EP2101061B1 - Hydromechanical system - Google Patents

Hydromechanical system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2101061B1
EP2101061B1 EP20090003428 EP09003428A EP2101061B1 EP 2101061 B1 EP2101061 B1 EP 2101061B1 EP 20090003428 EP20090003428 EP 20090003428 EP 09003428 A EP09003428 A EP 09003428A EP 2101061 B1 EP2101061 B1 EP 2101061B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydraulic
pressure
hydromechanical
resistant enclosure
hydromechanical system
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EP20090003428
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2101061A1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Eufinger
Norbert Otte
Rudolf Rietzler
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Hoerbiger Automatisierungstechnik Holding GmbH
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Hoerbiger Automatisierungstechnik Holding GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/18—Combined units comprising both motor and pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/02—Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member
    • F15B15/06—Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member for mechanically converting rectilinear movement into non- rectilinear movement
    • F15B15/065—Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member for mechanically converting rectilinear movement into non- rectilinear movement the motor being of the rack-and-pinion type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydromechanical system, comprising an electric drive motor, a hydraulic pump driven by the same, and a hydraulic unit comprising a tank and a hydromechanical converter, in particular in the immediate vicinity of the hydraulic unit, which is fluidically connected to the hydraulic unit via hydraulic lines.
  • Hydromechanical systems of the type specified above are known in various embodiments and embodiments. They are particularly useful in applications where high energy densities are desired or needed; because the existing in the design of the individual components of the hydromechanical system flexibility makes it possible, if necessary, to configure corresponding hydromechanical systems so that the hydromechanical transducer provides high forces even with relatively compact overall dimensions of the system.
  • hydromechanical systems of the generic type although they require in typical applications as well as electromechanical systems only an electrical supply line from the outside, the latter are considerably superior.
  • Another advantage of the generic hydromechanical systems is the ability to make them particularly reliable and / or fail-safe; because hydraulic energy can be stored loss-free with little effort, so that even in case of failure of the hydraulic unit (motor-pump unit) an emergency operation by applying the hydromechanical transducer from the relevant hydraulic accumulator out is possible. Also the possibility of lossless storage of hydraulic energy in a suitable memory (eg hydraulic accumulator, spring accumulator, gas spring, etc.) also contributes to the fact that the hydraulic unit can be dimensioned correspondingly small, especially in those applications in which the hydromechanical transducer, measured on the for the loading of the memory by means of the hydraulic unit available time, is operated only comparatively short.
  • a suitable memory eg hydraulic accumulator, spring accumulator, gas spring, etc.
  • the present invention aims to provide a generic hydromechanical system, which can be used without restriction to comparable, no explosion protection hydromechanical systems due to a particularly reliable structural explosion protection in rooms where there is an increased risk of explosion, in particular, other practical aspects are taken into account, for example by the cost of manufacture, operation and maintenance, the corresponding explosion-proof hydromechanical system should not be overly expensive compared to non-explosion-proof hydromechanical systems same performance.
  • hydromechanical systems according to the invention are distinguished by the fact that the hydraulic power unit - and only this, not the hydromechanical fluid acted upon by it Converter - is housed in a flameproof enclosure, ie in such an encapsulation, which withstand the design occurring in an explosion of an accumulated inside the flameproof enclosure flammable gas pressure.
  • the present invention is directed to the consequences of a - quite to be considered - explosion in Minimize the immediate environment of the hydraulic unit, ie exclude harmful effects on the outside of the flameproof enclosure lying area.
  • the present invention makes use of the ignition protection "flameproof enclosure" according to the ATEX Directive 94/9 / EP.
  • the hydromechanical system according to the invention is not suggested by the knownness of this type of protection as such.
  • the present invention accepts the undesirable, counterproductive effect of a (in some cases massive) pressure drop of the hydraulic fluid flowing through the hydraulic lines in the area of the flame arresters in order to ensure the flameproof enclosure alone of the hydraulic unit (and, if necessary, further potential sources of ignition of the components) hydromechanical system, see below), ie without enabling the hydro-mechanical converter, in particular in order to minimize the space enclosed by the flameproof enclosure.
  • the present invention thus builds on the recognition that the subordination of flow-dynamic aspects which determine the efficiency of the hydromechanical system, ie the deliberate acceptance of a loss of hydraulic efficiency of the system, enables a particularly practicable execution of the explosion protection. For there are a number of practical advantages that can be achieved thereby of the hydromechanical system according to the invention, which distinguish it in a special way.
  • a first corresponding advantage is economic. Because the hydromechanical system according to the invention can be produced inexpensively, and also additional operating costs for the achievable explosion protection are not incurred. In that regard, in an explosion-proof hydromechanical system according to the invention things are in particular much cheaper as in the case of EP 1515041 A1 , according to which for the installation of a blower for the protective gas, corresponding pipelines and a pressure control, a significant system-related overhead arise and also there is a corresponding footprint. Also omitted in the invention required in the known explosion-proof hydromechanical system for the operation of the blower for the protective gas electrical power.
  • the hydromechanical system according to the invention is more reliable than that according to the EP 1515041 A1 ; because it requires no fan for the protective gas, which can potentially fail, with the result of a corresponding failure of the explosion protection.
  • the hydromechanical system according to the present invention can be realized with particular advantage where the supply (and optionally the removal) of an ignition protection gas is particularly costly and / or not economically feasible, ie in particular in decentralized applications where a large number of hydromechanical systems are distributed over an extensive plant.
  • the present invention of the recent - at least partially, in some areas of technology - existing tendency contrary to supply several hydromechanical transducers not, as in the past rather common to use a central hydraulic unit, but rather decentralized, consumer close or directly to the hydromechanical transducer (Hydraulic cylinder or the like.) Arranged hydraulic units.
  • Typical applications of the present invention are hydraulically actuated so far Flow through a flow line regulating valves in a variety of applications.
  • a first preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the flame arresters are arranged in the hydraulic lines substantially flush with the wall of the flameproof enclosure in the region of the respective passage of the respective hydraulic line.
  • Such an arrangement of the flame arresters is particularly favorable in view of the achievable explosion protection.
  • the flame arresters can be arranged in a suitable construction directly in a corresponding hole, in particular a stepped bore in the wall of the flameproof enclosure.
  • Particularly favorable is a disc-shaped design of the flame arrester, especially in the form of known as such wound tape backups.
  • the respective tape restraints are particularly preferably frontally on both sides edged by support grid discs.
  • the respective support grid discs prevent damage to the tape backups due to the prevailing significant pressure drop in the regular operation of the hydromechanical system through the hydraulic fluid flowing therethrough.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the hydraulic unit fills the volume of the flameproof enclosure at least 65%. Since in this development, in other words, a maximum of 35% of the volume of flameproof enclosure may contain an explosive gases, can be in typical applications of decentralized hydraulic units (power range less than about 1200 W electrical, more preferably less than about 900 W electric) at an explosion of a gas accumulated inside the pressure-resistant enclosure occurring pressures reliably dominate even with relatively small wall thicknesses.
  • a reservoir for hydraulic fluid is arranged outside of the pressure-resistant enclosure, which is fluidically connected to the - arranged within the flameproof enclosure - tank of the hydraulic unit via a flameproof enclosure passing hydraulic line, in which a flame arrester is inserted ,
  • the tank of the hydraulic unit can be made comparatively small (in particular with a capacity of less than one liter, preferably of about 0.7 l), which in turn has a favorable effect on the dimensions of the flameproof enclosure and thus on the required wall thickness.
  • An electric level sensor is only provided on the inside of the pressure-resistant enclosure arranged tank, not meanwhile arranged on the outside of the flameproof enclosure reservoir to avoid a potential ignition source outside the flameproof enclosure.
  • a hydraulic pressure accumulator is provided outside the flameproof enclosure, which is fluidically connected to the pressure side of the hydraulic pump via a hydraulic line passing through the flameproof enclosure into which a flame arrester is inserted.
  • the hydromechanical system according to the invention has electrically or electromechanically actuated valves, in particular in order to control the application of the hydro-mechanical converter, at least the electrical or electromechanical components of the relevant valves are arranged within the flameproof enclosure according to yet another preferred development of the present invention. Also contemplated is an arrangement of the respective valves in total, ie including the mechanical components, within the flameproof enclosure.
  • a particularly preferred development of the invention is characterized in that in a valve in a flow line with a flow-through housing and a flow control element adjustably mounted therein, on which a arranged on the housing hydraulic Actuator acts on the housing further an electric drive motor, a hydraulic pump driven by this and a tank comprehensive hydraulic unit is arranged, which is fluidically connected to the hydraulic adjusting drive via hydraulic lines, further wherein the hydraulic unit is completely surrounded by a flameproof enclosure and in the the flameproof enclosure penetrating hydraulic lines flame arresters are used.
  • Particular features of such a fitting can be deduced from the above-mentioned developments of the hydromechanical system according to the invention.
  • the contour of the shut-off plate 5 is on matched to the inner diameter of the housing to allow in the - on the plane of the drawing perpendicular locking position a tight closure of the flow line.
  • hydraulic adjusting 6 is provided to adjust the shut-off plate 5 is arranged on the housing 1 hydraulic adjusting 6 is provided.
  • This is designed as a hydromechanical transducer 7 by having a piston unit with two flanges 9 end-mounted on a piston rod 10, sealingly guided in associated cylinders 8, within a cylinder housing 47 flanged to the housing 1.
  • the two pistons 9 are double-acting, by delimiting in the respective associated cylinder 8 two hydraulic fluid acted upon by hydraulic fluid.
  • a double-acting design of the Hydromechanical transducer 7 comes if necessary (eg in fail-safe valves) and a simple design into consideration, in which case the piston can work, for example against a spring accumulator.
  • the guided in corresponding holes 48 of the cylinder housing 47 - piston rod 10 is executed in a central portion in the form of a rack 11 which meshes with a connected to the shaft 12 of the shut-off plate 5 gear 13.
  • the valve further comprises a decentralized, solely the actuation of the flow control element 3 of the relevant valve by appropriate application the hydraulic adjusting drive 6 serving hydraulic unit 14, which comprises an electric drive motor 15, a driven by this hydraulic pump 16 and a tank 17.
  • the valve shown comprises a - known as such - directional valve 19, which is connected in the hydraulic unit 14 with the hydraulic adjusting 6 fluidly connecting hydraulic lines 18 and by means of an electric linear drive 20 in the form of an attached to the valve housing 27 electromagnet in known as such Way in different positions is switchable. If the hydraulic unit is designed for reversing operation, in the simplest case, a directional control valve 19 having two switch positions is sufficient.
  • the hydraulic unit 14 and the directional control valve 19 together with the valve housing 27 and the linear drive 20 are completely surrounded by a flameproof enclosure 21.
  • This comprises a via an intermediate plate 51, which forms a line block, attached to the cylinder housing 47 base plate 49 and a screwed with this hood 50.
  • the hydraulic unit 18 hydraulically connecting the hydraulic unit 14 with the hydraulic adjustment 6 hydraulic lines 18 are guided through the intermediate plate 51.
  • the hydraulic lines 18 each penetrate in their area between the directional control valve 19 and the working spaces of the two cylinders 8 of the hydraulic adjusting drive 6, the wall 22 of the pressure-resistant enclosure 21. In these sections of the hydraulic lines Flame barriers used 23, flush with the wall 22 in question.
  • FIG Fig. 3 A preferred way of carrying out the flame arrestors 23 and installing or accommodating them in the respective hydraulic lines 18 is in FIG Fig. 3 illustrated.
  • the flame arresters 23 are disc-shaped, in the form of (wound) tape fences 24.
  • the front side of each tape backup 24 is enclosed on both sides by perforated support grid discs 25.
  • the package of band securing 24 and associated support grid discs 25 is in each case inserted into a stepped bore 26 of the wall 22 of the base plate 49 of the flameproof enclosure 21. It is held by the intermediate plate 51, which is flanged to the larger diameter portion 28 of the stepped bore 26, in abutment against the shoulder 29 of the stepped bore 26.
  • the valve housing 27 is flanged to the smaller diameter portion 31 of the stepped bore 26.
  • the stepped bore is in each case between the flange surface and the opposite surrounding end face of the wall 22 of the flameproof enclosure 21, a suitable annular seal 32 is provided.
  • a pressure-resistant or intrinsically safe terminal box 33 is arranged outside of one of the walls 22 of the base plate 49 of the flameproof enclosure 21, a pressure-resistant or intrinsically safe terminal box 33 is arranged. He takes the control 34 for the valve.
  • the necessary supply lines 35 and 36 for the electric drive motor 15 of the hydraulic unit 14 and the linear drive 20 are guided by a known as such explosion-proof cable bushing 37 into the interior of the flameproof enclosure 21.
  • signal and / or control lines in particular the signal line of a arranged on the tank 17 level sensor 38 and the signal line of the pressure on the pressure side of the hydraulic pump 16 detecting, attached to the valve housing pressure sensor 40.
  • signal or Control lines may, for example, relate to an actual value sensor for the position of the liner drive 20 or to an oil thermometer measuring the temperature of the hydraulic fluid.
  • the signal line of the position of the shut-off plate 5 detecting actual value can be moved outside the flameproof enclosure 21.
  • a reservoir 41 is provided, from which the tank 17 can be fed with hydraulic fluid.
  • the reservoir 41 with the tank 17 via a hydraulic line 42 which is passed through the intermediate plate 51 and the flameproof enclosure 21 passes through fluidly connected.
  • this hydraulic line 42 is in the above in detail described manner substantially flush with the wall 22 of the base plate 49 of the flameproof enclosure 21, a flame arrester 43 is inserted.
  • a hydraulic pressure accumulator 44 is arranged outside the pressure-resistant enclosure 21 outside the pressure-resistant enclosure 21 outside the pressure-resistant enclosure 21.
  • This is fluidically connected to the pressure side of the hydraulic pump 16 via a hydraulic line 45, which is passed through the intermediate plate 51, which is passed through the intermediate plate 51 and the pressure-resistant enclosure 21 passes through.
  • a flame arrester 46 is inserted in this hydraulic line 45 in the manner described above in detail substantially flush with the wall 22 of the base plate 49 of the flameproof enclosure 21, a flame arrester 46 is inserted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein hydromechanisches System, umfassend ein einen elektrischen Antriebsmotor, eine von diesem angetriebene Hydraulikpumpe und einen Tank umfassendes Hydraulikaggregat und einen insbesondere in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft zum Hydraulikaggregat angeordneten hydromechanischen Wandler, der mit dem Hydraulikaggregat über Hydraulikleitungen strömungstechnisch verbunden ist.The present invention relates to a hydromechanical system, comprising an electric drive motor, a hydraulic pump driven by the same, and a hydraulic unit comprising a tank and a hydromechanical converter, in particular in the immediate vicinity of the hydraulic unit, which is fluidically connected to the hydraulic unit via hydraulic lines.

