EP2051035B1 - Plate heat exchanger - Google Patents
Plate heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2051035B1 EP2051035B1 EP08164322.3A EP08164322A EP2051035B1 EP 2051035 B1 EP2051035 B1 EP 2051035B1 EP 08164322 A EP08164322 A EP 08164322A EP 2051035 B1 EP2051035 B1 EP 2051035B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- plate
- bolts
- end plate
- plate heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
- F28F3/083—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning capable of being taken apart
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
- F28F9/0075—Supports for plates or plate assemblies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/08—Fastening; Joining by clamping or clipping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2280/00—Mounting arrangements; Arrangements for facilitating assembling or disassembling of heat exchanger parts
- F28F2280/02—Removable elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a plate heat exchanger of the kind comprising a package of heat transferring plates, two end plates between which the package of heat transferring plates are kept together, and more specifically to a plate heat exchanger having an arrangement for automatically opening the plate heat exchanger for permitting inspection, cleaning, repair, replacement and/or removal of heat transferring plates and the like.
- a plate heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from EP-A2-1462752 and US 5 462 112 .
- a plate heat exchanger of this kind may need to be opened relatively often, e.g. once every day, for inspection and/or cleaning of the heat transferring plates. This process may require the removal of one or more plates for closer inspection or cleaning.
- one of the end plates is fixed and the other end plate is moveable towards the fixed end plate to close the plate heat exchanger and is movable away from the fixed end plate to open the plate heat exchanger.
- Tightening bolts are used to keep the end plates together and the tightening bolts are secured by nuts.
- To open the plate heat exchanger by moving the end plate either the bolts or the nuts have to be rotated, so that the end plates and thus the heat transferring plates may be moved away from each other.
- a plate heat exchanger a package of heat transferring plates is kept together between two end plates by means of two or more threaded bolts and nuts in threading engagement therewith.
- a motor is arranged through an endless drive member, such as a tooth belt or the like, simultaneously to rotate all the bolts or all the nuts.
- the plate heat exchanger thereby may be rapidly, simply and safely opened and restored for operation in connection with inspection and/or cleaning of the heat transferring plates.
- a plate heat exchanger including two end plates, a package of heat transfer plates arranged between the end plates, and a closure system.
- the closure system includes a plurality of tie bar assemblies.
- Each tie bar assembly includes a tie bar extending between the first and second plates, and a threaded member engaging the tie bar.
- the closure system and the end plates are relatively arranged and configured such that relative rotation between the tie bar and the threaded member of each tie bar assembly is operative to move the movable end plate towards and away from the fixed end plate to close and open, respectively, the plate heat exchanger.
- the plate heat exchanger is arranged and configured such that the heat transfer plates can be removed from the plate heat exchanger without relocating any of the tie bars.
- the present invention has for its object to provide an plate heat exchanger having means for automatically and simultaneously opening the opening of a plate heat exchanger and restoring of it for operation, and that further is provided with means for easy removal, cleaning, service and insertion of heat exchanger plate into the plate heat exchanger, without deteriorating the plate heat exchanger capability to withstand high pressures during its operation.
- a plate heat exchanger having automatic opening means and having at least one partly removable threaded tightening bolt.
- the plate heat exchanger may be rapidly and simply opened to a desired degree and, with the same rapidity and simplicity, restored for operation after removal, inspection, cleaning and service or insertion of heat exchanging plates.
- Through the simultaneous rotation of all the bolts or nuts much time can be saved in connection with opening and restoring of the plate heat exchanger. Further, it is made sure thereby that the bolts and the end plates are subjected to a uniform load or stress during the whole compression of the package of heat exchanging plates.
- Said at least one partly removable bolt includes two portions, a first removable portion extending from the fixed end plate, through the other movable end plate to a position close to the drive unit and a second portion extending from a position close to the drive unit to a position inside the drive unit.
- the two portions of said at least one partly removable bolt may be connected by a shaft connection, where the shaft connection is designed so that the first removable portion can be separated from the second portion without moving said at least one partly removable bolt axially.
- a friction reducing bearing is arranged between each bolt head and the end plate.
- At least one of the bolt heads may be removably attached to the end plate.
- each nut is connected to a nut fixation device that prevents rotation of the nut in relation to the movable end plate and that prevents axial movement of the nut in relation to the movable end plate.
- At least one of the nut fixation devices may be removably attached to the movable end plate.
- each of the end plates is provided with at least one cut-out or recess on each long side of the end plate for receiving said at least one partly removable bolt.
- the at least one cut-out or recess on each long side of the end plate for receiving said at least one partly removable bolt may enable said at least one partly removable bolt to be removed radially.
- the drive unit comprises a motor that is arranged to simultaneously, rotationally drive all the threaded bolts via a force translating system, and thereby moving the end plate between two positions.
- the drive unit may be electrically operated, and each threaded bolt may be associated to a separate gear box, the gear boxes being connected to the motor via a shaft- and belt arrangement.
- At least one of bolts on each side of the plate package is arranged to be partly removable, thereby giving the user the possibility to remove a heat exchanger plate from any side of the plate heat exchanger.
- the plate heat exchanger is provided with a security system for interruption of the movement of the movable end plate from any places around the plate heat exchanger.
- Heat exchangers are used for transferring heat between two fluids separated by a solid body. Heat exchangers can be of several types, the most common are spiral heat exchangers, tubular heat exchangers and plate heat exchangers. Plate heat exchangers are used for transferring heat between a hot and a cold fluid that are flowing in alternate flow passages formed between a set of heat exchanger plates. The arrangement of heat exchanger plates defined above is enclosed between end plates that are relatively thicker than the heat exchanger plates. The inner surface of each end plate faces the heat transfer plates.
