and one-piece.
  • the insulation displacement contact according to the invention is produced as a stamped, bent component (sheet metal).
  • sheet metal The deflection of the contact blades and the corresponding force acting against the deflection spring force then act in the plane of the sheet, and not perpendicular thereto.
  • This has, among other things, the advantage that the significant spring constant can be chosen almost arbitrarily by the width of the fork leg sections and design of the fork bridge area, i. the spring constant is not only dependent on the sheet thickness but a free parameter.
  • proven and comparatively cost-effective production methods can be used.
  • the cutting section as a whole is substantially flat, i. at least the cutting edges and, for example, the entire cutting section run in a plane and without bends.
  • the insulation displacement contact can have - in particular in embodiments for the wiring of comparatively thick conductors - in the proximal direction projecting contact tips with which the insulation of thicker cable cores is pierced when wiring.
  • the contact blades may be stamped in the lead-in area to increase the cutting action.
  • a contacting device of the inventive type has a plurality of inventive insulation displacement contacts, which are arranged in and / or on a housing.
  • the insulation displacement contacts serve either directly contacting another element (cable core of a branched line or contact a device, etc.) by also forming a socket or plug contact (with socket or plug contact are also called corresponding distributor strip contacts), or they are contacted or contacted in the housing by a female or male contact; the housing does not have to be one-piece and can provide that an electrical connection between insulation displacement contacts and cable cores on the one hand and / or between insulation displacement contacts and socket or plug contacts on the other hand by the assembly of housing parts is made.
  • FIGS. 1 or 13/14 insulation displacement contacts shown in an embodiment in a flat shape, as they are, for example, as semi-finished products before bending into the desired 3D shape; in the Figures 2 and 15 are also each the bending lines (in reality, there are areas in an environment of these lines), which define the transition between the cutting part on the one hand and the fork parts on the other.
  • the in Figures 1-4 illustrated insulation displacement contact 1 has a cutting section 3 with two blades 3.1, 3.2. In a region of the blades, mutually projecting cutting edges 3.3, 3.4 are formed for cutting an insulation 7.2 of a conductor 7.1.
  • blades are the elements forming the cutting part along their entire length, that is to say not only in the region in which the cutting edges are present.
  • a first fork 4 with two fork legs 4.1, 4.2 closes on the proximal side (in those figures, such as FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 show a 3D view, the proximal side of the cutting section corresponds to the top, the distal Side of the bottom; the cable cores are inserted as "from above” to the cutting section 3.
  • the first fork portion formed by the first fork 4 is angled at an angle of more than 90 ° - here about 115 ° - relative to the cutting section.
  • An end portion 4.4 of the first fork portion is slightly bent for reasons of space of a fork main part.
  • the second fork section formed by the second fork 5 has an angle of approximately 90 ° to the cutting section. This arrangement allows the wiring of a continuous, not bent conductor, which will be described below with reference to FIG. 10 even more clearly illustrated.
  • the second fork part also includes a female contact part 6, which is formed on suitable, adapted to the geometric situation in the contacting device manner, so that a plug contact of a plug can make a reliable electrical contact.
  • each of the two blades 3.1, 3.2 each have a contact tip 3.5, 3.6.
  • these contact tips when wiring thicker cable wires 7 pierce the insulation and penetrate into their inner. That brings with it the positive effect that the radial (With respect to the cable core) force to be exerted by the insulation displacement contact and thus the maximum deflection of the blades against each other during the Bescharisvorgang can be: it is quasi at most the inner part of the insulation to be pierced by means of a radial cutting movement. This measure therefore causes the range of possible, reversibly connectable thicknesses to be increased.
  • FIG. 5 illustrated variant of the insulation displacement contact is different from the insulation displacement contact according to FIG. 1 in that the cutters are stepped farther apart, ie in an upper proximal part, than in a lower part. This further extends the range of manageable cable thicknesses: thin cables are pushed all the way down, while thicker cables stay in the upper area.
  • the variant according to FIG. 6 still has the feature that in addition a Ablfitklinge 8 for cutting the cable core 7 is present; this variant is advantageous in connection with the use of non-continuous cables.
  • the socket contact part 6 in other embodiments, it may also be a plug contact part
  • the socket contact part 6 may also be present elements for even more functions, for example. Soldering pins, springs, etc.
  • FIG. 7 is shown by the solid line schematically the force exerted on the conductor by the blades force F as a function of the insertion path s of the cable core, of an insulation displacement contact of the in Figures 1-4 is assumed kind. Due to the beveled shape of the blades in the proximal region, the blades are first disengaged steadily, which due to the Hooke's law an analog, for example. Linear increase in force result. Once the ladder is in the area where the cutting edges of the blades are parallel to each other and the insulation is severed at the contact point to the IDC, the force F remains constant, however, as further insertion the two forks are not deformed further.
  • inventive insulation displacement contacts are also optimized by further means that allow the smallest possible space as large as possible elastic spring range of the forks. So are like in FIG. 8 For example, the forks are shown differently from the shape realized in the prior art with a round inner contour line in the region of the vertex and adjoining parallel fork bars of constant diameter. In particular, at least in the region of the vertex, the curvature will preferably not be constant, but decrease as a function of the distance from the vertex.
  • Analogous considerations can also apply to the outer contour line, wherein it is particularly advantageous for the outer contour line if it deviates from a shape which can be approximated by three sides of a rectangle with rounded corners therebetween.
  • FIG. 9 shows further criteria for the inner curl line 21.1 and the outer curvature line 21.2, which correspond to the largest possible optimization of the elastic spring range of the forks in the smallest possible space.
  • m is smaller than this value, for example by at least d / 12 , more preferably by at least d / 8 , so that m ⁇ 3 d / 8.
  • This criterion also means that the maximum distance of the inner contour line from the plane of symmetry is not already taken in the vicinity of the apex, but away from it.
  • a realistic lower limit for the value m is, for example, at d / 12, particularly preferably at least d / 8.
  • n is smaller than p / 2, more preferably n is not larger than 7 p / 16.
  • p / 4 the value p / 4 can be assumed.
  • the planes 41, 42 are replaced by corresponding straight lines 41, 42 which are at an angle of 45 ° to the tangent 43 and 44 at the corresponding vertex, the distance to the intersection then from the vertical 40 on the Tangent 43 or 44 is measured by the vertex; This definition is also valid for not symmetrically designed insulation displacement contacts.
  • FIG. 10 schematically shows a contacting device with a insulation displacement contact 1 of the type described above FIG. 10 It can also be seen that due to the selected angle between the cutting section 3 on the one hand and the fork sections 4, 5 on the other hand, a continuous cable core 7 can be connected.
  • the device has a housing 12.
  • the housing is designed such that plug contacts 13 of a plug 14 can protrude into the housing interior such that the socket contact regions 6 of the insulation displacement contacts 1 can be contacted.
  • the insulation displacement contact 1 according to the FIGS. 11 and 12 is different from the one of FIGS. 1 to 4 in that it is designed, for example, specifically for a multiple socket connector strip as a contacting device.
  • the female contact area 6 more socket contact holes 6.1-6.4 are formed, in each of which a cylindrical plug contact can be inserted here.
  • the slots in the area of the socket contact holes provide the necessary elasticity in the event that the plug contacts are stiff in itself.
  • insulation displacement contacts in FIGS. 10 and 11 be shown, the arrangement may be such that the corresponding socket contact holes 6.1-6.4 of the various insulation displacement contacts form a corresponding plug type a corresponding arrangement.
  • socket contact holes or in addition to these other connection means are conceivable, for example. Lötscher or points, piercing tips, etc.
  • the insulation displacement contact according FIGS. 13-15 is different from the one of Figures 1-4 among other things in that the first and the second fork are angled on different sides of the plane defined by the cutting section. This can, as in FIGS. 13 and 14 is also visible, the second fork portion to be angled by about 180 °, so that the cutting section 3 and the second fork section 5 together form a bracket with two strap spars, between which a cable core has to be inserted with the conductor to be wired. This can be done with the help of a wiring cover, which can be, for example, slipped over the bracket.
  • the shape of the insulation displacement contact according to FIGS. 13-15 is therefore particularly suitable for the design as a comparatively small insulation displacement contact, so for example for the connection of data lines.
  • a contacting device according to the invention can be designed as a plug or socket of a data line, for example as an RJ-45 plug or socket.
  • FIGS. 13 to 15 Another special feature of the insulation displacement contact according FIGS. 13 to 15 is expressed in the recesses 3.8, which are visible in the cutting section. Due to these indentations act the blades 3.1, 3.2 at the same time as spring elements, in addition to the forks. They can therefore contribute to the elasticity of the insulation displacement contact as a whole and also torsional forces which are caused by the Verwinkelung of the two forks 4, 5 relative to each other.

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  • Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Cable Accessories (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft die elektrische Kontaktierung von isolierten Leitern mittels eines Schneidklemmkontakt. Sie betrifft insbesondere einen Schneidklemmkontakt und eine Kontaktierungsvorrichtung mit einem Schneidklemmkontakt.The invention relates to the electrical contacting of insulated conductors by means of an insulation displacement contact. It relates in particular to an insulation displacement contact and a contacting device with an insulation displacement contact.

Für die elektrische Kontaktierung von Kabeladern (isolierten Litzenleitern oder Drähten) werden einerseits elektrisch leitfähige Klemmen verwendet, mit denen der zuvor in einem Kontaktierungsbereich abzuisolierende Leiter geklemmt und dadurch kontaktiert wird. Andererseits sind isolationsdurchdringende Technologien bekannt. Bei solchen handelt es sich um elektrisch leitfähige Kontaktelemente, die so eingerichtet sind, dass sie die elektrische Isolierung am Ort der Kontaktierung durchstossen und den eigentlichen Leiter ohne vorheriges Abisolieren kontaktieren. Am bekanntesten sind diesbezüglich die Schneidklemmkontakte (,Insulation Displacement Connector' (IDC)-Kontakte), bei denen die Kabelader zwischen zwei Klingen in einen gabelartigen, mit Schneiden versehenen Bereich des Kontakts gedrückt wird, bis die Isolierung durchtrennt ist, wodurch der Leiter nicht nur kontaktiert, sondern die Kabelader auch gleich festgeklemmt wird. Ebenfalls bekannt sind die sogenannten Piercing-Kontakte, bei denen die Isolierung mit mindestens einer Kontaktspitze durchstochen wird.For the electrical contacting of cable cores (insulated stranded conductors or wires), on the one hand, electrically conductive terminals are used, with which the conductor previously to be stripped in a contacting region is clamped and thereby contacted. On the other hand, insulation-pervading technologies are known. Such are electrically conductive contact elements, which are set up so that they pierce the electrical insulation at the contact location and contact the actual conductor without prior stripping. The best known in this regard is the Insulation Displacement Connector (IDC) contacts, in which the cable core is forced between two blades into a forked, cut-out portion of the contact until the insulation is severed, thereby not only causing the conductor to sag contacted, but the cable core is also clamped the same. Also known are the so-called piercing contacts, in which the insulation is pierced with at least one contact tip.