Hydromechanische Systeme der vorstehend angegebenen Art sind in diversen Ausgestaltungen und Ausführungsformen bekannt. Sie sind insbesondere in Anwendungen im Einsatz, wo hohe Energiedichten erwünscht sind bzw. benötigt werden; denn die bei der Auslegung der einzelnen Komponenten des hydromechanischen Systems bestehende Flexibilität ermöglicht es, im Bedarfsfall entsprechende hydromechanische Systeme so zu konfigurieren, dass der hydromechanische Wandler selbst bei vergleichsweise kompakten Gesamtabmessungen des Systems hohe Kräfte bereitstellt. Insoweit sind hydromechanische Systeme der gattungsgemäßen Art, obwohl sie bei typischen Anwendungen ebenso wie elektromechanische Systeme lediglich einer elektrischen Versorgungsleitung von außen bedürfen, letzteren erheblich überlegen. Ein weiterer Vorteil der gattungsgemäßen hydromechanischen Systeme besteht in der Möglichkeit, diese besonders zuverlässig und/oder ausfallsicher zu gestalten; denn hydraulische Energie lässt sich mit geringem Aufwand verlustfrei speichern, so dass selbst bei Ausfall des Hydraulikaggregats (Motor-Pumpe-Einheit) ein Notfallbetrieb durch Beaufschlagung des hydromechanischen Wandlers aus dem betreffenden Hydraulikspeicher heraus möglich ist. Auch die Möglichkeit der verlustfreien Speicherung hydraulischer Energie in einem geeigneten Speicher (z.B. Hydraulikspeicher, Federspeicher, Gasfeder etc.) trägt im übrigen dazu bei, dass das Hydraulikaggregat entsprechend klein dimensioniert werden kann, namentlich in solchen Anwendungen, in denen der hydromechanische Wandler, gemessen an der für das Laden des Speichers mittels des Hydraulikaggregats zur Verfügung stehenden Zeit, nur vergleichsweise kurz betrieben wird.Hydromechanical systems of the type specified above are known in various embodiments and embodiments. They are particularly useful in applications where high energy densities are desired or needed; because the existing in the design of the individual components of the hydromechanical system flexibility makes it possible, if necessary, to configure corresponding hydromechanical systems so that the hydromechanical transducer provides high forces even with relatively compact overall dimensions of the system. In that regard, hydromechanical systems of the generic type, although they require in typical applications as well as electromechanical systems only an electrical supply line from the outside, the latter are considerably superior. Another advantage of the generic hydromechanical systems is the ability to make them particularly reliable and / or fail-safe; because hydraulic energy can be stored loss-free with little effort, so that even in case of failure of the hydraulic unit (motor-pump unit) an emergency operation by applying the hydromechanical transducer from the relevant hydraulic accumulator out is possible. Also the possibility of lossless storage of hydraulic energy in a suitable memory (eg hydraulic accumulator, spring accumulator, gas spring, etc.) also contributes to the fact that the hydraulic unit can be dimensioned correspondingly small, especially in those applications in which the hydromechanical transducer, measured on the for the loading of the memory by means of the hydraulic unit available time, is operated only comparatively short.

