EP2050865B1 - Ground cover with visco-elastic damping characteristics - Google Patents

Ground cover with visco-elastic damping characteristics Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2050865B1
EP2050865B1 EP20080017612 EP08017612A EP2050865B1 EP 2050865 B1 EP2050865 B1 EP 2050865B1 EP 20080017612 EP20080017612 EP 20080017612 EP 08017612 A EP08017612 A EP 08017612A EP 2050865 B1 EP2050865 B1 EP 2050865B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
polymer foam
foam
planar element
floor covering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20080017612
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2050865A1 (en
Inventor
Rolf Dr. Roers
Sebastien Triouleyre
Sven Dr. Meyer-Ahrens
Ralph Schneider
Semka Muratovic
Hans Johann Klünter
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Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH
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Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE200710049506 external-priority patent/DE102007049506B3/en
Priority claimed from DE200810046667 external-priority patent/DE102008046667A1/en
Application filed by Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH filed Critical Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH
Publication of EP2050865A1 publication Critical patent/EP2050865A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2050865B1 publication Critical patent/EP2050865B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0063—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf
    • D06N7/0071—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by their backing, e.g. pre-coat, back coating, secondary backing, cushion backing
    • D06N7/0073—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by their backing, e.g. pre-coat, back coating, secondary backing, cushion backing the back coating or pre-coat being applied as an aqueous dispersion or latex
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0063—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf
    • D06N7/0071—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by their backing, e.g. pre-coat, back coating, secondary backing, cushion backing
    • D06N7/0081—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by their backing, e.g. pre-coat, back coating, secondary backing, cushion backing with at least one extra fibrous layer at the backing, e.g. stabilizing fibrous layer, fibrous secondary backing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0063—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf
    • D06N7/0071—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by their backing, e.g. pre-coat, back coating, secondary backing, cushion backing
    • D06N7/0086—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by their backing, e.g. pre-coat, back coating, secondary backing, cushion backing characterised by the cushion backing, e.g. foamed polyurethane
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2203/00—Macromolecular materials of the coating layers
    • D06N2203/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N2203/068—Polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2205/00—Condition, form or state of the materials
    • D06N2205/04—Foam
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2205/00—Condition, form or state of the materials
    • D06N2205/20—Cured materials, e.g. vulcanised, cross-linked
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/06—Properties of the materials having thermal properties
    • D06N2209/065—Insulating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/06—Properties of the materials having thermal properties
    • D06N2209/067—Flame resistant, fire resistant
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/16—Properties of the materials having other properties
    • D06N2209/1628—Dimensional stability
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
    • D06N2211/12—Decorative or sun protection articles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23979—Particular backing structure or composition

