EP2037208A2 - Projectiles composites réactifs de matrice métallique - Google Patents

Projectiles composites réactifs de matrice métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2037208A2
EP2037208A2 EP08164166A EP08164166A EP2037208A2 EP 2037208 A2 EP2037208 A2 EP 2037208A2 EP 08164166 A EP08164166 A EP 08164166A EP 08164166 A EP08164166 A EP 08164166A EP 2037208 A2 EP2037208 A2 EP 2037208A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
materials
approximately
incendiary
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08164166A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Edward W. Sheridan
George D. Hogus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lockheed Martin Corp
Original Assignee
Lockheed Corp
Lockheed Martin Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lockheed Corp, Lockheed Martin Corp filed Critical Lockheed Corp
Publication of EP2037208A2 publication Critical patent/EP2037208A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/44—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of incendiary type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to incendiary and incendiary initiated explosive projectiles
  • a gun is a device that expels solid projectiles at relatively high velocity by using a propellant.
  • the projectile is fired from the gun through the bore of a hollow tube known as the "barrel".
  • the diameter of the barrel that fires the projectile is typically designated as its caliber, the dimension of which is measured in inches (but may alternately be measured in millimeters).
  • the term "gun” is often used to generally describe all types of projectile-launching devices, but in military nomenclature it refers only to artillery, which is distinguished by its relatively large caliber and size requiring a specialized supporting structure for firing and transport.
  • small arms including weapons such as revolvers, pistols, submachine guns, carbines, assault rifles, rifles, squad automatic weapons, and light machine guns
  • artillery including weapons such as cannon artillery and rocket artillery
  • small arms are typically regarded as having barrels less than 20 millimeters bore size.
  • the initiation of the stored reactive materials is usually caused by impact with a relatively hard target.
  • the explosive charge is set off by a shock wave from the target impact or from heat generated by ignition of the incendiary powder charge.
  • the present invention is of a method of making a projectile, and the resulting projectile, comprising: providing a nose; providing a body; and incorporating within the body incendiary materials mixed into a metal binder, the binder comprising a metal or metal alloy of density greater than approximately 5 g/cm 3 and a melting point of less than approximately 395 degrees C.
  • the density is between approximately 7.5 and 10.5 g/cm 3 .
  • the metal binder comprises bismuth, lead, tin, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, gallium, indium, zinc, or alloys thereof, most preferably 52.2% In/45% Sn/1.8% Zn; 58% Bi/42% Sn; 60% Sn/40% Bi; 95% Bi/5% Sn; 55% Ge/45% Al; 63% Sn/37% Pb; 88.3% Al/11.7% Si; 92.5% Al/7.5% Si; and 95% Al/5% Si; zinc alloy UNS Z33523; zinc alloy UNS Z3841, or commercially pure zinc
  • the resulting projectile has a compressive strength in excess of approximately 14000 psi.
  • the incendiary materials are flaked, powdered, or crystallized, and may be thermite, including thin film thermite.
  • the resulting projectile is substantially insensitive to ignition if impacting a hard surface at less than 300 ft/s.
  • the incendiary materials within the body and mixed into a metal binder are can be additionally mixed with one or more of metastable intermolecular compounds, hydrides, polymeric materials that release a gas upon thermal decomposition, continuous fibers, chopped fibers, whiskers, filaments, structural preforms, woven fibrous materials, dispersed particulates, and nonwoven fibrous materials.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a HEI projectile of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a PIE projectile of the invention.
  • Fig 3 is a longitudinal cutaway sectional view of a jacketed bullet of the invention..
  • the present invention is of a method of manufacturing a projectile and projectiles so manufactured.
  • the method utilizes a low melting point metal binder to retain incendiary materials in a monolithic structure, which thereby introduces attractive structural and target-penetrating controls on the behavior of reactive projectiles fired from a gun
  • incendiary ammunition is typically composed of a low density metal powder fuel mixed with a low density powder oxidizer encapsulated within a steel case and surrounded with a copper jacket.
  • the steel case, copper jacket, and encapsulated materials comprise the projectile and are pressed into a propellant-filled case.
  • the incendiary materials are not mechanically structural, and require a supporting structure (i.e., the case/jacket) for containment, launch survivability, delivery to target, and penetration into a target.
  • the very limited package size associated with incendiary projectiles combined with the relatively low mass densities of the incendiary charge results in a less attractive destructive capacity than would be possible with a more optimized design..