Auf sämtlichen Gebieten der Technik werden zunehmend strengere Sicherheitsanforderungen gestellt. Dies gilt auch für Anwendungen, in denen hydromechanische Systeme der gattungsgemäßen Art zum Einsatz kommen. Eine der Sicherheitsanforderungen von ständig steigender Bedeutung ist dabei der Explosionsschutz. Insoweit kommt, was die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft, zum Tragen, dass gattungsgemäße hydromechanische Systeme auch in explosionsgefährdeten Umgebungen eingesetzt werden können, beispielsweise in der Petrochemie oder in sonstigen Anlagen, in denen zumindest potentiell die Gefahr einer Ansammlung explosiver Gase bzw. Dämpfe besteht.Increasingly stringent safety requirements are being made in all areas of technology. This also applies to applications in which hydromechanical systems of the generic type are used. One of the safety requirements of ever-increasing importance is explosion protection. In that regard, as far as the present invention is concerned, generic hydromechanical systems can also be used in explosive environments, for example in the petrochemical industry or in other installations where there is at least potentially the risk of accumulation of explosive gases or vapors.

Vor dem vorstehend dargelegten Hintergrund ist bereits vorgeschlagen worden (vgl. EP 1515041 A1 ), ein einen Vorratsbehälter für Hydraulikflüssigkeit und eine Motor-Pumpe-Einheit umfassendes Hydraulikaggregat innerhalb einer Überdruckkapselung anzuordnen, der ständig über ein entsprechendes Gebläse unter Einhaltung eines bestimmten Überdrucks gegenüber der Umgebung ein Zündschutzgas zugeführt wird. Auf diese Weise wird im Sinne der Zündschutzart "Überdruckkapselung" gemäß ATEX-Richtlinie 94/9/EP verhindert, dass aus der Umgebung des Hydraulikaggregats, d.h. aus dem Gebäude, in dem dieses aufgestellt ist, zündfähige Gase bzw. Dämpfe zu einzelnen Komponenten des Hydraulikaggregats, welche potentielle Zündquellen darstellen können, gelangen. Auf diese Weise sollen sich im Interesse wirtschaftlich attraktiver Kosten für das Gasamtsystem preisgünstige Standard-Komponenten einsetzen lassen, die als solche keinen besonderen Explosionsschutzauflagen genügen.Against the background set out above, it has already been proposed (cf. EP 1515041 A1 ) to arrange a reservoir for hydraulic fluid and a motor-pump unit comprehensive hydraulic unit within a pressurized enclosure, which is constantly supplied via a corresponding fan while maintaining a certain overpressure to the environment an ignition protective gas. In this way, in the sense of the "overpressure encapsulation" type of protection according to the ATEX Directive 94/9 / EP, it is prevented from the environment of the hydraulic power unit, ie from the building in which this is set up, flammable gases or vapors to individual components of the hydraulic unit, which can represent potential ignition sources arrive. In this way, inexpensive standard components should be used in the interest of economically attractive costs for the gas station system, which as such do not meet any special explosion protection requirements.

Die vorliegende Erfindung zielt darauf ab, ein gattungsgemäßes hydromechanisches System bereitzustellen, das sich ohne Einschränkung gegenüber vergleichbaren, keinen Explosionsschutz aufweisenden hydromechanischen Systemen aufgrund eines besonders zuverlässigen konstruktiven Explosionsschutzes in Räumen, in denen ein erhöhtes Explosionsrisiko besteht, einsetzen lässt, wobei insbesondere auch andere praxisrelevante Gesichtspunkte berücksichtigt sind, beispielsweise indem die Kosten für Herstellung, Betrieb und Wartung das entsprechende explosionsgeschützte hydromechanische System nicht übermäßig gegenüber nicht explosionsgeschützten hydromechanischen Systemen gleicher Leistung verteuern sollen.The present invention aims to provide a generic hydromechanical system, which can be used without restriction to comparable, no explosion protection hydromechanical systems due to a particularly reliable structural explosion protection in rooms where there is an increased risk of explosion, in particular, other practical aspects are taken into account, for example by the cost of manufacture, operation and maintenance, the corresponding explosion-proof hydromechanical system should not be overly expensive compared to non-explosion-proof hydromechanical systems same performance.

