EP2137052A2 - Aerodynamic device for automobile, the device including a membrane used both as actuator and sensor - Google Patents

Aerodynamic device for automobile, the device including a membrane used both as actuator and sensor

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Publication number
EP2137052A2
EP2137052A2 EP08788078A EP08788078A EP2137052A2 EP 2137052 A2 EP2137052 A2 EP 2137052A2 EP 08788078 A EP08788078 A EP 08788078A EP 08788078 A EP08788078 A EP 08788078A EP 2137052 A2 EP2137052 A2 EP 2137052A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
actuator
sensor
motor vehicle
aerodynamic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08788078A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Quentin Gallas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renault SAS
Original Assignee
Renault SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renault SAS filed Critical Renault SAS
Publication of EP2137052A2 publication Critical patent/EP2137052A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D35/00—Vehicle bodies characterised by streamlining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D37/00—Stabilising vehicle bodies without controlling suspension arrangements
    • B62D37/02—Stabilising vehicle bodies without controlling suspension arrangements by aerodynamic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
    • F15D1/009—Influencing flow of fluids by means of vortex rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
    • F15D1/10—Influencing flow of fluids around bodies of solid material
    • F15D1/12—Influencing flow of fluids around bodies of solid material by influencing the boundary layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
    • H10N30/20—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators
    • H10N30/204—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators using bending displacement, e.g. unimorph, bimorph or multimorph cantilever or membrane benders
    • H10N30/2047—Membrane type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aerodynamic device for a motor vehicle adapted to be integrated into a bodywork element of the vehicle, the device comprising an outer panel delimiting an orifice and a chamber whose volume is variable and at least one membrane set in motion by reaction of the vehicle. a material of the membrane at the application of a voltage.
  • the actuator operates on the principle of the synthetic jet. It is an electromechanical system that sucks and blows alternately air through the oscillating motion of a membrane. It thus autonomously generates small vortex structures which, when the system is installed in series on a motor vehicle upstream of an air separation, inject momentum into the near wall and act favorably on the vehicle. the structure of the wake. This results in a reduction of the transverse surface of the wake and a reorganization of the dynamic structures of the wake, which results in a significant reduction of the aerodynamic drag of the vehicle and a reduction of the rear lift.
  • the invention relates to an aerodynamic device for a motor vehicle that overcomes these disadvantages.
  • the membrane serves both as an actuator and a sensor. With this feature it is not necessary to provide separate sensors, each membrane can operate in either an actuator mode or a sensor mode, as needed.
  • the membrane is a piezoelectric membrane. It may also be an electroactive polymer membrane or a membrane of shape memory material.
  • the device comprises a first electronics which, in actuator mode, applies a voltage across the piezoelectric membrane and an electronic second which, in sensor mode, receives an electric current generated by the piezoelectric membrane.
  • the aerodynamic device 1 of the invention comprises a controller in which is introduced a desired output reference value, the controller delivering a control signal to at least one actuator, said actuator delivering an output signal to a system into which the disturbances are introduced, the system delivering an actual output signal and a signal loopback return to at least one detector, this detector delivering a feedback signal which is reintroduced in a closed loop in the controller.
  • a noise measurement is further provided to the detector.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the piezoelectric membrane-based synthetic jet in actuator mode and in sensor mode;
  • FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c are three figures which illustrate the activation principle and the principle of the sensor mode of the piezoelectric membranes;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram of a closed loop used to control aerodynamic flow with synthetic jets.
  • the reference 2 denotes a variable volume that comprises a rigid wall 4 pierced by an orifice 6.
  • the orifice 6 may be a slot, be circular, or have another shape.
  • a metal membrane 8 on which is bonded a piezoelectric ceramic 10.
  • the membrane may also be facing or perpendicular to the outlet orifice.
  • an alternating electric voltage can be applied across the piezoelectric ceramic.
  • the membrane is actuated via an AC voltage, its periodic bending movements 14 create an air jet 16 through the opening 6.
