EP2083240A1 - Device for performing controlled melting of a material - Google Patents

Device for performing controlled melting of a material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2083240A1
EP2083240A1 EP09290055A EP09290055A EP2083240A1 EP 2083240 A1 EP2083240 A1 EP 2083240A1 EP 09290055 A EP09290055 A EP 09290055A EP 09290055 A EP09290055 A EP 09290055A EP 2083240 A1 EP2083240 A1 EP 2083240A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
enclosure
grid
grains
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09290055A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2083240B1 (en
Inventor
Guillaume Carre
Patrick Dubreuil
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Nexter Munitions SA
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Nexter Munitions SA
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Priority to PL09290055T priority Critical patent/PL2083240T3/en
Publication of EP2083240A1 publication Critical patent/EP2083240A1/en
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Publication of EP2083240B1 publication Critical patent/EP2083240B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/005—By a process involving melting at least part of the ingredients
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
    • F42B33/02—Filling cartridges, missiles, or fuzes; Inserting propellant or explosive charges
    • F42B33/0214—Filling cartridges, missiles, or fuzes; Inserting propellant or explosive charges by casting
    • F42B33/0235—Heating of casting equipment or explosive charge containers during the loading process

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of devices for controlling the melting of a granular material and in particular of an energetic material, such as an explosive.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome such drawbacks by proposing a device capable of ensuring a continuous and progressive melting of a granular material while limiting the power consumption.
  • the invention also makes it possible to ensure the melting of an energetic material while limiting the risks of autoignition and reducing the mass of material to be maintained in the fused state.
  • the subject of the invention is a device for ensuring the controlled fusion of a meltable material into grains and in particular of an energetic material, device comprising an enclosure connected at its lower part to a thermostatic chamber receiving the molten material, characterized in that the enclosure is separated from the thermostatically controlled chamber by at least one grid formed of heating elements, means being provided to prevent the passage of grains of the material through the grid.
  • the heating elements of the grid are hollow elements inside which circulates a coolant heated to a temperature above the melting temperature of the material.
  • the elements may be parallel tubes between them.
  • the thermostated chamber can be maintained in temperature by heating boxes covering the walls of the chamber.
  • the lower part of the enclosure will also be heated by caissons.
  • the tubes can thus be connected at each of their ends to a connecting box which is itself connected to the heating chambers of the thermostatic chamber, the same coolant circulating in the boxes and tubes.
  • the tubes have a triangular section, a vertex of the triangle being directed towards the enclosure and the base of the triangle opposite said vertex being directed towards the thermostatic chamber.
  • the means for preventing the passage of the grains through the grid may comprise springs with non-contiguous turns which will be put in place in the slots separating the tubes, the turns of the springs determining passages of overall dimensions less than that of the grains.
  • the means making it possible to prevent the passage of the grains through the grid may comprise a dimensioning of the slots separating the tubes of overall dimensions less than that of the grains.
  • the device 1 ensuring the controlled melting of a material 2 comprises an enclosure 3 made of sheet steel which is connected at its lower part to a thermostatic chamber 4 intended to receive the molten material.
  • the enclosure 3 is generally parallelepipedal and open at its upper part.
  • the chamber 4 is maintained at the desired temperature (greater than or equal to the melting temperature of the material 2) by caissons 5 which cover the walls of the chamber 4.
  • These caissons are hollow and there circulates a heat transfer fluid which is heated by a boiler (not shown).
  • the caissons 5 will be connected to the boiler by a pipe 15 ( figure 2 ).
  • the heating boxes 5 comprise an upper part 5a which extends to cover the lower part of the enclosure 3.
  • the chamber 4 is extended by a pipe 10 also thermostated and which is closed by a removable cover 11. This cover is removed when the device is used and the pipe 10 is positioned above a pouring vessel (not shown)
  • the cover 11 is put back on the tubing 10 after use of the device. It is attached to the tubing 10 by connecting means not shown. The lid 11 allows to recover the few drops of material that could flow from the tubing 10.
  • the entire lower part of the device (chamber 4 and tubing 10) is heated to a temperature above the melting temperature of the material 2. This avoids condensation of the molten material on a cold wall.
  • the enclosure 3 is separated from the thermostated chamber 4 by a gate 6 which is here formed by tubes 7 parallel to each other (here nine tubes).
  • the tubes 7 are not contiguous and there remains between each tube a longitudinal slot 8.
  • This slot 8 may be chosen to be smaller than the largest dimension of a grain of the material 2.
  • the gate 6 alone prevents the passage of the grains of the material 2 of the enclosure 3 to the chamber 4.
  • the width of the slot may be arbitrary, but additional means will be provided to prevent the passage of the grains through the gate 6.
  • These means will be constituted for example by elements 14 arranged in the longitudinal slots 8 (see figures 1 and 4 ). These elements 14 are here springs with non-contiguous turns. Each spring 14 will have a length equal to the length of the slot 8 in which it is positioned.
  • the springs are chosen so that their turns determine passages of overall dimensions less than that of the grains.
  • the fact of providing such means to prevent the passage of grains makes it easy to adapt the device according to the invention to different material granulometries 2. Without touching the gate 6, it is sufficient to change the elements 14 to adapt the device to a material of different particle size.
  • the tubes 7 of the grid constitute heating elements.
  • the tubes are connected at each of their ends to a connecting box 9 which is itself connected to the heating boxes 5.
  • the heat transfer fluid circulating in the caissons 5, 5a therefore also circulates in the caissons 9 and inside the 7.
  • the tubes 7 have a triangular section. A vertex 7a of the triangle is directed towards the enclosure 3 and the base 7b of the triangle which is opposite said vertex 7a is oriented towards the thermostated chamber 4.
  • Such an arrangement creates funnels 13 which direct the molten material towards the longitudinal slots 8.
  • This triangular shape also makes it possible to increase the heating surface of the tubes 7, which increases the thermal efficiency of the device.
  • the cylindrical elements (or springs) 14 are arranged in the funnels 13 separating the tubes 7.
  • the springs 14 also slow down the passage of grains until complete melting. They reduce the leakage surface of the slots 8 which is then limited to the clearance between the turns of the springs 14.
  • the springs 14 constitute additional means making it possible to improve the fusion performance of the device.
  • the device begins by bringing to the desired temperature the various boxes 5,5a, 9 and the grid 6.
  • the material to be fused 2 is placed in the granular state in the enclosure 3. This material is only heated at the lower part of the enclosure 3, where the high parts 5a of the boxes are located. 5. The grains of the material which are in contact with the gate 6 will melt and the material will pass to the liquid state and by gravity through the gate 6, by the interstices arranged by the springs 14. The melting of the material is so very progressive.
  • a layer of molten granular material is replaced in contact with the grid 6 by a new layer of material to be melted.
  • the thermal efficiency is optimal because the heating is provided only where it is needed: in the chamber 4 and at the gate 6 and the lower part of the chamber 3 (chamber 4 and tubing 10). It has been seen that the heating of the lower part of the enclosure 3 (downstream of the grid) makes it possible to prevent condensation of the molten material on a cold wall after passing through the gate 6.
  • the triangular shape of the tubes 7 increases the contact surfaces with the material and thus improves the heat transfer.
  • the grid 6 formed of parallel bars may be replaced by a grid formed by a single spirally wound tube.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