- Fig. 1 shows a plate heat exchanger 100 comprising a package of heat transferring plates 1, which are kept together between two end plates 2 and 3.
- the heat exchanger or transferring plates 1 are arranged hanging on a carrying bar 4 that substantially extends between the two end plates 2, 3.
- the carrying bar 4 is in one end fixedly attached to an upper end of the end plate 2 and in the opposite end fixedly attached to an upper end of a support column 5.
- the end plate 3, which is movable along the carrying bar 4 is used to press the heat exchanger plates 1 together to form a plate package.
- a guide bar 6, that guides the heat exchanger plates 1 in their lower end, connects a lower end of the support column 5 with a lower end of the end plate 2.
- the plate package is shown as schematic box.
- the plate package may be housed by a cover to protect for dirt and the like.
- the heat exchanger plate 1 discussed above includes in a manner known per se a corrugation or pattern for increasing the heat transfer and a number of port holes, typically four, for forming a corresponding number of port channels extending through the plate package and being in connection with the flow channels formed between the heat exchanger plates 1.
- the end plate 2 is suitably provided with a number of port or connections corresponding to ports of the heat exchanger plate 1.
- the end plate 3 may also be provided with ports, as well as the port of the end plate 2 may be provided with a blind cover.
- the heat exchanger plates 1 which between themselves usually have flexible gaskets 8 (best shown in Fig. 5 ) for defining flow spaces between the heat exchanger plates 1 for two heat exchange fluids.
- the gasket 8, which is preferably made of an elastic material, e.g. rubber material, is disposed in a groove which extends along the periphery of the constituent heat exchanger plates 1 and around ports.
- the gasket 8 may possibly comprise a metal or be surrounded by a second material, e.g. metal, PTFE, etc.
- the tightening bolts 9 extend between the fixed end plate 2 and a drive unit 10 arranged on the support column 5, and passing through holes or recesses in the edge portions of the two end plates 2, 3.
- Each bolt 9 has a bolt head means 11 at one of its ends, possibly situated at the outside (or integrated in) of the end plate 2 (see Figs. 7-9 ), and carries nuts 12 on its threaded part, possibly situated at the outside (or integrated in) of the end plate 3 (see Figs. 8 and 11 ).
- the drive unit 10 may be based on a solution with one electrical motor 14, which is driving all the tightening bolts 9 in a synchronized manner.
- a gear box 15 arranged on each bolt 9 the required torque of the motor 14 is reduced.
- the motor speed is controlled by a motor drive 16.
- a programmable logic controller unit (PLC) 17 can be used to program different ramping of speed and acceleration of the electrical motor 14 and to monitor the drive unit system and alarms thereto related.
- the gear boxes 15 are connected to the motor 14 by a shaft-and belt arrangement 70-74, where three gear boxes 15 are connected to each other by shafts 71 and where another three gear boxes 15 are connected to each other by shafts 72.
- the shafts 71 and 72 are connected to the shaft 70 of the motor 14 by belts 73 and 74.
- the shaft 70, the belts 73 and 74 transfer the rotational movement from the shaft 70 and the motor 14 to the shaft 71 and 72 and further to the gear boxes 15 to drive all the tightening bolts 9 in a synchronized manner.
- a non-electrical motor or driving means is also possible.
- the plate heat exchanger is provided with three tightening bolts 9a, 9b, 9c on each side of the plate package.
- at least one tightening bolt 9 on one side of the plate package is removable, preferably the intermediate tightening bolts 9b located between the other two tightening bolts 9a and 9c.
- the removable tightening bolt 9b could be located on any side of the plate package. If only one removable tightening bolt 9b is provided it can be located according to the preference of the user.
- the plate heat exchanger may include two or more removable tightening bolts 9b.
- the removable bolt 9b is equipped with one shaft connection 18 (see Figs. 6 and 13 ) between the drive unit 10 and the movable end plate 3, which is designed in a manner so that it can easily be separated from a shaft 19 of the drive unit 10 without moving the bolt 9b axially.
- Fig. 6 one possible shaft connection design is shown, but other shaft connections are also possible.
- Fig. 13 shows that the shaft connection 18 comprises two parts 18a and 18b that put together by a screw joint 30. The parts 18a and 18b are typically clamped onto the bolt 9b and the shaft 19, respectively.
- the bolt head means 11 comprises a bearing unit 20, 20a, 20b, 20c on the end plate that supports the bolt 9, 9a, 9b, 9c, and taking up the axial forces.
- the end plate 2 has a cut-out 21 (see Figs. 1 and 8-9 ) located on each long side of the end plate 2 allowing the removable bolt 9b to be removed radially.
- the bearing unit 20 is fixed to the end plate 2 by screws, locking pins or other attaching means 60 to support the bearing unit 20 axially when the movable end plate 3 is moved in direction from the end plate 2.
- the center located bearing unit 20b comes off together with the bolt 9b.
- the end plate 2 have holes located in each corner of the end plate 2 (see Figs. 3 , 5 and 12 ) to receive the tightening bolts 9a, 9c.
- Bearing units 20a and 20c supporting the tightening bolts 9a, 9c are fixed to the end plate 2 by screws, locking pins or other attaching means to support the bearing units 20a and 20c axially when the movable end plate 3 is moved in direction from the end plate 2.