  • the air jet 16 is composed of vortex structures 18. On one cycle, the total mass displaced air is zero, but the velocity of the produced air jet 16 makes it possible to control an external flow 22.
  • This device can also work in sensor mode.
  • the operation is as follows.
  • the conditions of the external air flow to be controlled 22 generate a resultant pressure inside the cavity 2.
  • This pressure induces a mechanical force on the surface of the metal membrane 8 which is transmitted to the piezo ceramic. 10.
  • the piezoelectric material transforms this mechanical energy into electrical energy.
  • An electrical signal is picked up by adequate electronics (not shown).
  • adequate electronics not shown.
  • the use of adequate sensors is therefore necessary, which requires the integration of additional components into the overall system.
  • piezoelectric membranes lies in the fact that they ensure: simultaneously the oscillation function of a wall of the cavity and the sensor function of the operating state of the device; - a linear operating regime up to high frequencies (around 1 kHz) and in a wide range of temperatures; minimal energy consumption compared to other types of transducers; a fast response time of the order of a millisecond (ms),
  • FIGS. 2a to 2c show three different states of the piezoelectric ceramic.
  • FIG. 2a which represents the initial state
  • the attention V ac is equal to zero.
  • an AC voltage is applied across the piezoelectric ceramic. This voltage induces a radial and transverse displacement of the metal membrane 8.
  • FIG. 2c illustrates how the piezoelectric membrane senses the operating state of the device. Under the action of a resulting pressure inside the cavity 2, the metal membrane 8 undergoes a mechanical stress which is transferred to the piezoelectric material 10. This generates a voltage equivalent to the force applied on its surface.
  • FIG. 3 shows a typical diagram of a closed-loop control system using actuators and sensors for controlling the synthetic jets.
  • the loop comprises a controller 30 into which a desired output reference value is introduced. This value is for example an aerodynamic coefficient value.
  • the controller 30 delivers a control signal 32 to an actuator 34.
  • the actuator is constituted, as previously exposed, for example by a piezoelectric ceramic and by a metal membrane to which the piezoelectric ceramic is glued. , this assembly operating in actuator mode.
  • the actuator acts on the system 36, that is to say on the grazing air flow.
  • the outside air is successively sucked and expelled through an orifice or slot and produces small vortex structures that inject momentum into the wall and act favorably on the wake structure.
  • the disturbances 37 are also introduced into the system 36.
  • the arrow 38 represents the actual output of the system, that is to say, for example the aerodynamic coefficient as it results from its reduction by the actuators 34.
  • At least one detector 40 is placed in the return loop 42.
  • the movements of the metal membrane 8 generate an electric current which is picked up by electronics.
  • the measurement noise 41 is also introduced into the sensor 40.
  • the return signal of the detector 40 is looped into the controller 30 in which it is compared to the desired output value so as to generate, if necessary, a corrective action on the control signal 32.
  • system of the invention has been described in application to a motor vehicle it goes without saying that it can find application in other areas. It could for example be used in aeronautics for flow control on aircraft wings to improve lift in the take-off or landing phases. Similarly, it could be used to improve the orientation and / or mixing of a flow (application in injection systems in engines, application in the ventilation of automotive seats, application of cooling of electronic components).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for an automobile, the device including a membrane used both as an actuator and a sensor. The device is to be integrated in a member of the vehicle bodywork. It comprises an outer wall (4) defining an opening (6), a chamber (2) having a variable volume, and at least one membrane (8) capable of being moved by a reaction of the material of which the membrane (10) is made to the application of an electric voltage. The membrane (8, 10) is used both as an actuator and a sensor.

Description

DISPOSITIF AERODYNAMIQUE DE VEHICULE AUTOMOBILE COMPORTANT UNE MEMBRANE QUI SERT A LA FOIS D ΑCTIONNEUR AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE AERODYNAMIC DEVICE COMPRISING A MEMBRANE WHICH IS AT BOTH AN ACTUATOR
ET DE CAPTEUR.AND SENSOR.
DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION
L'invention concerne un dispositif aérodynamique de véhicule automobile adapté a être intégré dans un élément de carrosserie du véhicule, le dispositif comportant un panneau externe délimitant un orifice et une chambre dont le volume est variable et au moins une membrane mise en mouvement par réaction d'un matériau de la membrane à l'application d'une tension électrique.The invention relates to an aerodynamic device for a motor vehicle adapted to be integrated into a bodywork element of the vehicle, the device comprising an outer panel delimiting an orifice and a chamber whose volume is variable and at least one membrane set in motion by reaction of the vehicle. a material of the membrane at the application of a voltage.
On connaît déjà (EP 1 544 089) des dispositifs de ce type. Dans un tel dispositif, l'actionneur fonctionne sur le principe du jet synthétique. Il s'agit d'un système électromécanique qui aspire et souffle alternativement de l'air par le mouvement oscillant d'une membrane. Il génère ainsi, de manière autonome, des structures tourbillonnaires de petites tailles qui, quand le système est implanté en série sur un véhicule automobile en amont d'un décollement d'air, injectent de la quantité de mouvement en proche paroi et agissent favorablement sur la structure du sillage. On obtient une réduction de la surface transversale du sillage et une réorganisation des structures dynamiques du sillage, ce qui se traduit par un réduction significative de la traînée aérodynamique du véhicule et par une réduction de la portance arrière. Afin d'asservir le fonctionnement de l'actionneur à l'état du système (l'écoulement rasant sur la carrosserie du véhicule) il est nécessaire d'utiliser des capteurs qui informent un contrôleur de l'état du système. Il en résulte une augmentation du nombre de pièces constitutives du système de contrôle en boucle fermée et par conséquent une augmentation de la complexité et du coût de ce système.Devices of this type are already known (EP 1 544 089). In such a device, the actuator operates on the principle of the synthetic jet. It is an electromechanical system that sucks and blows alternately air through the oscillating motion of a membrane. It thus autonomously generates small vortex structures which, when the system is installed in series on a motor vehicle upstream of an air separation, inject momentum into the near wall and act favorably on the vehicle. the structure of the wake. This results in a reduction of the transverse surface of the wake and a reorganization of the dynamic structures of the wake, which results in a significant reduction of the aerodynamic drag of the vehicle and a reduction of the rear lift. In order to enslave the operation of the actuator to the state of the system (the flowing flow on the body of the vehicle) it is necessary to use sensors that inform a controller of the state of the system. This results in an increase in the number of components of the closed loop control system and therefore an increase in the complexity and cost of this system.
L'invention a pour objet un dispositif aérodynamique de véhicule automobile qui remédie à ces inconvénients .The invention relates to an aerodynamic device for a motor vehicle that overcomes these disadvantages.
Ces buts sont atteints, conformément à la présente invention par le fait que la membrane sert à la fois d'actionneur et de capteur. Grâce à cette caractéristique il n'est pas nécessaire de prévoir des capteurs séparés, chaque membrane pouvant fonctionner soit dans un mode d'actionneur, soit dans un mode de capteur, en fonction des besoins. De préférence, la membrane est une membrane piézo-électrique . Il peut s'agir également d'une membrane en polymère électro-actif ou d'une membrane en matériau à mémoire de forme.These objects are achieved in accordance with the present invention in that the membrane serves both as an actuator and a sensor. With this feature it is not necessary to provide separate sensors, each membrane can operate in either an actuator mode or a sensor mode, as needed. Preferably, the membrane is a piezoelectric membrane. It may also be an electroactive polymer membrane or a membrane of shape memory material.
