EP2021291A1 - Dispositif de traitement d'eau comprenant un reacteur et des moyens d'injection dans le reacteur d'un reactif montes sur des moyens supports mobiles - Google Patents
Dispositif de traitement d'eau comprenant un reacteur et des moyens d'injection dans le reacteur d'un reactif montes sur des moyens supports mobilesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2021291A1 EP2021291A1 EP07729107A EP07729107A EP2021291A1 EP 2021291 A1 EP2021291 A1 EP 2021291A1 EP 07729107 A EP07729107 A EP 07729107A EP 07729107 A EP07729107 A EP 07729107A EP 2021291 A1 EP2021291 A1 EP 2021291A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- treatment device
- water treatment
- nozzle
- injection means
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012297 crystallization seed Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
- C02F1/685—Devices for dosing the additives
- C02F1/686—Devices for dosing liquid additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/02—Softening water by precipitation of the hardness
- C02F5/06—Softening water by precipitation of the hardness using calcium compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
- Y10S261/47—Swing diffusers
Definitions
- Water treatment device comprising a reactor and injection means in the reactor of a reagent mounted on mobile support means.
- the field of the invention is that of the treatment of water. More specifically, the invention relates to water softening techniques, particularly drinking, including decarbonation water treatment techniques.
- the decarbonation for example drinking water, consists of incorporating into the treatment station a reactor in which the raw water is injected at the base and is treated with an alkaline agent of the aforementioned type within a fine granular material serving as crystallization seed for the formation of calcium carbonate beads, and maintained in fluidization in the liquid mass.
- a reactor is known on the one hand, in its part lower, a series of flat injectors constituted by two perforated grids each having a face of triangular teeth and arranged head to tail, through which the water is injected and, on the other hand, in its upper part, a extension comprising a series of inclined slats at an angle of 55 to 65 degrees with the vertical axis of the reactor.
- the alkaline agent is introduced using injectors arranged just above the floor and to distribute staggered over the height of the reactor.
- the injectors for the diffusion of the alkaline agent are incorporated in the walls of the reactor.
- This type of reactor a relatively rapid deposition of calcium carbonate on the alkali injector, deposit which eventually causes a plugging of the injectors.
- the emptying of the reactor involves stopping the current germination process. It is therefore mandatory to seed the reactor after each emptying, which contributes significantly to increase downtime.
- the invention therefore applies particularly to water decarbonation devices but also, more generally, to any water treatment device comprising a reactor and injectors of a reagent within the reactor for which operations of maintenance of injectors should be performed periodically.
- the invention particularly aims to overcome these disadvantages of the prior art.
- the invention aims to provide equipment for water treatment that allows to consider significant operating gains, including significantly reducing downtime due to maintenance interventions means of injection into the reactor of a reagent.
- the invention also aims to provide such equipment that avoids having to drain the reactor and therefore having to seed it after each maintenance intervention.
- the invention also aims to provide such equipment that facilitates maintenance operations, including allowing them to perform them with more flexibility over time with known solutions.
- the invention also aims to provide such equipment that is simple in design and easy to implement.
- a water treatment device comprising a reactor in which a product to be treated is brought, and injection means at least one reagent in said reactor, characterized in that it comprises means for supporting said injection means, said support means being movably mounted relative to said reactor between an active position according to which take place within said reactor and a retracted position according to which the injection means are brought out of said reactor.
- a device according to the invention has many advantages compared to the solutions of the prior art, in particular in that it allows: not to drain the reactor to maintain the injection means of the alkaline agent; not to stop the ongoing germination process and, therefore, to avoid having to seed the reactor. Thanks to the invention, the intervention times related to the maintenance of the reactor, and in particular to that of the reagent injection means can be considerably reduced.
- the injectors (or nozzles) used can be repaired and / or maintained away from the reactor.
- the intervention then consists of removing the nozzles requiring maintenance from the reactor and replacing them with a ready-to-use assembly comprising the nozzles that have been the subject of parallel maintenance (in masked time). Maintenance personnel can thus choose the most appropriate time to carry out their intervention and the response times in the vicinity of the reactor are reduced.