Gelöst wird die vorstehend angegebene Aufgabenstellung, indem bei einem hydromechanischen System der gattungsgemäßen Art das Hydraulikaggregat vollständig von einer druckfesten Kapselung umgeben ist, wobei der hydromechanische Wandler außerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung angeordnet ist und in die die druckfeste Kapselung durchsetzenden Hydraulikleitungen Flammensperren eingesetzt sind. Erfindungsgemäße hydromechanische Systeme zeichnen sich somit mit anderen Worten dadurch aus, dass das Hydraulikaggregat - und zwar nur dieses, nicht indessen der von diesem beaufschlagte hydromechanische Wandler - in einer druckfesten Kapselung untergebracht ist, d.h. in einer solchen Kapselung, die bauartbedingt den bei einer Explosion eines im Inneren der druckfesten Kapselung angesammelten zündfähigen Gases auftretenden Drücken standhält. Anders, als dies für den Stand der Technik nach der EP 1515041 Al gilt, gemäß derer konstruktionsbedingt durch Zufuhr eines Schutzgases eine sich an einer Komponente des Hydraulikaggregats entzündende Explosion von in der Umgebung des Hydraulikaggregats angesammeltem zündfähigem Gas verhindert werden soll, ist die vorliegende Erfindung darauf gerichtet, die Folgen einer - durchaus in Betracht zu ziehenden - Explosion in der unmittelbaren Umgebung des Hydraulikaggregats zu minimieren, d.h. schädliche Auswirkungen auf den außerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung liegenden Bereich auszuschließen. Insoweit macht die vorliegende Erfindung Gebrauch von der zündschutzart "druckfeste Kapselung" gemäß der ATEX-Richtlinie 94/9/EP. Das erfindungsgemäße hydromechanische System ist allerdings durch das Bekanntsein dieser Zündschutzart als solches nicht nahegelegt. Bestenfalls wäre, wobei es auch hierfür an einer zielgerichteten Anregung fehlt, im Zusammenhang mit hydromechanischen Systemen der gattungsgemäßen Art ein die Zündschutzart der druckfesten Kapselung verfolgender Ansatz dergestalt denkbar, zur vermeidung von - nicht mechanisch verschlossenen und daher kontraproduktiven - Durchbrüchen in der druckfesten Kapselung, durch welche hindurch Hydraulikleitungen geführt werden, zusätzlich zu dem Hydraulikaggregat auch den von diesem beaufschlagten hydromechanischen Wandler in der druckfesten Kapselung unterzubringen. Gerade dies ist nach der vorligenden Erfindung indessen nicht vorgesehen. Vielmehr ist es für die vorliegende Erfindung gerade wesentlich, dass der hydromechanische Wandler außerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung angeordnet ist, wobei die druckfeste Kapselung durchaus nicht mechanisch verschlossene Durchbrüche aufweist, durch welche die den hydromechanischen Wandler mit dem Hydraulikaggregat verbindenden Hydraulikleitungen hindurchgeführt sind. Somit wird erfindungsgemäß zur Lösung der bestehenden Aufgabenstellung eine Maßnahme eingesetzt, die wegen der die druckfeste Kapselung durchsetzenden, den außerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung angeordneten hydromechanischen Wandler beaufschlagenden Hydraulikleitungen eigentlich und zunächst als ungeeignet für eine Realisierung bei hydromechanischen Systemen der gattungsgemäßen Art anzusehen ist. Insoweit ist gemäß den für die vorliegende Erfindung charakteristischen weiteren Merkmalen wesentlich, dass in den die druckfeste Kapselung durchsetzenden Hydraulikleitungen Flammensperren angeordnet sind. Nun sind Flammensperren als solche bekannt (vgl. z.B. DE 29815151 U1 ). Allerdings entsteht an ihnen bauartbedingt ein ganz erheblicher Druckabfall. Mag man dieses im Falle einer Kühlwasserleitung (vgl. DE 10152510 B4 ) als einen unerheblichen Nebeneffekt in Kauf nehmen, so liegen die Dinge bei den ein Hydraulikaggregat mit einem Verbraucher (hydromechanischen Wandler) verbindenden Hydraulikleitungen grundlegend anders. Denn hier kommt es gerade darauf an, die hydraulische Leistung des Hydraulikaggregats ungeschmälert an den Verbraucher bereitzustellen. Und namentlich die hohe Viskosität der gebräuchlichen Hydraulikfuide gebietet grundsätzlich, Hydraulikleitungen von sämtlichen strömungshindernden Einbauten oder sonstigen Gegebenheiten (Querschnittsveränderungen, scharfe Umlenkungen und dergleichen) freizuhalten. Gleichwohl sind erfindungsgemäß, und somit entgegen allen bestehenden Grundsätzen der Gestaltung hydromechanischer Systeme der gattungsgemäßen Art, in die betreffenden Hydraulikleitungen Flammensperren eingesetzt, welche im Falle einer Explosion innerhalb des von der druckfesten Kapselung umschlossenen Raums ein Austreten von Flammen durch die betreffenden Durchbrüche der druckfesten Kapselung hindurch in die Umgebung unterbinden. Die vorliegende Erfindung nimmt auf diese Weise den an sich unerwünschten, kontraproduktiven Effekt eines (zum Teil massiven) Druckabfalls des die Hydraulikleitungen durchströmenden Hydraulikfluids im Bereich der Flammensperren in Kauf, um die druckfeste Kapselung allein des Hydraulikaggregats (und ggfs. weiterer potentielle Zündquellen bildender Komponenten des hydromechanischen Systems, s.u.), d.h. ohne den hydromechanischen Wandler zu ermöglichen, insbesondere um den von der druckfesten Kapselung umschlossenen Raum zu minimieren. Die vorliegende Erfindung baut somit auf der Erkenntnis auf, dass die Unterordnung strömungsdynamischer, den Wirkungsgrad des hydromechanischen Systems bestimmender Aspekte, d.h. die bewusste Inkaufnahme einer Einbuße an hydraulischer Effizienz des Systems, eine besonders praxistaugliche Ausführung des Explosionsschutzes ermöglicht. Denn es gibt eine ganze Reihe hierdurch erzielbarer praxisrelevanter Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen hydromechanischen Systems, die dieses in besonderer Weise auszeichnen.The above-mentioned problem is solved by the hydraulic unit is completely surrounded by a pressure-resistant enclosure in a hydromechanical system of the generic type, wherein the hydromechanical converter is arranged outside the flameproof enclosure and in the flameproof enclosure passing through hydraulic lines flame arresters are used. In other words, hydromechanical systems according to the invention are distinguished by the fact that the hydraulic power unit - and only this, not the hydromechanical fluid acted upon by it Converter - is housed in a flameproof enclosure, ie in such an encapsulation, which withstand the design occurring in an explosion of an accumulated inside the flameproof enclosure flammable gas pressure. Other than this for the state of the art after the EP 1515041 A1 applies, according to the design by supplying a protective gas to a component of the hydraulic unit igniting an explosion of accumulated in the vicinity of the hydraulic unit ignitable gas is to be prevented, the present invention is directed to the consequences of a - quite to be considered - explosion in Minimize the immediate environment of the hydraulic unit, ie exclude harmful effects on the outside of the flameproof enclosure lying area. In that regard, the present invention makes use of the ignition protection "flameproof enclosure" according to the ATEX Directive 94/9 / EP. However, the hydromechanical system according to the invention is not suggested by the knownness of this type of protection as such. At best, which also lacks a purposeful stimulation for this, in connection with hydromechanical systems of the generic type, the type of protection of the flameproof enclosure would be conceivable in order to avoid breakthroughs in the flameproof enclosure, not mechanically closed and therefore counterproductive which are passed through hydraulic lines to accommodate in addition to the hydraulic unit and the acted upon by this hydromechanical transducer in the flameproof enclosure. However, this is not provided for by the present invention. Rather, it is just essential for the present invention that the hydro-mechanical converter is arranged outside the flameproof enclosure, wherein the flameproof enclosure has absolutely not mechanically closed openings through which the hydraulic lines connecting the hydromechanical converter with the hydraulic unit are passed. Thus, a measure is used according to the invention to solve the existing task, which is actually regarded as unsuitable for a realization in hydromechanical systems of the generic type because of the flameproof enclosure passing through the outside of the flameproof enclosure arranged hydromechanical transducer acting hydraulic lines. In that regard, it is essential according to the characteristics characteristic of the present invention that in the flameproof enclosure passing through hydraulic lines flame arresters are arranged. Now flame barriers are known as such (cf., eg DE 29815151 U1 ). However, due to their construction, a very considerable pressure drop occurs. If one likes this in the case of a cooling water line (cf. DE 10152510 B4 ) as a negligible side effect in purchasing, so are the things in a hydraulic unit with a consumer (hydromechanical converter) connecting hydraulic lines fundamentally different. Because here it is important to provide the hydraulic power of the hydraulic unit undiminished to the consumer. And in particular the high viscosity of the common Hydraulikfuide basically requires hydraulic lines of all flow-obstructing installations or other conditions (cross-sectional changes, sharp deflections and the like) to keep clear. Nevertheless, according to the invention, and thus contrary to all existing principles of design hydromechanical systems of the generic type, used in the relevant hydraulic lines flame arresters, which prevent in the event of an explosion within the space enclosed by the flameproof enclosure escape of flames through the relevant breakthroughs of flameproof enclosure into the environment. In this way, the present invention accepts the undesirable, counterproductive effect of a (in some cases massive) pressure drop of the hydraulic fluid flowing through the hydraulic lines in the area of the flame arresters in order to ensure the flameproof enclosure alone of the hydraulic unit (and, if necessary, further potential sources of ignition of the components) hydromechanical system, see below), ie without enabling the hydro-mechanical converter, in particular in order to minimize the space enclosed by the flameproof enclosure. The present invention thus builds on the recognition that the subordination of flow-dynamic aspects which determine the efficiency of the hydromechanical system, ie the deliberate acceptance of a loss of hydraulic efficiency of the system, enables a particularly practicable execution of the explosion protection. For there are a number of practical advantages that can be achieved thereby of the hydromechanical system according to the invention, which distinguish it in a special way.