- the nuts 12 (see Figs. 10 and 11 ) on the threaded part of the tightening bolts 9 that are situated at the outside of the end plate 3 rests towards a flat surface of the end plate 3 which takes up the axial forces of the plate package, resulting from gasket forces and the pressure of the process media.
- the end plate 3 has a cut-out 23 (see Figs. 1 and11) located on each long side of the end plate 3 allowing the removable tightening bolt 9b to be removed radially.
- the nut 12, 12a, 12b, 12c is attached to the end plate 3 by a nut fixing device 24, 24a, 24b, 24c (see Figs. 10-11 and 14b-14c ).
- the nut fixing device 24b is easily unscrewed from the end plate 3 to allow the nut 12b to be removed together with the bolt 9b.
- the function of the nut fixation device 24 is to lock the rotation of the nut 12 and to fix the nut 12 axially to the end plate 3 when moving backwards (away from the end plate 2) in an unloaded mode and to keep the nuts 12 synchronized axially.
- Fig. 14a shows the nut fixing device 24b from the behind.
- Figs. 14b and 14c show cross sectional views of the nut fixing device 24b seen along the lines E and F, respectively, of Fig. 14a .
- the nut fixation device 24 only allows the nut 12 to be mounted in two positions, separated rotationally 180°.
- the tolerances of the fixation mounting screws are smaller that half the thread elevation of the bolt 9b. This combined guarantees that the nut 12b is correctly refitted and synchronized.
- the nut fixing devices 24a-24c may be slightly differently designed, but they all fulfill the same purpose.
- the nut 12 provided at the end plate 3 is designed to take up deviations both radially and in alignment.
- the nut 12 is resting on spherical washers 25 (see Figs. 14b and 14c ), which allow it to incline and follow the angle of the bolt 9. This reduces unnecessary forces on the treads when the frame is flexing due to the weight of the different components. This feature is especially important when using bolts 9 with threads of low elevation, "M"-thread or similar. Low elevation of the treads help to keep the bolt torque low when closing the plate heat exchanger 100.
- the nut 12 is allowed to move radially as a hole through the end plate 3 is made with a clearance to the bolt 9.
- the nut 12 has groove for rotational fixation which fits to the fixation device 24.
- the groove is mounted vertically to allow the nut 12 to slide and incline mainly in vertical direction, the direction which is most likely to deviate.
- the flexible design is made to allow the nut 12 mainly (only) to take up the axial forces created by the gaskets 8 and media pressure and not be stressed by any forces created by tolerances in the frame.
- the open design of the nut assembly (12, 24, 25) provides for easy inspection and cleaning and the clearance between all components allow cleaning water to flush out of the design. This makes seals unnecessary.
- the nut 12 is equipped with a grease nipple 41 to allow the threads inside the nut 12 to be properly lubricated.
- the tightening bolt/bolts 9b can be removed to enabling full access to the heat exchanger plates 1.
- the bolt 9b is removed from the plate heat exchanger 100 by disconnecting the shaft connection 18 between the drive unit 10 and the movable end plate 3; unfasten the bearing unit 20b from the end plate 2 and the nut fixation device 24b from the end plate 3 and removing the bolt 9b radially with its connected parts. After the heat exchanger plates 1 are maintained as desired the process is reversed and the tightening bolt or bolts 9b are re-installed and the parts are fastened.
- the drive unit 10 ensures that the end plate 3 again is moved towards the end plate 2, pressing the heat exchanger plates 1 together to again form the plate package and making the plate heat exchanger 100 ready for operation.
- Figs. 4-5 show schematically a plate heat exchanger 100 according to the invention opened for inspection or cleaning of the heat exchanger plates 1.
- a safety switch is mounted in form of a line breaker 50 or a light barrier following the sides of the plate heat exchanger 100. This makes it possible for an operator to stop the movement of the end plate 3 from any position around the plate heat exchanger 100.
- the plate heat exchanger 100 is provided with three tightening bolts on each side of the plate package having one removable tightening bolt.
- the number and positions of the tightening bolts is decided based upon most cost effective design of drive unit and heat exchanger plates, and therefore may there be further tightening bolts if that is needed in view of the construction of the plate heat exchanger and the work is aimed to perform.
- the drive unit is located as far away as possible from the plate package to avoid that the drive unit is exposed to heat from the process.
Description
- The present invention relates to a plate heat exchanger of the kind comprising a package of heat transferring plates, two end plates between which the package of heat transferring plates are kept together, and more specifically to a plate heat exchanger having an arrangement for automatically opening the plate heat exchanger for permitting inspection, cleaning, repair, replacement and/or removal of heat transferring plates and the like.
- A plate heat exchanger according to the preamble of
claim 1 is known fromEP-A2-1462752 andUS 5 462 112 . - When used for certain applications or in certain industries a plate heat exchanger of this kind may need to be opened relatively often, e.g. once every day, for inspection and/or cleaning of the heat transferring plates. This process may require the removal of one or more plates for closer inspection or cleaning. Traditionally, one of the end plates is fixed and the other end plate is moveable towards the fixed end plate to close the plate heat exchanger and is movable away from the fixed end plate to open the plate heat exchanger. Tightening bolts are used to keep the end plates together and the tightening bolts are secured by nuts. To open the plate heat exchanger by moving the end plate either the bolts or the nuts have to be rotated, so that the end plates and thus the heat transferring plates may be moved away from each other.
