EP2020267A1 - Method for forming a tubular element - Google Patents

Method for forming a tubular element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2020267A1
EP2020267A1 EP07015302A EP07015302A EP2020267A1 EP 2020267 A1 EP2020267 A1 EP 2020267A1 EP 07015302 A EP07015302 A EP 07015302A EP 07015302 A EP07015302 A EP 07015302A EP 2020267 A1 EP2020267 A1 EP 2020267A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
die
stop
rod element
reshaped
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07015302A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2020267B1 (en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Knieper Ursula
Original Assignee
Knieper Ursula
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Knieper Ursula filed Critical Knieper Ursula
Priority to DE502007006195T priority Critical patent/DE502007006195D1/en
Priority to EP07015302A priority patent/EP2020267B1/en
Priority to AT07015302T priority patent/ATE494087T1/en
Publication of EP2020267A1 publication Critical patent/EP2020267A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2020267B1 publication Critical patent/EP2020267B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D19/00—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
    • B21D19/08—Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/025—Stamping using rigid devices or tools for tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D41/00—Application of procedures in order to alter the diameter of tube ends
    • B21D41/02—Enlarging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K21/00—Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group
    • B21K21/12—Shaping end portions of hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K23/00—Making other articles
    • B21K23/04—Making other articles flanged articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for forming a tube and / or rod element, in which a forming tool has a first die and a second die.
  • a forming tool has a first die and a second die.
  • the tube and / or the rod element between the first die and the second die is plastically deformed by means of a Axialpressvorgangs.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned, in which in a particularly simple and reliable way wrinkle-free thickening on a pipe / rod element can be produced without cutting.
  • almost any beads and flanges can be produced on the tube / rod element by means of the method.
  • It is intended to provide a variety of different geometries for forming a pipe end, such as thick end flanges or thin-walled large diameter flanges, thickening for the application of face or radial gears, knurling and the like or reinforcements for welding Levers and the like.
  • a free end of the tube and / or rod element between the first die and the second die plastically deformed by means of a Axialpressvorgangs, in particular widened funnel-shaped, wherein during the Axialpressvorgangs from a outside of a reshaped portion of the pipe and / or rod member material of the pipe and / or rod element is nachgeschoben to the reshaped area or to the expansion zone and / or shortens the area to be reshaped in the axial direction under wall thickening becomes.
  • a targeted Nachschieben material from the non-deformed region of the pipe and / or rod element or from outside the expansion zone can compensate for a shrinkage of the wall thickness;
  • a shrinkage of the wall thickness can be compensated by simultaneously shortening or compressing the expansion zone, wherein both effects are also used in combination. It is advantageous that the material is evenly distributed over the circumference, so that a constant wall thickness can be achieved despite expanded shape with increased diameter. This allows in a subsequent second process step, a further deformation of the expansion zone in an almost arbitrarily configurable final shape, such. B. in a stepped end flange, because in such a second method step thus comparatively low degrees of deformation can be achieved.
  • the feeding of the material to the area to be reshaped is accomplished by means of a tube and / or rod member receiving inside the mandrel, which moves during the expansion process in the direction of the second die, and has a corresponding surface structure, by means of which Material of the pipe and / or rod element is nachgeschoben to the reshaped area or the current expansion zone.
  • a mandrel is usually present to center the tube and / or rod element in the die or to support it on the inside. It is very easy, therefore, the surface of the spine with a appropriate structure so as to accomplish the Nachschieben the material in the expansion zone.
  • the mandrel has a rough surface structure. It is also possible, in addition to or instead of the rough surface structure of the mandrel, to provide one or more grooves and / or grooves and / or beads and / or grooves, knurls or the like on the mandrel.
  • the Nachschieben accomplished via a movable first stop, the end of a recorded in the first die end of the pipe and / or rod element during the expansion process moved towards the second die.
  • a second stop is provided on the second die, on which the area of the tube and / or rod element to be reshaped can be supported on the face side.
  • the second stop is preferably designed such that it includes an angle with an axis of symmetry of the pipe and / or rod member which is smaller than 90 °.
  • the stop has an approximately funnel-shaped stop surface.
  • a stop comprises at least one pressure element which is mounted so as to be movable relative to the second die and which supports the region of the tube and / or rod element to be reshaped at least in sections on the face side.
  • the pressure element is preferably designed to be interchangeable and can be brought into different positions relative to the second die. It is particularly advantageous to provide a plurality of pressure elements, preferably arranged in an annular configuration, whose positions are individually and independently adjustable from the second die.
  • the pressure element is designed to be adjustable by means of a spring and / or a externally actuated drive.
  • Particularly suitable drives are hydraulically and / or electrically operated machines which, if appropriate, can also be controlled via a processor unit in such a way that their position and / or the applied force and / or the displacement speed can be set in a predetermined manner.
  • a sensor element is provided, which at least indirectly detects the degree of deformation in the region to be formed, transmits information to the processor unit, so that a control of position and / or applied force and / or displacement speed of the pressure element can be made via the processor unit.
  • a third stop is provided on the second die on which the reshaped Area of the pipe and / or rod element is frontally supported, wherein the third stop at least partially engages in the pipe and / or rod member and occupies an angle of approximately 90 ° with the second stop.
  • the third stop has a tapered stop surface, which slides along an inner surface of the pipe and / or rod element during the axial pressing process.
  • the tube and / or rod element by means of a second Axialpressvorgangs provided for shaping third die, which engages the particular funnel-shaped flared or preformed end, this formed into its final shape.
  • the deformed region can assume a final shape, which comprises a flange of almost any design, which in turn has thickenings for applying frontal or radial toothings, knurls and the like or for applying reinforcements for welding levers and the like.
  • This can be in a simple manner, a versatile technology for producing radial thickening at a pipe and / or rod end provide that can open up a wide range of applications, such as in the automotive sector, for.
  • transmission shafts drive shafts, camshafts, chassis parts or in construction and pipeline technology.
  • the pipe and / or rod element (R) is heated at least locally before or during an axial pressing process.
  • Material-dependent temperatures in a range around the recrystallization temperature of the material come into consideration.
  • the present invention relates to a method for the plastic, non-cutting forming of a tubular element R or a rod element, to whose implementation a forming tool 1 is provided.
  • the design of the forming tool 1 according to the Fig. 1 to 4 is preferably approximately rotationally symmetrical with respect to an axis Z executed.
  • the tube element R which in the Fig. 1 to 4 is shown.
  • the invention is not limited to the use of a tubular element R, but it can also be transferred to a rod member with a particular hollow end portion.
  • the forming tool 1 comprises a first die 2 and a second die 4 and a mandrel 3.
  • the forming tool 1 is associated with at least one pressing tool and preferably a heating device in the form of an induction heater.
  • the first die 2 and the second die 4 are each preferably designed as a substantially annular, undivided component.
  • the first die 2 may optionally be divided into individual ring segments or the like.
  • the first die 2 is designed in such a way that a tubular element R inserted in the region of a section A1 is surrounded with a precise fit or with a small clearance.
  • the tubular element R is also guided on the mandrel 3.
  • the mandrel 3 is designed as a substantially circular cylindrical component and connected to a pressing tool, not shown.
  • the mandrel is designed as a hexagon with an approximately constant hexagonal cross-section in the axial direction.
  • the mandrel is provided with an arbitrary polygonal cross-section or the like, while the tubular element may have a corresponding one Internal cross section or have a circular inner cross section, the latter being adaptable to the contour of the mandrel in the course of the forming process.
  • the force applied by the pressing tool is in Fig. 1 indicated by an arrow P1.
  • the mandrel 3 is designed such that it is surrounded by the pipe element R used in the forming tool 1 accurately or with little play.
  • the tubular element R is received in about half of its axial extension in the first die 2 and abuts the front side at an end 6 shown on the left in the figures with a first end face 7 to a first stop 8 designed as a shoulder within the first die 2.
  • the pipe end 9, 9 ' is processed by forming both in a first and in a second process step; It therefore forms a region 10 to be reshaped, which starts from a part 11 of the tubular element R running parallel to the Z-axis and ends at an end section 21 (second end face) projecting from the end face.
  • the deformed state of the pipe end 9 after the first process step is in the Fig. 1 represented accordingly by solid lines.
  • the second die 4 is then moved in the direction of the first die 2 with the aid of a pressing tool (not shown).
  • This Axialpressvorgang with the help of the pressing tool is in Fig. 1 indicated by an arrow P2.
  • the first die 2 serves as a counter-holder to the second die 4, which thus has the function of a Stamp takes over.
  • the tubular element R between the first die 2 and mandrel 3 is immovably clamped. Such a fixation is favored by means of a significant surface roughness on the first die 2 and mandrel 3.
  • the movement of the second die 4 leads to a deformation or compression of the projecting from the first die 2 pipe end 9 by an approximately frusto-conical third stop 19 of the second die with a conical (or alternatively parabolic, spherical, elliptical, etc.) stop surface 20th pushes into the pipe end 9.
  • the pipe end 9 is funnel-shaped, spherical segment-shaped, elliptical, parabolic or similar geometry (not necessarily rotationally symmetric) expanded.
  • An included between the axis Z and the pipe end 9 and the tapered abutment surface 20 angle ⁇ is presently about 45 °.
  • the abutment surface is formed of at least two sections, wherein a first front section has a smaller angle ⁇ 1 and a second rear section has a larger angle ⁇ 2 to the axis Z.
  • the abutment surface is formed from at least two sections, wherein a first front section has a larger angle ⁇ 1 and a second rear section has a smaller angle ⁇ 2 to the axis Z.
  • the stop surface 20 has an increased surface roughness, which promotes compression of the region 10 to be reshaped.
  • transverse grooves, knurls, nubs, notches or other surface structures in the abutment surface 20 in order to likewise achieve adhesion of material with a simultaneous compression effect.
  • the second die 4 abuts in a manner not shown with a second stop 23 frontally against the end portion 21 of the tubular element, wherein a funnel-shaped stop surface 22 approximately at an angle ⁇ of 45 ° with the axis of symmetry Z of the tubular element has and is aligned approximately parallel to the narrow end face of the area to be reshaped 10.
  • the funnel-shaped abutment surface 22 is also also approximately at right angles to the conical abutment surface 20, so that the second stop 23 and third stop 19 cooperatively form an annular groove with preferably V-shaped cross section, in which the end portion 21 of the tubular member is received and supported.
  • the area 10 to be reshaped is compressed and shortened in the axial direction Z and / or parallel to the wall of the area to be reshaped 10 when the second die 4, together with the end portion 21, is moved in the direction of the first die 2.
  • the end-face shape of the tubular element R is defined in the region of its end portion 21 by the stops 19, 23 until the end of the first method step.
  • the mandrel 3 Before the second process step of the forming is to take place, is complementary during the expansion process of the pipe end 9 and preferably at the same time provided, nachzuschieben from an outside of the reshaped portion 10 of the tubular element R section, such as the parallel to the axis Z extending part 11 of the tubular element R, material to be reshaped in the second step 10 area. For this purpose, it is provided to move the mandrel 3 in the direction of the second die 4 during the expansion process. In order to obtain a transport of tube element material or material to the reshaping region 10 by means of the mandrel 3, the mandrel 3 has a special surface structure for this purpose, which leads to a "entrainment effect" of the tube element material or the material within the tube manure.
  • an outer surface 15 of the mandrel 3 which contacts the tubular element R is designed to be correspondingly rough.
  • a corresponding movement of the mandrel 3 then leads to material transport in the expansion phase in the direction of the pipe end 9.
  • the mandrel 3 can be formed completely and at least partially along its axial extent with a rough outer surface 15. Due to the transport of material, the shrinkage of the pipe wall 9 or the wall thickness shrinkage due to the expansion advantageously can be completely compensated. It is also possible to obtain a certain accumulation of material 12 at the pipe end 9, which is advantageous for the subsequent forming process of the area 10 to be formed.
  • the outer surface 15 of the mandrel 3 can be provided with a circumferential groove 14, with a plurality of grooves and / or notches, nubs, knurls or the like.
  • material can first fill out the groove 14 in order subsequently to entrain further material in the direction of the pipe end 9, as it were.
  • the groove 14 is, for example, axially out of the outer surface 15 approximately in the middle of the tubular element R on the mandrel 3, so that there is still enough room for a displacement of the mandrel 3 to the right to the second die 4 during the expansion phase.
  • the displacement speed of the mandrel must be selected accordingly.
  • the displacement of the mandrel 3 can be continuous or in several short intervals.
  • FIG. 2 Another possibility to effect a material transport in the direction of the pipe end 9 is in Fig. 2 shown.
  • the end face 7 at the left end 6 of the tubular element R is covered by a ring or sleeve 17 at the front.
  • An in Fig. 1 fixed stop 8 within the first die 2 is replaced by the sleeve 17.
  • a pressing tool not shown in more detail, in addition to the counter-force generation for the second die 4 applied punching force P2 for expanding the pipe end 9 also a P2 the axial force P1 exceeding the counter force P2 can be applied, so as to obtain a movable stop 8 '.
  • the movable stop 8 'or a brief or prolonged displacement of the sleeve 17 in the direction of the second die 4 during the expansion process then leads to a displacement of material in the direction of the tube end 9.
  • Such a material shift thus produced acts on the wall thickness shrinkage due to the expansion of the Pipe end 9 opposite and possibly leads to excess material 12 at the pipe end 9.
  • the formed by the sleeve 17 movable stop 8 'with the measures for material transport according to Fig. 1 in particular with the rough surface structure of the mandrel 3 and / or the groove 14, etc. to combine.
  • another pressing tool attacking the mandrel 3 would then be providable.
  • a third, modified embodiment of the invention according to Fig. 3 is in the area of the second stop 23 an arrangement of a plurality of separate printing elements 24 is provided.
  • the pressure elements 24 preferably surround the second die 4 in an annular manner and are preferably mounted on the second die 4 so as to be movable relative thereto.
  • a stop surface 22 ' is provided, which can be pressed against the pipe end 9 analogous to the above-described funnel-shaped stop surface 22.
  • the pressure elements 24 are arranged displaceably guided parallel to the conical abutment surface 20, wherein at least one pressure element 24 is assigned a spring 25 whose spring force can press the pressure element 24 against the (partially formed) tube end 9.
  • the spring 25 may be configured as a non-adjustable (mechanical) spring. More preferably, the spring is mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically and / or electrically adjustable.
  • the drive element 26 can be controlled via a separate control device (eg, NC computer unit), not shown, wherein, for example, a position profile, a force curve, and / or a speed profile of at least one pressure element 24 are stored in the control device for the time of execution of the method step.
  • a position profile, a force curve, and / or a speed profile of at least one pressure element 24 are stored in the control device for the time of execution of the method step.
  • are stored for several printing elements 24 a plurality of possibly different position, force and / or speed curves.
  • a time-varying spring characteristic can also be stored.
  • a common drive element 26 is associated with a plurality of printing elements.
  • the drive element 26 acts impulsively or intermittently on an associated pressure element 24, so that this presses several times briefly during the forming process with pulsating and decongesting force against the pipe end 9.
  • the forming process can be particularly well adapted to the effect that a maximum possible upset of the pipe end 9 can be achieved, which is achievable without wrinkling in the area to be formed 10. Finally, it is also to deviate from a rotationally symmetrical shape by different pressure elements are controlled differently. Even and especially with pulsed pressing operations (even on individual printing elements), high or locally high degrees of deformation can be achieved.
  • measured values can additionally be detected via a sensor unit in a manner not shown on the forming tool 1, which in particular make it possible to draw conclusions about the degree of deformation of the tubular element R.
  • the control device calculates a control variable of at least one pressure element 24 and / or at least one spring 25.
  • position, spring state and / or speed of the pressure elements 24 are dependent (via control device and drive element) adjustable or adjustable by the forming process.
  • Fig. 4 is the final shape of the indicated by dashed lines, flared pipe end 9 shown, which then has, for example, the form of a stepped flange, which is thickened wrinkle-free.
  • a second method step is provided, which consists in bringing the pipe end 9 expanded after the first method step into its final shape which bears against the first die 2.
  • a third die 5 is provided, which now imprints the bent pipe end 9 in any shape as a punch, possibly in the same clamping of the tubular element R. It is advantageous if the pipe end 9 has an accumulation of material 12 in order to produce certain end shapes with sufficient material at certain points.
  • Conceivable for the end piece 9 and the final shape are in addition to the illustrated stepped shape and thick end flanges or thin-walled flanges with a large diameter.
  • the tail can also have thickening for the application of frontal or radial gears, knurls, etc. and reinforcements for welding levers and so on.
  • corresponding profilings on the third die 5 can be provided.
  • the pipe element R To realize the expansion process of the pipe end 9 and to reshape into its final shape by means of the third die 5, it is provided to heat the pipe element R locally in its end region 9, 10 or in total by means of the heater to a temperature of for example about 700 ° C. and quickly insert into the forming tool 1.
  • the forming process can always be performed cold, warm or warm.
  • the tubular element R can be acted upon by a temperature profile that at different, axially and / or radially from each other spaced locations of the tubular element R provides different temperatures.
  • the inventive method can spanless and wrinkle-free particularly wide, d. H. create in the axial direction and possibly also in the radial direction extensive thickening of pipe and / or rod elements. Such thickenings are particularly stable under dynamic loads of a machine element produced in this way and can be produced with high accuracy.
  • the inventive method is particularly suitable for the production of hollow or partially hollow shafts or the like. Possible applications are in the automotive sector, eg. As in transmission shafts, drive shafts, camshafts, suspension parts, but also in construction and pipeline engineering in general.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)