De préférence encore, le dispositif comporte une première électronique qui, en mode actionneur, applique une tension aux bornes de la membrane piézo-électrique et une seconde électronique qui, en mode capteur, reçoit un courant électrique généré par la membrane piézo-électrique. Dans un mode de réalisation particulier le dispositif aérodynamique de 1 ' invention comprend un contrôleur dans lequel est introduite une valeur de référence de sortie désirée, le contrôleur délivrant un signal de commande à au moins un actionneur, ledit actionneur délivrant un signal de sortie à un système dans lequel sont introduites les perturbations, le système délivrant un signal de sortie réelle et un signal de retour en boucle à au moins un détecteur, ce détecteur délivrant un signal de retour qui est réintroduit en boucle fermée dans le contrôleur. Avantageusement une mesure de bruit est en outre fournie au détecteur.More preferably, the device comprises a first electronics which, in actuator mode, applies a voltage across the piezoelectric membrane and an electronic second which, in sensor mode, receives an electric current generated by the piezoelectric membrane. In a particular embodiment the aerodynamic device 1 of the invention comprises a controller in which is introduced a desired output reference value, the controller delivering a control signal to at least one actuator, said actuator delivering an output signal to a system into which the disturbances are introduced, the system delivering an actual output signal and a signal loopback return to at least one detector, this detector delivering a feedback signal which is reintroduced in a closed loop in the controller. Advantageously, a noise measurement is further provided to the detector.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de 1 ' invention apparaîtront encore à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un exemple de réalisation donné à titre illustratif en référence aux figures annexées. Sur ces figures :Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent upon reading the following description of an exemplary embodiment given by way of illustration with reference to the appended figures. In these figures:
- la figure 1 est un schéma de principe du jet synthétique à base de membrane piézoélectrique en mode actionneur et en mode capteur ; - les figures 2a, 2b, 2c sont trois figures qui illustrent le principe d'activation et le principe du mode capteur des membranes piézo-électriques ;FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the piezoelectric membrane-based synthetic jet in actuator mode and in sensor mode; FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c are three figures which illustrate the activation principle and the principle of the sensor mode of the piezoelectric membranes;
- la figure 3 est un schéma d'une boucle fermée utilisée pour contrôler l'écoulement aérodynamique avec des jets synthétiques.FIG. 3 is a diagram of a closed loop used to control aerodynamic flow with synthetic jets.
Sur la figure 1, la référence 2 désigne un volume variable qui comporte une paroi rigide 4 percée par un orifice 6. L'orifice 6 peut être une fente, être circulaire, ou présenter une autre forme. A l'opposé de la paroi rigide 4, on trouve une membrane métallique 8 sur laquelle est collée une céramique piézo-électrique 10. La membrane peut également être en vis-à-vis ou perpendiculaire à l'orifice de sortie. Comme schématisée en 12, une tension électrique alternative peut être appliquée aux bornes de la céramique piézo- électrique. Lorsque la membrane est actionnée via une tension alternative, ses mouvements périodiques de flexion 14 créent un jet d'air 16 à travers l'ouverture 6. Le jet d'air 16 est composé de structures tourbillonnaires 18. Sur un cycle, la masse totale d'air déplacée est nulle mais la vitesse 20 du jet 16 d'air produit permet de contrôler un écoulement extérieur 22.In FIG. 1, the reference 2 denotes a variable volume that comprises a rigid wall 4 pierced by an orifice 6. The orifice 6 may be a slot, be circular, or have another shape. Opposite the rigid wall 4, there is a metal membrane 8 on which is bonded a piezoelectric ceramic 10. The membrane may also be facing or perpendicular to the outlet orifice. As diagrammed at 12, an alternating electric voltage can be applied across the piezoelectric ceramic. When the membrane is actuated via an AC voltage, its periodic bending movements 14 create an air jet 16 through the opening 6. The air jet 16 is composed of vortex structures 18. On one cycle, the total mass displaced air is zero, but the velocity of the produced air jet 16 makes it possible to control an external flow 22.
