EP2116790B1 - Furnace with a cleaning device - Google Patents

Furnace with a cleaning device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2116790B1
EP2116790B1 EP09159677A EP09159677A EP2116790B1 EP 2116790 B1 EP2116790 B1 EP 2116790B1 EP 09159677 A EP09159677 A EP 09159677A EP 09159677 A EP09159677 A EP 09159677A EP 2116790 B1 EP2116790 B1 EP 2116790B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
combustion
combustion chamber
heat exchanger
exchanger surfaces
burner
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EP09159677A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2116790A1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Jäger
Kai Wendker
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Solvis GmbH and Co KG
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Solvis GmbH and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/0042—Cleaning arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber having an elongated tubular form, e.g. for a radiant tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
    • F23J3/023—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys cleaning the fireside of watertubes in boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F23J3/06—Systems for accumulating residues from different parts of furnace plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/01009—Controls related to ash or slag extraction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
    • F28G1/16—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
    • F28G1/166—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris from external surfaces of heat exchange conduits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a firing device, comprising a burner which burns fuel and thereby generates hot combustion gases, with flues through which the combustion gases are passed from the burner, the burner with a flame and a combustion chamber is oriented horizontally and has a horizontal axis, with heat exchanger surfaces in the flues, with which heat from the combustion gas can be transferred to a heat transfer medium, with a cleaning device, with the combustion residues from the heat exchanger surfaces are cleaned, and a suction device, can be sucked with the whirled combustion residues.
  • Continuously operated industrial furnaces must be freed from incineration residues from time to time. This applies to solid fuel firing as well as pellet firing or wood firing. Particularly in the case of solids firing, larger quantities of ash, soot or slag or other combustion residues can form. These residues are deposited on surfaces of heat exchangers of the furnace. By this deposition, the heat transfer is hindered, which is to be done in the heat exchanger, usually called heat exchanger, from the furnace to a heat transfer medium.
  • This heat transfer medium is usually water or a fluid composed of water.
  • a method and a furnace for reducing nitrogen oxide formation when burning fossil fuels are known. It has flue gas flow paths between a jacket and a combustion chamber and branches off partial streams of a cooled flue gas into the combustion chamber in order to achieve cooling and thus reduction of nitrogen oxide formation.
  • a boiler is charged with pellets.
  • these pellets are burned, burning a flame in an afterburner ring or other downstream elements.
  • These flue gases are led into flues.
  • the flue gases are possibly redirected several times. They run over heat exchanger surfaces, which can be quite complex depending on the concrete structure.
  • the combustion air can be routed horizontally over entire or partial sections and the flues can be constructed very compact. In this leadership of the combustion air can also be elements for different purposes.
  • Such a pellet boiler is freed about once a day via a vibrator via an eccentric engine of combustion residues on the heat exchanger surfaces in the flue gas trains.
  • the elements in the flue gas trains such as cleaning springs, are to be considered. Due to gravity, the residues fall into a collecting container, which is significantly less thermally stressed compared to the hot combustion zone. From the collecting container can then be transported via a transport device, such as a screw conveyor, the combustion residues in a collecting container.
  • Vibrating devices also have the disadvantage of occasionally transmitting vibrations very far, which is not desirable acoustically.
  • Mechanically vibrating devices are very complex, relatively expensive and due to the required moving parts also error prone.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose an improvement for the purification of combustion residues in industrial furnaces.
  • a generic firing device in that the cleaning device has a nozzle assembly is blown with the compressed air periodically and / or at desired times on the heat exchanger surfaces, which stirs up the combustion residues that the flues arranged in the form of an annular space around the combustion chamber are and the combustion gases outside the combustion chamber by 180 ° deflected horizontally lead in the opposite direction to the flame of the burner.
  • the cherries exclusivelytrager- or exchange surfaces of a furnace for example, with a pellet boiler by means of injection of compressed air automatically and periodically cleaned.
  • the combustion residues, which are stirred up by the compressed air can also be extracted at a suitable point at the same time, without the combustion gases escaping into the installation space.
  • a pellet boiler which is a low-temperature boiler.
  • the pellet boiler with its combustion chamber, the combustion gases leading flues and the heat exchanger surfaces is surrounded by a large storage tank.
  • the storage container contains the heat transfer medium.
  • a so-called thermo ring is provided. This is a cylindrical, with a fluid, in particular a liquid, filled jacket. The heat from the combustion gases is therefore first released via the heat exchanger surfaces of the fluid in this thermo ring and then from this to the heat transfer medium in the memory.
  • the cleaning device can be used in particular in a compact integrated in the memory pellet boiler, which can be compared to the prior art also reduced to a much smaller size of only one-third.
  • the combustion chamber of the boiler can preferably be made interchangeable via a flange on the memory.
  • the leadership of the combustion air is preferably carried out horizontally in two trains, so that it is possible that the fuel supply and the exhaust gas removal takes place from one side into the memory.
  • It may be a boiler for hot water production, a furnace for hot air generation, or a furnace for process purposes.
  • a welded-on nozzle channel is used on an exhaust gas ring channel.
  • a Stirling engine in addition to the combustion chamber, a Stirling engine is used for cogeneration. Especially with such a combination it can be used that hot flue gases for operation the Stirling engine can be provided with good efficiency available, which is supported by the cleaning possible with the invention of this good efficiency and also the automatic operation of the Stirling Engine is favored by the fact that a mechanical cleaning is no longer required.
  • FIG. 1 shows in schematic form a firing device according to the invention.
  • This firing device 10 serves to heat a heat transfer medium 21 in a storage tank 20.
  • the firing device 10 has a burner 11 which generates a flame 12.
  • the burner 11 burns, for example, a solid fuel (not shown), for example pellets.
  • the flame 12 burns in the illustrated embodiment after leaving a horizontally oriented flame tube 13 horizontally in a combustion chamber insert 14, in the FIG. 1 to the right.
  • the combustion chamber insert 14 is constructed approximately cylindrical.
  • thermo ring He is filled with a fluid, in particular a liquid.
  • this fluid in the cylindrical shell 18 the heat exchanger surfaces 16, the absorbed heat energy from.
  • This fluid in the thermo ring in turn then gives the heat energy to the heat transfer medium 21 in the storage container 20 from.
  • the interposition of the thermo ring or the cylindrical shell 18 has the purpose to prevent too cold a liquid in the memory that a condensation of components from the combustion gases 15 takes place on the heat exchanger surfaces 16 and thereby possibly affect the cleaning.
  • a cleaning device 30 is provided at the end of the annular space with the heat exchanger surfaces 16, at which the exhaust gas duct 17 branches off.
  • This cleaning device 30 has a nozzle arrangement 31, which in the illustrated embodiment is a nozzle ring.
  • This nozzle assembly 31 with the nozzle ring carries a series of nozzles that can deliver compressed air into the annulus.
  • This nozzle arrangement 31 with the nozzle ring is arranged shortly before the diversion of the exhaust gas channel 17 from the annular space with the heat exchanger surfaces 16 and the heat transfer ribs and in particular directly welded.
  • a control device (not shown) is provided, for example, periodically once a day in a particular situation compressed air from the
  • a suction device which has a solenoid valve 32 and a suction tube 33.
  • the suction pipe 33 is connected to a vacuum cleaner (not shown).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

