EP2063993B1 - Vibration mill having sliding guide - Google Patents

Abstract

The mill (1) has a grinding unit (4), and an oscillating drive provided for oscillating the grinding unit. The oscillating drive is fastened to a holding device (2) for transmission of forces acting parallel to a vibration plane to the holding device, and the grinding unit is displaceably mounted plane-parallel to a vibration plane (S) by using a sliding guide (12) that engages the grinding unit. The sliding guide has a guiding unit that projects over a housing base contour of the grinding unit and connected fixedly with the grinding unit.

Description

The invention relates to a vibrating mill, preferably a disc vibrating mill, comprising a grinding unit and a vibrating drive, by means of which the grinding unit can be excited to oscillate.

A vibratory mill of this kind is known in the art CH509102 or DE 38 34 456 C2 known. In such known vibratory mills, it can come by the type of suspension or installation on a solid footprint not only to a desired oscillation of the grinding vessel in a parallel to the grinding ground swing level, but also to vertical oscillations and tilting movements. In so-called disc-type vibrating mills, in which a milling space delimited by a lateral grinding wall, a lower grinding ground and an upper grinding lid is generally accommodated, a grinding stone and / or a milling ring which still surrounds it with lateral movement play or vibration play for comminution of grinding stock However, due to the oscillatory movement of the grinding elements also required small vertical movement play caused by the vibration drive vertical vibrations and tilting movements of the mowing unit adversely affect.

On this basis, the invention has the object, advantageously further develop a vibrating mill of the type mentioned, so that in particular vertical vibrations and tilting movements of the grinder and related disadvantages are avoided as much as possible.

The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1.

Thus, it can be ensured that the grinding unit only moves parallel to the plane of the plane, i.e. parallel movements. Moving movements and in particular rotational movements practically without movement component perpendicular to the swinging level performs. The holding device can be a frame-type device or a holding frame which has a high rigidity and to which both the oscillating drive and at least one guide counter-element of the sliding guide can be attached. The swinging plane is in the context of the invention, a practically solid reference plane, within or parallel to the only movements of the grinding unit according to the vibration excitation are possible. This mobility thus includes displacements and rotations in which no appreciable component of motion perpendicular to the said swing plane is included. The sliding guide is adapted insofar that the grinding unit can not perform any rotational or tilting movements about axes of rotation parallel to the swinging plane and no movements perpendicular to the swinging plane. The term sliding guide includes any types of corresponding plane parallel guides. In particular, slideways formed from surfaces of two or more guiding or sliding elements which slide directly along one another and which, with a suitable coating (eg with plastic, such as, for example, PTFE), can either slide dry or with the use of a lubricant. In addition to such direct sliding guides are also those in which separate sliding or rolling elements are used between the elements guided to each other.