The fusion device comprises an enclosure (3) connected to a thermostated chamber (4) receiving a molten material (2) in its lower part, a grid (6) formed by heating elements for separating the enclosure from the thermostated chamber, and a unit to prevent the passage of grains from the material through the grid. The heating elements of the grid are parallel tubes (7) or hollow components within which a coolant reaches a temperature greater than the melting temperature of the material. The thermostated chamber is maintained in a temperature by a hot casing (5) covering walls of the chamber. The fusion device comprises an enclosure (3) connected to a thermostated chamber (4) receiving a molten material (2) in its lower part, a grid (6) formed by heating elements for separating the enclosure from the thermostated chamber, and a unit to prevent the passage of grains from the material through the grid. The heating elements of the grid are parallel tubes (7) or hollow components within which a coolant reaches a temperature greater than the melting temperature of the material. The thermostated chamber is maintained in a temperature by a hot casing (5) covering walls of the chamber. The bottom of the enclosure is heated by the casing. The tubes are connected at each end to a connection casing, which is connected to the hot casing, and have a triangular section. A tip of the triangle is directed towards the enclosure, and a base of the triangle opposite to the tip is directed towards the thermostated chamber. The unit to prevent the passage of grains comprises non-joint coil springs, which are placed in slits separating the tubes. The slit has an overall dimension of less than the dimension of grains.