- Such rotation of the bolts or the nuts, in connection with opening of the plate heat exchanger as well as in connection with restoring of it for operation, means a heavy, time consuming and not quite simple work. Sometimes, particularly in connection with large plate heat exchangers, electrically or pneumatically operated tools are used for the rotation, but a tool of this kind has to be moved often between the different bolts or nuts, particularly at the beginning of an opening operation and at the end of a restoring operation, in order that the bolts and end plates will not be subjected to all too uneven loads or stresses. With respect to the compression of the package of heat transferring plates it is also important that each one of the bolts or nuts is rotated exactly so much that the end plates in their operating positions will be situated in parallel with each other. If not so, leakage may come up between the heat transferring plates.
- In
US-A-5 462 112 is disclosed a plate heat exchanger, a package of heat transferring plates is kept together between two end plates by means of two or more threaded bolts and nuts in threading engagement therewith. A motor is arranged through an endless drive member, such as a tooth belt or the like, simultaneously to rotate all the bolts or all the nuts. The plate heat exchanger thereby may be rapidly, simply and safely opened and restored for operation in connection with inspection and/or cleaning of the heat transferring plates. - In
EP-A2-1 462 752 is disclosed a plate heat exchanger including two end plates, a package of heat transfer plates arranged between the end plates, and a closure system. The closure system includes a plurality of tie bar assemblies. Each tie bar assembly includes a tie bar extending between the first and second plates, and a threaded member engaging the tie bar. The closure system and the end plates are relatively arranged and configured such that relative rotation between the tie bar and the threaded member of each tie bar assembly is operative to move the movable end plate towards and away from the fixed end plate to close and open, respectively, the plate heat exchanger. The plate heat exchanger is arranged and configured such that the heat transfer plates can be removed from the plate heat exchanger without relocating any of the tie bars. - The present invention has for its object to provide an plate heat exchanger having means for automatically and simultaneously opening the opening of a plate heat exchanger and restoring of it for operation, and that further is provided with means for easy removal, cleaning, service and insertion of heat exchanger plate into the plate heat exchanger, without deteriorating the plate heat exchanger capability to withstand high pressures during its operation.
- This object has been solved by providing a plate heat exchanger having automatic opening means and having at least one partly removable threaded tightening bolt. By means of such a device the plate heat exchanger may be rapidly and simply opened to a desired degree and, with the same rapidity and simplicity, restored for operation after removal, inspection, cleaning and service or insertion of heat exchanging plates. Through the simultaneous rotation of all the bolts or nuts much time can be saved in connection with opening and restoring of the plate heat exchanger. Further, it is made sure thereby that the bolts and the end plates are subjected to a uniform load or stress during the whole compression of the package of heat exchanging plates. Said at least one partly removable bolt includes two portions, a first removable portion extending from the fixed end plate, through the other movable end plate to a position close to the drive unit and a second portion extending from a position close to the drive unit to a position inside the drive unit.
- The two portions of said at least one partly removable bolt may be connected by a shaft connection, where the shaft connection is designed so that the first removable portion can be separated from the second portion without moving said at least one partly removable bolt axially.
- According to a further aspect of the invention a friction reducing bearing is arranged between each bolt head and the end plate.
- At least one of the bolt heads may be removably attached to the end plate.
- According to another aspect of the invention each nut is connected to a nut fixation device that prevents rotation of the nut in relation to the movable end plate and that prevents axial movement of the nut in relation to the movable end plate.
- At least one of the nut fixation devices may be removably attached to the movable end plate.
- According to yet another aspect of the invention each of the end plates is provided with at least one cut-out or recess on each long side of the end plate for receiving said at least one partly removable bolt.
- The at least one cut-out or recess on each long side of the end plate for receiving said at least one partly removable bolt may enable said at least one partly removable bolt to be removed radially.
- According to yet another aspect of the invention the drive unit comprises a motor that is arranged to simultaneously, rotationally drive all the threaded bolts via a force translating system, and thereby moving the end plate between two positions.
- The drive unit may be electrically operated, and each threaded bolt may be associated to a separate gear box, the gear boxes being connected to the motor via a shaft- and belt arrangement.
- According to yet another aspect of the invention, at least one of bolts on each side of the plate package is arranged to be partly removable, thereby giving the user the possibility to remove a heat exchanger plate from any side of the plate heat exchanger.
- According to yet another aspect of the invention the plate heat exchanger is provided with a security system for interruption of the movement of the movable end plate from any places around the plate heat exchanger.
- In the following, the invention will be explained more with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:
-
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a plate heat exchanger according to the invention; -
Fig. 2 is a side view of a plate heat exchanger according to the invention; -
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a plate heat exchanger according to the invention, seen from a different angle than the plate heat exchanger ofFig. 1 ; -
Fig. 4 is a side view of a plate heat exchanger according to the invention, where the plate heat exchanger is open; -
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a plate heat exchanger according to the invention, where the plate heat exchanger is open; -
Fig. 6 is partial detailed view of a bolt or shaft connection; -
Fig. 7 is a partial detailed view of a first bearing unit according to the invention; -
Fig. 8 is partial detailed view of a second bearing unit according to the invention; -
Fig. 9 is another partial detailed view of the second bearing unit according to the invention; -
Fig. 10 is partial detailed view of a first nut arranged on one end plate according to the invention; -
Fig. 11 is partial detailed view of a second nut arranged on one end plate according to the invention; -
Fig. 12 is perspective view of a drive unit according to the invention; -
Fig. 13 is a cross sectional view of a shaft connection according to the invention; -
Figs. 14a-14c are different detailed views of a nut fixation device; and -
Figs. 15a-15b are different detailed views of the bearing unit according to the invention. - Heat exchangers are used for transferring heat between two fluids separated by a solid body. Heat exchangers can be of several types, the most common are spiral heat exchangers, tubular heat exchangers and plate heat exchangers. Plate heat exchangers are used for transferring heat between a hot and a cold fluid that are flowing in alternate flow passages formed between a set of heat exchanger plates. The arrangement of heat exchanger plates defined above is enclosed between end plates that are relatively thicker than the heat exchanger plates. The inner surface of each end plate faces the heat transfer plates.
