EP2108469B1 - Method for producing an axle casing composed of opposing profiles - Google Patents

Method for producing an axle casing composed of opposing profiles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2108469B1
EP2108469B1 EP08006947A EP08006947A EP2108469B1 EP 2108469 B1 EP2108469 B1 EP 2108469B1 EP 08006947 A EP08006947 A EP 08006947A EP 08006947 A EP08006947 A EP 08006947A EP 2108469 B1 EP2108469 B1 EP 2108469B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
corner
curvature
profile
rounded
die
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EP08006947A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2108469A1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Steiner
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BPW Bergische Achsen KG
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BPW Bergische Achsen KG
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Priority to EP08006947A priority Critical patent/EP2108469B1/en
Priority to AT08006947T priority patent/ATE473816T1/en
Priority to DE502008000939T priority patent/DE502008000939D1/en
Publication of EP2108469A1 publication Critical patent/EP2108469A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
    • B21D53/90—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards axle-housings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing an offset from each other profiles axle body of closed cross section with mutually perpendicular profile sections, wherein the corner regions between the profile sections are rounded, and the wall thicknesses are increased in the corner regions relative to the wall thickness in the other profile sections, according to The preamble of claim 1 (see, eg JP-A-04210831 ).
  • a strip of sheet steel is rolled with a plurality of spaced-apart thickenings, wherein the distance of these thickenings corresponds to the edge length of the later axle body.
  • the thus rolled sheet metal strip is then formed into a circular cross-section tube, and its abutting edges are welded together by a longitudinal seam.
  • the round cross section of the tube is rolled in several stages to the rectangular end cross section of the finished axle body.
  • the aim of the invention is a simplified production of rectangular axle bodies with wall thickness reinforcements in the corner areas.
  • the curvature of the inner corner of the outer die is related to a different center of curvature, as the curvature of the outer corner of the inner die.
  • the center of curvature of the outer corner is further away from the inner corner than the center of curvature of the inner corner.
  • the bends are each circular sections, and the centers of curvature are each the radius centers of the circular sections.
  • a preferred embodiment of the method provides that the material arranged in the corner region, at least during the upsetting, has a higher temperature than the material in the other profile sections.
  • FIG. 1 illustrated air suspension axle of a trailer vehicle are mounted under a vehicle frame 2 supports 3, where designed as springs trailing arm 8 are mounted for the axle body 1 of the vehicle axle.
  • the axle body 1 is fastened transversely to the trailing arms 8 by way of various connecting elements.
  • the axle body 1 is here a continuously formed axle body. It therefore extends transversely to the vehicle from one side of the vehicle to the other. At its ends, the axle body 1 is provided with stub axles, on each of which the vehicle wheels 10 are mounted.
  • the axle body 1 is arranged under a front, higher-lying spring load of the trailing arm 8, while the air spring bellows 9 are supported on lower-lying, rear spring branches of the respective trailing arm 8. Between the supports 3 and the axle body 1, a shock absorber is arranged on each side.
  • the designed as a closed rectangular and especially square tube axle 1 is composed of individual shells.
  • these are an upper half shell 1 a and a lower half shell 1 b.
  • the shells 1a, 1b are profiles which are welded together at weld seams 16 running along the axle body, so as to form as a result a closed, substantially square profile cross-section.
  • the strength of the axle body 1 is the fact that the rounded corner regions 27 arranged between the individual flat profile sections have a wall thickness which is increased in relation to the wall thickness in the other profile sections of the axle body. This local material accumulation leads to increased strength in the corner regions of the axle body. 1
  • FIG. 2 shows in each case different stages of a method arranged here below outer die 20, in which a arranged up here Inner die 21 is retractable under high pressure.
  • External die 20 and inner die 21 together form a cold forming press.
  • the die 20 has an elongated channel 23 of substantially rectangular shape, but rounded corners 29.
  • Also serving as the male inner die 21 has substantially an elongated, rectangular cross-section, wherein the here designed as outer corners corners 28 turn are rounded.
  • the length of the metal strip 22 corresponds to the length of the axle body to be produced.
  • the sheet metal strip 22 is cold worked by right-angled folding.
  • the resulting profile 24 has in the embodiment described here the shape of a half shell with U-shaped cross-section and with a plurality of profile sections, namely a base 25, two perpendicular to the base 25 arranged legs 26 and the rounded corner regions 27 between the legs 26 and Base 25.