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des dispositifs permettant de contrôler la fusion d'un matériau en grains et en particulier d'un matériau énergétique, tel un explosif.The technical field of the invention is that of devices for controlling the melting of a granular material and in particular of an energetic material, such as an explosive.

Il est connu de disposer un tel matériau dans une enceinte qui est chauffée par exemple par la circulation d'un liquide thermostaté dans ses parois.It is known to arrange such a material in an enclosure which is heated for example by the circulation of a thermostatically controlled liquid in its walls.

Lorsque le matériau est fondu, on l'évacue par gravité au travers d'une vanne disposée en partie basse de l'enceinte, par exemple pour charger un corps de munition.When the material is melted, it is discharged by gravity through a valve disposed in the lower part of the enclosure, for example to charge a munition body.

Cependant, un tel dispositif présente l'inconvénient, d'une part de consommer une grande quantité d'énergie, et d'autre part de conduire au maintien d'une quantité importante d'un matériau énergétique à l'état fondu dans l'enceinte, ce qui est préjudiciable à la sécurité des opérations.However, such a device has the drawback of consuming a large amount of energy and of maintaining a large quantity of a melt energy material in the pregnant, which is detrimental to the security of operations.

Par ailleurs, le fonctionnement d'un tel dispositif est discontinu, les étapes de fusion alternant avec les étapes de coulée. De plus il existe un gradient de température entre la périphérie du chargement (au contact des parois thermostatées) et le coeur du chargement (éloigné des parois). Il en résulte un risque d'obtenir un chargement fondu non homogène.Moreover, the operation of such a device is discontinuous, the melting steps alternating with the casting steps. In addition there is a temperature gradient between the periphery of the load (in contact with the thermostated walls) and the core of the load (away from the walls). This results in a risk of obtaining a non-homogeneous molten charge.

Il est aussi connu d'utiliser des résistances électriques sous forme de canes qui sont introduites dans le matériau à fusionner. Cependant, une telle solution consomme également beaucoup d'énergie et elle risque de créer des points chauds localisés qui sont dangereux lorsque l'on procède à la fusion d'un matériau énergétique.It is also known to use electrical resistors in the form of canes which are introduced into the material to be fused. However, such a solution also consumes a lot of energy and may create localized hot spots that are dangerous when melting an energetic material.

L'invention a pour but de pallier de tels inconvénients en proposant un dispositif pouvant assurer une fusion continue et progressive d'un matériau en grains tout en limitant la consommation d'énergie.The object of the invention is to overcome such drawbacks by proposing a device capable of ensuring a continuous and progressive melting of a granular material while limiting the power consumption.

L'invention permet également d'assurer la fusion d'un matériau énergétique tout en limitant les risques d'auto-inflammation et en réduisant la masse de matériau à maintenir à l'état fusionné.The invention also makes it possible to ensure the melting of an energetic material while limiting the risks of autoignition and reducing the mass of material to be maintained in the fused state.

Ainsi, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif pour assurer la fusion contrôlée d'un matériau fusionable en grains et en particulier d'un matériau énergétique, dispositif comportant une enceinte reliée à sa partie inférieure à une chambre thermostatée recevant le matériau fondu, dispositif caractérisé en ce que l'enceinte est séparée de la chambre thermostatée par au moins une grille formée d'éléments chauffants, des moyens étant prévus pour empêcher le passage des grains du matériau à travers la grille.Thus, the subject of the invention is a device for ensuring the controlled fusion of a meltable material into grains and in particular of an energetic material, device comprising an enclosure connected at its lower part to a thermostatic chamber receiving the molten material, characterized in that the enclosure is separated from the thermostatically controlled chamber by at least one grid formed of heating elements, means being provided to prevent the passage of grains of the material through the grid.

D'une façon préférée, les éléments chauffants de la grille sont des éléments creux à l'intérieur desquels circule un fluide caloporteur porté à une température supérieure à la température de fusion du matériau.In a preferred manner, the heating elements of the grid are hollow elements inside which circulates a coolant heated to a temperature above the melting temperature of the material.

Les éléments pourront être des tubes parallèles entre eux.The elements may be parallel tubes between them.