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Fig. 1 shows aplate heat exchanger 100 comprising a package ofheat transferring plates 1, which are kept together between twoend plates plates 1 are arranged hanging on a carryingbar 4 that substantially extends between the twoend plates bar 4 is in one end fixedly attached to an upper end of theend plate 2 and in the opposite end fixedly attached to an upper end of asupport column 5. Theend plate 3, which is movable along the carryingbar 4, is used to press theheat exchanger plates 1 together to form a plate package. Aguide bar 6, that guides theheat exchanger plates 1 in their lower end, connects a lower end of thesupport column 5 with a lower end of theend plate 2. InFigs. 1-3 the plate package is shown as schematic box. The plate package may be housed by a cover to protect for dirt and the like. - The
heat exchanger plate 1 discussed above includes in a manner known per se a corrugation or pattern for increasing the heat transfer and a number of port holes, typically four, for forming a corresponding number of port channels extending through the plate package and being in connection with the flow channels formed between theheat exchanger plates 1. - The
end plate 2 is suitably provided with a number of port or connections corresponding to ports of theheat exchanger plate 1. Theend plate 3 may also be provided with ports, as well as the port of theend plate 2 may be provided with a blind cover. - The
heat exchanger plates 1, which between themselves usually have flexible gaskets 8 (best shown inFig. 5 ) for defining flow spaces between theheat exchanger plates 1 for two heat exchange fluids. The gasket 8, which is preferably made of an elastic material, e.g. rubber material, is disposed in a groove which extends along the periphery of the constituentheat exchanger plates 1 and around ports. The gasket 8 may possibly comprise a metal or be surrounded by a second material, e.g. metal, PTFE, etc. - As mentioned above the
movable end plate 3 are pressed towards thefixed end plate 2 to form a plate package of theheat exchanger plates 1. To keep theheat exchanger plates 1 together threaded tightening bolts 9 are used. The tightening bolts 9 extend between thefixed end plate 2 and adrive unit 10 arranged on thesupport column 5, and passing through holes or recesses in the edge portions of the twoend plates Figs. 7-9 ), and carries nuts 12 on its threaded part, possibly situated at the outside (or integrated in) of the end plate 3 (seeFigs. 8 and11 ). - The drive unit 10 (see
Fig. 12 ) may be based on a solution with oneelectrical motor 14, which is driving all the tightening bolts 9 in a synchronized manner. By having agear box 15 arranged on each bolt 9 the required torque of themotor 14 is reduced. The motor speed is controlled by amotor drive 16. A programmable logic controller unit (PLC) 17 can be used to program different ramping of speed and acceleration of theelectrical motor 14 and to monitor the drive unit system and alarms thereto related. Thegear boxes 15 are connected to themotor 14 by a shaft-and belt arrangement 70-74, where threegear boxes 15 are connected to each other byshafts 71 and where another threegear boxes 15 are connected to each other byshafts 72. Theshafts shaft 70 of themotor 14 bybelts motor 14 rotates, theshaft 70, thebelts shaft 70 and themotor 14 to theshaft gear boxes 15 to drive all the tightening bolts 9 in a synchronized manner. A non-electrical motor or driving means is also possible. - As seen in
Figs. 1-5 and12 the plate heat exchanger is provided with three tighteningbolts heat exchanger plates 1 of the plate heat exchanger at least one tightening bolt 9 on one side of the plate package is removable, preferably theintermediate tightening bolts 9b located between the other two tighteningbolts removable tightening bolt 9b could be located on any side of the plate package. If only oneremovable tightening bolt 9b is provided it can be located according to the preference of the user. The plate heat exchanger may include two or more removable tighteningbolts 9b. - The
removable bolt 9b is equipped with one shaft connection 18 (seeFigs. 6 and 13 ) between thedrive unit 10 and themovable end plate 3, which is designed in a manner so that it can easily be separated from ashaft 19 of thedrive unit 10 without moving thebolt 9b axially. InFig. 6 one possible shaft connection design is shown, but other shaft connections are also possible.Fig. 13 shows that theshaft connection 18 comprises twoparts 18a and 18b that put together by a screw joint 30. Theparts 18a and 18b are typically clamped onto thebolt 9b and theshaft 19, respectively. - As discussed above the tightening bolt 9 is provided with bolt head means 11 situated at the end plate 2 (see
Figs. 1-5 and7-9 ). The bolt head means 11 comprises a bearingunit bolt - The
end plate 2 has a cut-out 21 (seeFigs. 1 and8-9 ) located on each long side of theend plate 2 allowing theremovable bolt 9b to be removed radially. The bearing unit 20 is fixed to theend plate 2 by screws, locking pins or other attaching means 60 to support the bearing unit 20 axially when themovable end plate 3 is moved in direction from theend plate 2. The center located bearingunit 20b comes off together with thebolt 9b. By help from the cut-outs 21 in theend plate 2 and cut-outs 40 in a bearinghousing plate 22 of thebearing unit 20b it is possible to slide out theentire bolt 9b andbearing unit 20b radially from theend plate 2. - The
end plate 2 have holes located in each corner of the end plate 2 (seeFigs. 3 ,5 and12 ) to receive the tighteningbolts Bearing units bolts end plate 2 by screws, locking pins or other attaching means to support the bearingunits movable end plate 3 is moved in direction from theend plate 2. - The nuts 12 (see
