EP2020459B1 - Method and device for machine removal of ground layers in railway tracks - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves detaching and removing a ground layer (6) mechanically below and/or adjacent to a track (1). The ground layer is initially separated from a substrate before mechanically detaching and removing of the ground layer by cutting (5) a base (3) parallel to the rail. The cutting is provided in even-shape, tub-shape, U-shape or in suitable profile form. The track is supported on sleepers (2) on the base. The base is cut by a cutting belt with a saw tooth or with a cutter head and by pressurizing the base with an air jet or water jet. An independent claim is also included for a device for mechanically removing of a ground layer in a railway track.

Description

The invention relates to a method for the mechanical removal of soil layers in track construction according to the preamble of claim 1.

In track construction, there are special machines that dissolve and expand various types of soil such as gravel, gravel, various soils etc. in a mechanical process under the track. This mechanical expansion is currently carried out by means of wheeled excavators or preferably with (special) milling machines.

Since - as stated - the milling process is used in the majority of the mechanical removal of soil layers in track construction, there are several disadvantages here. So the ground is torn open very roughly in the milling process. This means that the excavation bottom can have rough tolerances and loose structures. In addition, in the milling process, the working speed is very slow.

The US 4,152,991 shows a movable on a track device for mechanical removal of soil layers in track construction of the type specified, which stirs the ballast located below the track, to then better to be able to remove it for cleaning. For this purpose serves a tear strip. This projects laterally from the outside inwards into the track bed. This tear strip moves through the track bed as the machine advances, thereby picking up the ballast. This agitated gravel can then be easily removed for the subsequent cleaning process.

The AT 349 051 B shows a device for cleaning railway bedding. By means of an endless circulating chain, the soil material is milled below the track and then immediately fed to a vibrating screen, where gravel and spoil are separated. The cleaned gravel is then returned from there to the area of the track.

The invention has for its object to further develop the method for mechanical removal of soil layers in track construction of the type specified in such a way that can perform the cut before machine loosening and removal of the soil layer effectively and in a technically simple manner.

The technical solution is characterized by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1.

As a result, an improved method of machine construction of soil layers in track construction is provided in which the excavation sole has only small tolerances and the structure is still very strong. Finally, the operating speed is high compared to the known methods. The basic idea of the method according to the invention is based on achieving a separation of the soil layers by means of a corresponding cutting device, in order then to release, convey and load the separated layers. Thus, in the method according to the invention only a dividing line is produced in order to release the soil layers. The actual dissolution process with removal of the material then takes place immediately after the cut production. Excavation can take place in different sections of track. This can happen, for example, below or next to the track. Thus, in this method, in combination with track-bound machine technology, a novel type of soil layer construction can result in an improved excavation floor with an increased rate of expansion. Especially when track-bound expansion can thus be achieved an increase in performance for existing conversion machines and conversion procedures, so as to come to improved quality and increased performance. For cutting or milling of the soil an endlessly circulating saw band or milling belt is used. The advantage is that a high sawing performance can be achieved by this endlessly circulating saw band / milling belt. It is only necessary to provide the saw band / milling belt accordingly with guides and equipped with a corresponding drive. During the circulation of the saw band / milling belt, it is then only necessary to move it forward in the track direction, so that the endlessly circulating saw band / milling belt cuts through the ground. The cutting device is movable on the track. This means that this track-bound device can be combined with other devices for dissolving and transporting the soil layers in a type column on the track.

According to the embodiment in claim 2, the section is stirred substantially straight or trough-shaped or U-shaped. This means that after performing the cut an excavation of the soil layer takes place in the form of the corresponding profile.

The sawing technique can be combined with the milling technique, whereby the milling technique to support the saw cut. The sawing device and milling device can be arranged on corresponding cutting strips. In order to realize the aforementioned U-shaped section, the cutting band may be guided in a U-shaped manner. The same applies to the trough-shaped section in which the cutting tape is guided bent. However, it is also conceivable that according to the three legs of the "U" corresponding separate cutting bands are provided which define these legs.

The development according to claim 3 proposes two variants for the course and thus for the leadership of endlessly circulating saw band / milling belt. In a first variant, the leadership of the saw band / milling belt is proposed in the manner of a U-profile. This means that the base as well as the two legs of the "U" are each formed by a pair of narrow band saw blade / milling tape pair, but with the two saw band / milling band portions running in opposite directions. This will further increase performance. Alternatively, it is also conceivable in a second variant that the endlessly circulating saw band / milling belt is guided as a kind of ring. This "ring" is to be understood in the broadest sense. In the first place, this annular guide is a rectangle which defines the center opening in the interior. Of course, other profile circulations such as trapezes, triangles, polygons, etc. are conceivable.