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a floor covering comprising a first textile surface element and a first layer which is planar and at least partially joined to the first textile surface element, wherein the first layer comprises viscoelastic polymer foam.
  • Such floor coverings may be, for example, carpets.
  • the present invention further relates to a method for producing a ground cover.
  • Carpets can be used in a variety of applications. For example, they can be installed in private living spaces or commercial real estate in order to take over thermal insulation and sound insulation in addition to decorative tasks.
  • One way to make carpets is to anchor fibers into a carpet back and then foam the back of the carpet with a foam.
  • a flexible polyurethane foam for sound insulation purposes a process for its preparation and its use.
  • the described polyurethane soft foam for soundproofing purposes has a loss factor of at least 0.3 and in the temperature range of -20 ° C to +80 ° C at a density of less than 90 kg / m 3 and an E-modulus of less than 106 N / m 2 viscoelastic properties.
  • the foam is obtained by reacting an isocyanate with a polyol in which at least one component has an OH number of 180 to 400.
  • the foam is particularly suitable for airborne sound absorption and insulation as well as structure-borne sound insulation.
  • the flexible polyurethane foam can be used as end wall or floor carpet underfoaming in motor vehicles.
  • a carpet specially equipped to achieve adequate foam tightness, optionally with sound insulation films, was placed in the foam mold. After applying one of the usual mold release agents, the reactive mixture was poured into the mold in just enough quantity when the mold lid was closed. 2.5 to 3 minutes after the injection could be removed from the mold.
  • JP 04 119842 A discloses a mat comprising (A) a fiber surface layer, for example, nylon BCF, (B) a bulky elastic resin layer, for example, polyethylene foam, and (C) a foamed synthetic resin layer, for example, viscoelastic polyester polyurethane laminated in this order.
  • the voluminous elastic layer is made of a fine cell foam or of a composition mainly containing a fiber arrangement.
  • the foam resin layer is a viscoelastic microporous film.
  • the microporous film is made of a resin in which the maximum dynamic damping (E ") temperature is -50 ° C to -10 ° C, the maximum value of the loss tangent (tan delta) is less than 0.8 dyn / cm 2 and the dynamic viscoelasticity (damping is E ') in the rubber region is below 9.0 dynes / cm 2.
  • the fiber surface layer is a batt and an adhesive (e.g., SBR latex) is applied to the base fabric to facilitate release of the fibers To prevent fibrous web.
  • JP 04 105613 A discloses a material comprising a base fabric and a high fiber part.
  • a viscoelastic, fine-pored film is laminated to the back of the floor material.
  • the viscoelastic, fine-pored film is embossed under a load of up to 100 g / cm 2 and has a bond strength of 0.8 kg / cm width.
  • the viscoelastic fine pore film preferably comprises polyurethane, SBR, NBR or silicone resin and has a maximum dynamic damping (E ") temperature of -50 ° C to -10 ° C, a maximum value of the loss tangent (tan delta) of up to 0, 8 dyne / cm 2 , a dynamic viscoelasticity (in the rubber range) of up to 9.0 dynes / cm 2 and a thickness of 0.1 to 4.5 mm.
  • E maximum dynamic damping
  • JP 04 105612 A discloses a fibrous floor covering material comprising a base cloth and a Faserflorteil, wherein a viscoelastic, finely porous film laminated on the back of the floor covering material and fine holes are formed from the surface to the rear side to an air permeability of 5 cm 3 / sec or more to to reach.
  • the fibrous ground covering material has a hardness of 10 to 19 cm, a stress at 10% elongation of 2 to 6 kg / cm, and a bonding strength of 0.8 kg / cm or more.
  • the base cloth and the fiber pile member are made of natural or synthetic fibers such as nylon, polyester and others, and the fine-pored film is polyurethane, SBR, NBR, a silicone resin film and others.
  • JP 04 084908 A discloses a carpet backing having a viscoelastic layer. Cut lines, trenches or depressions are attached to one part or the whole layer. Pits are formed with recesses.
  • the layer is formed from a viscoelastic microporous film having a maximum hole diameter of 3 to 250 microns and a thickness of 0.1 to 4.5 mm.
  • the microporous film comprises a resin having a maximum dynamic damping temperature E "of -50 ° C to -10 ° C, a maximum value of the loss tangent tan delta of up to 0.8 and a dynamic viscoelasticity in the rubber region (log 10 E '). ) of up to 9.0 dynes / cm 2 .
  • JP 04 174163 A discloses a material comprising a base cloth and a flowery part on the base cloth.
  • a fine pore viscoelastic layer is formed on the backside of the bottom covering material.
  • the microporous layer is preferably formed of a resin having a maximum dynamic damping temperature E "of -50 ° C to -10 ° C, a maximum value of the loss tangent of up to 0.8 and a dynamic elastic modulus in the rubber region of up to 9, 0 dynes / cm 2 .
  • DE 39 42 330 A1 discloses a process for producing flexible flexible polyurethane foams having viscoelastic body sound attenuating properties in a temperature range of -20 ° C to + 80 ° C by reacting a) a polyoxyalkylene polyol mixture containing ai) specific block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene polyol mixtures with a hydroxyl number of 14 to 65 and a content of terminally bound Ethylene oxide units of 2 to 9 wt .-%, which in turn are obtained using a starter molecule mixture having an average functionality of 2.3 to 2.8, consisting of water and glycerol or trimethylolpropane or water and glycerol and trimethylolpropane and aii) at least one di- or trifunctional polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene polyol containing from 60 to 85% by weight of oxethylene units, based on the total weight of polymerizable alkylene oxide units, and having a hydroxyl number
  • the flexible PU flexible foams and flexible PU foams produced by this process are used in the household sector, for example for carpet backing for impact sound insulation, as cladding elements and in the automotive industry as structure-borne sound insulating materials, for example, to encapsulate the engine compartment or to reduce the vehicle interior noise through with these Foams foam-backed cover layers.
  • Carpet backs of carpets used in the automotive sector for soundproofing are usually designed to be stiff, since it is not desirable to pass through or sink into the carpet here.
  • the present invention has the object to overcome at least one of the mentioned disadvantages in the prior art. In particular, it has set itself the task of providing such a carpet.
  • a floor covering comprising a first textile surface element and a first layer which is connected to the first textile surface element in a planar manner and at least partially cohesively, wherein the first layer comprises viscoelastic polymer foam.
  • the ground covering according to the invention is characterized in that the first textile planar element has a modulus of elasticity according to DIN 53504 of ⁇ 0.5 N / mm 2 to ⁇ 2.5 N / mm 2 , that in the first layer the viscoelastic polymer foam has a compressive strength at 40% compression according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 of ⁇ 1 kPa to ⁇ 10 kPa that in the first layer of the viscoelastic polymer foam a hysteresis according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 in determining the compression hardness at 40% compression of ⁇ 20 % to ⁇ 70% and that the viscoelastic polymer foam of the first layer is a polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene or polycarbonate foam or natural or synthetic latex foam, and wherein the Bodenbedeckung further comprises a second layer, which is arranged on the first textile surface element opposite side of the
  • floor covering means not only carpets, floor mats and the like, but is also to be understood in terms of seat cushion for furniture or mattresses.
  • the first textile surface element may be, for example, a woven fabric, a scrim, a nonwoven or knitted.
  • fibers can protrude from the first textile surface element, so that there is an arrangement corresponding to a carpet backing.
  • the textile can also be embedded in a polymer.
  • the first textile surface element is connected in a planar manner to the first layer, which means that the main surfaces of the two are facing each other. In other words, the first textile surface element and the first layer lie on top of each other.
  • the first textile surface element has a modulus of elasticity of ⁇ 0.5 N / mm 2 to ⁇ 2.5 N / mm 2 .
  • This is to be understood as the modulus of elasticity for the stretch in the plane direction.
  • the elastic modulus may also be in a range of ⁇ 0.8 N / mm 2 to ⁇ 2.0 N / mm 2 or in a range of ⁇ 1.0 N / mm 2 to ⁇ 1.5 N / mm 2 .
  • the modulus of elasticity is determined by the standard DIN 53504 / ISO 37.
  • the first textile surface element for example in the case of a knitted fabric, exhibits an elastic region of the fabric stretch during stretching and, when further stretched, a region of elasticity of the individual threads of the textile.
  • the modulus of elasticity selected according to the invention denotes the elasticity of the tissue extension.
  • connection achieves that mechanical forces, in particular shearing forces, are transferred from the first textile surface element to the first layer.
  • the connection can be designed cohesively, non-positively and / or positively. Examples of suitable compounds are gluing, welding, backfoaming of the first textile surface element with materials leading to the polymer foam, Velcro fasteners, zippers, snaps and / or sewing.
  • connection can be completely or partially configured.
  • a partial connection can be achieved by creating connection locations only selectively or in a specific pattern.
  • the first layer comprises viscoelastic polymer foam.
  • the polymer foam may have a uniform density or a location-dependent density in the manner of an integral foam.
  • suitable polymer classes are polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and polycarbonate or natural or synthetic latex.
  • the first layer has, for example, a thickness of ⁇ 10 mm to ⁇ 60 mm, preferably of ⁇ 15 mm to ⁇ 30 mm.
  • the viscoelastic properties of the polymer foam of the first layer lead to a delayed energy input into the foam.
  • they are characterized by the compression hardness at 40% compression being ⁇ 1 kPa to ⁇ 10 kPa.
  • This compressive strength can also be in the range of ⁇ 1.1 kPa to ⁇ 3 kPa or from ⁇ 1.2 kPa to ⁇ 2 kPa.
  • the viscoelasticity of the polymer foam is characterized by a hysteresis in the determination of compression hardness at 40% compression of ⁇ 20% to ⁇ 70%.
  • the hysteresis can also be in a range of ⁇ 30% to ⁇ 60% or from ⁇ 35% to ⁇ 50%.
  • the compression hardness or CLD is measured according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 at 23 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C, 50% ⁇ 5% relative humidity, 40% compression, 1st measurement cycle.
  • the CLD is measured in kPa (kilopascals).
  • Percent hysteresis is also determined according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98. It is calculated from the quotient of the enclosed area between the loading and unloading characteristic and the area under the load characteristic multiplied by the factor 100.
  • the hysteresis number is a measure of the ratio of supplied to discharged work. Small hysteresis numbers, for example around 5%, characterize predominantly elastic behavior. Large hysteresis numbers, for example by 90%, predominantly characterize viscous (plastic) behavior.
  • the viscoelastic polymer foam may be characterized in that it has a rebound resilience, measured according to DIN EN ISO 8307, of ⁇ 1% to ⁇ 15%. This rebound resilience can also be in a range of ⁇ 3% to ⁇ 10% or from ⁇ 5% to ⁇ 9%.
  • the viscoelastic polymer foam can furthermore have a density according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 of ⁇ 45 kg / m 3 to ⁇ 120 kg / m 3 , preferably from ⁇ 50 kg / m 3 to ⁇ 70 kg / m 3 , a tensile strength according to DIN EN ISO 1798-1-00 from ⁇ 50 kPa to ⁇ 90 kPa, an elongation according to DIN EN ISO 1798-1-00 of ⁇ 150% to ⁇ 210%, a compression set at 90% compression under dry conditions according to DIN EN ISO 1856-2000 from ⁇ 2% to ⁇ 5% and a compression set at 75% compression and 95% humidity according to DIN EN ISO 1856-96 of ⁇ 2% to ⁇ 5%.
  • the comfort impression when running over the ground covering is achieved by the selected combination of the elasticity of the first textile surface element and the viscoelasticity of the polymer foam layer.
  • the foot is put on with the heel or the shoe with the heel. This is associated with a high pressure on the ground cover. Due to the elasticity of the first textile surface element this point load is intercepted.
  • the person rolls off the foot until the foot comes to rest completely on the ground cover. This unrolling is damped by the viscoelastic polymer foam of the first layer.
  • the foot continues to roll until only the ball of the foot or the front of the shoe touch the ground cover.
  • the viscoelastic polymer foam of the first layer is a polyurethane foam.
  • Polyurethanes are well suited for the polymer foam layer according to the invention because of the viscoelasticity which can be adjusted in a wide range.
  • the monomers of the polyurethane foam may be selected from the group comprising polyether polyols and / or polyester polyols or mixtures of these and at least difunctional isocyanates from the groups of aliphatic or aromatic isocyanates and per se known auxiliaries, catalysts and stabilizers. Examples of this are in the already cited patents or in EP 0 331 941 A1 described.
  • the viscoelastic polymer foam of the first layer is a crosslinked synthetic or natural latex whipped foam.
  • the material of the first textile surface element comprises polyurethane and / or thermoplastic polyurethane.
  • the connection of the first textile surface element to the first layer is achieved by elastomeric adhesive.
  • Particularly suitable adhesives according to the invention are one-component and two-component polyurethane adhesives.
  • Such one-part adhesives include isocyanate-containing prepolymers that cure by the ingress of moisture.
  • the corresponding bicomponent adhesives comprise a polyol component and an isocyanate component and are mixed prior to application.
  • the cured adhesive layer has a modulus of elasticity, determined by the standard DIN EN ISO 527, of ⁇ 100 MPa to ⁇ 1500 MPa, of ⁇ 300 MPa to ⁇ 1000 MPa or of ⁇ 500 MPa to ⁇ 800 MPa. Bonding with an elastomeric adhesive allows easy production of the floor covering according to the invention from separately available parts. Furthermore, due to the elasticity of the present invention desired effect when running over the soil cover is given.
  • fibers penetrate the first textile sheet and penetrate into the first layer. Furthermore, the fibers are anchored in the first layer by elastomeric adhesive. These fibers lead to an additional solidification of the connection of the first textile surface element with the first layer. This increases the resistance to shearing loads.
  • Particularly suitable according to the invention are elastomeric one- and two-component polyurethane adhesives.
  • the fibers can also protrude outward from the first textile surface element and form the tread surface of the ground cover.
  • the fibers can be incorporated into the first textile sheet by processes such as tufting.
  • the first layer additionally comprises an embedded second textile surface element which has a modulus of elasticity of ⁇ 1000 N / mm 2 to ⁇ 2000 N / mm 2 .
  • This is to be understood as the modulus of elasticity for the stretch in the plane direction.
  • the modulus of elasticity is determined by the standard DIN 53504 / ISO 37. It can furthermore be in a range from ⁇ 1200 N / mm 2 to ⁇ 1800 N / mm 2 or from ⁇ 1400 N / mm 2 to ⁇ 1600 N / mm 2 .
  • the second textile surface element can be, for example, a woven fabric, a scrim, a fleece or knitted.
  • it lies flat in the first Layer before, so there are the two main surfaces of the second textile surface element and first layer facing each other.
  • the second textile surface element can be arranged vertically at any height within the first layer, it is advantageous if it lies at the lower end of the first layer, ie in the direction of the ground.
  • the inclusion of a second textile surface element with the elastic properties selected according to the invention results in that the horizontal tensile strength of the soil cover is increased. Furthermore, the introduction of a comparatively high horizontal modulus of elasticity serves to increase the horizontal dimensional stability of the soil cover.
  • the positioning at the lower end of the first layer reduces the influence of the second textile surface element on the damping properties of the remaining components of the floor covering, so that a vertical gradient of the damping during overrunning with the corresponding comfort impression can continue to set.
  • the second textile surface element may, for example, be connected to the first layer in a form-fitting or materially bonded manner, or may also be integrated into the foam of the first layer.
  • the bottom cover further comprises a second layer which is arranged on the first textile surface element opposite side of the first layer and at least partially, for example, materially bonded, connected to the first layer, wherein the second layer comprises polymer foam, which is a compression hardness at 40% compression from ⁇ 15 kPa to ⁇ 150 kPa.
  • a cohesive connection can be constructed for example by gluing or welding.
  • Elastomeric one- or two-component polyurethane adhesives are suitable according to the invention.
  • the second layer has, for example, a thickness of ⁇ 10 mm to ⁇ 40 mm, preferably of ⁇ 15 mm to ⁇ 30 mm.
  • a polymer foam with the mentioned compression hardnesses can be a polyurethane flock composite foam.
  • the polymer foam may furthermore have a density according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 of ⁇ 60 kg / m 3 to ⁇ 200 kg / m 3 , a tensile strength according to DIN EN ISO 1798-1-00 of ⁇ 40 kPa to ⁇ 150 kPa and an elongation according to DIN EN ISO 1798-1-00 of ⁇ 40% to ⁇ 90%. It uses the high compression hardness and high restoring forces and has a stiffer layer in the ground cover on the bottom side. This has the advantage that the sinking heel or the sinking heel is better absorbed when it occurs. The comfort when walking over the ground cover is increased, while at the same time the thickness of the first layer can be kept lower. In addition, there is a cost savings through the use of cheaper Flockenverbundschaumes.
  • this further comprises a third textile surface element which has a modulus of elasticity of ⁇ 1000 N / mm 2 to ⁇ 2000 N / mm 2 , the third textile surface element being opposite to the first layer Side of the second layer is arranged and at least partially connected to the second layer. This is to be understood as the modulus of elasticity for the stretch in the plane direction.
  • the modulus of elasticity is also determined here by the standard DIN 53504 / ISO 37. It can furthermore be in a range from ⁇ 1200 N / mm 2 to ⁇ 1800 N / mm 2 or from ⁇ 1400 N / mm 2 to ⁇ 1600 N / mm 2 .
  • the third textile surface element may be, for example, a woven fabric, a scrim, a nonwoven or knitted.
  • the second layer is arranged on the first textile surface element opposite side of the first layer and at least partially cohesively connected to the first layer, and if the third textile surface element on the first layer opposite side of the second layer is arranged and at least partially connected to the second layer.
  • the arrangement of this embodiment has the advantage that the horizontal tensile strength of the soil cover is increased. Furthermore, the introduction of a comparatively high horizontal modulus of elasticity serves to increase the horizontal dimensional stability of the soil cover.
  • the positioning at the lower end of the second layer reduces the influence of the third textile surface element on the damping properties of the remaining components of the ground cover, so that a vertical gradient of damping during running over can continue to be set with the corresponding comfort impression.
  • the third textile surface element can, for example, be connected to the second layer in a form-fitting or cohesive manner.
  • the soil cover additionally comprises microencapsulated perfumes.
  • Microencapsulated fragrances in the sense of the present invention are substances which respond to the sense of smell of persons in pure form, in solution or in mixtures enclosed in capsules.
  • the capsules have a maximum extent of ⁇ 1 ⁇ m to ⁇ 1 mm, preferably of ⁇ 10 ⁇ m to ⁇ 100 ⁇ m.
  • the microencapsulated fragrances can be incorporated in the first layer, in the first textile surface element and / or in any existing fibers that protrude from the first textile surface element, for example, from the carpet pile. When running over the ground covering according to the invention, the capsules are destroyed and released the fragrances.
  • the invention furthermore relates to a method for producing a ground covering according to the present invention, comprising the step of foaming the first textile surface element with a reaction mixture leading to the polymer foam of the first layer.
  • the foam backing achieved in a simple manner a cohesive connection of the first textile surface element with the first layer.
  • the reaction mixture comprises a polyol and an isocyanate. Consequently, a viscoelastic polyurethane foam is formed in the foam back.
  • the monomers of the polyurethane foam may be selected from the group comprising polyether polyols and / or polyester polyols or mixtures of these and at least difunctional isocyanates from the groups of aliphatic or aromatic isocyanates and per se known auxiliaries, catalysts and stabilizers. Examples of this are in the already cited patents or in EP 0 331 941 A1 described.
  • the reaction mixture may comprise a prepolymer and water.
  • Suitable prepolymers are especially based on di- or polyisocyanates and polyols.
  • FIG. 1 shows a ground cover.
  • the first layer 1 comprises a viscoelastic polymer foam. This layer 1 lies with its underside on the floor.
  • the first textile surface element 2 which is materially connected to the layer 1.
  • fibers 3 stick out. The fibers 3 penetrate the first textile surface element and protrude with its lower end still in the first Layer 1 into it.
  • the fibers are anchored in the first layer 1 by means of elastomeric adhesive (not shown). In this way, the fibers can not be easily ripped out when using the ground cover.
  • FIG. 2 shows another soil cover.
  • the bottom-side first layer 1 now comprises, in addition to the polymer foam, a second textile surface element 4.
  • This is shown here as a fabric.
  • the second textile surface element 4 is arranged in the first layer 1 below.
  • the first textile surface element 2 is connected in a materially bonded manner to the first layer 1.
  • fibers 3 are incorporated, which cover the top of the Bodenbedeckung. Due to its elastic properties, the second textile surface element can absorb forces that can not be cushioned or damped by the first textile surface element 2 and the viscoelastic polymer layer 1 when running over the ground cover.
  • FIG. 3 shows a Bodenbedeckung invention.
  • a second layer 5 is arranged below the first layer 1.
  • This second layer comprises a polymer foam.
  • the polymer foam has a higher compression hardness and higher restoring forces than the viscoelastic polymer foam in the first layer 1. As a result, forces can be absorbed that can not be cushioned or damped by the first textile surface element 2 and the layer with viscoelastic polymer 1 when running over the ground cover.
  • FIG. 4 shows another ground cover according to the invention.
  • a second layer 5 is arranged, and below layer 5, a third textile surface element 6 is arranged.
  • This second layer 5 comprises a polymer foam.
  • the polymer foam has a higher compression hardness and higher restoring forces than the viscoelastic polymer foam in the first layer 1.
  • the third textile surface element 6 comprises a fabric.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Bodenbedeckung, umfassend ein erstes textiles Flächenelement und eine mit dem ersten textilen Flächenelement flächig und zumindest teilweise verbundene erste Schicht, wobei die erste Schicht viskoelastischen Polymerschaum umfasst. Solche Bodenbedeckungen können beispielsweise Teppichböden sein. Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bodenbedeckung.The present invention relates to a floor covering comprising a first textile surface element and a first layer which is planar and at least partially joined to the first textile surface element, wherein the first layer comprises viscoelastic polymer foam. Such floor coverings may be, for example, carpets. The present invention further relates to a method for producing a ground cover.

