EP2132445A1

EP2132445A1 - Radial turbine and method for operating a radial turbine

Info

Publication number: EP2132445A1
Application number: EP08718330A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Bernhard Radermacher; Walter Winkelströter; Lars Buchholz; Christof Soest; Rudolf Bahnen
Original assignee: Gebr Becker GmbH
Current assignee: Gebr Becker GmbH
Priority date: 2007-03-30
Filing date: 2008-03-28
Publication date: 2009-12-16
Also published as: DE112008000470A5; WO2008119769A1

Abstract

The invention relates initially to a method for operating a radial turbine (1) with at least two side channels (3 to 3''') to which blower blade wheels (4, 4'), disposed on the same shaft (5), are assigned, with at least two air inlet ducts (7 to 7''') and at least two air outlet ducts (8 to 8'''). The invention further relates to a radial turbine (1) with at least two side channels (3 to 3''') to which blower blade wheels (4, 4'), disposed on the same shaft (5), are assigned, with at least two air inlet ducts (7 to 7''') and at least two air outlet ducts (8 to 8'''). In order to indicate an advantageous radial turbine which has a simple structure and which can be operated in a simplified manner, and an advantageous method for operating such a radial turbine, the technical method is proposed that for the multistep and/or multi-flow operation of the radial turbine (1), the air inlet ducts (7 to 7''') and the air outlet ducts (8 to 8''') are switched over by means of a separate switching unit (9). According to the invention, the problem is solved in that the air inlet ducts (7 to 7''') and the air outlet ducts (8 to 8''') can be switched for switching between a multistep operation and/or a multi-flow operation.

Description

Side channel compressor and method for operating a side channel compressor

The invention relates firstly to a method for operating a side channel compressor having at least two side channels, which are assigned to the same shaft arranged Gebläselaufräder, with at least two air inlet channels and at least two air outlet channels.

Further, the invention relates to a side channel compressor with at least two side channels, which are assigned to the same shaft arranged Geblälaufauf wheels, with at least two air inlet channels and at least two air outlet channels.

Side channel blowers of the type in question are known from the prior art in various embodiments. These allow a wide range of industrial applications, for example in the printing, packaging, electronics, environmental, medical, etc. These turbomachines have at least two annular work spaces with a substantially circular cross-section, in each of which an impeller rotatable with blading is included. The adjacent to the blading cross-section of the working space each forms a side channel, which is interrupted at the periphery by a breaker. In the direction of rotation or circulation of the respective impeller behind the breaker is in each case an air inlet channel, while lying in the direction of rotation in front of the breaker each having an air outlet channel. Each side channel, each having a fan impeller, has an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel.

From DE 202004008503 Ul a side channel compressor of the type in question is known, the - viewed in the axial direction of the Gebläselaufräder the shaft - consecutively arranged side channels are individually and independently flowed through. Accordingly, a multi-flood ge design of a side channel compressor provided, in which embodiment a one-way air introduced via an air inlet channel fluid, a side channel enforced enforced. This is true for each individual side channel of this device. It is accordingly a one-stage, mehrflutigen side channel compressor.

EP 0344516 A1 discloses a side channel compressor with two side channels connected one after the other in the shaft axis direction, to each of which a fan impeller is assigned. In this embodiment, an air outlet channel of a first side channel is operatively connected to the air inlet channel of a second side channel. This results in a single-flow, two-stage design of a side channel compressor to achieve increased fluid compression.

With regard to the prior art described above, a technical problem of the invention is seen in providing a simple side structure and simplified handling an advantageous side channel compressor and an advantageous method for operating such a side channel compressor.

This problem is procedurally first solved by the subject matter of claim 1, wherein it is aimed that for multi-stage and / or multi-flow operation of the side channel compressor, the air inlet ducts and the air outlet ducts are switched by means of a separate switching unit. As a result of this refinement, a method is provided which permits switching from a multistage operation to a multi-flow operation or vice versa with simple means and with regard to handling technology. The switching unit is part of the entire compressor device, which essentially in addition to the side channel compressor housing still includes the electric motor drive for the Gebläselaufräder and the separate switching unit. Switching from multilevel to multi-flow or von mehrflutigem on multi-stage operation takes place in the simplest way switch-operated, so further preferably without tools. It therefore does not require a complicated conversion of the side channel compressor to achieve the change from multi-level to multi-flush or vice versa. The method according to the invention enables a short-term switching between the operating modes, so further adapted to the respective requirement.

Furthermore, features are described which preferably have in combination with the features of claim 1 meaning, but in principle may have meaning with only some features of claim 1 or alone.

Thus, procedurally further provided that the switching is achieved by means of a designed as a rotary valve, line sections having switching unit. This also makes handling simple switching between multi-stage and multi-flow or between multi-flow and multi-stage operation of the side channel compressor achievable. The switching unit has a rotary valve to be actuated, which fluidly connects the air outlet channel of a first side channel with the air inlet channel of a second side channel in a rotational position via the intended line sections, so that thereafter the side channel compressor operates in a multi-stage operation. In another rotary valve position, these line sections are brought into a non-connecting position, so that a fluid flowing through a first side channel leaves the side channel compressor via the air outlet channel assigned to this side channel to achieve single-stage, possibly multi-flow operation. In this rotary valve position or switching unit position not all provided, fluidically separated from each other side channels must be flooded. In addition, a rotary valve position can be present in which, with an arrangement of more than two side channels, a mixture of multi-flow and multi-stage operation is achieved. So, NEN, for example, in the arrangement of three side channels with correspondingly arranged on the same shaft fan impellers in a switching unit position two of the side channels to create a two-stage operation, for example via the rotary valve are connected in series, while the third side channel continues to operate single-flow, single-flow. Also, for example, four side channels each in a switching unit position each two side channels can be interconnected, for obtaining a two-stage, two-flow operation.

Alternatively, the switching can be achieved by means of two designed as a rotary valve and depending on the rotational position, the flow through a between them in a fixed part formed connecting line unlocking switching units. If necessary, the rotary valves can be actuated independently to create different operating states. Also, a coupling of the rotary slide movements is possible. About the rotary valves can be different

Fluid paths are switched to operate the side channel compressor in different configurations, such as single-stage multi-flow, two-stage double-flow or four-stage single-flow.

