EP2092352A1 - Rogowski-sensor und verfahren zum messen eines stromes - Google Patents
Rogowski-sensor und verfahren zum messen eines stromesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2092352A1 EP2092352A1 EP07848083A EP07848083A EP2092352A1 EP 2092352 A1 EP2092352 A1 EP 2092352A1 EP 07848083 A EP07848083 A EP 07848083A EP 07848083 A EP07848083 A EP 07848083A EP 2092352 A1 EP2092352 A1 EP 2092352A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rogowski
- winding
- current
- capacitance
- rogowski coil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
- G01R15/181—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers using coils without a magnetic core, e.g. Rogowski coils
Definitions
- the invention relates to a Rogowski sensor having the features according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a Rogowski sensor is known for example from German patent application DE 198 25 383 Al.
- the prior art Rogowski sensor is for measuring a current of a conductor and includes a Rogowski coil having an electrical winding resistance and an integrator connected to the Rogowski coil.
- the integrator generates an output signal corresponding to the electrical signal to be measured by the Rogowski sensor
- the previously known Rogowski sensor is also equipped with a capacitor circuit having a capacitor, with which the proper condition of the Rogowski coil can be checked.
- the invention has for its object to provide a Rogowski sensor, which has a simple and inexpensive construction and yet provides accurate measurement results.
- the integration device is provided by the winding resistance of the Rogowski coil and one with the two winding terminals of the Rogowski coil. coil-shaped capacitance is formed and that the output signal of the integrator is formed by the voltage applied to the capacitance.
- a significant advantage of the Rogowski sensor according to the invention is the fact that a separate integration device is not required; because in the invention, the integrator is formed solely by a capacitance and the winding resistance of the Rogowski coil.
- Rogowski sensor Another significant advantage of the Rogowski sensor according to the invention is the fact that, despite the simple structure a qualitatively and quantitatively good and potential-separated mapping of the time course of both operating currents and high short-circuit currents with a slowly decaying transient DC component (DC component) via a long period of time is achieved.
- DC component transient DC component
- An additional significant advantage of the Rogowski sensor according to the invention is that, by using a passive integrator consisting of the winding resistance and the capacitance, a control-independent linear transmission behavior without saturation or limitation effects is achieved. For example, neither drift nor offset drift occur.
- Another significant advantage of the Rogowski sensor according to the invention is based on the fact that an adaptation of the Rogowski sensor to the required transmission properties on the one hand and to the needs of the winding technology on the other hand is simply possible by the resistivity and / or the cross section of the winding wire selected accordingly become.
- the capacitance is formed by a capacitor.
- f denotes the frequency of the current to be measured, for example the fundamental frequency or rated frequency.
- the frequency is 50 Hz or 60 Hz.
- the winding resistance is at least 1 k ⁇ , preferably between 10 k ⁇ and 100 k ⁇ .
- the resistivity of the winding wire of the winding is preferably at least 0.05 ⁇ mm 2 / m.
- the conductor cross Section of the winding wire of the winding is preferably in the range of 0.005mm 2 to 0.05mm 2 .
- the Rogowski coil has a winding with at least 1000 turns;
- the number of turns is between 5,000 and 10,000.
- a large number of windings leads to the usually desired high no-load voltage without any insulation problems, because the induced voltage is linearly reduced along the winding resistance.
- capacitance values of at least 1 ⁇ F are considered preferable.
- the capacity is particularly preferably in the range between 1 ⁇ F and 100 ⁇ F.
- the capacitor is connected indirectly, in particular via an electrical transmission line, to the two winding connections of the Rogowski coil, then this can be positioned separately from the Rogowski coil. However, any interference coupled into the transmission line does not appear to be disturbing because it is short-circuited by the capacitor.
- the capacitor can also be connected directly to the two winding terminals of the Rogowski coil.
- the invention also relates to a method of measuring a current of a current conductor having a Rogowski coil having an electrical winding resistance, the method being integrated to produce an output signal proportional to the electrical current to be measured by the Rogowski sensor.
- a Driving is also known from the aforementioned German Offenlegungsschrift DE 198 25 383 A1.
- the invention is in this respect the task of specifying a method that can be carried out easily and inexpensively.
- This object is achieved in that the integration with the winding resistance of the Rogowski coil and connected to the two winding terminals of the Rogowski coil capacitance is performed and that the voltage applied to the capacitance is output as the output signal.
