EP2095689A2 - Dispositif et procédé d'éclairage - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé d'éclairage

Info

Publication number
EP2095689A2
EP2095689A2 EP07844933A EP07844933A EP2095689A2 EP 2095689 A2 EP2095689 A2 EP 2095689A2 EP 07844933 A EP07844933 A EP 07844933A EP 07844933 A EP07844933 A EP 07844933A EP 2095689 A2 EP2095689 A2 EP 2095689A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
point
group
coordinates
line segment
segment connecting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP07844933A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Antony Paul Van De Ven
Gerald H. Negley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wolfspeed Inc
Original Assignee
Cree LED Lighting Solutions Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cree LED Lighting Solutions Inc filed Critical Cree LED Lighting Solutions Inc
Priority to EP12166894A priority Critical patent/EP2487996A1/fr
Publication of EP2095689A2 publication Critical patent/EP2095689A2/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
    • H05B33/145—Arrangements of the electroluminescent material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
    • F21K9/64—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction using wavelength conversion means distinct or spaced from the light-generating element, e.g. a remote phosphor layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/85—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems characterised by the material
    • F21V29/89—Metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F21V9/30—Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2003—Display of colours
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
    • F21Y2113/10—Combination of light sources of different colours
    • F21Y2113/13—Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/44—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors prior to the connecting process
    • H01L2224/45—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • H01L2224/45001—Core members of the connector
    • H01L2224/45099—Material
    • H01L2224/451—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof
    • H01L2224/45138—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron (B), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po), and alloys thereof the principal constituent melting at a temperature of greater than or equal to 950°C and less than 1550°C
    • H01L2224/45147—Copper (Cu) as principal constituent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • H01L2224/4805—Shape
    • H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
    • H01L2224/48091—Arched
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
    • H01L2224/481—Disposition
    • H01L2224/48151—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
    • H01L2224/48221—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
    • H01L2224/48245—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
    • H01L2224/48247—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic connecting the wire to a bond pad of the item
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/11—Device type
    • H01L2924/13—Discrete devices, e.g. 3 terminal devices
    • H01L2924/1304—Transistor
    • H01L2924/1306—Field-effect transistor [FET]
    • H01L2924/13091—Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor [MOSFET]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S362/00—Illumination
    • Y10S362/80—Light emitting diode

Definitions

  • the present inventive subject matter relates to a lighting device, in particular, a device which includes one or more solid state light emitters and one or more luminescent materials.
  • the present inventive subject matter is also directed to lighting methods.
  • incandescent light bulbs are very energy-inefficient light sources - about ninety percent of the electricity they consume is released as heat rather than light. Fluorescent light bulbs are more efficient than incandescent light bulbs (by a factor of about 10) but are still less efficient than solid state light emitters, such as light emitting diodes.
  • incandescent light bulbs have relatively short lifetimes, i.e., typically about 750-1000 hours. hi comparison, light emitting diodes, for example, have typical lifetimes between 50,000 and 70,000 hours. Fluorescent bulbs have longer lifetimes (e.g., 10,000 - 20,000 hours) than incandescent lights, but provide less favorable color reproduction.
  • CRI Ra Color reproduction is typically measured using the Color Rendering Index (CRT).
  • CRI Ra is a modified average of the relative measurement of how the color rendition of an illumination system compares to that of a reference radiator when illuminating eight reference colors, i.e., it is a relative measure of the shift in surface color of an object when lit by a particular lamp.
  • the CRI Ra equals 100 if the color coordinates of a set of test colors being illuminated by the illumination system are the same as the coordinates of the same test colors being irradiated by the reference radiator.
  • Daylight has a high CRI (Ra of approximately 100), with incandescent bulbs also being relatively close (Ra greater than 95), and fluorescent lighting being less accurate (typical Ra of 70-80).
  • Certain types of specialized lighting have very low CRI (e.g., mercury vapor or sodium lamps have Ra as low as about 40 or even lower).
  • Sodium lights are used, e.g., to light highways - driver response time, however, significantly decreases with lower CRI Ra values (for any given brightness, legibility decreases with lower CRI Ra).
  • Light emitting diodes are well-known semiconductor devices that convert electrical current into light. A wide variety of light emitting diodes are used in increasingly diverse fields for an ever-expanding range of purposes.
  • light emitting diodes are semiconducting devices that emit light (ultraviolet, visible, or infrared) when a potential difference is applied across a p-n junction structure.
  • light emitting diodes and many associated structures, and the present inventive subject matter can employ any such devices.
  • Chapters 12-14 of Sze, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, (2d Ed. 1981) and Chapter 7 of Sze, Modern Semiconductor Device Physics (1998) describe a variety of photonic devices, including light emitting diodes.
  • LED light emitting diode
  • packaged devices typically include a semiconductor based light emitting diode such as (but not limited to) those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,918,487; 5,631,190; and 5,912,477; various wire connections, and a package that encapsulates the light emitting diode.
  • a light emitting diode produces light by exciting electrons across the ba,nd gap between a conduction band and a valence band of a semiconductor active (light-emitting) layer.
  • the electron transition generates light at a wavelength that depends on the band gap.
  • the color of the light (wavelength) emitted by a light emitting diode depends on the semiconductor materials of the active layers of the light emitting diode.
  • the emission spectrum of any particular light emitting diode is typically concentrated around a single wavelength (as dictated by the light emitting diode's composition and structure), which is desirable for some applications, but not desirable for others, (e.g., for providing lighting, such an emission spectrum provides a very low CRI Ra).