Further alternatively or in combination with the embodiment of the switching unit with rotary valve switching can also be achieved by means of a, separately controllable valves having switching unit. Depending on the desired flow path for achieving a multi-stage or Mehrflutigen or beyond a mixed operation of the side channel compressor corresponding valves are selectively controlled to means of this the air outlet channel of a first side channel with the air inlet channel of a second side channel via fixed part connection lines to create a multi-stage operation in series to switch or just to exclude these connecting lines from the flow path. Furthermore, the valves can be multi-stage switchable, so that not only an opening and locking of a single line can be achieved. Thus, in an exemplary embodiment of a valve in the manner of a multi-way valve different flow paths can be switched.

In a further preferred embodiment, the side channel can be operated not only alone mehrflutig or multi-stage, but also in a mixed operation taking advantage of the existing stages. Thus, the side channel blower can be operated either single-stage multi-flow, multi-stage multi-flow or multi-stage single-flow. In the case of a side channel compressor with, for example, four side channels, the following optionally selectable operating states result, by way of example: single-stage four-flow, two-stage double-flow or four-stage single-flow.

The switching can be achieved in a further embodiment by means acting on the separately controllable valves lever. By means of these levers is acted on the valves, for example via plunger directly, this more preferably against a valve restoring force, for example, resulting from a spring preload. Each valve to be controlled side channel compressor can be controlled via an associated lever. Preferred, however, is an embodiment in which the switching over from one-stage multi-flow to multi-stage multi-flow is achieved by means of a lever and the switching from multi-stage multiple-flow to multi-stage single-flow is achieved via a further lever. A lever can continue to act more controllable on more than just one valve, so on, for example, directly to two valves.

Further alternatively, the switching can be achieved by means of acting on the separate valves, pneumatically actuated actuator piston. Through appropriate pneumatic displacement of one or more actuator piston different flow paths can be switched, so for example. For conversion from single-stage multi-stage to single-stage. In terms of apparatus, the problem is solved first and foremost by the subject matter of claim 9, with the object being that the air inlet ducts and the air outlet ducts can be switched for switching between multistage and / or multi-flow operation. According to this embodiment, a side channel compressor is specified, which is easily switchable with simple means and handling technology of a multi-stage to a multi-flow operation or vice versa. The switching unit is part of the entire compressor device, which essentially comprises, in addition to the side channel compressor housing, the electric motor drive for the fan wheels and the separate switching unit. Switching from multistage to multi-flow or from multi-flow to multistage operation is effected in the simplest manner switch-operated, so on preferably without tools. Thus, there is no need for a complicated conversion of the side channel compressor in order to achieve the change from multi-level to multi-level or vice versa. The proposed solution is a short-term one

Switching between the modes allows, so on adapted to the respective needs.

Furthermore, features are described which preferably have in combination with the features of claim 9 meaning, but in principle may have meaning only with some features of claim 9 or alone.

Thus, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the subject invention that the air inlet ducts are aligned circumferentially rectified to all side channels. This offers the advantage of a compact design, in particular for the arrangement of a switching of multi-stage to multi-flow operation and vice versa causing switching unit. The interfaces to the air inlet ducts and air outlet ducts of all side channels are further preferably arranged in a common plane, this further in the immediate vicinity of the United denser housing. For a preferred cylinder derförmigen design of the compressor housing with a circular cross section, the plane formed by the interfaces of the air inlet ducts and air outlet ducts extends approximately tangentially to a housing outer wall or in tangential-parallel orientation thereto.

In a further development of the subject invention, it is provided that the switching takes place by means of a rotary slide having a line section. This also makes handling simple switching between multi-stage and multi-flow or between multi-flow and multi-stage operation of the side channel compressor is achieved. For this purpose, the rotary valve preferably has an axis of rotation extending in accordance with the shaft axis. The switching unit has a rotary valve to be actuated, which fluidly connects the air outlet channel of a first side channel with the air inlet channel of a second side channel in a rotational position via the intended line sections, so that thereafter the side channel compressor operates in a multi-stage operation. In another rotary valve position, these line sections are spent in a non-connecting position, so that a flowing through a first side channel fluid through the side channel associated with the air outlet passage leaves the side channel compressor, to achieve a single-stage, possibly mehrflutigen operation. In this rotary valve position or switching unit position not all provided, fluidically separated from each other side channels must be flooded. In addition, there may also be a rotary valve position in which, with an arrangement of more than two side channels, a mixture of multi-flow and multi-stage operation is achieved. Also, for example, at four provided side channels in a switching unit position each two side channels can be interconnected, to obtain a two-stage, two-flow operation.

Depending on the rotational position of the rotary valve, the air outlet channel of a first side channel is directed onto the air inlet channel of another side channel. switched or the air outlet channel of a side channel connected to a collecting outlet line. Thus, a connecting line between two different side channels is further formed in the rotary valve, which is open or closed depending on the rotational position. The side channels together with their air outlet and air inlet channels on the shaft axis considered vertical planes, which vertical planes are also directed perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotary valve. The connecting line in the rotary valve connects two, preferably adjacent side channel levels and are aligned in a plane transverse to the other line sections of the rotary slide accordingly.

Alternatively, the switching can take place by means of two rotary valves which, depending on the rotational position, enable the passage of a connecting line formed therebetween in a fixed part. If necessary, the rotary valves can be actuated independently to create different operating states. Also, a coupling of the rotary valve movements is possible. Various flow paths can be switched via the rotary valves, so that thereafter the side channel compressor operates in different configurations, for example single-stage multiple-flow, multi-stage multiple-flow or multi-stage single-flow.