- FIGS. 1-2 a first exemplary embodiment of a Rogowski sensor according to the invention
- FIGS. 3-4 show a second exemplary embodiment of a Rogowski sensor according to the invention
- FIGS. 5-8 show the electrical behavior of the Rogowski sensor according to FIGS. 3-4 and 9 shows a third embodiment of a Rogowski sensor according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a Rogowski sensor 10 in a schematic diagram.
- an electrical transmission line 70 is connected, which connects the Rogowski coil 20 with a capacitor 80.
- the transmission line 70 is preferably formed by a shielded line, for example by one with two twisted individual conductors.
- the capacitor 80 electrically forms a capacitance Ci and thus an "integration capacitor.”
- a voltage Ua (t) which forms the output signal of the Rogowski sensor 10, drops at the terminals of the capacitor 80.
- the current Il (t) - hereinafter also called the primary current - of a primary current conductor 90 can be measured.
- the electrical equivalent circuit diagram of the Rogowski sensor 10 according to FIG. 1 is shown schematically in FIG. It can be seen that the Rogowski coil 20 forms the winding resistance Rr with an induced voltage Ur in Connection stands.
- the induced voltage Ur is based on the magnetic flux linkage ⁇ l with the magnetic flux of the current Il (t) of the current conductor 90th
- the output voltage Ua (t) results from the induced in the mutual inductance M 21 of the Rogowski coil 20 voltage Ur originating from the primary current Il (t) and the divider ratio of the complex voltage divider of winding resistance Rr and the integration capacitor Ci. The following applies:
- f denotes the frequency of the current Il (t) to be measured.
- the mutual inductance can be calculated according to:
- W 2 Number of windings of the sensor r t : Internal radius of the sensor coil r a : External radius of the sensor coil
- a eff effective winding area of the sensor coil
- the output voltage Ua (t) can also be calculated via the flux linkage.
- the output voltage Ua results in this case from the induced in the winding of the sensor by the flux linkage voltage Ur originating from the primary current Il (t) and the divider ratio of the complex voltage divider of winding resistance Rr and integration capacitor Ci:
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view of another embodiment of a Rogowski sensor 10; in this embodiment, it is a cast resin design.
- the Rogowski sensor 10 allows a very accurate mapping of the time course of a current to be measured in the range of operating currents up to large fully displaced short-circuits. Final flow with slowly decaying DC component. Even a timely mapping of the current zero crossings is achieved.
- a winding 40 is applied with 10000 turns of 0.1 mm Cu-Ni enameled wire evenly distributed around the circumference, bandaged and elastically vorvergossen.
- the correspondingly pretreated winding 40 is provided with a screen.
- the structure is cast concentrically around a copper bolt as a primary conductor 90 with casting resin.
- a conductive layer 95 may serve for potential control. In the sensor 10 according to the figure 3 rated voltages up to 24 kV can be realized.
- the winding terminals of the Rogowski coil 20 are led out via a screen tube 96, for example by means of a shielded twisted pair cable.
- the integration capacitor is not shown in FIG. 3; this is arranged directly on the electronics module for signal processing. This has the advantage that interference coupled into the line is largely dissipated by the capacitor.
- the integration capacitor is formed for example by a parallel connection of MKT capacitors and RF-capable COG ceramic capacitors.
- MKT capacitors are inexpensive and achieve the required capacity with a relatively small volume.
- the parallel connection of COG capacitors achieves a filter effect for high-frequency interference couplings.
- the tolerances and temperature response of the capacitors are not particularly demanding. changes. Due to the functional principle, no special requirements are placed on the dielectric strength of the capacitors. The required dielectric strength corresponds to the peak value of the output voltage Ua plus a safety factor.
- the Rogowski coil 20 should only be operated with a connected capacitor - similar to a current transformer that can only be operated with a burden - otherwise there could be a risk of breakdown in the winding.
- FIG. 4 shows the winding carrier 30 in longitudinal section (left) and in cross section (right).
- the winding support 30 is manufactured and ground, for example, as a turned part made of hard tissue.
- the winding is preferably applied with a precision ring winding machine.
- the dynamic behavior of the Rogowski sensor 10 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 was simulated with a mathematical model.
- the counterflow was neglected, which is built up by the secondary flow through the Rogowski coil, since this is only 0.18% of the primary flux. This neglect translates the weakly-feedback system into a system without feedback, resulting in greater stability in the simulation.
