EP2006543A1 - Fluid circulation device - Google Patents

Fluid circulation device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2006543A1
EP2006543A1 EP07012107A EP07012107A EP2006543A1 EP 2006543 A1 EP2006543 A1 EP 2006543A1 EP 07012107 A EP07012107 A EP 07012107A EP 07012107 A EP07012107 A EP 07012107A EP 2006543 A1 EP2006543 A1 EP 2006543A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
drive member
fluid
vacuum
vacuum pump
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EP07012107A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2006543B1 (en
Inventor
Olivier Favre
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Infomed SA
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Infomed SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Infomed SA filed Critical Infomed SA
Priority to ES07012107T priority Critical patent/ES2378564T3/en
Priority to EP07012107A priority patent/EP2006543B1/en
Priority to AT07012107T priority patent/ATE538310T1/en
Priority to US12/141,116 priority patent/US8313314B2/en
Priority to JP2008186526A priority patent/JP5415033B2/en
Publication of EP2006543A1 publication Critical patent/EP2006543A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2006543B1 publication Critical patent/EP2006543B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/0009—Special features
    • F04B43/0081—Special features systems, control, safety measures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B43/06—Pumps having fluid drive
    • F04B43/067—Pumps having fluid drive the fluid being actuated directly by a piston

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for circulating fluids comprising at least one diaphragm pump for circulating a fluid in a direction and at a given flow rate by means of reciprocating movements of the membrane coordinated with the opening respectively. the closing of valves placed upstream and downstream of the rigid cavity in which the membrane moves.
  • the prior art describes numerous diaphragm pumps which can be classified in two categories: those comprising a rigid connection between the membrane and its drive system and those for which the diaphragm is displaced via a fluid .
  • the advantage of the latter solution is to allow membrane change with each use and thus avoid transmitting pollutants or contaminating the entrained fluid.
  • the elasticity of such a connection has negative effects on the accuracy of the fluid flow rate for each cycle of the pump and on its sensitivity to external parameters such as the pressure of the fluid entrained.
  • the prior art describes numerous systems using pumps comprising a membrane on which a gas, generally air, acts so as to create back and forth movements of this membrane which in turn, and combined with the valve movement, filled and empty a rigid chamber closed by this flexible membrane thus circulating the fluid present in the chamber.
  • These pumps as described in the prior art all include a membrane whose flexibility allows to vary the volume available for the fluid to circulate, one or more valve, and a rigid reservoir placed on the other side of the membrane and which receives the gas intended to actuate said membrane.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a fluid circulation device comprising at least one diaphragm pump in which the displacement of the membrane, and therefore the volume of fluid displaced, can be known and determined accurately and without suffering any damage. significant influence of external parameters such as the fluid pressure to be circulated.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluid circulation device with several single diaphragm pumps, robust and reliable, used in particular in the medical field and thus avoiding contact between the fluid to be circulated and potentially contaminated parts.
  • the present invention relates to a fluid circulation device comprising at least one diaphragm pump tending to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and having the characteristics listed in claim 1.
  • a fluid circulation device comprises at least one diaphragm pump, generally associated with an upstream valve and a downstream valve for defining the direction of the pumped fluid flow.
  • the present invention allows the realization of a rigid junction between the membrane and a drive member which fact that the movements of this membrane are known precisely which, in turn allows to know and fine-tune the flow rate or volume transported fluid to flow.