Alternatively or in combination, there is the possibility that the milling unit is held parallel to the plane movable to an eccentric drive plane determined by an eccentric rotation of the oscillating drive. It is considered appropriate that the oscillating drive attached to the holding device suitable for transmitting forces acting parallel to the rocking plane forces on the holding device, preferably flanged to it is. A possible embodiment may consist in that the sliding guide at least one laterally over the housing base contour of the milling unit projecting, with the milling unit firmly connected guide element and at least one fixed to the holding device, the guide element with respect to a projection on the swing plane overlapping, parallel to the guide element guide counter-element having. In this connection it is also preferred that the grinding wall is surrounded by a housing part, preferably by a housing ring, of the grinding unit, that the housing part is fixedly connected to an upper plate-like guide element and to a lower plate-like guide element spaced parallel thereto, the plate-like guide elements Embrace guide counter-element to form the slide. This represents a stable and at the same time functionally reliable construction. On the upper guide element, a first guide surface can be provided on the lower side and a second guide surface parallel thereto on the upper guide element, wherein parallel guide surfaces are assigned to the guide surfaces on the guide counter element. To achieve a virtually play-free sliding guide, the vertical distance between the first and second guide surfaces can approximately correspond to the vertical distance between the associated first and second guide opposing surfaces. Favorable conditions for the guidance are achieved when the sliding guide on the milling unit acts at least approximately at the height of the center of gravity of the milling unit and / or approximately at the height of the center of gravity of the grinding wall and / or a grinding ring and / or a grinding stone. A preferred embodiment is seen in that the upper guide surface at or above the grinding chamber and that the lower guide surface is arranged at or below the grinding chamber. A particularly reliable training is possible because the guide counter element a housing portion of the milling unit, preferably the housing ring, with respect to the management level, leaving one for the oscillating drive sufficient lateral space, preferably along the entire circumference, surrounds. In this context, it is further preferred that the housing ring, which may have a cylindrical outer wall, is arranged with lateral play in a preferably round or cylindrical center opening of the guide counter element and the plate-like guide elements survive in any possible oscillating position of the milling unit on the edge of the central opening , With respect to the oscillating drive, there is the possibility that it has a drive motor attached to the holding device, which rotatably drives an eccentric in an eccentric drive plane, and that the eccentric acts on the grinder for vibrational excitation. Specifically, the eccentric can have an eccentric pin which engages in a pivot bearing, for example a ball bearing, accommodated on the milling unit, preferably on the underside. In order to avoid a temperature increase generated by the frictional heat, especially during prolonged operation, the milling unit may comprise a cooling device acting on the grinding wall, which preferably has at least one cooling channel which is directly adjoining the grinding wall on the outside. In order to be able to remove the comminuted material from the grinding chamber after the grinding process, a discharge channel can be present, which then surrounds the grinding plate along its circumference, in the cross section radially outward and downwards. During the grinding operation, the grinding floor can adjoin with its edge directly to the lateral grinding wall, on the other hand be moved to divert the comminuted material to be ground in the discharge channel in a position moved away from the grinding wall, so that a passage from the grinding chamber to the discharge channel. It is preferred that the grinding floor in the milling unit by means of a two-sided effective lifting device, preferably by means of a two-sided effective pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder-piston unit, is vertically adjustable relative to the movement or rocking plane of the milling unit. According to another aspect, the pivot bearing on the upper side with a base plate of the milling unit be connected, which forms a basis for the two-sided effective lifting element. To achieve a tilt-free adjusting movement of the piston can be supported in each case rigidly to the housing of the milling unit and to the grinding floor. In order to achieve mass balance with regard to the eccentric vibration excitation of the grinding unit, an eccentric counterweight driven by the drive motor can be present, which is preferably adjustable to adapt to different operating conditions.

Fig.1

eine Schnittansicht durch eine erfindungsgemäße Schwingmühle gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform,

Fig. 2

eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung des Ausschnittes II in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine Seitenansicht in Blickrichtung III gemäß Fig. 1 und

Fig. 4

den Teilschnitt IV gemäß Fig. 3.

The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying figures, in which a preferred embodiment is shown. It shows:

Fig.1

a sectional view through a vibrating mill according to the invention according to a preferred embodiment,

Fig. 2

a detail enlargement of the section II in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3