- said reactor is a decarbonation reactor.
- said support means comprise a mat intended to extend substantially in correspondence with the axis of said reactor, said mast carrying at least one radial extension on which said injection means are attached.
- said mat carries at its base, or in the vicinity thereof, three radial extensions.
- said radial extensions are connected by stiffening means, said stiffening means preferably comprising a strapping to which said extensions are connected.
- the support means are satisfactorily reinforced, which makes it possible to limit the risks of degradation of their structure (or even its breakage) due to significant vibrations generated by the passage of water and possibly granular material (in the case a decarbonation device).
- stiffening means in the form of strapping used to center the support means in the reactor (of cylindrical shape), which limits the risk of jamming of the structure during its rise or descent to the inside the reactor.
- each of said extensions carries a bracket on which are mounted said injection means.
- said mat and said sling are releasably coupled.
- said mat is connected by its upper end to a lifting sling, said mat and said sling being preferably removably coupled.
- Such a feature contributes to the simplicity of the device and its ease of implementation.
- the coupling removably allows to consider interventions with great speed: the assembly formed by the mat, the extensions and the injection means carried by the extensions, can be replaced in a short time by a set of the same type, prepared in advance.
- said support means are associated with lifting means provided to allow said support means to move between said retracted position above said reactor and a release position on the side of said reactor.
- said lifting means preferably comprise a telescopic arm extending substantially horizontally.
- feed means for said injection means extend along said support means. It is thus possible to route the feed means in a simple manner in the reactor, the withdrawal of the support means in the retracted position also causing that of the supply means which ensures optimum access to the reactor interior when needed .
- the reactor comprises a floor on which is disposed a plurality of water introduction nozzles to be treated.
- the reactor comprises a floor made of transparent PVC, rigid and reinforced.
- a floor thus produced has a very good resistance to erosion due to the granular material.
- such a floor does not catch the carbon which has the effect of causing a self-cleaning phenomenon through the circulation of water in the reactor.
- said means for injecting a reagent comprise at least one nozzle intended to inject a jet of said reagent, said nozzle being associated with a dispersing member of said jet.
- the injectors of the prior art are generally provided with an exit diameter of about 8 mm.
- the characteristic according to which the injection means are associated with dispersing means advantageously makes it possible to reduce the output diameter of the injection means, and therefore to limit the formation of a deposit of the reagent on them, while ensuring a satisfactory diffusion of the reagent in the reactor.
- said member is placed opposite said nozzle and has a dispersion surface extending over 360 °.
- said member has a conical shape whose apex is intended to be centered with respect to said jet.
- said device comprises means for adjusting the distance separating said nozzle from said member.
- said injection means are advantageously carried by a body having a threaded cylindrical portion, said member comprising a threaded ring intended to cooperate with said threaded cylindrical portion.
- said body carries a counter-nut mounted on said cylindrical and threaded portion and intended to be clamped against said threaded ring.
- said conical shape and said threaded ring are connected by a perforated cage in which said nozzle fits, said cage being preferably constituted by three branches distributed around said conical shape with an angle of about 120 ° between them .
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the support means means for injecting an alkaline agent of a decarbonation device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the means for injecting an alkaline agent into a decarbonation device according to the invention
- - Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a decarbonation device according to the invention.
- the principle of the invention lies in the fact of associating in a water treatment device a reactor and means for injecting a reagent carried by mobile support means relative to the reactor of way to extract the injection means out of the reactor without draining the latter.
- the remainder of the description is made with reference to an application of the invention to a device for decarbonating water.
- FIG. 3 shows a decarbonation reactor 1 of the type in which the raw water to be treated is injected at floor level 11, the water being treated with an alkaline agent at within a fine granular material (eg sand).
- the alkaline agent is injected by injectors 2 carried by a carrier structure 3 vertically movable as symbolized by the arrow Fl.