  • the essential characteristic of the fluid circulation device according to the invention lies in the fact that it comprises one or more fluid circulation circuits each comprising a rigid cavity whose wall is formed by a membrane, this membrane being held by depression against the surface of an actuator or sensor.
  • the movements of the membrane are accurate and allow a determination of the volume of pumped liquid or the pressure of the pumped liquid although the portion of the fluid circulation circuit comprising the membrane can be removable or replaceable.
  • the diaphragm pump comprises a rigid cavity in which the diaphragm moves under the action of a mechanical drive member actuated in its reciprocating movements by means of an electric motor, hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical or any other type of motor.
  • This drive member is in contact by one face with the diaphragm and the latter is applied against this face of the drive member by a depression created between this diaphragm and this face of this drive member, a depression created. by an auxiliary vacuum pump.
  • the membrane very precisely follows the movements of the drive member, but this construction allows, when the circulation device is out of service, to separate the membrane of its drive member to change the circulation circuit fluid which in medical equipment in particular is a consumable element.
  • the bond thus created is devoid of elasticity and makes it possible, on the one hand, to avoid direct contact between the fluid to be circulated and potentially contaminated parts and, on the other hand, to know precisely, and in a manner that is little or not sensitive to different parameters such as pressure and temperature, the volume displaced per round-trip cycle of the membrane as will be seen below.
  • Such an embodiment of the diaphragm pump is advantageously usable in devices or devices comprising several diaphragm pumps and for example used in the medical, food, chemical or laboratory field.
  • a pump according to the present invention obviates the aforementioned drawbacks of the existing devices since the gas, or rather here the gas vacuum, is used solely to bond the membrane to a rigid and mechanical part, itself driven in any way but with a knowledge precise displacement it inflicts on the membrane. Due to the rigidity of the assembly, the transmission of the force as well as the displacement will not be sensitive to the usual parameters such as for example the pressure of the fluid to be circulated.
  • Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous when it is applicable to devices comprising several diaphragm pumps. In this case, it suffices to use a single vacuum pump to create and maintain contact between the different membranes and their respective drive systems.
  • the air vacuum can be achieved by a vacuum pump of any model that can be connected to one or more elements to be activated, the vacuum can be controlled and maintained, even in case of light leaks, throughout the process .
  • the device is for medical use, for example a dialysis machine, it usually also comprises several pressure sensors and this same principle can be applied to the sensors providing an additional advantage.
  • the presence of the vacuum pump makes it possible to achieve a low cost coupling between a membrane and the sensor by suction of air between the membrane and the sensor which will then directly suffer the force resulting from the pressure of the liquid present on the other side of the membrane.
  • a device comprises, as shown in figures 1 and 2 , a circulation circuit 1 of the fluid to be pumped comprising a section 1.1 that can be removable and having a rigid cavity 1.2, a wall of which is constituted by a membrane 1.3.
  • This circulation circuit 1 comprises in the illustrated example an upstream valve 1.4 and a downstream valve 1.5 respectively connected upstream and downstream of the rigid cavity 1.2 of this circulation circuit 1.
  • the membrane 1.3 of section 1.1 of the circulation circuit 1 cooperates with the front surface of a drive member 2 driven in a reciprocating motion by a motor 3.
  • the membrane 1.3 is pressed against the front face of the the drive member 2 by a vacuum created by a vacuum pump 4 connected by a conduit 5 to an orifice that comprises the end face of the drive member 2.
  • a vacuum pump 4 connected by a conduit 5 to an orifice that comprises the end face of the drive member 2.
  • the drive motor 3 is an electric motor whose rotor is connected by a connection rod and crank drive member 2.
  • the rotational movement of the motor 3 converted into a reciprocating movement of the drive member 2 drives the membrane 1.3 so as to alternately increase and reduce the volume of the rigid cavity 1.2 of the circulation circuit 1 of the fluid.