Figs. 10 and 11 ) on the threaded part of the tightening bolts 9 that are situated at the outside of theend plate 3 rests towards a flat surface of theend plate 3 which takes up the axial forces of the plate package, resulting from gasket forces and the pressure of the process media. Theend plate 3 has a cut-out 23 (seeFigs. 1 and11) located on each long side of theend plate 3 allowing theremovable tightening bolt 9b to be removed radially. - The
nut end plate 3 by anut fixing device Figs. 10-11 and14b-14c ). Thenut fixing device 24b is easily unscrewed from theend plate 3 to allow thenut 12b to be removed together with thebolt 9b. The function of the nut fixation device 24 is to lock the rotation of the nut 12 and to fix the nut 12 axially to theend plate 3 when moving backwards (away from the end plate 2) in an unloaded mode and to keep the nuts 12 synchronized axially. -
Fig. 14a shows thenut fixing device 24b from the behind.Figs. 14b and 14c show cross sectional views of thenut fixing device 24b seen along the lines E and F, respectively, ofFig. 14a . - The nut fixation device 24 only allows the nut 12 to be mounted in two positions, separated rotationally 180°. The tolerances of the fixation mounting screws are smaller that half the thread elevation of the
bolt 9b. This combined guarantees that thenut 12b is correctly refitted and synchronized. As seen fromFig. 10 and 11 , the nut fixing devices 24a-24c may be slightly differently designed, but they all fulfill the same purpose. - The nut 12 provided at the
end plate 3 is designed to take up deviations both radially and in alignment. The nut 12 is resting on spherical washers 25 (seeFigs. 14b and 14c ), which allow it to incline and follow the angle of the bolt 9. This reduces unnecessary forces on the treads when the frame is flexing due to the weight of the different components. This feature is especially important when using bolts 9 with threads of low elevation, "M"-thread or similar. Low elevation of the treads help to keep the bolt torque low when closing theplate heat exchanger 100. - The nut 12 is allowed to move radially as a hole through the
end plate 3 is made with a clearance to the bolt 9. The nut 12 has groove for rotational fixation which fits to the fixation device 24. The groove is mounted vertically to allow the nut 12 to slide and incline mainly in vertical direction, the direction which is most likely to deviate. The flexible design is made to allow the nut 12 mainly (only) to take up the axial forces created by the gaskets 8 and media pressure and not be stressed by any forces created by tolerances in the frame. - The open design of the nut assembly (12, 24, 25) provides for easy inspection and cleaning and the clearance between all components allow cleaning water to flush out of the design. This makes seals unnecessary. The nut 12 is equipped with a
grease nipple 41 to allow the threads inside the nut 12 to be properly lubricated. - Now the operation of the
plate heat exchanger 100 will briefly be described. By means of theelectrical motor 14, the shafts 70-72, belts 73-74 and via thegear boxes 15 connected to eachbolt 9 a simultaneous and uniform rotation of all the bolts 9, and by the fact that the nuts 12 are connected to theend plate 3 and the bolt head means 11 are connected with theend plate 2 in the above described manner theend plate 3 during all of its movement will be maintained in a position in which it is situated in parallel with theend plate 2. The package ofheat exchanger plates 1 will thus be compressed and opened to the same degree along its entire circumference. - As the
plate heat exchanger 100 has been opened the tightening bolt/bolts 9b can be removed to enabling full access to theheat exchanger plates 1. Thus, make it possible to removeheat exchanger plates 1 from theplate heat exchanger 100 for cleaning, inspection or the like of theheat exchanger plates 1. It also enables the insertion of moreheat exchanger plates 1 or the insertion of the cleaned, inspected or exchangedheat exchanger plates 1. - The
bolt 9b is removed from theplate heat exchanger 100 by disconnecting theshaft connection 18 between thedrive unit 10 and themovable end plate 3; unfasten thebearing unit 20b from theend plate 2 and thenut fixation device 24b from theend plate 3 and removing thebolt 9b radially with its connected parts. After theheat exchanger plates 1 are maintained as desired the process is reversed and the tightening bolt orbolts 9b are re-installed and the parts are fastened. Thedrive unit 10 ensures that theend plate 3 again is moved towards theend plate 2, pressing theheat exchanger plates 1 together to again form the plate package and making theplate heat exchanger 100 ready for operation. -
Figs. 4-5 show schematically aplate heat exchanger 100 according to the invention opened for inspection or cleaning of theheat exchanger plates 1. - Along the frame of the plate heat exchanger 100 a safety switch is mounted in form of a
line breaker 50 or a light barrier following the sides of theplate heat exchanger 100. This makes it possible for an operator to stop the movement of theend plate 3 from any position around theplate heat exchanger 100. - In the described embodiments the
plate heat exchanger 100 is provided with three tightening bolts on each side of the plate package having one removable tightening bolt. The number and positions of the tightening bolts is decided based upon most cost effective design of drive unit and heat exchanger plates, and therefore may there be further tightening bolts if that is needed in view of the construction of the plate heat exchanger and the work is aimed to perform. - Therefore more than one tightening bolt may be needed to be removed to allow the heat exchanger plates to be taken out or inserted in the plate heat exchanger. When a tightening bolt with nut is removed it is very important that it is refitted in a manner that guarantees that the synchronized position between the different nuts of the movable end plate is unchanged. Otherwise the result may be that the plate package is unaligned with leaking gaskets or seized/ worn threads as result.