  • Low melting point metal binder are metals and alloys composed of relatively high density elements such as bismuth, lead, tin, zinc, and indium typically in the range of about 5 to 10.5 g/cm 3 (compared to common polymeric binders with densities - 1.5 g/cm 3 and steel alloy densities between 7.5 to 8.5 g/cm 3 ).
  • LMMBs have melting points between approximately 47 and 395 degrees C.
  • LMMBs are, however, mechanically tough and when mixed with flaked, powdered, or crystallized energetic components, have favorable structural properties that can enhance projectile ballistics in comparison to conventional reactive projectiles. Compressive strengths in excess of 14000 psi have been measured with associated selectable ductile and brittle failure modes. Well developed ammunition manufacturing processes used to jacket and case-harden lead-based ammunition can be readily employed to facilitate ease of fielding and also further increase the overall penetration capability of the metal matrix reactive composite projectiles. By using a metal binder to package the energetic materials rather than a polymeric binder (or alternately, no binder at all), the overall projectile density and energetic storage volume can be significantly increased resulting in enhanced target lethality beyond that currently available.
  • metal matrix reactive composite projectiles containing thermite materials will produce a considerable self-sustaining heat in a rapid reaction event. Testing has also demonstrated that metal matrix reactive composite projectiles can be tailored to initiate upon impact with targets of variable hardness.. Additionally, the minimum ignition velocity and overall reaction sensitivity can also be tailored for the application. These materials are categorized as reactive metals (not explosives), and as such do not require IM compliance and are inherently more insensitive than conventionally used high explosives.
  • binders considered have reaction energies comparable to metals such as zinc, iron, molybdenum, and tungsten, burning in oxygen and as such, a given binder may effectively impart a significant afterburning component to the blast further extending the overpressure and thermal energy output. Any metal binder material that is not oxidized by afterburning can be readily distributed into the target, increasing the likelihood of electrical short-circuiting if it is deposited onto electronic components.
  • the binder material can be formed from any suitable metal or combination of metals and/or alloys.
  • the binder material preferably comprises a metal or alloy that when combined with the energetic component (or components), the pressure used to compact and densify the structure is of magnitude below that causing autoignition of the energetic materials.
  • the binder material comprises one or more of: bismuth, lead, tin, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, gallium, indium, zinc, and alloys thereof.
  • suitable binder alloys include (percentages are by mass): 52.2% In/45% Sn/1.8% Zn; 58% Bi/42% Sn; 60% Sn/40% Bi; 95% Bi/5% Sn; 55% Ge/45% Al; 88.3% Al/11.7% Si; 92.5% Al/7.5% Si; and 95% Al/ 5% Si; zinc alloy UNS Z33523; zinc alloy UNS Z3841, and commercially pure zinc.
  • the binder material may optionally include one or more reinforcing elements or additives.
  • the binder material may optionally include one or more of: an organic material, an inorganic material, a metastable intermolecular compound, and/or a hydride.
  • one suitable additive could be a polymeric material that releases a gas upon thermal decomposition.
  • the composite can also be reinforced by adding one or more of the following organic and/or inorganic reinforcements: continuous fibers, chopped fibers, whiskers, filaments, a structural preform, a woven fibrous material, a dispersed particulate, or a nonwoven fibrous material.
  • Other suitable reinforcements may be employed.
  • metal matrix energetic binder technology of the present invention monolithic reactive composite projectiles can be produced that are mechanically structural and physically resemble commonly used lead-based projectiles
  • Well developed ammunition manufacturing processes used to jacket and case hardened lead-based ammunition can be readily employed.
  • the metal matrix energetic material is suspended in a structural binder, it offers a taylorable blend of target penetration and chemical energy delivery that is not currently available in incendiary ammunition..
  • Fig 1 illustrates an HEI projectile 10 made according to the invention, comprising nose 12 (with optional fuzing), projectile body 14, incendiary materials in a metal binder 16, optional tracer 18, and optional rotating band 20.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a PIE projectile 30 made according to the invention, comprising jacket 32, optional penetrator body 34, base plug 36, and incendiary materials in a metal binder 38.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a jacketed bullet 40 according to the invention, comprising jacket 42 (having a nose) and incendiary materials in a metal binder 48.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
EP08164166A 2007-09-12 2008-09-11 Projectiles composites réactifs de matrice métallique Withdrawn EP2037208A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/854,351 US20100263565A1 (en) 2007-09-12 2007-09-12 Metal matrix reactive composite projectiles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2037208A2 true EP2037208A2 (fr) 2009-03-18