  • valves placed one upstream and the other downstream of the membrane 1.3 make it possible to ensure the direction of flow of the fluid thus pumped.
  • the valves are controlled by cams 6,7 represented on the figure 4 , placed on the axis of the motor 3. This preferred mode ensures low manufacturing costs and a high reliability of the system.
  • the figure 5 shows that an assembly also using the vacuum pump and a fluid circulation circuit 1 comprising a flexible membrane 1.3 allows replacing the motor 3 by a sensor 8 to measure the pressure present in the circuit for the values as well positive than negative thanks to the strength of the connection thus created by the vacuum between the membrane 1.3 and the sensor 8.
  • the figure 6 schematically represents a device according to the invention which comprises a plurality of circulation circuits 1 each of which comprises a membrane 1.3 connected as previously described to a drive member 2 or to a pressure sensor 8.
  • a single vacuum pump 4 allows via a vacuum distributor 10 to apply the membranes 1.3 of all the circulation circuits 1 on the drive member 2 respectively the corresponding sensor 8.
  • the distributor 10 can be passive and have only connectors permanently interconnected and so that all pumps and the sensors are at the same time empty. In this mode, which has the advantage of simplicity and low cost, if for some reason it is not possible to create the vacuum between one of the membranes and the drive member 2 or the sensor 8 which is associated all other links will be affected. In this case it is also not possible to establish which link is causing the problem.
  • An additional defect of a passive distributor is that the vacuum pump must be dimensioned proportionally to the number of circulation circuits 1 and therefore links to establish.
  • a vacuum distributor which comprises valves which can connect one after the other, or in groups, each circulation circuit 1 comprising the pumps and any sensors to the vacuum pump 4. These valves can either be Mechanical or be controlled by a control unit 9.
  • a valve position indicator is advantageously placed on each valve and connected to the control unit 9 so as to know its position.
  • a pressure sensor 11 will advantageously be placed between the vacuum pump and the distributor so as to detect any leaks which, if possible, will be corrected.
  • the pressure sensor and the vacuum pump will also advantageously be connected to the control unit, as well as a discharge valve enabling the connection, or the links, to be released between membranes and drive members by removing the empty of air.
  • control unit 9 may for example drive the valves in the following manner: it begins by closing all the valves except one and starts the vacuum pump. When a negative pressure determined to be sufficient is reached, the computing unit opens a second valve and so on until all the valves are open and the negative pressure is below a determined threshold. The calculation unit then stops the vacuum pump and continues to measure the pressure on the sensor 11. If this pressure increases indicating the presence of a leak, the calculation unit can then trigger again the vacuum pump and as needed actuate the valves in order to either solve the problem or provide a diagnostic.
  • the shape of the membrane 1.3 and that of the surface of the connecting means or drive member 2 which are in contact with said membrane correspond to to ensure a vacuum on the entire contact surface.
  • the respective shapes also make it possible to reduce the volume of air between the membrane and the surface before the vacuum is applied and make it possible to easily evacuate the air present.
  • the preferred embodiment satisfying these criteria is that one of the two surfaces is a cone, and the other surface is flat, the hole connected to the vacuum pump being in the center of the face of the means of link.
  • Another example would be that the two faces are flat, those of the connecting means being pierced with multiple small holes connected to the vacuum pump and ensuring the evacuation of air.
  • the figure 7 illustrates a membrane 1.3 in the form of a suction cup, having a free surface outside the circulation circuit, concave and conical.
  • the front face of the drive member 2 or the sensor 8 with which this membrane 1.3 cooperates is then flat.
  • the figure 8 illustrates a plane membrane 1.3 cooperating with a front face of a drive member 2 or a sensor 8 having a concave conical shape.