Abstract

An improved method for cold drawing of rod and tube material has the workpiece pressed between two dies (2, 4) to the required flange shape. An inner drive shaft (3) with grip profiles (14) drives the workpiece axially to push additional material into the forming zone (10) to compensate for subsequent relaxing of the material and to achieve the required profile in one operation. The axial drive can be in either direction.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Umformen eines Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements, bei dem ein Umformwerkzeug eine erste Matrize und eine zweite Matrize aufweist. In einem ersten Verfahrensschritt wird das Rohr- und/oder das Stangenelement zwischen der ersten Matrize und der zweiten Matrize mittels eines Axialpressvorgangs plastisch umgeformt.The invention relates to a method for forming a tube and / or rod element, in which a forming tool has a first die and a second die. In a first method step, the tube and / or the rod element between the first die and the second die is plastically deformed by means of a Axialpressvorgangs.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, bei dem auf besonders einfache und zuverlässige Weise faltenfreie Verdickungen an einem Rohr-/Stangenelement spanlos herstellbar sind. Insbesondere sind mittels des Verfahrens nahezu beliebige Wülste und Flansche an dem Rohr-/Stangenelement herstellbar. Es soll dazu dienen, eine Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Geometrien für die Ausformung an einem Rohr- bzw. Stangenende bereitzustellen, wie dicke Endflansche oder dünnwandige Flansche mit großen Durchmessern, Verdickungen zum Aufbringen von stirnseitigen oder radialen Verzahnungen, Rändeln und dergleichen oder auch Verstärkungen zum Anschweißen von Hebeln und dergleichen.The object of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned, in which in a particularly simple and reliable way wrinkle-free thickening on a pipe / rod element can be produced without cutting. In particular, almost any beads and flanges can be produced on the tube / rod element by means of the method. It is intended to provide a variety of different geometries for forming a pipe end, such as thick end flanges or thin-walled large diameter flanges, thickening for the application of face or radial gears, knurling and the like or reinforcements for welding Levers and the like.

Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Dabei wird in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt ein freies Ende des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements zwischen der ersten Matrize und der zweiten Matrize mittels eines Axialpressvorgangs plastisch umgeformt, insbesondere trichterförmig aufgeweitet, wobei während des Axialpressvorgangs aus einem außerhalb eines umzuformenden Bereichs des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements Material des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements zu dem umzuformenden Bereich bzw. zur Aufweitungszone nachgeschoben wird und/oder der umzuformende Bereich unter Wandverdickung in axialer Richtung verkürzt wird. Durch ein gezieltes Nachschieben von Material aus dem nicht umgeformten Bereich des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements bzw. von außerhalb der Aufweitungszone lässt sich das ein Schrumpfen der Wandstärke ausgleichen; ebenso lässt sich ein Schrumpfen der Wandstärke durch gleichzeitiges Verkürzen bzw. Stauchen der Aufweitungszone kompensieren, wobei beide Effekte auch kombiniert anwendbar sind. Vorteilhaft ist es dabei, dass sich das Material gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilt, so dass eine gleich bleibende Wandstärke trotz aufgeweiteter Form mit vergrößertem Durchmesser erzielbar ist. Dies ermöglicht in einem sich anschließenden zweiten Verfahrensschritt eine weitere Umformung der Aufweitungszone in eine nahezu beliebig gestaltbare Endform, wie z. B. in einen abgestuften Endflansch, weil in einem solchen zweiten Verfahrensschritt somit vergleichsweise geringe Umformgrade erreicht werden.The object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1. In this case, in a first method step, a free end of the tube and / or rod element between the first die and the second die plastically deformed by means of a Axialpressvorgangs, in particular widened funnel-shaped, wherein during the Axialpressvorgangs from a outside of a reshaped portion of the pipe and / or rod member material of the pipe and / or rod element is nachgeschoben to the reshaped area or to the expansion zone and / or shortens the area to be reshaped in the axial direction under wall thickening becomes. By a targeted Nachschieben material from the non-deformed region of the pipe and / or rod element or from outside the expansion zone can compensate for a shrinkage of the wall thickness; Similarly, a shrinkage of the wall thickness can be compensated by simultaneously shortening or compressing the expansion zone, wherein both effects are also used in combination. It is advantageous that the material is evenly distributed over the circumference, so that a constant wall thickness can be achieved despite expanded shape with increased diameter. This allows in a subsequent second process step, a further deformation of the expansion zone in an almost arbitrarily configurable final shape, such. B. in a stepped end flange, because in such a second method step thus comparatively low degrees of deformation can be achieved.

In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird das Nachschieben des Materials zu dem umzuformenden Bereich mittels eines das Rohr- und/oder Stangenelement innen aufnehmenden Dorns bewerkstelligt, der sich während des Aufweitvorgangs in Richtung auf die zweite Matrize hin bewegt, und über eine entsprechende Oberflächenstruktur verfügt, mittels derer Material des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements zu dem umzuformenden Bereich bzw. zur aktuellen Aufweitungszone nachgeschoben wird. Ein Dorn ist üblicherweise vorhanden, um das Rohr- und/oder Stangenelement in der Matrize zu zentrieren bzw. innenseitig abzustützen. Sehr einfach ist es daher, die Oberfläche des Dorns mit einer entsprechenden Struktur zu versehen, um so das Nachschieben des Materials in der Aufweitungszone zu bewerkstelligen.In an embodiment of the invention, the feeding of the material to the area to be reshaped is accomplished by means of a tube and / or rod member receiving inside the mandrel, which moves during the expansion process in the direction of the second die, and has a corresponding surface structure, by means of which Material of the pipe and / or rod element is nachgeschoben to the reshaped area or the current expansion zone. A mandrel is usually present to center the tube and / or rod element in the die or to support it on the inside. It is very easy, therefore, the surface of the spine with a appropriate structure so as to accomplish the Nachschieben the material in the expansion zone.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist der Dorn eine rauhe Oberflächenstruktur auf. Es ist auch möglich, zusätzlich oder anstelle der rauhen Oberflächenstruktur des Dorns, eine oder mehrere Riefen und/oder Rillen und/oder Wülste und/oder Nuten, Rändel oder dergleichen am Dorn vorzusehen.In a further embodiment of the invention, the mandrel has a rough surface structure. It is also possible, in addition to or instead of the rough surface structure of the mandrel, to provide one or more grooves and / or grooves and / or beads and / or grooves, knurls or the like on the mandrel.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird, zusätzlich zu einer Konturierung der Oberflächenstruktur des Dorns oder anstelle einer solchen, das Nachschieben des Materials über einen beweglichen ersten Anschlag bewerkstelligt, der stirnseitig ein in der ersten Matrize aufgenommenes Ende des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements während des Aufweitvorgangs in Richtung der zweiten Matrize hin bewegt. Dadurch lassen sich hohe Umformgrade bzw. Materialbewegungen hin zur aktuellen Aufweitungszone erreichen, die in dem zweiten Verfahrensschritt dann zu vergleichsweise großen und stabilen Flanschen bzw. Bunden führt.In a further embodiment of the invention, in addition to a contouring of the surface structure of the mandrel or instead of such, the Nachschieben the material accomplished via a movable first stop, the end of a recorded in the first die end of the pipe and / or rod element during the expansion process moved towards the second die. As a result, high degrees of deformation or material movements towards the current expansion zone can be achieved, which then leads to comparatively large and stable flanges or collars in the second method step.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist an der zweiten Matrize ein zweiter Anschlag vorgesehen, an dem der umzuformende Bereich des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements stirnseitig abstützbar ist. Der zweite Anschlag ist dabei vorzugsweise derart gestaltet, dass er mit einer Symmetrieachse des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements einen Winkel einschließt, der kleiner ist als 90°. Insbesondere weist der Anschlag eine in etwa trichterförmige Anschlagfläche auf. Mit Hilfe der solchermaßen gestalteten zweiten Matrize lässt sich der umzuformende Bereich in axialer Richtung und/oder parallel zur Wandung des umzuformenden Bereichs stauchen und verkürzen. Dabei ergibt sich eine Vergrößerung der Wandstärke, wobei in bevorzugter Weise die Vergrößerung der Wandstärke zumindest so groß gewählt ist, dass die infolge von Querschnittsvergrößerungen (Aufweitung) erzeugte Reduzierung der Wandstärke kompensiert wird.In a further embodiment of the invention, a second stop is provided on the second die, on which the area of the tube and / or rod element to be reshaped can be supported on the face side. The second stop is preferably designed such that it includes an angle with an axis of symmetry of the pipe and / or rod member which is smaller than 90 °. In particular, the stop has an approximately funnel-shaped stop surface. With the aid of the second die designed in this way, the area to be reshaped can be compressed and shortened in the axial direction and / or parallel to the wall of the area to be reshaped. This results in an increase in the wall thickness, in Preferably, the enlargement of the wall thickness is at least chosen so large that the reduction of the wall thickness generated as a result of cross-sectional enlargements (expansion) is compensated.

Weiter vorzugsweise umfasst ein Anschlag wenigstens ein relativbeweglich an der zweiten Matritze gelagertes Druckelement, welches den umzuformenden Bereich des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements wenigstens abschnittsweise stirnseitig abstützt. Das Druckelement ist bevorzugt auswechselbar gestaltet und lässt sich gegenüber der zweiten Matritze in unterschiedliche Positionen bringen. Besonders vorteilhaft lassen sich mehrere, bevorzugt in einer ringförmigen Konfiguration angeordnete Druckelemente vorsehen, deren Positionen einzeln und unabhängig voneinander gegenüber der zweiten Matritze einstellbar sind.Further preferably, a stop comprises at least one pressure element which is mounted so as to be movable relative to the second die and which supports the region of the tube and / or rod element to be reshaped at least in sections on the face side. The pressure element is preferably designed to be interchangeable and can be brought into different positions relative to the second die. It is particularly advantageous to provide a plurality of pressure elements, preferably arranged in an annular configuration, whose positions are individually and independently adjustable from the second die.