Während die Piercing-Kontakte eine separate, eigenständige Kabeladerhalterung voraussetzen, sind Schneidklemmkontakte selbstzentrierend und haben sich weitgehend bewährt. Die bekannten Schneidklemmkontakte, wie sie beispielsweise im einleitenden Absatz der US-Patentschrift 6,866,536 beschrieben sind, sind jedoch in der Regel nur zur Verwendung mit einem exakt vorgegebenen Leiterdurchmesser und einem kleinen Bereich um diesen Leiterdurchmesser herum geeignet. Sie benötigen ausserdem eine beträchtliche Einbauhöhe und können in den meisten Ausgestaltungen nur einen Leiter auf einmal kontaktieren. Ausserdem sind sie im Allgemeinen nur für die einmalige Beschaltung eines Leiters oder zumindest nur sehr wenige Beschaltungsvorgänge geeignet, da sie sich beim Einschieben dar Kabelader zwischen die Klingen beträchtlich plastisch verformen können. Das Ausmass der plastischen Verformung ist vielfach abhängig davon, wie tief die Kabelader und damit der Leiter zwischen die Klingen des IDC eingeschoben wird, so dass die ohnehin geringe Eignung zur Mehrfach-Beschaltung auch eine unvorhersehbare Grösse ist.While the piercing contacts require a separate, independent cable wire holder, insulation displacement contacts are self-centering and have largely proven themselves. The known insulation displacement contacts, as for example in the introductory paragraph of U.S. Patent 6,866,536 However, as a rule, they are suitable only for use with a precisely predetermined conductor diameter and a small area around this conductor diameter. They also require considerable installation height and, in most configurations, can only contact one conductor at a time. In addition, they are generally suitable only for the one-time wiring of a conductor or at least very few Beschaltungsvorgänge, since they can deform considerably plastically when inserting the cable core between the blades. The extent of the plastic deformation is often dependent on how deep the cable core and thus the conductor between the blades of the IDC is inserted, so that the already low suitability for multiple wiring is also an unpredictable size.

Aus der DE 1990 98 25 oder der DE 20 2005 012 792 U ist eine elektrische Klemme mit einem Schneidklemmkontakt bekannt, der für die gleichzeitige Kontaktierung zweier Leiter geeignet ist. Zu diesem Zweck ist der Schneidklemmkontakt als zangenförmig (oder baggerschaufelartig) gebogener Schneidklemmkontakt (gebogenes Stanzteil) ausgebildet, wobei die Tiefe der dadurch gebildeten Zange (entsprechend der Länge des gebogenen Schneidklemmkontakts) genügend gross ist, um die Aufnahme zweier Leiter zu erlauben. Diese Lösung hat den Vorteil, dass im Gegensatz zu konventionellen Schneidklemmkontakten die durch die Schneidklemme auf den Leiter ausgeübte Federkraft nicht in Funktion der Einführungstiefe zunimmt; das erst ermöglicht das Einführen von zwei gleich dicken (im Querschnitt) Leitern gleichzeitig. Nachteilig ist jedoch, dass bei dieser Konstruktion eine grosse Materialstärke vorausgesetzt wird oder die Kontaktkräfte in Verhältnis zur Baugrösse relativ gering sind, und dass die Federkraft durch die Blechdicke gegeben und daher - wenig flexibel - nur durch Materialdicke und Materialwahl beeinflussbarer Parameter ist. Ausserdem ist die Einbauhöhe eines solchen Schneidklemmkontakts relativ gross, so dass er zwar für die Verwendung in der in DE 20 2005 012 792 U beschriebenen Klemme geeignet ist, sich jedoch Probleme bei der Verwendung für bekannte Steckersysteme ergeben können. Ausserdem eignet sich diese Konstruktion nicht für die Beschaltung von durchgehenden Kabeladern.From the DE 1990 98 25 or the DE 20 2005 012 792 U An electrical terminal with an insulation displacement contact is known, which is suitable for the simultaneous contacting of two conductors. For this purpose, the insulation displacement contact as a pliers (or bucket shape) curved insulation displacement contact (bent punched part) is formed, wherein the depth of the pliers formed thereby (corresponding to the length of the bent insulation displacement contact) is sufficiently large to allow the inclusion of two conductors. This solution has the advantage that, in contrast to conventional insulation displacement contacts, the spring force exerted by the cutting clamp on the conductor does not increase in function of the insertion depth; the first allows the introduction of two equally thick (in cross-section) conductors simultaneously. The disadvantage, however, is that in this construction, a large material thickness is required or the contact forces in relation to the size are relatively small, and that the spring force given by the sheet thickness and therefore - little flexible - only by material thickness and Material choice influenceable parameter is. In addition, the installation height of such a insulation displacement contact is relatively large, so that while it is suitable for use in the in DE 20 2005 012 792 U described terminal, however, may result in problems in use for known connector systems. In addition, this construction is not suitable for the wiring of continuous cable cores.

Die EP 0 344 526 zeigt einen Anschlussblock für eine Kabelanschlusseinheit mit einer Klammer, die in einen Isolierkörper eingesetzt ist. Die Klammer weist einerseits einen Anschlusskontakt und andererseits eine Abtrenn- bzw. Klemmeinrichtung auf. In einer Ausführungsform schliesst ein Verbindungsstück zwischen dem Anschlusskontakt und der V-förmigen Klemmeinrichtung proximal an den Anschlusskontakt an und ist zweiteilig. Die Ausgestaltung ist jedoch nicht zum Aufbringen einer elastischen Federkraft durch die Klemmeinrichtung geeignet, sodass beim Einbringen eines Leiters eine plastische Verformung stattfinden wird. Die Klammern benötigen ausserdem eine beträchtliche Einbauhöhe. Ausserdem sind sie ebenfalls wegen eintretenden plastischen Verformung im Allgemeinen nur für die einmalige Beschaltung eines Leiters oder zumindest nur sehr wenige Beschaltungsvorgänge geeignet.The EP 0 344 526 shows a terminal block for a cable connection unit with a clamp, which is inserted into an insulating body. The clip has, on the one hand, a connection contact and, on the other hand, a separating or clamping device. In one embodiment, a connecting piece between the terminal contact and the V-shaped clamping device connects proximally to the terminal contact and is in two parts. However, the embodiment is not suitable for applying an elastic spring force by the clamping device, so that when introducing a conductor plastic deformation will take place. The brackets also require a considerable installation height. In addition, they are also due to plastic deformation generally suitable only for the one-time wiring of a conductor or at least very few Beschaltungsvorgänge.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Schneidklemmkontakt zur Verfügung zu stellen, welcher Nachteile des Standes der Technik überwindet und welcher insbesondere für die mehrfache Beschaltung mehrere Leiter (mit vorzugsweise gar unterschiedlicher Leiterquerschnitten ) hintereinander geeignet ist. Bevorzugt sind Lösungen, die sogar ermöglichen, dass Kabeladern unterschiedlicher Durchmesser beschaltet werden können. Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung ist das zur-Verfügung-Stellen einer entsprechenden Kontaktierungsvorrichtung.It is an object of the invention to provide an insulation displacement contact, which overcomes disadvantages of the prior art and which, in particular for the multiple wiring several conductors (preferably even different conductor cross-sections) is successively suitable. Preferred are solutions that even allow cable cores of different diameters can be connected. Another object of the invention is to provide a corresponding contacting device.

Diese Aufgaben werden gelöst durch die Erfindung, wie sie in den Patentansprüchen definiert ist.These objects are achieved by the invention as defined in the claims.

Ein Schneidklemmkontakt gemäss der Erfindung zeichnet sich im Wesentlichen dadurch aus, dass er als Ganzes nebst einer Schneidpartie mit zwei einander zugewandten Kontaktklingen zwei Gabelpartien aufweist, die beide zu einer Klemmkraft beitragen, mit welcher die beiden Kontaktklingen (bei der Beschaltung) gegeneinander gedrückt werden, sobald ein Leiter zwischen die Kontaktklingen gestossen wird und diese dadurch auseinanderdrückt werden. Dabei greift - in Bezug auf eine Beschaltungsrichtung, d.h. eine bspw. parallel zu den Schneiden der Klingen verlaufende Richtung, in welche der Leiter beim Eindrücken zwischen die Klingen bewegt wird - die eine Gabel proximal (d.h. auf der Seite, von welcher her der Leiter eingeführt wird) und die andere Gabel distal (d.h. auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite) an, so dass die beiden Kontaktklingen von vier Punkten her zusammengedrückt werden. Die Gabelpartien sind zum Schneidbereich abgewinkelt, d.h. sie verlaufen nicht in einer gemeinsamen Ebene mit dem Schneidbereich.An insulation displacement contact according to the invention is characterized essentially by the fact that, as a whole, together with a cutting section with two mutually facing contact blades, it has two forked parts, both of which contribute to a clamping force with which the two contact blades are pressed against each other (during the wiring) as soon as possible a conductor is pushed between the contact blades and these are thereby pressed apart. In this case - with respect to a wiring direction, i. a direction, for example, parallel to the cutting edges of the blades, into which the conductor is moved between the blades when pressed in - one fork proximally (ie on the side from which the conductor is inserted) and the other fork distal (ie the opposite side), so that the two contact blades are compressed from four points ago. The fork parts are angled towards the cutting area, i. they do not run in a common plane with the cutting area.

Dass die Gabelpartien zur Schneidpartie einen Winkel bilden bedeutet nicht, dass sie notwendigerweise bereichsweise flach sein müssen. Auch ist nicht ausgeschlossen, dass mindestens eine der Partien um 180° zur Gabel abgewinkelt und also zu dieser parallel ist. Vielmehr heisst hier ,einen Winkel bilden' lediglich, dass sich die jeweilige Gabelpartie und die Schneidpartie nicht in einer gemeinsamen Ebene erstrecken und vorzugsweise auch nicht parallel zueinander in gleicher Richtung (d.h. die jeweilige Gabelpartie ist nicht in eine parallele Ebene und in gleicher Richtung zurück abgewinkelt) Wie nachfolgend noch eingehender beschrieben sind vorzugsweise (in unterschiedlichen Konstellationen) die beiden Gabelpartien um je mindestens 90° abgewinkelt, so dass die Einbauhöhe der Abmessung der Schneidpartie entspricht und diese zumindest nicht wesentlich übertrifft.The fact that the fork parts form an angle to the cutting part does not mean that they necessarily have to be flat in certain areas. Also, it is not excluded that at least one of the lots angled 180 ° to the fork and thus parallel to this. Rather, here means 'form an angle' only that the respective fork and the cutting section does not extend in a common plane and preferably not parallel to each other in the same direction (ie, the respective fork is not angled back in a parallel plane and in the same direction ) As described in more detail below are preferably (in different constellations), the two forked parts at least 90 ° angled so that the installation height of the dimension of the cutting section corresponds and this at least does not significantly exceed.