La chambre thermostatée pourra être maintenue en température par des caissons de chauffe recouvrant les parois de la chambre.The thermostated chamber can be maintained in temperature by heating boxes covering the walls of the chamber.

D'une façon préférée, la partie inférieure de l'enceinte sera également chauffée par des caissons.In a preferred manner, the lower part of the enclosure will also be heated by caissons.

Les tubes pourront ainsi être reliés à chacune de leurs extrémités à un caisson de liaison qui est lui-même relié aux caissons de chauffe de la chambre thermostatée, le même fluide caloporteur circulant dans les caissons et les tubes.The tubes can thus be connected at each of their ends to a connecting box which is itself connected to the heating chambers of the thermostatic chamber, the same coolant circulating in the boxes and tubes.

Selon un mode particulier de réalisation, les tubes ont une section triangulaire, un sommet du triangle étant dirigé vers l'enceinte et la base du triangle opposée audit sommet étant dirigée vers la chambre thermostatée.According to a particular embodiment, the tubes have a triangular section, a vertex of the triangle being directed towards the enclosure and the base of the triangle opposite said vertex being directed towards the thermostatic chamber.

Les moyens permettant d'empêcher le passage des grains à travers la grille pourront comprendre des ressorts à spires non jointives qui seront mis en place dans les fentes séparant les tubes, les spires des ressorts déterminant des passages de dimensions globales inférieures à celle des grains.The means for preventing the passage of the grains through the grid may comprise springs with non-contiguous turns which will be put in place in the slots separating the tubes, the turns of the springs determining passages of overall dimensions less than that of the grains.

Les moyens permettant d'empêcher le passage des grains à travers la grille pourront comprendre un dimensionnement des fentes séparant les tubes de dimensions globales inférieures à celle des grains.The means making it possible to prevent the passage of the grains through the grid may comprise a dimensioning of the slots separating the tubes of overall dimensions less than that of the grains.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre d'un mode particulier de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés et dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, coupe réalisée suivant le plan dont la trace AA est repérée à la figure 2,
  • la figure 2 est une demi vue en coupe longitudinale de ce dispositif, demi-coupe réalisée suivant le plan dont la trace BB est repérée à la figure 1,
  • la figure 3 est une demi vue de dessus du dispositif, demi vue suivant la flèche C de la figure 1,
  • la figure 4 est une vue agrandie du détail D repéré à la figure 1.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of a particular embodiment, a description given with reference to the appended drawings and in which:
  • the figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a device according to an embodiment of the invention, cut according to the plane whose AA trace is located at the figure 2 ,
  • the figure 2 is a half longitudinal sectional view of this device, half-section made along the plane whose BB trace is located at the figure 1 ,
  • the figure 3 is a half top view of the device, half seen along arrow C of the figure 1 ,
  • the figure 4 is an enlarged view of the detail D identified at the figure 1 .

Le dispositif 1 assurant la fusion contrôlée d'un matériau 2 comporte une enceinte 3 en tôle d'acier qui est reliée à sa partie inférieure à une chambre 4 thermostatée destinée à recevoir le matériau fondu.The device 1 ensuring the controlled melting of a material 2 comprises an enclosure 3 made of sheet steel which is connected at its lower part to a thermostatic chamber 4 intended to receive the molten material.

L'enceinte 3 est globalement parallélépipédique et ouverte à sa partie supérieure. La chambre 4 est maintenue à la température souhaitée (supérieure ou égale à la température de fusion du matériau 2) par des caissons 5 qui recouvrent les parois de la chambre 4. Ces caissons sont creux et il y circule un fluide caloporteur qui est chauffé par une chaudière (non représentée). Les caissons 5 seront reliés à la chaudière par une conduite 15 (figure 2).The enclosure 3 is generally parallelepipedal and open at its upper part. The chamber 4 is maintained at the desired temperature (greater than or equal to the melting temperature of the material 2) by caissons 5 which cover the walls of the chamber 4. These caissons are hollow and there circulates a heat transfer fluid which is heated by a boiler (not shown). The caissons 5 will be connected to the boiler by a pipe 15 ( figure 2 ).

Les caissons de chauffe 5 comportent une partie supérieure 5a qui s'étend jusqu'à couvrir la partie inférieure de l'enceinte 3.The heating boxes 5 comprise an upper part 5a which extends to cover the lower part of the enclosure 3.