Ein erster entsprechender Vorteil ist wirtschaftlicher Natur. Denn das erfindungsgemäße hydromechanische System lässt sich kostengünstig herstellen, und auch zusätzliche Betriebskosten für den erzielbaren Explosionsschutz fallen nicht an. Insoweit liegen bei einem erfindungsgemäßen explosionsgeschützten hydromechanischen System die Dinge insbesondere deutlich günstiger als im Falle der EP 1515041 Al , gemäß derer für die Installation eines Gebläses für das Zündschutzgas, entsprechende Rohrleitungen sowie eine Überdrucksteuerung ein erheblicher anlagentechnischer Mehraufwand entstehen und auch ein entsprechender Platzbedarf besteht. Auch entfällt bei der Erfindung die bei dem bekannten explosionsgeschützten hydromechanischen System für den Betrieb des Gebläses für das Zündschutzgas erforderliche elektrische Leistung. Zudem ist das erfindungsgemäße hydromechanische System zuverlässiger als jenes nach der EP 1515041 Al ; denn es bedarf keines Gebläses für das Zündschutzgas, welches potentiell versagen kann, mit der Folge eines entsprechenden Ausfalls des Explosionsschutzes. Indem das erfindungsgemäße hydromechanische System ohne Zufuhr eines Zündschutzgases auskommt, ist die vorliegende Erfindung mit besonders großem Vorteil insbesondere dort zu realisieren, wo die Zuführung (und gegebenenfalls die Abfuhr) eines Zündschutzgases mit besonders großem Aufwand verbunden und/oder nicht wirtschaftlich möglich wäre, d.h. insbesondere in dezentralen Anwendungen, bei denen über eine ausgedehnte Anlage eine Vielzahl hydromechanischer Systeme verteilt angeordnet sind.A first corresponding advantage is economic. Because the hydromechanical system according to the invention can be produced inexpensively, and also additional operating costs for the achievable explosion protection are not incurred. In that regard, in an explosion-proof hydromechanical system according to the invention things are in particular much cheaper as in the case of EP 1515041 A1 , according to which for the installation of a blower for the protective gas, corresponding pipelines and a pressure control, a significant system-related overhead arise and also there is a corresponding footprint. Also omitted in the invention required in the known explosion-proof hydromechanical system for the operation of the blower for the protective gas electrical power. In addition, the hydromechanical system according to the invention is more reliable than that according to the EP 1515041 A1 ; because it requires no fan for the protective gas, which can potentially fail, with the result of a corresponding failure of the explosion protection. By eliminating the supply of an ignition protection gas, the hydromechanical system according to the present invention can be realized with particular advantage where the supply (and optionally the removal) of an ignition protection gas is particularly costly and / or not economically feasible, ie in particular in decentralized applications where a large number of hydromechanical systems are distributed over an extensive plant.

Insoweit kommt die vorliegende Erfindung der in jüngerer Zeit - zumindest teilweise, auf einigen Gebieten der Technik - bestehenden Tendenz entgegen, zur Versorgung mehrerer hydromechanischer Wandler nicht, wie früher eher üblich, ein zentrales Hydraulikaggregat einzusetzen, sondern vielmehr dezentrale, verbrauchernah beziehungsweise direkt am hydromechanischen Wandler (Hydraulikzylinder oder dergl.) angeordnete Hydraulikaggregate. Typische Anwendungsfälle der vorliegenden Erfindung sind insoweit hydraulisch betätigte, den Durchfluss durch eine Strömungsleitung regelnde Armaturen in vielfältigen Anwendungen. Insoweit sind im Stand der Technik insbesondere zur Integration in eine Strömungsleitung bestimmte Armaturen mit einem durchströmbaren Gehäuse und einem darin verstellbar gelagerten Durchflussregelelement bekannt, auf welches ein an dem Gehäuse angeordneter hydraulischer Verstellantrieb (hydromechanischer Wandler) wirkt, wobei direkt an dem Gehäuse (oder ggfs. auch getrennt hiervon) weiterhin ein einen elektrischen Antriebsmotor, eine von diesem angetriebene Hydraulikpumpe und einen Tank umfassendes Hydraulikaggregat angeordnet ist, welches mit dem hydraulischen Verstellantrieb über Hydraulikleitungen strömungstechnisch verbunden ist.In that regard, the present invention of the recent - at least partially, in some areas of technology - existing tendency contrary to supply several hydromechanical transducers not, as in the past rather common to use a central hydraulic unit, but rather decentralized, consumer close or directly to the hydromechanical transducer (Hydraulic cylinder or the like.) Arranged hydraulic units. Typical applications of the present invention are hydraulically actuated so far Flow through a flow line regulating valves in a variety of applications. In that regard, in the prior art, in particular for integration into a flow line certain fittings with a flow-through housing and a flow control element adjustably mounted therein known, on which a arranged on the housing hydraulic adjustment (hydromechanical transducer) acts, being directly to the housing (or possibly. Also separated therefrom) further comprising an electric drive motor, a hydraulic pump driven by this and a hydraulic unit comprising a tank is arranged, which is fluidically connected to the hydraulic adjusting drive via hydraulic lines.

Eine erste bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Flammensperren in den Hydraulikleitungen im wesentlichen bündig mit der Wand der druckfesten Kapselung im Bereich des jeweiligen Durchtritts der betreffenden Hydraulikleitung angeordnet sind. Eine solche Anordnung der Flammensperren ist im Hinblick auf den erzielbaren Explosionsschutz besonders günstig. Die Flammensperren können dabei bei einer geeigneten Bauweise unmittelbar in einer entsprechenden Bohrung, insbesondere einer Stufenbohrung in der Wand der druckfesten Kapselung angeordnet sein. Besonders günstig ist dabei eine scheibenförmig Ausführung der Flammensperren, insbesondere in Form von als solches bekannten gewickelten Bandsicherungen.A first preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the flame arresters are arranged in the hydraulic lines substantially flush with the wall of the flameproof enclosure in the region of the respective passage of the respective hydraulic line. Such an arrangement of the flame arresters is particularly favorable in view of the achievable explosion protection. The flame arresters can be arranged in a suitable construction directly in a corresponding hole, in particular a stepped bore in the wall of the flameproof enclosure. Particularly favorable is a disc-shaped design of the flame arrester, especially in the form of known as such wound tape backups.

Sind die Flammensperren gemäß der vorstehend erläuterten Weiterbildung scheibenförmig in Form von Bandsicherungen ausgeführt, so sind die betreffenden Bandsicherungen besonders bevorzugt stirnseitig beidseitig durch Stützgitterscheiben eingefasst. Die betreffenden Stützgitterscheiben unterbinden eine Beschädigung der Bandsicherungen aufgrund des an ihnen herrschenden erheblichen Druckabfalls beim regulären Betrieb des hydromechanischen Systems durch das durch sie hindurch strömende Hydraulikfluid.If the flame arrestors according to the development described above are disc-shaped in the form of tape restraints, the respective tape restraints are particularly preferably frontally on both sides edged by support grid discs. The respective support grid discs prevent damage to the tape backups due to the prevailing significant pressure drop in the regular operation of the hydromechanical system through the hydraulic fluid flowing therethrough.

Eine andere bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass das Hydraulikaggregat das Volumen der druckfesten Kapselung mindestens zu 65% ausfüllt. Da bei dieser Weiterbildung, mit anderen Worten, maximal 35% des Volumens der druckfesten Kapselung ein explosives Gasen enthalten können, lassen sich bei typischen Anwendungsfällen dezentraler Hydraulikaggregate (Leistungsbereich kleiner als etwa 1200 W elektrisch, besonders bevorzugt kleiner als etwa 900 W elektrisch) die bei einer Explosion eines im Inneren der druckfesten Kapselung angesammelten Gases auftretenden Drücke auch mit vergleichsweise geringen Wandstärken sicher beherrschen.Another preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the hydraulic unit fills the volume of the flameproof enclosure at least 65%. Since in this development, in other words, a maximum of 35% of the volume of flameproof enclosure may contain an explosive gases, can be in typical applications of decentralized hydraulic units (power range less than about 1200 W electrical, more preferably less than about 900 W electric) at an explosion of a gas accumulated inside the pressure-resistant enclosure occurring pressures reliably dominate even with relatively small wall thicknesses.

Gemäß einer abermals anderen bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist außerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung ein Vorratsbehälter für Hydraulikflüssigkeit angeordnet, der mit dem - innerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung angeordneten - Tank des Hydraulikaggregats über eine die druckfeste Kapselung durchsetzende Hydraulikleitung, in welche eine Flammensperre eingesetzt ist, strömungstechnisch verbunden ist. Der Tank des Hydraulikaggregats kann dementsprechend vergleichsweise klein (insbesondere mit einem Fassungsvermögen von weniger als einem Liter, bevorzugt von etwa 0,7 1) ausgeführt sein, was sich hinwiederum günstig auswirkt auf die Abmessungen der druckfesten Kapselung und somit auf die erforderliche Wandstärke. Ein elektrischer Füllstandssensor ist dabei nur an dem innerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung angeordneten Tank, nicht indessen an dem außerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung angeordneten Vorratsbehälter vorgesehen, um außerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung eine potentielle Zündquelle zu vermeiden.According to yet another preferred embodiment of the invention, a reservoir for hydraulic fluid is arranged outside of the pressure-resistant enclosure, which is fluidically connected to the - arranged within the flameproof enclosure - tank of the hydraulic unit via a flameproof enclosure passing hydraulic line, in which a flame arrester is inserted , Accordingly, the tank of the hydraulic unit can be made comparatively small (in particular with a capacity of less than one liter, preferably of about 0.7 l), which in turn has a favorable effect on the dimensions of the flameproof enclosure and thus on the required wall thickness. An electric level sensor is only provided on the inside of the pressure-resistant enclosure arranged tank, not meanwhile arranged on the outside of the flameproof enclosure reservoir to avoid a potential ignition source outside the flameproof enclosure.

