EP2043700A2 - Medical devices having a temporary radiopaque coating - Google Patents
Medical devices having a temporary radiopaque coatingInfo
- Publication number
- EP2043700A2 EP2043700A2 EP07777204A EP07777204A EP2043700A2 EP 2043700 A2 EP2043700 A2 EP 2043700A2 EP 07777204 A EP07777204 A EP 07777204A EP 07777204 A EP07777204 A EP 07777204A EP 2043700 A2 EP2043700 A2 EP 2043700A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nanoparticles
- medical device
- carrier coating
- coating
- surface modifications
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/40—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material
- A61L27/44—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix
- A61L27/446—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix with other specific inorganic fillers other than those covered by A61L27/443 or A61L27/46
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/28—Materials for coating prostheses
- A61L27/30—Inorganic materials
- A61L27/306—Other specific inorganic materials not covered by A61L27/303 - A61L27/32
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/08—Materials for coatings
- A61L29/10—Inorganic materials
- A61L29/106—Inorganic materials other than carbon
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L29/00—Materials for catheters, medical tubing, cannulae, or endoscopes or for coating catheters
- A61L29/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. lubricating compositions
- A61L29/18—Materials at least partially X-ray or laser opaque
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/08—Materials for coatings
- A61L31/082—Inorganic materials
- A61L31/088—Other specific inorganic materials not covered by A61L31/084 or A61L31/086
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/12—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material
- A61L31/125—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix
- A61L31/128—Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material having a macromolecular matrix containing other specific inorganic fillers not covered by A61L31/126 or A61L31/127
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L31/18—Materials at least partially X-ray or laser opaque
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2400/00—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L2400/12—Nanosized materials, e.g. nanofibres, nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes; Nanostructured surfaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to implantable medical devices having a radiopaque coating.
- vascular stents are typically implanted by a catheterization procedure using x-ray fluoroscopy to guide the stent through the vasculature and position it in the target artery.
- the stent and/or stent deployment system must be sufficiently radiopaque (not transparent to x-rays) for visualization under x-ray fluoroscopy.
- FIG. l(c) is an angiogram of a stented artery obtained by x-ray fluoroscopy confirming that the stented artery (black arrows) is unobstructed.
- FIGS. l(a) and l(b) show CT angiography images of the same stented artery (black arrows).
- FIGS. 2(a)-(d) show a set of similar images demonstrating this phenomenon.
- the present invention provides a medical device comprising radiopaque water- dispersible metallic nanoparticles, wherein the nanoparticles are released from the medical device upon implantation of the device.
- the nanoparticles are formed of a metallic material and have surface modifications that impart water-dispersibility to the nanoparticles.
- the nanoparticles may be any of the various types of radiopaque water-dispersible metallic nanoparticles that are known in the art.
- the nanoparticles may be adapted to facilitate clearance through renal filtration or biliary excretion.
- the nanoparticles may be adapted to improve biocompatibility, reduce tissue accumulation, and have reduced toxicity in the human body.
- the nanoparticles may be applied directly onto the medical device, e.g., as a coating, or be carried on the surface of or within a carrier coating on the medical device, or be dispersed within the pores of a porous layer or porous surface on the medical device.
- the medical device itself may be biodegradable, and may have the nanoparticles embedded within the medical device itself or applied as or within a coating on the biodegradable medical device.
- the nanoparticles may be released by diffusion through the carrier coating, disruption of hydrogen bonds between the nanoparticles and the carrier coating, degradation of the nanoparticle coating, degradation of the carrier coating, diffusion of the nanoparticles from the medical device, or degradation of the medical device carrying the nanoparticles.
- Also provided is a method for providing temporary radiopacity to a medical device comprising the steps of: (a) providing a medical device; and (b) applying a coating of water- dispersible metallic nanoparticles onto the medical device; wherein the nanoparticles are released from the medical device upon implantation of the medical device.
- FIGS. l(a) and l(b) are images of a stented coronary artery obtained by CT angiography.