  • the design of the corner regions 27 therefore takes place primarily by the shape of the correspondingly rounded outer corners 28 formed on the inner matrix 21.
  • the third illustration in FIG. 2 shows the final stage in the deformation by the cold-forming press 19, ie the inner die 21 is maximally retracted into the outer die 20.
  • the underside of the inner die 21 presses flat against the base 25 of the profile, and at the same time, this base 25 lies flat against the bottom of the outer die 20 under pressing force.
  • cavities 30 remain unfilled by the material of the profile 24. In order to fill these cavities 30 and at the same time to reinforce the profile in its corner regions 27, an additional upsetting step takes place following the cold deformation.
  • This upsetting step with the compression force F takes place at maximum retracted Matrizen 20, 21.
  • Stamp 33 are moved against the free end surfaces 34 of the legs 26. With increasing stamping pressure, it comes to one of the two surfaces 36, 37 of the Matrices parallel and directed towards the corners upsetting force with the result of a plastic deformation of the profile material.
  • a prior targeted heating of the corners forming profile areas which will be discussed later, caused by the compression plastic deformation takes place exclusively in the corner region 27 of the profile 24, with the result that the material completely fills the previously existing there cavities 30 , This leads to the desired material reinforcement in the corner region of the profile.
  • FIG. 2 serve as a stamp 33 elongated, movable against the end faces 34 strips, which are guided in or on the inner die 21.
  • FIG. 3 illustrated method variant serving as a punch 33 strips are pivotally attached to the inner die 21. During the rectangular deformation of the profile 24, these strips are still without function, and pivoted for this purpose to the outside. Subsequently, according to the third illustration in FIG. 3 the inner die 21 is first raised again, and the punch 33 are pivoted inward. Then moves according to the fourth illustration in FIG. 3 the inner die 21 including the stamped inward punch 33 again down, so that now the punch 33 exert the desired compression force on the two legs 26 of the profile 24 and it comes to the plastic deformation in the previously heated corner regions 27.
  • FIG. 4 shows the conditions in the corner region of an inner die 21 (male) and a corresponding outer die 20.
  • Both the outer corner 28 of the inner die 21, and the inner corner 29 of the outer die 20 are designed as a curvature in the form of a quarter-circle segment. So that the wall thickness W1 in the corner regions 27 is increased in relation to the wall thicknesses W2 in the other profile sections 25, 26, the center of curvature 42 of the outer corner 28 is further away from the inner corner 29 than the center of curvature 41 of the inner corner 29 is removed from the inner corner.
  • the radius R2 of the inner corner 29 is slightly larger than the radius R1 of the outer corner.
  • the sheet metal strip 22 is partially heated before the upsetting step.
  • the aim of the heating is First, that even the first Verforrnungs Republic in which arise by rectangular folding the corner areas, with less deformation force is feasible.
  • the main goal is that the material arranged in the corner region of the dies 20, 21 has a higher temperature during the subsequent upsetting step than the material in the remaining profile sections 25, 26
  • FIG. 5 shows this in a shortened view the still undeformed, flat sheet metal strip 22 including two longitudinal regions 44, in which the sheet metal strip is heated locally. During the subsequent deformation, the longitudinal regions 44 form the corner regions 27 of the folded profile. If the leg 26 with the compression force F ( FIG.
  • the two surfaces 36, 37 are not exactly parallel to each other, but have a small angle W to each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves deforming a flat metal strip to an angular profile (24) between an outer cavity (20), which comprises a rounded inside corner (29) with a straight surface (36), and an inner cavity (21) that comprises a rounded outer corner (28) with straight surface (37). A profile section (26) arranged between the surfaces (36, 37) is charged with a upsetting force (F), which is directed to an edge, under plastic deformation of material in a corner region (27). The deformed profile (24) is connected to an axle casing.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines aus gegeneinander gesetzten Profilen bestehenden Achskörpers von geschlossenem Querschnitt mit rechtwinklig zueinander stehenden Profilabschnitten, wobei die Eckenbereiche zwischen den Profilabschnitten gerundet sind, und die Wanddicken in den Eckenbereichen gegenüber den Wanddicken in den übrigen Profilabschnitten vergrößert sind, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 (siehe z.B. JP-A-04210831 ).The invention relates to a method for producing an offset from each other profiles axle body of closed cross section with mutually perpendicular profile sections, wherein the corner regions between the profile sections are rounded, and the wall thicknesses are increased in the corner regions relative to the wall thickness in the other profile sections, according to The preamble of claim 1 (see, eg JP-A-04210831 ).