Further alternatively or in combination with the embodiment with one or more rotary valves, the switching can also take place by means of fixed line sections, which can be controlled by separate valves. Depending on the desired flow path to achieve a multi-stage or Mehrflutigen or moreover a mixed operation of the side channel compressor, the valves are controlled accordingly targeted to means of this the air outlet channel of a first side channel with the air inlet channel of a second side channel via a fixed line section to create a multi-stage Operate in series or just to exclude this line section from the flow path. A favorable solution is created in that the valves are partially designed as check valves and partially as actuatable valves. As check valves can be provided in the simplest form clamped, automatically resetting valve flaps, which act against a sealing seat. Preferably, such check valves are associated with the air inlet ducts, while the actuatable valves are preferably associated with the air outlet ducts. The actuatable valves can be hand-operable in the simplest form, accessible from the outside. Alternatively, it is also possible to operate these valves, for example, pneumatically or hydraulically.

Regardless of the specific circuit, in a further preferred embodiment, a line section is always an air inlet channel and a line section is always an air outlet channel. Accordingly, no switching of these line sections is required to obtain the different operating modes of the side channel compressor, so that further these line sections are preferably valve-free. It follows further that with respect to the number of air inlet ducts always one valve is less provided in the device. The same applies to the valves associated with the air outlet channels. Thus, in an exemplary embodiment of the side channel compressor with four fan impellers and corresponding four side channels, three valves preferably designed as check valves are provided on the inlet side and three valves preferably designed as controllable valves are provided on the air outlet side. In a side channel compressor with, for example, eight side channels are correspondingly seven valves before.

In a development of the subject invention, the collecting outlet line with effect on at least two air outlet channels can be shut off. Accordingly, in a configuration of the side channel compressor, the collection outlet line or a lockable section of this outlet line acts as a common line section for connecting an air outlet channel of one side channel to the air inlet channel of a further side channel. In one or however, several other configurations, the blockage is canceled, so that the collective discharge line is formed over its entire length as such.

For shifting the separately operable valves may further be provided a switching unit. About this switching unit is preferably manually taken by the user influence on the operating mode of the side channel compressor. The switching unit is therefore easily accessible, further arranged directly associated with the side channel compressor.

In a preferred embodiment, the side channel compressor on two Gebläselaufräder and four side channels, wherein one fan impeller is associated with the two impeller surfaces two side channels.

The switching unit serving to displace the valves has levers, further via manually operable levers. In embodiment of the side channel compressor with two fan impellers and four side channels, the switching unit has two operable levers, wherein a lever acts on two separately operable valves of two line sections and a lever on another separately operable valve in another line section. On the three separately operable valves alone, in a proposed configuration with four side channels, the three operating modes can be set to one-stage, four-stage, two-stage two-channel and four-stage single-entry. The lever of the switching unit which displaces the two separately operable valves of two line sections preferably serves only to switch from single-stage multiple-flow to multi-stage multiple-flow. By means of the further lever acting on the one additional separately operable valve, a changeover from multi-stage to multiple-stage to multi-stage single-flow is achieved.

In a further development, a pneumatically actuable switching unit is provided for acting on the separately actuatable valves. These are in the Switching unit further preferably assigned to each valve actuating piston provided which act on linearly displaceable rods on the valves. Alternatively, an actuating piston can also act on several valves at the same time. By means of pneumatic actuation of one or more actuating pistons, a changeover of the operating mode is achieved, for example from single-stage multi-flow to multi-stage single-flow or multi-stage multiple-flow. A provision of the valves and the adjusting piston is achieved in a preferred embodiment after switching off the pneumatic actuation by means of spring force, which is built up in the course of the pneumatically induced actuating piston displacement.

Each lever preferably acts on the respective valve via a linearly displaceable rod, wherein furthermore both the displacement of the valve into the open position and the displacement thereof into the closed position are lever-actuated. In a preferred embodiment, however, the rod acting on the valve is spring-loaded in the direction of a basic valve position.

It can also be provided that the lever acts on the rod via a toggle lever arrangement, more preferably with defined displacement end positions of the lever, which correspond to the valve open position and the valve closure position.

The invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, which only exemplary embodiments, explained in more detail. It shows:

1 shows a side channel compressor according to the invention with a connected switching unit in a perspective view;

2 is a schematic exploded view of the total of four side channels having side channel compressor and the assignable switching unit. 3 shows a schematic sectional illustration through the switching unit in a first embodiment according to the sectional plane III in FIG. 2, relating to the switching position for single-stage, four-flow operation of the side channel compressor;

4 shows the section along the line IV - IV in Fig. 3.

5 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 3, but relating to the switching position for the four-stage, one-flow operation of the side channel compressor;

6 shows the cross section according to the line VI - VI in Fig. 5.

7 shows the cross section along the line VII - VII in Fig. 5.

8 shows the cross section according to the line VIII - VIII in Fig. 5.

9 shows the cross section according to the line IX - IX in Fig. 5;

10 shows a sectional view according to FIG. 3, but concerning a second embodiment of the switching unit, in a switching position for single-stage, four-flow operation of the side channel compressor;

FIG. 11 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 10, but relating to the four-stage, one-flow operating position; FIG.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view of Figure 3, but the switching unit in a third embodiment concerning in a circuit for single-stage, four-flow operation of the side channel compressor. 13 shows a sectional view according to FIG. 12, relating to the two-stage, double-flow switching position;

FIG. 14 shows a further illustration corresponding to FIG. 12, but here relating to the four-stage, one-flow switching position;

FIG. 15 shows the section according to the line XV-XV in FIG. 12; FIG.

FIG. 16 shows the section according to the line XVI -XVI in FIG. 13; FIG.

17 shows the section along the line XVII - XVII in Fig. 12;

FIG. 18 shows the section according to the line XVIII-XVIII in FIG. 14; FIG.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view according to FIG. 15, but relating to a further embodiment of the illustrated valve; FIG.

FIG. 20 shows an illustration corresponding to FIG. 16, relating to the embodiment according to FIG. 19; FIG.

FIG. 21 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, relating to a further embodiment; FIG.

FIG. 22 shows the area designated by XXII in FIG. 21 in a perspective cutout view, after removal of a closure housing; FIG.