- FIGS. 2(a)-(c) are images of another stented coronary artery obtained by CT angiography.
- FIG. 2(d) is an image of the stented artery of FIGS. 2(a)-(c) obtained by contrast dye injection and x-ray fluoroscopy (with the white arrow indicating the stented segment).
- FIGS. 1 and 2 were obtained from Maintz et al., Assessment of
- the present invention provides a medical device comprising radiopaque water- dispersible metallic nanoparticles, wherein the nanoparticles are released from the medical device upon implantation of the device.
- the term "metallic nanoparticle” refers to a particle having a diameter in the range of about 1 tun to 1000 nm that comprises a metallic material, an alloy, or other mixture of metallic materials.
- the metallic material may be any metal having sufficient radiopacity for visualization under x-ray fluoroscopy, including iodine, barium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, noble metals, platinum, gold, and bismuth.
- Oxides and compounds of the metals listed such as bismuth subcarbonate and bismuth oxychloride, may also be used.
- Salts of the metals listed, such as barium salts, iodine salts, or bismuth salts, may also be used.
- water-dispersible refers to the ability of the material to form an essentially unaggregated dispersion of discrete particles or ions that can be sustained indefinitely in an aqueous medium at physiologic temperatures.
- water-dispersible is intended to include the ability of a material to form solutions, colloid suspensions, or colloid dispersions in water.
- water-dispersible metallic nanoparticle refers to the aforementioned metallic nanoparticle having surface modifications which impart water-dispersibility to the nanoparticle.
- Water-dispersible metallic nanoparticles having various types of surface modifications are known in the art.
- Water-dispersible gold, silver, copper, platinum, and palladium nanoparticles having a layer of organic compounds with reactive functional groups including thiol, disulfide, sulfide, thiosulfate, xanthate, ammonium, amine, phosphine, phosphine oxide, carboxylate, selenide, and isocyanide groups are described in Shon et al., Metal Nanoparticles Protected with Monolayers: Synthetic Methods, in Dekker Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (James A. Schwarz et al. eds., 2004), which is incorporated by reference herein.
- Water-dispersible gold nanoparticles capped with sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) and octadecylamine (ODA) are described in Swami et al., Water -D ⁇ spersible Nanoparticles Via Interdigitation of Sodium Dodecylsulphate Molecules in Octadecylamine-Capped Gold Nanoparticles at a Liquid-Liquid Surface, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 1 15:679-687 (2003), which is incorporated by reference herein.
- Water-soluble polymer-coated iron oxide nanoparticles are described in U.S. Patent. Publication No. 2003/0124193 (Goldshtein), which is incorporated by reference herein.
- Water-soluble micelle- encapsulated metal nanoparticle complexes are described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/0033345 (Dubertret et al.), which is incorporated by reference herein.
- Certain water- dispersible colloidal gold nanoparticles such as auranofin, aurothioglucose, or gold sodium thiomalate, are used pharmacologically in the treatment of inflammatory or rheumatologic diseases.
- Soluble metal oxides and mixed metal (doped) oxides such as titanium oxide, iridium oxide, or tin oxide, can be used to form nanoparticles as described in WO 2005/049520 (Cunningham et al.), which is incorporated by reference herein.
- Water-dispersible metallic nanoparticles can also be formed by coating a metallic nanoparticle with compositions of soluble metal and mixed metal oxides, such as the compositions described in Cunningham.
- the soluble metal oxides could also complex to the metallic nanoparticles (such as gold nanoparticles) by coordination via the functional groups on the soluble metal oxides.
- the soluble mixed metal oxides may also be doped with heavier metals, such as platinum or gold, to enhance radiopacity.
- Radiopaque coatings formed of water-dispersible nanoparticles are more biocompatible than coatings formed of non- water-dispersible nanoparticles, such as the radiopaque coating of naked metallic nanoparticles described in U.S. Patent No. 6,355,058 (Pacetti et al.), which is incorporated by reference herein.
- the water-dispersible nanoparticles used in the present invention may be adapted to facilitate clearance through renal filtration.