- the carrier structure 3 makes it possible to bring the injectors 2 out of the reactor vessel into a retracted position, to perform a maintenance operation thereon (and / or inside the reactor), then to bring them back inside the reactor in an active position.
- the carrier structure 3 is mounted on a horizontal telescopic arm 30 allowing, once the carrier structure 3 brought into the retracted position, to move it horizontally as symbolized by the arrow F2. This makes it possible to bring the carrier structure into a release position, adjacent to the reactor.
- the means ensuring the vertical and possibly horizontal displacement of the supporting structure can be set in a relatively small space in height, extending for example between the upper end of the reactor and a building ceiling in which the structure is installed. reactor.
- the carrying structure comprises a mat 31 intended to extend inside the reactor in coincidence with the vertical axis of the latter, the mat 31 carrying radial extensions at its lower end. 32 on which injectors are reported as will be explained in more detail later.
- the mat 31 carries three radial extensions 32 forming pairs at an angle of 120 °, a strapping 321 being secured to the ends of the extensions 32 to form a fast assembly.
- the strapping 321 is secured to the extensions for example by welding.
- the mat 31 is coupled to a lifting sling 34 passing through a mounted pulley and the end of the telescopic arm mentioned above, and connected to a remote lifting winch.
- the sling 34 is coupled to the mat 31 removably, for example by means of a shackle 35.
- supply ducts of the injectors 2 extend along the carrier structure.
- each injector 2 two flexible supply ducts, one for conveying soda, the other for conveying softened water.
- Figure 1 shows a carrier structure, as just described, in the active position, that is to say in the vicinity of the floor 11 of the reactor.
- the floor 11 has a plurality of introduction means in the water reactor to be treated, these introduction means being designed in the form of strainer 111. It is also noted that the floor 11 is advantageously made of a PVC material transparent, rigid and reinforced, such as the material known as TRICOCLAIR (registered trademark).
- the injectors 2 are mounted on the radial extensions 32 using brackets 33 described with reference to Figure 2.
- the brackets 33 are made by the assembly of metal plates 331 , 332, for example welded (the brackets can also be manufactured in one piece) and are provided to present the injectors 2 above the extensions 32.
- the plate 331 forms the amount of the bracket and has at its base holes 3311 for the passage of means for fixing the bracket on an extension, for example by buttoning.
- the plate 332 is intended for carrying an injector 2.
- the body 211 of the injector 2 carrying the nozzle 21 is fixed on the plate 332 by means of two flanges 3321 bolted to the plate. It should be noted that the body 211 has two connection ends 361,
- the tip 361 extending in the axial extension of the body 211 and the tip 371 extending laterally from the body 221.
- the nozzle 21 is associated with a dispersing member 22 intended to ensure the dispersion of the alkaline agent jet issuing from the nozzle 21.
- the member 22 has a conical shape 221 whose apex is directed towards the nozzle and centered with respect thereto, this conical shape 221 constituting a dispersion surface extending over 360 ° and allowing to turn the jet into an umbrella shape.
- this member is mounted adjustably in height relative to the nozzle 21, this so as to adjust the distance between the top of the conical shape and the outlet of the nozzle 21, which optimizes the dispersion of the alkaline agent.
- the top of the conical shape is placed at a distance of about 15 to 20 mm from the outlet of the nozzle.
- the member 22 comprises a threaded ring 222 mounted on a threaded portion 2111 of the body 211. It is understood that the rotation of the threaded ring on the portion of the threaded ring 2111 causes a vertical translation of the member 22 relative to to the body 211, and therefore a variation of the distance between the top of the conical shape 221 and the nozzle 21 (which is fixed on the body 211).
- a lock-nut 2112 is provided on the threaded portion 2111 to maintain the vertical position of the member 22, this being pressed against the threaded ring 222 of the member 22.