Ce dispositif peut fonctionner également en mode capteur. Le fonctionnement est le suivant. Les conditions de l'écoulement d'air externe à contrôler 22 génèrent une pression résultante à l'intérieur de la cavité 2. Cette pression induit en retour une force mécanique sur la surface de la membrane métallique 8 qui est transmise à la céramique piézo-électrique 10. Le matériau piézo-électrique transforme cette énergie mécanique en énergie électrique. Un signal électrique est capté par une électronique adéquate (non représentée) . Pour une intégration sur un véhicule automobile, il est nécessaire de connaître l'état de fonctionnement de ces actionneurs implantés en série en fin de pavillon arrière, ainsi que de savoir à quel moment déclencher le contrôle et sur quelle partie du pavillon (actionneur situé sur la gauche, sur la droite, au milieu, ou une combinaison de plusieurs de ces actionneurs) afin de contrôler le véhicule en roulage type autoroute, en phase transitoire ou en cas de vent latéral. L'utilisation de capteurs adéquats est donc nécessaire, ce qui demande une intégration de composants supplémentaires dans le système global.This device can also work in sensor mode. The operation is as follows. The conditions of the external air flow to be controlled 22 generate a resultant pressure inside the cavity 2. This pressure induces a mechanical force on the surface of the metal membrane 8 which is transmitted to the piezo ceramic. 10. The piezoelectric material transforms this mechanical energy into electrical energy. An electrical signal is picked up by adequate electronics (not shown). For integration on a motor vehicle, it is necessary to know the operating status of these actuators installed in series at the end of the rear horn, as well as to know when to trigger the control and on which part of the flag (actuator located on the left, on the right, in the middle, or a combination of several of these actuators) in order to control the vehicle in highway-type running, in transitional phase or in case lateral wind. The use of adequate sensors is therefore necessary, which requires the integration of additional components into the overall system.
L'avantage de l'utilisation de membranes piézo-électrique réside dans le fait qu'elles assurent : simultanément la fonction de mise en oscillation d'une paroi de la cavité et la fonction de capteur de l'état de fonctionnement du dispositif ; - un régime linéaire de fonctionnement jusque dans les hautes fréquences (autour de 1 kHz) et dans une large gamme de températures ; une consommation d'énergie minimale comparée aux autres types de transducteurs ; - un temps de réponse rapide de l'ordre de une milliseconde (ms) ,The advantage of the use of piezoelectric membranes lies in the fact that they ensure: simultaneously the oscillation function of a wall of the cavity and the sensor function of the operating state of the device; - a linear operating regime up to high frequencies (around 1 kHz) and in a wide range of temperatures; minimal energy consumption compared to other types of transducers; a fast response time of the order of a millisecond (ms),
- un très faible poids ;- a very light weight;
- un faible coût de production.- a low cost of production.
On a représenté sur les figures 2a à 2c trois états différents de la céramique piézoélectrique. Sur la figure 2a, qui représente l'état initial l'attention Vac est égal à zéro. En conséquence, ni la membrane métallique 8 ni la céramique piézo-électrique ne sont soumises à des contraintes. Sur la figure 2b une tension alternative est appliquée aux bornes de la céramique piézoélectrique. Cette tension induit un déplacement radial et transversal de la membrane métallique 8. Lorsque la membrane métallique sur laquelle la céramique est collée est parfaitement encastrée, ce déplacement se traduit par une flexion périodique de l'ensemble. Réciproquement, on a illustré sur la figure 2c la façon dont la membrane piézo-électrique capte l'état de fonctionnement du dispositif. Sous l'action d'une pression résultante à l'intérieur de la cavité 2, la membrane métallique 8 subit une contrainte mécanique qui est transférée au matériau piézoélectrique 10. Ceci génère une tension équivalente à la force appliquée sur sa surface.FIGS. 2a to 2c show three different states of the piezoelectric ceramic. In FIG. 2a, which represents the initial state, the attention V ac is equal to zero. As a result, neither the metal membrane 8 nor the piezoelectric ceramic are subjected to stresses. In Figure 2b an AC voltage is applied across the piezoelectric ceramic. This voltage induces a radial and transverse displacement of the metal membrane 8. When the metal membrane on which the ceramic is glued is perfectly embedded, this displacement results in a periodic bending of the assembly. Conversely, FIG. 2c illustrates how the piezoelectric membrane senses the operating state of the device. Under the action of a resulting pressure inside the cavity 2, the metal membrane 8 undergoes a mechanical stress which is transferred to the piezoelectric material 10. This generates a voltage equivalent to the force applied on its surface.
