EP2096265A2 - Buse de turbine avec couverture de refroidissement intégrale - Google Patents

Buse de turbine avec couverture de refroidissement intégrale Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2096265A2
EP2096265A2 EP09250442A EP09250442A EP2096265A2 EP 2096265 A2 EP2096265 A2 EP 2096265A2 EP 09250442 A EP09250442 A EP 09250442A EP 09250442 A EP09250442 A EP 09250442A EP 2096265 A2 EP2096265 A2 EP 2096265A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
impingement
outer band
segment
turbine nozzle
turbine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09250442A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jason David Shapiro
David Allen Flodman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Publication of EP2096265A2 publication Critical patent/EP2096265A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
    • F01D9/042—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector fixing blades to stators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F01D25/12—Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
    • F01D25/14—Casings modified therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F01D25/246—Fastening of diaphragms or stator-rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/80—Platforms for stationary or moving blades
    • F05D2240/81—Cooled platforms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/201—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by impingement of a fluid

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to gas turbine engine turbines and more particularly to methods for cooling turbine sections of such engines.
  • a gas turbine engine includes a turbomachinery core having a high pressure compressor, combustor, and high pressure or gas generator turbine in serial flow relationship.
  • the core is operable in a known manner to generate a primary gas flow.
  • the core exhaust gas is directed through a nozzle to generate thrust.
  • a turboshaft engine uses a low pressure or "work" turbine downstream of the core to extract energy from the primary flow to drive a shaft or other mechanical load.
  • the gas generator turbine includes annular arrays ("rows") of stationary vanes or nozzles that direct the gases exiting the combustor into rotating blades or buckets. Collectively one row of nozzles and one row of blades make up a "stage". Typically two or more stages are used in serial flow relationship. These components operate in an extremely high temperature environment, and must be cooled by air flow to ensure adequate service life. Typically, the air used for cooling is extracted from one or more points in the compressor. These bleed flows represent a loss of net work output and/or thrust to the thermodynamic cycle. They increase specific fuel consumption (SFC) and are generally to be minimized as much as possible.
  • SFC specific fuel consumption
  • Prior art gas generator turbine nozzles have been cooled either using a "spoolie" fed manifold cover or a continuous impingement ring with a spoolie-fed airfoil insert.
  • air is fed into a manifold above the outer band, and then flows into the airfoil without directly cooling the outer band.
  • the second configuration utilizes a separate impingement ring to cool the outer band, but this flow is susceptible to leakage through the gaps between adjacent nozzle segments. In either case, the turbine nozzle cooling is less efficient than desired.
  • a turbine nozzle segment includes: (a) an arcuate outer band segment; (b) a hollow, airfoil-shaped turbine vane extending radially inward from the outer band segment; (c) a manifold cover secured to the outer band such that the manifold cover and the outer band segment cooperatively define an impingement cavity; and (d) an impingement blanket disposed in the impingement cavity, the impingement blanket having at least one impingement hole formed therethrough which is arranged to direct cooling air at the outer band segment.