Weiter vorzugsweise ist das Druckelement mittels einer Feder und/oder eines fremdbetätigbaren Antriebs verstellbar ausgeführt. Als Antriebe kommen insbesondere hydraulisch und/oder elektrisch arbeitende Maschinen in Betracht, die ggf auch über eine Prozessoreinheit derart ansteuerbar sind, dass ihre Position und/oder die ausgeübte Kraft und/oder die Verschiebegeschwindigkeit vorausbestimmt einstellbar ist. Ergänzend ist ein Sensorelement vorgesehen, das den Umformgrad im umzuformenden Bereich zumindest indirekt erfasst, Informationen an die Prozessoreinheit übermittelt, sodass über die Prozessoreinheit eine Regelung von Position und/oder ausgeübter Kraft und/oder Verschiebegeschwindigkeit des Druckelements vorgenommen werden kann.Further preferably, the pressure element is designed to be adjustable by means of a spring and / or a externally actuated drive. Particularly suitable drives are hydraulically and / or electrically operated machines which, if appropriate, can also be controlled via a processor unit in such a way that their position and / or the applied force and / or the displacement speed can be set in a predetermined manner. In addition, a sensor element is provided, which at least indirectly detects the degree of deformation in the region to be formed, transmits information to the processor unit, so that a control of position and / or applied force and / or displacement speed of the pressure element can be made via the processor unit.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist an der zweiten Matrize ein dritter Anschlag vorgesehen, an dem der umzuformende Bereich des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements stirnseitig abstützbar ist, wobei der dritte Anschlag wenigstens abschnittsweise in das Rohr- und/oder Stangenelement eingreift und mit dem zweiten Anschlag einen Winkel von näherungsweise 90° einnimmt. Insbesondere weist der dritte Anschlag eine kegelige Anschlagfläche auf, die während des Axialpressvorgangs an einer innenliegenden Oberfläche des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements entlanggleitet. Durch Zusammenwirken des zweiten Anschlags und des dritten Anschlags lässt sich das Rohr- und/oder Stangenelement besonders effektiv abstützen, wobei die Anschläge im Zuge der plastischen Umformung des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements wenigstens abschnittsweise dessen Geometrie festlegen.In a further embodiment of the invention, a third stop is provided on the second die on which the reshaped Area of the pipe and / or rod element is frontally supported, wherein the third stop at least partially engages in the pipe and / or rod member and occupies an angle of approximately 90 ° with the second stop. In particular, the third stop has a tapered stop surface, which slides along an inner surface of the pipe and / or rod element during the axial pressing process. Through cooperation of the second stop and the third stop, the pipe and / or rod element can be supported particularly effectively, wherein the stops at least partially define its geometry in the course of the plastic deformation of the pipe and / or rod element.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt das Rohr- und/oder Stangenelement mittels eines zweiten Axialpressvorgangs einer zur Ausformung bereitgestellten dritten Matrize, die an das insbesondere trichterförmig aufgeweitete bzw. vorgeformte Ende angreift, dieses in seine Endform umgeformt. Dabei kann der umgeformte Bereich eine Endform annehmen, die einen nahezu beliebig gestaltbaren Flansch umfasst, welcher wiederum Verdickungen zum Aufbringen von stirnseitigen oder radialen Verzahnungen, Rändeln und dergleichen oder zum Aufbringen von Verstärkungen zum Anschweißen von Hebeln und dergleichen aufweist. Damit lässt sich in einfacher Art und Weise eine vielseitige Technologie zum Herstellen von radialen Verdickungen an einem Rohr- und/oder Stangenende bereitstellen, die sich einen breiten Anwendungsbereich erschließen kann, wie im Automobilbereich, z. B. bei Getriebewellen, Antriebswellen, Nockenwellen, Fahrwerksteilen oder in der Bau- und Rohrleitungstechnik.In a further embodiment of the invention, in a second method step, the tube and / or rod element by means of a second Axialpressvorgangs provided for shaping third die, which engages the particular funnel-shaped flared or preformed end, this formed into its final shape. In this case, the deformed region can assume a final shape, which comprises a flange of almost any design, which in turn has thickenings for applying frontal or radial toothings, knurls and the like or for applying reinforcements for welding levers and the like. This can be in a simple manner, a versatile technology for producing radial thickening at a pipe and / or rod end provide that can open up a wide range of applications, such as in the automotive sector, for. As in transmission shafts, drive shafts, camshafts, chassis parts or in construction and pipeline technology.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird das Rohr- und/oder Stangenelement (R) vor einem Axialpressvorgang oder währenddessen wenigstens lokal erwärmt. Dabei kommen materialabhängige Temperaturen in einem Bereich um die Rekristallisationstemperatur des Werkstoffs in Betracht.In a further embodiment of the invention, the pipe and / or rod element (R) is heated at least locally before or during an axial pressing process. Material-dependent temperatures in a range around the recrystallization temperature of the material come into consideration.

Weitere Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, in der bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen dargestellt sind.Further features and combinations of features will become apparent from the following description, are shown in the preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings.

Hierzu zeigen

Fig. 1
in einer schematischen Darstellung einen Querschnitt durch ein Umformwerkzeug mit einem Rohrelement in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt gemäß einer ersten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung,
Fig. 2
in einer schematischen Darstellung einen Querschnitt durch ein Umformwerkzeug mit einem Rohrelement in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt gemäß einer zweiten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung,
Fig. 3
in einer schematischen Darstellung einen Querschnitt durch ein Umformwerkzeug mit einem Rohrelement in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt gemäß einer dritten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung und
Fig. 4
in einer schematischen Darstellung einen Querschnitt durch ein Umformwerkzeug mit einem umgeformten Rohrelement gemäß Fig. 1, Fig. 2 oder Fig. 3 in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt.
Show this
Fig. 1
1 is a schematic representation of a cross section through a forming tool with a tubular element in a first method step according to a first embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 2
1 is a schematic representation of a cross section through a forming tool with a tubular element in a first method step according to a second embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 3
in a schematic representation of a cross section through a forming tool with a tubular element in a first method step according to a third embodiment of the invention and
Fig. 4
in a schematic representation of a cross section through a forming tool with a formed tubular element according to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 or Fig. 3 in a second process step.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum plastischen, spanlosen Umformen eines Rohrelements R oder eines Stangenelements, zu dessen Durchführung ein Umformwerkzeug 1 vorgesehen ist. Die Gestaltung des Umformwerkzeugs 1 gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 4 ist bevorzugt näherungsweise rotationssymmetrisch bezüglich einer Achse Z ausgeführt. Im Folgenden wird auf das Rohrelement R Bezug genommen, das in den Fig. 1 bis 4 dargestellt ist. Die Erfindung ist aber nicht auf die Verwendung eines Rohrelements R beschränkt, sondern sie kann auch auf ein Stangenelement mit einem insbesondere hohlen Endabschnitt übertragen werden.The present invention relates to a method for the plastic, non-cutting forming of a tubular element R or a rod element, to whose implementation a forming tool 1 is provided. The design of the forming tool 1 according to the Fig. 1 to 4 is preferably approximately rotationally symmetrical with respect to an axis Z executed. In the following, reference is made to the tube element R, which in the Fig. 1 to 4 is shown. The invention is not limited to the use of a tubular element R, but it can also be transferred to a rod member with a particular hollow end portion.

Das Umformwerkzeug 1 umfasst eine erste Matrize 2 und eine zweite Matrize 4 sowie einen Dorn 3. In nicht dargestellter Weise sind dem Umformwerkzeug 1 zumindest ein Presswerkzeug sowie in bevorzugter Weise eine Heizeinrichtung in Form einer Induktionsheizung zugeordnet.The forming tool 1 comprises a first die 2 and a second die 4 and a mandrel 3. In a manner not shown, the forming tool 1 is associated with at least one pressing tool and preferably a heating device in the form of an induction heater.

Die erste Matrize 2 und die zweite Matrize 4 sind jeweils bevorzugt als im Wesentlichen kreisringförmiges, ungeteiltes Bauteil ausgeführt. Die erste Matrize 2 kann optional in einzelne Ringsegmente oder dergleichen unterteilt sein. Die erste Matrize 2 ist derart gestaltet, dass ein im Bereich eines Abschnitts A1 eingesetztes Rohrelement R passgenau bzw. mit geringem Spiel umgeben wird. Das Rohrelement R wird außerdem auf dem Dorn 3 geführt. Der Dorn 3 ist als im Wesentlichen kreiszylindrisches Bauteil gestaltet und mit einem nicht dargestellten Presswerkzeug verbunden. In einem modifizierten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Dorn als Sechskant mit einem in axialer Richtung in etwa konstanten Sechseckquerschnitt ausgeführt. In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Dorn mit einem beliebigen Polygonquerschnitt oder dergleichen versehen, dabei kann das Rohrelement einen korrespondierenden Innenquerschnitt oder einen kreisförmigen Innenquerschnitt aufweisen, wobei letzterer im Verlauf des Umformverfahrens an die Kontur des Dorns anpassbar ist.The first die 2 and the second die 4 are each preferably designed as a substantially annular, undivided component. The first die 2 may optionally be divided into individual ring segments or the like. The first die 2 is designed in such a way that a tubular element R inserted in the region of a section A1 is surrounded with a precise fit or with a small clearance. The tubular element R is also guided on the mandrel 3. The mandrel 3 is designed as a substantially circular cylindrical component and connected to a pressing tool, not shown. In a modified embodiment, the mandrel is designed as a hexagon with an approximately constant hexagonal cross-section in the axial direction. In a further embodiment, the mandrel is provided with an arbitrary polygonal cross-section or the like, while the tubular element may have a corresponding one Internal cross section or have a circular inner cross section, the latter being adaptable to the contour of the mandrel in the course of the forming process.

Die vom Presswerkzeug aufgebrachte Kraft ist in Fig. 1 durch einen Pfeil P1 gekennzeichnet. Der Dorn 3 ist derart gestaltet, dass er von dem in das Umformwerkzeug 1 eingesetzten Rohrelement R passgenau bzw. mit geringem Spiel umgeben wird. Das Rohrelement R ist etwa über die Hälfte seiner axialen Erstreckung in der ersten Matrize 2 aufgenommen und stößt stirnseitig an einem in den Figuren links dargestellten Ende 6 mit einer ersten Stirnfläche 7 an einen als Absatz ausgeführten ersten Anschlag 8 innerhalb der ersten Matrize 2 an.The force applied by the pressing tool is in Fig. 1 indicated by an arrow P1. The mandrel 3 is designed such that it is surrounded by the pipe element R used in the forming tool 1 accurately or with little play. The tubular element R is received in about half of its axial extension in the first die 2 and abuts the front side at an end 6 shown on the left in the figures with a first end face 7 to a first stop 8 designed as a shoulder within the first die 2.