Fig. 1

eine erste Ausführungsform im schematischen Längsschnitt;

Fig. 2

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 1-1 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3a

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 2-2 in Fig. 1 in einer ersten Variante;

Fig. 3b

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 2-2 in Fig. 1 in einer zweiten Variante mit einer zusätzlichen Detailvergrößerung;

Fig. 4a bis 4d

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 3-3 in Fig. 3 in verschiedenen Ausführungsvarianten;

Fig. 5

eine zweite Ausführungsform im schematischen Längsschnitt;

Fig. 6

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 1-1 in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7a

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 2-2 in Fig. 5 in einer ersten Variante;

Fig. 7b

einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 2-2 in Fig. 5 in einer zweiten Variante mit einer zusätzlichen Detailvergrößerung.

Embodiments of the method according to the invention for the mechanical removal of soil layers in track construction with a corresponding device will be described below with reference to the drawings. In these shows:

Fig. 1

a first embodiment in a schematic longitudinal section;

Fig. 2

a section along the line 1-1 in Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3a

a section along the line 2-2 in Fig. 1 in a first variant;

Fig. 3b

a section along the line 2-2 in Fig. 1 in a second variant with an additional detail magnification;

Fig. 4a to 4d

a section along the line 3-3 in Fig. 3 in different embodiments;

Fig. 5

a second embodiment in a schematic longitudinal section;

Fig. 6

a section along the line 1-1 in Fig. 5 ;

Fig. 7a

a section along the line 2-2 in Fig. 5 in a first variant;

Fig. 7b

a section along the line 2-2 in Fig. 5 in a second variant with an additional detail magnification.

In the Fig. 1 to 4 is a first embodiment and in the Fig. 5 to 7 a second embodiment for the mechanical removal of soil layers in track construction shown.

In the first embodiment in the Fig. 1 to 4 It is shown how a track 1 is mounted on its sleepers 2 on the floor 3. On the track 1 processing vehicles 4 are arranged movable.

The floor 3 below the track 1 should be removed by machine. For this purpose, as shown in Fig. 3a initially introduced below the track 1, a U-shaped section 5 by a corresponding cutting device. This section 5 can be cut by cutting bands with a sawtooth ( Fig. 4a ) or with a milling head ( Fig. 4b ), but also by exposure to atmospheric pressure ( Fig. 4c ) or by means of water jets (4d).

In the illustrated embodiment, an endlessly circulating saw band 8 is provided, which is guided in a U-shape. Instead of the saw band 8 and a milling belt could be used. This means that the vertical legs of the "U" bring the vertical section and the base of the "U" the horizontal section of the total U-shaped section 5. By the endlessly circulating saw band 8 is guided U-shaped, this means that in the region of the base and in the region of the two legs of the U-profile corresponding sections of the saw band 8 run close to each other and parallel to each other in opposite directions. Of course, a corresponding drive for the saw blade 8 is provided.

In the embodiment in Fig. 3b an endlessly circulating saw band 8 is also provided. However, this is not performed in the above manner as a "U", but in the manner of a rectangle with a central opening. This means, however, that the lower Area of this rectangle defines a U-profile, which corresponds to the U-shaped section 5. Instead of the rectangular opening of this revolving saw band 8, other profile shapes are conceivable.

In any case, the section 5 causes a separation of the bottom 3 in an upper layer of soil 6 to be removed and a subjacent surface 7. Due to this clean dividing line, the soil layer located above 6 can be mechanically detached and removed, as in Fig. 1 is shown schematically.

During the entire procedure, the track 1 with its sleepers 2 can either sag after the bottom layer 6 has been removed or the track 1 with its sleepers 2 is held by a corresponding lifting device of the processing vehicles 4.

In the second embodiment in the Fig. 5 to 7 is not about the mechanical expansion of the soil layer 6 below the track 1, but in this case to the mechanical expansion of the soil layer 6 next to the track. 1

The operation is basically the same as in the first embodiment, d. H. a U-shaped cut 5 is made in the manner described above so as to effect a separation of the soil layer 6 to be removed from the substrate 7. Subsequently, the bottom layer 6 is again mechanically released and removed.

In the embodiment in Fig. 7a is according to the variant in Fig. 3a in turn provided an endlessly circulating saw band 8 with a U-shaped guide, while in the variant in Fig. 7b according to the variant in Fig. 3b the endlessly circulating saw band 8 defines a rectangle.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

track

2

threshold

3

ground

4

processing vehicle

5

cut

6

soil layer

7

underground

8th

bandsaw

Claims (3)

1. Method for mechanical excavation of ground layers (6) in track construction, in which a ground layer (6) under and/or next to the track (1) is mechanically detached and extracted,
   wherein before mechanical detachment and extraction of the ground layer (6), this is first separated from the subsoil (7) below by a cut (5) substantially parallel to the track (1) by means of a cutting device that is movable on the track (1),
   characterised in that
   for cutting, an endless circulating saw belt (8) or cutter belt is used.
2. Method according to the preceding claim, characterised in that the cut (5) is made substantially straight or trough-shaped or U-shaped.
3. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the endless circulating saw belt (8) or cutter belt is guided in the manner of a U-profite or as a ring-like profile with a centre opening.

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