Teppichböden können in einer Reihe von Einsatzgebieten Verwendung finden. So können sie beispielsweise in privaten Wohnräumen oder gewerblichen Immobilien verlegt werden, um neben dekorativen Aufgaben auch Wärmedämmung und Schallschutz zu übernehmen. Eine Möglichkeit, um Teppichböden herzustellen, ist in einen Teppichrücken Fasern zu verankern und den Teppichrücken anschließend auf der Rückseite mit einem Schaum zu hinterschäumen.Carpets can be used in a variety of applications. For example, they can be installed in private living spaces or commercial real estate in order to take over thermal insulation and sound insulation in addition to decorative tasks. One way to make carpets is to anchor fibers into a carpet back and then foam the back of the carpet with a foam.

Grundsätzlich ist es bekannt, Teppichrücken mit viskoelastischem Schaum zu hinterschäumen. So offenbart DE 33 13 624 A1 beispielsweise einen Polyurethanweichschaumstoff für Schallschutzzwecke, ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und dessen Verwendung. Der beschriebene Polyurethanweichschaumstoff für Schallschutzzwecke weist bei einer Dichte von weniger als 90 kg/m3 und einem E-Modul von weniger als 106 N/m2 einen Verlustfaktor von mindestens 0,3 und im Temperaturbereich von -20 °C bis +80 °C viskoelastische Eigenschaften auf.Basically, it is known to foam carpet backing with viscoelastic foam. So revealed DE 33 13 624 A1 For example, a flexible polyurethane foam for sound insulation purposes, a process for its preparation and its use. The described polyurethane soft foam for soundproofing purposes has a loss factor of at least 0.3 and in the temperature range of -20 ° C to +80 ° C at a density of less than 90 kg / m 3 and an E-modulus of less than 106 N / m 2 viscoelastic properties.

Der Schaumstoff wird erhalten, indem man ein Isocyanat mit einem Polyol umsetzt, in welchem mindestens eine Komponente eine OH-Zahl von 180 bis 400 aufweist. Der Schaumstoff eignet sich besonders zur Luftschallabsorption und -dämmung sowie zur Körperschalldämmung. Gemäß dieser Offenbarung kann der Polyurethanweichschaumstoff als Stirnwand- oder Bodenteppichhinterschäumung in Kraftfahrzeugen eingesetzt werden. In einem Ausführungsbeispiel wurde ein zwecks Erlangung einer ausreichenden Schaumdichtigkeit speziell ausgerüsteter Teppich, gegebenenfalls mit Schallisolationsfolien, in die Schäumform eingelegt. Nach Aufbringen eines der üblichen Formtrennmittel wurde bei geschlossenem Formdeckel das reaktionsfähige Gemisch in gerade ausreichender Menge in die Form eingegossen. 2,5 bis 3 Minuten nach dem Einschuss konnte entformt werden.The foam is obtained by reacting an isocyanate with a polyol in which at least one component has an OH number of 180 to 400. The foam is particularly suitable for airborne sound absorption and insulation as well as structure-borne sound insulation. According to this disclosure, the flexible polyurethane foam can be used as end wall or floor carpet underfoaming in motor vehicles. In one embodiment, a carpet specially equipped to achieve adequate foam tightness, optionally with sound insulation films, was placed in the foam mold. After applying one of the usual mold release agents, the reactive mixture was poured into the mold in just enough quantity when the mold lid was closed. 2.5 to 3 minutes after the injection could be removed from the mold.

JP 04 119842 A offenbart eine Matte, umfassend (A) eine Faser-Oberflächenschicht, zum Beispiel aus Nylon-BCF, (B) eine voluminöse elastische Harzschicht, zum Beispiel Polyethylenschaum und (C) eine geschäumte synthetische Harzschicht, zum Beispiel viskoelastisches Polyesterpolyurethan, laminiert in dieser Reihenfolge. Das Gewicht (B1) der voluminösen, elastischen Schicht (B) und das Gewicht (C1) der geschäumten Harzschicht genügen den folgenden Bedingungen: (a) B1/C ist nicht mehr als 0,95; und (b) B1 + C1 = 0,9 -3,0 kg/m3. JP 04 119842 A discloses a mat comprising (A) a fiber surface layer, for example, nylon BCF, (B) a bulky elastic resin layer, for example, polyethylene foam, and (C) a foamed synthetic resin layer, for example, viscoelastic polyester polyurethane laminated in this order. The weight (B1) of the voluminous, elastic layer (B) and the weight (C1) of the foamed resin layer satisfy the following conditions: (a) B1 / C is not more than 0.95; and (b) B1 + C1 = 0.9-3.0 kg / m 3 .

Die voluminöse, elastische Schicht wird aus einem feinzelligen Schaum hergestellt oder aus einer Zusammensetzung, die hauptsächlich eine Faseranordnung enthält. Die Schaumharzschicht ist ein viskoelastischer, mikroporöser Film. Der mikroporöse Film wird aus einem Harz hergestellt, bei dem die maximale Temperatur der dynamischen Dämpfung (E") -50 °C bis -10 °C beträgt, der Maximalwert der Verlusttangente (tan delta) weniger als 0,8 dyn/cm2 ist und die dynamische Viskoelastizität (Dämpfung ist E') im Gummibereich unterhalb von 9,0 dyn/cm2 ist. Die Faser-Oberflächenschicht ist ein Faserflor und ein Klebstoff (zum Beispiel SBR-Latex) wird auf das Basisgewebe aufgetragen, um das Ablösen der Faserflor zu verhindern.The voluminous elastic layer is made of a fine cell foam or of a composition mainly containing a fiber arrangement. The foam resin layer is a viscoelastic microporous film. The microporous film is made of a resin in which the maximum dynamic damping (E ") temperature is -50 ° C to -10 ° C, the maximum value of the loss tangent (tan delta) is less than 0.8 dyn / cm 2 and the dynamic viscoelasticity (damping is E ') in the rubber region is below 9.0 dynes / cm 2. The fiber surface layer is a batt and an adhesive (e.g., SBR latex) is applied to the base fabric to facilitate release of the fibers To prevent fibrous web.

JP 04 105613 A offenbart ein Material, umfassend ein Basistextil und einen Hochfaserteil. Ein viskoelastischer, feinporiger Film wird auf die Rückseite des Bodenmaterials laminiert. Der viskoelastische, feinporige Film wird unter einer Belastung von bis zu 100 g/cm2 geprägt und hat eine Bindungsstärke von 0,8 kg/cm Breite. Der viskoelastische feinporige Film umfasst vorzugsweise Polyurethan, SBR, NBR oder Silikonharz und hat eine maximale Temperatur der dynamischen Dämpfung (E") von -50 °C bis -10 °C, einen Maximalwert der Verlusttangente (tan delta) von bis zu als 0,8 dyn/cm2, eine dynamische Viskoelastizität (im Gummibereich) von bis zu 9,0 dyn/cm2 und eine Dicke von 0,1 bis 4,5 mm. JP 04 105613 A discloses a material comprising a base fabric and a high fiber part. A viscoelastic, fine-pored film is laminated to the back of the floor material. The viscoelastic, fine-pored film is embossed under a load of up to 100 g / cm 2 and has a bond strength of 0.8 kg / cm width. The viscoelastic fine pore film preferably comprises polyurethane, SBR, NBR or silicone resin and has a maximum dynamic damping (E ") temperature of -50 ° C to -10 ° C, a maximum value of the loss tangent (tan delta) of up to 0, 8 dyne / cm 2 , a dynamic viscoelasticity (in the rubber range) of up to 9.0 dynes / cm 2 and a thickness of 0.1 to 4.5 mm.

JP 04 105612 A offenbart ein faseriges Bodenbedeckungsmaterial, bestehend aus einem Basistuch und einem Faserflorteil, wobei ein viskoelastischer, feinporiger Film auf der Rückseite des Bodenbedeckungsmaterials laminiert ist und feine Löcher von der Oberfläche bis zur Rückseite gebildet sind, um eine Luftdurchlässigkeit von 5 cm3/sec oder mehr zu erreichen. Das faserige Bodenbedeckungsmaterial hat eine Härte von 10 bis 19 cm, einer Spannung bei 10% Dehnung von 2 bis 6 kg/cm und eine Bindungsstärke von 0,8 kg/cm oder mehr. Vorzugsweise sind das Basistuch und der Faserflorteil aus natürlichen oder synthetischen Fasern wie Nylon, Polyester und anderen und der feinporige Film ist Polyurethan, SBR, NBR, ein Silikonharzfilm und andere. JP 04 105612 A discloses a fibrous floor covering material comprising a base cloth and a Faserflorteil, wherein a viscoelastic, finely porous film laminated on the back of the floor covering material and fine holes are formed from the surface to the rear side to an air permeability of 5 cm 3 / sec or more to to reach. The fibrous ground covering material has a hardness of 10 to 19 cm, a stress at 10% elongation of 2 to 6 kg / cm, and a bonding strength of 0.8 kg / cm or more. Preferably, the base cloth and the fiber pile member are made of natural or synthetic fibers such as nylon, polyester and others, and the fine-pored film is polyurethane, SBR, NBR, a silicone resin film and others.