23 is a horizontal sectional view through the side channel compressor in the region of two respective line sections of releasing or closing valves, relating to the valve position for single-stage four-flow operation of the compressor; 24 is a further horizontal sectional view, but in a plane that is vertically offset in comparison to FIG. 23 through the area of another valve which can be opened or shut off a line section, relating to the two-stage double-flow operating position;

FIG. 25 is a sectional view according to FIG. 23, but concerning the two-stage double-flow operating position; FIG.

FIG. 26 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 24 concerning the four-stage single-flow operating position of the compressor; FIG.

Fig. 27 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 23, relating to an alternative embodiment and

FIG. 28 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 24, relating to the embodiment according to FIG. 27.

Shown and described in first instance with reference to the figures 1 and 2, a side channel compressor 1. This has aufgenom- in a compressor housing 2 men four spaced flow technically separated side channels 3, 3 ^1, 3 ", 3 '", which continue with fan impellers 4, 4 ¹ cooperate. The two Gebläselaufräder 4 and 4 ¹ are spaced apart in the axial direction on a common shaft 5 rotatably disposed, which shaft 5 is rotationally driven by a front side of the compressor housing 2 flanged electric motor 6. The geometric shaft axis is provided with the reference symbol x.

Each side channel 3, 3 ¹ , 3 "and 3 '" is provided with an air inlet channel 7 to 7'"and an air outlet channel 8 to 8 '" on both sides of a breaker, not shown. The air inlet ducts 7 to 7 '"and air outlet ducts 8 to 8'" of the side ducts 3 to 3 '"are aligned rectilinearly on the circumference of the generally circular cylindrical compressor housing 2, namely with reference to the illustrations in Figures 1 and 2 down, forming a common air inlet / air exit plane E.

This level E forms the interface to a switching unit 9 assigned to the compressor housing 2. Via this switching unit 9, the compressor 1 can be operated in different configurations, in particular in one-stage / multi-flow or multi-stage / multiple-flow or multi-stage / single-flow. In the multi-stage operating states, two or more side channels 3 to 3 '"in series, that is, in the flow direction directly connected in series, so as to achieve a higher compression.

An air supply line 10 and an air discharge line 11 are fluidically connected to the switching unit 9.

A first embodiment of the switching unit 9 is shown schematically in FIGS. 3 to 9. The switching unit 9 is formed in the illustrated embodiment in the manner of a base for the side channel compressor 1, further has a substantially solid cross-section. Further, the switching unit 9 is elongated in a projection on a base of the switching unit 9 formed with a longitudinal extent of the switching unit 9 aligned, central circular cylindrical receptacle 12. Their diameter is smaller than the Querschnittshöhenmaß h of the switching unit 9. The transverse to the longitudinal extent of the switching unit 9 measured width b corresponds in the illustrated embodiment, about 2 times the switching unit height h.

Oriented on a parallel to a broad side edge of the switching unit 9 extending diameter line in the cross section according to the illustration in Figure 4 on both sides radially outwardly extending lines formed in the solid portion of the switching unit 9. These form on the one hand a collecting inlet line 13 and on the other hand a collecting outlet line 14. The two lines tions 13 and 14 extend in the longitudinal extension of the receptacle 12 aligned stitch channel and open to a front side of the switching unit 9 towards the connection of the air supply line 10 and Luftabführleitung 11. In addition to these the lines 10 and 11 facing openings, the collection inlet line 13 and Collection discharge line 14 each viewed over its longitudinal extent, one behind the other, spaced from each other and with respect to the receptacle 12 and the receptacle 12 centrally passing through the axis y radially inwardly facing openings 15 and 16, respectively. The considered in the longitudinal extent of the lines 13 and 14 distances of the passage openings 15 and 16 correspond to each other approximately in the direction of extension of the shaft axis x considered distances of the air inlet channels 7 to 7 '"or air outlet channels 8 to 8'" of the compressor. 1

The shaft axis x is in a projection on the switching unit base in coverage to the receiving axis y. The axes x and y are correspondingly in space parallel alignment one above the other.

Directed to the compressor 1 top of the switching unit 9 are in extension of the air inlet channels 7 to 7 '"and the air outlet channels 8 to 8'" channel-like openings 17 and 18 provided in the switching unit 9, which is perpendicular to the horizontally aligned lines 13 and 14 extending and inward to the receptacle 12 are open. These openings 17 and 18 form subsections of the air inlet ducts 7 to 7 '"or air outlet ducts 8 to 8'".

In the receptacle 12, a diameter-adapted rotary valve 19 is received. This is rotatable in the illustrated embodiment about the axis y by means of a handle 20 shown schematically in Figure 2.

Assigned to each vertically aligned side channel plane and thus further assigned to a respective pair of channels (air inlet channel 7 to 7 '"and air outlet). Outlet channel 8 to 8 '") are circumferentially in the rotary valve in cross-section radially outwardly open, circular segment-shaped line sections 21 and 22 formed, the radial depth is adapted to the diameter of the assigned apertures 17, 18 and passage openings 15, 16. The line sections 21st and 22 are fluidically separated in cross section, for example, as shown in Figure 4 over the circumference by itself from the solid core radially outwardly extending breaker 23.

Also considered in the axial direction width of the line sections 21 and 22 is adapted to the diameter of the assignable openings 17, 18 and passage openings 15, 16.

While the line sections 21 and 22 extend in each case in the vertical plane area defined by the side channels 3 to 3 '"or by the air inlet channels 7 to 7'" and air outlet channels 8 to 8 '"

Rotary valve 19 further cross-level line sections 21 is formed. These each form a connection of two adjacent side channel vertical planes and each end in a vertical plane region, a breaker 23 passing through with a radially outwardly facing, to the diameter of the openings 17, 18 adapted opening.

Three such line sections 24 are provided in the rotary valve 19 for coupling the respective vertical plane areas between the first and second side channels 3, 3 ¹ , the second and third side channels 3 ¹ , 3 "and the third and fourth side channels 3", 3 '"associated rotary valve areas.