A cleaning system for a fuel fired burner, e.g. water heating, has jets (31) positioned to loosen burn residues on the heat exchanger surfaces (16). The jets are applied a selected intervals and the loosened residues are removed by integral suction jets (30). The process can be applied to all types of fuel including fuel pellets.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Feuerungseinrichtung, mit einem Brenner, der Brennstoff verbrennt und dadurch heiße Verbrennungsgase erzeugt, mit Rauchgaszüge, durch die die Verbrennungsgase vom Brenner aus geführt werden, wobei der Brenner mit einer Flamme und einer Brennkammer horizontal ausgerichtet ist und eine horizontale Achse besitzt, mit Wärmetauscherflächen in den Rauchgaszügen, mit denen Wärme vom Verbrennungsgas auf ein Wärmeträgermedium übertragbar ist, mit einer Reinigungseinrichtung, mit der Verbrennungsrückstände von den Wärmetauscherflächen abreinigbar sind, und einer Absaugeinrichtung, mit der aufgewirbelte Verbrennungsrückstände absaugbar sind.The invention relates to a firing device, comprising a burner which burns fuel and thereby generates hot combustion gases, with flues through which the combustion gases are passed from the burner, the burner with a flame and a combustion chamber is oriented horizontally and has a horizontal axis, with heat exchanger surfaces in the flues, with which heat from the combustion gas can be transferred to a heat transfer medium, with a cleaning device, with the combustion residues from the heat exchanger surfaces are cleaned, and a suction device, can be sucked with the whirled combustion residues.

Kontinuierlich betriebene technische Feuerungen müssen von Zeit zu Zeit von Verbrennungsrückständen befreit werden. Dies gilt für Festbrennstofffeuerungen ebenso wie für Pelletsfeuerungen oder Holzfeuerungen. Insbesondere bei Feststofffeuerungen können sich größere Mengen von Asche, Ruß oder Schlacke oder anderen Verbrennungsrückständen bilden. Diese Rückstände lagern sich auf Oberflächen von Wärmeübertragern der Feuerung ab. Durch diese Ablagerung wird der Wärmetransport behindert, der in dem Wärmeübertrager, meist Wärmetauscher genannt, von der Feuerung auf ein Wärmeträgermedium erfolgen soll. Dieses Wärmeträgermedium ist zumeist Wasser oder ein mit Wasser zusammengesetztes Fluid.Continuously operated industrial furnaces must be freed from incineration residues from time to time. This applies to solid fuel firing as well as pellet firing or wood firing. Particularly in the case of solids firing, larger quantities of ash, soot or slag or other combustion residues can form. These residues are deposited on surfaces of heat exchangers of the furnace. By this deposition, the heat transfer is hindered, which is to be done in the heat exchanger, usually called heat exchanger, from the furnace to a heat transfer medium. This heat transfer medium is usually water or a fluid composed of water.