JP 04 084908 A offenbart einen Teppichträger mit einer viskoelastischen Schicht. Schnittlinien, Gräben oder Vertiefungen sind an einem Teil oder an der ganzen Schicht angebracht. Gruben sind mit Aussparungen gebildet. Die Schicht wird aus einem viskoelastischen mikroporösen Film mit einem maximalen Lochdurchmesser von 3 bis 250 Mikron und einer Dicke von 0,1 bis 4,5 mm gebildet. Vorzugsweise umfasst der mikroporöse Film ein Harz mit einer maximalen Temperatur der dynamischen Dämpfung E" von -50 °C bis -10 °C, einem Maximalwert der Verlusttangente tan delta von bis zu 0,8 und einer dynamischen Viskoelastizität im Gummibereich (log10 E') von bis zu 9,0 dyn/cm2. JP 04 084908 A discloses a carpet backing having a viscoelastic layer. Cut lines, trenches or depressions are attached to one part or the whole layer. Pits are formed with recesses. The layer is formed from a viscoelastic microporous film having a maximum hole diameter of 3 to 250 microns and a thickness of 0.1 to 4.5 mm. Preferably, the microporous film comprises a resin having a maximum dynamic damping temperature E "of -50 ° C to -10 ° C, a maximum value of the loss tangent tan delta of up to 0.8 and a dynamic viscoelasticity in the rubber region (log 10 E '). ) of up to 9.0 dynes / cm 2 .

JP 04 174163 A offenbart ein Material, umfassend ein Basistuch und einen florigen Teil auf dem Basistuch. Eine feinporige viskoelastische Schicht wird auf der Rückseite des Bodenbedeckungsmaterials gebildet. Die feinporige Schicht wird vorzugsweise gebildet aus einem Harz mit einer maximalen Temperatur der dynamischen Dämpfung E" von -50 °C bis -10 °C, einem Maximalwert der Verlusttangente von bis zu 0,8 und einem dynamischen Elastizitätsmodul im Gummibereich von bis zu 9,0 dyn/cm2. JP 04 174163 A discloses a material comprising a base cloth and a flowery part on the base cloth. A fine pore viscoelastic layer is formed on the backside of the bottom covering material. The microporous layer is preferably formed of a resin having a maximum dynamic damping temperature E "of -50 ° C to -10 ° C, a maximum value of the loss tangent of up to 0.8 and a dynamic elastic modulus in the rubber region of up to 9, 0 dynes / cm 2 .

DE 39 42 330 A1 offenbart ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von flexiblen Polyurethan-Weichschaumstoffen mit viskoelastischen, körperschalldämpfenden Eigenschaften in einem Temperaturbereich von -20 °C bis +80 °C durch Umsetzung von a) einer Polyoxyalkylen-Polyol-Mischung, die enthält ai) spezielle Blockpolyoxypropylen-Polyoxyethylen-Polyolgemische mit einer Hydroxyzahl von 14 bis 65 und einem Gehalt an endständig gebundenen Ethylenoxideinheiten von 2 bis 9 Gew.-%, die ihrerseits erhalten werden unter Verwendung einer Startermolekülmischung mit einer durchschnittlichen Funktionalität von 2,3 bis 2,8, bestehend aus Wasser und Glycerin oder Trimethylolpropan oder aus Wasser und Glycerin und Trimethylolpropan und aii) mindestens ein di- oder trifunktionelles Polyoxypropylenpolyoxyethylen-Polyol mit einem Gehalt an Oxethyleneinheiten von 60 bis 85 Gew.-% bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht an polymerisierbaren Alkylenoxideinheiten, und einer Hydroxylzahl von 20 bis 80; b) gegebenenfalls niedermolekularen Kettenverlängerungsmitteln mit c) organischen und/oder modifizierten organischen Polyisocyanaten in Gegenwart von d) Katalysatoren, e) Treibmitteln, f) Hilfsmitteln und/oder Zusatzstoffen sowie die hierfür verwendbaren Polyoxyalkylen-Polyol-Mischungen (a). DE 39 42 330 A1 discloses a process for producing flexible flexible polyurethane foams having viscoelastic body sound attenuating properties in a temperature range of -20 ° C to + 80 ° C by reacting a) a polyoxyalkylene polyol mixture containing ai) specific block polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene polyol mixtures with a hydroxyl number of 14 to 65 and a content of terminally bound Ethylene oxide units of 2 to 9 wt .-%, which in turn are obtained using a starter molecule mixture having an average functionality of 2.3 to 2.8, consisting of water and glycerol or trimethylolpropane or water and glycerol and trimethylolpropane and aii) at least one di- or trifunctional polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene polyol containing from 60 to 85% by weight of oxethylene units, based on the total weight of polymerizable alkylene oxide units, and having a hydroxyl number of from 20 to 80; b) optionally low molecular weight chain extenders with c) organic and / or modified organic polyisocyanates in the presence of d) catalysts, e) blowing agents, f) auxiliaries and / or additives and the polyoxyalkylene-polyol mixtures (a) usable therefor.

Die nach diesem Verfahren hergestellten flexiblen PU-Weichschaumstoffe und PU-Formweichschaumstoffe finden Verwendung im Haushaltssektor, zum Beispiel für die Teppichhinterschäumung zur Trittschalldämmung, als Verkleidungselemente und in der Automobilindustrie als körperschalldämmende Materialien, zum Beispiel zur Abkapselung des Motorraumes oder zur Verminderung der Fahrzeuginnengeräusche durch mit diesen Schaumstoffen hinterschäumten Deckschichten.The flexible PU flexible foams and flexible PU foams produced by this process are used in the household sector, for example for carpet backing for impact sound insulation, as cladding elements and in the automotive industry as structure-borne sound insulating materials, for example, to encapsulate the engine compartment or to reduce the vehicle interior noise through with these Foams foam-backed cover layers.

Teppichrücken der im Automobilsektor zur Schalldämmung eingesetzten Teppiche werden in der Regel steif ausgelegt, da ein Durchtreten durch oder Einsinken in den Teppich hier nicht gewünscht ist.Carpet backs of carpets used in the automotive sector for soundproofing are usually designed to be stiff, since it is not desirable to pass through or sink into the carpet here.

Bei der tatsächlichen Verwendung von Teppichen mit spürbaren und somit komfortbringenden Dämpfungseigenschaften, welche einen mit viskoelastischem Schaum hinterschäumten Teppichrücken aufweisen, sind einige Punkte zu beachten. Wenn diese Teppiche als Bodenbeläge genutzt werden sollen, über die Personen auch darüberlaufen und nicht nur wie in Automobilen ihre Füße abstellen, muss der Teppich für die Aufnahme der Druck- und Scherbelastungen geeignet sein. Insbesondere darf sich der Verbund aus Teppichrücken, Teppichfasern und Hinterschäumung nicht lösen.In the actual use of carpets with noticeable and thus comforting cushioning properties, which have a back-foamed with viscoelastic foam carpet backing, some points must be noted. If these carpets are to be used as floor coverings over which people walk over and not just park their feet as in automobiles, the carpet must be suitable for absorbing pressure and shear loads. In particular, the composite of carpet backing, carpet fibers and foam backing must not dissolve.

Schließlich lässt sich beobachten, dass das Laufen über eine reine und zum Erreichen eines Dämpfungseffekts ausreichend dicken Schicht viskoelastischen Schaums wenig komfortabel ist. Dieses kann auf die Unsicherheit zurückgeführt werden, die sich einstellt, wenn der Fuß beim Aufsetzen in den Schaum einsinkt.Finally, it can be observed that walking over a pure layer of viscoelastic foam which is sufficiently thick to achieve a cushioning effect is not very comfortable. This can be attributed to the uncertainty that arises when the foot sinks into the foam when placed.

Aus dem Vorangegangenen wird deutlich, dass weiterhin der Bedarf an einem viskoelastisch gedämpften Teppich besteht, der beim Darüberlaufen einen hohen Komfort aufweist, aber gleichzeitig den Belastungen des Gebrauchs gewachsen ist.From the foregoing, it is clear that there is still a need for a visco-elastic dampened carpet that has high comfort when overflowing but at the same time copes with the burdens of use.

Die vorliegende Erfindung hat sich die Aufgabe gestellt, mindestens einen der angesprochenen Nachteile im Stand der Technik zu überwinden. Insbesondere hat sie sich die Aufgabe gestellt, einen solchen Teppich bereitzustellen.The present invention has the object to overcome at least one of the mentioned disadvantages in the prior art. In particular, it has set itself the task of providing such a carpet.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Bodenbedeckung, umfassend ein erstes textiles Flächenelement und eine mit dem ersten textilen Flächenelement flächig und zumindest teilweise stoffschlüssig verbundene erste Schicht, wobei die erste Schicht viskoelastischen Polymerschaum umfasst.According to the invention, the object is achieved by a floor covering comprising a first textile surface element and a first layer which is connected to the first textile surface element in a planar manner and at least partially cohesively, wherein the first layer comprises viscoelastic polymer foam.

Die erfindungsgemäße Bodenbedeckung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, das erste textile Flächenelement ein Elastizitätsmodul nach DIN 53504 von ≥ 0,5 N/mm2 bis ≤ 2,5 N/mm2 aufweist, dass in der ersten Schicht der viskoelastische Polymerschaum eine Stauchhärte bei 40% Kompression nach DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 von ≥ 1 kPa bis ≤ 10 kPa aufweist, dass in der ersten Schicht der viskoelastische Polymerschaum eine Hysterese nach DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 bei der Bestimmung der Stauchhärte bei 40% Kompression von ≥ 20% bis ≤ 70% aufweist und dass der viskoelastische Polymerschaum der ersten Schicht ein Polyurethan-, Polyethylen-, Polypropylen-, Polystyrol-, Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol- oder Polycarbonat-Schaum oder natürlicher oder Synthese-Latex-Schaum ist, und wobei die Bodenbedeckung weiterhin eine zweite Schicht umfasst, welche auf der dem ersten textilen Flächenelement entgegengesetzten Seite der ersten Schicht angeordnet ist und zumindest teilweise mit der ersten Schicht verbunden ist, wobei die zweite Schicht Polymerschaum umfasst, welcher eine Dichte von ≥ 60 kg/m3 bis ≤ 200 kg/m3 und eine Stauchhärte bei 40% Kompression nach DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 von ≥ 15 bis ≤ 150 kPa aufweist und welcher eine höhere Stauchhärte und höhere Rückstellkräfte aufweist als der viskoelastische Polymerschaum in der ersten Schicht.The ground covering according to the invention is characterized in that the first textile planar element has a modulus of elasticity according to DIN 53504 of ≥ 0.5 N / mm 2 to ≦ 2.5 N / mm 2 , that in the first layer the viscoelastic polymer foam has a compressive strength at 40% compression according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 of ≥ 1 kPa to ≤ 10 kPa that in the first layer of the viscoelastic polymer foam a hysteresis according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 in determining the compression hardness at 40% compression of ≥ 20 % to ≤ 70% and that the viscoelastic polymer foam of the first layer is a polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene or polycarbonate foam or natural or synthetic latex foam, and wherein the Bodenbedeckung further comprises a second layer, which is arranged on the first textile surface element opposite side of the first layer and at least partially connected to the first layer is, wherein the second layer comprises polymer foam, which has a density of ≥ 60 kg / m 3 to ≤ 200 kg / m 3 and a compression hardness at 40% compression according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 of ≥ 15 to ≤ 150 kPa and which has a higher compression hardness and higher restoring forces than the viscoelastic polymer foam in the first layer.