The rotary valve 19 is stop-limited or alternatively latched secured in two 180 ° positions, which define different operating modes of the compressor 1 positions. Thus, in a rotary valve position according to the illustrations in FIGS. 3 and 4, the operating mode is set to single-stage multiple-flow. In this switching stage, the rotary valve 19 assumes a position in which in each Seitenkanal- vertical plane region, the line sections 21 and 22 connect directly provided in the respective level passage openings and openings, while the planes crossing the line sections 24 are spent from the flow path , Thus, in each plane, the line section 21 connects via the respective passage opening 15 the collecting inlet line 13 with the passage 18 passing into the respective air inlet channel 7 to 7 'for flowing the air guided through the collecting inlet line 13 into the associated side channel 3 to 3'". The associated air outlet channel 8 to 8 '"is fluidly connected via the switching unit-side opening 18 with the line section 22, which in turn due to the selected rotary valve alignment a fluidic connection düng to collect discharge line 14 offers.

Each side channel 3 to 3 '"is supplied separately from one another via the collection inlet line 13 via the line sections 21 of the rotary valve 19. The air flowing out of the side channels 3 to 3' via the air outlet channels 8 to 8 '" becomes air in each case over associated line sections 22 of the rotary valve 19 in the collection outlet line 14 out.

After a 180 ° rotation of the rotary valve 19 about the axis y, a multi-stage, single-flow operating mode of the compressor 1 is established. The line sections 21 and 22 of the rotary valve 19 assume positions in the individual plane regions according to the representations in FIGS. 6-9. The connection-side line sections 21 and 22 exchange in comparison to the rotary valve position according to Figures 3 and 4 their assignment to the openings and passages, so now now with respect to the first side channel 3 of the associated line section 22, the collecting inlet line 13 fluidly with the Air inlet channel 7 connects. Although the line section 21 is associated with the collection outlet line 14, but in this position is a blind channel section.

Furthermore, in this rotary slide position, with reference to the first side channel 3, the line section 24 provided in this plane is assigned to the air outlet channel 8. As mentioned, this line section 24 traverses the adjacent side channel vertical plane regions for the fluidic connection of the air outlet channel 8 of the side channel 3 with the air inlet channel T of the adjacent side channel 3 ¹ (see FIG. The air outlet channel 8 ^{1 of} this side channel 3 ¹ is again connected via a transverse line section 24 fluidly with the air inlet channel 7 "of the side channel 3", the air outlet channel 8 "ultimately turn technically a further line section 24 with the air inlet channel 7 '" of the side channel 3'"communicates.

In this rotary vane position, the wall-side-side line sections 21 and 22 of the rotary valve 19 assigned to the middle side channels 3 ¹ and 3 "are both displaced from the flow path, although they are respectively connected to the collection inlet line 13 and to the collection outlet line 14. However, only represent blind channel sections.

The after the fourth stage (side channel 3 '") via the air outlet channel 8'" exiting air is discharged via the formed in this rotary valve section line section 21 and the connected collecting outlet line 14.

As a result of this configuration, a structurally simple solution provides a handling-technically favorable option for operating the compressor 1 in a single-stage, multiple-flow or multi-stage single-flow operation. Figures 10 and 11 represent an alternative solution with two rotary valves 19 and 19 '. These are similar to the previously described embodiment on space parallel to the shaft axis x aligned axes y and y ¹ rotatable, so further preferably latched or limited stop in two 180 ° - Positions storable.

The rotary valve 19 and 19 'are reduced in diameter relative to the rotary valve 19 of the embodiment described above. Their axes of rotation y and y ¹ are arranged in the middle of the height extension of the switching unit 9 in a horizontal plane. Each rotary valve 19 and 19 'has a handle 20 for rotating.

The rotary valve 19 is the air inlet ducts 7 to 7 '"and the passage openings 15 connected to the collecting inlet line 13 and the rotary slide 19' to the air outlet ducts 8 to 8 '" and the passage openings 16 fluidically connected to the collecting outlet duct 14 assigned.

The rotary valve 19 and 19 'are further rotatably supported in separate circular cylindrical receptacles 12 and 12'. These are spaced from each other and leave between them a fixed part 25 of the switching unit 9. In this fixed part 25 transverse line sections 24 forming connecting lines are provided.

The rotary valve 19 assigned to the collecting inlet line 13 further comprises assigned to each side channel plane first according to the previously described embodiment mantelwandungsseitig shaped, in cross-section circular section line sections 21 for fluidic connection of the collecting inlet line 13 with the respective Lufteintrittska- channels 7 to 7 '"of Side channels 3 to 3 '"in the single-stage multi-flow operating position. The rotary valve 19 'also has such a wall-side free. Cut line sections 22 for fluidic connection of the air outlet channels 8 to 8 '"with the collecting outlet line 14th

After rotating the rotary valve 19 and 19 ', the line sections 21 and 22 are spent in a rotational position, in which only the air inlet channel 7 of the first side channel 3 associated line section 21 a flow technical connection to the collecting inlet line 13 and the air outlet channel. 8 '' of the fourth side channel 3 '' associated line section 22 represents a fluidic connection to the collection outlet line 14. All other line sections 21 and 22 are displaced from the area of action of the associated passage openings and openings, that the respective connection between the air inlet ducts or air outlet ducts and the associated manifolds are interrupted.

In this rotational position of the rotary valves 19 and 19 'traverse end sections 26 reach overlapping to the facing openings of the provided in the fixed part 25 connecting lines 24. About these transverse line end portions 26 and the central fixed-side connecting lines 24 is a fluidic connection of an air outlet channel 8 to 8 "reached with the air inlet channel 7 ¹ to 7 '" of the adjacent side channel. The compressor 1 is operated in this rotary valve position multi-stage single-flow.

FIGS. 12-18 show an embodiment in which the changeover of the operating modes is valve-controlled. For this purpose, first of all the switching unit area extending between the collecting inlet line 13 and the collecting outlet line 14 is designed as a solid part 25, possibly designed in several parts, in which line sections 27 to 29 are formed, wherein a first line section 27 forms the air outlet channel 8 ¹ of the side channel 3 ¹ with the air inlet channel 7 of the side channel 3 and another line section 28 the air Exit channel 8 "of the side channel 3" with the air inlet channel 7 '"of the fourth side channel 3'" connects. A third line section 29 constitutes a connection between the air inlet channel 7 ^{1 of} the second side channel 3 ¹ with the collecting outlet line 14.