a side view in the direction of III according to Fig. 1 and

Fig. 4

the partial section IV according to Fig. 3 ,

Fig. 1 shows in sectional view a vibrating mill 1 according to the invention, especially a disc vibrating mill, according to a preferred embodiment. This has a frame-like, ie in itself rigid holding device 2, an attached oscillating drive 3 and one thereof to rotary vibrations stimulable milling unit 4. The grinding unit 4 represents a module that can be excited into vibrations by a separate vibratory drive that acts on the counting unit for receiving and comminuting grinding stock. The grinding unit comprises a grinding wall 5, a grinding bottom 6 and a grinding lid 7, which together have a grinding chamber 8. In this can be entered through a grinding through the grinder 7 opening 9 an in the vibratory mill to be crushed, not shown with regrind, such as, for example, a granular material sample of rock, ore or slag. The comminution can preferably be carried out down to a particle size in the order of microns and, for example, for the preparation of the ground material for material analysis, eg. For the investigation of the composition by means of an X-ray spectrometer serve. The comminution of the ground material takes place in that due to its smaller compared to the grinding ground 6 dimensions in the grinding chamber 8 movable millstone 10 according to the vibratory drive in said grinding chamber performs movements, wherein the millbase in the constantly changing in width grinding gap 11 between the grinding wall 5 and Mahlstein 10 is crushed. In order to obtain small particle sizes and a size distribution that is as uniform as possible, it is preferable (as shown) for a grinding gap that is as parallel as possible to be formed. Alternatively or in combination to the in Fig. 1 shown, designed as a solid body millstone 10 may be in the grinding chamber a so-called. Mahlring (not shown) added. In combined application, the dimensions or diameter are adjusted so that the grinding ring within the grinding wall 5 and the grinding stone within the Mahlringes slidably rests on the grinding base 6. During the grinding operation, the grinding unit 4 by means of the oscillating drive 3 in the reference to Fig. 2 further described manner excited to torsional vibrations. In order to achieve that in this case the components of the milling unit bordering the grinding chamber 8 can be moved, ie displaced and / or rotated, only parallel to the plane with respect to a reference plane perpendicular to the grinding floor surface, a sliding guide designated as a whole with 12 engages the milling unit 4. This ensures that the grinding unit 4 is held on the holding device 2 only plane-parallel movable to a swing plane as a respect. With respect to the holding device as spatially fixed reference plane. The direction of the swing plane is given by the sliding guide 12 or by the direction of their sliding surfaces and extends in the embodiment shown in the direction or parallel to the surface of the grinding ground 6. To indicate this schematically, is in Fig. 1 by way of example the direction of the rocking plane S (for shifting from the grinding ground shifted upward) indicated. In the example shown, the frame-like holding device 2 from a number of fixedly on a shelf 13 uprights 14, a mounted thereon, for example bolted bearing plate 15 and turn a group of substantially rigidly upstanding from the bearing plate 15 supports 16, in which it is in the example chosen, but not necessary to extruded profiles trained. On the vertical, the Mahleinheit 4 facing surfaces of the supports 16 each L 17 is attached by means of screws 17 an L-profile. Whose each of the support 16 to the milling unit 4 protruding leg is screwed in the region of its free end to an outer annular flange 19 of the grinding unit 4 thereby holding in the vertical direction ring member. This is at the same time the guide counter-element 20, which forms the sliding guide 12 together with an upper and a lower guide element 21, 22. The preferably closed at its periphery guide counter-element 20 surrounds a housing portion of the milling unit 4, in the example shown specifically a housing ring 23, with respect to the guide plane S, leaving a sufficient for the oscillating drive lateral clearance 24. The housing ring 23, with the upper and lower plate-like Guide elements 21, 22 is fixedly connected by means of screws 25, is positively guided within the passage opening 26 of the guide counter-element 20 by means of the sliding guide 12 plane-parallel to the swing plane S. This has the consequence that the entire milling unit 4 only movements, ie displacements and rotations, plane parallel to the swing plane S, ie can perform without perpendicular motion component. A corresponding vibration movement is determined by the in Fig. 1 generated with illustrated oscillating drive 3. This includes in the example shown a drive motor 27 (here an electric motor), which is flanged by means of a bearing flange 28 from below to the bearing plate 15. On the motor shaft 29 is a rotationally locking a total of the drive eccentric 30 designated component held, the motor facing, concentric to the motor shaft 29 sleeve portion 31 is rotatably mounted in a recorded from the bearing flange 28 engine mount 32. One of the section 31 in extension eccentric (see eccentricity e in Fig. 2 ) outgoing eccentric pin 33 engages in a on the milling unit 4 on the underside recorded in a bearing receptacle 34 pivot bearing 35. By the rotation of the eccentric pin 33 is perpendicular to the motor shaft 29 eccentric E (see. Fig. 2 ) defined, which is parallel to the swing plane S spaced. It becomes clear that the oscillating drive 3 is mounted on the holding device 2 suitable for transmitting forces acting parallel to the oscillating plane S on the holding device 2.