Es ist daher erforderlich, diese Verbrennungsrückstände insbesondere bei Festbrennstoffkesseln zu entfernen. Dies erfolgt herkömmlich dadurch, dass von Zeit zu Zeit manuell eine Abreinigung vorgenommen wird. Diese Abreinigung erfolgt meistens mittels einer beweglichen mechanischen Reinigungseinrichtung. Diese Reinigungseinrichtung befindet sich dabei allerdings zumindest teilweise in einem heißen Rauchgasstrom und ist daher thermisch hoch belastet.It is therefore necessary to remove these combustion residues, especially in solid fuel boilers. This is conventionally done by manually cleaning from time to time. This cleaning is usually done by means of a mobile mechanical cleaning device. However, this cleaning device is at least partially in a hot flue gas stream and is therefore highly loaded thermally.

In der DE 199 18 103 A1 , welche den Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 zeigt, wird zu diesem Zweck vorgeschlagen, eine Reinigungsflüssigkeit in die Rauchgaszüge einzusprühen und die von der Reinigungsflüssigkeit gelösten Verbrennungsrückstände mittels eines Absaugschlauches und einer daran angeschlossenen Saugpumpe zu entfernen. Aus der DE 20 2006 016 963 U1 ist eine weitere Reinigungsvorrichtung für die Innenfläche eines Wärmeübertragers eines Heizkessels bekannt, bei dem ein Reinigungsmittel in den Innenraum eines Wärmeübertragers einfahrbar ist. Als Reinigungsmedium werden dabei Luft oder Wasser vorgeschlagen.In the DE 199 18 103 A1 which shows the preamble of claim 1 is proposed for this purpose to spray a cleaning liquid into the flues and to remove the dissolved by the cleaning liquid combustion residues by means of a suction hose and a suction pump connected thereto. From the DE 20 2006 016 963 U1 a further cleaning device for the inner surface of a heat exchanger of a boiler is known in which a cleaning agent is retractable into the interior of a heat exchanger. Air or water are proposed as the cleaning medium.

Aus der DE 39 05 762 A1 sind ein Verfahren und eine Feuerungsanlage zum Reduzieren der Stickoxidbildung beim Verbrennen fossiler Brennstoffe bekannt. Er besitzt Rauchgasströmungswege zwischen einem Mantel und einer Brennkammer und zweigt Teilströme eines gekühlten Rauchgases in den Verbrennungsraum ab, um eine Kühlung und damit Reduzierung der Stickoxidbildung zu erreichen.From the DE 39 05 762 A1 For example, a method and a furnace for reducing nitrogen oxide formation when burning fossil fuels are known. It has flue gas flow paths between a jacket and a combustion chamber and branches off partial streams of a cooled flue gas into the combustion chamber in order to achieve cooling and thus reduction of nitrogen oxide formation.

Beispielsweise wird ein Kessel mit Pellets beschickt. In einer Brennkammer werden diese Pellets verbrannt, wobei eine Flamme in einem Nachverbrennungsring oder andere nachgeschaltete Elemente hinein verbrennt. Dabei entstehen Rauchgase. Diese Rauchgase werden in Rauchgaszüge geführt. Darin werden die Rauchgase ggf. mehrfach umgelenkt. Dabei laufen sie über Wärmetauscherflächen, die je nach konkretem Aufbau recht komplex gestaltet sein können. Die Verbrennungsluft kann über ganze oder Teilstrecken horizontal geführt und die Rauchgaszüge sehr kompakt aufgebaut sein. In dieser Führung der Verbrennungsluft können sich auch Elemente für verschiedene Zwecke befinden.For example, a boiler is charged with pellets. In a combustion chamber, these pellets are burned, burning a flame in an afterburner ring or other downstream elements. This produces flue gases. These flue gases are led into flues. Therein, the flue gases are possibly redirected several times. They run over heat exchanger surfaces, which can be quite complex depending on the concrete structure. The combustion air can be routed horizontally over entire or partial sections and the flues can be constructed very compact. In this leadership of the combustion air can also be elements for different purposes.

Ein derartiger Pelletkessel wird etwa täglich einmal über eine Rütteleinrichtung über einen Exzentermotor von Verbrennungsrückständen an den Wärmetauscherflächen in den Rauchgaszügen befreit. Auch die Elemente in den Rauchgaszügen, etwa Reinigungsfedern, sind zu berücksichtigen. Die Rückstände fallen aufgrund der Schwerkraft in einen Sammelbehälter, der im Vergleich zur heißen Verbrennungszone deutlich weniger thermisch belastet ist. Aus dem Sammelbehälter können dann über eine Transporteinrichtung, z.B. eine Förderschnecke, die Verbrennungsrückstände in einen Sammelbehälter abtransportiert werden.Such a pellet boiler is freed about once a day via a vibrator via an eccentric engine of combustion residues on the heat exchanger surfaces in the flue gas trains. The elements in the flue gas trains, such as cleaning springs, are to be considered. Due to gravity, the residues fall into a collecting container, which is significantly less thermally stressed compared to the hot combustion zone. From the collecting container can then be transported via a transport device, such as a screw conveyor, the combustion residues in a collecting container.