Each line section 27 to 29 is provided with an actuatable valve 30 to 32 for blocking the respective line section. These valves 30 to

32 act in the manner of directional valves, the volitionally controlled release one or the other air flow path.

All four air inlet ducts 7 to 7 '"and all four air outlet ducts 8 to 8'" are connected via passage openings 15 and 16 with the associated manifold (collecting inlet line 13 or collecting outlet line 14), wherein in the region of the passage openings 15 between the air inlet ducts 7, 7 ¹ and 7 '"to the collecting inlet line 13 are each a check valve

33 to 35 is arranged. The passage opening 15 in the region of the connection between the air inlet channel 7 "and the collecting inlet line 13 is valve-free and accordingly always open.

Also, the air outlet channels 8 and 8 '"of the side channels 3 and 3'" are valve-free always fluidly connected to the collection outlet line 14, while the other air outlet channels 8 ¹ and 8 "depending on the valve to be set to 30, 31 to the collection outlet line 14 are open or locked.

The valve section 32 associated with the valve 32 is disposed at an intersection of line section 29 and manifold outlet line 14, so that the line section 29 forms a bypass passage with a corresponding position of the valve 32. Regardless of the specific valve circuit forms the side channel 3 "associated passage opening 15 always one, an air inlet duct forming line section and the side channel 3 associated passage opening 16 always one, an air outlet duct forming line section.

By targeted control of the valves 30 to 32 different operating modes of the compressor 1 can be switched. In a valve configuration as shown in Figure 12, in which the valves 30 and 31 block the line sections 27 and 28, but on the other hand unlock the openings between air outlet channels 8 ¹ , 8 "and the collecting outlet line 14, and further the valve 32 the bypass-like Line section 29 blocks and the collecting outlet line 14 releases over its entire length, the compressor 1 is operated in a single stage mehrflutig.The check valves 33 to 35 open automatically.The air flowing through the collecting inlet line 13 air enters each of the each Seitenka- nal third to 3 '"associated air inlet channel 7 to 7'" and is discharged via the respective air outlet channel 8 to 8 '"and further via the collecting outlet line 14.

In the illustration in FIG. 13, a two-stage, double-flow mode for operating the compressor 1 is set. The valves 30 and 31 are actuated and thus release the associated transverse line sections 27 and 28, at the same time block the associated apertures 18 between the respective air outlet channels 8 ¹ and 8 "and the collecting outlet line 14.

During operation of the compressor 1, the air flows through the collecting inlet line 13 and on the one hand via the always open air inlet channel 7 "and beyond the check valve-controlled air inlet channel T in the side channels 3 ¹ and 3" a. By the circuit of the valves 30 and 31, on the one hand, the air outlet channel 8 ¹ via the line section 27 with the air inlet channel 7 of the side channel 3 and further the air outlet channel 8 "via the line section 28 with the air inlet channel 7 '" fluidly connected. By the after the passage of the first side channel (side channel 3 ¹ or side channel 3 ") increased pressure, the check valves 33 and 35 in the air inlet ducts 7 and 7 'held" in its closed position. Through the air outlet ducts 8 and 8 '"of the outer side channels 3 and 3'", the two-stage compressed air flows through the collecting outlet line 14.

If, in addition to the valves 30 and 31, the valve 32 is still actuated as shown in FIG. 14, a four-stage, single-flow operation ensues. The air flows in here only through the air inlet channel 7 "of the third side channel 3" which is always open towards the inlet line and is supplied to the side channel 3 '"via the transverse line section 28 after leaving the side channel 3". The now emerging from the air outlet channel 8 '"air enters the shut-off valve 32 through the portion 14' of the outlet line, which forms a line section in this operating position, which is now leading to the air inlet channel 7 ^{1 of} the second side channel 3 ¹ , bypass-type line section 29. The further compressed air in the side channel 3 ¹ is fed via the air outlet channel 8 ¹ and the transverse line section 27 to the side channel 3. The four-stage compressed air is discharged via its air outlet channel 8.

Also in this operating position, the check valves remain 33 to 35 due to the line section side respectively prevailing higher pressures compared to the pressure in the collecting inlet line 13 closed.

Figures 15 and 16 show an exemplary embodiment of the valves 30 and 31 and the check valve 34th

Thus, the non-return valve 34 - as further preferred also the check valves 33 and 35 - in the form of a clamped valve flap formed having a resilience. The actuated valve 30 and 31 has a plunger 36 which is exposed to the outside for handling. This plunger 36 is guided for linear displacement along its longitudinal axis in the switching unit 9, so on in the region of the fixed part 25 and in the region of a wall surrounding the collecting outlet 14. On the plunger 36, a valve plate 37 is attached. This is formed for sealing on both sides and acts accordingly in stop-limited Ververschiebeendstellungen with one to an opening of the line section 27 and 28 associated sealing seat 38 and the other with one of the opening to the collecting outlet line 14 associated sealing seat 39 together.

FIG. 15 shows the valve position according to the single-stage multi-flow operating mode shown in FIG. The valve disk 37 in this case passes against the sealing seat 38 to release the flow path to the collecting outlet line 14. The flow path to the line section 27 or 28, however, is closed.

FIG. 16 shows the valve position according to the operating states illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14, in which the respective air outlet channels 8 ¹ , 8 "are fluidically connected to the associated line sections 27 and 28 and the flow path to the collector outlet line 14 is blocked accordingly.

Figures 17 and 18 show corresponding cross-sections with respect to the valve 32. Also, this valve 32 has a plunger 36 with a valve plate 37 mounted thereon, which is displaceable by actuation of the plunger 36 between two stop-limited end positions. In these end positions, the valve plate 37 cooperates with sealing seats 38 and 39.