Ein weiteres derartiges Verfahren ist aus der DE 43 00 158-A1 bekannt. In einem ersten Verfahrensschritt wird ein Streifen aus Stahlblech mit mehreren im Abstand zueinander angeordneten Verdickungen gewalzt, wobei der Abstand dieser Verdickungen der Kantenlänge des späteren Achskörpers entspricht. Der so gewalzte Blechstreifen wird anschließend zu einem im Querschnitt kreisförmigen Rohr umgeformt, und seine aneinander stoßenden Kanten werden durch eine Längsnaht miteinander verschweißt. In einem weiteren Schritt wird der runde Querschnitt des Rohrs in mehreren Stufen zu dem rechteckigen Endquerschnitt des fertigen Achskörpers gewalzt.Another such method is known from DE 43 00 158-A1 known. In a first method step, a strip of sheet steel is rolled with a plurality of spaced-apart thickenings, wherein the distance of these thickenings corresponds to the edge length of the later axle body. The thus rolled sheet metal strip is then formed into a circular cross-section tube, and its abutting edges are welded together by a longitudinal seam. In a further step, the round cross section of the tube is rolled in several stages to the rectangular end cross section of the finished axle body.

Ziel der Erfindung ist eine vereinfachte Herstellung von Rechteck-Achskörpern mit Wanddickenverstärkungen in den Eckenbereichen.The aim of the invention is a simplified production of rectangular axle bodies with wall thickness reinforcements in the corner areas.

Zur Lösung wird ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen.To solve a method with the features of claim 1 is proposed.

Bei diesem Verfahren ist die Krümmung der Innenecke der Außenmatrize auf einen anderen Krümmungsmittelpunkt bezogen, als die Krümmung der Außenecke der Innenmatrize. Zur Erzielung der gewünschten Materialverdickung im Eckenbereich liegt ferner der Krümmungsmittelpunkt der Außenecke weiter von der Innenecke entfernt, als der Krümmungsmittelpunkt der Innenecke. Vorzugsweise sind die Krümmungen jeweils Kreisabschnitte, und die Krümmungsmittelpunkte jeweils die Radienmittelpunkte der Kreisabschnitte.In this method, the curvature of the inner corner of the outer die is related to a different center of curvature, as the curvature of the outer corner of the inner die. To achieve the desired material thickening in the corner region, the center of curvature of the outer corner is further away from the inner corner than the center of curvature of the inner corner. Preferably, the bends are each circular sections, and the centers of curvature are each the radius centers of the circular sections.

Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens sieht vor, dass das im Eckenbereich angeordnete Material zumindest während des Stauchens eine höhere Temperatur aufweist, als das Material in den übrigen Profilabschnitten.A preferred embodiment of the method provides that the material arranged in the corner region, at least during the upsetting, has a higher temperature than the material in the other profile sections.

Das Verfahren mit seinen Vorteilen und Einzelheiten wird im Folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben, wobei auf die Zeichnungen Bezug genommen wird. Darin zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Querschnitt durch eine Luftfederachse eines Fahrzeuges und insbesondere eines Fahrzeuganhängers,
Figur 2
eine Ausführungsmöglichkeit des Verfahrens in insgesamt vier dargestellten Verfahrensschritten,
Figur 3
eine weitere Ausführungsmöglichkeit des Verfahrens in wiederum vier Verfahrensschritten,
Figur 4
eine weitere Ausführungsmöglichkeit des Verfahrens mit Darstellung insbesondere der Verformungssituation im Eckenbereich,
Figur 5
ein verkürzt dargestellter Blechstreifen vor der Verformung und mit grafisch hervorgehobenen Erhitzungszonen, und
Figur 6
eine weitere Ausführungsmöglichkeit des Verfahrens mit Darstellung insbesondere der Verformungssituation im Eckenbereich.
The method with its advantages and details will be described below with reference to exemplary embodiments, reference being made to the drawings. Show:
FIG. 1
a cross section through an air spring axis of a vehicle and in particular of a vehicle trailer,
FIG. 2
an embodiment of the method in a total of four illustrated method steps,
FIG. 3
another embodiment of the method in turn in four steps,
FIG. 4
a further embodiment of the method with representation in particular of the deformation situation in the corner area,
FIG. 5
a shortened metal strip before deformation and with graphically highlighted heating zones, and
FIG. 6
a further embodiment of the method with representation in particular of the deformation situation in the corner area.