  • a turbine nozzle assembly for a gas turbine engine includes: (a) a plurality of turbine nozzle segments arranged in an annular array, each turbine nozzle segment having: (i) an arcuate outer band segment; (ii) a hollow, airfoil-shaped turbine vane extending radially inwardly from the outer band segment; (iii) a manifold cover secured to the outer band such that the manifold cover and the outer band segment cooperatively define an impingement cavity; and (iv) an impingement blanket disposed in the impingement cavity, the impingement blanket having at least one impingement hole formed therethrough which is arranged to direct cooling air at the outer band segment; (b) an annular supporting structure surrounding the turbine nozzle segments; and (c) a plurality of generally cylindrical conduits, each conduit connecting one of the manifold covers in independent flow communication with the supporting structure.
  • a method for cooling a turbine nozzle which includes an array of nozzle segments each having an arcuate outer band with a hollow, airfoil-shaped turbine vane extending radially inward therefrom.
  • the method includes: (a) providing each of the outer bands with a closed impingement cavity having an impingement blanket disposed therein; (b) directing cooling air separately into the impingement cavities; (c) directing cooling air through one or more impingement holes in the impingement blanket against the outer band; and (d) exhausting the cooling air from the impingement cavity.
  • Figure 1 depicts a portion of a gas generator turbine 10, which is part of a gas turbine engine of a known type.
  • the function of the gas generator turbine 10 is to extract energy from high-temperature, pressurized combustion gases from an upstream combustor (not shown) and to convert the energy to mechanical work, in a known manner.
  • the gas generator turbine 10 drives an upstream compressor (not shown) through a shaft so as to supply pressurized air to the combustor.
  • the engine is a turboshaft engine and a work turbine would be located downstream of the gas generator turbine 10 and coupled to an output shaft.
  • a turboshaft engine and a work turbine would be located downstream of the gas generator turbine 10 and coupled to an output shaft.
  • turboprop, turbojet, and turbofan engines as well as turbine engines used for other vehicles or in stationary applications.
  • the gas generator turbine 10 includes a first stage nozzle 12 which comprises a plurality of circumferentially spaced airfoil-shaped hollow first stage vanes 14 that are supported between an arcuate, segmented first stage outer band 16 and an arcuate, segmented first stage inner band 18.
  • the first stage vanes 14, first stage outer band 16 and first stage inner band 18 are arranged into a plurality of circumferentially adjoining nozzle segments that collectively form a complete 360 0 assembly.
  • the first stage outer and inner bands 16 and 18 define the outer and inner radial flowpath boundaries, respectively, for the hot gas stream flowing through the first stage nozzle 12.
  • the first stage vanes 14 are configured so as to optimally direct the combustion gases to a first stage rotor 20.
  • the first stage rotor 20 includes a array of airfoil-shaped first stage turbine blades 22 extending outwardly from a first stage disk 24 that rotates about the centerline axis of the engine.
  • a segmented, arcuate first stage shroud 26 is arranged so as to closely surround the first stage turbine blades 22 and thereby define the outer radial flowpath boundary for the hot gas stream flowing through the first stage rotor 20.
  • a second stage nozzle 28 is positioned downstream of the first stage rotor 20, and comprises a plurality of circumferentially spaced airfoil-shaped hollow second stage vanes 30 that are supported between an arcuate, segmented second stage outer band 32 and an arcuate, segmented second stage inner band 34.
  • the second stage vanes 30, second stage outer band 32 and second stage inner band 34 are arranged into a plurality of circumferentially adjoining nozzle segments 36 (see Figure 2 ) that collectively form a complete 360 0 assembly.
  • the second stage outer and inner bands 32 and 34 define the outer and inner radial flowpath boundaries, respectively, for the hot gas stream flowing through the second stage turbine nozzle 34.
  • the second stage vanes 30 are configured so as to optimally direct the combustion gases to a second stage rotor 38.
  • the second stage rotor 38 includes a radial array of airfoil-shaped second stage turbine blades 40 extending radially outwardly from a second stage disk 42 that rotates about the centerline axis of the engine.