- the pores of renal glomerular membranes are believed to be about 8 nm (80 angstroms) wide and dextran particles of up to about 42 angstroms have been demonstrated to be filtered through the glomerulus. See Arthur C. Guyton & John E. Hall, Textbook of Medical Physiology 284-286 (10th ed. 2000), which is incorporated by reference herein.
- the charge and surface characteristics of the nanoparticles will affect renal filtration. See id. For example, neutral or positively charged nanoparticles are filtered more readily than negatively charged nanoparticles.
- the nanoparticles may be adapted to facilitate clearance through biliary excretion.
- the mononuclear phagocytic system which includes the Kupffer cells in the liver, is involved in the liver uptake and subsequent biliary excretion of nanoparticles.
- Certain size and surface properties of nanoparticles are known to increase uptake by the MPS in the liver. See Choi et al., Surface Modification of Functional Nanoparticles for Controlled Drug Delivery, J. of Dispersion Sci. Tech.
- the nanoparticles may be adapted to have reduced toxicity in the human body.
- Characteristics of nanoparticles that are believed to be factors in determining toxicity include its size, agglomeration state, shape, crystal structure, chemical composition (including spatially averaged (bulk) and spatially resolved heterogeneous composition), surface area, surface chemistry, surface charge, and porosity. See Oberdorster et al., Principles for Characterizing the Potential Human Health Effects From Exposure to Nano materials: Elements of a Screening Strategy , Particle and Fibre Toxicology 2:8 (Oct. 6, 2005), which is incorporated by reference herein. Furthermore, the size, hydrophilicity, and surface charge of nanoparticles have been demonstrated to be factors in determining tissue accumulation.
- nanoparticles having a size less than 100 run and having hydrophilic surface modifications are believed to reduce tissue accumulation by avoiding uptake by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) and are believed to allow the nanoparticles to remain in the blood circulation instead of being extravasated through capillary walls.
- RES reticuloendothelial system
- the water-dispersible metallic nanoparticles may be applied onto the medical device in various ways.
- the nanoparticles are deposited directly onto the surface of the medical device.
- Various techniques are available for the deposition of nanoparticles onto substrates, such as chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, electron beam evaporation, electroplating, or reactive sputtering.
- Nanoparticles may also be deposited by applying a nanoparticle mixture, such as a solution, sol, sol-gel, or solvent dispersion, onto the substrate and then evaporating of the mixture.
- a nanoparticle mixture such as a solution, sol, sol-gel, or solvent dispersion
- the medical device comprises a carrier coating, wherein the nanoparticles are carried on the surface of the carrier coating.
- the carrier coating may be formed of polymeric materials, which may or may not be biodegradable, such as the polymeric materials that are conventionally used to coat medical devices.
- the nanoparticles are carried on the surface of a polymer coating and attached thereon via hydrogen bonds between the functional groups on the surface of the nanoparticles and the functional groups on the polymer. Upon implantation and exposure to an aqueous environment, water molecules will disrupt the hydrogen bonds and liberate the nanoparticles from the polymer coating.
- the hydrogen bonding strength between the polymer coating and the nanoparticles is one of the factors determining the rate at which the nanoparticles are released from the coating.
- one of skill in the art can select for nanoparticles or polymer coatings having the desired characteristics to vary the release rate. For example, using polymers that are rich in hydrogen bonding sites, such as polyalkyl-methacrylates, polyethylene-glycols, and polyhydroxy-acids such as polyhydroxy- valerate or polyhydroxy-buterate, would slow the nanoparticle release rate.
- the medical device comprises a carrier coating, wherein the nanoparticles are dispersed within the carrier coating.
- the nanoparticles may be dispersed within the carrier coating using various methods.
- a mixture of the nanoparticles and the carrier coating material is applied onto the medical device by various coating techniques such as spraying, dipping, brushing, electrostatic spraying, or powder coating.
- the carrier coating material is applied first, and then the nanoparticles are embedded into the carrier coating by transfer techniques such as vacuum impregnation or electrophoretic transfer.