Bei der in Figur 1 dargestellten Luftfederachse eines Anhängerfahrzeuges sind unter einem Fahrzeugrahmen 2 Stützen 3 befestigt, an denen als Federn ausgebildete Längslenker 8 für den Achskörper 1 der Fahrzeugachse gelagert sind. Über verschiedene Verbindungselemente ist der Achskörper 1 quer an den Längslenkern 8 befestigt. Der Achskörper 1 ist hier ein durchgehend ausgebildeter Achskörper. Er erstreckt sich daher quer zum Fahrzeug von der einen bis auf die andere Fahrzeugseite. An seinen Enden ist der Achskörper 1 mit Achsschenkeln versehen, auf denen jeweils die Fahrzeugräder 10 gelagert sind.At the in FIG. 1 illustrated air suspension axle of a trailer vehicle are mounted under a vehicle frame 2 supports 3, where designed as springs trailing arm 8 are mounted for the axle body 1 of the vehicle axle. The axle body 1 is fastened transversely to the trailing arms 8 by way of various connecting elements. The axle body 1 is here a continuously formed axle body. It therefore extends transversely to the vehicle from one side of the vehicle to the other. At its ends, the axle body 1 is provided with stub axles, on each of which the vehicle wheels 10 are mounted.

Zwischen dem Fahrzeugrahmen 2 und dem rückwärtigen Ende des Längslenkers 8 sind Luftfederbälge 9 angeordnet. DerAchskörper 1 ist unter einem vorderen, höher liegenden Federast des Längslenkers 8 angeordnet, während sich die Luftfederbälge 9 auf tiefer liegenden, hinteren Federästen des jeweiligen Längslenkers 8 abstützen. Zwischen den Stützen 3 und dem Achskörper 1 ist auf jeder Seite ein Stoßdämpfer angeordnet.Between the vehicle frame 2 and the rear end of the trailing arm 8 Luftfederbälge 9 are arranged. The axle body 1 is arranged under a front, higher-lying spring load of the trailing arm 8, while the air spring bellows 9 are supported on lower-lying, rear spring branches of the respective trailing arm 8. Between the supports 3 and the axle body 1, a shock absorber is arranged on each side.

Der als geschlossenes rechteckiges und insbesondere quadratisches Rohr gestaltete Achskörper 1 setzt sich aus einzelnen Schalen zusammen. Dies sind beim Ausführungsbeispiel eine obere Halbschale 1 a und eine untere Halbschale 1 b. Die Schalen 1a, 1b sind Profile, die an längs des Achskörpers verlaufenden Schweißnähten 16 miteinander verschweißt werden, um so im Ergebnis einen geschlossenen, im Wesentlichen quadratischen Profilquerschnitt zu bilden. Von Bedeutung für die Festigkeit des Achskörpers 1 ist der Umstand, dass die zwischen den einzelnen ebenen Profilabschnitten angeordneten, gerundeten Eckenbereiche 27 eine Wanddicke aufweisen, die gegenüber der Wanddicke in den übrigen Profilabschnitten des Achskörpers vergrößert ist. Diese örtliche Materialanhäufung führt zu einer erhöhten Festigkeit in den Eckenbereichen des Achskörpers 1.The designed as a closed rectangular and especially square tube axle 1 is composed of individual shells. In the exemplary embodiment, these are an upper half shell 1 a and a lower half shell 1 b. The shells 1a, 1b are profiles which are welded together at weld seams 16 running along the axle body, so as to form as a result a closed, substantially square profile cross-section. Of importance for the strength of the axle body 1 is the fact that the rounded corner regions 27 arranged between the individual flat profile sections have a wall thickness which is increased in relation to the wall thickness in the other profile sections of the axle body. This local material accumulation leads to increased strength in the corner regions of the axle body. 1

Die Herstellung der einzelnen, in einem letzten Verfahrensschritt zu dem Achskörper gefügten Schalen 1a, 1b wird im Folgenden anhand mehrerer Ausführungsmöglichkeiten erläutert.The production of the individual shells 1a, 1b joined to the axle body in a last method step is explained below with reference to a plurality of possible embodiments.