Weiterhin ist gemäß einer abermals anderen bevorzugten Weiterbildung der vorliegenden Erfindung außerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung ein hydraulischer Druckspeicher vorgesehen, die mit der Druckseite der Hydraulikpumpe über eine die druckfeste Kapselung durchsetzende Hydraulikleitung, in welche eine Flammensperre eingesetzt ist, strömungstechnisch verbunden ist. Eine solche Anordnung des Druckspeichers folgt die Erkenntnis, dass ein hydraulischer Druckspeicher keine potentielle Zündquelle darstellt, so dass er im Interesse einer möglichst kleinen, kompakten druckfesten Kapselung ohne Einbuße an Sicherheit außerhalb dieser angeordnet sein kann.Furthermore, according to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a hydraulic pressure accumulator is provided outside the flameproof enclosure, which is fluidically connected to the pressure side of the hydraulic pump via a hydraulic line passing through the flameproof enclosure into which a flame arrester is inserted. Such an arrangement of the pressure accumulator follows the recognition that a hydraulic pressure accumulator does not constitute a potential source of ignition, so that it can be arranged in the interest of the smallest possible, compact flameproof enclosure without loss of security outside of this.

Weist das erfindungsgemäße hydromechanische System elektrisch bzw. elektromechanisch betätigte Ventile auf, insbesondere um die Beaufschlagung des hydromechanischen Wandlers zu steuern, so sind gemäß einer wiederum anderen bevorzugten Weiterbildung der vorliegenden Erfindung zumindest die elektrischen bzw. elektromechanischen Komponenten der betreffenden Ventile innerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung angeordnet. In Betracht kommt auch eine Anordnung der betreffenden Ventile insgesamt, d.h. einschließlich der mechanischen Komponenten, innerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung.If the hydromechanical system according to the invention has electrically or electromechanically actuated valves, in particular in order to control the application of the hydro-mechanical converter, at least the electrical or electromechanical components of the relevant valves are arranged within the flameproof enclosure according to yet another preferred development of the present invention. Also contemplated is an arrangement of the respective valves in total, ie including the mechanical components, within the flameproof enclosure.

Im Sinne einer weiter oben bereits angesprochenen Anwendung im Zusammenhang mit dezentralen Armaturen zeichnet sich eine besonders bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung dadurch aus, dass bei einer Armatur in einer Strömungsleitung mit einem durchströmbaren Gehäuse und einem darin verstellbar gelagerten Durchflussregelelement, auf welches ein an dem Gehäuse angeordneter hydraulischer Verstellantrieb wirkt, an dem Gehäuse weiterhin ein einen elektrischen Antriebsmotor, eine von diesem angetriebene Hydraulikpumpe und einen Tank umfassendes Hydraulikaggregat angeordnet ist, welches mit dem hydraulischen Verstellantrieb über Hydraulikleitungen strömungstechnisch verbunden ist, wobei ferner das Hydraulikaggregat vollständig von einer druckfesten Kapselung umgeben ist und in die die druckfeste Kapselung durchsetzenden Hydraulikleitungen Flammensperren eingesetzt sind. Besondere Merkmale einer solchen Armatur sind aus den vorstehend erläuterten Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen hydromechanischen Systems herleitbar.In terms of a previously mentioned application in connection with decentralized valves, a particularly preferred development of the invention is characterized in that in a valve in a flow line with a flow-through housing and a flow control element adjustably mounted therein, on which a arranged on the housing hydraulic Actuator acts on the housing further an electric drive motor, a hydraulic pump driven by this and a tank comprehensive hydraulic unit is arranged, which is fluidically connected to the hydraulic adjusting drive via hydraulic lines, further wherein the hydraulic unit is completely surrounded by a flameproof enclosure and in the the flameproof enclosure penetrating hydraulic lines flame arresters are used. Particular features of such a fitting can be deduced from the above-mentioned developments of the hydromechanical system according to the invention.

Im folgenden wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt

Fig. 1
in schematischer Ansicht ein erfindungsgemäß ausgeführtes hydromechanisches System in Form einer Armatur in einer Strömungsleitung,
Fig. 2
in vergrößerter Darstellung einen Teilbereich der Armatur nach Anspruch 1 und
Fig. 3
ein Detail der Armatur nach den Fig. 1 und 2 im Bereich der Durchführung einer Hydraulik- leitung durch die druckfeste Kapselung.
In the following the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a preferred embodiment shown in the drawing. It shows
Fig. 1
a schematic view of a hydromechanical system according to the invention in the form of a valve in a flow line,
Fig. 2
in an enlarged view a portion of the fitting according to claim 1 and
Fig. 3
a detail of the fitting after the Fig. 1 and 2 in the area of carrying a hydraulic line through the flameproof enclosure.

Die in Fig. 1 der Zeichnung abgebildete, zur Integration in eine Strömungsleitung bestimmte Armatur umfasst ein durchströmbares Gehäuse 1 mit zwei endseitigen Flanschen 2 und ein in dem Gehäuse 1 verstellbar gelagertes Durchflussregelelement 3 in Form einer um die Achse 4 drehbar gelagerten Absperrplatte 5. Die Kontur der Absperrplatte 5 ist auf den Innendurchmesser des Gehäuses abgestimmt, um in der - auf der Zeichnungsebene senkrecht stehenden - Sperrstellung einen dichten Verschluss der Strömungsleitung zu ermöglichen. Zur Verstellung der Absperrplatte 5 ist ein an dem Gehäuse 1 angeordneter hydraulischer Verstellantrieb 6 vorgesehen. Dieser ist als hydromechanischer Wandler 7 ausgeführt, indem er innerhalb eines an das Gehäuse 1 angeflanschten Zylindergehäuses 47 eine Kolbeneinheit mit zwei endseitig an einer Kolbenstange 10 angeordneten, in zugeordneten Zylindern 8 dichtend geführten Kolben 9 aufweist. Die beiden Kolben 9 sind doppeltwirkend, indem sie in dem jeweils zugeordneten Zylinder 8 zwei mit Hydraulikfluid beaufschlagbare hydraulische Arbeitsräume abgrenzen. Statt einer doppeltwirkenden Ausführung des Hydromechanischen Wandlers 7 kommt bei Bedarf (z.B. bei fail-safe-Armaturen) auch eine einfache Ausführung in Betracht, wobei in diesem Falle der Kolben beispielsweise gegen einen Federspeicher arbeiten kann. Die - in entsprechenden Bohrungen 48 des Zylindergehäuses 47 geführte - Kolbenstange 10 ist in einem mittleren Abschnitt in Form einer Zahnstange 11 ausgeführt, welche mit einem mit der Welle 12 der Absperrplatte 5 verbundenen Zahnrad 13 kämmt.In the Fig. 1 the drawing shown, intended for integration into a flow line fitting comprises a flow-through housing 1 with two end flanges 2 and an adjustable mounted in the housing 1 flow control element 3 in the form of a rotatably mounted about the axis 4 shut-off 5. The contour of the shut-off plate 5 is on matched to the inner diameter of the housing to allow in the - on the plane of the drawing perpendicular locking position a tight closure of the flow line. To adjust the shut-off plate 5 is arranged on the housing 1 hydraulic adjusting 6 is provided. This is designed as a hydromechanical transducer 7 by having a piston unit with two flanges 9 end-mounted on a piston rod 10, sealingly guided in associated cylinders 8, within a cylinder housing 47 flanged to the housing 1. The two pistons 9 are double-acting, by delimiting in the respective associated cylinder 8 two hydraulic fluid acted upon by hydraulic fluid. Instead of a double-acting design of the Hydromechanical transducer 7 comes if necessary (eg in fail-safe valves) and a simple design into consideration, in which case the piston can work, for example against a spring accumulator. The guided in corresponding holes 48 of the cylinder housing 47 - piston rod 10 is executed in a central portion in the form of a rack 11 which meshes with a connected to the shaft 12 of the shut-off plate 5 gear 13.

