EP2138791A1 - Dichtungselement für einen Industrieofen - Google Patents

Dichtungselement für einen Industrieofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2138791A1
EP2138791A1 EP08164699A EP08164699A EP2138791A1 EP 2138791 A1 EP2138791 A1 EP 2138791A1 EP 08164699 A EP08164699 A EP 08164699A EP 08164699 A EP08164699 A EP 08164699A EP 2138791 A1 EP2138791 A1 EP 2138791A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lining element
pores
lining
layer
industrial furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08164699A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rudiger Eichler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AGA AB
Original Assignee
AGA AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AGA AB filed Critical AGA AB
Publication of EP2138791A1 publication Critical patent/EP2138791A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
    • F27D1/1678—Increasing the durability of linings; Means for protecting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/04—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs characterised by the form, e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F27D1/06—Composite bricks or blocks, e.g. panels, modules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/04—Blast furnaces with special refractories
    • C21B7/06—Linings for furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/02—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0033—Linings or walls comprising heat shields, e.g. heat shieldsd
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/10—Monolithic linings; Supports therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
    • F23M2900/05004—Special materials for walls or lining

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refractory lining for use in an industrial furnace, a method for the manufacturing of such a lining and the use of such a lining during operation in an industrial furnace.
  • the heated space in industrial furnaces is normally lined with a refractory material, for example in the form of brick or cast elements.
  • a refractory material for example in the form of brick or cast elements.
  • thermal shock For example, this is the case in so called oxyfuel and DFI (Direct Flame Impingement) applications, especially during DFI heating of metal strips.
  • the lining is exposed to extremely rapid heating, because of the high power of the industrial furnace. Cooling of the lining may also be extremely rapid, for example since the furnace is fed with comparatively cold metal material.
  • the present invention solves the above described problems.
  • the invention relates to a lining element for an industrial furnace, comprising a first layer of a first refractory material, and is characterised in that the surface of the lining element which is intended to be arranged inwards, facing the heated volume of the furnace, at least partially is coated with a second layer of a second refractory material, where the second material is porous.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a part of a lining according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the form of a lining element 1 for mounting inside the heated volume of an industrial furnace. Suitable areas of use for such a lining element 1 are together with other elements as a part of a ceiling-, flooring-, or wall covering inside a furnace.
  • the lining 1 comprises a first, lower layer 2, manufactured from a refractory material, and according to a preferred embodiment solid.
  • the lower layer 2 has an insulating and supporting effect, and also adds to the strength of the element 1.
  • Suitable materials for the lower layer are such fusible materials that have high heat resistance, for example ceramic materials such as aluminium-, zirconium-, or silicon oxides.
  • the lower layer 2 is coated with an upper layer 3.
  • the upper layer 3 is manufactured from a refractory material, preferably from a ceramic material such as Al 2 O 3 .
  • the upper layer 3 may, but needs not, be manufactured from the same material as the lower layer 2.
  • the upper layer 3 which is arranged facing in towards the heated volume of the furnace, is porous.
  • the upper layer 3 has a structure with a plurality of elongated pores 3a, in the form of essentially parallel tubes.
  • the pores 3a together with the walls 3b between the pores, constitute a honeycomb structure.
  • the material of the upper layer 3 forms a honeycomb structure perpendicularly to the pore direction if observed in cross-section. This is illustrated in Figure 3 , which shows the honeycomb structure as seen from above.
  • the average inner diameter of the pores 3a is between 0.5 and 3 mm, and that their average mutual distance is between 0.5 and 5 mm.
  • essentially all pores 3a have the same form and dimensions, and are homogeneously distributed across the surface of the lower layer 2 that is coated with the upper layer 3.
  • the pores 3a extend essentially vertically to the surface of the lining element 1 facing in towards the heated volume of the furnace. Moreover, the pores 3a are open out towards this surface, and therefore also out towards the heated volume of the furnace. The pore ends facing away from the heated volume of the furnace are, on the other hand, clogged by the material of the lower layer 2, since the porous upper layer 3 is partly lowered into the lower layer 2, see below.
  • FIG 2 is illustrated, in a way corresponding to that of Figure 1 , a lining element 11 according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the lining element 11 comprises, in a way similar to what has been described above in connection with Figure 1 , a lower layer 12, which suitably has the corresponding properties as those described above in connection to the lower layer 2.
  • the upper layer 13 is furthermore porous, and comprises elongated, parallel pores 13a, which are separated by walls 13b.