In FIG. 17, the valve 32 is brought into the sealing seat 38 for closing the bypass-like line section 29; correspondingly releases the complete flow path of the collection outlet line 14. In order to achieve a four-stage single-flow operating state, the valve 29 is moved back into the sealing seat 39, which causes the fluidic separation of the collection outlet line 14 and now acting as a line section outlet line section 14 'and at the same time the way to bypass-type line section 29 releases.

Figures 19 and 20 show an alternative embodiment of the valves 30 to 32, specifically the valves 30 and 31. These are contrary to the embodiment described above not manually operated by manual displacement of the plunger 36. Rather, here the desired displacement is controlled by compressed air, including the plunger 36th immersed in a cylindrical extension 40. At the end, the plunger 36 is provided with a piston-like bottom 41, on which the peripheral side a, for example, made of a soft plastic material, in the cylinder wall anchored support member 42 connects.

In the plunger 36 facing and separated by the piston-like bottom 41 and the support member 42 cylinder space a channel 43 opens to pressurize the subspace with overpressure, which leads to a linear displacement of the plunger together with the valve plate 37 against the force of a return spring 44. Accordingly, the valve plate 37 is thereby displaced from one sealing seat 38 to the other sealing seat 39.

Via a ventilation opening 45, the air displaced in the course of the piston displacement can escape.

Switching off the pressurization of the piston-like ram extension causes an automatic return of the plunger 36 and the valve disc 37 disposed thereon due to the relaxation of the return spring 44th Figures 21 to 26 show a further embodiment of the compressor 1, in particular with regard to its reversibility.

Thus, the compressor 1 associated with the switching unit 9 via levers 46, 47. These are manually operated, for which purpose these slots 48 pass through a cover 49 for gripping the free ends of the levers.

The levers 46 and 47 are arranged schwenkverlagerbar in a horizontal plane. Accordingly, the pivot axes of the levers 46 and 47 are vertically aligned.

The levers 46 and 47 each act on a knee lever 50, 51 on engaging in the switching unit 9, plunger-like rods 52, 53 and 54 a. These rods 52 to 54 each extend in a horizontal plane and carry end-side, the levers 46 and 47 facing away from valve disc 55 to 57 to form the actuatable valves 30 to 32nd

The rods 52 and 53 with their valve plates 55 and 56 extend in a common horizontal plane or in a common horizontal plane and are simultaneously actuated via the lever 46. For this purpose, outside of the switching unit 9, a free end of the rods 52 and 53 engaging crossbar 58 is provided, which is acted upon by the toggle lever 50 of the lever 46.

The valve disks 55 and 56 are biased in each case via the rod 52 and 53 comprehensive cylinder compression springs 59 in their valve closure position.

The rods 52 to 54 pass through the housing of the switching unit 9, wherein the rods 52 to 54 are guided in stationary sleeves 60 in the enforcement region. The valve disks 55 and 56 serve as actuatable valves 30 and 31 for blocking or for releasing the pipe sections 27 and 28. For this purpose, the valve disk 55 or 56 occurs in the spring-loaded basic spring position according to FIG. 23 against a valve seat designed as an annular step for shutting off the orifice - tions of the line sections 27, 28 against the air inlet ducts 7 and 7 '".

In the course of the return displacement of the valves 30, 31 or valve plates 55, 56 via the lever 46, the valve plates 55 and 56 overflow the mouths of the line sections 27 and 28 against the action of the compression spring 59 into a rear valve seat position (see FIG.

In this valve position are the same as the previously described embodiments, the line sections 27 and 28 unlocked.

This valve disk 57 is linearly displaceable over the rod 54, with an outwardly guided free end of the rod 54 connected to the toggle lever 51 of the lever 47 is. Again, lever-actuated, a linear displacement of the valve plate 57 against the force of the compression spring 59 occurs.

In the basic valve position according to FIG. 24, the valve disk 57 closes the line section 29 against the collecting outlet line 14. Correspondingly, in this valve position, depending on the valve positions achievable via the lever 46, a single-stage, four-inlet or two-stage double-flow operation of the compressor 1 is possible.

By means of lever actuation, the valve plate 57 is pulled back into a sealing seat against the force of the compression spring 59 by means of the rod 54, in which position the outlet line 14 is divided into two. A discharge line section 14 ' forms in this valve position, a line section for connecting the air outlet channel 8 '"with the air inlet channel T.

FIG. 23 illustrates the valve position for single-stage, four-valve operation, while FIGS. 24 and 25 show the valve positions in two-stage double-flow operation. The four-stage single-flow operation is shown in FIG. With regard to the air flow paths and valve positions of the non-return valves 33 to 35 resulting from the valve positions, reference is made to the statements with regard to the embodiments illustrated and described in FIGS. 12 to 14.

FIGS. 27 and 28 show an embodiment which builds on the variant described with reference to FIGS. 23 to 26.

The provided in the illustrated switching unit 9 ¹ separately operable valves 30, 31 and 32 are pneumatically displaced out of its basic position shown via the associated rods 52, 53 and 54, this also against the force of the respective compression spring 59th

For this purpose, each rod 52, 53 and 54, the sleeve 60 passing through, with its free end immersed in a switching unit-side pressure cylinder 64 a. In each pressure cylinder 64 is the respective valve 30, 31 or 32 associated with a control piston 61, 62, 63 disposed linearly displaceable, the piston crown 65 receives the free rod end. The adjusting piston 61, 62, 63 is pot-like shape with a on the respective valve 30, 31, 32 facing pot opening. The pot wall 66 is provided on the outside of the casing with ring seals for sealing engagement with the pressure cylinder wall.

For valve displacement is not shown lines compressed air potpfnungsseitig to be displaced actuator piston 61, 62, 63 injected, resulting in a linear displacement of the actuating piston within the pressure cylinder 64th leads, while entraining the associated valve 30, 31 or 32 via the rod 52, 53 or 54. The compression spring 59 is hereby tensioned. Via an end opening 67 of the pressure cylinder 64, the air displaced by the adjusting piston 61, 62 or 63 can escape, or re-flow in the event of a return.