La chambre 4 se prolonge par une tubulure 10 elle aussi thermostatée et qui est obturée par un couvercle amovible 11. Ce couvercle est retiré lorsque l'on utilise le dispositif et que la tubulure 10 se trouve positionnée au-dessus d'une cuve de coulée (non représentée).The chamber 4 is extended by a pipe 10 also thermostated and which is closed by a removable cover 11. This cover is removed when the device is used and the pipe 10 is positioned above a pouring vessel (not shown)

Le couvercle 11 est remis en place sur la tubulure 10 après utilisation du dispositif. Il est fixé à la tubulure 10 par des moyens de liaison non représentés. Le couvercle 11 permet de récupérer les quelques gouttes du matériau qui pourraient s'écouler de la tubulure 10.The cover 11 is put back on the tubing 10 after use of the device. It is attached to the tubing 10 by connecting means not shown. The lid 11 allows to recover the few drops of material that could flow from the tubing 10.

Toute la partie basse du dispositif (chambre 4 et tubulure 10) est donc chauffée à une température supérieure à la température de fusion du matériau 2. On évite ainsi une condensation du matériau fondu sur une paroi froide.The entire lower part of the device (chamber 4 and tubing 10) is heated to a temperature above the melting temperature of the material 2. This avoids condensation of the molten material on a cold wall.

L'enceinte 3 est séparée de la chambre thermostatée 4 par une grille 6 qui est ici formée par des tubes 7 parallèles entre eux (ici neuf tubes).The enclosure 3 is separated from the thermostated chamber 4 by a gate 6 which is here formed by tubes 7 parallel to each other (here nine tubes).

Les tubes 7 ne sont pas jointifs et il subsiste entre chaque tube une fente longitudinale 8.The tubes 7 are not contiguous and there remains between each tube a longitudinal slot 8.

La largeur de cette fente 8 pourra être choisie inférieure à la plus grande dimension d'un grain du matériau 2. Ainsi la grille 6 empêchera à elle seule le passage des grains du matériau 2 de l'enceinte 3 à la chambre 4.The width of this slot 8 may be chosen to be smaller than the largest dimension of a grain of the material 2. Thus, the gate 6 alone prevents the passage of the grains of the material 2 of the enclosure 3 to the chamber 4.

D'une façon préférée, la largeur de la fente pourra être quelconque mais on prévoira des moyens complémentaires permettant d'empêcher le passage des grains au travers de la grille 6. Ces moyens seront constitués par exemple par des éléments 14 disposés dans les fentes longitudinales 8 (voir figures 1 et 4). Ces éléments 14 sont ici des ressorts à spires non jointives. Chaque ressort 14 aura une longueur égale à la longueur de la fente 8 dans laquelle il se positionne.In a preferred manner, the width of the slot may be arbitrary, but additional means will be provided to prevent the passage of the grains through the gate 6. These means will be constituted for example by elements 14 arranged in the longitudinal slots 8 (see figures 1 and 4 ). These elements 14 are here springs with non-contiguous turns. Each spring 14 will have a length equal to the length of the slot 8 in which it is positioned.

Les ressorts sont choisis de telle sorte que leurs spires déterminent des passages de dimensions globales inférieures à celle des grains.The springs are chosen so that their turns determine passages of overall dimensions less than that of the grains.

Le fait de prévoir de tels moyens pour empêcher le passage des grains permet d'adapter facilement le dispositif selon l'invention a différentes granulométries de matériau 2. Sans toucher à la grille 6, il suffit ainsi de changer les éléments 14 pour adapter le dispositif à un matériau de granulométrie différente.Les tubes 7 de la grille constituent des éléments chauffants. Les tubes sont reliés à chacune de leurs extrémités à un caisson de liaison 9 qui est lui-même relié aux caissons de chauffe 5.The fact of providing such means to prevent the passage of grains makes it easy to adapt the device according to the invention to different material granulometries 2. Without touching the gate 6, it is sufficient to change the elements 14 to adapt the device to a material of different particle size. The tubes 7 of the grid constitute heating elements. The tubes are connected at each of their ends to a connecting box 9 which is itself connected to the heating boxes 5.