Abstract

The device has a fluid circulation circuit provided with a rigid cavity (1.2) that closes a flexible membrane (1.3). The membrane cooperates with a driving unit (2) that is driven in backward and forward directions by a driving motor (3) i.e. electrical motor. A conduit (5) connects the driving unit with a vacuum pump (4) that applies the membrane against a face of the driving unit to create a rigid connection between the driving unit and the membrane for exactly following back and forth movements imposed by the driving unit.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un dispositif de circulation de fluides comportant au moins une pompe à membrane pour faire circuler un fluide dans une direction et à un débit donné grâce aux mouvements de va-et-vient de la membrane coordonnés avec l'ouverture respectivement la fermeture de soupapes placées en amont et en aval de la cavité rigide dans laquelle se déplace la membrane.The present invention relates to a device for circulating fluids comprising at least one diaphragm pump for circulating a fluid in a direction and at a given flow rate by means of reciprocating movements of the membrane coordinated with the opening respectively. the closing of valves placed upstream and downstream of the rigid cavity in which the membrane moves.

L'art antérieur décrit de nombreuse pompes à membranes que l'on peut classer dans deux catégories: celles comportant une liaison rigide entre la membrane et son système d'entraînement et celles pour lesquelles la membrane est déplacée par l'intermédiaire d'un fluide. L'avantage de cette dernière solution est de permettre de changer de membrane à chaque utilisation et d'éviter ainsi de transmettre des éléments polluants ou contaminant au fluide entraîné. L'élasticité d'une telle liaison comporte par contre des effets négatifs sur la précision du débit du fluide pour chaque cycle de la pompe et sur sa sensibilité à des paramètres externes tels que la pression du fluide entraîné. Plus précisément, l'art antérieur décrit de nombreux systèmes utilisant des pompes comportant une membrane sur laquelle un gaz, généralement de l'air, agit de manière à créer des mouvements d'aller-retour de cette membrane qui alternativement, et combinés avec le mouvement de valves, rempli puis vide une chambre rigide fermée par cette membrane souple faisant ainsi circuler le fluide présent dans la chambre. Ces pompes, telles que décrites dans l'art antérieur comportent toutes une membrane dont la souplesse permet de faire varier le volume à disposition pour le fluide à faire circuler, une ou plusieurs soupape, ainsi qu'un réservoir rigide placé de l'autre côté de la membrane et qui reçoit le gaz destiné à actionner ladite membrane.The prior art describes numerous diaphragm pumps which can be classified in two categories: those comprising a rigid connection between the membrane and its drive system and those for which the diaphragm is displaced via a fluid . The advantage of the latter solution is to allow membrane change with each use and thus avoid transmitting pollutants or contaminating the entrained fluid. On the other hand, the elasticity of such a connection has negative effects on the accuracy of the fluid flow rate for each cycle of the pump and on its sensitivity to external parameters such as the pressure of the fluid entrained. More specifically, the prior art describes numerous systems using pumps comprising a membrane on which a gas, generally air, acts so as to create back and forth movements of this membrane which in turn, and combined with the valve movement, filled and empty a rigid chamber closed by this flexible membrane thus circulating the fluid present in the chamber. These pumps, as described in the prior art all include a membrane whose flexibility allows to vary the volume available for the fluid to circulate, one or more valve, and a rigid reservoir placed on the other side of the membrane and which receives the gas intended to actuate said membrane.

On connaît notamment du document US 5.938.634 un système de dialyse péritonéale à entraînement par pression variable comprenant des pompes à membranes et des valves servant à la propulsion et au contrôle de la direction du fluide. Du document US 5.554.011 on connaît une pompe à membrane actionnée par un vacuum comprenant un piston soumis à l'action d'un ressort de rappel.We know in particular of the document US 5,938,634 a peritoneal dialysis system with variable pressure drive comprising membranes and valves for propulsion and control of fluid direction. Of the document US5,554,011 a vacuum operated diaphragm pump is known comprising a piston subjected to the action of a return spring.

L'inconvénient des dispositifs connus de circulation de fluides utilisant des pompes à membranes commandées par un fluide gazeux réside principalement dans la difficulté de connaître et de déterminer avec précision la quantité ou le volume de fluide à circuler déplacé pour chaque cycle de va-et-vient de la membrane. Cette difficulté provient notamment du fait que la variation de volume d'air, fluide compressible, utilisé pour actionner la membrane, ne correspond pas au volume de fluide à circuler déplacé par la membrane du fait de la compression de l'air, de la pression et des températures.The disadvantage of known fluid circulation devices using diaphragm pumps controlled by a gaseous fluid lies mainly in the difficulty of knowing and accurately determining the quantity or the volume of fluid to be displaced for each cycle of va-and- comes from the membrane. This difficulty stems in particular from the fact that the variation of air volume, compressible fluid, used to actuate the membrane, does not correspond to the volume of fluid to be circulated displaced by the membrane due to the compression of the air, the pressure and temperatures.

Un but de la présente invention est de réaliser un dispositif de circulation de fluide comprenant au moins une pompe à membrane dans lequel le déplacement de la membrane, et donc le volume de fluide déplacé, puisse être connu et déterminé avec précision et sans subir d'influence significative des paramètres externes telle que la pression du fluide à faire circuler.An object of the present invention is to provide a fluid circulation device comprising at least one diaphragm pump in which the displacement of the membrane, and therefore the volume of fluid displaced, can be known and determined accurately and without suffering any damage. significant influence of external parameters such as the fluid pressure to be circulated.