Die Reinigungswirkung derartiger Rütteleinrichtungen ist gelegentlich unbefriedigend. Rütteleinrichtungen haben auch den Nachteil, Vibrationen gelegentlich sehr weit zu übertragen, was akustisch nicht erwünscht ist. Mechanisch sind Rütteleinrichtungen sehr aufwändig, relativ kostspielig und aufgrund der erforderlichen beweglichen Teile auch fehleranfällig.The cleaning effect of such vibrators is sometimes unsatisfactory. Vibrating devices also have the disadvantage of occasionally transmitting vibrations very far, which is not desirable acoustically. Mechanically vibrating devices are very complex, relatively expensive and due to the required moving parts also error prone.

Wünschenswert wäre es, wenn eine Reinigung in Feuerungseinrichtungen in zweckmäßigerer Form möglich wäre.It would be desirable if a cleaning in firing facilities in a more convenient form would be possible.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Verbesserung für die Abreinigung von Verbrennungsrückständen bei technischen Feuerungen vorzuschlagen.The object of the invention is therefore to propose an improvement for the purification of combustion residues in industrial furnaces.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer gattungsgemäßen Feuerungseinrichtung erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Reinigungseinrichtung eine Düsenanordnung aufweist, mit der Druckluft periodisch und/oder zu gewünschten Zeitpunkten über die Wärmetauscherflächen geblasen wird, welcher die Verbrennungsrückstände aufwirbelt, dass die Rauchgaszüge in Form eines Ringraums um die Brennkammer angeordnet sind und die Verbrennungsgase außerhalb der Brennkammer um 180° umgelenkt horizontal in Gegenrichtung zur Flamme des Brenners führen.This object is achieved in a generic firing device according to the invention in that the cleaning device has a nozzle assembly is blown with the compressed air periodically and / or at desired times on the heat exchanger surfaces, which stirs up the combustion residues that the flues arranged in the form of an annular space around the combustion chamber are and the combustion gases outside the combustion chamber by 180 ° deflected horizontally lead in the opposite direction to the flame of the burner.

Mit einer derartigen Konzeption werden die Wärmeübertrager- beziehungsweise -tauscherflächen von technischen Feuerungen in regelmäßigen Abständen automatisch gereinigt. Eine zusätzliche mechanische Abreinigung kann sogar entfallen, so dass die damit verbundenen Probleme nicht mehr auftreten.With such a design, the heat exchanger or exchanger surfaces of technical firings are cleaned automatically at regular intervals. An additional mechanical cleaning can even be omitted, so that the associated problems no longer occur.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, dass eine Reinigung der Feuerungseinrichtung in der heißen Zone, also in der Verbrennungszone möglich wird. Bei bisherigen mechanischen Reinigungseinrichtungen war dies schwer möglich, da dann auch die mechanisch beweglichen Teile diesen hohen Belastungen ausgesetzt waren, was zu einem rascheren Verschleiß und häufigeren Fehlfunktionen führt.It is particularly advantageous that a cleaning of the firing device in the hot zone, ie in the combustion zone is possible. In previous mechanical cleaning this was difficult, since then the mechanically moving parts were exposed to these high loads, resulting in faster wear and more frequent malfunction.

Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es dagegen möglich, eine Feuerung, insbesondere eine Feststofffeuerung, ohne mechanisch bewegliche Teile verschleißfrei in einer heißen Zone zu reinigen.By contrast, with the present invention it is possible to clean a furnace, in particular a solid-fuel firing, without wear and tear in a hot zone without mechanically moving parts.

Mit der Erfindung werden die Wärmeübertrager- beziehungsweise tauscherflächen einer Feuerung beispielsweise mit einem Pelletkessel mittels Eindüsen von Druckluft automatisch und periodisch gereinigt. Die durch die Druckluft aufgewirbelten Verbrennungsrückstände können an einer geeigneten Stelle zugleich auch abgesaugt werden, ohne das Verbrennungsgase in den Aufstellungsraum austreten.With the invention, the Wärmeübertrager- or exchange surfaces of a furnace, for example, with a pellet boiler by means of injection of compressed air automatically and periodically cleaned. The combustion residues, which are stirred up by the compressed air, can also be extracted at a suitable point at the same time, without the combustion gases escaping into the installation space.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird dabei ein Pelletkessel eingesetzt, der ein Niedertemperaturkessel ist. Der Pelletkessel mit seiner Brennkammer, den die Verbrennungsgase führenden Rauchgaszügen und den Wärmetauscherflächen ist dabei von einem großen Speicherbehälter umgeben. Der Speicherbehälter enthält das Wärmeträgermedium. Außerdem ist ein sogenannter Thermoring vorgesehen. Dies ist ein zylindrischer, mit einem Fluid, insbesondere einer Flüssigkeit, gefüllter Mantel. Die Wärme aus den Verbrennungsgasen wird also zunächst über die Wärmetauscherflächen an das Fluid in diesem Thermoring abgegeben und von diesem dann an das Wärmeträgermedium im Speicher.In a preferred embodiment, a pellet boiler is used, which is a low-temperature boiler. The pellet boiler with its combustion chamber, the combustion gases leading flues and the heat exchanger surfaces is surrounded by a large storage tank. The storage container contains the heat transfer medium. In addition, a so-called thermo ring is provided. This is a cylindrical, with a fluid, in particular a liquid, filled jacket. The heat from the combustion gases is therefore first released via the heat exchanger surfaces of the fluid in this thermo ring and then from this to the heat transfer medium in the memory.