- the nanoparticles are applied first to the medical device, and then the carrier coating material is applied over the nanoparticles.
- the nanoparticles are dispersed within a carrier coating formed of a polymeric material. Upon implantation and exposure to an aqueous environment, the nanoparticles are released by diffusion through the polymer matrix of the coating.
- the carrier coating may be formed of a biodegradable polymer. Upon implantation, the biodegradable polymer coating is degraded by exposure to a physiologic environment, releasing the embedded nanoparticles.
- the nanoparticles are dispersed within a carrier coating formed of a porous material. Upon implantation and exposure to an aqueous environment, the nanoparticles are released by diffusion through the porous matrix of the carrier coating.
- the porous material may be any of the various types of porous materials known in the art.
- the nanoparticles are dispersed within a porous metallic or metallic oxide layer, which may be applied onto the medical device by various coating or deposition methods known in the art, such as electroplating, spray coating, dip coating, sputtering, chemical vapor deposition, or physical vapor deposition.
- the nanoparticles are dispersed within a porous carbon layer on the medical device, such as the porous carbon layer formed by carbonization as described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2005/0079200 (Rathenow et al.), which is incorporated by reference herein.
- the medical device may comprise a porous surface on the medical device, which may be created by treating the surface of medical device body with micro- roughening processes such as reactive plasma treatment, ion bombardment, or micro-etching.
- the nanoparticles are dispersed within the porous surface and diffuse out of the porous surface upon implantation of the medical device and exposure to an aqueous environment.
- the medical device itself may be biodegradable and may have the nanoparticles embedded within the medical device itself or applied as or within a coating on the biodegradable medical device. The nanoparticles may be released as described above or may be released through diffusion of the nanoparticles from the medical device or degradation of the medical device carrying the nanoparticles.
- the medical device of the present invention can be any implantable medical device in which x-ray visualization is desired during implantation, while allowing subsequent follow-up visualization using more sensitive imaging modalities such as CT or MRI.
- Such medical devices include stents, stent grafts, catheters, guide wires, balloons, filters (e.g., vena cava filters), vascular grafts, intraluminal paving systems, pacemakers, electrodes, leads, defibrillators, joint and bone implants, spinal implants, access ports, intra-aortic balloon pumps, heart valves, sutures, artificial hearts, neurological stimulators, cochlear implants, retinal implants, and other devices that can be used in connection with therapeutic coatings.
- Such medical devices are implanted or otherwise used in body structures, cavities, or lumens such as the vasculature, gastrointestinal tract, abdomen, peritoneum, airways, esophagus, trachea, colon, rectum, biliary tract, urinary tract, prostate, brain, spine, lung, liver, heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, bladder, intestines, stomach, pancreas, ovary, uterus, cartilage, eye, bone, joints, and the like.
- Such medical devices may be made of any type of material that is of sufficiently low radiopacity for compatibility with sensitive imaging modalities such as CT or MRI.
- Such materials include polymers (whether synthetic, natural, biodegradable, or non-biodegradable), amorphous and/or (partially) crystalline carbon, complete carbon material, porous carbon, graphite, composite carbon materials, carbon fibres, ceramics such as zeolites, silicates, aluminium oxides, aluminosilicates, silicon carbide, silicon nitride; metals such as titanium, zircon, vanadium, chromium, molybdenum, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, and alloys, carbides, oxides, nitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbides, oxynitrides, and oxycarbonitrides of such metals; shape memory alloys such as nitinol, nickel-titanium alloys, glass, stone, glass fibres, minerals, natural or synthetic bone substance bone, imitates based on alkaline earth metal carbonates such as calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, strontium carbonate and any desired combinations of the
- the polymeric materials used in the medical device of the present invention may be biodegradable or non-biodegradable.