Die beiden Gabelpartien haben je die Funktion einer elastischen Feder, und sie sind vorzugsweise so angeordnet, dass sie beim bestimmungsgemässen Einschieben des Leiters nur durch die Schneidpartie ausgelenkt werden und bspw. nicht etwa selbst als zusätzliche Klemmen wirken; solches würde die Federwirkung beeinträchtigen und auch eine ideale Federform verunmöglichen, was weiter unten noch eingehender diskutiert wird.The two fork parts each have the function of an elastic spring, and they are preferably arranged so that they are deflected during the intended insertion of the conductor only through the cutting section and, for example. Not even act as additional terminals; this would impair the spring action and also make an ideal spring shape impossible, which will be discussed in more detail below.

Die Gabelpartien sind so ausgelegt, dass beide je von einer Seite her als Federn klemmend wirken. Beide Gabelpartien stellen je für sich eine unabhängige, elastische Feder dar. Das bedeutet, dass beim Auseinanderbewegen der Kontaktklingen relativ zueinander um eine Dicke eines zu kontaktierenden Leiters sowohl im Bereich der proximalen Abwinkelungslinie (d.h. der Linie, an welcher die Schneidpartie in die erste Gabelpartie übergeht) als auch im Bereich der distalen Abwinkelungslinie (d.h. der Linie, an welcher die Schneidpartie in die zweite Gabelpartie übergeht) die erste bzw. die zweite Gabel im Wesentlichen elastisch und nicht oder im Vergleich zur elastischen Verformung nur in sehr geringem Ausmass plastisch verformt werden.The fork parts are designed in such a way that they both act as springs clamping from one side. Each of the two fork sections individually constitutes an independent, elastic spring. This means that when the contact blades move apart relative to one another by a thickness of a conductor to be contacted both in the region of the proximal bending line (ie the line at which the cutting section merges into the first fork section ) as well as in the region of the distal bend line (ie the line at which the cutting section merges into the second fork section) the first and the second fork are substantially elastically and not plastically deformed or only to a very small extent compared to the elastic deformation.

Das heisst auch, dass sich im Allgemeinen beim Einschieben des Leiters die Kontaktklingen nicht (oder höchstens unwesentlich) V-förmig mit in Funktion des Einschiebewegs zunehmendem Öffnungswinkel öffnen; im Gegenteil: Vorzugsweise verbleiben die Kontaktklingen beim Einschieben näherungsweise parallel zueinander (oder nehmen eventuell beim Positionieren des Leiters in einer distalen Lage gar einen leicht zur distalen Seite hin geöffnete Konfiguration an). Die Auslenkung der Gabelfeder ist folglich praktisch nur vom Durchmesser des Leiters abhängig und nicht von der Position des Leiters zwischen den Kontaktklingen.This also means that in general when inserting the conductor, the contact blades do not open (or at most slightly) V-shaped with increasing opening angle as a function of the insertion path; on the contrary: Preferably, the contact blades remain approximately parallel to each other during insertion (or possibly even take a slightly open to the distal side configuration when positioning the conductor in a distal position on). The deflection of the fork spring is therefore practically only dependent on the diameter of the conductor and not on the position of the conductor between the contact blades.

Zu diesem Zweck sind die Federkonstanten der beiden durch die erste bzw. zweite Gabel gebildeten Federn von einer selben Grössenordnung (wenn man die für eine Auslenkung im Bereich der jeweiligen Abwinkelungslinie die dort benötigte Kraft zum Massstab nimmt), d.h. die Federkonstanten unterscheiden sich um höchstens einen Faktor 3 (d.h. 1/3F1 <F2 <3F1), bevorzugt um höchstens einen Faktor 2, und besonders bevorzugt sind sie im Wesentlichen gleich, d.h. sie unterscheiden sich um höchstens einen Faktor 1.5. Idealerweise sind die beiden Federkonstanten gar praktisch genau gleich, d.h. sie unterscheiden sich um höchstens ca. 20%.For this purpose, the spring constants of the two springs formed by the first and second yokes are of the same order of magnitude (assuming the force required there for deflection in the region of the respective bend line), ie the spring constants differ by at most one Factor 3 (ie 1/3 F 1 < F 2 <3 F 1 ) , preferably at most a factor of 2, and most preferably they are substantially the same, ie they differ by at most a factor of 1.5. Ideally, the two spring constants are practically exactly the same, ie they differ by a maximum of about 20%.

Diese Kriterien lassen sich besonders gut verwirklichen, wenn die Gabelholme der ersten Gabel ungefähr gleich lang sind wie die Gabelholme der zweiten Gabel. Bspw. sind die Längen um höchstens 50%, besonders bevorzugt um höchstens 30% unterschiedlich sind.These criteria can be realized particularly well when the fork bars of the first fork are approximately the same length as the fork bars of the second fork. For example. the lengths are at most 50%, more preferably at most 30% different.

Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Formen der beiden Gabeln optimiert für einen möglichst grossen elastischen Bereich im Verhältnis zur Länge der Gabeln, was auch mit sich bringt, dass sie eine vergleichsweise grosse potentielle Energie speichern können. Herkömmliche Schneidklemmkontakte haben im Bereich des Steges zwischen den Klingen eine etwa kreisumfangslinienförmige innere Kontur, an die ein Bereich anschliesst, in welchem zwei parallele Holme ausgebildet sind. Die äussere Konturlinie von herkömmlichen Schneidklemmkontakten ist oft bereichsweise rechteckförmig mit abgerundeten Ecken. Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, dass eine solche Form nicht optimal ist, weil im Bereich des Steges sehr grosse Kräfte auftreten, die zu bleibenden (plastischen) Verformungen führen. Obwohl die Erfindung solche Formen nicht ausschliesst, wird doch bevorzugt eine davon abweichende Geometrie der beiden Gabeln vorgeschlagen. Bevorzugt sind die Gabeln so ausgebildet, dass bei einer Auslenkung nicht nur im Bereich der Stege eine (elastische) Verformung auftritt, sondern dass die ganze Länge der Gabel zur Speicherung potentieller Energie beiträgt. Insbesondere ist bevorzugt mindestens eines, vorzugsweise mehrere der folgenden Designkriterien realisiert:

  • Eine innere Konturlinie der entsprechenden Gabel ist bezüglich einer Symmetrieebene durch den Scheitelpunkt symmetrisch, und für einen Abstand m zwischen der Symmetrieebene und einem Schnittpunkt einer senkrecht zu einer Gabelebene verlaufenden Ebene in einem Winkel von 45° zur Symmetrieebene einerseits und der inneren Konturlinie andererseits gilt: m ≤ 3d/8, wobei d der Abstand zwischen Punkten der inneren Konturlinie am Ort des grössten Abstandes zwischen den Gabelholmen ist.
  • Eine äussere Konturlinie der entsprechenden Gabel ist bezüglich einer Symmetrieebene durch den Scheitelpunkt symmetrisch, und für einen Abstand n zwischen der Symmetrieebene und einem Schnittpunkt einer senkrecht zu einer Gabelebene verlaufenden Ebene in einem Winkel von 45° zur Symmetrieebene einerseits und der äusseren Konturlinie andererseits gilt: p/4≤n<p/2, wobei p der Abstand zwischen Punkten der äusseren Konturlinie am Ort des grössten Abstandes zwischen den Gabelholmen ist.
  • Die entsprechende Gabel hat eine innere Konturlinie, die im Scheitelpunkt einen von null verschiedenen Krümmungsradius rSi aufweist und Tangenten an die innere Konturlinie im, radial im Bezug auf den Krümmungskreis im Scheitelpunkt gemessenen, Abstand eines Krümmungsradius einen von 0° verschiedenen Winkel zueinander bilden, wobei der Winkel vorzugsweise mindestens 10°, mindestens 20° oder mindestens 30° beträgt. Beispielsweise verläuft die innere Konturlinie näherungsweise elliptisch, d.h. gekrümmt mit der grössten Krümmung im Bereich des Scheitelpunkts.
  • Die Breite der Gabelholme nimmt in Funktion des Abstandes vom Scheitelpunkt stetig ab.
  • Die äussere Konturlinie hat einen bspw. zur inneren Konturlinie analogen Verlauf (sie kann auch elliptisch sein), wobei sie im Scheitelpunkt einen von null verschiedenen Krümmungsradius rSa aufweist und Tangenten an die äussere Konturlinie im, radial im Bezug auf den Krümmungskreis im Scheitelpunkt gemessenen, Abstand eines Krümmungsradius einen von 0° verschiedenen Winkel zueinander bilden, wobei der Winkel vorzugsweise mindestens 10°, mindestens 20° oder mindestens 30° beträgt.
  • Die äussere Konturlinie der entsprechenden Gabel hat qualitativ einen zum Verlauf der inneren Konturlinie analogen Verlauf, bspw. sind beide im Wesentlichen elliptisch mit verschiedenen Ellipsenparametern.
  • Wird die innere und/oder die äussere Konturlinie parametrisiert, so sind die erste und vorzugsweise auch die zweite Ableitung der Koordinaten nach der Parametrisierungsvariablen stetig.
According to a preferred embodiment, the shapes of the two forks are optimized for the largest possible elastic range in relation to the length of the forks, which also entails that they can store a comparatively large potential energy. Conventional insulation displacement contacts have in the region of the web between the blades an approximately circular circumferential inner contour, followed by an area in which two parallel spars are formed. The outer contour line of conventional insulation displacement contacts is often partially rectangular with rounded corners. However, it has been found that such a shape is not optimal, because very large forces occur in the region of the web, which lead to permanent (plastic) deformations. Although the invention does not exclude such forms, it is preferred to propose a different geometry of the two forks. Preferably, the forks are designed so that at a deflection not only in the region of the webs a (elastic) deformation occurs, but that the entire length of the fork for Storage of potential energy contributes. In particular, at least one, preferably more of the following design criteria is preferably realized:
  • An inner contour line of the corresponding fork is symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry through the vertex, and for a distance m between the plane of symmetry and an intersection of a plane perpendicular to a fork plane at an angle of 45 ° to the plane of symmetry on the one hand and the inner contour line on the other hand: m ≤ 3 d / 8, where d is the distance between points of the inner contour line at the location of the greatest distance between the fork legs.
  • An outer contour line of the corresponding fork is symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry through the vertex, and for a distance n between the plane of symmetry and an intersection of a plane perpendicular to a fork plane at an angle of 45 ° to the plane of symmetry on the one hand and the outer contour line on the other hand: p / 4≤ n <p / 2 where p is the distance between points of the outer contour line at the location of the greatest distance between the fork legs is.
  • The corresponding fork has an inner contour line which has a non-zero radius of curvature r Si at the vertex and tangents to the inner contour line in the distance of a radius of curvature measured radially with respect to the circle of curvature at the vertex, forming an angle other than 0 ° to each other the angle is preferably at least 10 °, at least 20 ° or at least 30 °. For example, the inner contour line is approximately elliptical, ie curved with the largest curvature in the region of the vertex.
  • The width of the fork legs decreases steadily in function of the distance from the vertex.
  • The outer contour line has a course analogous to the inner contour line (it can also be elliptical), having a non-zero radius of curvature r Sa at the vertex and tangents to the outer contour line in the vertex measured radially with respect to the circle of curvature, Distance of a radius of curvature form an angle different from 0 ° to each other, wherein the angle is preferably at least 10 °, at least 20 ° or at least 30 °.
  • The outer contour line of the corresponding fork qualitatively has a course analogous to the course of the inner contour line, for example, both are substantially elliptical with different ellipse parameters.
  • If the inner and / or the outer contour line is parameterized, then the first and preferably also the second derivative of the coordinates according to the parameterization variables are continuous.