Im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung bedeutet der Begriff der Bodenbedeckung nicht nur Teppiche, Fußmatten und dergleichen, sondern ist auch im Sinne von Sitzpolster für Möbel oder Matratzen zu verstehen.For the purposes of the present invention, the term floor covering means not only carpets, floor mats and the like, but is also to be understood in terms of seat cushion for furniture or mattresses.

Das erste textile Flächenelement kann beispielsweise ein Gewebe, ein Gelege, ein Vlies oder gestrickt sein. Zusätzlich können Fasern aus dem ersten textilen Flächenelement herausragen, so dass eine Anordnung entsprechend einem Teppichrücken vorliegt. Weiterhin kann auch das Textil in ein Polymer eingebettet sein. Das erste textile Flächenelement ist flächig mit der ersten Schicht verbunden, was bedeutet, dass Hauptflächen der beiden zueinander gewandt sind. Anders ausgedrückt, es liegen das erste textile Flächenelement und die erste Schicht aufeinander.The first textile surface element may be, for example, a woven fabric, a scrim, a nonwoven or knitted. In addition, fibers can protrude from the first textile surface element, so that there is an arrangement corresponding to a carpet backing. Furthermore, the textile can also be embedded in a polymer. The first textile surface element is connected in a planar manner to the first layer, which means that the main surfaces of the two are facing each other. In other words, the first textile surface element and the first layer lie on top of each other.

Erfindungsgemäß weist das erste textile Flächenelement ein Elastizitätsmodul von ≥ 0,5 N/mm2 bis ≤ 2,5 N/mm2 auf. Hierunter ist das Elastizitätsmodul für die Streckung in Flächenrichtung zu verstehen. Das Elastizitätsmodul kann auch in einem Bereich von ≥ 0,8 N/mm2 bis ≤ 2,0 N/mm2 oder in einem Bereich von ≥ 1,0 N/mm2 bis ≤ 1,5 N/mm2 liegen. Das Elastizitätsmodul wird anhand der Norm DIN 53504/ISO 37 bestimmt. Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass das erste textile Flächenelement wie beispielsweise im Falle eines Gestricks bei der Dehnung einen elastischen Bereich der Gewebestreckung und bei weiterer Dehnung einen Bereich der Elastizität der einzelnen Fäden des Textils aufweist. In diesem Falle bezeichnet das erfindungsgemäß ausgewählte Elastizitätsmodul die Elastizität der Gewebestreckung.According to the invention, the first textile surface element has a modulus of elasticity of ≥ 0.5 N / mm 2 to ≦ 2.5 N / mm 2 . This is to be understood as the modulus of elasticity for the stretch in the plane direction. The elastic modulus may also be in a range of ≥ 0.8 N / mm 2 to ≦ 2.0 N / mm 2 or in a range of ≥ 1.0 N / mm 2 to ≦ 1.5 N / mm 2 . The modulus of elasticity is determined by the standard DIN 53504 / ISO 37. It can be provided that the first textile surface element, for example in the case of a knitted fabric, exhibits an elastic region of the fabric stretch during stretching and, when further stretched, a region of elasticity of the individual threads of the textile. In this case, the modulus of elasticity selected according to the invention denotes the elasticity of the tissue extension.

Die Verbindung erreicht, dass mechanische Kräfte, insbesondere Scherkräfte, von dem ersten textilen Flächenelement auf die erste Schicht übertragen werden. Die Verbindung kann stoffschlüssig, kraftschlüssig und/oder formschlüssig ausgestaltet sein. Beispiele für geeignete Verbindungen sind Verkleben, Verschweißen, Hinterschäumen des ersten textilen Flächenelements mit zum Polymerschaum führenden Materialien, Klettverschlüsse, Reißverschlüsse, Druckknöpfe und/oder Nähen.The connection achieves that mechanical forces, in particular shearing forces, are transferred from the first textile surface element to the first layer. The connection can be designed cohesively, non-positively and / or positively. Examples of suitable compounds are gluing, welding, backfoaming of the first textile surface element with materials leading to the polymer foam, Velcro fasteners, zippers, snaps and / or sewing.

Die Verbindung kann vollständig oder auch teilweise ausgestaltet sein. Eine teilweise Verbindung kann dadurch erreicht werden, dass nur punktuell oder in einem bestimmten Muster Verbindungsorte geschaffen werden.The connection can be completely or partially configured. A partial connection can be achieved by creating connection locations only selectively or in a specific pattern.

Die erste Schicht umfasst viskoelastischen Polymerschaum. Hierunter ist zunächst zu verstehen, dass neben dem viskoelastischen Polymerschaum noch weitere Komponenten wie Füllstoffe, Farbstoffe, etc. zugegen sein können. Der Polymerschaum kann eine einheitliche Dichte oder nach Art eines Integralschaums eine ortsabhängige Dichte aufweisen. Beispiele für geeignete Polymerklassen sind Polyurethan, Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polystyrol, Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol (ABS) und Polycarbonat oder natürlicher oder Synthese-Latex. Die erste Schicht weist beispielsweise eine Dicke von ≥ 10 mm bis ≤ 60 mm, bevorzugt von ≥ 15 mm bis ≤ 30 mm auf.The first layer comprises viscoelastic polymer foam. This is to be understood initially that in addition to the viscoelastic polymer foam, other components such as fillers, dyes, etc. may be present. The polymer foam may have a uniform density or a location-dependent density in the manner of an integral foam. Examples of suitable polymer classes are polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and polycarbonate or natural or synthetic latex. The first layer has, for example, a thickness of ≥ 10 mm to ≦ 60 mm, preferably of ≥ 15 mm to ≦ 30 mm.

Die viskoelastischen Eigenschaften des Polymerschaums der ersten Schicht führen zu einem zeitverzögerten Energieeintrag in den Schaum. Sie werden zum Einen dadurch charakterisiert, dass die Stauchhärte bei 40% Kompression von ≥ 1 kPa bis ≤ 10 kPa beträgt. Diese Stauchhärte kann auch im Bereich von ≥ 1,1 kPa bis ≤ 3 kPa oder von ≥ 1,2 kPa bis ≤ 2 kPa liegen. Weiterhin wird die Viskoelastizität des Polymerschaums durch eine Hysterese bei der Bestimmung der Stauchhärte bei 40% Kompression von ≥ 20% bis ≤ 70% charakterisiert. Die Hysterese kann auch in einem Bereich von ≥ 30% bis ≤ 60% oder von ≥ 35% bis ≤ 50% liegen.The viscoelastic properties of the polymer foam of the first layer lead to a delayed energy input into the foam. On the one hand, they are characterized by the compression hardness at 40% compression being ≥ 1 kPa to ≤ 10 kPa. This compressive strength can also be in the range of ≥ 1.1 kPa to ≤ 3 kPa or from ≥ 1.2 kPa to ≤ 2 kPa. Furthermore, the viscoelasticity of the polymer foam is characterized by a hysteresis in the determination of compression hardness at 40% compression of ≥ 20% to ≤ 70%. The hysteresis can also be in a range of ≥ 30% to ≤ 60% or from ≥ 35% to ≤ 50%.

Die Stauchhärte oder CLD (Compression Load Deflection) wird nach DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 bei 23 °C ± 2 °C, 50% ± 5% relative Luftfeuchtigkeit, 40% Kompression, 1. Messzyklus gemessen. Die CLD wird in kPa (Kilopascal) gemessen. Die Hysterese in Prozent wird ebenfalls nach DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 bestimmt. Sie errechnet sich aus dem Quotienten der eingeschlossenen Fläche zwischen Be- und Entlastungskennlinie und der Fläche unter der Belastungskennlinie multipliziert mit dem Faktor 100. Die Hysteresezahl ist ein Maß für das Verhältnis von zugeführter zu abgeführter Arbeit. Kleine Hysteresezahlen, beispielsweise um 5%, kennzeichnen vorwiegend elastisches Verhalten. Große Hysteresezahlen, beispielsweise um 90%, kennzeichnen vorwiegend viskoses (plastisches) Verhalten.The compression hardness or CLD (Compression Load Deflection) is measured according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 at 23 ° C ± 2 ° C, 50% ± 5% relative humidity, 40% compression, 1st measurement cycle. The CLD is measured in kPa (kilopascals). Percent hysteresis is also determined according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98. It is calculated from the quotient of the enclosed area between the loading and unloading characteristic and the area under the load characteristic multiplied by the factor 100. The hysteresis number is a measure of the ratio of supplied to discharged work. Small hysteresis numbers, for example around 5%, characterize predominantly elastic behavior. Large hysteresis numbers, for example by 90%, predominantly characterize viscous (plastic) behavior.

Alternativ kann der viskoelastische Polymerschaum dadurch gekennzeichnet sein, dass er eine Rückprallelastizität, gemessen nach DIN EN ISO 8307, von ≥ 1% bis ≤ 15% aufweist. Diese Rückprallelastizität kann auch in einem Bereich von ≥ 3% bis ≤ 10% oder von ≥ 5% bis ≤ 9% liegen.Alternatively, the viscoelastic polymer foam may be characterized in that it has a rebound resilience, measured according to DIN EN ISO 8307, of ≥ 1% to ≤ 15%. This rebound resilience can also be in a range of ≥ 3% to ≤ 10% or from ≥ 5% to ≤ 9%.

Der viskoelastische Polymerschaum kann weiterhin eine Dichte gemäß DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 von ≥ 45 kg/m3 bis ≤ 120 kg/m3, vorzugsweise von ≥ 50 kg/m3 bis ≤ 70 kg/m3 aufweisen, eine Zugfestigkeit gemäß DIN EN ISO 1798-1-00 von ≥ 50 kPa bis ≤ 90 kPa, eine Dehnung gemäß DIN EN ISO 1798-1-00 von ≥ 150 % bis ≤ 210%, einen Druckverformungsrest bei 90% Kompression unter trockenen Bedingungen gemäß DIN EN ISO 1856-2000 von ≥ 2% bis ≤ 5% und einen Druckverformungsrest bei 75% Kompression und 95% Feuchtigkeit gemäß DIN EN ISO 1856-96 von ≥ 2% bis ≤ 5%.The viscoelastic polymer foam can furthermore have a density according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 of ≥ 45 kg / m 3 to ≤ 120 kg / m 3 , preferably from ≥ 50 kg / m 3 to ≤ 70 kg / m 3 , a tensile strength according to DIN EN ISO 1798-1-00 from ≥ 50 kPa to ≤ 90 kPa, an elongation according to DIN EN ISO 1798-1-00 of ≥ 150% to ≤ 210%, a compression set at 90% compression under dry conditions according to DIN EN ISO 1856-2000 from ≥ 2% to ≤ 5% and a compression set at 75% compression and 95% humidity according to DIN EN ISO 1856-96 of ≥ 2% to ≤ 5%.