- the shifted DC component decays faster in the secondary signal than in the primary current. This results, for example, in a network time constant of 300 ms approx. 0.6 s (see also FIG. 6) a maximum error in the image of the current zero crossings of approx. 0.33 ms.
- FIG. 9 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a Rogowski sensor 10.
- This exemplary embodiment is an attachment sensor for isolated collection. rails or insulated cable cores in medium-voltage and low-voltage switchgear.
- the Rogowski sensor 10 is located in an aluminum housing 300 with an aluminum shell 310 serving as a screen and mechanical protection.
- the aluminum jacket 310 has a circumferential insulating joint 320, so that the aluminum jacket 310 can not act as a short-circuit winding and the measurement result is not falsified.
- a potting compound 325 holds the winding support within the aluminum shell 310 fixed.
- the isolation to the medium voltage or low voltage potential is achieved by the insulation 330 of the primary conductor 90, which is formed for example by a busbar or cable core and is pushed through the Rogowski sensor 10 passes.
- the sizing of the Rogowski coil 20 and of the integration capacitor can be very different depending on the particular application, but it is preferably characterized in that the winding resistance is large (practically in the range of about IkD to about 10OkD), so that this in Connection with the capacitor (range about ⁇ uF to 100 uF) for the frequency range of interest works as an integrator. That is given, if:
- Winding resistance (resulting from number of turns, wire cross-section, specific resistance of the winding wire),
- Deviations from the idealized transfer behavior result to a large extent from winding capacities. These work especially with large numbers of turns and high resistivity of the winding wire. Calculations show that the winding resistance values in the range of 100 k ⁇ . preferably should not significantly exceed. The maximum number of turns can be regarded as a guideline value of approx. 10,000 turns. This value also represents a reasonable limit in terms of production costs with regard to the production costs.
- the design should be such that the capacitance of the capacitor does not exceed the range of 100 ⁇ F, especially if high demands are placed on the measurement accuracy and the permissible error angle.
- Small tolerance and low temperature coefficient capacitors are usually expensive and available with limited capacity. The capacity goes directly into the transmission factor of Secondary voltage to primary current on.
- low-cost MKT capacitors can be used for simple protection applications and operational measurements.
- a Rogowski sensor with the construction according to FIG. 9 can be designed, for example, for the following requirements:
- Ci 20 ⁇ F
- Winding resistance: Rr 10 k ⁇
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006061923A DE102006061923A1 (de) | 2006-12-21 | 2006-12-21 | Rogowski-Sensor und Verfahren zum Messen eines Stromes |
PCT/EP2007/063834 WO2008077798A1 (de) | 2006-12-21 | 2007-12-12 | Rogowski-sensor und verfahren zum messen eines stromes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2092352A1 true EP2092352A1 (de) | 2009-08-26 |
Family
ID=39036801
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07848083A Withdrawn EP2092352A1 (de) | 2006-12-21 | 2007-12-12 | Rogowski-sensor und verfahren zum messen eines stromes |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7969139B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2092352A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102006061923A1 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2009006676A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008077798A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9664711B2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2017-05-30 | Pulse Electronics, Inc. | Current sensing devices and methods |
US9823274B2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2017-11-21 | Pulse Electronics, Inc. | Current sensing inductive devices |
US8743513B2 (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2014-06-03 | Shakira Limited | Arc fault detector for AC or DC installations |
US9081040B2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2015-07-14 | General Electric Company | Sensor devices and methods for use in sensing current through a conductor |
US9075091B2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2015-07-07 | General Electric Company | Sensor devices and methods for use in sensing current through a conductor |
US8912807B2 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2014-12-16 | General Electric Company | Sensor devices and methods for use in sensing current through a conductor |
US9429595B2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2016-08-30 | Aclara Meters Llc | Sensor devices and methods for use in sensing current through a conductor |
US9304149B2 (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2016-04-05 | Pulse Electronics, Inc. | Current sensing devices and methods |