  • White light emitting diode lamps have been produced which have a light emitting diode pixel/cluster formed of respective red, green and blue light emitting diodes.
  • Other "white” light emitting diode lamps have been produced which include (1) a light emitting diode which generates blue light and (2) a luminescent material (e.g., a phosphor) that emits yellow light in response to excitation by light emitted by the light emitting diode, whereby the blue light and the yellow light, when mixed, produce light that is perceived as white light.
  • a luminescent material e.g., a phosphor
  • the blending of primary colors to produce combinations of non-primary colors is generally well understood in this and other arts.
  • the 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram an international standard for primary colors established in 1931
  • the 1976 CIE Chromaticity Diagram similar to the 1931 Diagram but modified such that similar distances on the Diagram represent similar perceived differences in color
  • Fig. 1 shows the 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram.
  • Fig. 2 shows the 1976 Chromaticity Diagram.
  • Fig. 3 shows an enlarged portion of the 1976 Chromaticity
  • the ClE Chromaticity Diagrams map out the human color perception in terms of two CIE parameters x and y (in the case of the 1931 diagram) or u' and v' (in the case of the 1976 diagram).
  • CIE chromaticity diagrams see, for example, "Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology", vol. 7, 230-231 (Robert A Meyers ed., 1987).
  • the spectral colors are distributed around the edge of the outlined space, which includes all of the hues perceived by the human eye.
  • the boundary line represents maximum saturation for the spectral colors.
  • the 1976 CIE Chromaticity Diagram is similar to the 1931 Diagram, except that the 1976 Diagram has been modified such that similar distances on the Diagram represent similar perceived differences in color.
  • deviation from a point on the Diagram can be expressed either in terms of the coordinates or, alternatively, in order to give an indication as to the extent of the perceived difference in color, in terms of MacAdam ellipses.
  • a locus of points defined as being ten MacAdam ellipses from a specified hue defined by a particular set of coordinates on the 1931 Diagram consists of hues which would each be perceived as differing from the specified hue to a common extent (and likewise for loci of points defined as being spaced from a particular hue by other quantities of MacAdam ellipses).
  • the 1976 CIE Diagram includes temperature listings along the blackbody locus. These temperature listings show the color path of a blackbody radiator that is caused to increase to such temperatures. As a heated object becomes incandescent, it first glows reddish, then yellowish, then white, and finally blueish. This occurs because the wavelength associated with the peak radiation of the blackbody radiator becomes progressively shorter with increased temperature, consistent with the Wien Displacement Law. Illuminants which produce light which is on or near the blackbody locus can thus be described in terms of their color temperature.
  • A, B, C, D and E which refer to light produced by several standard illuminants correspondingly identified as illuminants A, B, C, D and E, respectively.
  • Light emitting diodes can thus be used individually or in any combinations, optionally together with one or more luminescent material (e.g., phosphors or scintillators) and/or filters, to generate light of any desired perceived color (including white). Accordingly, the areas in which efforts are being made to replace existing light sources with light emitting diode light sources, e.g., to improve energy efficiency, color rendering index (CRI Ra), efficacy (lm/W), and/or duration of service, are not limited to any particular color or color blends of light.
  • CRI Ra color rendering index
  • lm/W efficacy
  • duration of service are not limited to any particular color or color blends of light.
  • a wide variety of luminescent materials are well-known and available to persons of skill in the art.
  • a phosphor is a luminescent material that emits a responsive radiation (e.g., visible light) when excited by a source of exciting radiation.
  • a responsive radiation e.g., visible light
  • the responsive radiation has a wavelength which is different from the wavelength of the exciting radiation.
  • luminescent materials include scintillators, day glow tapes and inks which glow in the visible spectrum upon illumination with ultraviolet light,
  • the expression "lumiphor”, as used herein, refers to any luminescent element, i.e., any element which includes a luminescent material.
  • Luminescent materials can be categorized as being down-converting, i.e., a material which converts photons to a lower energy level (longer wavelength) or up-converting, i.e., a material which converts photons to a higher energy level (shorter wavelength).
  • inclusion of luminescent materials in LED devices has been accomplished by adding the luminescent materials to a clear or translucent encapsulant material (e.g., epoxy-based, silicone-based, glass-based or metal oxide-based material) as discussed above, for example by a blending or coating process.
  • a clear or translucent encapsulant material e.g., epoxy-based, silicone-based, glass-based or metal oxide-based material
  • U.S. Patent No. 6,963,166 discloses that a conventional light emitting diode lamp includes a light emitting diode chip, a bullet-shaped transparent housing to cover the light emitting diode chip, leads to supply current to the light emitting diode chip, and a cup reflector for reflecting the emission of the light emitting diode chip in a uniform direction, in which the light emitting diode chip is encapsulated with a first resin portion, which is further encapsulated with a second resin portion.
  • the first resin portion is obtained by filling the cup reflector with a resin material and curing it after the light emitting diode chip has been mounted onto the bottom of the cup reflector and then has had its cathode and anode electrodes electrically connected to the leads by way of wires.
  • a phosphor is dispersed in the first resin portion so as to be excited with the light A that has been emitted from the light emitting diode chip, the excited phosphor produces fluorescence ("light B") that has a longer wavelength than the light A, a portion of the light A is transmitted through the first resin portion including the phosphor, and as a result, light C, as a mixture of the light A and light B, is used as illumination.