  • the pores 13a in the upper layer 13 run essentially parallel to the surface of the lining element 11.
  • the upper layer 3, 13 is between 1 and 5 cm thick.
  • the porous, upper layer 3, 13 cover the surface of the lower layer 2, 12, which surface during operation faces in towards the furnace space, completely or essentially completely.
  • the upper layer 3, 13 covers the main part of the surface of the lower layer 2, 12.
  • the upper layer 3, 13 covers the surface of the lower layer 2, 12 merely in patches.
  • the spots 4b, 14b covered by the upper layer 3, 13 form a regular pattern on the surface of the lower layer 2, 12.
  • the upper, porous layer 3, 13 may be arranged on the lower layer 2, 12 in the form of quadratic or rectangular units arranged next to, at a distance from and separated from each other.
  • each module 4b, 14b has a maximum diameter perpendicularly to the surface of the element 1 of between about 5 and 10 cm.
  • the modules 4b, 14b are in the form of quadratic units with dimensions 5 x 5 cm or 10 x 10 cm.
  • the width of the spaces 4a, 14a is essentially smaller than the surface dimensions of the modules 4b, 14b.
  • a lining element 1, 11 according to the present invention also may comprise other layers, except the lower 2, 12 and the upper 3, 13 layers, as long as the outermost layer, facing in towards the heated volume of the furnace, is comprised of the upper, porous layer 3, 13.
  • a lining element 1, 11 according to the present invention is manufactured by, in a first step, casting the lower layer 2, 12 to the desired thickness.
  • the lower layer is cast to such a thickness so that the final total thickness of the element, including the upper layer 3, 13 and any additional layers, becomes between about 30 and 50 cm.
  • the upper layer 3, 13 is formed by modules 4b, 14b of porous material, which are lowered some distance down into the not yet solidified, molten material forming the lower layer 2, 12.
  • the porous material is lowered down into the molten material to such a depth so that it partly protrudes above the surface of the molten material, preferably between 5 and 10 cm.
  • the molten material is allowed to solidify.
  • the modules 4b, 14b of porous material are also fixed in the lower layer 2, 12, and, as a consequence, they will also form the upper layer 3, 13.
  • the lin-ingelement 1, 11, thus formed may be of the type essentially illustrated in Figure 1 , having perpendicular pore direction, or of the type essentially illustrated in Figure 2 , with parallel pore direction. It is realised that other types of pore geometries also may be used.
  • the modules 4b, 14b of porous material are lowered down into the molten material to form a regularly recurring pattern with spaces 4a, 14a between the modules 4b, 14b, in accordance to what has been described above.
  • the lining elements 1, 11 of the invention may advantageously be used as building elements and/or insulation in an industrial furnace. It is especially preferred to use elements of the invention in furnaces driven by one or several DFI burners and/or with one or several oxyfuel burners, since the lining in such furnaces in many applications are exposed to very heavy thermal shocks during operation.
  • An especially suitable area of use for lining elements 1, 11 according to the invention is in furnaces for continuous DFI heating of metal strips, where the metal strip continuously is conveyed through the furnace and past one or several DFI burners. Lining elements being arranged near such a DFI burner are exposed to very heavy thermal shocks during operation.
  • each element will resist thermal shock better than conventional lining elements. This will lead to decreased needs for maintenance and replacements of lining elements, in turn leading to decreased costs and better up-time of the industrial furnace. Moreover, the problems of contamination of torn loose fibres from lining materials containing fibres are avoided.
  • An additional advantage is that the pores in the upper layer allow for a lower total weight for each lining element, which lessens the total weight for the lining.
  • pores may be used in the porous material of the upper layer 3, 13, such as isolated or completely or partially connected bubbles filled with gas, such as air or a per se known, inert gas.
  • the pores may be elongated but have other pore directions than those illustrated in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , respectively.
  • the pores may have varying directions of extension and/or be combined with bubbles. To this end, it is essential that the pores occupy a substantial part of the total volume of the upper layer in order to achieve the advantages of the present invention.
  • Examples of other useful pore structures are foam or sponge structures.
  • An alternative process of manufacturing lining elements according to the present invention is to, in the above described second step, instead of lowering down modules of porous material, lower down a plurality of hollow tubes in to the molten material.
  • the tubes may be of a suitable, refractory material, whereby the upper layer may be finished when the tubes have been allowed to fix in the molten material as this has solidified in the third step.
  • additional refractory material may be cast, in a separate, fourth step, around the tubes fixed in the cast material, so that the upper, porous material thereby is formed.
  • the upper layer 3, 13 is arranged to merely cover the surface of the lower layer 2, 12 in patches, in accordance with what has been described above. This may take place in a per se conventional manner.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
EP08164699A 2008-06-26 2008-09-19 Dichtungselement für einen Industrieofen Withdrawn EP2138791A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0801515A SE0801515A0 (sv) 2008-06-26 2008-06-26 Infodring av industriugn