Figur 2 zeigt in jeweils verschiedenen Verfahrensstadien eine hier unten angeordnete Außenmatrize 20, in welche eine hier oben angeordnete Innenmatrize 21 unter hohem Druck einfahrbar ist. Außenmatrize 20 und Innenmatrize 21 bilden zusammen eine Kaltformpresse. Als formgebendes Element verfügt die Matrize 20 über einen lang gestreckten Kanal 23 von im Wesentlichen Rechteckform, jedoch abgerundeten Ecken 29. Auch die als Patrize dienende Innenmatrize 21 weist im Wesentlichen einen lang gestreckten, rechteckigen Querschnitt auf, wobei die hier als Außenecken gestalteten Ecken 28 wiederum gerundet sind. FIG. 2 shows in each case different stages of a method arranged here below outer die 20, in which a arranged up here Inner die 21 is retractable under high pressure. External die 20 and inner die 21 together form a cold forming press. As a shaping element, the die 20 has an elongated channel 23 of substantially rectangular shape, but rounded corners 29. Also serving as the male inner die 21 has substantially an elongated, rectangular cross-section, wherein the here designed as outer corners corners 28 turn are rounded.

Zwischen Matrize und Patrize der geöffneten Kaltformpresse 19 wird ein gestreckter, flacher Blechstreifen 22, vorzugsweise aus Stahlblech, eingelegt. Die Länge des Blechstreifens 22 entspricht der Länge des herzustellenden Achskörpers.Between the die and male part of the opened cold-forming press 19, an elongated, flat sheet metal strip 22, preferably made of sheet steel, is inserted. The length of the metal strip 22 corresponds to the length of the axle body to be produced.

Durch das in der zweiten Darstellung der Figur 2 wiedergegebene Absenken der Innenmatrize 21 in die Außenmatrize 20 wird der Blechstreifen 22 durch rechtwinkliges Abkanten kaltverformt. Das entstehende Profil 24 weist bei dem hier beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel die Gestalt einer Halbschale mit U-förmigem Querschnitt und mit mehreren Profilabschnitten auf, nämlich einer Basis 25, zwei rechtwinklig zu der Basis 25 angeordneten Schenkeln 26 sowie den gerundeten Eckenbereichen 27 zwischen den Schenkeln 26 und der Basis 25. In diesem ersten Verfahrensschritt erfolgt die Gestaltung der Eckenbereiche 27 daher in erster Linie durch die Form der an der Innenmatrize 21 ausgebildeten, entsprechend gerundeten Außenecken 28.By that in the second representation of the FIG. 2 reproduced lowering the inner die 21 in the outer die 20, the sheet metal strip 22 is cold worked by right-angled folding. The resulting profile 24 has in the embodiment described here the shape of a half shell with U-shaped cross-section and with a plurality of profile sections, namely a base 25, two perpendicular to the base 25 arranged legs 26 and the rounded corner regions 27 between the legs 26 and Base 25. In this first method step, the design of the corner regions 27 therefore takes place primarily by the shape of the correspondingly rounded outer corners 28 formed on the inner matrix 21.

Die dritte Darstellung in Figur 2 zeigt das Endstadium in der Verformung durch die Kaltformpresse 19, d.h. die Innenmatrize 21 ist maximal in die Außenmatrize 20 eingefahren. Die Unterseite der Innenmatrize 21 presst flächig gegen die Basis 25 des Profils, und zugleich liegt diese Basis 25 unter Presskraft flächig am Boden der Außenmatrize 20 an. Zugleich ist aber auch erkennbar, dass im Bereich der Innenecke 29 der Außenmatrize 20 Hohlräume 30 vom Material des Profils 24 unausgefüllt bleiben. Um diese Hohlräume 30 zu füllen und damit zugleich das Profil in seinen Eckenbereichen 27 zu verstärken, erfolgt im Anschluß an die Kaltverformung ein zusätzlicher Stauchschritt.The third illustration in FIG. 2 shows the final stage in the deformation by the cold-forming press 19, ie the inner die 21 is maximally retracted into the outer die 20. The underside of the inner die 21 presses flat against the base 25 of the profile, and at the same time, this base 25 lies flat against the bottom of the outer die 20 under pressing force. At the same time, however, it can also be seen that in the area of the inner corner 29 of the outer die 20, cavities 30 remain unfilled by the material of the profile 24. In order to fill these cavities 30 and at the same time to reinforce the profile in its corner regions 27, an additional upsetting step takes place following the cold deformation.