Un autre but de la présente invention est de réaliser un dispositif de circulation de fluide à plusieurs pompes à membranes simples, robustes et fiables, utilisable notamment dans le domaine médical et donc évitant tout contact entre le fluide à faire circuler et des pièces potentiellement contaminées.Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluid circulation device with several single diaphragm pumps, robust and reliable, used in particular in the medical field and thus avoiding contact between the fluid to be circulated and potentially contaminated parts.

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de circulation de fluide comportant au moins une pompe à membrane tendant à obvier aux inconvénients précités et comportant les caractéristiques énumérées à la revendication 1.The present invention relates to a fluid circulation device comprising at least one diaphragm pump tending to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and having the characteristics listed in claim 1.

Le dessin annexé illustre schématiquement et à titre d'exemple une forme d'exécution du dispositif de circulation de fluide selon l'invention.

  • La figure 1 illustre schématiquement en vue et en coupe un circuit de circulation de fluide que comporte le dispositif.
  • La figure 2 est un schéma de principe d'une pompe à membrane qui comprend le circuit de circulation illustré à la figure 1.
  • La figure 3 illustre schématiquement le fonctionnement de la pompe à membrane et de soupapes branchées en amont et en aval de la pompe.
  • La figure 4 illustre schématiquement en perspective et en coupe les moyens d'entraînement de la pompe à membrane et des soupapes.
  • La figure 5 est un schéma de principe d'un capteur de pression que comporte le dispositif de circulation de fluide.
  • La figure 6 illustre un dispositif selon l'invention comportant plusieurs circuits de circulation de fluide.
  • Les figures 7 et 8 illustrent différentes formes préférentielles pour l'organe d'entraînement et la membrane d'une pompe à membrane du dispositif.
The accompanying drawing illustrates schematically and by way of example an embodiment of the fluid circulation device according to the invention.
  • The figure 1 schematically illustrates in view and in section a fluid circulation circuit that comprises the device.
  • The figure 2 is a block diagram of a diaphragm pump that includes the circulation circuit illustrated in FIG. figure 1 .
  • The figure 3 schematically illustrates the operation of the diaphragm pump and valves connected upstream and downstream of the pump.
  • The figure 4 illustrates schematically in perspective and in section the drive means of the diaphragm pump and the valves.
  • The figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a pressure sensor included in the fluid circulation device.
  • The figure 6 illustrates a device according to the invention comprising a plurality of fluid circulation circuits.
  • The Figures 7 and 8 illustrate different preferred forms for the drive member and membrane of a membrane pump of the device.

Un dispositif de circulation de fluide selon la présente invention comporte au moins une pompe à membrane, généralement associée à une soupape amont et une soupape aval pour définir le sens de l'écoulement de fluide pompé.A fluid circulation device according to the present invention comprises at least one diaphragm pump, generally associated with an upstream valve and a downstream valve for defining the direction of the pumped fluid flow.

Contrairement aux pompes à membrane utilisées dans les dispositifs de circulation de fluides connus où la membrane est déplacée par une pression d'un fluide gazeux, la présente invention permet la réalisation d'une jonction rigide entre la membrane et un organe d'entraînement ce qui fait que les déplacements de cette membrane sont connus avec précision ce qui, à son tour permet de connaître et de régler avec précision le débit ou volume transporté du fluide à circuler.Unlike membrane pumps used in known fluid circulation devices where the membrane is moved by a pressure of a gaseous fluid, the present invention allows the realization of a rigid junction between the membrane and a drive member which fact that the movements of this membrane are known precisely which, in turn allows to know and fine-tune the flow rate or volume transported fluid to flow.

La caractéristique essentielle du dispositif de circulation de fluide selon l'invention réside dans le fait que celui-ci comporte un ou plusieurs circuits de circulation de fluide comportant chacun une cavité rigide dont une paroi est formée par une membrane, cette membrane étant maintenue par dépression contre la surface d'un organe d'actionnement ou d'un capteur.The essential characteristic of the fluid circulation device according to the invention lies in the fact that it comprises one or more fluid circulation circuits each comprising a rigid cavity whose wall is formed by a membrane, this membrane being held by depression against the surface of an actuator or sensor.