Die ersten beiden genannten Designkriterien setzen voraus, dass die Konturlinie symmetrisch ist. Im allgemeinen Fall, in dem die entsprechende (innere oder äussere) Konturlinie nicht unbedingt bezüglich einer Symmetrieebene symmetrisch ist, wird der Abstand m bzw. n wie folgt definiert: In einer Abwicklung des Schneidklemmkontaktes werden diejenigen Gerade mit der inneren bzw. äusseren Konturlinie geschnitten, die zur Tangente am inneren bzw. äusseren Scheitelpunkt einen Winkel von 45° aufweisen. Der Abstand des jeweiligen Schnittpunktes zur Senkrechten auf die genannte Tangente entspricht dem Wert m bzw. n, für den die obigen Bedingungen gelten. Im asymmetrischen Fall können für die beiden 45°-Geraden unterschiedliche Werte m1 , m2 , n1 , n2 resultieren; die obigen Bedingungen können dann jeweils für einen dieser zwei Werte oder für beide gelten. Es kann auch nur die entsprechende Bedingung für die innere Konturlinie gelten und nicht für die äussere Konturlinie, oder umgekehrt.The first two mentioned design criteria assume that the contour line is symmetrical. In the general case in which the corresponding (inner or outer) contour line is not necessarily symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry, the distance m or n is defined as follows: In a development of the insulation displacement contact, those straight lines are cut with the inner or outer contour line, which have an angle of 45 ° to the tangent at the inner or outer vertex. The distance of the respective point of intersection to the perpendicular to said tangent corresponds to the value m or n , for which the above conditions apply. In the asymmetric case, different values m 1 , m 2 , n 1 , n 2 can result for the two 45 ° straight lines; the above conditions can then apply to one of these two values or to both. It is also only the corresponding condition for the inner contour line apply and not for the outer contour line, or vice versa.

Das erfindungsgemässe Vorgehen hat den ersten, unmittelbaren Vorteil, dass bei genügend langer Schneidpartie zwei Leiter gleichzeitig beschaltbar sind, d.h. ein in einer Position geklemmter Leiter verhindert nicht, dass auf einen zweiten, an einer anderen Position zwischen den Kontaktklingen eingeführten Leiter ebenfalls eine genügende Klemmkraft ausgeübt wird. Das gilt unter Umständen sogar dann, wenn die beiden Leiter nicht den exakt gleichen Durchmesser haben.The procedure according to the invention has the first, immediate advantage that, given a sufficiently long cutting section, two conductors can be connected simultaneously, i. a conductor clamped in one position does not prevent a sufficient clamping force from being applied to a second conductor inserted at another position between the contact blades. This may even apply if the two conductors do not have the exact same diameter.

Als zweiter Vorteil des erfindungsgemässen Vorgehens ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass Leiter unterschiedlicher Durchmesser beschaltbar sind, und zwar reversibel. Es kann also ein erster dickerer Leiter und nach dessen Entfernen ein zweiter, weniger dicker Leiter verlässlich beschaltet werden - weil aufgrund des erfindungsgemässen Vorgehens praktisch keine plastischen Verformungen auftreten, sofern nur Leiter mit einem Durchmesser in einem zugelassenen Durchmesserbereich beschaltet werden.The second advantage of the method according to the invention results in the advantage that conductors of different diameters can be connected, namely reversibly. Thus, a first thicker conductor and, after its removal, a second, less thick conductor can be reliably connected - because virtually no plastic deformation occurs due to the procedure according to the invention, provided that only conductors with a diameter in an approved diameter range are connected.

Die Gabelpartien sind vorzugsweise so ausgelegt, dass ein einzuführender Leiter über eine ganze Länge der Schneidpartie reversibel klemmbar ist, d.h. dass die Klemmkraft über die ganze Länge ausreichend aber nicht zu gross ist, wobei durch Einführen eines Leiters einer bestimmungsgemässen Grösse der Schneidklemmkontakt im Wesentlichen elastisch verformt wird.The fork parts are preferably designed so that a conductor to be inserted over a whole length of the cutting section is reversibly clamped, ie that the clamping force over the entire length is sufficient but not too large, deformed by inserting a conductor of an intended size of the insulation displacement contact substantially elastic becomes.

Ausserdem ermöglicht die Konstruktion mit den abgewinkelten Gabelpartien die Verwendung von Kontaktierungsvornchtungen (bspw. Steckern, Adapter, Buchsen etc.) von insgesamt geringer Bauhöhe. Dies ist insbesondere dann der Fall, wenn die Gabelpartien um mindestens ungefähr 90° abgewinkelt sind: dann kann die gesamte Bauhöhe der Höhe der Schneidpartie entsprechen. Insgesamt ergibt sich ein optimales Verhältnis zwischen Bauhöhe und Elastizität: trotz geringer Bauhöhe können die Klingen in einem vergleichsweise sehr grossen Bereich unter elastischer Verformung des Schneidklemmkontakts relativ zueinander bewegt werden.In addition, the design with the angled fork parts allows the use of Kontaktierungsvornchtungen (eg, plugs, adapters, jacks, etc.) of a total of low overall height. This is particularly the case when the fork parts are angled at least approximately 90 °: then the entire height of the height of the cutting section can correspond. Overall, there is an optimal relationship between height and elasticity: despite low overall height, the blades can be moved in a relatively very large area under elastic deformation of the insulation displacement contact relative to each other.

Die Geometrie von erfindungsgemäss ausgelegten Kontaktelementen ermöglicht auch, dass der Schneidklemmkontakt als Ganzer mit zweier zu entgegengesetzten Richtungen hin offener Schneidklemmöffnungen versehen oder als Doppelkontaktelement mit zwei an unterschiedlichen Orten ausgeformten Schneidklemmkontakt-Partien ausgestaltet wird.The geometry of contact elements designed according to the invention also makes it possible for the insulation displacement contact as a whole to be provided with two insulation displacement openings which are open in opposite directions or configured as a double contact element with two insulation displacement contact parts formed at different locations.

Bevorzugt ist der Schneidklemmkontakt so ausgeführt, dass ein durchgehender Leiter beschaltet werden kann, ohne dass er abgeknickt oder gar beschnitten werden müsste. Insbesondere soll ein zu beschaltender Leiter vorzugsweise vom Schneidklemmkontakt im Wesentlichen (unter Ausübung einer Kraft) nur durch die Kontaktklingen berührt werden, wodurch die Gabelpartien für ihre Funktion als elastische Federn optimiert ausgestaltet sein können.Preferably, the insulation displacement contact is designed so that a continuous conductor can be connected without it would have to be bent or even circumcised. In particular, a conductor to be connected preferably should be contacted by the insulation displacement contact essentially (by exerting a force) only by the contact blades, whereby the fork parts can be designed to be optimized for their function as elastic springs.

Gemäss einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist eine der beiden Gabelpartien um mehr als 90° abgewinkelt, während die andere um ungefähr 90° abgewinkelt ist. Die um mehr als 90° abgewinkelte, erste Gabelpartie entspricht dabei der ersten, an das proximale Ende der Schneidpartie anschliessenden Gabelpartie (d.h. der "oberen" Gabelpartie). In dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Beschalten eines durchgehenden Leiters möglich,: die Gabelstege der beiden Gabelpartien verlaufen beide "unterhalb" des Leiters.According to a particularly preferred embodiment, one of the two fork parts is angled by more than 90 °, while the other is angled at approximately 90 °. The first fork section angled by more than 90 ° corresponds to the first fork section (ie the "upper" fork section) adjoining the proximal end of the cutting section. In this preferred embodiment is the wiring of a continuous conductor possible, the fork webs of the two forked parts are both "below" the conductor.

In einer ersten Variante sind die erste und zweite Gabelpartie so zur Schneidpartie abgewinkelt, dass sie, bezogen auf eine Schneidpartie-Ebene, auf derselben Seite der Schneidpartie liegen. Diese Konfiguration ermöglicht, dass ohne zusätzlichen Platzbedarf die erste Gabelpartie nur um wenig mehr als 90° abgewinkelt sein muss - bspw. um 100-140°. Das bringt eine besonders vorteilhafte spannungsfreie Kräfteverteilung und erlaubt die Verwendung von in sich steifen Klingen. Die Konfiguration ist auch vorteilhaft in Bezug auf die Dimensionierung, können doch verhältnismässig grosse erste und zweite Gabeln verwendet werden, wobei der Schneidklemmkontakt als Ganzer bei zunehmender Gabelgrösse nur in eine Richtung grösser wird.In a first variant, the first and second forked parts are angled towards the cutting section so that they lie on the same side of the cutting section relative to a cutting section plane. This configuration allows the first fork section to be angled at just over 90 ° without additional space - for example, around 100-140 °. This brings a particularly advantageous stress-free distribution of forces and allows the use of inherently stiff blades. The configuration is also advantageous in terms of dimensioning, since relatively large first and second forks can be used, wherein the insulation displacement contact as a whole with increasing fork size only in one direction is greater.