Dieser Stauchschritt mit der Stauchkraft F (Fign. 4 und 6) erfolgt bei maximal eingefahrenen Matrizen 20, 21. Gemäß der unteren Darstellung der Figur 2 werden Stempel 33 gegen die freien Stirnflächen 34 der Schenkel 26 verfahren. Mit zunehmendem Stempeldruck kommt es zu einer zu den beiden Flächen 36, 37 der Matrizen parallelen und zu den Ecken hin gerichteten Stauchkraft mit der Folge einer plastischen Verformung des Profilmaterials. Infolge einer vorherigen gezielten Erhitzung der die Ecken bildenden Profilbereiche, auf die später noch einzugehen sein wird, erfolgt die durch den Stauchprozess hervorgerufene plastische Verformung ausschließlich im Eckenbereich 27 des Profils 24 mit der Folge, dass das Material die dort vorher noch bestehenden Hohlräume 30 vollständig ausfüllt. Dies führt zu der gewünschten Materialverstärkung im Eckenbereich des Profils.This upsetting step with the compression force F ( FIGS. 4 and 6 ) takes place at maximum retracted Matrizen 20, 21. According to the lower illustration of FIG. 2 Stamp 33 are moved against the free end surfaces 34 of the legs 26. With increasing stamping pressure, it comes to one of the two surfaces 36, 37 of the Matrices parallel and directed towards the corners upsetting force with the result of a plastic deformation of the profile material. As a result of a prior targeted heating of the corners forming profile areas, which will be discussed later, caused by the compression plastic deformation takes place exclusively in the corner region 27 of the profile 24, with the result that the material completely fills the previously existing there cavities 30 , This leads to the desired material reinforcement in the corner region of the profile.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 2 dienen als Stempel 33 langgestreckte, gegen die Stirnflächen 34 verfahrbare Leisten, welche in oder an der Innenmatrize 21 geführt sind.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2 serve as a stamp 33 elongated, movable against the end faces 34 strips, which are guided in or on the inner die 21.

Bei der in Figur 3 dargestellten Verfahrensvariante sind die als Stempel 33 dienenden Leisten verschwenkbar an der Innenmatrize 21 befestigt. Während der Rechteckverformung des Profils 24 sind diese Leisten noch ohne Funktion, und zu diesem Zweck nach außen geschwenkt. Anschließend wird gemäß der dritten Darstellung in Figur 3 die Innenmatrize 21 zunächst noch einmal angehoben, und die Stempel 33 werden nach innen eingeschwenkt. Sodann fährt gemäß der vierten Darstellung in Figur 3 die Innenmatrize 21 einschließlich der nach innen eingeschwenkten Stempel 33 nochmals nach unten, so dass nunmehr die Stempel 33 die gewünschte Stauchkraft auf die beiden Schenkel 26 des Profils 24 ausüben und es zu der plastischen Verformung in den zuvor erwärmten Eckenbereichen 27 kommt.At the in FIG. 3 illustrated method variant serving as a punch 33 strips are pivotally attached to the inner die 21. During the rectangular deformation of the profile 24, these strips are still without function, and pivoted for this purpose to the outside. Subsequently, according to the third illustration in FIG. 3 the inner die 21 is first raised again, and the punch 33 are pivoted inward. Then moves according to the fourth illustration in FIG. 3 the inner die 21 including the stamped inward punch 33 again down, so that now the punch 33 exert the desired compression force on the two legs 26 of the profile 24 and it comes to the plastic deformation in the previously heated corner regions 27.

Figur 4 zeigt die Verhältnisse im Eckenbereich einer Innenmatrize 21 (Patrize) und einer entsprechenden Außenmatrize 20. Sowohl die Außenecke 28 der Innenmatrize 21, als auch die Innenecke 29 der Außenmatrize 20 sind als Krümmung in Gestalt eines Viertelkreis-Kreisabschnitts gestaltet. Damit die Wanddicke W1 in den Eckenbereichen 27 gegenüber den Wanddicken W2 in den übrigen Profilabschnitten 25, 26 vergrößert ist, ist der Krümmungsmittelpunkt 42 der Außenecke 28 weiter von der Innenecke 29 entfernt, als der Krümmungsmittelpunkt 41 der Innenecke 29 von der Innenecke entfernt ist. Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 4 ist zudem der Radius R2 der Innenecke 29 etwas größer, als der Radius R1 der Außenecke. FIG. 4 shows the conditions in the corner region of an inner die 21 (male) and a corresponding outer die 20. Both the outer corner 28 of the inner die 21, and the inner corner 29 of the outer die 20 are designed as a curvature in the form of a quarter-circle segment. So that the wall thickness W1 in the corner regions 27 is increased in relation to the wall thicknesses W2 in the other profile sections 25, 26, the center of curvature 42 of the outer corner 28 is further away from the inner corner 29 than the center of curvature 41 of the inner corner 29 is removed from the inner corner. According to the embodiment FIG. 4 In addition, the radius R2 of the inner corner 29 is slightly larger than the radius R1 of the outer corner.