  • white LED lamps i.e., lamps which emit light which is perceived as being white or near- white
  • a representative example of a white LED lamp includes a package of a blue light emitting diode chip, made of indium gallium nitride (InGaN) or gallium nitride (GaN), coated with a phosphor such as YAG.
  • the blue light emitting diode chip produces an emission with a wavelength of about 450 nm
  • the phosphor produces yellow fluorescence with a peak wavelength of about 550 nm on receiving that emission.
  • white light emitting diode lamps are fabricated by forming a ceramic phosphor layer on the output surface of a blue light-emitting semiconductor light emitting diode. Part of the blue ray emitted from the light emitting diode chip passes through the phosphor, while part of the blue ray emitted from the light emitting diode chip is absorbed by the phosphor, which becomes excited and emits a yellow ray. The part of the blue light emitted by the light emitting diode which is transmitted through the phosphor is mixed with the yellow light emitted by the phosphor. The viewer perceives the mixture of blue and yellow light as white light.
  • Another type uses a blue or violet light emitting diode chip which is combined with phosphor materials that produce red or orange and green or yellowish-green light rays.
  • part of the blue or violet light emitted by the light emitting diode chip excites the phosphors, causing the phosphors to emit red or orange and yellow or green light rays.
  • These rays, combined with the blue or violet rays, can produce the perception of white light.
  • a light emitting diode chip that emits an ultraviolet ray is combined with phosphor materials that produce red (R), green (G) and blue (B) light rays, hi such an "RGB LED lamp", the ultraviolet ray that has been radiated from the light emitting diode chip excites the phosphor, causing the phosphor to emit red, green and blue light rays which, when mixed, are perceived by the human eye as white light. Consequently, white light can also be obtained as a mixture of these light rays.
  • LED light bulbs have been used with conventional light fixtures, for example, fixtures which include a hollow lens and a base plate attached to the lens, the base plate having a conventional socket housing with one or more contacts which are electrically coupled to a power source.
  • LED light bulbs have been constructed which comprise an electrical circuit board, a plurality of packaged LEDs mounted to the circuit board, and a connection post attached to the circuit board and adapted to be connected to the socket housing of the light fixture, whereby the plurality of LEDs can be illuminated by the power source.
  • solid state light emitters e.g., light emitting diodes, to provide light with greater energy efficiency and with acceptable color rendering index (CRI Ra).
  • the present inventors have designed light emitters, light engines and lighting devices which comprise one or more LEDs and one or more luminescent materials and which provide very high CRI Ra along with excellent efficacy, for example, as disclosed in:
  • the present inventive subject matter provides lighting devices which provide outstanding efficacy as well as good CRI Ra (i.e., some CRI Ra is sacrificed to provide better efficacy).
  • the present inventive subject matter also provides lighting devices which can be used along with additional lighting devices (e.g., saturated and/or broad spectrum lighting devices) to provide lighting, e.g., to emit mixed light having x, y color coordinates on or near the blackbody locus.
  • a lighting device comprising a first group of solid state light emitters and a first group of lumiphors.
  • a first group mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the second point having x, y coordinate
  • group of solid state light emitters means, that the group includes one or more solid state light emitter(s).
  • group of lumiphors means that the group includes one or more lumiphor.
  • the first aspect of the present invention encompasses a lighting device which includes a single solid state light emitter and a single lumiphor.
  • a lighting device comprising a first group of solid state light emitters and a first group of lumiphors.
  • a first group mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.43
  • a lighting device comprising a first group of solid state light emitters and a first group of lumiphors.
  • a first group mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.41 , 0.455 the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.
  • a lighting device comprising a first group of solid state light emitters, a first group of lumiphors, a second group of solid state light emitters and a second group of lumiphors.
  • first group mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, and the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.43, 0.45, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.5125, 0.4866, and the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4087, 0.5896;
  • first group-second group mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth line segments, the ninth line segment connecting a ninth point to a tenth point, the tenth line segment connecting the tenth point to an eleventh point, the eleventh line segment connecting the eleventh point to a twelfth point, the twelfth line segment connecting the twelfth point to a thirteenth point, and the thirteenth line segment connecting the thirteenth point to the
  • a lighting device comprising a first group of solid state light emitters, a first group of lumiphors, a second group of solid state light emitters and a second group of lumiphors.
  • first group mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, and the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.41, 0.455 the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.4087, 0.5896, and the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4788, 0.5202;
  • first group-second group mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CTE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by ninth, tenth, eleventh and twelfth line segments, the ninth line segment connecting a ninth point to a tenth point, the tenth line segment connecting the tenth point to an eleventh point, the eleventh line segment connecting the eleventh point to a twelfth point, the twelfth line segment connecting the twelfth point to the ninth point, the ninth point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40,
  • a method of lighting comprising: mixing light from a first group of at least one solid state light emitter and light from a first group of at least one lumiphor to form first group mixed illumination, where:
  • the first group mixed illumination has x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.38, the ⁇ third point having x, y coordinates of 0.41, 0.455, and the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48.
  • a method of lighting comprising: mixing light from a first group of at least one solid state light emitter and light from a first group of at least one lumiphor to form first group mixed illumination, where:
  • the first group mixed illumination has x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.43, 0.45, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.5125, 0.4866, and the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4087, 0.5896.
  • a method of lighting comprising: mixing light from a first group of at least one solid state light emitter and light from a first group of at least one lumiphor to form first group mixed illumination, where:
  • the first group mixed illumination has x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CEE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.41, 0.455 the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.4087, 0.5896, and the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4788, 0.5202.
