EP2061369A1 - Dispositif pour déceler l'acuité visuelle de lecture - Google Patents

Dispositif pour déceler l'acuité visuelle de lecture

Info

Publication number
EP2061369A1
EP2061369A1 EP07815184A EP07815184A EP2061369A1 EP 2061369 A1 EP2061369 A1 EP 2061369A1 EP 07815184 A EP07815184 A EP 07815184A EP 07815184 A EP07815184 A EP 07815184A EP 2061369 A1 EP2061369 A1 EP 2061369A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reading
subject
distance
graphics
texts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07815184A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2061369B1 (fr
Inventor
Alois K. Dexl
Günther Grabner
Horst Schlögel
Michael Wolfbauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT0083206U external-priority patent/AT9488U1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PL07815184T priority Critical patent/PL2061369T3/pl
Publication of EP2061369A1 publication Critical patent/EP2061369A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2061369B1 publication Critical patent/EP2061369B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
    • A61B3/028—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing visual acuity; for determination of refraction, e.g. phoropters
    • A61B3/032—Devices for presenting test symbols or characters, e.g. test chart projectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for detecting the visual acuity (visual acuity) especially when reading texts (near or Lesevisus, English 'near vision acuity' or 'reading acuit /). Near vision, which is determined in terms of reading text, is also called reading.
  • Devices of this type are known in principle.
  • the person whose visual acuity is to be determined (the test person / the test person) visually presents a graphic or graphically represented symbols, letters or text and checks whether these or specific features are recognized correctly.
  • This regularly more or less standardized graphical symbols or characters are used, in particular Radner reading boards, panels with differently oriented Landolt C symbols or the letter board according to Snellen.
  • Devices for assisting vision determination are described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 6,422,700 and 6,663,241.
  • a device which can be used to determine the visual acuity when reading text by a subject, with a presentation surface on which a number of graphics with text of different font size can be displayed, and a microphone for recording utterances of the subject when reading the Texts is equipped, as well as with a computer device which is adapted to derive from the microphone recordings beginning and end of the reading process and to determine a distanzkorrig faced Lesevisus of the subject.
  • a reading distance is not predetermined, but the subject can choose this freely and also change during the Visusbestirnrnung, without thereby affecting the measurement process. Only because the test person can freely choose the reading distance, also different for different font sizes, a realistic, the true life appropriate measurement of Lesevisus is possible.
  • Preferred embodiments of the invention have either a lighting system permanently connected to the presentation surface with at least one illumination means and a light meter for measuring the illumination prevailing in the area of the texts / graphics (in the sense of a luminance or illuminance), and a control circuit for adjusting the light emanating from the illumination means Luminous intensity over the light meter to a desired value of the illumination, with the possibility of using different forms of glare which thereby sets on the texts / graphics), or a display with a maximum of 0.166 mm point distance with computer-controlled adjustment of luminance, luminance contrast and Color, with the possibility of using different forms of glare.
  • the light meter may advantageously be a light sensor located in or on the presentation surface.
  • the calculation of the distance corrected reading can be done simply, based on a mathematical relationship (see the equation below) using the reading distance and the logarithm of the font size of a text still readable by the subject. If appropriate, the angle of inclination of the reading material can also be taken into account mathematically.
  • the reading process can be made more pleasant for the subject if the presentation surface can be tilted toward the subject by a pitch axis parallel to the right-and-left axis of the subject.
  • the computer device can additionally be set up to derive from the microphone recordings the beginning and end of the reading process and to calculate therefrom a reading speed depending on the length of the respectively read text.
  • the means for measuring the reading distance may advantageously be a photometric device adapted to determine the position of a reference point on the face of the subject, preferably in the area of the eyes, which in relation to the position of the presentation area for calculating the reading distance can be set.
  • This face eg the root of the nose or the middle bridge of a spectacle frame, can be detected directly or be marked by means of a mark or color spots.
  • the mark or color spot may then be e.g. be executed in daylight color and illuminated during the measurement process with suitable UV LEDs.
  • FIG. 1a shows a reading station arrangement with display (SRD-2) according to the invention in a side view from the right
  • FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of FIG. 1 in a front view