Fig. 2 illustrated by an enlarged detail of the section II Fig. 1 some more constructive details. With regard to the sliding guide 12, a guide surface 36 is provided on the upper guide element 21 on the underside, and a further guide surface 37 parallel thereto is provided on the upper guide element 22 on the upper side. The surfaces 36, 37 are assigned to the guide counter-element 20, which has the function of a sliding ring, respectively upper and lower side parallel guide counter surfaces 38, 39. Only schematically, a center of gravity 40 is indicated to show that the sliding guide 12 engages the grinding unit 4 approximately at the height of this center of gravity 40. Specifically, namely, the upper guide surface 36 above the grinding chamber 8 and the lower guide surface 37 is arranged approximately at the height of the height-adjustable grinding ground 6. In this respect shows Fig. 2 (deviating from Fig. 1 for the grinding operation) to be selected for emptying comminuted material to be ground from the grinding chamber 8 to lower travel position of the grinding ground. In this, the grinding soil 6 with the grinding wall 5 edges edged a gap 41, through which the comminuted regrind passes, due to centrifugal forces, into the likewise annularly extending discharge channel 42, offset in cross section radially outwards and downwards. Along the discharge channel 42, the material to be ground is transported by the oscillating movement to a discharge area 43 and finally to an outlet 44. The adjustment of the ground floor 6 can be done by means of a bidirectional lifting device 45, in the example of a pneumatic cylinder-piston unit by means of selective pressurization of an upper or lower pressure chamber 46, 47. The pivot bearing 35 is the upper side connected to a base plate 51 of the milling unit 4, which forms the basis for said cylinder-piston unit. The guided therein piston 45 'is rigidly supported at its remote cross section to achieve a possible tilt-free adjustment relative to the housing of the milling unit and the grinding ground. Fig. 1 also shows that a gap sufficient for the lateral movement of the grinding element (also with regard to the grinding material present) remains between the upper side of the grinding stone 10 and the underside of the grinding cover 7 inserted into the guide element 21 (see distance A). By preventing tilting of the refining elements relative to one another and with respect to the refining wall, the grinding gaps formed are kept bounded in parallel, which has an advantageous effect on the achievable particle size and equalization of the particle size during the grinding operation. However, the sliding block 10 is not excited to jump or tilting due to the comparatively low-play sliding guide 12, but only with respect to the swing plane S parallel vibrations. In order to achieve a mass balance with respect to the grinding unit excited eccentrically to torsional vibrations, an eccentric counterweight 48, the contour of which is on an eccentric longitudinal section of the drive eccentric 30 Fig. 4 can be seen, postponed and can be secured in an adjustable circumferential position with a screw 49. Finally, the grinding unit 4 also comprises a cooling device acting on the grinding wall 5, which in the exemplary embodiment has an outside on the grinding wall 5 has immediately adjacent cooling channel 50. This can be flowed through by a coolant, such as, for example, water, which is passed through inlets and outlets, not shown in the drawing, so that in particular in connection with an external cooling unit with a control or regulation a targeted temperature control is possible.

All disclosed features are essential to the invention. The disclosure of the associated / attached priority documents (copy of the prior application) is hereby also incorporated in full in the disclosure of the application, also for the purpose of including features of these documents in claims of the present application.