Le fluide caloporteur qui circule dans les caissons 5, 5a circule donc aussi dans les caissons 9 et à l'intérieur des tubes 7. Comme cela est plus particulièrement visible sur la figure 4, les tubes 7 ont une section triangulaire. Un sommet 7a du triangle est dirigé vers l'enceinte 3 et la base 7b du triangle qui est opposée audit sommet 7a est orientée vers la chambre thermostatée 4.The heat transfer fluid circulating in the caissons 5, 5a therefore also circulates in the caissons 9 and inside the 7. As this is particularly visible on the figure 4 , the tubes 7 have a triangular section. A vertex 7a of the triangle is directed towards the enclosure 3 and the base 7b of the triangle which is opposite said vertex 7a is oriented towards the thermostated chamber 4.

Une telle disposition crée des entonnoirs 13 qui dirigent le matériau fondu vers les fentes longitudinales 8. Cette forme en triangle permet par ailleurs d'augmenter la surface de chauffe des tubes 7 ce qui accroît le rendement thermique du dispositif.Such an arrangement creates funnels 13 which direct the molten material towards the longitudinal slots 8. This triangular shape also makes it possible to increase the heating surface of the tubes 7, which increases the thermal efficiency of the device.

On voit sur la figure 4 (et également sur la figure 1) que les éléments cylindriques (ou ressorts) 14 sont disposés dans les entonnoirs 13 séparant les tubes 7. Les ressorts 14 permettent également de ralentir le passage des grains jusqu'à leur fusion complète. Ils réduisent en effet la surface de fuite des fentes 8 qui se limite alors au jeu entre les spires des ressorts 14.We see on the figure 4 (and also on the figure 1 ) that the cylindrical elements (or springs) 14 are arranged in the funnels 13 separating the tubes 7. The springs 14 also slow down the passage of grains until complete melting. They reduce the leakage surface of the slots 8 which is then limited to the clearance between the turns of the springs 14.

On est ainsi assuré que seul le matériau 2 complètement fondu passera dans la chambre thermostatée 4. Il n'y aura donc pas de passage de grains partiellement fondus.It is thus ensured that only the completely molten material 2 will pass into the thermostated chamber 4. There will therefore be no passage of partially melted grains.

Par ailleurs les ressorts 14 constituent des moyens additionnels permettant d'améliorer les performances de fusion du dispositif.In addition, the springs 14 constitute additional means making it possible to improve the fusion performance of the device.

En effet, on a pu constater que lorsqu'on mettait en oeuvre des tubes 7 triangulaires et délimitant des fentes 8 de dimensions réduites (de l'ordre de 1 à 3 millimètres), il se formait un dépôt d'explosif sur le sommet 7a des triangles. Ce dépôt constitue une couche isolante thermique qui finit par ralentir le transfert thermique des tubes 7 vers les grains de matériau, donc la fusion du matériau explosif.Indeed, it has been found that when using triangular tubes 7 and delimiting slits 8 of reduced dimensions (of the order of 1 to 3 millimeters), an explosive deposit was formed on the top 7a. triangles. This deposit constitutes a thermal insulating layer which ends up slowing the heat transfer of the tubes 7 towards the grains of material, thus the melting of the explosive material.

Il y a alors un risque d'encrassement ou de bouchage partiel de la grille 6 formée par les tubes 7.There is then a risk of clogging or partial clogging of the grid 6 formed by the tubes 7.

Avec le dispositif selon l'invention, il devient possible de laisser entre les tubes 7 un espace bien plus large que la dimension moyenne des grains d'explosif. Ces derniers seront retenus par les ressorts 14 qui sont en contact avec les deux tubes 7 adjacents. On pourra ainsi avoir une largeur de fente 8 de l'ordre de huit à douze millimètres alors que les ressorts auront des spires délimitant des espaces de l'ordre de 1 à 2 millimètres.With the device according to the invention, it becomes possible to leave between the tubes 7 a much larger space than the average size of the explosive grains. These will be retained by the springs 14 which are in contact with the two adjacent tubes 7. It will thus be possible to have a slot width 8 of the order of eight to twelve millimeters whereas the springs will have turns defining spaces of the order of 1 to 2 millimeters.

Ces ressorts 14 réalisés en métal conduisent très bien la chaleur provenant des tubes 7 et ils la communiquent aux grains d'explosif qui sont fondus très rapidement à leur contact. Il n'y a plus alors de dépôt de matériau explosif sur les tubes et le transfert thermique est optimal.These springs 14 made of metal conduct very well heat from the tubes 7 and they communicate to explosive grains that are melted very quickly on contact. There is no longer any deposit of explosive material on the tubes and the heat transfer is optimal.