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2138791A1 true EP2138791A1 (de) 2009-12-30

Family

ID=40090048

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08164699A Withdrawn EP2138791A1 (de) 2008-06-26 2008-09-19 Dichtungselement für einen Industrieofen

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2138791A1 (de)
SE (1) SE0801515A0 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017139900A1 (en) * 2016-02-18 2017-08-24 Hatch Ltd. Wear resistant composite material, its application in cooling elements for a metallurgical furnace, and method of manufacturing same
CN108613555A (zh) * 2013-12-20 2018-10-02 魁北克9282-3087公司（加钛顾问公司） 用于冶炼矿物的冶金炉和改装现有的耐火层的方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE78634C (de) * I. H. SPOERL, Düsseldorf Handfräsevorrichtung zur Herstellung von Keilnuthen und Langlöchern
EP1312882A2 (de) * 2001-11-14 2003-05-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Verfahren zur Befestigung von feuerfester Struktur als Schutz für Wasserrohre
DE102004063813A1 (de) * 2004-12-30 2006-07-13 Saint-Gobain Industriekeramik Düsseldorf Gmbh Hitzeschutzkörper für ein Schutzsystem für eine Ofeninnenwand

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE78634C (de) * I. H. SPOERL, Düsseldorf Handfräsevorrichtung zur Herstellung von Keilnuthen und Langlöchern
EP1312882A2 (de) * 2001-11-14 2003-05-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Verfahren zur Befestigung von feuerfester Struktur als Schutz für Wasserrohre
DE102004063813A1 (de) * 2004-12-30 2006-07-13 Saint-Gobain Industriekeramik Düsseldorf Gmbh Hitzeschutzkörper für ein Schutzsystem für eine Ofeninnenwand

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108613555A (zh) * 2013-12-20 2018-10-02 魁北克9282-3087公司（加钛顾问公司） 用于冶炼矿物的冶金炉和改装现有的耐火层的方法
WO2017139900A1 (en) * 2016-02-18 2017-08-24 Hatch Ltd. Wear resistant composite material, its application in cooling elements for a metallurgical furnace, and method of manufacturing same
US10527352B2 (en) 2016-02-18 2020-01-07 Hatch Ltd. Wear resistant composite material, its application in cooling elements for a metallurgical furnace, and method of manufacturing same

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Publication number Publication date
SE0801515L (sv) 2009-12-27
SE0801515A0 (sv) 2009-12-27

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