Damit die gewünschte plastische Materialverformung im Eckenbereich 27 erfolgt, wird der Blechstreifen 22 vor dem Stauchschritt partiell erhitzt. Ziel der Erhitzung ist zunächst, daß bereits der erste Verforrnungsschritt, bei dem durch rechtwinkliges Abkanten die Eckenbereiche entstehen, mit weniger Verformungskraft durchführbar ist. Ziel ist aber vor allem, daß das im Eckenbereich der Matrizen 20, 21 angeordnete Material während des anschließenden Stauchschritts eine höhere Temperatur aufweist, als das Material in den übrigen Profilabschnitten 25, 26. Die Figur 5 zeigt hierzu in verkürzter Darstellung den noch unverformten, flachen Blechstreifen 22 einschließlich zweier Längsbereiche 44, in denen der Blechstreifen örtlich erhitzt wird. Bei der anschließenden Verformung bilden die Längsbereiche 44 die Eckenbereiche 27 des abgekanteten Profils. Wird der Schenkel 26 mit der Stauchkraft F (Figur 4) beaufschlagt, kommt es zu einer plastischen Verformung nahezu ausschließlich in dem Eckenbereich 27. Denn dort wird der Werkstoff wegen seiner erhöhten Temperatur eher der Staucheinwirkung nachgeben, als über die Länge des Schenkels 26. Der Werkstoff in dem Abschnitt 26 ist zwar dem Stauchdruck unmittelbarer ausgesetzt, weist jedoch eine vergleichsweise niedrige Temperatur auf. Zudem ist der Werkstoff bei der Ausführungsmöglichkeit nach Figur 4 zwischen den hier parallel zueinander angeordneten Flächen 36, 37 gleitend geführt.In order for the desired plastic material deformation to take place in the corner region 27, the sheet metal strip 22 is partially heated before the upsetting step. The aim of the heating is First, that even the first Verforrnungsschritt in which arise by rectangular folding the corner areas, with less deformation force is feasible. The main goal, however, is that the material arranged in the corner region of the dies 20, 21 has a higher temperature during the subsequent upsetting step than the material in the remaining profile sections 25, 26 FIG. 5 shows this in a shortened view the still undeformed, flat sheet metal strip 22 including two longitudinal regions 44, in which the sheet metal strip is heated locally. During the subsequent deformation, the longitudinal regions 44 form the corner regions 27 of the folded profile. If the leg 26 with the compression force F ( FIG. 4 Because there is a plastic deformation almost exclusively in the corner region 27. Because there, the material will yield because of its elevated temperature rather the compression action, as over the length of the leg 26. The material in the section 26 is exposed to the compression pressure more directly but has a comparatively low temperature. In addition, the material is in the embodiment after FIG. 4 between the here parallel to each other arranged surfaces 36, 37 slidably guided.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 6 sind die beiden Flächen 36, 37 nicht exakt parallel zueinander, sondern weisen einen geringen Winkel W zueinander auf. Dieser kann z. B. 2,5° oder 4° betragen. So kann z. B. die ebene Fläche 37 zur Basis 25 einen von 90° abweichenden Winkel aufweisen, so dass die Schenkel 26 zur Basis 25 hin einen breiteren Querschnitt erhalten. Auch hierfür ist eine gezielte Wärmeeinbringung denkbar.According to the embodiment FIG. 6 the two surfaces 36, 37 are not exactly parallel to each other, but have a small angle W to each other. This can z. B. 2.5 ° or 4 °. So z. B. the flat surface 37 to the base 25 have a deviating from 90 ° angle, so that the legs 26 to the base 25 towards a wider cross-section. Again, a targeted heat input is conceivable.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Achskörperaxle body
1 a1 a
SchaleBowl
1 b1 b
SchaleBowl
22
Fahrzeugrahmenvehicle frame
33
Stützesupport
88th
LängslenkerTrailing arm
99
Luftfederbalgsuspension bellows
1010
Radwheel
1616
SchweißnahtWeld
1919
KaltformpresseCold molding press
2020
Außenmatrize 21 Innenmatrize (Patrize)Outer die 21 inner die (male)
2222
Blechstreifenmetal strip
2323
Kanalchannel
2424
Profilprofile
2525
BasisBase
2626
Schenkelleg
2727
Eckenbereichcorner area
2828
Außeneckeoutside corner
2929
Inneneckeinside corner
3030
Hohlraumcavity
3333
Stempelstamp
3434
Stirnflächeface
3636
gerade Flächestraight area
3737
gerade Flächestraight area
4141
Krümmungsmittelpunkt InneneckeCenter of curvature inside corner
4242
Krümmungsmittelpunkt AußeneckeCenter of curvature outside corner
4444
Erhitzter LängsbereichHeated longitudinal area
FF
Stauchkraftupsetting force
R1R1
Radiusradius
R2R2
Radiusradius
WW
Winkelangle
W1W1
Wanddickewall thickness
W2W2
Wanddickewall thickness