Ainsi, les déplacements de la membrane sont précis et permettent une détermination du volume de liquide pompé ou de la pression du liquide pompé bien que la partie du circuit de circulation de fluide comportant la membrane puisse être amovible ou remplaçable.Thus, the movements of the membrane are accurate and allow a determination of the volume of pumped liquid or the pressure of the pumped liquid although the portion of the fluid circulation circuit comprising the membrane can be removable or replaceable.

La pompe à membrane selon l'invention comporte une cavité rigide dans laquelle la membrane se déplace sous l'action d'un organe d'entraînement mécanique actionné dans ses déplacements de va-et-vient à l'aide d'un moteur électrique, d'un moteur hydraulique, pneumatique, mécanique ou de toute autre nature. Cet organe d'entraînement, est en contact par une face avec la membrane et celle-ci est appliquée contre cette face de l'organe d'entraînement par une dépression créée entre cette membrane et cette face de cet organe d'entraînement, dépression créée par une pompe à vide annexe. De cette façon en fonctionnement la membrane suit très exactement les déplacements de l'organe d'entraînement, mais cette construction permet, lorsque le dispositif de circulation est hors service, de séparer la membrane de son organe d'entraînement pour changer le circuit de circulation du fluide qui dans un appareillage médical notamment, est un élément consommable.The diaphragm pump according to the invention comprises a rigid cavity in which the diaphragm moves under the action of a mechanical drive member actuated in its reciprocating movements by means of an electric motor, hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical or any other type of motor. This drive member is in contact by one face with the diaphragm and the latter is applied against this face of the drive member by a depression created between this diaphragm and this face of this drive member, a depression created. by an auxiliary vacuum pump. In this way in operation the membrane very precisely follows the movements of the drive member, but this construction allows, when the circulation device is out of service, to separate the membrane of its drive member to change the circulation circuit fluid which in medical equipment in particular is a consumable element.

Le lien ainsi créé est dépourvu d'élasticité et permet d'une part d'éviter un contact direct entre le fluide à faire circuler et des pièces potentiellement contaminées et d'autre part de connaître précisément, et de manière peu ou pas sensible à différents paramètres telles que pression et température, le volume déplacé par cycle d'aller-retour de la membrane comme on le verra ci-après.The bond thus created is devoid of elasticity and makes it possible, on the one hand, to avoid direct contact between the fluid to be circulated and potentially contaminated parts and, on the other hand, to know precisely, and in a manner that is little or not sensitive to different parameters such as pressure and temperature, the volume displaced per round-trip cycle of the membrane as will be seen below.

Une telle réalisation de la pompe à membrane est avantageusement utilisable dans des dispositifs ou appareils comportant plusieurs pompes à membrane et par exemple utilisés dans le domaine médical, alimentaire, chimique ou de laboratoire.Such an embodiment of the diaphragm pump is advantageously usable in devices or devices comprising several diaphragm pumps and for example used in the medical, food, chemical or laboratory field.

Une pompe selon la présente invention obvie aux inconvénients précités des dispositifs existants puisque le gaz, ou plutôt ici le vide de gaz, est utilisé uniquement pour coller la membrane à une partie mécanique et rigide, elle-même entraînée de manière quelconque mais avec une connaissance précise du déplacement qu'elle inflige à la membrane. Du fait de la rigidité de l'ensemble, la transmission de l'effort ainsi que le déplacement ne seront pas sensibles aux paramètres habituels tel que par exemple la pression du fluide à faire circuler.A pump according to the present invention obviates the aforementioned drawbacks of the existing devices since the gas, or rather here the gas vacuum, is used solely to bond the membrane to a rigid and mechanical part, itself driven in any way but with a knowledge precise displacement it inflicts on the membrane. Due to the rigidity of the assembly, the transmission of the force as well as the displacement will not be sensitive to the usual parameters such as for example the pressure of the fluid to be circulated.