In der vorliegenden Erfindung wird der Komforteindruck beim Laufen über die Bodenbedeckung durch die ausgewählte Kombination aus der Elastizität des ersten textilen Flächenelements und der Viskoelastizität der Polymerschaumschicht erreicht. Zur Erläuterung sei betrachtet, wie eine Person über einen erfindungsgemäßen Bodenbelag geht. Zunächst wird der Fuß mit der Ferse beziehungsweise der Schuh mit dem Absatz aufgesetzt. Dieses ist mit einem hohen Druck auf die Bodenbedeckung verbunden. Durch die Elastizität des ersten textilen Flächenelements wird diese Punktbelastung abgefangen. Im weiteren Verlauf des Gehvorgangs rollt die Person den Fuß ab, bis der Fuß ganz auf der Bodenbedeckung zu stehen kommt. Dieses Abrollen wird durch den viskoelastischen Polymerschaum der ersten Schicht gedämpft. Schließlich rollt der Fuß weiter ab, bis nur noch der Fußballen oder der Vorderteil des Schuhs die Bodenbedeckung berühren. Beim darauf folgenden Abstoßen vom Boden werden die mechanischen Kräfte wieder gedämpft beziehungsweise rückübertragen. Im Ergebnis stellt sich ein angenehmes Laufgefühl ein, welches auch nicht zur Ermüdung durch zu weichen Boden führt. Die Bodenbedeckung wird auch durch das elastische erste textile Flächenelement geschützt, so dass insbesondere die erste Schicht mit dem Polymerschaum beim Darüberlaufen nicht beschädigt wird.In the present invention, the comfort impression when running over the ground covering is achieved by the selected combination of the elasticity of the first textile surface element and the viscoelasticity of the polymer foam layer. For explanation, consider how a person goes over a flooring according to the invention. First, the foot is put on with the heel or the shoe with the heel. This is associated with a high pressure on the ground cover. Due to the elasticity of the first textile surface element this point load is intercepted. In the course of the walking process, the person rolls off the foot until the foot comes to rest completely on the ground cover. This unrolling is damped by the viscoelastic polymer foam of the first layer. Finally, the foot continues to roll until only the ball of the foot or the front of the shoe touch the ground cover. In the subsequent repelling from the ground, the mechanical forces are again damped or retransferred. The result is a pleasant ride, which also does not lead to fatigue due to soft ground. The ground cover is also protected by the elastic first textile surface element, so that in particular the first layer is not damaged by the polymer foam when running over.

In einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der viskoelastische Polymerschaum der ersten Schicht ein Polyurethanschaum. Polyurethane eignen sich aufgrund der in einem weiten Bereich einstellbaren Viskoelastizität gut für die erfindungsgemäße Polymerschaumschicht. Die Monomere des Polyurethanschaums können ausgewählt sein aus der Gruppe umfassend Polyetherpolyole und/oder Polyesterpolyole oder Mischungen aus diesen und mindestens difunktionellen Isocyanaten aus den Gruppen der aliphatischen oder aromatischen Isocyanate und an sich bekannten Hilfsmitteln, Katalysatoren und Stabilisatoren. Beispiele hierfür sind in den bereits zitierten Patentschriften oder auch in EP 0 331 941 A1 beschrieben.In one embodiment of the present invention, the viscoelastic polymer foam of the first layer is a polyurethane foam. Polyurethanes are well suited for the polymer foam layer according to the invention because of the viscoelasticity which can be adjusted in a wide range. The monomers of the polyurethane foam may be selected from the group comprising polyether polyols and / or polyester polyols or mixtures of these and at least difunctional isocyanates from the groups of aliphatic or aromatic isocyanates and per se known auxiliaries, catalysts and stabilizers. Examples of this are in the already cited patents or in EP 0 331 941 A1 described.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der viskoelastische Polymerschaum der ersten Schicht ein vernetzter Schlagschaum aus synthetischem oder natürlichem Latex.In a further embodiment of the present invention, the viscoelastic polymer foam of the first layer is a crosslinked synthetic or natural latex whipped foam.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung umfasst das Material des ersten textilen Flächenelements Polyurethan und/oder thermoplastisches Polyurethan.In a further embodiment of the present invention, the material of the first textile surface element comprises polyurethane and / or thermoplastic polyurethane.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die Verbindung des ersten textilen Flächenelements mit der ersten Schicht durch elastomeren Klebstoff erreicht. Erfindungsgemäß besonders geeignete Klebstoffe sind ein- und zweikomponentige Polyurethanklebstoffe. Solche einkomponentigen Klebstoffe umfassen isocyanathaltige Prepolymere, die durch Zutritt von Feuchtigkeit aushärten. Die entsprechenden zweikomponentigen Klebstoffe umfassen eine Polyol-Komponente und eine Isocyanatkomponente und werden vor der Applizierung gemischt. Vorzugsweise weist die ausgehärtete Klebstoffschicht ein Elastizitätsmodul, bestimmt anhand der Norm DIN EN ISO 527, von ≥100 MPa bis ≤ 1500 MPa, von ≥300 MPa bis ≤ 1000 MPa oder von ≥500 MPa bis ≤ 800 MPa auf. Das Verkleben mit einem elastomeren Klebstoff ermöglicht die einfache Fertigung der erfindungsgemäßen Bodenbedeckung aus separat erhältlichen Teilen. Weiterhin ist wegen der Elastizität der erfindungsgemäß gewünschte Effekt beim Laufen über die Bodenbedeckung gegeben.In a further embodiment of the present invention, the connection of the first textile surface element to the first layer is achieved by elastomeric adhesive. Particularly suitable adhesives according to the invention are one-component and two-component polyurethane adhesives. Such one-part adhesives include isocyanate-containing prepolymers that cure by the ingress of moisture. The corresponding bicomponent adhesives comprise a polyol component and an isocyanate component and are mixed prior to application. Preferably, the cured adhesive layer has a modulus of elasticity, determined by the standard DIN EN ISO 527, of ≥100 MPa to ≤1500 MPa, of ≥300 MPa to ≤1000 MPa or of ≥500 MPa to ≤800 MPa. Bonding with an elastomeric adhesive allows easy production of the floor covering according to the invention from separately available parts. Furthermore, due to the elasticity of the present invention desired effect when running over the soil cover is given.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung durchdringen Fasern das erste textile Flächenelement und dringen in die erste Schicht ein. Weiterhin sind die Fasern in der ersten Schicht durch elastomeren Klebstoff verankert. Diese Fasern führen zu einer zusätzlichen Verfestigung der Verbindung des ersten textilen Flächenelements mit der ersten Schicht. Dieses erhöht die Widerstandsfähigkeit gegenüber Scherbelastungen. Erfindungsgemäß geeignet sind insbesondere elastomere ein- und zweikomponentige Polyurethanklebstoffe. Die Fasern können auch nach Außen aus dem ersten textilen Flächenelement herausragen und die Trittfläche der Bodenbedeckung bilden. Die Fasern können in das erste textile Flächenelement durch Verfahren wie Tuften eingebracht werden.In another embodiment of the present invention, fibers penetrate the first textile sheet and penetrate into the first layer. Furthermore, the fibers are anchored in the first layer by elastomeric adhesive. These fibers lead to an additional solidification of the connection of the first textile surface element with the first layer. This increases the resistance to shearing loads. Particularly suitable according to the invention are elastomeric one- and two-component polyurethane adhesives. The fibers can also protrude outward from the first textile surface element and form the tread surface of the ground cover. The fibers can be incorporated into the first textile sheet by processes such as tufting.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung umfasst die erste Schicht zusätzlich ein eingebettetes zweites textiles Flächenelement, das ein Elastizitätsmodul von ≥ 1000 N/mm2 bis ≤ 2000 N/mm2 aufweist. Hierunter ist das Elastizitätsmodul für die Streckung in Flächenrichtung zu verstehen. Das Elastizitätsmodul wird anhand der Norm DIN 53504/ISO 37 bestimmt. Es kann weiterhin in einem Bereich von ≥ 1200 N/mm2 bis ≤ 1800 N/mm2 oder von ≥ 1400 N/mm2 bis ≤ 1600 N/mm2 liegen. Das zweite textile Flächenelement kann beispielsweise ein Gewebe, ein Gelege, ein Vlies oder gestrickt sein. Vorteilhafterweise liegt es flächig in der ersten Schicht vor, es sind also die beiden Hauptflächen von zweitem textilen Flächenelement und erster Schicht zueinander gewandt.In a further embodiment of the present invention, the first layer additionally comprises an embedded second textile surface element which has a modulus of elasticity of ≥ 1000 N / mm 2 to ≦ 2000 N / mm 2 . This is to be understood as the modulus of elasticity for the stretch in the plane direction. The modulus of elasticity is determined by the standard DIN 53504 / ISO 37. It can furthermore be in a range from ≥ 1200 N / mm 2 to ≦ 1800 N / mm 2 or from ≥ 1400 N / mm 2 to ≦ 1600 N / mm 2 . The second textile surface element can be, for example, a woven fabric, a scrim, a fleece or knitted. Advantageously, it lies flat in the first Layer before, so there are the two main surfaces of the second textile surface element and first layer facing each other.

Während das zweite textile Flächenelement vertikal gesehen grundsätzlich auf jeder Höhe innerhalb der ersten Schicht angeordnet sein kann, so ist es doch von Vorteil, wenn es am unteren Ende der ersten Schicht liegt, also in Richtung Boden. Die Einbeziehung eines zweiten textilen Flächenelements mit den erfindungsgemäß ausgewählten elastischen Eigenschaften führt dazu, dass die horizontale Reissfestigkeit der Bodenbedeckung erhöht wird. Weiterhin dient die Einführung eines vergleichsweise hohen horizontalen Elastizitätsmoduls zur Erhöhung der horizontalen Dimensionsstabilität der Bodenbedeckung. Durch die Positionierung am unteren Ende der ersten Schicht wird der Einfluss des zweiten textilen Flächenelements auf die Dämpfungseigenschaften der übrigen Komponenten der Bodenbedeckung verringert, so dass sich weiterhin ein vertikaler Gradient der Dämpfung beim Darüberlaufen mit dem entsprechenden Komforteindruck einstellen kann. Das zweite textile Flächenelement kann beispielsweise formschlüssig oder stoffschlüssig mit der ersten Schicht verbunden sein oder aber auch in den Schaum der ersten Schicht integriert sein.While the second textile surface element can be arranged vertically at any height within the first layer, it is advantageous if it lies at the lower end of the first layer, ie in the direction of the ground. The inclusion of a second textile surface element with the elastic properties selected according to the invention results in that the horizontal tensile strength of the soil cover is increased. Furthermore, the introduction of a comparatively high horizontal modulus of elasticity serves to increase the horizontal dimensional stability of the soil cover. The positioning at the lower end of the first layer reduces the influence of the second textile surface element on the damping properties of the remaining components of the floor covering, so that a vertical gradient of the damping during overrunning with the corresponding comfort impression can continue to set. The second textile surface element may, for example, be connected to the first layer in a form-fitting or materially bonded manner, or may also be integrated into the foam of the first layer.