Family

ID=40085548

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08164166A Withdrawn EP2037208A2 (fr) 2007-09-12 2008-09-11 Projectiles composites réactifs de matrice métallique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20100263565A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2037208A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2295927A3 (fr) * 2009-09-11 2014-04-02 Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Co.KG Corps volant doté d'une charge pyrotechnique

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DK2720862T3 (en) 2011-06-17 2016-09-19 Fiberweb Inc Vapor permeable, water impervious TOTAL MAJOR MULTI-LAYER ARTICLE
PL2723568T3 (pl) 2011-06-23 2018-01-31 Fiberweb Llc Przepuszczalny dla pary, zasadniczo nieprzepuszczalny dla wody wielowarstwowy wyrób
WO2012178027A2 (fr) 2011-06-23 2012-12-27 Fiberweb, Inc. Article multicouches perméable à la vapeur d'eau, mais essentiellement imperméable à l'eau
US9765459B2 (en) 2011-06-24 2017-09-19 Fiberweb, Llc Vapor-permeable, substantially water-impermeable multilayer article
USD733837S1 (en) 2011-07-26 2015-07-07 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Firearm bullet
USD734419S1 (en) 2011-07-26 2015-07-14 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Firearm bullet
USD733834S1 (en) 2011-07-26 2015-07-07 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Firearm bullet
USD735289S1 (en) 2011-07-26 2015-07-28 R.A. Brands, L.L.C. Firearm bullet
US8950333B2 (en) 2011-07-26 2015-02-10 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Multi-component bullet with core retention feature and method of manufacturing the bullet
USD733252S1 (en) 2011-07-26 2015-06-30 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Firearm bullet and portion of firearm cartridge
USD733835S1 (en) 2011-07-26 2015-07-07 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Firearm bullet
US8752484B2 (en) * 2011-07-26 2014-06-17 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Three component bullet with core retention feature and method of manufacturing the bullet
USD733836S1 (en) 2011-07-26 2015-07-07 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Firearm bullet
US9534876B2 (en) 2013-05-28 2017-01-03 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Projectile and mold to cast projectile
RU2016136384A (ru) * 2014-02-10 2018-03-15 Руаг Аммотэк Гмбх Бессвинцовая деформирующаяся - частично разрушающаяся пуля с заданным протеканием процесса расплющивания и разрушения
EP3105532B1 (fr) * 2014-02-10 2018-03-28 RUAG Ammotec GmbH Projectile à fragmentation partielle sans plomb muni d'un mécanisme de séparation entre l'arrière et l'ogive du projectile
US10436557B2 (en) * 2016-04-18 2019-10-08 Ammo Technologies, Inc. Armor-piercing projectile
US10378867B2 (en) 2017-10-25 2019-08-13 Count-On Tools, Inc. Cartridge
USD858682S1 (en) 2017-10-25 2019-09-03 Count-On Tools, Inc. Handgun projectile
USD855141S1 (en) * 2017-10-25 2019-07-30 Count-On Tools, Inc. Projectile
USD897323S1 (en) * 2018-12-18 2020-09-29 Enrique J. Baiz Vehicle antenna
USD950527S1 (en) * 2018-12-18 2022-05-03 Enrique J. Baiz Land vehicle antenna
USD951924S1 (en) * 2020-11-24 2022-05-17 Enrique J Baiz Vehicle antenna
USD1015312S1 (en) * 2021-04-23 2024-02-20 Taoglas Group Holdings Limited Integrated antenna with connector
US20230081329A1 (en) * 2021-09-14 2023-03-16 Energetic Materials & Products, Inc. Small-caliber ammunition for breaching barriers

Family Cites Families (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8122833B2 (en) * 2005-10-04 2012-02-28 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive material enhanced projectiles and related methods

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2295927A3 (fr) * 2009-09-11 2014-04-02 Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Co.KG Corps volant doté d'une charge pyrotechnique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100263565A1 (en) 2010-10-21

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