  • FIG. 2a shows the arrangement of Fig. Ia in a front view
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of the arrangement of FIG. 1, FIG.
  • FIG. 3a is a schematic block diagram of the arrangement of Fig. Ia.
  • Fig. 4 to 6 different dialog windows of the associated control and measurement software.
  • the following exemplary embodiment relates to an arrangement SRD-I or SRD-2, which is also referred to as the Salzburg Reading Desk according to its place of origin and which is used to determine the distance-corrected reading cycle including the photometrically measured average reading distance and simultaneous measurement and logging of the reading speed.
  • the reading angle and the standardized illumination, or when using a display with different luminance, luminance contrast and color, with the possibility of using different forms of glare (glare) is used.
  • the invention is not limited to this embodiment SRD.
  • the arrangement consists of a lectern-like test place, which is shown in Fig. 1 and Ia, and a control computer as a control device, for example by means of a personal computer or laptop computer (reference numeral 15 in Figure 3 and 3a) with implemented suitable control and measurement software.
  • reading cards can be offered as incident-light or transmitted-light templates on the display of a test subject.
  • Each template has a standardized text with standardized font size and preferably standardized content.
  • the subject reads (or tries) the text from the template and, as a result, a (tentative) reading experience is determined.
  • the device additionally has a device for determining the reading distance, preferably realized by means of cameras. The reading distance is measured, preferably during the reading process, and a distance-corrected reading period is calculated from the reading distance and the font size of the respective text.
  • the device may also include controlled lighting and a microphone that can be used to measure the reading time.
  • the Radner reading boards mentioned above are used. Each paragraph of these panels contains a (German) sentence consisting of 14 words arranged on 3 lines. The character sizes of the reading panels are graduated according to a geometric series, with a factor 10 0 ' 1 .
  • the reading tables are assigned LogRAD values that correspond to the (scaled) logarithm of the character size; The LogRAD values therefore run linearly, for example from 0.9 (largest font) to -0.2 (smallest font) for a reading distance of 40 cm. Further information on the Radner panels can be found in the already mentioned articles by W. Radner et al. and E. Stifter et cd. refer to.
  • templates may contain appropriate symbols or graphics of various kinds, e.g. Numbers Numbers, e-hooks, Landolt rings, characters of other languages, music notes, maps, city maps, timetables, pictures for children, including the version SRD-2 on the display serving display in different contrast levels or colors can be faded in, with the possibility of using different forms of glare.
  • the assembly SRD-I comprises a housing 1, the basic construction of which is a horizontal web-divided frame 2 on which a hinged flat plate 3 is mounted as a presentation surface which is approximately half of the housing 1 covered.
  • a commercially available spindle motor 4 is fixed in the middle, with the help of which the subject can adjust the angle of the reading surface between 0 ° and 40 ° itself.
  • rocker switches 41, 42 on the proband facing side of the housing.
  • the spindle motor 4 projects in the embodiment shown down through the support surface addition.
  • the reading surface 3 At the rear edge of the reading surface 3 are in the arrangement SRD-I two commercially available lamps 5 (so-called Reprostann) that provide flicker-free lighting (eg with DC or high frequency supply), here each 18 watts of power and a light color of 5400 K attached.
  • the brightness of the lamps 5 on the reading surface is kept constant by means of a measuring head 6 of a lux meter 6a, a control device 6b and the control computer 15 mounted in the reading surface.
  • the user sets the desired illuminance, for example 500 lux ( ⁇ 10 lux), on the control computer.
  • the light measurement can be carried out by measuring the luminance (in cd / m 2) at the location of the reading panels by means of a sensor (not shown) mounted above the reading surface 3 and directed onto the reading surface.
  • the brightness can also be set with the aid of a dimmer (not shown) instead of the control unit 6a to the respective desired luminance or illuminance.
  • a number of reading plates 7, for example the individual paragraphs of the standardized Radner reading plates, are fixed in the arrangement SRD-1, for example by means of a horizontally (from right to left) ring binder-like attachment 8, which is a turning of the individual Slides down (ie towards smaller font size) allows, each font size is shown on its own sheet.
  • the test subjects leaf through the leaves in the course of the examination.
  • the task of the subject is to read aloud the texts presented on the reading boards one after the other.
  • the distance-corrected read vector is calculated from the read character height and the measured average reading distance. In addition, the reading duration is measured.
  • the assembly SRD-2 comprises a housing 1a, the basic construction of which is a reclining frame 2a on which a hinged display 3a is mounted as a presentation surface.
  • a light meter 6d resting against the display 3a is provided, which is designed as a light sensor facing the display 3a.