In der vorliegenden Erfindung umfasst die Bodenbedeckung weiterhin eine zweite Schicht, welche auf der dem ersten textilen Flächenelement entgegengesetzten Seite der ersten Schicht angeordnet ist und zumindest teilweise, beispielsweise stoffschlüssig, mit der ersten Schicht verbunden ist, wobei die zweite Schicht Polymerschaum umfasst, welcher eine Stauchhärte bei 40% Kompression von ≥ 15 kPa bis ≤ 150 kPa aufweist. Eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung kann etwa durch Kleben oder Schweißen aufgebaut werden. Erfindungsgemäß geeignet sind elastomere ein- oder zweikomponentige Polyurethanklebstoffe. Die zweite Schicht weist beispielsweise eine Dicke von ≥ 10 mm bis ≤ 40 mm, bevorzugt von ≥ 15 mm bis ≤ 30 mm auf.In the present invention, the bottom cover further comprises a second layer which is arranged on the first textile surface element opposite side of the first layer and at least partially, for example, materially bonded, connected to the first layer, wherein the second layer comprises polymer foam, which is a compression hardness at 40% compression from ≥ 15 kPa to ≤ 150 kPa. A cohesive connection can be constructed for example by gluing or welding. Elastomeric one- or two-component polyurethane adhesives are suitable according to the invention. The second layer has, for example, a thickness of ≥ 10 mm to ≦ 40 mm, preferably of ≥ 15 mm to ≦ 30 mm.

Ein Polymerschaum mit den genannten Stauchhärten kann ein Polyurethan-Flockenverbundschaum sein. Der Polymerschaum kann weiterhin eine Dichte gemäß DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 von ≥ 60 kg/m3 bis ≤ 200 kg/m3 aufweisen, eine Zugfestigkeit gemäß DIN EN ISO 1798-1-00 von ≥ 40 kPa bis ≤ 150 kPa und eine Dehnung gemäß DIN EN ISO 1798-1-00 von ≥ 40% bis ≤ 90%. Man nutzt die hohen Stauchhärten und hohen Rückstellkräfte und hat bodenseitig in der Bodenbedeckung eine steifere Schicht vorliegen. Dieses hat den Vorteil, dass beim Auftreten die einsinkende Ferse oder der einsinkende Schuhabsatz besser aufgefangen wird. Der Komfort beim Laufen über die Bodenbedeckung wird erhöht, während gleichzeitig die Dicke der ersten Schicht geringer gehalten werden kann. Zusätzlich kommt es zu einer Kosteneinsparung durch Verwendung des preisgünstigeren Flockenverbundschaumes.A polymer foam with the mentioned compression hardnesses can be a polyurethane flock composite foam. The polymer foam may furthermore have a density according to DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 of ≥ 60 kg / m 3 to ≤ 200 kg / m 3 , a tensile strength according to DIN EN ISO 1798-1-00 of ≥ 40 kPa to ≤ 150 kPa and an elongation according to DIN EN ISO 1798-1-00 of ≥ 40% to ≤ 90%. It uses the high compression hardness and high restoring forces and has a stiffer layer in the ground cover on the bottom side. This has the advantage that the sinking heel or the sinking heel is better absorbed when it occurs. The comfort when walking over the ground cover is increased, while at the same time the thickness of the first layer can be kept lower. In addition, there is a cost savings through the use of cheaper Flockenverbundschaumes.

In einer Ausführungsform der oben genannten, die zweite Schicht umfassenden Bodenbedeckung umfasst diese weiterhin ein drittes textiles Flächenelement, das ein Elastizitätsmodul von ≥ 1000 N/mm2 bis ≤ 2000 N/mm2 aufweist, wobei das dritte textile Flächenelement auf der der ersten Schicht entgegengesetzten Seite der zweiten Schicht angeordnet ist und zumindest teilweise mit der zweiten Schicht verbunden ist. Hierunter ist das Elastizitätsmodul für die Streckung in Flächenrichtung zu verstehen.In one embodiment of the above-mentioned bottom covering comprising the second layer, this further comprises a third textile surface element which has a modulus of elasticity of ≥ 1000 N / mm 2 to ≦ 2000 N / mm 2 , the third textile surface element being opposite to the first layer Side of the second layer is arranged and at least partially connected to the second layer. This is to be understood as the modulus of elasticity for the stretch in the plane direction.

Das Elastizitätsmodul wird auch hier anhand der Norm DIN 53504/ISO 37 bestimmt. Es kann weiterhin in einem Bereich von ≥ 1200 N/mm2 bis ≤ 1800 N/mm2 oder von ≥ 1400 N/mm2 bis < 1600 N/mm2 liegen. Das dritte textile Flächenelement kann beispielsweise ein Gewebe, ein Gelege, ein Vlies oder gestrickt sein.The modulus of elasticity is also determined here by the standard DIN 53504 / ISO 37. It can furthermore be in a range from ≥ 1200 N / mm 2 to ≦ 1800 N / mm 2 or from ≥ 1400 N / mm 2 to < 1600 N / mm 2 . The third textile surface element may be, for example, a woven fabric, a scrim, a nonwoven or knitted.

Es ist dabei von Vorteil, wenn die zweite Schicht auf der dem ersten textilen Flächenelement entgegengesetzten Seite der ersten Schicht angeordnet ist und zumindest teilweise stoffschlüssig mit der ersten Schicht verbunden ist, und wenn das dritte textile Flächenelement auf der der ersten Schicht entgegengesetzten Seite der zweiten Schicht angeordnet ist und zumindest teilweise mit der zweiten Schicht verbunden ist.It is advantageous if the second layer is arranged on the first textile surface element opposite side of the first layer and at least partially cohesively connected to the first layer, and if the third textile surface element on the first layer opposite side of the second layer is arranged and at least partially connected to the second layer.

Generell hat die Anordnung dieser Ausführungsform den Vorteil, dass die horizontale Reissfestigkeit der Bodenbedeckung erhöht wird. Weiterhin dient die Einführung eines vergleichsweise hohen horizontalen Elastizitätsmoduls zur Erhöhung der horizontalen Dimensionsstabilität der Bodenbedeckung. Durch die Positionierung am unteren Ende der zweiten Schicht wird der Einfluss des dritten textilen Flächenelements auf die Dämpfungseigenschaften der übrigen Komponenten der Bodenbedeckung verringert, so dass sich weiterhin ein vertikaler Gradient der Dämpfung beim Darüberlaufen mit dem entsprechenden Komforteindruck einstellen kann. Das dritte textile Flächenelement kann beispielsweise formschlüssig oder stoffschlüssig mit der zweiten Schicht verbunden sein. Zusätzlich kommt es zu einer Kosteneinsparung durch Verwendung des preisgünstigeren Flockenverbundschaumes.In general, the arrangement of this embodiment has the advantage that the horizontal tensile strength of the soil cover is increased. Furthermore, the introduction of a comparatively high horizontal modulus of elasticity serves to increase the horizontal dimensional stability of the soil cover. The positioning at the lower end of the second layer reduces the influence of the third textile surface element on the damping properties of the remaining components of the ground cover, so that a vertical gradient of damping during running over can continue to be set with the corresponding comfort impression. The third textile surface element can, for example, be connected to the second layer in a form-fitting or cohesive manner. In addition, there is a cost savings through the use of cheaper Flockenverbundschaumes.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung umfasst die Bodenbedeckung zusätzlich mikroverkapselte Duftstoffe. Mikroverkapselte Duftstoffe im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung sind den Geruchssinn von Personen ansprechende Substanzen in Reinform, in Lösung oder in Gemischen, welche in Kapseln eingeschlossen sind. Die Kapseln haben eine maximale Ausdehnung von ≥ 1 µm bis ≤ 1 mm, vorzugsweise von ≥ 10 µm bis ≤ 100 µm. Die mikroverkapselten Duftstoffe können in die erste Schicht eingearbeitet sein, in das erste textile Flächenelement und/oder in eventuell vorhandene Fasern, die aus dem ersten textilen Flächenelement herausragen, beispielsweise also aus dem Teppichflor. Beim Laufen über die erfindungsgemäße Bodenbedeckung werden die Kapseln zerstört und die Duftstoffe freigesetzt.In a further embodiment of the present invention, the soil cover additionally comprises microencapsulated perfumes. Microencapsulated fragrances in the sense of the present invention are substances which respond to the sense of smell of persons in pure form, in solution or in mixtures enclosed in capsules. The capsules have a maximum extent of ≥ 1 μm to ≦ 1 mm, preferably of ≥ 10 μm to ≦ 100 μm. The microencapsulated fragrances can be incorporated in the first layer, in the first textile surface element and / or in any existing fibers that protrude from the first textile surface element, for example, from the carpet pile. When running over the ground covering according to the invention, the capsules are destroyed and released the fragrances.

Dieses löst bei den betroffenen Personen ein angenehmes Empfinden aus und trägt zusätzlich zum Komforteindruck der Bodenbedeckung bei.This triggers a pleasant feeling for the affected persons and additionally contributes to the comfort impression of the ground covering.

Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass die verschiedenen beschriebenen Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung nicht nur einzeln vorliegen, sondern auch beliebig miteinander kombiniert werden können.According to the invention, it is provided that the various described embodiments of the present invention not only exist individually but can also be combined with one another as desired.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist weiterhin ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bodenbedeckung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung, umfassend den Schritt des Hinterschäumens des ersten textilen Flächenelements mit einem zum Polymerschaum der ersten Schicht führenden Reaktionsgemisch. Die Hinterschäumung erreicht auf einfache Weise eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung des ersten textilen Flächenelements mit der ersten Schicht.The invention furthermore relates to a method for producing a ground covering according to the present invention, comprising the step of foaming the first textile surface element with a reaction mixture leading to the polymer foam of the first layer. The foam backing achieved in a simple manner a cohesive connection of the first textile surface element with the first layer.

In einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens umfasst das Reaktionsgemisch ein Polyol und ein Isocyanat. Folglich entsteht bei der Hinterschäumung ein viskoelastischer Polyurethanschaum. Die Monomere des Polyurethanschaums können ausgewählt sein aus der Gruppe umfassend Polyetherpolyole und/oder Polyesterpolyole oder Mischungen aus diesen und mindestens difunktionellen Isocyanaten aus den Gruppen der aliphatischen oder aromatischen Isocyanate und an sich bekannten Hilfsmitteln, Katalysatoren und Stabilisatoren. Beispiele hierfür sind in den bereits zitierten Patentschriften oder auch in EP 0 331 941 A1 beschrieben.In one embodiment of the process according to the invention, the reaction mixture comprises a polyol and an isocyanate. Consequently, a viscoelastic polyurethane foam is formed in the foam back. The monomers of the polyurethane foam may be selected from the group comprising polyether polyols and / or polyester polyols or mixtures of these and at least difunctional isocyanates from the groups of aliphatic or aromatic isocyanates and per se known auxiliaries, catalysts and stabilizers. Examples of this are in the already cited patents or in EP 0 331 941 A1 described.