Pour mettre en oeuvre le dispositif, on commence par porter à la température souhaitée les différents caissons 5,5a,9 ainsi que la grille 6.To implement the device, it begins by bringing to the desired temperature the various boxes 5,5a, 9 and the grid 6.

Le matériau à fusionner 2 est mis en place à l'état granulaire dans l'enceinte 3. Ce matériau ne se trouve chauffé qu'au niveau de la partie basse de l'enceinte 3, là où se trouvent les parties hautes 5a des caissons 5. Les grains du matériau qui sont au contact de la grille 6 vont fondre et le matériau va passer à l'état liquide et par gravité au travers de la grille 6, par les interstices aménagés par les ressorts 14. La fusion du matériau est ainsi très progressive.The material to be fused 2 is placed in the granular state in the enclosure 3. This material is only heated at the lower part of the enclosure 3, where the high parts 5a of the boxes are located. 5. The grains of the material which are in contact with the gate 6 will melt and the material will pass to the liquid state and by gravity through the gate 6, by the interstices arranged by the springs 14. The melting of the material is so very progressive.

Une couche de matériau granulaire fondue est remplacée au contact de la grille 6 par une nouvelle couche de matériau à fondre. Le rendement thermique est optimal car la chauffe n'est assurée que là où elle est nécessaire : dans la chambre 4 et au niveau de la grille 6 ainsi que de la partie inférieure de l'enceinte 3 (chambre 4 et tubulure 10). On a vu que la chauffe de la partie inférieure de l'enceinte 3 (en aval de la grille) permettait d'éviter une condensation du matériau fondu sur une paroi froide après sa traversée de la grille 6.A layer of molten granular material is replaced in contact with the grid 6 by a new layer of material to be melted. The thermal efficiency is optimal because the heating is provided only where it is needed: in the chamber 4 and at the gate 6 and the lower part of the chamber 3 (chamber 4 and tubing 10). It has been seen that the heating of the lower part of the enclosure 3 (downstream of the grid) makes it possible to prevent condensation of the molten material on a cold wall after passing through the gate 6.

Par ailleurs, la forme triangulaire des tubes 7 augmente les surfaces de contact avec le matériau et améliore donc le transfert thermique.Moreover, the triangular shape of the tubes 7 increases the contact surfaces with the material and thus improves the heat transfer.

Il n'y a pas à l'intérieur de l'enceinte 3 de masse de matériau fondu importante. Ceci améliore la sécurité du dispositif lorsqu'il est mis en oeuvre pour faire fondre un matériau énergétique, par exemple un explosif comme le trinitrotoluène afin de charger des corps de munition.There is no inside the chamber 3 of mass of important molten material. This improves the safety of the device when it is used to melt an energetic material, for example an explosive such as trinitrotoluene to charge ammunition bodies.

Diverses variantes sont possibles sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Various variants are possible without departing from the scope of the invention.

On pourra par exemple remplacer la grille 6 formée de barreaux parallèles par une grille formée par une tubulure unique enroulée en spirale.For example, the grid 6 formed of parallel bars may be replaced by a grid formed by a single spirally wound tube.

Claims (9)