Dadurch wird mit Vorteil genutzt, dass auch keine Kondensation in der Brennkammer auftritt. Durch das Fehlen einer Kondensation kann auch der nachteilige Effekt vermieden werden, dass die Verbrennungsrückstände an den Wärmetauscherrippen abbinden und auf diese Weise die Reinigung mittels Druckluft behindern.This is used with advantage that no condensation occurs in the combustion chamber. Due to the lack of condensation and the adverse effect can be avoided that set the combustion residues on the heat exchanger fins and hinder the cleaning by means of compressed air in this way.

Die Reinigungseinrichtung kann insbesondere in einem kompakten im Speicher integrierten Pelletkessel Anwendung finden, der gegenüber dem Stand der Technik auch auf eine deutlich kleinere Größe von nur einem Drittel reduziert werden kann. Die Brennkammer des Kessels kann bevorzugt über einen Flansch am Speicher austauschbar ausgestaltet werden. Die Führung der Verbrennungsluft erfolgt bevorzugt horizontal in zwei Zügen, so dass es möglich wird, dass die Brennstoffzufuhr und die Abgasabfuhr von einer Seite in den Speicher erfolgt.The cleaning device can be used in particular in a compact integrated in the memory pellet boiler, which can be compared to the prior art also reduced to a much smaller size of only one-third. The combustion chamber of the boiler can preferably be made interchangeable via a flange on the memory. The leadership of the combustion air is preferably carried out horizontally in two trains, so that it is possible that the fuel supply and the exhaust gas removal takes place from one side into the memory.

Mit dem vorliegendem System ist es möglich, eine (Feststoff-)Feuerung in einer heißen Zone ohne mechanisch bewegliche Teile verschleißfrei zu reinigen.With the present system, it is possible to clean a (solid) firing in a hot zone without mechanical moving parts wear-free.

Es entsteht außerdem Unabhängigkeit von der Brennkammergeometrie. Auch bei Feuerungen mit kompakter oder horizontaler Verbrennungsluftführung können die Wärmetauscherflächen effektiv gereinigt werden.It also creates independence from the combustion chamber geometry. Even with firing systems with a compact or horizontal combustion air duct, the heat exchanger surfaces can be effectively cleaned.

Es kann sich um eine Feuerung zur Warmwassererzeugung, eine Feuerung zur Warmlufterzeugung, oder eine Feuerung zu Prozesszwecken handeln.It may be a boiler for hot water production, a furnace for hot air generation, or a furnace for process purposes.

Bevorzugt wird ein angeschweißter Düsenkanal an einem Abgasringkanal eingesetzt.Preferably, a welded-on nozzle channel is used on an exhaust gas ring channel.

In einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird zusätzlich zur Brennkammer ein Stirling-Motor für eine Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung eingesetzt. Gerade bei einer solchen Kombination lässt es sich nutzen, dass heiße Rauchgase für einen Betrieb den Stirling-Motor mit gutem Wirkungsgrad zur Verfügung gestellt werden können, wobei durch die mit der Erfindung mögliche Reinigung dieser gute Wirkungsgrad unterstützt wird und auch der automatische Betrieb des Stirling-Motors dadurch begünstigt wird, dass eine mechanische Abreinigung nicht mehr erforderlich ist.In one embodiment of the invention, in addition to the combustion chamber, a Stirling engine is used for cogeneration. Especially with such a combination it can be used that hot flue gases for operation the Stirling engine can be provided with good efficiency available, which is supported by the cleaning possible with the invention of this good efficiency and also the automatic operation of the Stirling Engine is favored by the fact that a mechanical cleaning is no longer required.

Zu berücksichtigen ist dabei, dass bei einem effektiven Betrieb des Stirling-Motors Rauchgastemperaturen von mehr als 800 °C eingesetzt werden sollten.It should be taken into account that flue gas temperatures of more than 800 ° C should be used for effective operation of the Stirling engine.

Eine Reinigung ist auch für etwaige Nachschaltheizflächen des Stirlingmotors mit der Erfindung möglich.A cleaning is also possible for any Nachschaltheizflächen the Stirling engine with the invention.