  • the display 3a can be controlled with the connected PC 15 luminance, luminance contrast, color and the template change, with the possibility of using different types of glare (glare).
  • UV LEDs 16 which illuminate the measuring mark or color spot during the measuring process.
  • a microphone 9 which is connected to an acoustic threshold (not shown).
  • the microphone is used to record the speech of the subject and thus accurately determine the respective reading duration of the subject. From this, the control / measuring software can calculate the reading speed in words per minute. For this purpose, it is determined by means of this acoustic threshold switch when the subject speaks. A pause in speech that lasts for a long period of time, for example, for a few seconds (because short pauses can be due to pauses in speech such as breathing or voiceless sounds) is interpreted as the end of the reading process.
  • a signal key can be provided, with which the test person (eg in the case of a dumb or speech-impaired subjects) signals the reading time, for example by pressing the signal button at the beginning and end of reading a text.
  • the measuring process can be carried out essentially without a control person, with a view to automating the examination procedure.
  • an optical signal (signal lamp) may be provided to indicate in particular a hearing impaired subject the beginning of the measurement process. This optical signal can thus serve as a supplement to the acoustic start signal of the reading process.
  • a commercially available inclinometer 10 of known type is mounted on the reading surface.
  • the angle of the reading surface can also be transmitted to an angle sensor 10a with a flexible shaft 10b.
  • IIa high resolution eg 1.3 MPx
  • the cameras are, for example, AXIS 206M from Axis Communications AB (Sweden) or cameras from the company "The Imaging Source", USA-DE
  • the reading distance ie the distance of a reference point in the subject's face, eg A mark, for example in the form of a colored adhesive dot in a 12 mm diameter daylight, is glued to the subject's nose root or to the middle bridge of a spectacle frame at the beginning of the examination the position of the mark is determined, and from this, the distance of the mark to the read line is calculated by photometry as a function of the set reading angle, taking into account the geometric arrangement of the video cameras (mutual distance, height, orientation) Reading table 3, 3a in a well-defined arrangement relative to the recuperationsfl surface (in the embodiment shown SRD-I 72.7 cm from the front edge of the surface 3 away and 51 cm above the base plate, in a mutual distance of 21 cm) and are aligned so that both capture the space area, the head of the Subjects
  • the spatial coordinates of the mark and, as a consequence, the distance of the mark from the text to be read are calculated from the two camera images.
  • the object point which is characterized by the particular color of the mark, is searched in each picture.
  • the midpoint of the color range found is used as the result coordinate.
  • the position of the marker with respect to the camera positions is determined according to a known stereo image method.
  • the invention is not bound to the photometric measurement of the respective, freely selectable by the subject reading distance; rather, it can also be determined in another suitable manner, for example acoustically by means of ultrasound.
  • the area of the reading panel 7 or the display 3a can additionally be surrounded by a look-box-like housing (not shown), which can also be realized as a tunnel-shaped cover.
  • a look-box-like housing (not shown), which can also be realized as a tunnel-shaped cover.
  • a data interface 12 is provided which communicates via analog inputs and a USB output with the control computer 15 on which the measuring and control software runs; the data interface 12 is for example by means of a DAQ module USBDAQ -9100MS Adlink Technology hie. (Taiwan / USA) implemented.
  • all the necessary power supply units for low-voltage supply (not shown) and the power supply and the connection to the electrical network for the spindle motor 4 or chain thrust drive 4a are housed inside the housing.
  • the analogue data of inclinometer, Luxmeter 6a or luminance meter 6c and acoustic threshold value switch are fed in and output via a USB output to the PC.
  • an Ethernet switch 13 is installed, which realizes a LAN over which the two video cameras 11 communicate with the PC, or when using Firewire cameras IIa a Firewire HUB 13a.
  • All devices are switched on or off with a central power switch 14 from the outside, which is attached for example to the rear of the housing or the side of the housing.
  • a central power switch 14 is attached for example to the rear of the housing or the side of the housing.
  • the test person Before the examination, the test person is asked to set a comfortable reading angle for him via the keys 41, 42; In this case, an angle of 20 ° is specified as the default setting, wherein in the arrangement SRD-I, the angle between the 0 ° and 40 °, depending on the respective reading habit of the subject, in the arrangement SRD-2 between 0 ° and 90 ° is freely selectable.
  • a measurement and control software controls the course of the visus determination. It is advantageously designed so that the investigator can be guided by a simple keystroke or mouse click through the investigation, on the one hand on any of the necessary inputs can be forgotten and on the other hand, an automatic storage or the expression of the result.