Claims (15)

1. Vibration mill, in particular a disc vibration mill, comprising a grinding unit and an oscillating drive with which oscillations can be induced in the grinding unit, a holding means (2) being provided to which the oscillating drive (3) is attached and on which the grinding unit (4) is held so as to be movable in a plane parallel to an oscillation plane (S) by means of at least one sliding guide (12), which acts on the grinding unit (4), characterised in that the grinding unit (4) is held so as to be movable in a plane parallel to a reference plane spanned by the grinding base (6) thereof.
2. Vibration mill according to claim 1, characterised in that the grinding unit (4) is held so as to be movable in a plane parallel to an eccentric drive mechanism plane (E) determined by the eccentric rotation of the oscillating drive (3).
3. Vibration mill according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the oscillating drive (3) is attached, in particular flanged, to the holding means (2) in a suitable manner for transferring to the holding means (2) forces acting parallel to the oscillation plane (S).
4. Vibration mill according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sliding guide (12) comprises at least one guide member (21, 22), which projects laterally over the housing base contour of the grinding unit (4) and is rigidly connected to the grinding unit (4), and at least one guide counter member (20), which is rigidly connected to the holding means (2), overlaps the guide member (21, 22) in terms of a projection onto the oscillation plane (S) and is parallel to the guide member (21, 22).
5. Vibration mill according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the grinding wall (5), delimiting the grinding space, of the grinding unit (4) is enclosed by a housing component, in particular by a housing ring (23), of the grinding unit (4), and in that the housing component is rigidly connected to an upper plate-like guide member (21) and to a lower plate-like guide member (22) arranged parallel thereto at a distance, the plate-like guide members (21, 22) engaging around the guide counter member (20) to form the sliding guide (12).
6. Vibration mill according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that a guide surface (36) is provided on the lower side of the upper guide member (21) and a further guide surface (37) parallel thereto is provided on the upper side of the lower guide member (22), and in that respective parallel guide counter surfaces (38, 39) are associated with the guide surfaces (36, 37) on the guide counter member (20).
7. Vibration mill according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sliding guide (12) acts on the grinding unit (4) at least approximately at the level of the centre of gravity (40) of the grinding unit (4) and/or approximately at the level of the centre of gravity of the grinding wall (4) and/or of a grinding ring and/or of a grindstone (10).
8. Vibration mill according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the upper guide surface (36) is arranged at the level of or above the grinding space (8), and in that the lower guide surface (37) is arranged at the level of or below the grinding space (8).
9. Vibration mill according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the guide counter member (20) surrounds a housing region of the grinding unit (4), in particular the housing ring (23) thereof, in relation to the guide plane (S), leaving sufficient clearance (24) for the oscillating drive, in particular over the entire periphery thereof.
10. Vibration mill according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the housing ring (23) is arranged with lateral vibrational play in a through-hole (26), in particular a circular through-hole, of the guide counter member (20), and the plate-like guide members (21, 22) project over the edge of the through-hole (26) in every possible position of the oscillation of the grinding unit (4).
11. Vibration mill according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the oscillating drive (3) comprises a drive motor (27), which is fixed to the holding means (2) and which drives a drive cam (30) in rotation in an eccentric drive mechanism plane (E), and in that the drive cam (30) engages with the grinding unit (4) to induce oscillations.
12. Vibration mill according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the drive cam (30) comprises a cam pin (33), which engages in a rotational bearing (35), in particular a ball bearing, which is accommodated on the grinding unit (4), in particular on the lower side thereof.
13. Vibration mill according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the position of the grinding base (6) in the grinding unit (4) can be adjusted perpendicular to the plane of motion (S) of the grinding unit (4) using a bidirectional lifting device (45), in particular using a bidirectional pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder-piston unit.
14. Vibration mill according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the rotational bearing (35) is connected on the upper side to a base plate (51) of the grinding unit (4), which forms a base for the bidirectional lifting device (45), and in that the piston (45') is supported in such a way as to be inflexible relative to the housing of the grinding unit (4) and to the grinding base (6) so as to provide tilt-free displacement.
15. Vibration mill according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one counterweight (48), in particular a displaceable counterweight, is driven by the drive motor (27) for weight compensation.

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