US9921243B2 (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2018-03-20 | Covidien Lp | System and method for voltage and current sensing |
US9671434B2 (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2017-06-06 | Aclara Meters Llc | Sensor devices and methods for use in sensing current through a conductor |
US10281496B2 (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2019-05-07 | Covidien Lp | Electrosurgical generators and sensors |
US10278764B2 (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2019-05-07 | Covidien Lp | Electrosurgical generators and sensors |
US10292753B2 (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2019-05-21 | Covidien Lp | Electrosurgical generators and sensors |
GB2546743B (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2019-02-13 | Shakira Ltd | An arc fault current detector |
CN109765422B (zh) | 2018-12-29 | 2021-04-20 | 华为数字技术(苏州)有限公司 | 电流检测系统、检测电流的方法和检测装置 |
US11437917B2 (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2022-09-06 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Predictive synchronous rectifier sensing and control |
CN113520521B (zh) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-11-03 | 江苏朴芃医疗科技有限公司 | 电流峰值检测装置、高压发生器及血管钙化治疗设备 |
CN113655261B (zh) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-12-22 | 南通大学 | 一种嵌套式微电流互感器及其使用方法 |
CN113917214B (zh) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-10-27 | 中国船舶工业系统工程研究院 | 一种自积分罗氏线圈盘状积分电阻及其制造方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001242198A (ja) * | 2000-03-01 | 2001-09-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 光ct装置 |
US6614218B1 (en) * | 1998-04-22 | 2003-09-02 | Power Electronic Measurements Limited | Current measuring device |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1478330A (fr) | 1965-04-23 | 1967-04-28 | Telemecanique Electrique | Perfectionnement à la mesure des courants industriels jusqu' à des fréquences élevées |
JPS585668A (ja) | 1981-06-30 | 1983-01-13 | Fujitsu Ltd | 検出コイル |
GB9616157D0 (en) * | 1996-08-01 | 1996-09-11 | Switched Reluctance Drives Ltd | Current transducer |
US6366076B1 (en) * | 1997-04-21 | 2002-04-02 | Liaisons Electroniques-Mecaniques Lem Sa | Device with wide passband for measuring electric current intensity in a conductor |
US6184672B1 (en) * | 1997-08-15 | 2001-02-06 | General Electric Company | Current sensor assembly with electrostatic shield |
DE19825383B4 (de) | 1998-05-28 | 2008-07-31 | Siemens Ag | Elektronische Auslöseeinrichtung für einen Leistungsschalter mit einem Rogowski-Stromwandler |
US6313623B1 (en) * | 2000-02-03 | 2001-11-06 | Mcgraw-Edison Company | High precision rogowski coil |
ITPD20040180A1 (it) | 2004-07-06 | 2004-10-06 | Sge Societa Generale Di Elettronica | Dispositivo di misura per applicazioni elettriche |
EP1896859A1 (de) * | 2005-06-29 | 2008-03-12 | Abb Research Ltd. | Vorrichtung zur detektion eines stroms und verfahren zum betrieb einer solchen vorrichtung |
-
2006
- 2006-12-21 DE DE102006061923A patent/DE102006061923A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-12-12 EP EP07848083A patent/EP2092352A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-12-12 MX MX2009006676A patent/MX2009006676A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2007-12-12 US US12/519,812 patent/US7969139B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-12-12 WO PCT/EP2007/063834 patent/WO2008077798A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6614218B1 (en) * | 1998-04-22 | 2003-09-02 | Power Electronic Measurements Limited | Current measuring device |
JP2001242198A (ja) * | 2000-03-01 | 2001-09-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 光ct装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
ARGÜESO MARTA ET AL: "Implementation of a Rogowski coil for the measurement of partial discharges", REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS, AIP, MELVILLE, NY, US, vol. 76, no. 6, 23 May 2005 (2005-05-23), pages 65107 - 065107, XP012079522, ISSN: 0034-6748 * |
KARRER N ET AL: "A NEW CURRENT MEASURING PRINCIPLE FOR POWER ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS", 11TH. INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON POWER SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AND IC S. ISPSD 99. PROCEEDINGS. TORONTO, MAY 26 - 28, 1999; [INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON POWER SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES & IC'S], NEW YORK, NY : IEEE, US, 26 May 1999 (1999-05-26), pages 279 - 282, XP000903590, ISBN: 978-0-7803-5291-9 * |
See also references of WO2008077798A1 * |
YU CUNYI ET AL: "The development of the differential loop and Rogowski coil for measuring pulsed power", HIGH-POWER PARTICLE BEAMS, 1990 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON, IEEE, 2 July 1990 (1990-07-02), pages 815 - 821, XP032292271, ISBN: 978-981-02-0545-4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102006061923A1 (de) | 2008-07-03 |
MX2009006676A (es) | 2009-06-30 |
WO2008077798A1 (de) | 2008-07-03 |
US7969139B2 (en) | 2011-06-28 |
US20100013460A1 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
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