- One advantage with an electrical solution and closed gear boxes as suggested above is that no hydraulic oils or lubricants are necessary, something which is a problem on most known solutions.
- The above described connection of the bolt heads and the nuts with the respective end plates may be accomplished in many different ways within the scope of the present invention.
- By having a partially removable tightening bolt a simple construction can be achieved since the association to the gear boxes of the drive unit or similar driving arrangement will not be affected by the removal of the removable part of the tightening bolt as the shaft (the second part of the tightening bolt) associated to the gear box remains connected to the drive unit after the removal of the removable part of the tightening bolt (the first part of the tightening bolt).
- The drive unit is located as far away as possible from the plate package to avoid that the drive unit is exposed to heat from the process.
- The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown on the drawings, but can be supplemented and modified in any manner within the scope of the invention as defined by the enclosed claims.
Claims (13)
- A plate heat exchanger (100) comprising a package of heat exchanger plates (1), two end plates (2, 3) between which the package of heat exchanger plates (1) is kept together, a plurality of threaded bolts (9, 9a, 9b, 9c), where the bolts (9, 9a, 9b, 9c) extend between the end plate (2) and a drive unit (10) and through the end plate (3), the drive unit being arranged for synchronously rotating the bolts (9, 9a, 9b, 9c) having bolt heads (11) arranged to bear directly or indirectly against one (2) of the end plates, a plurality of nuts (12, 12a, 12b, 12c), each in threaded engagement with one of the bolts (9, 9a, 9b, 9c) and arranged to bear directly or indirectly against the other end plate (3), the bolts (9, 9a, 9b, 9c) and nuts (12, 12a, 12b, 12c) being arranged for movement of one of the two end plates (3) towards or away from the other, the drive unit (10) further comprising a rotating arrangement for each of the bolts (9, 9a, 9b, 9c), and a motor (14) in driving engagement with the rotating arrangement for each of the bolts (9, 9a, 9b, 9c) for simultaneous rotation of all the bolts (9, 9a, 9b, 9c), the bolt heads (11) and the nuts (12, 12a, 12b, 12c) being coupled to their respective end plates (2, 3) in a manner such that they are prevented from moving axially away from their respective end plates (2, 3) upon operation of the drive unit (10), characterized in that t at least one of the bolts (9, 9a, 9b, 9c) is arranged to be partly removable in that it includes two portions, a first removable portion extending from the end plate (2), through the end plate (3) to a position close to the drive unit (10) and a second portion extending from a position close to the drive unit (10) to a position inside the drive unit (10).
- A plate heat exchanger (100) according to claim 1, in which the two portions of said at least one of the bolts (9, 9b) are connected by a shaft connection (18), where the shaft connection is designed so that the first removable portion can be separated from the second portion without moving said at least one of the bolts (9, 9b) axially.
- A plate heat exchanger (100) according to claim 1, in which a friction reducing bearing (20) is arranged between each bolt head (11) and the end plate (2).
- A plate heat exchanger (100) according to claim 1, in which at least one of the bolt heads (11) is removably attached to the end plate (2).
- A plate heat exchanger (100) according to claim 1, in which each nut (12, 12a, 12b, 12c) is connected to a nut fixation device (24) that prevents rotation of the nut (12, 12a, 12b, 12c) in relation to the end plate (3) and that prevents axial movement of the nut (12, 12a, 12b, 12c) in relation to the end plate (3).
- A plate heat exchanger (100) according to claim 5, in which at least one of the nut fixation devices (24) is removably attached to the end plate (3).
- A plate heat exchanger (100) according to claim 1, in which each of the end plates (2, 3) is provided with at least one cut-out or recess (21, 23) on each long side of the end plate (2, 3) for receiving said at least one of the bolts (9, 9b).
- A plate heat exchanger (100) according to claim 7, in which the at least one cut-out or recess (21, 23) on each long side of the end plate (2, 3) for receiving said at least one of the bolts (9, 9b) enables said at least one of the bolts (9, 9b) to be removed radially.
- A plate heat exchanger (100) according to claim 1, in which the drive unit (10) comprises a motor (14) that is arranged to simultaneously, rotationally drive all the threaded bolts (9, 9a, 9b , 9c) via a force translating system (15, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74), and thereby moving the end plate (3) between two positions.
- A plate heat exchanger (100) according to claim 9, in which the drive unit (10) is electrically operated, and where each threaded bolt (9, 9a, 9b, 9c) is associated to a separate gear box (15), the gear boxes (15) being connected to the motor (14) via a shaft- and belt arrangement (70, 71, 72, 73, 74).
- A plate heat exchanger (100) according to claim 9, in which each threaded bolt (9, 9a, 9b, 9c) is associated to a separate gear box (15), the gear boxes (15) being connected to the motor (14) via a shaft- and belt arrangement (70, 71, 72, 73, 74).
- A plate heat exchanger (100) according to any preceding claim, in which at least one of the bolts (9, 9a, 9b, 9c) on each side of the plate package is arranged to be partly removable.