In einer zweiten Variante liegen die erste und zweite Gabelpartie auf unterschiedlichen Seiten der Schneidpartie-Ebene. Diese Variante ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die erste Gabelpartie um 180° oder um andere vergleichsweise grosse Winkel - bspw. zwischen 150° und 190° abgewinkelt ist. Der Schneidklemmkontakt als Ganzer hat dann die Form eines Bügels mit bspw. ungefähr senkrecht abgewinkelter (zweiter) Gabel, wobei der Bügel von der ersten Gabel und der Schneidpartie gebildet wird. Das wiederum ist von Vorteil, wenn der Schneidklemmkontakt als Ganzer relativ klein ist: Die Kabelader kann durch einen über den Bügel zu stülpenden, nahe an die Klingen herankommenden Beschaltungsdeckel zwischen die Klingen gedrückt werden; es sind also für die Beschaltung keine Elemente erforderlich, die in den kleinen Spalt zwischen die Gabelholme eingreifen müssten, d.h. zwischen die Klingen kommt nur der Leiter zu liegen.In a second variant, the first and second forked portions lie on different sides of the cutting-board plane. This variant is particularly advantageous if the first fork part is angled at 180 ° or at other comparatively large angles, for example between 150 ° and 190 °. The insulation displacement contact as a whole then has the shape of a bracket with, for example, approximately vertically angled (second) fork, wherein the bracket is formed by the first fork and the cutting section. This in turn is advantageous when the insulation displacement contact as a whole is relatively small: the cable core can be pressed between the blades by means of a cable cover which can be pushed over the bracket and approaches the blades close to the blades; So there are no elements required for the wiring, which would have to intervene in the small gap between the fork legs, ie between the blades comes only the head to lie.

Wenn die erste Gabelpartie um grosse Winkel von ca. 180° abgewinkelt ist, wirkt beim Auseinanderdrücken der beiden Klingen auch ein Drehmoment auf diese ein. Daher wird in der zweiten Variante die Schneidpartie vorzugsweise als (drittes) Federelement ausgebildet. Das hat den zusätzlichen Vorteil, dass auch in der Schneidpartie potentielle Energie gespeichert werden kann und hierdurch zusätzlich einer plastischen Verformung des Schneidklemmkontaktes entgegengewirkt wird.If the first fork part is angled at large angles of about 180 °, when the two blades are pushed apart, a torque also acts on them. Therefore, in the second variant, the cutting section is preferably formed as a (third) spring element. This has the additional advantage that potential energy can also be stored in the cutting section and, in this way, additional plastic deformation of the insulation displacement contact is counteracted.

Der Schneidklemmkontakt ist metallisch und einstückig. Bevorzugt ist der erfindungsgemässe Schneidklemmkontakt als gestanztes, gebogenes Bauteil (Blech) gefertigt. Die Auslenkung der Kontaktklingen und die entsprechende gegen die Auslenkung wirkende Federkraft wirken dann in der Blechebene, und nicht senkrecht dazu. Das hat nebst Anderem den Vorteil, dass die massgebliche Federkonstante durch die Breite der Gabelholmpartien und Ausgestaltung des Gabelsteg-Bereiches fast beliebig gewählt werden kann, d.h. die Federkonstante ist nicht ausschliesslich von der Blechdicke abhängig sondern ein freier Parameter. Ausserdem kann auf bewährte und vergleichsweise kostengünstige Fertigungsverfahren zurückgegriffen werden.The insulation displacement contact is metallic and one-piece. Preferably, the insulation displacement contact according to the invention is produced as a stamped, bent component (sheet metal). The deflection of the contact blades and the corresponding force acting against the deflection spring force then act in the plane of the sheet, and not perpendicular thereto. This has, among other things, the advantage that the significant spring constant can be chosen almost arbitrarily by the width of the fork leg sections and design of the fork bridge area, i. the spring constant is not only dependent on the sheet thickness but a free parameter. In addition, proven and comparatively cost-effective production methods can be used.

Ebenfalls bevorzugt ist die Schneidpartie als Ganzes im Wesentlichen flach, d.h. zumindest die Schneidkanten und bspw. die ganze Schneidpartie verlaufen in einer Ebene und ohne Krümmungen.Also preferably, the cutting section as a whole is substantially flat, i. at least the cutting edges and, for example, the entire cutting section run in a plane and without bends.

Der Schneidklemmkontakt kann - insbesondere in Ausführungen zur Beschaltung von vergleichsweise dicken Leitern - in die proximale Richtung ragende Kontaktspitzen aufweisen, mit denen beim Beschalten die Isolation dickerer Kabeladern angestochen wird. Durch diese Massnahme wird ermöglicht, dass die zum Durchstossen der Isolation benötigten radialen Kräfte im Vergleich zum reinen Schneiden verringert werden, was besonders gut mit dem erfindungsgemässen Vorgehen zusammenpasst, wonach die Elastizität im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik tendenziell vergrössert wird.The insulation displacement contact can have - in particular in embodiments for the wiring of comparatively thick conductors - in the proximal direction projecting contact tips with which the insulation of thicker cable cores is pierced when wiring. This measure makes it possible to reduce the radial forces required for penetrating the insulation in comparison to pure cutting, which is particularly well suited to the invention Approach measures, according to which the elasticity tends to be increased compared to the prior art.

Ausserdem können - bei jeder Ausführungsform - die Kontaktklingen im Einführungsbereich zur Erhöhung der Schneidwirkung angeprägt sein.In addition, in each embodiment, the contact blades may be stamped in the lead-in area to increase the cutting action.

Eine Kontaktierungsvorrichtung der erfindungsgemässen Art weist eine Mehrzahl von erfindungsgemässen Schneidklemmkontakten auf, die in und/oder an einem Gehäuse angeordnet sind. Die Schneidklemmkontakte dienen entweder direkt der Kontaktierung eines weiteren Elements (Kabelader einer abgezweigten Leitung oder Kontakt einer Vorrichtung, etc.), indem sie auch einen Buchsen- oder Steckerkontakt bilden (mit Buchsen- oder Steckerkontakt sind auch entsprechende Verteilerleisten-Kontakte mitgemeint), oder sie sind im Gehäuse durch einen Buchsen- oder Steckerkontakt kontaktiert bzw. kontaktierbar; das Gehäuse muss nicht einteilig sein und kann vorsehen, dass eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen Schneidklemmkontakten und Kabeladern einerseits und/oder zwischen Schneidklemmkontakten und Buchsen- oder Steckerkontakten andererseits durch das Zusammenbringen von Gehäuseteilen hergestellt wird.A contacting device of the inventive type has a plurality of inventive insulation displacement contacts, which are arranged in and / or on a housing. The insulation displacement contacts serve either directly contacting another element (cable core of a branched line or contact a device, etc.) by also forming a socket or plug contact (with socket or plug contact are also called corresponding distributor strip contacts), or they are contacted or contacted in the housing by a female or male contact; the housing does not have to be one-piece and can provide that an electrical connection between insulation displacement contacts and cable cores on the one hand and / or between insulation displacement contacts and socket or plug contacts on the other hand by the assembly of housing parts is made.

Im Folgenden werden bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung anhand von Figuren näher beschrieben. In den Figuren bezeichnen gleiche Bezugsziffern gleiche oder analoge Elemente. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine Ansicht eines erfindungsgemässen Schneidklemmkontakts;
  • Figur 2 eine Draufsicht auf die Abwicklung eines Schneidklemmkontakts gemäss Figur 1 (d.h. auf den Schneidklemmkontakt in einer flachen Form, wie er während des Herstellungsprozesses vor dem Biegen auch als Halbfabrikat vorliegt);
  • Figur 3 die Beschaltung eines Leiters mit kleinem Durchmesser;
  • Figur 4 die Beschaltung eines Leiters mit grösserem Durchmesser;
  • Figur 5 die Beschaltung eines Leiters unter Verwendung einer Variante des Schneidklemmkontakts gemäss Figur 1 mit gestuftem Kontaktbereich;
  • Figur 6 eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Variante eines Schneidklemmkontakts mit einer Schneide zum Kabelablängen;
  • Figur 7 einen schematischen Graphen, der die Federkraft in Funktion des Einführweges der Kabelader darstellt;
  • Figur 8 eine Skizze, die den Krümmungsverlauf der inneren Kontur einer Gabel eines erfindungsgemässen Schneidklemmkontakts illustriert;
  • Figur 9 eine Skizze, die Kriterien für das Design des IDC aufzeigt;
  • Figur 10 eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemässen Kontaktierungsvorrichtung;
  • Figuren 11 und 12 je eine Ansicht eines weiteren erfindungsgemässen Schneidklemmkontakts, der speziell für Mehrfach-Verteilerleisten geeignet ist;
  • Figuren 13 und 14 je eine Ansicht eines weiteren erfindungsgemässen Schneidklemmkontakts; und
  • Figur 15 eine Draufsicht auf die Abwicklung eines Schneidklemmkontakts gemäss Figuren 13 und 14 ohne die Buchsenkontaktpartie.
In the following, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to figures. In the figures, like reference numerals designate like or analogous elements. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 a view of an inventive insulation displacement contact;
  • FIG. 2 a plan view of the settlement of a insulation displacement contact according FIG. 1 (ie on the insulation displacement contact in a flat shape, as it is during the manufacturing process before bending also as a semi-finished product);
  • FIG. 3 the wiring of a conductor with a small diameter;
  • FIG. 4 the wiring of a conductor with a larger diameter;
  • FIG. 5 the wiring of a conductor using a variant of the insulation displacement contact according to FIG. 1 with stepped contact area;
  • FIG. 6 a plan view of another variant of a insulation displacement contact with a cutting edge for Kabelablängen;
  • FIG. 7 a schematic graph illustrating the spring force as a function of the insertion of the cable core;
  • FIG. 8 a sketch illustrating the curvature of the inner contour of a fork of an inventive insulation displacement contact;
  • FIG. 9 a sketch showing criteria for the design of the IDC;
  • FIG. 10 a schematic representation of a contact device according to the invention;
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 in each case a view of a further insulation displacement contact according to the invention, which is especially suitable for multiple distribution strips;
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 each a view of another inventive insulation displacement contact; and
  • FIG. 15 a plan view of the settlement of a insulation displacement contact according FIGS. 13 and 14 without the socket contact part.