  • a method of lighting comprising: mixing light from a first group of at least one solid state light emitter, light from a second group of at least one solid state light emitter, light from a first group of at least one lumiphor and light from a second group of at least one lumiphor to form first group-second group mixed illumination, where:
  • the first group-second group mixed illumination has x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CBE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth line segments, the ninth line segment connecting a ninth point to a tenth point, the tenth line segment connecting the tenth point to an eleventh point, the eleventh line segment connecting the eleventh point to a twelfth point, the twelfth line segment connecting the twelfth point to a thirteenth point, and the thirteenth line segment connecting the thirteenth point to the ninth point, the ninth point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the tenth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the eleventh point having x, y coordinates of 0.43, 0.45, the twelfth point having x, y coordinates of 0.42, 0.42, and the thirteenth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.38,
  • a mixture of light emitted from the first group of solid state light emitters and the first group of lumiphors would, in the absence of any additional light, have a first group mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, and the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.43, 0.45, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.5125, 0.4866, and the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4087, 0.5896, and
  • a mixture of light emitted from the second group of solid state light emitters and the second group of lumiphors would, in the absence of any additional light, have a second group mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth line segments, the fifth line segment connecting a fifth point to a sixth point, the sixth line segment connecting the sixth point to a seventh point, the seventh line segment connecting the seventh point to an eighth point, and the eighth line segment connecting the eighth point to the fifth point, the fifth point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the sixth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.38, the seventh point having x, y coordinates of 0.30, 0.26, and the eighth point having x, y coordinates of 0.25, 0.29.
  • a method of lighting comprising: mixing light from a first group of at least one solid state light emitter, light from a second group of at least one solid state light emitter, light from a first group of at least one lumiphor and light from a second group of at least one lumiphor to form first group-second group mixed illumination, where:
  • the first group-second group mixed illumination has x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by ninth, tenth, eleventh and twelfth line segments, the ninth line segment connecting a ninth point to a tenth point, the tenth line segment connecting the tenth point to an eleventh point, the eleventh line segment connecting the eleventh point to a twelfth point, the twelfth line segment connecting the twelfth point to the ninth point, the ninth point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the tenth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.38, the eleventh point having x, y coordinates of 0.41 , 0.455, and the twelfth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48,
  • a mixture of light emitted from the first group of solid state light emitters and the first group of lumiphors would, in the absence of any additional light, have a first group mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, and the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.41, 0.455 the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.4087, 0.5896, and the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4788, 0.5202, and
  • a mixture of light emitted from the second group of solid state light emitters and the second group of lumiphors would, in the absence of any additional light, have a second group mixed illumination having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CTE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth line segments, the fifth line segment connecting a fifth point to a sixth point, the sixth line segment connecting the sixth point to a seventh point, the seventh line segment connecting the seventh point to an eighth point, and the eighth line segment connecting the eighth point to the fifth point, the fifth point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the sixth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.38, the seventh point having x, y coordinates of 0.30, 0.26, and the eighth point having x, y coordinates of 0.25, 0.29.
  • each of the first group of solid state light emitters if illuminated, would emit light having a peak wavelength in the range of from 430 nm to 480 nm; and each of the first group of lumiphors, if excited, would emit light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from about 555 nm to about 585 nm.
  • each of the first group of solid state light emitters if illuminated, would emit light having a peak wavelength in the range of from 430 nm to 480 nm; and each of the first group of lumiphors, if excited, would emit light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from about 555 nm to about 585 nm.
  • first, second, third, fourth and fifth line segments the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the fifth point, and the fifth line segment connecting the fifth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.43, 0.45, the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.42, 0.42, and the fifth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.38 (and in some cases, enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line
  • first, second, third and fourth line segments having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.41, 0.455 said second point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, said third point having x, y coordinates of 0.4087, 0.5896, and said fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4788, 0.5202; or
  • first, second, third and fourth line segments having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.43, 0.45, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.5125, 0.4866, and the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4087, 0.5896.
  • the lighting device further comprises at least one power line, and if power is supplied to each of the at least one power line, the lighting device would emit light having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.38, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.41 , 0.455, and the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48.
  • the lighting device further comprises at least one power line, and if power is supplied to each of the at least one power line, the lighting device would emit light having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE
  • first, second, third, fourth and fifth line segments enclosed by first, second, third, fourth and fifth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the fifth point, and the fifth line segment connecting the fifth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.32, 0.40, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.43, 0.45, the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.42, 0.42, and the fifth point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.38,
  • the lighting device further comprises at least one power line, and if power is supplied to each of the at least one power line, the lighting device would emit light having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.41, 0.455 said second point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, said third point having x, y coordinates of 0.4087, 0.5896, and said fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4788, 0.5202.
  • the lighting device further comprises at least one power line, and if power is supplied to each of the at least one power line, the lighting device would emit light having x, y color coordinates which define a point which is within an area on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram enclosed by first, second, third and fourth line segments, the first line segment connecting a first point to a second point, the second line segment connecting the second point to a third point, the third line segment connecting the third point to a fourth point, the fourth line segment connecting the fourth point to the first point, the first point having x, y coordinates of 0.36, 0.48, the second point having x, y coordinates of 0.43, 0.45, the third point having x, y coordinates of 0.5125, 0.4866, and the fourth point having x, y coordinates of 0.4087, 0.5896.