On a représenté sur la figure 3 un schéma typique d'un système de contrôle en boucle fermée utilisant des actionneurs et des capteurs pour le pilotage des jets synthétiques. La boucle comporte un contrôleur 30 dans lequel est introduit une valeur de référence de sortie désirée. Cette valeur est par exemple une valeur de coefficient aérodynamique. Le contrôleur 30 délivre un signal de commande 32 à un actionneur 34. L'actionneur est constitué, comme on l'a exposé antérieurement, par exemple par une céramique piézo-électrique et par une membrane métallique à laquelle la céramique piézo-électrique est collée, cet ensemble fonctionnant en mode actionneur. L'actionneur agit sur le système 36, c'est-à-dire sur l'écoulement rasant de l'air. L'air extérieur est successivement aspiré et expulsé à travers un orifice ou une fente et produit des structures tourbillonnaires de petites tailles qui injectent de la quantité de mouvement en proche paroi et agissent favorablement sur la structure du sillage. Les perturbations 37 sont également introduites dans le système 36. On a représenté par la flèche 38 la sortie réelle du système c'est-à-dire, par exemple le coefficient aérodynamique tel qu'il résulte de sa réduction par les actionneurs 34.FIG. 3 shows a typical diagram of a closed-loop control system using actuators and sensors for controlling the synthetic jets. The loop comprises a controller 30 into which a desired output reference value is introduced. This value is for example an aerodynamic coefficient value. The controller 30 delivers a control signal 32 to an actuator 34. The actuator is constituted, as previously exposed, for example by a piezoelectric ceramic and by a metal membrane to which the piezoelectric ceramic is glued. , this assembly operating in actuator mode. The actuator acts on the system 36, that is to say on the grazing air flow. The outside air is successively sucked and expelled through an orifice or slot and produces small vortex structures that inject momentum into the wall and act favorably on the wake structure. The disturbances 37 are also introduced into the system 36. The arrow 38 represents the actual output of the system, that is to say, for example the aerodynamic coefficient as it results from its reduction by the actuators 34.
Au moins un détecteur 40 est placé dans la boucle de retour 42. En d'autres termes, les mouvements de la membrane métallique 8 génèrent un courant électrique qui est capté par une électronique. Le bruit de mesure 41 est également introduit dans le capteur 40.At least one detector 40 is placed in the return loop 42. In other words, the movements of the metal membrane 8 generate an electric current which is picked up by electronics. The measurement noise 41 is also introduced into the sensor 40.
Le signal de retour du détecteur 40 est introduit en boucle dans le contrôleur 30 dans lequel il est comparé à la valeur désirée de sortie afin d'engendrer, si nécessaire, une action correctrice sur le signal de commande 32.The return signal of the detector 40 is looped into the controller 30 in which it is compared to the desired output value so as to generate, if necessary, a corrective action on the control signal 32.
Bien que le système de l'invention ait été décrit en application à un véhicule automobile il va de soi qu'il peut trouver à s'appliquer dans d'autres domaines. Il pourrait par exemple être utilisé dans l'aéronautique pour le contrôle d'écoulement sur des ailes d'avion pour en améliorer la portance dans les phases de décollage ou d'atterrissage. De même, il pourrait être utilisé pour améliorer l'orientation et/ou le mélange d'un écoulement (application dans les systèmes d'injection dans les moteurs, application dans la ventilation de sièges automobiles, application de refroidissement de composants électroniques) . Although the system of the invention has been described in application to a motor vehicle it goes without saying that it can find application in other areas. It could for example be used in aeronautics for flow control on aircraft wings to improve lift in the take-off or landing phases. Similarly, it could be used to improve the orientation and / or mixing of a flow (application in injection systems in engines, application in the ventilation of automotive seats, application of cooling of electronic components).