Wie in Fig. 1 näher dargestellt, ist das der ersten Stirnfläche 7 gegenüberliegende, gestrichelt dargestellte Rohrende 9' unbearbeitet zunächst parallel verlaufend zur Achse Z ausgerichtet. Das Rohrende 9, 9' wird sowohl in einem ersten als auch in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt durch Umformen bearbeitet; es bildet daher einen umzuformenden Bereich 10, der von einem parallel zur Z-Achse verlaufenden Teil 11 des Rohrelements R beginnt und an einem stirnseitig abragenden Endabschnitt 21 (zweite Stirnfläche) endet. Der verformte Zustand des Rohrendes 9 nach erfolgtem erstem Verfahrensschritt ist in der Fig. 1 entsprechend mit durchgezogenen Linien dargestellt.As in Fig. 1 shown in detail, the first end face 7 opposite, shown in phantom pipe end 9 'unprocessed initially aligned parallel to the axis Z aligned. The pipe end 9, 9 'is processed by forming both in a first and in a second process step; It therefore forms a region 10 to be reshaped, which starts from a part 11 of the tubular element R running parallel to the Z-axis and ends at an end section 21 (second end face) projecting from the end face. The deformed state of the pipe end 9 after the first process step is in the Fig. 1 represented accordingly by solid lines.

In einem ersten Verfahrensschritt wird nun die zweite Matrize 4 mit Hilfe eines nicht näher dargestellten Presswerkzeugs in Richtung auf die erste Matrize 2 zu bewegt. Dieser Axialpressvorgang mit Hilfe des Presswerkzeugs ist in Fig. 1 durch einen Pfeil P2 gekennzeichnet. Die erste Matrize 2 dient als Gegenhalter zur zweiten Matrize 4, die somit die Funktion eines Stempels übernimmt. Insbesondere ist dabei das Rohrelement R zwischen erster Matrize 2 und Dorn 3 unbeweglich eingeklemmt. Eine derartige Fixierung wird mit Hilfe einer nennenswerten Oberflächenrauhigkeit an erster Matrize 2 und Dorn 3 begünstigt. Die Bewegung der zweiten Matrize 4 führt zu einer Verformung bzw. Stauchung des aus der ersten Matrize 2 herausstehenden Rohrendes 9, indem ein in etwa kegelstumpfförmiger dritter Anschlag 19 der zweiten Matrize mit einer kegeligen (oder alternativ parabolischen, kugeligen, elliptischen etc.) Anschlagfläche 20 in das Rohrende 9 hineindrückt. Entsprechend wird das Rohrende 9 trichterförmig, kugelabschnittsförmig, elliptisch, parabolisch oder in ähnlicher Geometrie (nicht notwendigerweise rotationssymmetrisch) aufgeweitet. Ein zwischen der Achse Z und dem Rohrende 9 bzw. der kegeligen Anschlagfläche 20 eingeschlossener Winkel α beträgt vorliegend etwa 45°. In einem modifizierten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Anschlagfläche aus wenigstens zwei Abschnitten gebildet, wobei ein erster vorderer Abschnitt einen kleineren Winkel α1 und ein zweiter hinterer Abschnitt einen größeren Winkel α2 zur Achse Z aufweist. In einem weiteren modifizierten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Anschlagfläche aus wenigstens zwei Abschnitten gebildet, wobei ein erster vorderer Abschnitt einen größeren Winkel α1 und ein zweiter hinterer Abschnitt einen kleineren Winkel α2 zur Achse Z aufweist.In a first method step, the second die 4 is then moved in the direction of the first die 2 with the aid of a pressing tool (not shown). This Axialpressvorgang with the help of the pressing tool is in Fig. 1 indicated by an arrow P2. The first die 2 serves as a counter-holder to the second die 4, which thus has the function of a Stamp takes over. In particular, the tubular element R between the first die 2 and mandrel 3 is immovably clamped. Such a fixation is favored by means of a significant surface roughness on the first die 2 and mandrel 3. The movement of the second die 4 leads to a deformation or compression of the projecting from the first die 2 pipe end 9 by an approximately frusto-conical third stop 19 of the second die with a conical (or alternatively parabolic, spherical, elliptical, etc.) stop surface 20th pushes into the pipe end 9. Accordingly, the pipe end 9 is funnel-shaped, spherical segment-shaped, elliptical, parabolic or similar geometry (not necessarily rotationally symmetric) expanded. An included between the axis Z and the pipe end 9 and the tapered abutment surface 20 angle α is presently about 45 °. In a modified embodiment, the abutment surface is formed of at least two sections, wherein a first front section has a smaller angle α1 and a second rear section has a larger angle α2 to the axis Z. In a further modified embodiment, the abutment surface is formed from at least two sections, wherein a first front section has a larger angle α1 and a second rear section has a smaller angle α2 to the axis Z.

In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel weist die Anschlagfläche 20 eine erhöhte Oberflächenrauhigkeit auf, die eine Stauchung des umzuformenden Bereichs 10 begünstigt. Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist ferner vorsehbar, Querrillen, Rändel, Noppen., Kerben oder sonstige Oberflächenstrukturen in der Anschlagfläche 20 anzuordnen, um ebenfalls ein Anhaften von Material mit gleichzeitigem Stauch-Effekt zu erreichen.In a preferred embodiment, the stop surface 20 has an increased surface roughness, which promotes compression of the region 10 to be reshaped. Alternatively or additionally, it is also conceivable to arrange transverse grooves, knurls, nubs, notches or other surface structures in the abutment surface 20 in order to likewise achieve adhesion of material with a simultaneous compression effect.

Im Zuge des ersten Verfahrensschritts und des enthaltenen Axialpressvorgangs stößt die zweite Matrize 4 in nicht dargestellter Weise mit einem zweiten Anschlag 23 stirnseitig gegen den Endabschnitt 21 des Rohrelements, wobei eine trichterförmige Anschlagfläche 22 in etwa einen Winkel β von 45° mit der Symmetrieachse Z des Rohrelements aufweist und näherungsweise parallel zur schmalen Stirnseite des umzuformenden Bereichs 10 ausgerichtet ist. Die trichterförmige Anschlagfläche 22 ist ferner auch näherungsweise rechtwinklig angeordnet zur kegeligen Anschlagfläche 20, so dass zweiter Anschlag 23 und dritter Anschlag 19 zusammenwirkend eine ringförmige Rinne mit bevorzugt V-förmigem Querschnitt bilden, in der der Endabschnitt 21 des Rohrelements aufgenommen und abgestützt wird.In the course of the first process step and the contained Axialpressvorgangs the second die 4 abuts in a manner not shown with a second stop 23 frontally against the end portion 21 of the tubular element, wherein a funnel-shaped stop surface 22 approximately at an angle β of 45 ° with the axis of symmetry Z of the tubular element has and is aligned approximately parallel to the narrow end face of the area to be reshaped 10. The funnel-shaped abutment surface 22 is also also approximately at right angles to the conical abutment surface 20, so that the second stop 23 and third stop 19 cooperatively form an annular groove with preferably V-shaped cross section, in which the end portion 21 of the tubular member is received and supported.

Mit Hilfe der solchermaßen gestalteten zweiten Matrize 4 wird der umzuformende Bereich 10 in axialer Richtung Z und/oder parallel zur Wandung des umzuformenden Bereichs 10 gestaucht und verkürzt, wenn die zweite Matrize 4 mitsamt dem Endabschnitt 21 in Richtung der ersten Matrize 2 bewegt wird. Dabei ergibt sich eine Vergrößerung der Wandstärke seitens des umzuformenden Bereichs 10, was insbesondere durch ein "Aufstauen" von Material am zweiten Anschlag 23 erreicht wird, wobei in bevorzugter Weise die Vergrößerung der Wandstärke zumindest so groß gewählt ist, dass die im Rahmen der Aufweitung erzeugte Reduzierung der Wandstärke kompensiert oder überkompensiert wird. Schließlich wird die stirnseitige Form des Rohrelements R im Bereich seines Endabschnitts 21 durch die Anschläge 19, 23 bis zum Ende des ersten Verfahrensschritts definiert.With the aid of the second die 4 designed in this way, the area 10 to be reshaped is compressed and shortened in the axial direction Z and / or parallel to the wall of the area to be reshaped 10 when the second die 4, together with the end portion 21, is moved in the direction of the first die 2. This results in an increase in the wall thickness of the area to be reshaped 10, which is achieved in particular by a "damming" of material on the second stop 23, wherein preferably the enlargement of the wall thickness is at least chosen so large that generated in the expansion Reducing wall thickness is compensated or overcompensated. Finally, the end-face shape of the tubular element R is defined in the region of its end portion 21 by the stops 19, 23 until the end of the first method step.