  • a segmented arcuate second stage shroud 44 is arranged so as to closely surround the second stage turbine blades 40 and thereby define the outer radial flowpath boundary for the hot gas stream flowing through the second stage rotor 38.
  • the segments of the first stage shroud 26 are supported by an array of arcuate first stage shroud hangers 46 that are in turn carried by an arcuate shroud support 48, for example using the illustrated hooks, rails, and C-clips in a known manner.
  • the second stage nozzle 28 is supported in part by mechanical connections to the first stage shroud hangers 46 and the shroud support 48.
  • Each second stage vane 30 is hollow so as to be able to receive cooling air in a known fashion.
  • Figures 2-5 illustrate the construction of the second stage nozzle 28 in more detail.
  • Figure 2 shows two individual nozzle segments 36 arranged side-by side, as they would be in the assembled gas generator turbine 10.
  • the nozzle segment 36 is a "singlet" casting which includes a segment 50 of the outer band 32, a segment 52 of the inner band 34, and a hollow second stage vane 30.
  • the radially outer end of each outer band segment 50 is closed by a manifold cover 54.
  • the manifold cover 54 (see Figure 4 ) is a unitary, slightly convex structure which has a lower peripheral edge 56 that matches the radially outer surface 58 of the outer band segment 50, and includes an outwardly-extending inlet tube 60.
  • a plate-like impingement blanket 62 has a plurality of impingement holes 64 formed through it. It may be cast or fabricated from sheet metal. It is placed inside a recess 66 on the radially inner side of the manifold cover 54, as seen in Figure 5 , and is secured thereto, for example by brazing, welding, fasteners, or adhesives.
  • the manifold cover 54 is secured to the outer surface 58 of the outer band segment 50 so as to form an integral, sealed structure, with the sole inlet for air flow being the inlet tube 60. As seen in Figure 1 , the manifold cover 54 and the outer band segment 50 cooperatively define an impingement cavity 68 which is divided into two sections by the impingement blanket 62.
  • the inlet tube 60 When assembled, the inlet tube 60 is coupled to a generally cylindrical tube or conduit known as a "spoolie" 70.
  • the spoolie 70 penetrates the shroud support 48 to provide a pathway for cooling air into the interior of the second stage vanes 30, as described in more detail below.
  • One spoolie 70 is provided for each of the inlet tubes 60.
  • compressor discharge air (CDP), at the highest pressure in the compressor, or another suitable cooling air flow, is ducted to the shroud support 48 in a known manner.
  • the CDP air enters the spoolies 66, depicted by the arrows labeled "C” in Figure 1 . It then flows through the inlet tubes 60 into the individual impingement cavities 68 of each nozzle segment 36.
  • the cooling air exits the impingement holes 64 as a series of jets, depicted by the arrows "J", which impinge against the outer band segment 50 and cool it.
  • the spent impingement air is then exhausted to the interior of the turbine vane 30, where is may be used to for additional cooling in a known manner.
  • the area between the manifold cover 54 and the shroud support 48 is referred to as an outer band cavity 72, and is purged by a separate air flow source.
  • This configuration offers several advantages. By integrally joining the impingement blanket 62 to the manifold cover 54, and by joining the manifold cover 54 to the outer band segment 50, the outer band segment 50 can be impingement cooled using high pressure air without the associated inter-segment leakage penalties. This configuration then allows for the use of lower pressure air to purge the nozzle outer band cavities - as the air is at a lower pressure, the total amount of leakage flow will be reduced resulting in a lower performance penalty.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
EP09250442A 2008-02-29 2009-02-20 Buse de turbine avec couverture de refroidissement intégrale Withdrawn EP2096265A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/040,482 US20090220331A1 (en) 2008-02-29 2008-02-29 Turbine nozzle with integral impingement blanket