  • a step-by-step guidance is issued visually and / or acoustically by the computer for the entire process.
  • the training time of the operating staff is reduced and, in addition, errors in the course of vision determination are avoided.
  • the automatic running examination is made possible without the necessary presence of an investigator.
  • the measurement and control software runs on a PC with screen, mouse and keyboard and is preferably started separately from the device SRD-I, or can run automatically in a further implementation without the necessary presence of an investigator-ladder.
  • the software performs the following functions in sequence: checking the integrity of the program file, displaying the preparation window on the screen, reading the device and measurement parameters from a parameter file, starting the image transfer from the two cameras to the PC and displaying as two live video images on the screen (eg as inserts). If the two video images can be seen, the investigator or user starts the actual examination process by a specific input, e.g. with the enter key.
  • the program starts immediately with the current measurement of the luminance and the inclination angle; these are output in the main window of the display as shown in FIG.
  • buttons are advantageously designed differently: button with double frame are activated with the Enter key; Buttons with a simple frame can be activated with the mouse or with "hot key”, buttons with gray text are not activatable, this allows the standard operation (in the sense of the usual visus determination) with only one button, eg the enter button Risk of incorrect operation largely excluded, without restricting flexibility.
  • the sound and distance measurement is started with the ⁇ Start> button and subsequently displayed in the main window, as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the program checks the signal at the output of the sound amplifier and displays its status in the time diagram of the SRD window. Subsequently, the respective image coordinates of the center of the color mark are detected in both video images. The color of the color mark must not otherwise occur in the picture. From these image coordinates, the camera distance and the image scale of the cameras, the program calculates in a next step stereometrically the spatial coordinates of the position of the color mark. In the following step, the distance of the color mark position from the reading line whose coordinates are known to the program is calculated. The result is displayed graphically as a numerical value in its output box and in the distance diagram of the SRD window. This process repeats continuously, for a maximum of 25 seconds, or is terminated by activating the ⁇ Stop> button. During these procedures, the angle and brightness measurement is omitted.
  • the measuring process is ended.
  • the average of the measured distances is then calculated, displayed as a value in the output box and displayed in the distance diagram as a horizontal line.
  • the time range is limited to the actual reading time.
  • the mean value of the distance measurement values within this range is recalculated and displayed as a value and as a line in the diagram.
  • the values for the reading speed and the reading speed are also recalculated and displayed according to the limited time range.
  • First limiting the reading time by dragging the vertical green or red measuring lines enable the saving of the data set or the following calculated data are displayed: Wpm (words / min), LogRAD, Reading Time, Mean Distance.
  • All measured values and calculated values of a series of examinations are stored in a specific file, which allows the later evaluation with statistical methods.
  • a patient-related report is printed and / or saved as a printable file.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments SRD-I, SRD-2 shown here.
  • the reading boards can also be turned by machine, for example, computer-controlled.
  • computer-controlled reading tapes e.g.
  • a high-resolution display can be used to represent any type of text and graphics, and the display also has essential options for adjusting luminance, luminance contrast, and color with the "Road Book.” Possibility of using different forms of glare
  • a printer preferably a color printer, may also be provided.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Afin de déterminer la vision de près, à distance corrigée, d'un sujet dans des conditions les plus proches possibles de la vie quotidienne, on présente, sur des dispositifs ayant une surface de présentation (3, 3a) éclairée/luminescente, un certain nombre de textes ou de graphiques (7) de différentes tailles de police/grandeurs; et en fonction de la taille utilisée encore lisible et, en cas d'utilisation d'un écran, également en fonction de la luminance, du contraste de luminance et de la couleur, avec la possibilité d'utiliser différents degrés d'éblouissement, on détermine une vision de près, à distance corrigée, du sujet en tenant compte de la distance de lecture pouvant être librement choisie par le sujet, qui est par exemple mesurée par photométrie.
EP07815184A 2006-11-27 2007-11-15 Dispositif pour déceler l'acuité visuelle de lecture Not-in-force EP2061369B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL07815184T PL2061369T3 (pl) 2006-11-27 2007-11-15 Urządzenie do określania ostrości wzroku przy czytaniu