Die Darstellungen der Figuren 2 und 15 entsprechen den in den Figuren 1 bzw. 13/14 gezeigten Schneidklemmkontakten in einer Ausführung in einer flachen Form, wie sie bspw. als Halbfabrikate vor dem Biegen in die gewünschte 3D-Form vorliegen; in den Figuren 2 und 15 sind jeweils auch die Abwinkelungslinien (in der Realität sind es Bereiche in einer Umgebung dieser Linien) dargestellt, die den Übergang zwischen der Schneidpartie einerseits und den Gabelpartien andererseits definieren.The representations of the Figures 2 and 15 correspond to those in the FIGS. 1 or 13/14 insulation displacement contacts shown in an embodiment in a flat shape, as they are, for example, as semi-finished products before bending into the desired 3D shape; in the Figures 2 and 15 are also each the bending lines (in reality, there are areas in an environment of these lines), which define the transition between the cutting part on the one hand and the fork parts on the other.

Der in Figuren 1-4 dargestellte Schneidklemmkontakt 1 weist eine Schneidpartie 3 mit zwei Klingen 3.1, 3.2 auf. In einem Bereich der Klingen sind gegeneinander ragende Schneiden 3.3, 3.4 zum Durchschneiden einer Isolierung 7.2 eines Leiters 7.1 ausgebildet. Als "Klingen" werden in diesem Text die die Schneidpartie bildenden Elemente auf ihrer ganzen Länge bezeichnet, also nicht nur in dem Bereich, in welchem die Schneiden vorhanden sind.The in Figures 1-4 illustrated insulation displacement contact 1 has a cutting section 3 with two blades 3.1, 3.2. In a region of the blades, mutually projecting cutting edges 3.3, 3.4 are formed for cutting an insulation 7.2 of a conductor 7.1. In this text, "blades" are the elements forming the cutting part along their entire length, that is to say not only in the region in which the cutting edges are present.

Eine erste Gabel 4 mit zwei Gabelholmen 4.1, 4.2 schliesst auf der proximalen Seite (in denjenigen Figuren, die wie beispielsweise Figuren 1, 3 und 4 eine 3D-Ansicht zeigen, entspricht die proximale Seite der Schneidpartie der Oberseite, die distale Seite der Unterseite; die Kabeladern werden als "von oben" eingerührt) an die Schneidpartie 3 an. Auf der distalen Seite geht die Schneidpartie in die zweite Gabel 5 mit ebenfalls zwei Gabelholmen 5.1, 5.2 über. Die von der ersten Gabel 4 gebildete erste Gabelpartie ist um einen Winkel von mehr als 90° - hier ca. 115° - gegenüber der Schneidpartie abgewinkelt. Ein Endbereich 4.4 der ersten Gabelpartie ist aus Platzgründen leicht von einem Gabelpartie-Hauptbereich abgebogen. Die von der zweiten Gabel 5 gebildete zweite Gabelpartie weist einen Winkel von ca. 90° zur Schneidpartie auf. Diese Anordnung ermöglicht die Beschaltung eines durchgehenden, nicht abgeknickten Leiters, was nachstehend anhand von Figur 10 noch deutlicher illustriert wird.A first fork 4 with two fork legs 4.1, 4.2 closes on the proximal side (in those figures, such as FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 show a 3D view, the proximal side of the cutting section corresponds to the top, the distal Side of the bottom; the cable cores are inserted as "from above" to the cutting section 3. On the distal side of the cutting section goes into the second fork 5 with also two fork legs 5.1, 5.2 on. The first fork portion formed by the first fork 4 is angled at an angle of more than 90 ° - here about 115 ° - relative to the cutting section. An end portion 4.4 of the first fork portion is slightly bent for reasons of space of a fork main part. The second fork section formed by the second fork 5 has an angle of approximately 90 ° to the cutting section. This arrangement allows the wiring of a continuous, not bent conductor, which will be described below with reference to FIG. 10 even more clearly illustrated.

In der gezeichneten Ausführungsform schliesst die zweite Gabelpartie noch eine Buchsenkontaktpartie 6 an, die auf geeignete, an die geometrische Situation in der Kontaktierungsvorrichtung angepasste Weise geformt ist, so dass ein Steckerkontakt eines Steckers einen zuverlässigen elektrischen Kontakt herstellen kann.In the illustrated embodiment, the second fork part also includes a female contact part 6, which is formed on suitable, adapted to the geometric situation in the contacting device manner, so that a plug contact of a plug can make a reliable electrical contact.

Beim Einführen einer Kabelader 7 (Leiter 7.1 mit Isolierung 7.2) werden die beiden Klingen 3.1, 3.2 auseinandergedrückt. Wie das in Figur 3 durch Doppelpfeile schematisch dargestellt ist, wirkt diesem Auseinanderdrücken von vier Punkten her eine elastische Gegenkraft F1,2 entgegen, die durch die Gabelholme der ersten und zweiten Gabel ausgeübt wird. Diese elastische Gegenkraft resultiert daher, dass die Gabeln 4, 5 in ihrer jeweiligen Ebene elastisch verformt werden, indem die Gabelholme auseinandergedrückt werden.When inserting a cable core 7 (conductor 7.1 with insulation 7.2), the two blades 3.1, 3.2 pressed apart. Like that in FIG. 3 schematically represented by double arrows, this pushing apart from four points counteracts an elastic counterforce F 1.2 , which is exerted by the fork legs of the first and second fork. This elastic counterforce results from the fact that the forks 4, 5 are elastically deformed in their respective plane by the fork struts are pressed apart.

In der dargestellten Ausführungsform weist jede der beiden Klingen 3.1, 3.2 noch je eine Kontaktspitze 3.5, 3.6 auf. Wie man in Figur 4 sieht, können diese Kontaktspitzen beim Beschalten dickerer Kabeladern 7 die Isolation anstechen und in deren inneres eindringen. Das bringt die positive Wirkung mit sich, dass die radial (in Bezug auf die Kabelader) durch den Schneidklemmkontakt auszuübende Kraft und mithin die maximale Auslenkung der Klingen gegeneinander beim Beschaltungsvorgang reduziert werden können: es muss quasi höchstens der innere Teil der Isolierung mittels einer radialen Schneidbewegung durchstossen werden. Diese Massnahme bewirkt also, dass der Bereich von möglichen, reversibel beschaltbaren Dicken noch vergrössert wird.In the illustrated embodiment, each of the two blades 3.1, 3.2 each have a contact tip 3.5, 3.6. How to get in FIG. 4 sees, these contact tips when wiring thicker cable wires 7 pierce the insulation and penetrate into their inner. That brings with it the positive effect that the radial (With respect to the cable core) force to be exerted by the insulation displacement contact and thus the maximum deflection of the blades against each other during the Beschaltungsvorgang can be: it is quasi at most the inner part of the insulation to be pierced by means of a radial cutting movement. This measure therefore causes the range of possible, reversibly connectable thicknesses to be increased.

Die in Figur 5 dargestellte Variante des Schneidklemmkontakts unterscheidet sich vom Schneidklemmkontakt gemäss Figur 1 dadurch, dass die Schneiden gestuft, also in einer oberen, proximalen Partie weiter voneinander beabstandet sind als in einer unteren Partie. Dadurch kann der Bereich von möglichen handhabbaren Kabeladerdicken noch weiter erweitert werden: dünne Kabel werden nach ganz unten geschoben, während dickere Kabel im oberen Bereich verbleiben.In the FIG. 5 illustrated variant of the insulation displacement contact is different from the insulation displacement contact according to FIG. 1 in that the cutters are stepped farther apart, ie in an upper proximal part, than in a lower part. This further extends the range of manageable cable thicknesses: thin cables are pushed all the way down, while thicker cables stay in the upper area.

Die Variante gemäss Figur 6 besitzt noch das Merkmal, dass zusätzlich eine Ablängklinge 8 zum Ablängen der Kabelader 7 vorhanden ist; diese Variante ist vorteilhaft im Zusammenhang mit der Verwendung von nicht durchgehenden Kabeln. An der Buchsenkontaktpartie 6 (in anderen Ausführungsformen kann es auch eine Steckerkontaktpartie sein) können auch Elemente für noch weitere Funktionen vorhanden sein, bspw. Lötpins, Federn etc.The variant according to FIG. 6 still has the feature that in addition a Ablängklinge 8 for cutting the cable core 7 is present; this variant is advantageous in connection with the use of non-continuous cables. At the socket contact part 6 (in other embodiments, it may also be a plug contact part) may also be present elements for even more functions, for example. Soldering pins, springs, etc.

In Figur 7 ist durch die Ausgezogene Linie schematisch die auf den Leiter durch die Klingen ausgeübte Kraft F in Funktion des Einschiebeweges s der Kabelader dargestellt, wobei von einem Schneidklemmkontakt der in Figuren 1-4 dargestellten Art ausgegangen wird. Aufgrund der im proximalen Bereich abgeschrägten Form der Klingen werden die Klingen zunächst stetig auseinadergeschoben, was aufgrund des Hookeschen Gesetzes einen analogen, bspw. linearen Anstieg der Kraft zur Folge hat. Sobald sich der Leiter im Bereich befindet, in dem die Schneiden der Klingen parallel zueinander sind und die Isolation an der Kontaktstelle zum IDC durchtrennt ist, bleibt die Kraft F jedoch konstant, da beim weiteren Einschieben die beiden Gabeln nicht weiter deformiert werden.In FIG. 7 is shown by the solid line schematically the force exerted on the conductor by the blades force F as a function of the insertion path s of the cable core, of an insulation displacement contact of the in Figures 1-4 is assumed kind. Due to the beveled shape of the blades in the proximal region, the blades are first disengaged steadily, which due to the Hooke's law an analog, for example. Linear increase in force result. Once the ladder is in the area where the cutting edges of the blades are parallel to each other and the insulation is severed at the contact point to the IDC, the force F remains constant, however, as further insertion the two forks are not deformed further.