Claims (3)

  1. A method of producing an axle casing comprising mutually opposed profiles and having a closed cross-section with profile portions at right angles to one another, wherein the corner regions (27) between the profile portions are rounded, and the wall thicknesses (W1) in the corner regions (27) are increased with respect to the wall thicknesses (W2) in the other profile portions, with the steps:
    - deforming a flat sheet-metal strip (22) to form an angled profile (24) between an external die (20) having a rounded internal corner (29) with a straight face (36) adjoining it and an internal die (21) having a rounded external corner (28) with a straight face (37) adjoining it, wherein the straight faces (36, 37) of the dies (20, 21) extend substantially parallel to each other,
    - acting upon the profile portion (26) arranged between the faces (36, 37) with an upsetting force (F) directed towards the corners with plastic deformation of the material in the corner region (27), and
    - joining the profiles (24) shaped in this way to form the axle casing (1)
    characterized in that the curvature of the external corner (28) corresponds to a different centre of curvature (42) from the curvature of the internal corner (29), and the centre of curvature (42) of the external corner (28) is situated at a greater distance from the internal corner (29) than the centre of curvature (41) of the internal corner (29).
  2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the material present in the corner region (27) has a higher temperature, at least during the upsetting, than the material in the remainder of the profile portions (25, 26).
  3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the curvatures are segments of a circle in each case, and the centres of curvature (41, 42) are the mid-points of the radii of the segments of the circle in each case.
EP08006947A 2008-04-08 2008-04-08 Method for producing an axle casing composed of opposing profiles Not-in-force EP2108469B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08006947A EP2108469B1 (en) 2008-04-08 2008-04-08 Method for producing an axle casing composed of opposing profiles
AT08006947T ATE473816T1 (en) 2008-04-08 2008-04-08 METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN AXLE BODY CONSISTING OF OPPOSITE PROFILES
DE502008000939T DE502008000939D1 (en) 2008-04-08 2008-04-08 Method for producing an axle body consisting of mutually set profiles

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08006947A EP2108469B1 (en) 2008-04-08 2008-04-08 Method for producing an axle casing composed of opposing profiles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2108469A1 EP2108469A1 (en) 2009-10-14
EP2108469B1 true EP2108469B1 (en) 2010-07-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08006947A Not-in-force EP2108469B1 (en) 2008-04-08 2008-04-08 Method for producing an axle casing composed of opposing profiles

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2108469B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE473816T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502008000939D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011079095A1 (en) 2011-07-13 2013-01-17 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing a profile from a sheet metal strip
US20230311569A1 (en) * 2022-03-31 2023-10-05 Caterpillar Inc. Front axle for mining machines

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59109466A (en) * 1982-12-16 1984-06-25 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Member for car
JP2877962B2 (en) * 1990-12-17 1999-04-05 プレス工業株式会社 Axle case side plate manufacturing method
DE4300158C2 (en) 1993-01-07 1994-11-17 Bergische Achsen Kotz Soehne Process for the production of axle bodies with an approximately square cross-section
BRPI0700863B1 (en) * 2007-03-01 2018-05-29 Delga Indústria e Comércio Ltda AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE HALF-MANUFACTURING PROCESS

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ATE473816T1 (en) 2010-07-15
EP2108469A1 (en) 2009-10-14
DE502008000939D1 (en) 2010-08-26

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