  • the lighting device further comprises an additional group of solid state light emitters comprising at least one solid state light emitter which, if illuminated, would emit light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from 600 nm to 630 nm. In some such embodiments, the lighting device further comprises a further group of solid state light emitters comprising at least one solid state light emitter which, if illuminated, would emit light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from 495 nm to 510 nm.
  • the lighting device further comprises an additional group of solid state light emitters comprising at least one solid state light emitter which, if illuminated, would emit saturated light.
  • the lighting device when supplied with electricity of a first wattage, emits output light of an efficacy of at least 60 lumens per watt (in some embodiments at least 70 lumens per watt, and in some embodiments, at least 80 lumens per watt) of the electricity.
  • the output light is of a brightness of at least 300 lumens, in some embodiments at least 500 lumens.
  • the first group mixed illumination has x, y color coordinates on a 1931 CTE Chromaticity Diagram which are also at least a distance of 0.03 (in some embodiments, at least a distance of 0.045) from any point on the blackbody locus.
  • the first group-second group mixed illumination has x, y color coordinates on a 1931 CIE Chromaticity Diagram which are also at least a distance of 0.03 (in some embodiments, at least a distance of 0.045) from any point on the blackbody locus.
  • the first group mixed illumination has a CRI Ra of at least 40, in some embodiments, at least 50, and in some embodiments, at least 55.
  • the first group-second group mixed illumination has a CRI Ra of at least 40, in some embodiments, at least 50, and in some embodiments, at least 55.
  • the first group of solid state light emitters comprises all of the solid state light emitters in the lighting device which, if illuminated, would emit light having a peak wavelength in the range of from about 430 nm to about 480 run
  • the first group of lumiphors comprises all of the lumiphors in the lighting device which, if excited, would emit light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from about 555 nm to about 585 nm.
  • the first and second groups of solid state light emitters together comprise all of the solid state light emitters in the lighting device which, if illuminated, would emit light having a peak wavelength in the range of from about 430 nm to about 480 nm
  • the first and second groups of lumiphors together comprise all of the lumiphors in the lighting device which, if excited, would emit light having a dominant wavelength in the range of from about 555 nm to about 585 nm.
  • the lighting device further comprises at least one power line
  • the first group of solid state light emitters comprises all solid state light emitters which are directly or switchably electrically connected to the at least one power line and which, if illuminated, would emit light having a peak wavelength in the range of from 430 nm to 480 nm.
  • the lighting device further comprises at least one power line
  • the first and second groups of solid state light emitters together comprise all solid state light emitters which are directly or switchably electrically connected to the at least one power line and which, if illuminated, would emit light having a peak wavelength in the range of from 430 nm to 480 nm.
  • the first group of lumiphors comprises all lumiphors which are illuminated if power is supplied to the at least one power line, and each of the lumiphors in the first and second groups of lumiphors is illuminated if power is supplied to the at least one power line.
  • the first and second groups of lumiphors together comprise all lumiphors which are illuminated if power is supplied to the at least one power line, and each of the lumiphors in the first and second groups of lumiphors is illuminated if power is supplied to the at least one power line.
  • each of the lumiphors in the first group of lumiphors would be excited by light emitted from at least one of the solid state light emitters.
  • each of the lumiphors in the first and second groups of lumiphors would be excited by light emitted from at least one of the solid state light emitters.
  • each of the solid state light emitters in the first group of solid state light emitters is embedded within an encapsulant element in which at least one of the first group of lumiphors is also embedded.
  • each of the solid state light emitters in the first and second groups of solid state light emitters is embedded within an encapsulant element in which at least one of the first and second groups of lumiphors is also embedded.
  • the first group of solid state light emitters comprises at least five solid state light emitters, and the first group of lumiphors comprises at least five lumiphors.
  • the first and second groups of solid state light emitters together comprise at least five solid state light emitters, and the first and second groups of lumiphors together comprise at least five lumiphors.
  • the first group of solid state light emitters comprises at least ten solid state light emitters, and the first group of lumiphors comprises at least ten lumiphors.
  • the first and second groups of solid state light emitters together comprise at least ten solid state light emitters, and the first and second groups of lumiphors together comprise at least ten lumiphors.
  • the first group of solid state light emitters comprises at least twenty-five solid state light emitters
  • the first group of lumiphors comprises at least twenty-five lumiphors.
  • the first and second groups of solid state light emitters together comprise at least twenty- five solid state light emitters
  • the first and second groups of lumiphors together comprise at least twenty- five lumiphors.
  • the present inventive subject matter is directed to an enclosure, comprising an enclosed space and at least one lighting device as described above, wherein if the lighting device is illuminated, the lighting device would illuminate at least a portion of the enclosure.
  • the present inventive subject matter is directed to a lighting element, comprising a surface and at least one lighting device as described above, wherein if the lighting device is illuminated, the lighting device would illuminate at least a portion of the surface.
  • the present inventive subject matter is directed to a device for which lighting is required, but for which high CRI Ra is not necessarily required, and which device includes a lighting device as described herein.
  • Representative examples of such devices include motion sensors, mobile phones, signage, flashing lights, doorbell indicators, emergency lighting, auxiliary lighting, outdoor illumination, emergency egress lighting, and backlights (e.g., in toys, mobile phones, etc.).
  • the light is illuminated in response to the occurrence of the emergency event (e.g., a fire alarm being pulled, a smoke alarm being triggered), and if no motion is detected for a certain period of time (which can be selectable), e.g., five minutes, the light is automatically turned off (and turned back on if motion is again detected).