- suitable non-biodegradable polymers include polystyrene; polyisobutylene copolymers such as styrene-isobutylene-styrene (SIBS) block copolymers and styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene (SEBS) block copolymers; polyvinylpyrrolidone including cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone; polyvinyl alcohols, copolymers of vinyl monomers such as EVA; polyvinyl ethers; polyvinyl aromatics; polyethylene oxides; polyesters including polyethylene terephthalate; polyamides; polyacrylamides including poly ⁇ ethylmethacrylate-butylacetate-methylmethacrylate) triblock copoylmers; polyethers including polyether sulfone; polyalkylenes including polyprop
- suitable biodegradable polymers include polycarboxylic acid, polyanhydrides including maleic anhydride polymers; polyorthoesters; poly-amino acids; polyethylene oxide; polyphosphazenes; polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and copolymers and mixtures thereof such as poly(L-lact ⁇ c acid) (PLLA), poly(D,L-lactide), poly(lactic acid-co-.
- PLLA poly(L-lact ⁇ c acid)
- D,L-lactide poly(lactic acid-co-.
- glycolic acid 50/50 (DL-lactide-co-glycolide); polydioxanone; polypropylene fumarate; polydepsipeptides; polycaprolactone and co-polymers and mixtures thereof such as poly(D,L- lactide-co-caprolactone) and polycaprolactone co-butylacrylate; polyhydroxybutyrate valerate and blends; polycarbonates such as tyrosine-derived polycarbonates and arylates, polyiminocarbonates, and polydimethyltrimethylcarbonates; cyanoacrylate; calcium phosphates; polyglycosaminoglycans; macromolecules such as polysaccharides (including hyaluronic acid; cellulose, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose; gelatin; starches; dextrans; alginates and derivatives thereof), proteins and polypeptides; and mixtures and copolymers of any of the foregoing.
- polycarbonates such as tyrosine
- the biodegradable polymer may also be a surface erodable polymer such as polyhydroxybutyrate and its copolymers, polycaprolactone, polyanhydrides (both crystalline and amorphous), maleic anhydride copolymers, and zinc-calcium phosphate.
- the medical device of the present invention may also comprise a therapeutic agent, which may be dispersed within the carrier coating or within another coating on the medical device to provide controlled release.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/481,943 US20080008654A1 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2006-07-07 | Medical devices having a temporary radiopaque coating |
PCT/US2007/012142 WO2008008126A2 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2007-05-22 | Medical devices having a temporary radiopaque coating |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2043700A2 true EP2043700A2 (en) | 2009-04-08 |
EP2043700B1 EP2043700B1 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
Family
ID=38596653
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07777204A Not-in-force EP2043700B1 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2007-05-22 | Medical devices having a temporary radiopaque coating |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080008654A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2043700B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2009542410A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE529141T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2666722A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008008126A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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IT202000001048A1 (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2021-07-21 | Univ Degli Studi Padova | Multifunctional nanoparticles based on metal nano alloys for diagnostic and therapeutic uses. |
IT202100001049A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-21 | Univ Degli Studi Padova | MULTIFUNCTIONAL NANOPARTICLES BASED ON METALLIC NANOALLOYS FOR DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC USES. |
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- 2007-05-22 WO PCT/US2007/012142 patent/WO2008008126A2/en active Application Filing
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Cited By (3)
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IT202000001048A1 (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2021-07-21 | Univ Degli Studi Padova | Multifunctional nanoparticles based on metal nano alloys for diagnostic and therapeutic uses. |
WO2021148973A1 (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2021-07-29 | Universita' Degli Studi Di Padova | Multifunctional nanoparticles based on metallic nanoalloys for diagnostic and therapeutic use |
IT202100001049A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-21 | Univ Degli Studi Padova | MULTIFUNCTIONAL NANOPARTICLES BASED ON METALLIC NANOALLOYS FOR DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC USES. |
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JP2009542410A (en) | 2009-12-03 |
US20080008654A1 (en) | 2008-01-10 |
EP2043700B1 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
WO2008008126A3 (en) | 2008-10-02 |
CA2666722A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
WO2008008126A2 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
ATE529141T1 (en) | 2011-11-15 |
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