Im Folgenden wird an Hand der Zeichnung ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
Eine schematische Schnittdarstellung einer Feuerungseinrichtung mit einer Reinigungseinrichtung.
In the following, an embodiment of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:
FIG. 1
A schematic sectional view of a firing device with a cleaning device.

Die Figur 1 zeigt in schematischer Form eine Feuerungseinrichtung gemäß der Erfindung. Diese Feuerungseinrichtung 10 dient dazu, in einem Speicherbehälter 20 ein Wärmeträgermedium 21 zu erhitzen.The FIG. 1 shows in schematic form a firing device according to the invention. This firing device 10 serves to heat a heat transfer medium 21 in a storage tank 20.

Zu diesem Zweck besitzt die Feuerungseinrichtung 10 einen Brenner 11, der eine Flamme 12 erzeugt. Der Brenner 11 verbrennt beispielsweise einen Festbrennstoff (nicht dargestellt), beispielsweise Pellets.For this purpose, the firing device 10 has a burner 11 which generates a flame 12. The burner 11 burns, for example, a solid fuel (not shown), for example pellets.

Die Flamme 12 brennt in der dargestellten Ausführungsform nach dem Verlassen eines horizontal ausgerichteten Flammenrohres 13 horizontal in einem Brennkammereinsatz 14, in der Figur 1 nach rechts.The flame 12 burns in the illustrated embodiment after leaving a horizontally oriented flame tube 13 horizontally in a combustion chamber insert 14, in the FIG. 1 to the right.

Der Brennkammereinsatz 14 ist in etwa zylindrisch aufgebaut.The combustion chamber insert 14 is constructed approximately cylindrical.

Durch die Flamme 12 entstehen heiße Verbrennungsgase 15 in dem Brennkammereinsatz 14. Diese heißen Verbrennungsgase 15 verlassen nun den Brennkammereinsatz 14 und werden am Ende dieses Brennkammereinsatzes 14 auf der der Flamme 12 gegenüberliegenden Seite um 180° umgelenkt.By the flame 12 hot combustion gases 15 arise in the combustion chamber insert 14. These hot combustion gases 15 now leave the combustion chamber insert 14 and are deflected at the end of this combustion chamber insert 14 on the opposite side of the flame 12 by 180 °.

Aufgrund des zylindrischen Aufbaus des Brennkammereinsatzes 14 strömen sie in einem Ringraum außen an dem Brennkammereinsatz 14 vorbei und passieren dabei Wärmetauscherflächen 16, hier in Form von Wärmeübertragerrippen. Dieser Wärmetauscherflächen 16 beziehungsweise Wärmeübertragerrippen nehmen möglichst viel Wärmeenergie aus den heißen Verbrennungsgasen 15 auf. Rund um diesen Bereich mit dem Brennkammereinsatz 14, dem Ringraum mit den Rauchgaszügen und dem darin strömenden Verbrennungsgasen 15 sowie den Wärmetauscherflächen 16 befindet sich ein zylindrischer Mantel 18. Dieser zylindrische Mangel 18 ist ein sogenannter Thermoring. Er ist mit einem Fluid, insbesondere einer Flüssigkeit, gefüllt. An diesen Thermoring beziehungsweisen dieses Fluid in dem zylindrischen Mantel 18 geben die Wärmetauscherflächen 16 die aufgenommene Wärmeenergie ab. Dieses Fluid in dem Thermoring seinerseits gibt dann die Wärmeenergie weiter an das Wärmeträgermedium 21 in dem Speicherbehälter 20 ab. Die Zwischenschaltung des Thermoringes beziehungsweise des zylindrischen Mantels 18 hat den Sinn, bei einer zu kalten Flüssigkeit im Speicher zu verhindern, dass eine Kondensation von Bestandteilen aus den Verbrennungsgasen 15 auf den Wärmetauscherflächen 16 stattfindet und dadurch möglicherweise die Reinigung beeinträchtigen könnte.Due to the cylindrical construction of the combustion chamber insert 14, they flow in an annular space outside the combustion chamber insert 14 and pass through heat exchanger surfaces 16, here in the form of heat exchanger fins. These heat exchanger surfaces 16 or heat exchanger fins absorb as much heat energy from the hot combustion gases 15. Around this area with the Combustor 14, the annular space with the flues and the combustion gases flowing therein 15 and the heat exchanger surfaces 16 is a cylindrical shell 18. This cylindrical defect 18 is a so-called thermo ring. He is filled with a fluid, in particular a liquid. At this thermo ring relationship, this fluid in the cylindrical shell 18, the heat exchanger surfaces 16, the absorbed heat energy from. This fluid in the thermo ring in turn then gives the heat energy to the heat transfer medium 21 in the storage container 20 from. The interposition of the thermo ring or the cylindrical shell 18 has the purpose to prevent too cold a liquid in the memory that a condensation of components from the combustion gases 15 takes place on the heat exchanger surfaces 16 and thereby possibly affect the cleaning.