Dies unterscheidet den Schneidklemmkontakt gemäss der Erfindung markant von üblichen Schneidklemmkontakten (V-Technologie), deren Schneidklemmkontakte sich in der Art einer Schere, zwischen deren Klingen ein Gegenstand eingeschoben wird, in Funktion des Einschiebeweges immer weiter öffnet. Ein entsprechender Kraftverlauf bei einer Schneide gemäss dem Stand der Technik ist in Figur 7 schematisch durch die gepunktete Linie dargestellt: die Kraft nimmt in Funktion des Einschiebeweges stetig zu. Im Bereich des Scheitelpunktes des Stand-der-Technik-Schneidklemmkontaktes werden daher auch schon bei einem üblichen Leiterquerschnitt Kräfte jenseits des elastischen Bereichs auftreten, und es wird sehr rasch und unvermeidlich auch plastische Deformationen geben. Eine - in der Praxis natürlich fliessende und ausserdem von der geometrischen Auslegung der Schneidklemmkontakte abhängende - Grenze zwischen elastischer (reversibel) und plastischer (irreversibel) Verformung wird in Figur 7 durch eine gestrichelte Linie illustriert.This distinguishes the insulation displacement contact according to the invention significantly from conventional insulation displacement contacts (V-technology), the insulation displacement contacts in the manner of a pair of scissors, between the blades of an object is inserted, in function of the insertion path continues to open. A corresponding force curve in a cutting edge according to the prior art is in FIG. 7 schematically represented by the dotted line: the force increases steadily in function of the insertion path. In the area of the vertex of the state-of-the-art insulation displacement contact, therefore, forces beyond the elastic range will occur even in the case of a conventional conductor cross-section, and plastic deformation will also occur very rapidly and unavoidably. A limit between elastic (reversible) and plastic (irreversible) deformation - in practice of course flowing and also dependent on the geometrical design of the insulation displacement contacts - is in FIG. 7 illustrated by a dashed line.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen von erfindungsgemässen Schneidklemmkontakten sind ausserdem durch weitere Mittel optimiert, die auf möglichst kleinem Raum einen möglichst grossen elastischen Federbereich der Gabeln ermöglichen. So sind wie in Figur 8 dargestellt die Gabeln vorzugsweise verschieden von der im Stand der Technik realisierten Form mit im Bereich des Scheitelpunktes runder innerer Konturlinie und daran anschliessenden parallelen Gabelholmen konstanten Durchmessers. Insbesondere wird mindestens im Bereich des Scheitelpunktes die Krümmung vorzugsweise nicht konstant sein, sondern in Funktion des Abstandes vom Scheitelpunkt abnehmen.Preferred embodiments of inventive insulation displacement contacts are also optimized by further means that allow the smallest possible space as large as possible elastic spring range of the forks. So are like in FIG. 8 For example, the forks are shown differently from the shape realized in the prior art with a round inner contour line in the region of the vertex and adjoining parallel fork bars of constant diameter. In particular, at least in the region of the vertex, the curvature will preferably not be constant, but decrease as a function of the distance from the vertex.

Dies äussert sich unter anderem darin, dass folgendes Kriterium erfüllt ist. Wenn im Scheitelpunkt ein Krümmungskreis (in der Figur 8 gepunktet) eingepasst wird und im, radial im Bezug auf den Krümmungskreis mit Radius rS,i im Scheitelpunkt (d.h. in x-Richtung in Figuren 8 und 9) gemessenen, Abstand vom Scheitelpunkt Tangenten (bzw. Tangentialebenen; 31.1, 31.2) an die inneren Konturlinie gelegt werden, ist der Winkel zwischen den Tangenten von Null verschieden. Er beträgt bspw. mindestens 10° oder mindestens 30°, im gezeichneten Beispiel etwas mehr als 60°, und vorzugsweise maximal ca. 100°.One of the reasons for this is that the following criterion is met. If at the apex a circle of curvature (in the FIG. 8 dotted) and im, radially with respect to the circle of curvature of radius r s, i at the apex (ie in the x direction in FIG FIGS. 8 and 9 ), distance from the vertex tangents (or tangent planes, 31.1, 31.2) are placed on the inner contour line, the angle between the tangents is different from zero. It is, for example, at least 10 ° or at least 30 °, in the example shown, a little more than 60 °, and preferably at most about 100 °.

Analoge Überlegungen können auch für die äussere Konturlinie gelten, wobei für die äussere Konturlinie insbesondere vorteilhaft ist, wenn sie von einer Form abweicht, die durch drei Seiten eines Rechtecks mit abgerundeten Ecken dazwischen angenähert werden kann.Analogous considerations can also apply to the outer contour line, wherein it is particularly advantageous for the outer contour line if it deviates from a shape which can be approximated by three sides of a rectangle with rounded corners therebetween.

Ausserdem ist in Figur 8 sichtbar, dass die Breite der Gabelholme in Funktion des Abstands zum Scheitelpunkt - d.h. in Funktion der x-Koordinate in Figur 8, abnimmt.Moreover, in FIG. 8 visible that the width of the fork legs in function of the distance to the vertex - ie in function of the x-coordinate in FIG. 8 , decreases.

Figur 9 zeigt weitere Kriterien für die innere Kürummungslinie 21.1 und die äussere Krümmungslinie 21.2, die einer Optimierung des elastischen Federbereichs der Gabeln auf möglichst kleinem Raum einen möglichst grossen entsprechen. Durch den Scheitelpunkt der inneren Krümmungslinie 21.1 und der äusseren Krümmunglinie 21.2 werden jeweils fiktive Ebenen 41 bzw. 42 gelegt, die in einem Winkel von 45° zur Symmetriebene 40 (und senkrecht zur Bildebene) angeordnet sind. FIG. 9 shows further criteria for the inner curl line 21.1 and the outer curvature line 21.2, which correspond to the largest possible optimization of the elastic spring range of the forks in the smallest possible space. By the vertex of the inner curve line 21.1 and the outer curve line 21.2 fictitious planes 41 and 42 are respectively placed, which are arranged at an angle of 45 ° to the symmetry plane 40 (and perpendicular to the image plane).

Der Abstand m zwischen dem Schnittpunkt der fiktiven Ebene 41 durch den inneren Scheitelpunkt mit der inneren Konturlinie 21.1 einerseits und der Symmetrieebene 40 andererseits entspricht bei klassischen Lösungen dem halben Abstand d/2 der beiden Gabelholme an der breitesten Stelle. Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist m kleiner als dieser Wert, bspw. um mindestens d/12, besonders bevorzugt um mindestens d/8, so dass gilt m ≤ 3d/8. Dieses Kritererium bedeutet auch, der Maximalabstand der inneren Konturlinie von der Symmetrieebene nicht schon in der Nähe des Scheitelpunkts eingenommen wird, sondern davon entfernt.The distance m between the point of intersection of the fictitious plane 41 through the inner vertex with the inner contour line 21.1 on the one hand and the plane of symmetry 40 on the other hand corresponds in classic solutions half the distance d / 2 of the two fork spars at the widest point. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, m is smaller than this value, for example by at least d / 12 , more preferably by at least d / 8 , so that m ≦ 3 d / 8. This criterion also means that the maximum distance of the inner contour line from the plane of symmetry is not already taken in the vicinity of the apex, but away from it.

Eine realistische Untergrenze für den Wert m liegt bspw. bei d/12, besonders bevorzugt bei mindestens d/8.A realistic lower limit for the value m is, for example, at d / 12, particularly preferably at least d / 8.

Auch für den Abstand n zwischen dem Schnittpunkt der fiktiven Ebene 42 durch den äusseren Scheitelpunkt mit der äusseren Konturlinie 21.2 einerseits und der Symmetrieebene 40 gibt es - unabhängig davon - ein Kriterium. Bei der "klassischen" Lösung beträgt dieser p/2, wobei p/2 der Maximalabstand der äusseren Konturlinie von der Symmetrieebene ist. Gemäss der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist n jedoch kleiner, als p/2, besonders bevorzugt ist n nicht grösser als 7p/16. Als Untergrenze für n kann bspw. der Wert p/4 angenommen werden.Also for the distance n between the point of intersection of the fictitious plane 42 through the outer vertex with the outer contour line 21.2 on the one hand and the plane of symmetry 40 there is - regardless of - a criterion. In the "classical" solution this is p / 2, where p / 2 is the maximum distance of the outer contour line from the plane of symmetry. However, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, n is smaller than p / 2, more preferably n is not larger than 7 p / 16. As a lower limit for n , for example, the value p / 4 can be assumed.

In einer Abwicklung des Schneidklemmkontaktes werden die Ebenen 41, 42 durch entsprechende Geraden 41, 42 ersetzt, die in einem Winkel von 45° zur Tangente 43 bzw. 44 an den entsprechenden Scheitelpunkt stehen, wobei der Abstand zum Schnittpunkt dann von der Senkrechte 40 auf die Tangente 43 bzw. 44 durch den Scheitelpunkt gemessen wird; diese Definition ist auch gültig für nicht symmetrisch ausgestaltete Schneidklemmkontakte.In a development of the insulation displacement contact, the planes 41, 42 are replaced by corresponding straight lines 41, 42 which are at an angle of 45 ° to the tangent 43 and 44 at the corresponding vertex, the distance to the intersection then from the vertical 40 on the Tangent 43 or 44 is measured by the vertex; This definition is also valid for not symmetrically designed insulation displacement contacts.

Figur 10 zeigt schematisch eine Kontaktierungsvorrichtung mit einem Schneidklemmkontakt 1 der vorstehend beschriebenen Art. In Figur 10 sieht man auch, dass aufgrund der gewählten Winkel zwischen der Schneidpartie 3 einerseits und den Gabelpartien 4, 5 andererseits eine durchgehende Kabelader 7 beschaltet werden kann. FIG. 10 schematically shows a contacting device with a insulation displacement contact 1 of the type described above FIG. 10 It can also be seen that due to the selected angle between the cutting section 3 on the one hand and the fork sections 4, 5 on the other hand, a continuous cable core 7 can be connected.

Nebst einer Mehrzahl von Schneidklemmkontakten 1 weist die Vorrichtung ein Gehäuse 12 auf. Das Gehäuse ist so ausgebildet, dass Steckerkontakte 13 eines Steckers 14 so ins Gehäuseinnere ragen können, dass die Buchsenkontaktbereiche 6 der Schneidklemmkontakte 1 kontaktiert werden können.In addition to a plurality of insulation displacement contacts 1, the device has a housing 12. The housing is designed such that plug contacts 13 of a plug 14 can protrude into the housing interior such that the socket contact regions 6 of the insulation displacement contacts 1 can be contacted.

Wege zur Ausgestaltung von Gehäusen solcher Kontaktierungsvorrichtungen 11 sowie Leiter-Führungsmitteln (Führungsstegen etc.), und Beschaltungs-Hilfsmitteln (bspw. verschwenkbaren oder translatorisch verschiebbaren Beschaltugnsdeckeln etc.) sind in Fachkreisen an sich bekannt, und es wird hier nicht weiter im Detail darauf eingegangen. Selbstverständlich sind auch Ausführungsformen denkbar, in welchen die Schneidklemmkontakte in bzw. an einem verschwenkbaren oder verschiebbaren Element angeordnet sind und beim Beschalten relativ zu den ortsfest gehaltenen Kabeladern verschoben werden.Paths for the design of housings of such contacting devices 11 as well as conductor guiding means (guide webs etc.), and wiring aids (eg pivotable or translationally displaceable Beschaltugnsdeckeln etc.) are known per se in the art, and it will not be discussed in detail here , Of course, embodiments are also conceivable, in which the insulation displacement contacts are arranged in or on a pivotable or displaceable element and are displaced during the wiring relative to the stationarily held cable cores.