  • the emergency event e.g., a fire alarm being pulled, a smoke alarm being triggered
  • a certain period of time which can be selectable
  • the present inventive subject matter is directed to a light fixture comprising at least one lighting device as described above.
  • Fig. 1 shows the 19.31 CIE Chromaticity Diagram.
  • Fig. 2 shows the 1976 Chromaticity Diagram.
  • Fig. 3 shows an enlarged portion of the 1976 Chromaticity Diagram, in order to show the blackbody locus in detail.
  • Fig. 4 depicts a first embodiment of a lighting device in accordance with the present inventive subject matter.
  • Fig. 5 depicts a representative example of a packaged LED which can be used in the devices according to the present inventive subject matter.
  • first may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers, sections and/or parameters
  • these elements, components, regions, layers, sections and/or parameters should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section.
  • a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the present inventive subject matter.
  • relative terms such as “lower” or “bottom” and “upper” or “top,” maybe used herein to describe one element's relationship to another elements as illustrated in the Figures. Such relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the Figures. For example, if the device in the Figures is turned over, elements described as being on the “lower” side of other elements would then be oriented on “upper” sides of the other elements. The exemplary term “lower”, can therefore, encompass both an orientation of “lower” and “upper,” depending on the particular orientation of the figure. Similarly, if the device in one of the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements would then be oriented “above” the other elements. The exemplary terms “below” or “beneath” can, therefore, encompass both an orientation of above and below.
  • illumination means that at least some current is being supplied to the solid state light emitter to cause the solid state light emitter to emit at least some light.
  • illumination encompasses situations where the solid state light emitter emits light continuously or intermittently at a rate such that a human eye would perceive it as emitting light continuously, or where a plurality of solid state light emitters of the same color or different colors are emitting light intermittently and/or alternatingly (with or without overlap in "on” times) in such a way that a human eye would perceive them as emitting light continuously (and, in cases where different colors are emitted, as a mixture of those colors).
  • the expression “excited”, as used herein when referring to a lumiphor, means that at least some electromagnetic radiation (e.g., visible light, UV light or infrared light) is contacting the lumiphor, causing the lumiphor to emit at least some light.
  • the expression “excited” encompasses situations where the lumiphor emits light continuously or intermittently at a iate such that a human eye would perceive it as emitting light continuously, or where a plurality of lumiphors of the same color or different colors are emitting light intermittently and/or alternatingly (with or without overlap in "on” times) in such a way that a human eye would perceive them as emitting light continuously (and, in cases where different colors are emitted, as a mixture of those colors).
  • saturated means having a purity of at least 85%, the term “purity” having a well-known meaning to persons skilled in the art, and procedures for calculating purity being well-known to those of skill in the art.
  • a lighting device can be a device which illuminates an area or volume, e.g., a structure, a swimming pool or spa, a room, a warehouse, an indicator, a road, a parking lot, a vehicle, signage, e.g., road signs, a billboard, a ship, a toy, a mirror, a vessel, an electronic device, a boat, an aircraft, a stadium, a computer, a remote audio device, a remote video device, a cell phone, a tree, a window, an LCD display, a cave, a tunnel, a yard, a lamppost, or a device or array of devices that illuminate an enclosure, or a device that is used for edge or back-lighting (e.g., back light poster, signage, LCD displays), bulb replacements (e.g., for replacing AC incandescent lights, low voltage lights, fluorescent lights, etc.),
  • edge or back-lighting e.g., back light poster, signage, LCD displays
  • bulb replacements
  • the present inventive subject matter further relates to an illuminated enclosure (the volume of which can be illuminated uniformly or non-uniformly), comprising an enclosed space and at least one lighting device according to the present inventive subject matter, wherein the lighting device illuminates at least a portion of the enclosure (uniformly or non- uniformly).
  • the present inventive subject matter is further directed to an illuminated area, comprising at least one item, e.g., selected from among the group consisting of a structure, a swimming pool or spa, a room, a warehouse, an indicator, a road, a parking lot, a vehicle, signage, e.g., road signs, a billboard, a ship, a toy, a mirror, a vessel, an electronic device, a boat, an aircraft, a stadium, a computer, a remote audio device, a remote video device, a cell phone, a tree, a window, an LCD display, a cave, a tunnel, a yard, a lamppost, etc., having mounted therein or thereon at least one lighting device as described herein.
  • at least one item e.g., selected from among the group consisting of a structure, a swimming pool or spa, a room, a warehouse, an indicator, a road, a parking lot, a vehicle, signage, e.g., road signs,
  • the solid state light emitter (or solid state light emitters) used in the devices according to the present inventive subject matter, and the lumiphor (or lumiphors) used in the devices according to the present inventive subject matter, can be selected from among any solid state light emitters and lumiphors known to persons of skill in the art. Wide varieties of such solid state light emitters and lumiphors are readily obtainable and well known to those of skilled in the art, and any of them can be employed. Examples of types of such solid state light emitters include light emitting diodes, including inorganic and organic light emitting diodes, a variety of each of which are well- known in the art.
  • the solid state light emitters used in the devices according to the present invention can be light emitters which emit visible light, near UV light, UV light, infrared light, and/or combinations thereof.
  • the one or more luminescent materials can be any desired luminescent material.
  • the one or more luminescent materials can be down-converting or up-converting, or can include a combination of both types.