Aus dem Ringraum im Bereich der Wärmetauscherflächen 16 strömen die heißen, jetzt etwas abgekühlten Verbrennungsgase 15 weiter in einen Abgaskanal 17.From the annular space in the region of the heat exchanger surfaces 16, the hot, now somewhat cooled combustion gases 15 flow into an exhaust gas channel 17.

Am Ende des Ringraums mit den Wärmetauscherflächen 16, an dem der Abgaskanal 17 abzweigt, ist darüber hinaus eine Reinigungseinrichtung 30 vorgesehen. Diese Reinigungseinrichtung 30 weist eine Düsenanordnung 31 auf, die in der dargestellten Ausführungsform ein Düsenring ist. Diese Düsenanordnung 31 mit dem Düsenring trägt eine Reihe von Düsen, die Druckluft in den Ringraum abgeben können.In addition, a cleaning device 30 is provided at the end of the annular space with the heat exchanger surfaces 16, at which the exhaust gas duct 17 branches off. This cleaning device 30 has a nozzle arrangement 31, which in the illustrated embodiment is a nozzle ring. This nozzle assembly 31 with the nozzle ring carries a series of nozzles that can deliver compressed air into the annulus.

Diese Düsenanordnung 31 mit dem Düsenring ist kurz vor der Abzweigung des Abgaskanales 17 aus dem Ringraum mit den Wärmetauscherflächen 16 beziehungsweise den Wärmeübertragerrippen angeordnet und insbesondere direkt angeschweißt.This nozzle arrangement 31 with the nozzle ring is arranged shortly before the diversion of the exhaust gas channel 17 from the annular space with the heat exchanger surfaces 16 and the heat transfer ribs and in particular directly welded.

Eine Steuerungseinrichtung (nicht dargestellt) ist vorgesehen, die beispielsweise periodisch einmal täglich in einer bestimmten Situation Druckluft aus derA control device (not shown) is provided, for example, periodically once a day in a particular situation compressed air from the

Düsenanordnung 31 mit dem Düsenring in den Ringraum mit den Wärmetauscherflächen 16 einbläst.Nozzle assembly 31 with the nozzle ring in the annulus with the heat exchanger surfaces 16 blows.

Außerdem ist eine Absaugeinrichtung vorgesehen, die ein Magnetventil 32 und ein Absaugrohr 33 aufweist. Das Absaugrohr 33 ist mit einem Staubsauger (nicht dargestellt) verbunden.In addition, a suction device is provided which has a solenoid valve 32 and a suction tube 33. The suction pipe 33 is connected to a vacuum cleaner (not shown).

Durch das Einblasen der Druckluft in den Ringraum mit den Wärmetauscherflächen 16 werden Rückstände der heißen Verbrennungsgase 15 aufgewirbelt und von den Wärmetauscherflächen 15 sowie auch von den anderen, möglicherweise vorhandenen Elementen und den anderen Wänden gelöst und aufgewirbelt. Einer zusätzlichen Rütteleinrichtung wie herkömmlich bedarf es nicht.By blowing the compressed air into the annulus with the heat exchanger surfaces 16 residues of the hot combustion gases 15 are fluidized and released from the heat exchanger surfaces 15 and also from the other, possibly existing elements and the other walls and stirred up. An additional vibrating device as conventional does not need it.

Über das Magnetventil 32 und das Absaugrohr 33 der Absaugeinrichtung werden dann mittels eines nicht dargestellten Staubsaugers diese aufgewirbelten Verbrennungsrückstände und sonstigen losen Partikel abgesaugt und über das Absaugrohr 33 in einen mit einem Filter ausgestatteten Behälter (nicht dargestellt) abgesaugt.About the solenoid valve 32 and the suction pipe 33 of the suction device are then sucked up by means of a vacuum cleaner, not shown, whirled combustion residues and other loose particles and sucked through the suction pipe 33 in a container equipped with a filter (not shown).

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1010
Feuerungseinrichtungfiring
1111
Brennerburner
1212
Flammeflame
1313
Flammenrohrflame tube
1414
Brennkammereinsatzcombustion liner
1515
Verbrennungsgasecombustion gases
1616
Wärmetauscherflächenheat exchanger surfaces
1717
Abgaskanalexhaust duct
1818
zylindrischer Mantel (Thermoring)cylindrical jacket (thermo ring)
2020
Speicherbehälterstorage container
2121
WärmeträgermediumHeat transfer medium
3030
Reinigungseinrichtungcleaning device
3131
Düsenanordnungnozzle assembly
3232
Ventil, insbesondere MagnetventilValve, in particular solenoid valve
3333
Absaugrohrsuction tube

Claims (10)