Bevor der zweite Verfahrensschritt des Umformens erfolgen soll, ist während des Aufweitvorgangs des Rohrendes 9 ergänzend und bevorzugt zeitgleich vorgesehen, aus einem außerhalb des umzuformenden Bereichs 10 des Rohrelements R liegenden Abschnitt, wie beispielsweise dem parallel zur Achse Z verlaufenden Teil 11 des Rohrelements R, Material zu dem im zweiten Verfahrensschritt umzuformenden Bereich 10 nachzuschieben. Hierzu ist es vorgesehen, während des Aufweitvorgangs den Dorn 3 in Richtung zu der zweiten Matrize 4 hin zu bewegen. Um einen Transport von Rohrelementwerkstoff bzw. Material zu dem umzuformenden Bereich 10 mittels des Dorns 3 zu erhalten, hat der Dorn 3 hierzu eine besondere Oberflächenstruktur, die zu einem "Mitnahmeeffekt" des Rohrelementwerkstoff bzw. des Materials innerhalb der Rohrwahndung führt. Hierzu ist vorgesehen, eine das Rohrelement R berührende Außenfläche 15 des Dorns 3 entsprechend rauh auszubilden. Eine entsprechende Bewegung des Dorns 3 führt dann in der Aufweitphase zu einem Materialtransport in Richtung Rohrende 9. Es kann der Dorn 3 entlang seiner axialen Erstreckung komplett und zumindest teilweise mit einer rauhen Außenfläche 15 ausgebildet sein. Durch den Materialtransport lässt sich das Schrumpfen der Rohrwandung 9 bzw. der Wandstärkenschwund infolge des Aufweitens vorteilhafterweise vollständig ausgleichen. Es ist ferner möglich, eine gewisse Materialanhäufung 12 am Rohrende 9 zu erhalten, die vorteilhaft für den anschließenden Umformvorgang des umzuformenden Bereichs 10 ist.Before the second process step of the forming is to take place, is complementary during the expansion process of the pipe end 9 and preferably at the same time provided, nachzuschieben from an outside of the reshaped portion 10 of the tubular element R section, such as the parallel to the axis Z extending part 11 of the tubular element R, material to be reshaped in the second step 10 area. For this purpose, it is provided to move the mandrel 3 in the direction of the second die 4 during the expansion process. In order to obtain a transport of tube element material or material to the reshaping region 10 by means of the mandrel 3, the mandrel 3 has a special surface structure for this purpose, which leads to a "entrainment effect" of the tube element material or the material within the tube manure. For this purpose, an outer surface 15 of the mandrel 3 which contacts the tubular element R is designed to be correspondingly rough. A corresponding movement of the mandrel 3 then leads to material transport in the expansion phase in the direction of the pipe end 9. The mandrel 3 can be formed completely and at least partially along its axial extent with a rough outer surface 15. Due to the transport of material, the shrinkage of the pipe wall 9 or the wall thickness shrinkage due to the expansion advantageously can be completely compensated. It is also possible to obtain a certain accumulation of material 12 at the pipe end 9, which is advantageous for the subsequent forming process of the area 10 to be formed.

Anstelle oder zusätzlich zu einer Aufrauhung der Außenfläche 15 des Dorns 3 ist es möglich, diesen mit einer umlaufenden Nut 14, mit mehreren Nuten und/oder Kerben, Noppen, Rändeln oder dergleichen zu versehen. So kann während der Bewegung des Dorns 3 in der Aufweitphase Material zunächst die Nut 14 ausfüllen, um anschließend weiteres Material in Richtung Rohrende 9 quasi mitzureißen. Die Nut 14 ist z.B. axial etwa in der Mitte des Rohrelements R am Dorn 3 aus der Außenfläche 15 ausgenommen, so dass noch genügend Raum für eine Verschiebung des Dorns 3 nach rechts zur zweiten Matrize 4 hin während der Aufweitphase vorliegt. Die Verschiebegeschwindigkeit des Dorns ist entsprechend zu wählen. Die Verschiebung des Dorns 3 kann kontinuierlich oder auch in mehreren kurzen Intervallen erfolgen.Instead of or in addition to a roughening of the outer surface 15 of the mandrel 3, it is possible to provide it with a circumferential groove 14, with a plurality of grooves and / or notches, nubs, knurls or the like. Thus, during the movement of the mandrel 3 in the expansion phase, material can first fill out the groove 14 in order subsequently to entrain further material in the direction of the pipe end 9, as it were. The groove 14 is, for example, axially out of the outer surface 15 approximately in the middle of the tubular element R on the mandrel 3, so that there is still enough room for a displacement of the mandrel 3 to the right to the second die 4 during the expansion phase. The displacement speed of the mandrel must be selected accordingly. The displacement of the mandrel 3 can be continuous or in several short intervals.

Eine andere Möglichkeit einen Materialtransport in Richtung Rohrende 9 zu bewirken, ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Die Stirnfläche 7 am linken Ende 6 des Rohrelements R wird von einem Ring oder einer Hülse 17 stirnseitig bedeckt. Ein in Fig. 1 fester Anschlag 8 innerhalb der ersten Matrize 2 ist durch die Hülse 17 ersetzt. Über ein nicht näher dargestelltes Presswerkzeug kann ein neben der Gegenkrafterzeugung zur von der zweiten Matrize 4 aufgebrachten Stempelkraft P2 zum Aufweiten des Rohrendes 9 auch noch eine die Gegenkraft P2 übersteigende Axialpresskraft P1 aufgebracht werden, um so einen beweglichen Anschlag 8' zu erhalten. Der bewegliche Anschlag 8' bzw. ein kurzzeitiges oder länger andauerndes Verschieben der Hülse 17 in Richtung der zweiten Matrize 4 während des Aufweitvorgangs führt dann zu einer Verschiebung von Material in Richtung des Rohrendes 9. Eine solchermaßen erzeugte Materialverlagerung wirkt dann dem Wandstärkenschwund aufgrund der Aufweitung des Rohrendes 9 entgegen und führt ggf. zu einem Materialüberschuss 12 am Rohrende 9. Denkbar ist auch, den durch die Hülse 17 gebildeten beweglichen Anschlag 8' mit den Maßnahmen zum Materialtransport gemäß Fig. 1, insbesondere mit der rauhen Oberflächenstruktur des Dorns 3 und/oder der Nut 14 usw. zu kombinieren. Hierzu wäre dann noch ein weiteres Presswerkzeug angreifend am Dorn 3 vorsehbar.Another possibility to effect a material transport in the direction of the pipe end 9 is in Fig. 2 shown. The end face 7 at the left end 6 of the tubular element R is covered by a ring or sleeve 17 at the front. An in Fig. 1 fixed stop 8 within the first die 2 is replaced by the sleeve 17. By means of a pressing tool not shown in more detail, in addition to the counter-force generation for the second die 4 applied punching force P2 for expanding the pipe end 9 also a P2 the axial force P1 exceeding the counter force P2 can be applied, so as to obtain a movable stop 8 '. The movable stop 8 'or a brief or prolonged displacement of the sleeve 17 in the direction of the second die 4 during the expansion process then leads to a displacement of material in the direction of the tube end 9. Such a material shift thus produced acts on the wall thickness shrinkage due to the expansion of the Pipe end 9 opposite and possibly leads to excess material 12 at the pipe end 9. It is also conceivable, the formed by the sleeve 17 movable stop 8 'with the measures for material transport according to Fig. 1 , in particular with the rough surface structure of the mandrel 3 and / or the groove 14, etc. to combine. For this purpose, another pressing tool attacking the mandrel 3 would then be providable.

In einem dritten, modifizierten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung gemäß Fig. 3 ist im Bereich des zweiten Anschlags 23 eine Anordnung mehrerer separater Druckelemente 24 vorgesehen. Die Druckelemente 24 umgeben die zweite Matrize 4 bevorzugt ringförmig und sind bevorzugt relativbeweglich zu dieser an der zweiten Matrize 4 gelagert. An den Druckelementen 24 ist jeweils eine Anschlagfläche 22' vorgesehen, die analog zur oben beschriebenen trichterförmigen Anschlagfläche 22 gegen das Rohrende 9 gedrückt werden kann. Bevorzugt bilden mehrere Anschlagflächen 22' zusammengenommen eine trichterförmige Anschlagfläche. Weiter bevorzugt ist zwischen den Anschlagflächen 22' und der kegeligen Anschlagfläche 20 ein Winkel zwischen 60° und 100° gebildet, wobei unterschiedliche Druckelemente 24 unterschiedliche Ausrichtung relativ zur kegeligen Anschlagfläche 20 aufweisen können.In a third, modified embodiment of the invention according to Fig. 3 is in the area of the second stop 23 an arrangement of a plurality of separate printing elements 24 is provided. The pressure elements 24 preferably surround the second die 4 in an annular manner and are preferably mounted on the second die 4 so as to be movable relative thereto. At the pressure elements 24 in each case a stop surface 22 'is provided, which can be pressed against the pipe end 9 analogous to the above-described funnel-shaped stop surface 22. Preferably, a plurality of stop surfaces 22 'taken together form a funnel-shaped stop surface. More preferably, an angle between 60 ° and 100 ° is formed between the stop surfaces 22 'and the conical stop surface 20, wherein different pressure elements 24 may have different orientation relative to the conical stop surface 20.