- A plate heat exchanger (100) according to any preceding claim, in which the plate heat exchanger (100) is provided with a system (50) for interrupting the movement of the movable end plate (3).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE0702303A SE532197C2 (en) | 2007-10-15 | 2007-10-15 | plate heat exchangers |
US98813507P | 2007-11-15 | 2007-11-15 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2051035A2 EP2051035A2 (en) | 2009-04-22 |
EP2051035A3 EP2051035A3 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
EP2051035B1 true EP2051035B1 (en) | 2014-12-17 |
Family
ID=40243805
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08164322.3A Active EP2051035B1 (en) | 2007-10-15 | 2008-09-15 | Plate heat exchanger |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090095457A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2051035B1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE532197C2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10890384B2 (en) | 2019-02-22 | 2021-01-12 | Alfa Laval Corporate Ab | Plate heat exchanger |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2402696A1 (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2012-01-04 | Alfa Laval Corporate AB | Flow module, reactor or heat exchanger plate clamping device |
EP2474804A1 (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2012-07-11 | Alfa Laval Corporate AB | Plate heat exchanger |
KR101490634B1 (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-02-05 | 주식회사 포스코 | Heat exchanger having cleaning apparatus |
US20160097605A1 (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-04-07 | Spx Corporation | Hydraulic Closure Unit and Retrofit System for a Plate Heat Exchanger |
CN106269713A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2017-01-04 | 四平维克斯换热设备有限公司 | The hot setting seal gasket of heat-exchangers of the plate type and the separation method of plate |
CN204987974U (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2016-01-20 | 扬州派斯特换热设备有限公司 | Removable full welding plate type heat exchanger of double -barrelled case |
US10302598B2 (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2019-05-28 | General Electric Company | Corrosion and crack detection for fastener nuts |
CN109489448B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2024-03-01 | 江阴市中迪空冷设备有限公司 | High-efficiency high-strength embedded fin type air cooler |
CN111457777A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-07-28 | 阿法拉伐股份有限公司 | Peripheral frame for plate heat exchanger, plate heat exchanger and heat exchanger assembly |
RU2763632C1 (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-12-30 | Данфосс А/С | Plate heat exchanger |
CN112146487B (en) * | 2020-09-05 | 2022-04-12 | 万江新能源集团有限公司 | Conveniently-detached plate heat exchanger for geothermal recharge system |
CN113154914B (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2022-05-24 | 泰州市远望换热设备有限公司 | Energy-saving environment-friendly plate heat exchanger and working method thereof |
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US1542803A (en) * | 1920-07-19 | 1925-06-16 | Gordon Form Lathe Company | Lathe |
US1809188A (en) * | 1927-01-28 | 1931-06-09 | W F And John Barnes Company | Horizontal boring and tapping machine |
US1754857A (en) * | 1929-04-10 | 1930-04-15 | Harrison Albert Dex | Heat-exchange apparatus |
US2252283A (en) * | 1940-06-29 | 1941-08-12 | Fruit Growers Exchange Ca | Box squeeze |
US2585113A (en) * | 1946-02-12 | 1952-02-12 | Gredell Corp | Shear pin coupling for aligned shafts |
US3077120A (en) * | 1960-11-18 | 1963-02-12 | Jr August F Viehweger | Power adapter for landing gear of semi-trailers |
US3194530A (en) * | 1963-05-09 | 1965-07-13 | American Metal Prod | Seat adjuster |
US3388614A (en) * | 1965-01-04 | 1968-06-18 | Renault | Mounting of the camshaft in an overhead camshaft engine |
US3334495A (en) * | 1965-12-03 | 1967-08-08 | Carrier Corp | Breach-lock coupling |
US3545018A (en) * | 1967-12-14 | 1970-12-08 | Glenn H Peterson | Method and apparatus for cutting multiple threads in large workpieces |
JPS5773330U (en) * | 1980-10-23 | 1982-05-06 | ||
US4414070A (en) * | 1982-02-12 | 1983-11-08 | Alcan International Limited | Anode positioning system |
SE8600993D0 (en) * | 1986-03-05 | 1986-03-05 | Alfa Laval Thermal Ab | STANDARD OR PRESSURE PLATE FOR HEAD EXCHANGER |
US5139664A (en) * | 1989-11-27 | 1992-08-18 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Plate and cell holder |
US5056590A (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1991-10-15 | The Cherry-Burrell Corporation | Plate heat exchanger |
SE469295B (en) * | 1991-10-25 | 1993-06-14 | Alfa Laval Food Eng Ab | PLATTLE HEAT EXCHANGER WITH AN ENDLOEST DRIVER ORGANIZATION, EXAMPLE OF A DRIVE BELT, ENGAGED WITH THE HEAD OR NUTS OF THE DRAGULAR BULBS |
JPH10192130A (en) * | 1997-01-14 | 1998-07-28 | Toshio Kawakami | Electric curtain device |
US6899163B2 (en) * | 2003-03-24 | 2005-05-31 | Apv North America, Inc. | Plate heat exchanger and method for using the same |
-
2007
- 2007-10-15 SE SE0702303A patent/SE532197C2/en unknown
-
2008
- 2008-09-15 EP EP08164322.3A patent/EP2051035B1/en active Active
- 2008-10-09 US US12/248,516 patent/US20090095457A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10890384B2 (en) | 2019-02-22 | 2021-01-12 | Alfa Laval Corporate Ab | Plate heat exchanger |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2051035A2 (en) | 2009-04-22 |
SE532197C2 (en) | 2009-11-10 |
SE0702303L (en) | 2009-04-16 |
EP2051035A3 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
US20090095457A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
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