Ebenfalls kann im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren das Reaktionsgemisch ein Prepolymer und Wasser umfassen. Geeignete Prepolymere sind insbesondere auf der Basis von Di- oder Polyisocyanaten und Polyolen aufgebaut.Also, in the process of the present invention, the reaction mixture may comprise a prepolymer and water. Suitable prepolymers are especially based on di- or polyisocyanates and polyols.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird anhand der nachfolgenden Zeichnung weiter erläutert. Es zeigen:The present invention will be further explained with reference to the following drawings. Show it:

FIG. 1FIG. 1
eine Bodenbedeckunga land cover
FIG. 2FIG. 2
eine weitere Bodenbedeckunganother soil cover
FIG. 3FIG. 3
eine erfindungsgemäße Bodenbedeckunga ground covering according to the invention
FIG. 4FIG. 4
eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Bodenbedeckunganother ground cover according to the invention

FIG. 1 zeigt eine Bodenbedeckung. Die erste Schicht 1 umfasst einen viskoelastischen Polymerschaum. Diese Schicht 1 liegt mit ihrer Unterseite auf dem Boden auf. Auf der Schicht 1 liegt das erste textile Flächenelement 2, welches stoffschlüssig mit der Schicht 1 verbunden ist. Auf der Oberseite der Bodenbedeckung ragen Fasern 3 heraus. Die Fasern 3 durchdringen das erste textile Flächenelement und ragen mit ihrem unteren Ende noch in die erste Schicht 1 hinein. Vorzugsweise sind die Fasern in der ersten Schicht 1 mittels elastomerem Kleber (nicht gezeigt) verankert. Auf diese Weise können die Fasern beim Gebrauch der Bodenbedeckung nicht so leicht herausgerissen werden. FIG. 1 shows a ground cover. The first layer 1 comprises a viscoelastic polymer foam. This layer 1 lies with its underside on the floor. On the layer 1 is the first textile surface element 2, which is materially connected to the layer 1. On top of the ground covering, fibers 3 stick out. The fibers 3 penetrate the first textile surface element and protrude with its lower end still in the first Layer 1 into it. Preferably, the fibers are anchored in the first layer 1 by means of elastomeric adhesive (not shown). In this way, the fibers can not be easily ripped out when using the ground cover.

FIG. 2 zeigt eine weitere Bodenbedeckung. Die bodenseitige erste Schicht 1 umfasst neben dem Polymerschaum nun weiterhin ein zweites textiles Flächenelement 4. Dieses ist hier als Gewebe dargestellt. Das zweite textile Flächenelement 4 ist in der ersten Schicht 1 unten angeordnet. Stoffschlüssig mit der ersten Schicht 1 ist das erste textile Flächenelement 2 verbunden. In dieses sind Fasern 3 eingearbeitet, welche die Oberseite der Bodenbedeckung abdecken. Das zweite textile Flächenelement kann aufgrund seiner elastischen Eigenschaften Kräfte aufnehmen, die beim Laufen über die Bodenbedeckung nicht von dem ersten textilen Flächenelement 2 und der Schicht mit viskoelastischem Polymer 1 abgefedert oder gedämpft werden können. FIG. 2 shows another soil cover. The bottom-side first layer 1 now comprises, in addition to the polymer foam, a second textile surface element 4. This is shown here as a fabric. The second textile surface element 4 is arranged in the first layer 1 below. The first textile surface element 2 is connected in a materially bonded manner to the first layer 1. In this fibers 3 are incorporated, which cover the top of the Bodenbedeckung. Due to its elastic properties, the second textile surface element can absorb forces that can not be cushioned or damped by the first textile surface element 2 and the viscoelastic polymer layer 1 when running over the ground cover.

FIG. 3 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Bodenbedeckung. Unter der ersten Schicht 1 ist eine zweite Schicht 5 angeordnet. Diese zweite Schicht umfasst einen Polymerschaum. Der Polymerschaum weist eine höhere Stauchhärte und höhere Rückstellkräfte als der viskoelastische Polymerschaum in der ersten Schicht 1 auf. Hierdurch können Kräfte aufgenommen werden, die beim Laufen über die Bodenbedeckung nicht von dem ersten textilen Flächenelement 2 und der Schicht mit viskoelastischem Polymer 1 abgefedert oder gedämpft werden können. FIG. 3 shows a Bodenbedeckung invention. Below the first layer 1, a second layer 5 is arranged. This second layer comprises a polymer foam. The polymer foam has a higher compression hardness and higher restoring forces than the viscoelastic polymer foam in the first layer 1. As a result, forces can be absorbed that can not be cushioned or damped by the first textile surface element 2 and the layer with viscoelastic polymer 1 when running over the ground cover.

FIG. 4 zeigt eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Bodenbedeckung. Unter der ersten Schicht 1 ist eine zweite Schicht 5 angeordnet, und unter Schicht 5 ist ein drittes textiles Flächenelement 6 angeordnet. Diese zweite Schicht 5 umfasst einen Polymerschaum. Der Polymerschaum weist eine höhere Stauchhärte und höhere Rückstellkräfte als der viskoelastische Polymerschaum in der ersten Schicht 1 auf. Das dritte textile Flächenelement 6 umfasst ein Gewebe. Durch das dritte textile Flächenelement 6 und durch die zweite Schicht 5 können Kräfte aufgenommen werden, die beim Laufen über die Bodenbedeckung nicht von dem ersten textilen Flächenelement 2 und der Schicht mit viskoelastischem Polymer 1 abgefedert oder gedämpft werden können. FIG. 4 shows another ground cover according to the invention. Under the first layer 1, a second layer 5 is arranged, and below layer 5, a third textile surface element 6 is arranged. This second layer 5 comprises a polymer foam. The polymer foam has a higher compression hardness and higher restoring forces than the viscoelastic polymer foam in the first layer 1. The third textile surface element 6 comprises a fabric. By the third textile surface element 6 and by the second layer 5 forces can be absorbed, which can not be cushioned or damped by the first textile surface element 2 and the layer of viscoelastic polymer 1 when running over the ground cover.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
erste Schicht, umfassend viskoelastischen Polymerschaumfirst layer comprising viscoelastic polymer foam
22
erstes textiles Flächenelementfirst textile surface element
33
Fasernfibers
44
zweites textiles Flächenelementsecond textile surface element
55
zweite Schicht, umfassend Polymerschaumsecond layer comprising polymeric foam
66
drittes textiles Flächenelementthird textile surface element

Claims (12)

  1. Floor covering comprising a first textile planar element (2) and a first layer (1) connected thereto facially and at least partly, wherein the first layer (1) comprises viscoelastic polymer foam, characterized in that the first textile planar element (2) has a DIN 53504 modulus of elasticity of ≥ 0.5 N/mm2 to ≤ 2.5 N/mm2, in that the viscoelastic polymer foam in the first layer (1) has a DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 40% deformation compressive stress of ≥ 1 kPa to ≤ 10 kPa, in that the viscoelastic polymer foam in the first layer (1) has a ≥ 20% to ≤ 70% hysteresis to DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 in the determination of 40% deformation compressive stress, and in that the viscoelastic polymer foam in the first layer (1) is a polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene or polycarbonate foam or natural or synthetic latex foam, and wherein the floor covering further comprises a second layer (5) arranged on that side of the first layer (1) which is opposite the first textile planar element (2), wherein the second layer is at least partly connected to the first layer (1) and comprises polymer foam having a density of ≥ 60 kg/m3 to ≤ 200 kg/m3 and a DIN EN ISO 3386-1-98 40% deformation compressive stress of ≥ 15 to ≤ 150 kPa and which has a higher compressive hardness and higher rebound forces than the viscoelastic polymer foam in the first layer.
  2. Floor covering according to Claim 1, wherein the viscoelastic polymer foam in the first layer (1) is a crosslinked foam blown mechanically from synthetic or natural latex.
  3. Floor covering according to Claim 1, wherein the material of the first textile planar element (2) comprises polyurethane and/or thermoplastic polyurethane.
  4. Floor covering according to Claim 1, wherein the first layer (1) is connected to the first textile planar element (2) by elastomeric adhesive.
  5. Floor covering according to Claim 1, wherein fibres (3) penetrate through the first textile planar element (2) and into the first layer (1) and wherein the fibres are anchored in the first layer (1) by elastomeric adhesive.
  6. Floor covering according to Claim 1, wherein the first layer (1) further comprises an embedded second textile planar element (4) which has a modulus of elasticity of ≥ 1000 N/mm2 to ≤ 2000 N/mm2.
  7. Floor covering according to Claim 1, further comprising a second layer (5) arranged on that side of the first layer (1) which is opposite the first textile planar element (2), wherein the second layer is at least partly connected to the first layer (1) and comprises polymer foam which has a 40% deformation compressive stress of ≥ 15 kPa to ≤ 150 kPa.
  8. Floor covering according to Claim 7, further comprising a third textile planar element (6) which has a modulus of elasticity of ≥ 1000 N/mm2 to ≤ 2000 N/mm2, wherein the third textile planar element is arranged on that side of the second layer (5) which is opposite the first layer (1) and the third textile planar element is at least partly connected to the second layer (5).
  9. Floor covering according to Claim 1, additionally comprising microencapsulated fragrances.
  10. Process for producing a floor covering according to Claim 1, comprising the step of back-foaming the first textile planar element (2) with a reaction mixture leading to the polymer foam of the first layer (1).
  11. Process according to Claim 10, wherein the reaction mixture comprises a polyol and an isocyanate.
  12. Process according to Claim 10, wherein the reaction mixture comprises a prepolymer and water.
EP20080017612 2007-10-15 2008-10-08 Ground cover with visco-elastic damping characteristics Not-in-force EP2050865B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710049506 DE102007049506B3 (en) 2007-10-15 2007-10-15 Ground cover for use as e.g. carpet in private living space for heat insulation, has layer containing viscoelastic polymer foam that exhibits hysteresis between twenty and seventy percentage during provision of compression hardness
DE200810046667 DE102008046667A1 (en) 2008-09-10 2008-09-10 Ground cover for use as e.g. carpet in private living space for heat insulation, has layer containing viscoelastic polymer foam that exhibits hysteresis between twenty and seventy percentage during provision of compression hardness

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EP2050865A1 EP2050865A1 (en) 2009-04-22
EP2050865B1 true EP2050865B1 (en) 2014-11-26

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EP (1) EP2050865B1 (en)
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JP2009215870A (en) 2009-09-24
RU2008140630A (en) 2010-04-20
EP2050865A1 (en) 2009-04-22
US20090155520A1 (en) 2009-06-18
RU2429320C2 (en) 2011-09-20

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