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US86117406P 2006-11-27 2006-11-27
AT0083206U AT9488U1 (de) 2006-11-27 2006-11-27 Vorrichtung zum erfassen der lese-sehschärfe
PCT/AT2007/000518 WO2008064379A1 (fr) 2006-11-27 2007-11-15 Dispositif pour déceler l'acuité visuelle de lecture

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2061369A1 true EP2061369A1 (fr) 2009-05-27
EP2061369B1 EP2061369B1 (fr) 2011-12-07

Family

ID=39153960

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07815184A Not-in-force EP2061369B1 (fr) 2006-11-27 2007-11-15 Dispositif pour déceler l'acuité visuelle de lecture

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2061369B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL2061369T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008064379A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2327307B1 (es) * 2007-07-04 2010-07-21 Universidad De Murcia Procedimiento automatizado para medir la agudeza visual de lectura.
DE102009004866B4 (de) 2009-01-16 2010-11-04 Carl Zeiss Vision Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der individuell erforderlichen Addition einer Sehhilfe
FR2960413B1 (fr) * 2010-05-25 2013-03-22 Essilor Int Dispositif de mesure d'une distance caracteristique de lecture d'un individu
FR2960412B1 (fr) * 2010-05-25 2013-03-22 Essilor Int Dispositif et procede de mesure d'une distance caracteristique de lecture d'un individu en posture naturelle de vision de pres
US9704411B1 (en) 2013-07-31 2017-07-11 Edward Newill Method and apparatus for determining reading acuity with automated calibration
US9820643B2 (en) 2013-08-13 2017-11-21 Jasper Ridge Inc. Illumination evaluation or recommendation using visual function
DE102014009459A1 (de) * 2014-06-25 2015-12-31 Rodenstock Gmbh Verfahren für eine Sehschärfebestimmung
CN105615822A (zh) * 2016-02-20 2016-06-01 王静 一种高档led低视力专用视力表灯箱
CN111083583B (zh) * 2019-12-18 2021-08-03 公安部第三研究所 一种应用于桌面鹅颈话筒式对讲终端的测试装置

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US5568209A (en) * 1995-04-17 1996-10-22 Priester; William B. Automated pocket-sized near vision tester
US6310644B1 (en) * 1997-03-26 2001-10-30 3Dm Devices Inc. Camera theodolite system
US6592223B1 (en) * 1999-10-07 2003-07-15 Panaseca, Inc. System and method for optimal viewing of computer monitors to minimize eyestrain
US6238049B1 (en) * 1999-11-12 2001-05-29 Joanne Sawhill Griffin Interactive self-diagnostic system
JP4562850B2 (ja) 2000-03-31 2010-10-13 株式会社トプコン 視力表装置
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2061369B1 (fr) 2011-12-07
WO2008064379A1 (fr) 2008-06-05
PL2061369T3 (pl) 2012-05-31

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