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1) Dispositif aérodynamique de véhicule automobile adapté à être intégré dans un élément de carrosserie du véhicule, le dispositif comportant un panneau externe (4) délimitant un orifice (6), une chambre (2) dont le volume est variable et au moins une membrane (8) mise en mouvement par réaction d'un matériau de la membrane (10) à l'application d'une tension électrique, caractérisé en ce que la membrane1) Aerodynamic device for a motor vehicle adapted to be integrated into a bodywork element of the vehicle, the device comprising an outer panel (4) delimiting an orifice (6), a chamber (2) whose volume is variable and at least one membrane (8) set in motion by reaction of a material of the membrane (10) with the application of a voltage, characterized in that the membrane
(8, 10) sert à la fois d'actionneur et de capteur.(8, 10) serves as both actuator and sensor.
2) Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la membrane est une membrane piézo-électrique (10)2) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the membrane is a piezoelectric membrane (10)
3) Dispositif selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une première électronique qui, en mode actionneur, applique une tension Vac aux bornes de la membranes piézo-électrique et en ce qu'il comporte une seconde électronique qui, en mode capteur, reçoit un courant électrique Vac généré par la membrane piézo-électrique.3) Device according to claim 2 characterized in that it comprises a first electronics which, in actuator mode, applies a voltage V ac to the terminals of the piezoelectric membrane and in that it comprises an electronic second which, in mode sensor, receives an electric current V ac generated by the piezoelectric membrane.
4) Dispositif aérodynamique de véhicule automobile caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un contrôleur (30) dans lequel est introduite une valeur de référence de sortie désirée, le contrôleur 30 délivrant un signal de commande (32) à au moins un actionneur (34), ledit actionneur (34) délivrant un signal de sortie à un système (36) , le système délivrant un signal de sortie réelle (38) et un signal de retour en boucle (42) à au moins un détecteur (40), ce détecteur (40) délivrant un signal de retour qui est réintroduit en boucle fermée dans le contrôleur (30).4) Aerodynamic device for a motor vehicle characterized in that it comprises a controller (30) in which a desired output reference value is introduced, the controller 30 delivering a control signal (32) to at least one actuator (34) , said actuator (34) delivering an output signal to a system (36), the system providing a real output signal (38) and a loopback signal (42) to at least one detector (40), said detector (40) providing a feedback signal which is reintroduced in a closed loop in the controller (30) .
5) Dispositif aérodynamique de véhicule automobile caractérisé en ce que des perturbations (37) agissant également sur le système.5) aerodynamic device for a motor vehicle characterized in that disturbances (37) also acting on the system.
6) Dispositif aérodynamique de véhicule automobile, caractérisé en ce qu'une mesure de bruit (41) est en outre fournie au détecteur (40) . 6) aerodynamic device for a motor vehicle, characterized in that a noise measurement (41) is further provided to the detector (40).
EP08788078A 2007-04-19 2008-03-28 Aerodynamic device for automobile, the device including a membrane used both as actuator and sensor Withdrawn EP2137052A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0754573A FR2915169B1 (en) 2007-04-19 2007-04-19 AERODYNAMIC DEVICE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE COMPRISING A MEMBRANE WHICH IS AT THE SAME OF ACTUATOR AND SENSOR.
PCT/FR2008/050552 WO2008135696A2 (en) 2007-04-19 2008-03-28 Aerodynamic device for automobile, the device including a membrane used both as actuator and sensor

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EP2137052A2 true EP2137052A2 (en) 2009-12-30

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FR (1) FR2915169B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008135696A2 (en)

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FR2915169B1 (en) 2009-05-29
FR2915169A1 (en) 2008-10-24
WO2008135696A3 (en) 2009-01-22

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