Die Armatur umfasst weiterhin ein dezentrales, allein der Betätigung des Durchflussregelelements 3 der betreffenden Armatur durch entsprechende Beaufschlagung des hydraulischen Verstellantriebs 6 dienendes Hydraulikaggregat 14, welches einen elektrischen Antriebsmotor 15, eine von diesem angetriebene Hydraulikpumpe 16 und einen Tank 17 umfasst. Weiterhin umfasst die gezeigte Armatur ein - als solches bekanntes - Wegeventil 19, welches in die das Hydraulikaggregat 14 mit dem hydraulischen Verstellantrieb 6 strömungstechnisch verbindenden Hydraulikleitungen 18 geschaltet ist und mittels eines elektrischen Linearantriebs 20 in Form eines an das Ventilgehäuse 27 angesetzten Elektromagneten in als solches bekannter Weise in unterschiedliche Stellungen schaltbar ist. Ist das Hydraulikaggregat für einen Reversierbetrieb ausgelegt, genügt im einfachsten Fall ein zwei Schaltstellungen aufweisendes Wegeventil 19. Im Bedarfsfalle können indessen auch mehrere solcher Ventile vorgesehen und/oder Wegeventile mit mehr als zwei Schaltstellungen vorgesehen sein. In dem vorstehend dargelegten Umfang orientiert sich die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Armatur an dem Stand der Technik, so dass es insoweit weiterer Erläuterungen nicht bedarf.The valve further comprises a decentralized, solely the actuation of the flow control element 3 of the relevant valve by appropriate application the hydraulic adjusting drive 6 serving hydraulic unit 14, which comprises an electric drive motor 15, a driven by this hydraulic pump 16 and a tank 17. Furthermore, the valve shown comprises a - known as such - directional valve 19, which is connected in the hydraulic unit 14 with the hydraulic adjusting 6 fluidly connecting hydraulic lines 18 and by means of an electric linear drive 20 in the form of an attached to the valve housing 27 electromagnet in known as such Way in different positions is switchable. If the hydraulic unit is designed for reversing operation, in the simplest case, a directional control valve 19 having two switch positions is sufficient. If required, however, it is also possible to provide a plurality of such valves and / or to provide directional control valves with more than two switch positions. In the scope set out above, the fitting shown in the drawing is based on the prior art, so that it does not need further explanation insofar.

Das Hydraulikaggregat 14 sowie das Wegeventil 19 samt Ventilgehäuse 27 und Linearantrieb 20 sind vollständig von einer druckfesten Kapselung 21 umgeben. Diese umfasst eine über eine Zwischenplatte 51, welchen einen Leitungsblock bildet, an dem Zylindergehäuse 47 angebrachte Grundplatte 49 und eine mit dieser verschraubte Haube 50. Die das Hydraulikaggregat 14 mit dem hydraulischen Verstellantrieb 6 strömungstechnisch verbindenden Hydraulikleitungen 18 werden dabei durch die Zwischenplatte 51 geführt. Durch eine entsprechende Ausführung insbesondere über geeignete Materialwahl und Wandstärken der Wände 22 sowie eine geeignete Ausführung der die Haube 50 mit der Grundplatte 49 verbindenden Verschraubung entspricht die druckfeste Kapselung 21 den in der ATEX-Richtlinie 994/9/EP und weiteren gesetzlichen Bestimmungen und Normen niedergelegten Anforderungen. Der hydraulische Verstellantrieb 6 befindet sich außerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung 21. Demgemäß durchdringen die Hydraulikleitungen 18 jeweils in ihrem Bereich zwischen dem Wegeventil 19 und den Arbeitsräumen der beiden Zylinder 8 des hydraulischen Verstellantriebs 6 die Wand 22 der druckfesten Kapselung 21. In diese Abschnitte der Hydraulikleitungen sind Flammensperren 23 eingesetzt, und zwar bündig mit der betreffenden Wand 22.The hydraulic unit 14 and the directional control valve 19 together with the valve housing 27 and the linear drive 20 are completely surrounded by a flameproof enclosure 21. This comprises a via an intermediate plate 51, which forms a line block, attached to the cylinder housing 47 base plate 49 and a screwed with this hood 50. The hydraulic unit 18 hydraulically connecting the hydraulic unit 14 with the hydraulic adjustment 6 hydraulic lines 18 are guided through the intermediate plate 51. By an appropriate design in particular on suitable choice of material and wall thickness of the walls 22 and a suitable design the gland connecting the hood 50 to the base plate 49 corresponds to the flameproof enclosure 21 to the requirements set out in the ATEX Directive 994/9 / EP and other legal provisions and standards. Accordingly, the hydraulic lines 18 each penetrate in their area between the directional control valve 19 and the working spaces of the two cylinders 8 of the hydraulic adjusting drive 6, the wall 22 of the pressure-resistant enclosure 21. In these sections of the hydraulic lines Flame barriers used 23, flush with the wall 22 in question.

Eine bevorzugte Möglichkeit, wie die Flammensperren 23 auszuführen und in die betreffenden Hydraulikleitungen 18 einzubauen bzw. in ihnen unterzubringen sind, ist in Fig. 3 veranschaulicht. Demnach sind die Flammensperren 23 scheibenförmig ausgeführt, und zwar in Form von (gewickelten) Bandsicherungen 24. Stirnseitig ist die jeweilige Bandsicherung 24 beidseitig durch gelochte Stützgitterscheiben 25 eingefasst. Das Paket aus Bandsicherung 24 und zugeordneten Stützgitterscheiben 25 ist jeweils in eine Stufenbohrung 26 der Wand 22 der Grundplatte 49 der druckfesten Kapselung 21 eingesetzt. Es wird durch die Zwischenplatte 51, die an den den größeren Durchmesser aufweisenden Abschnitt 28 der Stufenbohrung 26 geflanscht ist, in Anlage an dem Absatz 29 der Stufenbohrung 26 gehalten. Das Ventilgehäuse 27 ist an den den kleineren Durchmesser aufweisenden Abschnitt 31 der Stufenbohrung 26 geflanscht. Bei beiden geflanschten Teilen, nämlich der Zwischenplatte 51 und dem Ventilgehäuse 27, ist jeweils zwischen der Flanschfläche und der gegenüberliegenden, die Stufenbohrung 26 umgebenden Stirnfläche der Wand 22 der druckfesten Kapselung 21 eine geeignete Ringdichtung 32 vorgesehen.A preferred way of carrying out the flame arrestors 23 and installing or accommodating them in the respective hydraulic lines 18 is in FIG Fig. 3 illustrated. Accordingly, the flame arresters 23 are disc-shaped, in the form of (wound) tape fences 24. The front side of each tape backup 24 is enclosed on both sides by perforated support grid discs 25. The package of band securing 24 and associated support grid discs 25 is in each case inserted into a stepped bore 26 of the wall 22 of the base plate 49 of the flameproof enclosure 21. It is held by the intermediate plate 51, which is flanged to the larger diameter portion 28 of the stepped bore 26, in abutment against the shoulder 29 of the stepped bore 26. The valve housing 27 is flanged to the smaller diameter portion 31 of the stepped bore 26. In both flanged parts, namely the intermediate plate 51 and the valve housing 27, the stepped bore is in each case between the flange surface and the opposite surrounding end face of the wall 22 of the flameproof enclosure 21, a suitable annular seal 32 is provided.

Außen an einer der Wände 22 der Grundplatte 49 der druckfesten Kapselung 21 ist ein druckfester oder eigensicherer Klemmkasten 33 angeordnet. Er nimmt die Steuerung 34 für die Armatur auf. Die hierzu erforderlichen Versorgungsleitungen 35 bzw. 36 für den elektrischen Antriebsmotor 15 des Hydraulikaggregats 14 sowie den Linearantrieb 20 sind dabei durch eine als solches bekannte explosionsgeschützte Kabeldurchführung 37 in das Innere der druckfesten Kapselung 21 hineingeführt. Das selbe gilt für Signal- und/oder Steuerleitungen, wie insbesondere die Signalleitung eines an dem Tank 17 angeordneten Füllstandssensors 38 und die Signalleitung eines den Druck auf der Druckseite der Hydraulikpumpe 16 erfassenden, an das Ventilgehäuse angesetzten Drucksensors 40. Weitere solcher Signal- bzw. Steuerleitungen können beispielsweise einen Istwertaufnehmer für die Stellung des Linerantriebs 20 oder ein die Temperatur der Hydraulikflüssigkeit messendes Ölthermometer betreffen. Die Signalleitung eines die Stellung der Absperrplatte 5 erfassenden Istwertaufnehmers kann indessen außerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung 21 verlegt werden.Outside of one of the walls 22 of the base plate 49 of the flameproof enclosure 21, a pressure-resistant or intrinsically safe terminal box 33 is arranged. He takes the control 34 for the valve. The necessary supply lines 35 and 36 for the electric drive motor 15 of the hydraulic unit 14 and the linear drive 20 are guided by a known as such explosion-proof cable bushing 37 into the interior of the flameproof enclosure 21. The same applies to signal and / or control lines, in particular the signal line of a arranged on the tank 17 level sensor 38 and the signal line of the pressure on the pressure side of the hydraulic pump 16 detecting, attached to the valve housing pressure sensor 40. Further such signal or Control lines may, for example, relate to an actual value sensor for the position of the liner drive 20 or to an oil thermometer measuring the temperature of the hydraulic fluid. The signal line of the position of the shut-off plate 5 detecting actual value, however, can be moved outside the flameproof enclosure 21.

Außerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung 21 ist ein vorratsbehälter 41 vorgesehen, aus dem heraus der Tank 17 mit Hydraulikflüssigkeit gespeist werden kann. Hierzu ist der Vorratsbehälter 41 mit dem Tank 17 über eine Hydraulikleitung 42, welche durch die Zwischenplatte 51 hindurchgeführt ist und die druckfeste Kapselung 21 durchsetzt, strömungstechnisch verbunden. In diese Hydraulikleitung 42 ist in der weiter oben im einzelnen beschriebenen Weise im wesentlichen bündig mit der Wand 22 der Grundplatte 49 der druckfesten Kapselung 21 eine Flammensperre 43 eingesetzt.Outside the flameproof enclosure 21, a reservoir 41 is provided, from which the tank 17 can be fed with hydraulic fluid. For this purpose, the reservoir 41 with the tank 17 via a hydraulic line 42 which is passed through the intermediate plate 51 and the flameproof enclosure 21 passes through fluidly connected. In this hydraulic line 42 is in the above in detail described manner substantially flush with the wall 22 of the base plate 49 of the flameproof enclosure 21, a flame arrester 43 is inserted.

Weiterhin ist außerhalb der druckfesten Kapselung 21 ein hydraulischer Druckspeicher 44 angeordnet. Dieser ist mit der Druckseite der Hydraulikpumpe 16 über eine Hydraulikleitung 45, welche durch die Zwischenplatte 51 hindurchgeführt ist, welche durch die Zwischenplatte 51 hindurchgeführt ist und die druckfeste Kapselung 21 durchsetzt, strömungstechnisch verbunden. In diese Hydraulikleitung 45 ist in der weiter oben im einzelnen beschriebenen Weise im wesentlichen bündig mit der Wand 22 der Grundplatte 49 der druckfesten Kapselung 21 eine Flammensperre 46 eingesetzt.Furthermore, outside the pressure-resistant enclosure 21, a hydraulic pressure accumulator 44 is arranged. This is fluidically connected to the pressure side of the hydraulic pump 16 via a hydraulic line 45, which is passed through the intermediate plate 51, which is passed through the intermediate plate 51 and the pressure-resistant enclosure 21 passes through. In this hydraulic line 45 is in the manner described above in detail substantially flush with the wall 22 of the base plate 49 of the flameproof enclosure 21, a flame arrester 46 is inserted.

Claims (12)

  1. A hydromechanical system, comprising a hydraulic unit (14) comprising an electric drive motor (15), a hydraulic pump (16) driven by the latter, and a tank (17), and a hydromechanical converter (7) arranged in particular in the immediate vicinity of the hydraulic unit, which converter is fluidically connected with the hydraulic unit via hydraulic lines (18),
    characterized in that
    the hydraulic unit (14) is completely surrounded by a pressure-resistant enclosure (21), wherein the hydromechanical converter (7) is arranged outside the pressure-resistant enclosure and flame barriers (23) are inserted into the hydraulic lines (18) penetrating the pressure-resistant enclosure.
  2. The hydromechanical system according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the flame barriers (23) are arranged in the hydraulic lines (18) substantially flush with the wall (22) of the pressure-resistant enclosure (21) in the region of the respective passage of the respective hydraulic line.
  3. The hydromechanical system according to Claim 1 or Claim 2,
    characterized in that
    the flame barriers (23) are embodied in disc shape.
  4. The hydromechanical system according to Claim 3,
    characterized in that
    the flame barriers (23) are embodied as strip protections (24).
  5. The hydromechanical system according to Claim 3 or Claim 4,
    characterized in that
    the strip protections (24) are enclosed on the face side by supporting lattice discs (25).
  6. The hydromechanical system according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the hydraulic unit (14) fills the volume of the pressure-resistant enclosure (21) at least to 65%.
  7. The hydromechanical system according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    a storage container (41) is provided, arranged outside the pressure-resistant enclosure (21), which storage container is fluidically connected with the tank (17) via a hydraulic line (42), penetrating the pressure-resistant enclosure, into which hydraulic line a flame barrier (43) is inserted.
  8. The hydromechanical system according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that
    a hydraulic pressure accumulator (44) is provided, arranged outside the pressure-resistant enclosure (21), which pressure accumulator is fluidically connected with the pressure side of the hydraulic pump (16) via a hydraulic line (45) penetrating the pressure-resistant enclosure, into which hydraulic line a flame barrier (46) is inserted.
  9. The hydromechanical system according to one of Claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that
    it has electrically or respectively electromechanically actuated valves (19), to which at least the electrical or respectively electromechanical components are arranged within the pressure-resistant enclosure (21) .
  10. The hydromechanical system according to one of Claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    the nominal output of the electric drive motor (15) is a maximum of 1.200 W.
  11. The hydromechanical system according to one of Claims 1 to 10,
    characterized in that
    the hydromechanical converter (7) comprises a cylinder housing (47), which is connected at least partially directly with the pressure-resistant enclosure (21).
  12. The hydromechanical system according to one of Claims 1 to 11,
    characterized in that
    the hydromechanical converter (7) comprises a cylinder housing which is connected with the pressure-resistant enclosure (21) at least partially via an intercalated intermediate plate (51), in which the hydraulic lines (18) run.
EP20090003428 2008-03-15 2009-03-10 Hydromechanical system Active EP2101061B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008014539A DE102008014539A1 (en) 2008-03-15 2008-03-15 Hydromechanical system

Publications (2)

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EP2101061A1 EP2101061A1 (en) 2009-09-16
EP2101061B1 true EP2101061B1 (en) 2013-09-18

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DE (1) DE102008014539A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11852152B2 (en) 2019-10-07 2023-12-26 The Gorman-Rupp Company Pin vent assembly

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010007152B4 (en) * 2010-02-05 2017-03-30 Hoerbiger Automatisierungstechnik Holding Gmbh Fluid operated actuator on a valve
DE102010007137A1 (en) 2010-02-05 2011-08-11 Hoerbiger Automatisierungstechnik Holding GmbH, 86956 Fluid operated actuator on a valve
DE102013007927B4 (en) 2013-05-10 2014-12-24 Hoerbiger Automatisierungstechnik Holding Gmbh drive unit
WO2016210397A1 (en) * 2015-06-25 2016-12-29 Tescom Corporation Non-inert gas certified electronic controller
DE102017206596A1 (en) * 2017-04-19 2018-10-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electrohydraulic system for underwater use with an electrohydraulic actuator
DE102018217150A1 (en) 2018-10-08 2020-04-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydraulic system for use under water with a hydraulic actuator
ES1275815Y (en) * 2019-01-04 2021-10-27 4 Mc POWER BLOCK FOR THE OPERATION OF A VALVE PLUG
DE102021200100A1 (en) * 2021-01-08 2022-07-14 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Hydraulic gear unit, especially for deep sea applications

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29815151U1 (en) * 1998-08-24 1998-10-29 ASF THOMAS Industries GmbH, 82178 Puchheim Flame arrester for liquid and / or gas lines
DE10152510B4 (en) * 2001-10-18 2004-09-23 Bartec Sicherheits-Schaltanlagen Gmbh Protective housing for electrical equipment
DE10341425A1 (en) 2003-09-09 2005-03-31 Bosch Rexroth Ag Hydraulic unit with a reservoir for hydraulic fluid and with a motor-pump unit

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11852152B2 (en) 2019-10-07 2023-12-26 The Gorman-Rupp Company Pin vent assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2101061A1 (en) 2009-09-16
DE102008014539A1 (en) 2009-09-17

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