  1. Furnace device,
    having a burner (11), which burns fuel and thereby generates hot combustion gases (15),
    having flue gas ducts, through which the combustion gases (15) are conveyed out of the burner (11), wherein the burner (11) having a flame (12) and a combustion chamber (14) is oriented horizontally and has a horizontal axis,
    having heat exchanger surfaces (16) in the flue gas ducts, by means of which heat is transferable from the combustion gas (15) to a heat transfer medium (21), having a cleaning device (30), by means of which combustion residues can be cleaned off the heat exchanger surfaces (16),
    having an extraction device (32, 33), by means of which whirled-up combustion residues may be extracted,
    characterized in
    that the cleaning device (30) comprises a nozzle arrangement (31), by means of which compressed air is blown periodically and/or at desired times over the heat exchanger surfaces (16) and whirls up the combustion residues,
    that the flue gas ducts are arranged in the form of an annular space around the combustion chamber (14) and guide the combustion gases (15) outside of the combustion chamber (14) such that they are deflected by 180° horizontally in the opposite direction to the flame (12) of the burner (11).
  2. Furnace device according to claim 1,
    characterized in
    that the nozzle arrangement (31) comprises a nozzle
    ring, which contains a plurality of nozzles and blows the compressed air into an annular space having the heat exchanger surfaces (16).
  3. Furnace device according to claim 2,
    characterized in
    that the nozzle ring is welded on adjacent to waste gas ducts (17).
  4. Furnace device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in
    that the feeding of the fuel to the combustion chamber (14) and the removal of the combustion gases (15) in a waste gas duct (17) are effected at the same side of the combustion chamber (14).
  5. Furnace device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in
    that a control device is provided, which actuates a valve, preferentially a solenoid valve (32) as a function of the delivery of the compressed air through the nozzle arrangement (31) and hence actuates an extraction device.
  6. Furnace device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in
    that the burner (11) with the combustion chamber (14) is configured as a low-temperature combustion chamber.
  7. Furnace device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in
    that the combustion chamber (14) with the burner (11) and the flue gas ducts is fastened exchangeably to a flange.
  8. Furnace device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in
    that a storage device for the heat transfer medium (21) is provided, which surrounds the combustion chamber (14) the flue gas ducts for the combustion gases (15) and the heat exchanger surfaces (16).
  9. Furnace device according to claim 8,
    characterized in
    that the heat exchanger surfaces (16) are separated from the heat transfer medium (21) by a cylindrical, liquid-filled jacket (18) and the heat from the combustion gases (15) is transferred first to the fluid in the cylindrical jacket and from there to the heat transfer medium (21).
  10. Furnace device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in
    that a Stirling engine is additionally provided for a power-heat coupling.
EP09159677A 2008-05-07 2009-05-07 Furnace with a cleaning device Active EP2116790B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008022696A DE102008022696A1 (en) 2008-05-07 2008-05-07 Firing device with a cleaning device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2116790A1 EP2116790A1 (en) 2009-11-11
EP2116790B1 true EP2116790B1 (en) 2011-03-09

Family

ID=40863531

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09159677A Active EP2116790B1 (en) 2008-05-07 2009-05-07 Furnace with a cleaning device

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2116790B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE501401T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102008022696A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2361386T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008053694A1 (en) 2008-10-29 2010-05-06 Solvis Gmbh & Co. Kg Additional arrangement for a firing device
ITCS20120020A1 (en) * 2012-05-16 2013-11-17 Ungaro Srl THERMO STOVE OR PELLET THERMAL Cylinder BOX EQUIPPED WITH A CLEANING SYSTEM
AT513734B1 (en) * 2012-12-04 2022-12-15 Oekofen Forschungs Und Entw M B H Boiler with heat engine

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4377132A (en) * 1981-02-12 1983-03-22 Texaco Development Corp. Synthesis gas cooler and waste heat boiler
US4562885A (en) * 1983-08-29 1986-01-07 General Resource Corporation Plate heat exchanger and pressure blast cleaner
DE3905762A1 (en) 1989-02-24 1990-08-30 Heim Hermann Masch METHOD AND COMBUSTION SYSTEM FOR REDUCING NITROGEN OXIDATION WHEN BURNING FOSSILER FUELS
DE4006742A1 (en) * 1990-03-03 1991-09-05 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Stirling engine heating and electric current generating plant - includes hydrocarbon-field boiler, heat exchangers as well as alternator driven by engine
DE4305962A1 (en) * 1993-02-26 1994-09-01 Kurt Dipl Ing Heim Heating boiler for the combustion of fuels
DE19918103C2 (en) 1999-04-22 2001-03-29 Ralf Wiesel Device for cleaning the combustion chamber and / or the flue gas flues of a boiler
DE10226685A1 (en) * 2002-06-15 2004-01-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Central heating system gas burner has removable firing unit over ribbed gas inlet zone around removable gas displacement body
US7624470B2 (en) * 2004-08-17 2009-12-01 Heyman Keith A Heat exchange coil cleaning apparatus
DE202006016963U1 (en) 2006-11-03 2007-02-08 Maxxtec Ag Cleaning device comprising cleaner mounted on movable slits and located in inner chamber and transferable via discharge opening

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102008022696A1 (en) 2009-11-12
ES2361386T3 (en) 2011-06-16
ATE501401T1 (en) 2011-03-15
EP2116790A1 (en) 2009-11-11
DE502009000422D1 (en) 2011-04-21

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