  • the one or more luminescent materials can be selected from among phosphors, scintillators, day glow tapes, inks which glow in the visible spectrum upon illumination with ultraviolet light, etc.
  • the one or more luminescent materials can be provided in any desired form.
  • the luminescent element can be embedded in a resin (i.e., a polymeric matrix), such as a silicone material, an epoxy material, a glass material or a metal oxide material.
  • the one or more lumiphors can individually be any lumiphor, a wide variety of which, as noted above, are known to those skilled in the art.
  • the (or each of the) lumiphor(s) can comprise (or can consist essentially of, or can consist of) one or more phosphor.
  • the (or each of the) one or more lumiphors can, if desired, further comprise (or consist essentially of, or consist of) one or more highly transmissive (e.g., transparent or substantially transparent, or somewhat diffuse) binder, e.g., made of epoxy, silicone, glass, metal oxide or any other suitable material (for example, in any given lumiphor comprising one or more binder, one or more phosphor can be dispersed within the one or more binder).
  • the (or each of the) one or more lumiphors can, independently, further comprise any of a number of well-known additives, e.g., diffusers, scatterers, tints, etc.
  • circuitry can include at least one contact, at least one leadframe, at least one current regulator, at least one power control, at least one voltage control, at least one boost, at least one capacitor and/or at least one bridge rectifier, persons of skill in the art being familiar with such components and being readily able to design appropriate circuitry to meet whatever current flow characteristics are desired.
  • circuitry which may be used in practicing the present inventive subject matter is described in:
  • the present inventive subject matter further relates to an illuminated enclosure, comprising an enclosed space and at least one lighting device according to the present inventive subject matter, wherein the lighting device illuminates at least a portion of the enclosure.
  • the present inventive subject matter further relates to an illuminated surface, comprising a surface and at least one lighting device according to the present inventive subject matter, wherein the lighting device illuminates at least a portion of the surface.
  • the present inventive subject matter further relates to an illuminated area, comprising at least one area selected from among the group consisting of a swimming pool, a room, a warehouse, an indicator, a road, a vehicle, a road sign, a billboard, a ship, a boat, an aircraft, a stadium, a tree, a window, and a lamppost having mounted therein or thereon at least one lighting device according to the present inventive subject matter.
  • FIG. 4 depicts a first embodiment of a lighting device in accordance with the present inventive subject matter.
  • Embodiments in accordance with the present inventive subject matter are described herein with reference to cross-sectional (and/or plan view) illustrations that are schematic illustrations of idealized embodiments of the present inventive subject matter. As such, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, embodiments of the present inventive subject matter should not be construed as limited to the particular shapes of regions illustrated herein but are to include deviations in shapes that result, for example, from manufacturing. For example, a molded region illustrated or described as a rectangle will, typically, have rounded or curved features. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematic in nature and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the precise shape of a region of a device and are not intended to limit the scope of the present inventive subject matter.
  • a lighting device which includes a heat spreading element 11 (formed of aluminum), insulating regions 12 (comprising any desired material which is thermally conductive and not electrically conductive, a wide variety of which are well-known to those skilled in the art, e.g., ceramic, epoxy or silicone optionally filled with silicon carbide, diamond, cubic boron nitride, alumina, etc), a highly reflective surface 13
  • conductive traces 14 formed of copper
  • lead frames 15 formed of silver-plated copper (or silver-plated mild steel)
  • packaged LEDs 16 a reflective cone 17 (made of MCPET ® ) (marketed by Furukawa, a Japanese corporation) with a diffuse light scattering surface and a diffusing element 18 (the diffusing element 18 performs a light scattering function).
  • the thickness of the heat spreading element 11 is about 3.0 mm.
  • the reflective cone 17 is about 1 mm thick.
  • the diffusing element 18 is about 3.0 mm thick and is made of glass or plastic with surface features.
  • the device depicted in Fig. 4 further includes a printed circuit board (PCB) 28 with the conductive traces 14.
  • the PCB is about 1.6 mm thick and is FR4.
  • one or more of the solid state light emitters can be included in a package together with one or more of the lumiphors, and the one or more lumiphor in the package can be spaced from the one or more solid state light emitter in the package to achieve improved light extraction efficiency, as described in U.S. Patent Application No. 60/753,138, filed on December 22, 2005, entitled “Lighting Device” (inventor: Gerald H. Negley; attorney docket number 931_003 PRO) and U.S. Patent Application No. 11/614,180, filed December 21, 2006, the entireties of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • Fig. 5 depicts a representative example of a packaged LED which can be used in the devices according to the present inventive subject matter.
  • a packaged LED 16 which comprises a blue light emitting diode chip 31 (namely, a Cree XT LED (C460XT290) die with a wavelength range of from about 450 nm to about 465 nm, and optical power greater than 24 mW), a lead frame 15 having a reflective surface 32, a copper wire 33, an encapsulant region 34, and a broad spectrum emitting lumiphor 35.
  • the reflective surface 32 is made of silver.
  • the encapsulant region 34 is made of Hysol OS400 or GE/Toshiba Invisil 5332.
  • the lumiphor 35 comprises a luminescent material consisting of QMK58/F-U1 YAG:Ce by Phosphor Teck - UK dispersed in a binder made of Hysol OS400 or GE/Toshiba 5332.
  • the luminescent material is loaded in the binder in an amount in the range of from about 10 to about 12 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the binder and the luminescent material.