Der Schneidklemmkontakt 1 gemäss den Figuren 11 und 12 unterscheidet sich von demjenigen der Figuren 1 bis 4 dadurch, dass er bspw. speziell für eine Mehrfachsteckdosen-Steckerleiste als Kontaktierungsvorrichtung ausgebildet ist. Im Buchsenkontaktbereich 6 sind mehrere Buchsenkontaktlöcher 6.1-6.4 ausgebildet, in die jeweils ein hier zylindrischer Steckerkontakt eingeschoben werden kann. Die Schlitze im Bereich der Buchsenkontaktlöcher dienen der notwendigen Elastizität für den Fall, dass die Steckerkontakte in sich steif sind. In einer Steckerleiste werden zwei oder drei, oder je nach Steckernorm auch mehr, Schneidklemmkontakte der in Figuren 10 und 11 dargestellten Art vorhanden sein, wobei die Anordnung so sein kann, dass die einander entsprechenden Buchsenkontaktlöcher 6.1-6.4 der verschiedenen Schneidklemmkontakte eine einem gängigen Steckertypus entsprechende Anordnung bilden.The insulation displacement contact 1 according to the FIGS. 11 and 12 is different from the one of FIGS. 1 to 4 in that it is designed, for example, specifically for a multiple socket connector strip as a contacting device. In the female contact area 6 more socket contact holes 6.1-6.4 are formed, in each of which a cylindrical plug contact can be inserted here. The slots in the area of the socket contact holes provide the necessary elasticity in the event that the plug contacts are stiff in itself. In a connector strip are two or three, or more depending on the connector standard, insulation displacement contacts in FIGS. 10 and 11 be shown, the arrangement may be such that the corresponding socket contact holes 6.1-6.4 of the various insulation displacement contacts form a corresponding plug type a corresponding arrangement.

Anstelle von Buchsenkontaktlöchern oder zusätzlich zu diesen sind auch andere Anschlussmittel denkbar, bspw. Lötösen oder -punkte, Piercing-Spitzen etc.Instead of socket contact holes or in addition to these other connection means are conceivable, for example. Lötösen or points, piercing tips, etc.

Der Schneidklemmkontakt gemäss Figuren 13-15 unterscheidet sich von demjenigen der Figuren 1-4 unter anderem darin, dass die erste und die zweite Gabel auf verschiedene Seiten der durch die Schneidpartie definierte Ebene abgewinkelt sind. Dadurch kann, wie dies in Figuren 13 und 14 auch sichtbar ist, die zweite Gabelpartie um ungefähr 180° abgewinkelt sein, so dass die Schneidpartie 3 und die zweite Gabelpartie 5 zusammen einen Bügel mit zwei Bügelholmen bilden, zwischen welche eine Kabelader mit dem zu beschaltenden Leiter eingeschoben werden muss. Dies kann mit Hilfe eines Beschaltungsdeckels bewerkstelligt werden, der bspw. über den Bügel gestülpt werden kann. Die Form des Schneidklemmkontakts gemäss Figuren 13-15 ist daher speziell auch für die Ausgestaltung als vergleichsweise kleiner Schneidklemmkontakt geeignet, so zum Beispiel zur Beschaltung von Datenleitungen. Insbesondere kann eine erfindungsgemässe Kontaktierungsvorrichtung als Stecker oder Buchse einer Datenleitung, bspw. als RJ-45-Stecker- oder -Buchse ausgestaltet sein.The insulation displacement contact according FIGS. 13-15 is different from the one of Figures 1-4 among other things in that the first and the second fork are angled on different sides of the plane defined by the cutting section. This can, as in FIGS. 13 and 14 is also visible, the second fork portion to be angled by about 180 °, so that the cutting section 3 and the second fork section 5 together form a bracket with two strap spars, between which a cable core has to be inserted with the conductor to be wired. This can be done with the help of a wiring cover, which can be, for example, slipped over the bracket. The shape of the insulation displacement contact according to FIGS. 13-15 is therefore particularly suitable for the design as a comparatively small insulation displacement contact, so for example for the connection of data lines. In particular, a contacting device according to the invention can be designed as a plug or socket of a data line, for example as an RJ-45 plug or socket.

Eine weitere Besonderheit des Schneidklemmkontaktes gemäss Figuren 13 bis 15 äussert sich in den Einbuchtungen 3.8, die in der Schneidpartie sichtbar sind. Aufgrund dieser Einbuchtungen wirken die Klingen 3.1, 3.2 gleichzeitig als Federelemente, zusätzlich zu den Gabeln. Sie können daher zur Elastizität des Schneidklemmkontaktes als ganzem beitragen und ausserdem Torsionskräfte aufnehmen die durch die Verwinkelung der beiden Gabeln 4, 5 relativ zueinander bewirkt werden.Another special feature of the insulation displacement contact according FIGS. 13 to 15 is expressed in the recesses 3.8, which are visible in the cutting section. Due to these indentations act the blades 3.1, 3.2 at the same time as spring elements, in addition to the forks. They can therefore contribute to the elasticity of the insulation displacement contact as a whole and also torsional forces which are caused by the Verwinkelung of the two forks 4, 5 relative to each other.

Claims (15)

  1. Insulation displacement contact (1) for interconnecting a cable wire (7), having two contact blades (3.1, 3.2), between which a conductor (7.1) encompassed by an insulation (7.2), of the cable wire can be introduced by being shifted relative to the insulation displacement contact in an interconnection direction in the direction of a distal end of a cutting part (3), as a result of which the contact blades cut into the insulation and make contact with the conductor, wherein
    - the insulation displacement contact has a first fork part (4) and a second fork part (5), wherein the cutting part (3) has the contact blades (3.1, 3.2), and the contact blades are separated from one another continuously in the region of the cutting part,
    - and wherein the first fork part and the second fork part are each bent back with respect to the cutting part,
    characterized in that the first fork part has a first fork (4) and the second fork part has a second fork (5), such that ends of fork legs (4.1, 4.2) of the first fork adjoin a proximal end of the cutting part, and the first fork imparts an elastic spring force to a movement of the contact blades away from one another at the proximal end, and ends of the fork legs (5.1, 5.2) of the second fork adjoin a distal end of the cutting part, and the second fork imparts an elastic spring force (F1, F2) to a movement of the contact blades away from one another at the distal end, and in that spring constants of the elastic force exerted by the first fork (4) at the proximal end of the cutting part (3) and of the elastic force exerted by the second fork (5) at the distal end of the cutting part differ from one another by at most a factor of 3.
  2. Insulation displacement contact according to Claim 1, characterized in that the spring constants of the elastic force exerted by the first fork (4) at the proximal end of the cutting part (3) and of the elastic force exerted by the second fork (5) at the distal end of the cutting part differ from one another by at most a factor of 2, preferably by at most a factor of 1.5.
  3. Insulation displacement contact according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fork legs (4.1, 4.2; 5.1, 5.2) of the first and/or the second fork each run non-parallel to one another.
  4. Insulation displacement contact according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it holds true for the first fork (4) and/or the second fork (5) that, in a development of the insulation displacement contact, a distance m between the point of intersection of a straight line (41), which straight line (41) is at an angle of 45° with respect to the tangent at the apex, with the inner contour line (21.1), on one side, and with the perpendicular to said tangent on the other side, is m ≤ 3d/8, wherein d is the distance between points of the inner contour line at the location of the greatest distance between the fork legs.
  5. Insulation displacement contact according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it holds true for the first fork (4) and/or the second fork (5) that, in a development of the insulation displacement contact, a distance n between the point of intersection of a straight line (42), which is at an angle of 45° with respect to the tangent at the apex, with the outer contour line (21.2), on one side, and the perpendicular to said tangent, on the other side, is: p/4≤n<p/2, where p is the distance between points on the outer contour line at the location of the greatest distance between the fork legs.
  6. Insulation displacement contact according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second fork parts (4, 5) are bent back with respect to the cutting part (3) in such a way that they lie on the same side of the cutting part in relation to a cutting part plane.
  7. Insulation displacement contact according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first and second fork parts (4, 5) are bent back with respect to the cutting part (3) in such a way that they lie on different sides of the cutting part in relation to a cutting part plane.
  8. Insulation displacement contact according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cutting part (3) forms an additional spring element with respect to the first fork part (4) and with respect to the second fork part (5).
  9. Insulation displacement contact according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first fork part is bent back with respect to the cutting part by more than 90°, and in that the second fork part is bent back with respect to the cutting part by approximately 90°, with the result that a straight, continuous cable wire can be interconnected.
  10. Insulation displacement contact according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the contact blades (3.1, 3.2) has in each case one contact tip (3.5, 3.6) protruding into the proximal direction for piercing a cable insulation (7.2) of the cable wire (7) to be interconnected.
  11. Insulation displacement contact according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a clamping force between the contact blades (3.1, 3.2) is approximately independent of a position of the cable wire (7) with respect to the interconnection direction.
  12. Insulation displacement contact according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, during interconnection of the conductor (7.1), the contact blades (3.1, 3.2) are shifted approximately parallel to one another such that the distance between the contact blades in a proximal position and in a distal position is approximately independent of a position of the cable wire (7) in an interconnection direction.
  13. Insulation displacement contact according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact blades (3.1, 3.2) have stepped cutters for receiving cables of different diameters.
  14. Insulation displacement contact according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that elements for further functions, such as, for example, soldering pin, contact springs, cutter knives or connections, are integrally formed on at least one fork.
  15. Contact-making apparatus (11), having a housing (12), guide means for guiding a plurality of cable wires and a plurality of female-connector or male-connector contacts held by the housing, characterized by a plurality of insulation displacement contacts (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the female-connector or male-connector contacts are in electrical contact with in each case one of the insulation displacement contacts, or can be brought into electrical contact therewith, or wherein the female-connector or male-connector contacts are formed by in each case one of the insulation displacement contacts.
EP09405111.7A 2008-07-11 2009-07-08 Insulation displacement contact and contacting device Active EP2144331B1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
EP2144331A1 (en) 2010-01-13
AU2009202687A1 (en) 2010-01-28
US7857655B2 (en) 2010-12-28
US20100009567A1 (en) 2010-01-14
JP2010021143A (en) 2010-01-28
CH699105A1 (en) 2010-01-15
CN101630778A (en) 2010-01-20
ES2479416T3 (en) 2014-07-24
SG158807A1 (en) 2010-02-26

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