Dispositif (1) pour assurer la fusion contrôlée d'un matériau fusionable (2) en grains et en particulier d'un matériau énergétique, dispositif comportant une enceinte (3) reliée à sa partie inférieure à une chambre thermostatée (4) recevant le matériau fondu, dispositif caractérisé en ce que l'enceinte (3) est séparée de la chambre thermostatée (4) par au moins une grille (6) formée d'éléments chauffants, des moyens (14) étant prévus pour empêcher le passage des grains du matériau (2) à travers la grille (6).Device (1) for ensuring the controlled fusion of a fusible material (2) in grains and in particular of an energetic material, device comprising an enclosure (3) connected at its lower part to a thermostatic chamber (4) receiving the material melted device characterized in that the enclosure (3) is separated from the thermostated chamber (4) by at least one grid (6) formed of heating elements, means (14) being provided to prevent the passage of grains of the material (2) through the grid (6). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments chauffants de la grille (6) sont des éléments creux à l'intérieur desquels circule un fluide caloporteur porté à une température supérieure à la température de fusion du matériau (2).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating elements of the grid (6) are hollow elements inside which circulates a coolant heated to a temperature above the melting temperature of the material (2). Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les éléments sont des tubes (7) parallèles entre eux.Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the elements are tubes (7) parallel to each other. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la chambre thermostatée (4) est maintenue en température par des caissons (5) de chauffe recouvrant les parois de la chambre (4).Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the thermostatic chamber (4) is maintained in temperature by heating chambers (5) covering the walls of the chamber (4). Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la partie inférieure de l'enceinte (3) est également chauffée par des caissons (5a).Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the lower part of the enclosure (3) is also heated by caissons (5a). Dispositif selon les revendications 3 et 4, caractérisé en ce que les tubes (7) sont reliés à chacune de leurs extrémités à un caisson de liaison (9) qui est lui-même relié aux caissons de chauffe (5) de la chambre thermostatée (4), le même fluide caloporteur circulant dans les caissons (5,9) et les tubes (7).Device according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the tubes (7) are connected at each of their ends to a connecting box (9) which is itself connected to the heating chambers (5) of the thermostatic chamber ( 4), the same coolant circulating in the boxes (5,9) and the tubes (7). Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les tubes (7) ont une section triangulaire, un sommet (7a) du triangle étant dirigé vers l'enceinte (3) et la base (7b) du triangle opposée audit sommet (7a) étant dirigée vers la chambre thermostatée (4).Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the tubes (7) have a triangular section, a vertex (7a) of the triangle being directed towards the enclosure (3) and the base (7b) of the triangle opposite said vertex (7a) being directed towards the thermostatic chamber (4). Dispositif selon une des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens permettant d'empêcher le passage des grains à travers la grille (6) comprennent des ressorts (14) à spires non jointives qui sont mis en place dans les fentes (8) séparant les tubes (7), les spires des ressorts (14) déterminant des passages de dimensions globales inférieures à celle des grains.Device according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the means for preventing the passage of grains through the grid (6) comprise springs (14) with non-contiguous turns which are put in place in the slots (8) separating the tubes (7), the turns of the springs (14) determining passages of overall dimensions less than that of the grains. Dispositif selon une des revendications 3 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les moyens permettant d'empêcher le passage des grains à travers la grille (6) comprennent un dimensionnement des fentes (8) séparant les tubes (7) de dimensions globales inférieures à celle des grains.Device according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the means for preventing the passage of the grains through the gate (6) comprise a dimensioning of the slots (8) separating the tubes (7) of overall dimensions less than that seeds.
EP09290055A 2008-01-28 2009-01-27 Device for performing controlled melting of a material Active EP2083240B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL09290055T PL2083240T3 (en) 2008-01-28 2009-01-27 Device for performing controlled melting of a material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0800424A FR2926811B1 (en) 2008-01-28 2008-01-28 DEVICE FOR ENSURING CONTROLLED MERGING OF A MATERIAL

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EP2083240A1 true EP2083240A1 (en) 2009-07-29
EP2083240B1 EP2083240B1 (en) 2012-03-21

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EP (1) EP2083240B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE550626T1 (en)
DK (1) DK2083240T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2384539T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2926811B1 (en)
PL (1) PL2083240T3 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112361902A (en) * 2020-11-14 2021-02-12 邵阳三化有限责任公司 Emulsion explosive powder charge constant temperature equipment

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2227845A (en) * 1940-02-09 1941-01-07 George D Rogers Continuous explosive melt unit
GB2024194A (en) * 1978-06-05 1980-01-09 Wasagchemie Ag A melting apparatus for explosives

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2227845A (en) * 1940-02-09 1941-01-07 George D Rogers Continuous explosive melt unit
GB2024194A (en) * 1978-06-05 1980-01-09 Wasagchemie Ag A melting apparatus for explosives

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112361902A (en) * 2020-11-14 2021-02-12 邵阳三化有限责任公司 Emulsion explosive powder charge constant temperature equipment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2083240B1 (en) 2012-03-21
ATE550626T1 (en) 2012-04-15
ES2384539T3 (en) 2012-07-06
FR2926811A1 (en) 2009-07-31
DK2083240T3 (en) 2012-05-14
FR2926811B1 (en) 2010-08-27
PL2083240T3 (en) 2012-08-31

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