- the conical shape 221 is connected to the threaded ring 222 via three branches 223 distributed at 120 ° and together defining a perforated cage in which the nozzle 21 fits.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0604528A FR2901158B1 (fr) | 2006-05-19 | 2006-05-19 | Dispositif de traitement d'eau comprenant un reacteur et des moyens d'injection dans le reacteur d'un reactif montes sur des moyens supports mobiles |
| PCT/EP2007/054655 WO2007135013A1 (fr) | 2006-05-19 | 2007-05-14 | Dispositif de traitement d'eau comprenant un reacteur et des moyens d'injection dans le reacteur d'un reactif montes sur des moyens supports mobiles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2021291A1 true EP2021291A1 (fr) | 2009-02-11 |
Family
ID=37621930
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07729107A Withdrawn EP2021291A1 (fr) | 2006-05-19 | 2007-05-14 | Dispositif de traitement d'eau comprenant un reacteur et des moyens d'injection dans le reacteur d'un reactif montes sur des moyens supports mobiles |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8157996B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2021291A1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2651260A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2901158B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2007135013A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120285894A1 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-15 | Frank Leslie Smiddy | System and method for the treatment of wastewater |
| US9255025B2 (en) | 2012-07-20 | 2016-02-09 | ProAct Services Corporation | Method for the treatment of wastewater |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2328655A (en) * | 1942-02-02 | 1943-09-07 | Chicago Pump Co | Sewage treatment system |
| US3574331A (en) * | 1968-12-18 | 1971-04-13 | Mitsubishi Kakoki Kk | Aeration tank for waste treatment |
| BE755018A (fr) * | 1969-08-20 | 1971-02-01 | Chicago Bridge & Iron Co | Dispositif de distribution d'un gaz tel que l'air dans un bassin a boues activees |
| US3785629A (en) * | 1971-01-20 | 1974-01-15 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Apparatus for gas diffusion |
| JPH044863Y2 (fr) * | 1986-05-10 | 1992-02-12 | ||
| DE3821132A1 (de) * | 1988-06-23 | 1989-12-28 | Henkel Kgaa | Dosieranlage fuer fluessigadditive insbesondere hoher viskositaeten |
| US5716519A (en) * | 1996-04-05 | 1998-02-10 | Chicago Bridge & Iron Technical Services Company | Apparatus for discharging fluid additives into a water treatment vessel |
| US6200472B1 (en) * | 1998-03-30 | 2001-03-13 | Hubbard H. Donald | Three stage sewage treatment system |
| FR2809331B1 (fr) * | 2000-05-26 | 2002-11-29 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Dispositif de dosage d'un reactif liquide dans un liquide contenu dans un recipient |
| US6863810B2 (en) * | 2002-09-16 | 2005-03-08 | Environmental Dynamics, Inc. | Wastewater aeration system with lift out lateral pipes and diffusers |
| FR2874376B1 (fr) * | 2004-08-19 | 2008-05-16 | Degremont Sa | Perfectionnements aux appareils dits de decarbonisation catalytique des eaux |
| FR2901157B1 (fr) * | 2006-05-19 | 2008-07-25 | Otv Sa | Injecteur de reactif destine a equiper un reacteur de traitement d'eau, comprenant une buse associee a un organe de dispersion, et dispositif de traitement d'eau correspondant |
-
2006
- 2006-05-19 FR FR0604528A patent/FR2901158B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-05-14 CA CA002651260A patent/CA2651260A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2007-05-14 EP EP07729107A patent/EP2021291A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-05-14 US US12/300,908 patent/US8157996B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-14 WO PCT/EP2007/054655 patent/WO2007135013A1/fr not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2007135013A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US8157996B2 (en) | 2012-04-17 |
| US20090236290A1 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
| FR2901158B1 (fr) | 2008-08-15 |
| WO2007135013A1 (fr) | 2007-11-29 |
| FR2901158A1 (fr) | 2007-11-23 |
| CA2651260A1 (fr) | 2007-11-29 |
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Legal Events
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| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20081024 |
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Extension state: AL BA HR MK RS |
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| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20090424 |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: GAID, ABDELKADER Inventor name: MALOUM, ABDERRAHMANE |
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| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
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Effective date: 20131203 |