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2096265A2 true EP2096265A2 (fr) 2009-09-02

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09250442A Withdrawn EP2096265A2 (fr) 2008-02-29 2009-02-20 Buse de turbine avec couverture de refroidissement intégrale

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20090220331A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2096265A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009209936A (fr)
CA (1) CA2655689A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CZ305366B6 (cs) * 2011-03-31 2015-08-19 Vlastimil Sedláček Způsob montáže statorových lopatek turbíny a jejich zajištění pomocí bandáže a zařízení k provádění tohoto způsobu
EP3002416A4 (fr) * 2014-06-30 2016-11-30 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Sys Aube de stator, turbine à gaz dotée de celle-ci, procédé de fabrication d'aube de stator, et procédé de modification d'aube de stator
EP2612995A3 (fr) * 2012-01-09 2017-05-17 General Electric Company Système de refroidissement compartimenté d'aube de turbine

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5449225B2 (ja) * 2011-02-08 2014-03-19 株式会社日立製作所 ガスタービン
US9371735B2 (en) * 2012-11-29 2016-06-21 Solar Turbines Incorporated Gas turbine engine turbine nozzle impingement cover
US9500095B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2016-11-22 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Turbine shroud segment sealing
US10655482B2 (en) * 2015-02-05 2020-05-19 Rolls-Royce Corporation Vane assemblies for gas turbine engines

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US3844343A (en) * 1973-02-02 1974-10-29 Gen Electric Impingement-convective cooling system
GB1519590A (en) * 1974-11-11 1978-08-02 Rolls Royce Gas turbine engine
JP3142850B2 (ja) * 1989-03-13 2001-03-07 株式会社東芝 タービンの冷却翼および複合発電プラント
US5160241A (en) * 1991-09-09 1992-11-03 General Electric Company Multi-port air channeling assembly
WO1996015357A1 (fr) * 1994-11-10 1996-05-23 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Aube de turbine a gaz avec un renforcement interne avec refroidissement
US6386825B1 (en) * 2000-04-11 2002-05-14 General Electric Company Apparatus and methods for impingement cooling of a side wall of a turbine nozzle segment
US6413040B1 (en) * 2000-06-13 2002-07-02 General Electric Company Support pedestals for interconnecting a cover and nozzle band wall in a gas turbine nozzle segment
EP1191189A1 (fr) * 2000-09-26 2002-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Aube de turbine à gaz
US6416284B1 (en) * 2000-11-03 2002-07-09 General Electric Company Turbine blade for gas turbine engine and method of cooling same
US6543993B2 (en) * 2000-12-28 2003-04-08 General Electric Company Apparatus and methods for localized cooling of gas turbine nozzle walls
US6652220B2 (en) * 2001-11-15 2003-11-25 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for cooling gas turbine nozzles
US6779597B2 (en) * 2002-01-16 2004-08-24 General Electric Company Multiple impingement cooled structure
US6769865B2 (en) * 2002-03-22 2004-08-03 General Electric Company Band cooled turbine nozzle
US7008185B2 (en) * 2003-02-27 2006-03-07 General Electric Company Gas turbine engine turbine nozzle bifurcated impingement baffle
US7008178B2 (en) * 2003-12-17 2006-03-07 General Electric Company Inboard cooled nozzle doublet
US7086829B2 (en) * 2004-02-03 2006-08-08 General Electric Company Film cooling for the trailing edge of a steam cooled nozzle
US7007488B2 (en) * 2004-07-06 2006-03-07 General Electric Company Modulated flow turbine nozzle
JP2007239756A (ja) * 2007-06-28 2007-09-20 Hitachi Ltd ガスタービン及びその静翼
US7946801B2 (en) * 2007-12-27 2011-05-24 General Electric Company Multi-source gas turbine cooling

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CZ305366B6 (cs) * 2011-03-31 2015-08-19 Vlastimil Sedláček Způsob montáže statorových lopatek turbíny a jejich zajištění pomocí bandáže a zařízení k provádění tohoto způsobu
EP2612995A3 (fr) * 2012-01-09 2017-05-17 General Electric Company Système de refroidissement compartimenté d'aube de turbine
EP3002416A4 (fr) * 2014-06-30 2016-11-30 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Sys Aube de stator, turbine à gaz dotée de celle-ci, procédé de fabrication d'aube de stator, et procédé de modification d'aube de stator
US10358927B2 (en) 2014-06-30 2019-07-23 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. Vane, gas turbine provided with the same, method of manufacturing vane, and method of remodeling vane

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2655689A1 (fr) 2009-08-29
JP2009209936A (ja) 2009-09-17
US20090220331A1 (en) 2009-09-03

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