To reset the displaced valve 30, 31 or 32, the pressurization is canceled, after which, for example, by opening a check valve, the pot opening side existing air of the actuating piston can pressurized flow out. This pressurization is achieved via the previously tensioned compression spring 59, the plate at the same time on the valve 55, 56 and 57 acting a return displacement of the actuating piston 61, 62 and 63 causes.

In the figure 27, an embodiment is shown in which the valves 30 and 31 are separated from each other via adjusting piston 61 and 62 displaced. Alternatively, these valves 30 and 31, as in the previously described embodiment, may be coupled to one another in a coupled manner, for which purpose an actuating piston acts simultaneously on the rods 52 and 53 of the valves 30 and 31.

Instead of being described in the above-described embodiments, the pipe sections may not only be made out of a solid material. Rather, it is also possible to form these line sections through tube-like lines in a housing otherwise designed as a hollow body.

All disclosed features are essential to the invention. The disclosure of the associated / attached priority documents (copy of the prior application) is hereby also incorporated in full in the disclosure of the application, also for the purpose of including features of these documents in claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for operating a side channel compressor (1) having at least two side channels (3 to 3 ''), which on the same shaft (5) arranged Gebläselaufräder (4, 4 ¹ ) are associated with at least two air inlet ducts (7 to 7 '") and at least two air outlet channels (8 to 8 '"), characterized in that for multi-stage and / or mehrflu- term operation of the side channel compressor (1) the air inlet ducts (7 to 7'") and the air outlet ducts (8 to 8 '") are switched by means of a separate switching unit (9).

2. The method of claim 1 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the switching by means of a rotary valve (19) formed, line sections (21, 22, 24) having switching unit (9) is achieved.

3. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the switching by means of two as a rotary valve (19, 19 ') formed and depending on the rotational position, the passage through an interposed in a fixed part (25) connecting line ( 24) unlocking switching unit (9) is achieved.

4. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the switching by means of a separately controllable valves (30 to 32) having switching unit (9) is achieved.

5. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the side channel compressor (1) optionally single-stage multi-flow, more stage ig-mehrflutig or multi-stage single-flow operation.

6. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the switching by means of the separately controllable valves (30, 31, 32) acting lever (46, 47) is achieved.

7. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that via a He- at (46) the Umschal tion of single-stage multi-flood multi-stage ig mehrflutig and another lever (47) of multi-stage multi-flow is reached on multi-stage-one-flow.

8. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the switching by means of the separate valves (30, 31, 32) acting, pneumatically actuated adjusting piston (61, 62, 63) is achieved.

9. Side channel compressor (1) with at least two side channels (3 to 3 '"), which on the same shaft (5) arranged Gebläselaufräder (4, 4 ¹ ) are associated with at least two air inlet channels (7 to 7'") and at least two Air outlet ducts (8 to 8 '"), characterized in that the air inlet ducts (7 to 7'") and the air outlet ducts (8 to 8 '") are switchable to Umschal tion between multi-stage and / or multi-flow operation.

10. Side channel compressor according to claim 9 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that to all side channels (3 to 3 ''), the air inlet ducts (7 to 7 '") and the air outlet ducts (8 to 8'") are aligned circumferentially rectified.

11. Side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 10 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the switching by means of a, a line section (21, 22, 24) having rotary valve (19).

12. Side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 11 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the rotary slide (19) has a in accordance with the shaft axis (x) extending axis of rotation (y).

13. Side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 12 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that depending on the rotational position of the rotary valve (19) of the air outlet channel (8 to 8 ") of a first side channel (3 to 3") on the Luftein - An outlet channel (7 ¹ to 7 '") of a further side channel (3 ¹ to 3'") is connected or the air outlet channel (8 to 8 '") of a side channel (3 to 3'") on a collecting outlet line (14) is switched.

14. Side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 13 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that in the rotary valve (19) a connecting line (24) between two different side channels (3 to 3 '') is formed, depending on the rotational position is open or closed.

15. Side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 14 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that two rotary valves (19, 19 ') are provided which, depending on the rotational position, the passage of a between them in a fixed part (25) formed connecting line (24 ) unlock.

16, side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 15 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the switching by means of fixed line sections (27 to 29) takes place, which by separate valves (30 to 35) are controllable.

17 side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 16 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the valves (30 to 35) partially as check valves (33 to 35) and partially as operable valves (30 to 32) are formed.

18. Side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 17 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that independent of the specific circuit always a line section an air inlet channel (7 ") and a line section is always an air outlet channel (8).

19. Side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 18 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the collecting outlet line (14) with effect on at least two air outlet ducts (8 ", 8 '") can be shut off.

20. Side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 19 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that for the displacement of the separately operable valves (30, 31, 32) a switching unit (9) is provided.

21, side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 20 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that two Gebläselaufräder (4, 4 ¹ ) and four side channels (3, 3 ¹ , 3 ", 3 '") are provided ,

22. Side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 21 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the switching unit (9) has two operable levers (46, 47), wherein a lever (46) can be actuated on two separately operable valves (30, 31) of two line sections and a lever (47) acts on another separately operable valve (32) in a further line section.

23. Side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 22 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the lever (46, 47) via a linearly displaceable rod (52, 53, 54) on the valve (30, 31, 32) acts.

24. Side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 23 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the rod (52, 53, 54) is spring-loaded in the direction of a valve base position.

25, side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 24 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the lever (46, 47) via a toggle lever arrangement on the rod (52,

53, 54) acts.

26. Side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 25 or in particular according thereto, characterized by a pneumatic switching unit (9 ¹ ), which via an actuating piston (61, 62, 63) on the separately operable valve (30, 31, 32 ) acts.

27. Side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding claims 9 to 26 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that the adjusting piston (61, 62, 63) via the linearly displaceable rod (52, 53, 54) acts on the valve (30, 31, 32).

28. Side channel compressor according to one or more of the preceding

Claims 9 to 27 or in particular according thereto, characterized in that each separately operable valve (30, 31, 32) has an actuating piston (61,

62, 63) is assigned.