Vorliegend sind die Druckelemente 24 parallel zur kegeligen Anschlagfläche 20 verschieblich geführt angeordnet, wobei mindestens einem Druckelement 24 eine Feder 25 zugeordnet ist, deren Federkraft das Druckelement 24 gegen das (teilumgeformte) Rohrende 9 drücken kann. Die Feder 25 kann als nichtverstellbare (mechanische) Feder ausgestaltet sein. Weiter bevorzugt ist die Feder mechanisch, hydraulisch, pneumatisch und/oder elektrisch verstellbar ausgeführt.In the present case, the pressure elements 24 are arranged displaceably guided parallel to the conical abutment surface 20, wherein at least one pressure element 24 is assigned a spring 25 whose spring force can press the pressure element 24 against the (partially formed) tube end 9. The spring 25 may be configured as a non-adjustable (mechanical) spring. More preferably, the spring is mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically and / or electrically adjustable.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich zu einer Feder 25 ist wenigstens einem Druckelement 24 insbesondere ein Antriebselement 26 zugeordnet, welches direkt oder indirekt Drehmoment oder Kraft auf ein Druckelement 24 ausübt. Das Antriebselement 26 ist über eine separate, nicht dargestellte Steuerungseinrichtung (z.B. NC-Rechnereinheit) ansteuerbar, wobei in der Steuerungseinrichtung beispielsweise ein Positionsverlauf, ein Kraftverlauf und/oder ein Geschwindigkeitsverlauf wenigstens eines Druckelements 24 für die Zeit der Durchführung des Verfahrensschritts hinterlegt ist. In einem modifizierten Ausführungsbeispiel sind für mehrere Druckelemente 24 mehrere ggf. unterschiedliche Positions-, Kraft- und/oder Geschwindigkeitsverläufe abgespeichert. Ferner kann auch eine zeitlich variierende Federkennlinie hinterlegt sein. In einem weiteren modifizierten Ausführungsbeispiel ist mehreren Druckelementen ein gemeinsames Antriebselement 26 zugeordnet. In einem weiteren modifizierten Ausführungsbeispiel wirkt das Antriebselement 26 impulsartig bzw. stoßweise auf ein zugeordnetes Druckelement 24 ein, so dass dieses während des Umformverfahrens mehrmals kurzzeitig mit impulsartig an- und abschwellender Kraft gegen das Rohrende 9 drückt.Alternatively or in addition to a spring 25, at least one pressure element 24, in particular a drive element 26, which directly or indirectly exerts torque or force on a pressure element 24, is assigned. The drive element 26 can be controlled via a separate control device (eg, NC computer unit), not shown, wherein, for example, a position profile, a force curve, and / or a speed profile of at least one pressure element 24 are stored in the control device for the time of execution of the method step. In a modified embodiment are stored for several printing elements 24 a plurality of possibly different position, force and / or speed curves. Furthermore, a time-varying spring characteristic can also be stored. In a further modified exemplary embodiment, a common drive element 26 is associated with a plurality of printing elements. In a further modified embodiment, the drive element 26 acts impulsively or intermittently on an associated pressure element 24, so that this presses several times briefly during the forming process with pulsating and decongesting force against the pipe end 9.

Mittels verstellbarer Druckelemente 24 lässt sich der Umformvorgang besonders gut dahingehend anpassen, dass eine maximal mögliche Anstauchung des Rohrendes 9 erreicht werden kann, die ohne Faltenbildung im umzuformenden Bereich 10 erreichbar ist. Schließlich ist auch von einer rotationssymmetrischen Form abzuweichen, indem unterschiedliche Druckelemente unterschiedlich angesteuert werden. Auch und gerade mit gepulsten Pressvorgängen (auch an einzelnen Druckelementen) lassen sich hohe oder lokal hohe Umformgrade erreichen.By means of adjustable pressure elements 24, the forming process can be particularly well adapted to the effect that a maximum possible upset of the pipe end 9 can be achieved, which is achievable without wrinkling in the area to be formed 10. Finally, it is also to deviate from a rotationally symmetrical shape by different pressure elements are controlled differently. Even and especially with pulsed pressing operations (even on individual printing elements), high or locally high degrees of deformation can be achieved.

Bei den beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen können ergänzend über eine Sensoreinheit in nicht dargestellter Weise an dem Umformwerkzeug 1 Messwerte erfasst werden, die insbesondere Rückschlüsse auf den Umformgrad des Rohrelements R ermöglichen. Anhand der erfassten Messwerte, die an die Steuerungseinrichtung übermittelt werden, errechnet die Steuerungseinrichtung eine Steuergröße wenigstens eines Druckelements 24 und/oder wenigstens einer Feder 25. Schließlich sind somit (via Steuerungseinrichtung sowie Antriebselement) Position, Federzustand und/oder Geschwindigkeit der Druckelemente 24 in Abhängigkeit vom Umformprozess einstellbar bzw. regelbar.In the exemplary embodiments described above, measured values can additionally be detected via a sensor unit in a manner not shown on the forming tool 1, which in particular make it possible to draw conclusions about the degree of deformation of the tubular element R. On the basis of the measured values which are transmitted to the control device, the control device calculates a control variable of at least one pressure element 24 and / or at least one spring 25. Finally, position, spring state and / or speed of the pressure elements 24 are dependent (via control device and drive element) adjustable or adjustable by the forming process.

In Fig. 4 ist die endgültige Formgebung des gestrichelt angedeuteten, aufgeweiteten Rohrendes 9 gezeigt, das dann beispielsweise die Form eines abgestuften Flansches aufweist, der faltenfrei verdickt ist. Um dies zu erreichen, ist ein zweiter Verfahrensschritt vorgesehen, der darin besteht, das nach dem ersten Verfahrensschritt aufgeweitete Rohrende 9 in seine endgültige, an der ersten Matrize 2 anliegende Form zu bringen. Hierzu ist eine dritte Matrize 5 vorgesehen, welche nun als Stempel, ggf. in derselben Einspannung des Rohrelements R, das abgebogene Rohrende 9 in eine beliebige Form nachprägt. Vorteilhaft ist es dabei, wenn das Rohrende 9 über eine Materialanhäufung 12 verfügt, um bestimmte Endformen mit ausreichendem Material an bestimmten Stellen herstellen zu können.In Fig. 4 is the final shape of the indicated by dashed lines, flared pipe end 9 shown, which then has, for example, the form of a stepped flange, which is thickened wrinkle-free. In order to achieve this, a second method step is provided, which consists in bringing the pipe end 9 expanded after the first method step into its final shape which bears against the first die 2. For this purpose, a third die 5 is provided, which now imprints the bent pipe end 9 in any shape as a punch, possibly in the same clamping of the tubular element R. It is advantageous if the pipe end 9 has an accumulation of material 12 in order to produce certain end shapes with sufficient material at certain points.

Denkbar für das Endstück 9 bzw. die Endform sind neben der dargestellten abgestuften Form auch dicke Endflansche oder dünnwandige Flansche mit großem Durchmesser. Das Endstück kann aber auch Verdickungen zum Aufbringen von stirnseitigen oder radialen Verzahnungen, Rändeln usw. und Verstärkungen zum Anschweißen von Hebeln usw. aufweisen. Hierzu sind entsprechende Profilierungen an der dritten Matrize 5 vorsehbar.Conceivable for the end piece 9 and the final shape are in addition to the illustrated stepped shape and thick end flanges or thin-walled flanges with a large diameter. The tail can also have thickening for the application of frontal or radial gears, knurls, etc. and reinforcements for welding levers and so on. For this purpose, corresponding profilings on the third die 5 can be provided.

Zur Realisierung des Aufweitvorgangs des Rohrendes 9 sowie zum Umformen in seine Endform mittels der dritten Matrize 5 ist es vorgesehen, das Rohrelement R lokal in seinem endseitigen Bereich 9, 10 oder insgesamt mittels der Heizeinrichtung auf eine Temperatur von beispielsweise ca. 700°C zu erwärmen und rasch in das Umformwerkzeug 1 einzusetzen. Das Umformverfahren kann jedoch grundsätzlich kalt, halbwarm oder warm durchgeführt werden. In einem modifizierten Ausführungsbeispiel kann das Rohrelement R mit einem Temperaturprofil beaufschlagt werden, das an unterschiedlichen, axial und/oder radial voneinander beabstandeten Stellen des Rohrelements R unterschiedliche Temperaturen vorsieht.To realize the expansion process of the pipe end 9 and to reshape into its final shape by means of the third die 5, it is provided to heat the pipe element R locally in its end region 9, 10 or in total by means of the heater to a temperature of for example about 700 ° C. and quickly insert into the forming tool 1. However, the forming process can always be performed cold, warm or warm. In a modified embodiment, the tubular element R can be acted upon by a temperature profile that at different, axially and / or radially from each other spaced locations of the tubular element R provides different temperatures.

Es versteht sich im übrigen, dass die Merkmale der verschiedenen Ausführungsbeispiele sich nahezu beliebig kombinieren lassen.It goes without saying that the features of the various embodiments can be combined almost arbitrarily.

Mit dem dargestellten Verfahren lassen sich spanlos und faltenfrei besonders breite, d. h. in axialer Richtung und gegebenenfalls auch in radialer Richtung ausgedehnte Verdickungen an Rohr- und/oder Stangenelementen schaffen. Derartige Verdickungen sind besonders stabil bei dynamischen Belastungen eines solchermaßen gefertigten Maschinenelements und lassen sich mit hoher Genauigkeit herstellen. Somit eignet sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren insbesondere zur Herstellung von hohlen oder teilweise hohlen Wellen oder dergleichen. Mögliche Anwendungen bieten sich im Automobilbereich, z. B. bei Getriebewellen, Antriebswellen, Nockenwellen, Fahrwerksteilen, aber auch in der Bau- und Rohrleitungstechnik allgemein.With the illustrated method can spanless and wrinkle-free particularly wide, d. H. create in the axial direction and possibly also in the radial direction extensive thickening of pipe and / or rod elements. Such thickenings are particularly stable under dynamic loads of a machine element produced in this way and can be produced with high accuracy. Thus, the inventive method is particularly suitable for the production of hollow or partially hollow shafts or the like. Possible applications are in the automotive sector, eg. As in transmission shafts, drive shafts, camshafts, suspension parts, but also in construction and pipeline engineering in general.