  • the luminescent material particles have particle sizes in the range of from about 1.6 micrometers to about 8.6 micrometers, with the mean particle size being in the range of from about 4 micrometers to about 5 micrometers.
  • the lumiphor 35 is spaced from the chip 31 by a distance in the range of from about 100 micrometers to about 750 micrometers (for example, from about 500 micrometers to about 750 micrometers, e.g., about 750 micrometers).
  • the blue chip 31 emits light having a peak wavelength in the range of from about 450 nm to about 465 nm.
  • two or more lumiphors can be provided, two or more of the lumiphors being spaced from each other, as described in U.S. Patent Application No. 60/794,379, filed on April 24, 2006, entitled
  • the lighting devices according to the present inventive subject matter can comprise any desired number of LEDs and lumiphors.
  • a lighting device according to the present inventive subject matter can include 50 or more light emitting diodes, or can include 100 or more light emitting diodes, etc.
  • the sources of visible light in the lighting devices of the present inventive subject matter can be arranged, mounted and supplied with electricity in any desired manner, and can be mounted on any desired housing or fixture.
  • Skilled artisans are familiar with a wide variety of arrangements, mounting schemes, power supplying apparatuses, housings and fixtures, and any such arrangements, schemes, apparatuses, housings and fixtures can be employed in connection with the present inventive subject matter.
  • the lighting devices of the present inventive subject matter can be electrically connected (or selectively connected) to any desired power source, persons of skill in the art being familiar with a variety of such power sources.
  • Any two or more structural parts of the lighting devices described herein can be integrated. Any structural part of the lighting devices described herein can be provided in two or more parts (which can be held together, if necessary).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Led Device Packages (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'éclairage, comprenant un ou plusieurs groupes d'émetteurs de lumière à l'état solide et un ou plusieurs groupes de luminophores, qui émet un éclairage mixte ayant des coordonnées de couleur x, y dans une zone définie par (0,32, 0,40), (0,36, 0,38), (0,41, 0,455) et (0,36, 0,48). L'invention concerne également de tels dispositifs d'éclairage qui émettent une lumière ayant des coordonnées de couleur x, y dans d'autres zones spécifiques. L'invention concerne en outre de tels dispositifs d'éclairage avec des groupes respectifs qui émettent de la lumière dans deux zones spécifiées, et qui se mélangent pour fournir de la lumière dans de telles zones. En outre, des procédés d'éclairage à partir de tels émetteurs et/ou luminophores sont également décrits.
EP07844933A 2006-11-07 2007-11-07 Dispositif et procédé d'éclairage Ceased EP2095689A2 (fr)

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EP12166894A EP2487996A1 (fr) 2006-11-07 2007-11-07 Dispositif d'éclairage et procédé d'éclairage

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US85730506P 2006-11-07 2006-11-07
PCT/US2007/083861 WO2008058168A2 (fr) 2006-11-07 2007-11-07 Dispositif et procédé d'éclairage

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JP (1) JP2010509788A (fr)
KR (1) KR20090083919A (fr)
CN (1) CN102037785B (fr)
TW (1) TWI475714B (fr)
WO (1) WO2008058168A2 (fr)

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EP2507052A4 (fr) * 2009-12-03 2013-05-29 Res Triangle Inst Dispositifs d'éclairage à nanofibres réfléchissants
WO2013011409A1 (fr) * 2011-07-19 2013-01-24 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif d'eclairage ressemblant a une lampe a incandescence
US20150309085A1 (en) * 2014-04-28 2015-10-29 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Calculating line-to-neutral voltages without a connection to a system neutral or earth ground
CN107889316A (zh) * 2017-12-12 2018-04-06 上海小糸车灯有限公司 汽车信号灯led电子控制模组

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US20060091778A1 (en) * 2004-11-02 2006-05-04 Gelcore, Llc Phosphor blends for green traffic signals

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US4918487A (en) 1989-01-23 1990-04-17 Coulter Systems Corporation Toner applicator for electrophotographic microimagery
US5631190A (en) 1994-10-07 1997-05-20 Cree Research, Inc. Method for producing high efficiency light-emitting diodes and resulting diode structures
US6577073B2 (en) * 2000-05-31 2003-06-10 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Led lamp
KR20080087049A (ko) * 2001-09-03 2008-09-29 마츠시타 덴끼 산교 가부시키가이샤 형광체 층, 반도체발광장치, 반도체발광소자의 제조방법
TW200414572A (en) 2002-11-07 2004-08-01 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd LED lamp
JP2005101296A (ja) * 2003-09-25 2005-04-14 Osram-Melco Ltd 可変色発光ダイオード素子及び可変色発光ダイオードモジュール及び可変色発光ダイオード照明器具
EP1837386B1 (fr) * 2004-12-28 2016-11-23 Nichia Corporation Phosphore de nitrure, procédé de fabrication idoine et dispositif luminescent utilisant du phosphore de nitrure

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US20060091778A1 (en) * 2004-11-02 2006-05-04 Gelcore, Llc Phosphor blends for green traffic signals

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Publication number Publication date
CN102037785A (zh) 2011-04-27
WO2008058168A8 (fr) 2008-09-04
KR20090083919A (ko) 2009-08-04
CN102037785B (zh) 2016-05-04
EP2487996A1 (fr) 2012-08-15
JP2010509788A (ja) 2010-03-25
WO2008058168A2 (fr) 2008-05-15
TW200901504A (en) 2009-01-01
TWI475714B (zh) 2015-03-01

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