Claims (13)

Verfahren zum Umformen eines Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements, bei dem - ein Umformwerkzeug (1) eine erste Matrize (2) und eine zweite Matrize (4) aufweist, - in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt ein freies Ende (9) des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements (R) zwischen der ersten Matrize (2) und der zweiten Matrize (4) mittels eines Axialpressvorgangs plastisch umgeformt, insbesondere trichterförmig aufgeweitet, wobei - während des Axialpressvorgangs aus einem außerhalb eines umzuformenden Bereichs (10) des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements (R) Material des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements zu dem umzuformenden Bereich (10) bzw. zur Aufweitungszone nachgeschoben wird und/oder - der umzuformende Bereich (10) unter Wandverdickung in axialer Richtung verkürzt wird. Method of forming a pipe and / or rod element, in which a forming tool (1) has a first die (2) and a second die (4), - In a first process step, a free end (9) of the tube and / or rod member (R) between the first die (2) and the second die (4) plastically deformed by means of a Axialpressvorgangs, in particular flared funnel-shaped, wherein - During the Axialpressvorgangs from a outside of a reshaped area (10) of the pipe and / or rod element (R) material of the pipe and / or rod element is nachgeschoben to the reshaped area (10) or to the expansion zone and / or - The area to be reshaped (10) is shortened under wall thickening in the axial direction. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass - das Nachschieben des Materials zu dem umzuformenden Bereich (10) mittels eines das Rohr- und/oder Stangenelement (R) innen abstützenden Dorns (3) bewerkstelligt wird, - der sich während des Aufweitvorgangs in Richtung auf die zweiten Matrize (4) zu bewegt, und über eine entsprechende Oberflächenstruktur verfügt, mittels der Material des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements (R) zu dem umformenden Bereich (10) bzw. zur Aufweitungszone nachgeschoben wird. Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that - the feeding of the material to the area to be reshaped (10) is accomplished by means of a mandrel (3) supporting the tube and / or rod element (R) on the inside, - which moves during the expansion process towards the second die (4), and has a corresponding surface structure, by means of the material of the tube and / or rod element (R) is pushed to the forming area (10) or to the expansion zone. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Oberflächenstruktur des Dorns (3) rauh gestaltet ist.Method according to claim 2,
characterized in that
the surface structure of the mandrel (3) is rough. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
eine oder mehrere Riefen und/oder Rillen und/oder Wülste und/oder Nuten (14) oder dergleichen am Dorn (3) vorgesehen sind.Method according to claim 2 or 3,
characterized in that
one or more grooves and / or grooves and / or beads and / or grooves (14) or the like are provided on the mandrel (3). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Nachschieben des Materials über einen beweglichen ersten Anschlag (8') bewerkstelligt wird, der stirnseitig ein in der ersten Matrize (2) aufgenommenes Ende (6) des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements (R) während des Aufweitvorgangs in Richtung der zweiten Matrize (4) hin bewegt.Method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the feeding of the material via a movable first stop (8 ') is accomplished, the front side in the first die (2) received end (6) of the tube and / or rod member (R) during the expansion process in the direction of the second die ( 4) moved. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der bewegliche Anschlag (8') in Form eines Ringes oder Hülse (17) ausgebildet ist und stirnseitig an einer Stirnfläche (7) am Ende (6) des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements (R) zur Anlage gelangt.Method according to claim 5,
characterized in that
the movable stop (8 ') in the form of a ring or sleeve (17) is formed and the end face on an end face (7) at the end (6) of the pipe and / or rod element (R) comes into abutment. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
an der zweiten Matrize (4) ein zweiter Anschlag (19, 23) vorgesehen, an dem der umzuformende Bereich (10) des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements (R) stirnseitig abstützbar ist.Method according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that
on the second die (4) a second stop (19, 23) is provided, on which the area to be reshaped (10) of the pipe and / or rod element (R) is frontally supported. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
ein zweiter Anschlag (19, 23) wenigstens ein relativbeweglich an der zweiten Matritze (4) gelagertes Druckelement umfasst, welches den umzuformenden Bereich (10) des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements (R) wenigstens abschnittsweise stirnseitig abstützt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that
a second stop (19, 23) comprises at least one pressure element mounted so as to be movable relative to the second die (4) and supporting the region (10) of the tube and / or rod element (R) to be reshaped at least in sections on the face side. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Druckelement mittels einer Feder und/oder eines fremdbetätigbaren Antriebs verstellbar ausgeführt ist.Method according to claim 8,
characterized in that
the pressure element is designed to be adjustable by means of a spring and / or a externally actuatable drive. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
mehrere separat voneinander verstellbare Druckelemente vorgesehen sind, die insbesondere ringförmig an der zweiten Matritze (4) angeordnet sind.Method according to one of claims 8 to 9,
characterized in that
a plurality of separately adjustable pressure elements are provided, which are in particular arranged annularly on the second die (4). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
an der zweiten Matrize (4) ein insbesondere dritter Anschlag (19) vorgesehen ist, an dem der umzuformende Bereich (10) des Rohr- und/oder Stangenelements stirnseitig abstützbar ist, wobei der insbesondere dritte Anschlag (19) wenigstens abschnittsweise in das Rohr- und/oder Stangenelement eingreift und mit dem zweiten Anschlag (23) einen Winkel von 70° bis 100° einnimmt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 10,
characterized in that
on the second die (4) a particular third stop (19) is provided, on which the reshaped region (10) of the pipe and / or rod element is frontally supported, the particular third stop (19) at least partially into the tube and / or rod element engages and with the second stop (23) occupies an angle of 70 ° to 100 °. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt mittels eines zweiten Axialpressvorgangs einer zur Ausformung bereitgestellten dritten Matrize (5) das Rohr- und/oder Stangenelement (R) im Bereich eines trichterförmig aufweiteten bzw. umgeformten Endes (9) in seine Endform (18) umgeformt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized in that
in a second method step, by means of a second axial pressing process of a third die (5) provided for shaping, the tube and / or rod element (R) is shaped into its final shape (18) in the region of a funnel-shaped widened or deformed end (9). Verfahren nach Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Endform (18) als Flansch ausgeführt ist, der Verdickungen zum Aufbringen von stirnseitigen oder radialen Verzahnungen, Rändeln und dergleichen oder zum Aufbringen von Verstärkungen zum Anschweißen von Hebeln und dergleichen aufweist.Method according to claim 12,
characterized in that
the end mold (18) is designed as a flange, which has thickenings for the application of frontal or radial toothings, knurls and the like or for applying reinforcements for welding levers and the like.
EP07015302A 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Method for forming a tubular element Not-in-force EP2020267B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE502007006195T DE502007006195D1 (en) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Method for forming a tubular element
EP07015302A EP2020267B1 (en) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Method for forming a tubular element
AT07015302T ATE494087T1 (en) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 METHOD FOR FORMING A TUBE ELEMENT

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07015302A EP2020267B1 (en) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Method for forming a tubular element

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2020267A1 true EP2020267A1 (en) 2009-02-04
EP2020267B1 EP2020267B1 (en) 2011-01-05

Family

ID=38792042

Family Applications (1)

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EP07015302A Not-in-force EP2020267B1 (en) 2007-08-03 2007-08-03 Method for forming a tubular element

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP2020267B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE494087T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502007006195D1 (en)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE459237A (en) *
US3487196A (en) * 1966-02-10 1969-12-30 Hasenclever Ag Maschf Die for electrical upsetting
SU575157A1 (en) * 1976-04-26 1977-10-05 Уральский научно-исследовательский институт трубной промышленности Device for flanging articles
JPH09262623A (en) * 1996-03-28 1997-10-07 Toyota Motor Corp Flange forming method for tube
JPH10216893A (en) * 1997-01-31 1998-08-18 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Flanging device of tube stock, and its method
DE10064376A1 (en) * 2000-12-21 2002-06-27 Schmittersysco Gmbh Pipe deformation process for exhaust pipes involves creating widened and thickened pipe wall directly at end sector
DE102005050946A1 (en) * 2005-10-22 2007-04-26 IFUTEC Ingenieurbüro für Umformtechnik GmbH Process to manufacture transmission shaft by simultaneous shift of tool and lateral displacement of drift

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE459237A (en) *
US3487196A (en) * 1966-02-10 1969-12-30 Hasenclever Ag Maschf Die for electrical upsetting
SU575157A1 (en) * 1976-04-26 1977-10-05 Уральский научно-исследовательский институт трубной промышленности Device for flanging articles
JPH09262623A (en) * 1996-03-28 1997-10-07 Toyota Motor Corp Flange forming method for tube
JPH10216893A (en) * 1997-01-31 1998-08-18 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Flanging device of tube stock, and its method
DE10064376A1 (en) * 2000-12-21 2002-06-27 Schmittersysco Gmbh Pipe deformation process for exhaust pipes involves creating widened and thickened pipe wall directly at end sector
DE102005050946A1 (en) * 2005-10-22 2007-04-26 IFUTEC Ingenieurbüro für Umformtechnik GmbH Process to manufacture transmission shaft by simultaneous shift of tool and lateral displacement of drift

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502007006195D1 (en) 2011-02-17
ATE494087T1 (en) 2011-01-15
EP2020267B1 (en) 2011-01-05

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