Une telle réalisation est particulièrement intéressante lorsqu'elle s'applique à des appareils comportant plusieurs pompes à membranes. Dans ce cas en effet il suffit d'une seule pompe à vide pour créer et maintenir le contact entre les différentes membranes et leurs systèmes d'entraînement respectifs. Le vide d'air peut être réalisé par une pompe à dépression d'un modèle quelconque qui peut être connectée à un ou plusieurs éléments à activer, le vide pouvant être contrôlé et maintenu, même en cas de fuites légères, tout au long du processus.Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous when it is applicable to devices comprising several diaphragm pumps. In this case, it suffices to use a single vacuum pump to create and maintain contact between the different membranes and their respective drive systems. The air vacuum can be achieved by a vacuum pump of any model that can be connected to one or more elements to be activated, the vacuum can be controlled and maintained, even in case of light leaks, throughout the process .

Si de plus l'appareil est à usage médical, par exemple un appareil de dialyse, il comporte aussi habituellement plusieurs capteurs de pression et ce même principe peut être appliqué aux capteurs procurant un avantage supplémentaire. En effet, la présence de la pompe à vide permet de réaliser à moindre coût un couplage entre une membrane et le capteur par une succion de l'air entre la membrane et le capteur qui subira alors directement la force résultant de la pression du liquide présent de l'autre côté de la membrane.If in addition the device is for medical use, for example a dialysis machine, it usually also comprises several pressure sensors and this same principle can be applied to the sensors providing an additional advantage. Indeed, the presence of the vacuum pump makes it possible to achieve a low cost coupling between a membrane and the sensor by suction of air between the membrane and the sensor which will then directly suffer the force resulting from the pressure of the liquid present on the other side of the membrane.

Un dispositif selon la présente invention comporte, comme représenté aux figures 1 et 2, un circuit de circulation 1 du fluide à pomper comprenant une section 1.1 pouvant être amovible et présentant une cavité rigide 1.2 dont une paroi est constituée par une membrane 1.3. Ce circuit de circulation 1 comporte dans l'exemple illustré une soupape amont 1.4 et une soupape aval 1.5 reliés respectivement en amont et en aval de la cavité rigide 1.2 de ce circuit de circulation 1.A device according to the present invention comprises, as shown in figures 1 and 2 , a circulation circuit 1 of the fluid to be pumped comprising a section 1.1 that can be removable and having a rigid cavity 1.2, a wall of which is constituted by a membrane 1.3. This circulation circuit 1 comprises in the illustrated example an upstream valve 1.4 and a downstream valve 1.5 respectively connected upstream and downstream of the rigid cavity 1.2 of this circulation circuit 1.

La membrane 1.3 de la section 1.1 du circuit de circulation 1 coopère avec la surface frontale d'un organe d'entraînement 2 entraîné dans un mouvement de va-et-vient par un moteur 3. La membrane 1.3 est plaquée contre la face frontale de l'organe d'entraînement 2 par une dépression créée par une pompe à vide 4 reliée par un conduit 5 à un orifice que comporte la face frontale de l'organe d'entraînement 2. Ainsi, lorsque la pompe à vide 4 est en action la dépression créée entre la face frontale de l'organe d'entraînement 2 et la membrane 1.3 assure la jonction rigide entre cette membrane 1.3 et l'organe d'entraînement 2 de sorte que la membrane 1.3 suivra exactement tous les déplacements de cet organe d'entraînement 2.The membrane 1.3 of section 1.1 of the circulation circuit 1 cooperates with the front surface of a drive member 2 driven in a reciprocating motion by a motor 3. The membrane 1.3 is pressed against the front face of the the drive member 2 by a vacuum created by a vacuum pump 4 connected by a conduit 5 to an orifice that comprises the end face of the drive member 2. Thus, when the vacuum pump 4 is in action the depression created between the front face of the drive member 2 and the membrane 1.3 ensures the rigid junction between this membrane 1.3 and the drive member 2 of so that the membrane 1.3 will follow exactly all the movements of this drive member 2.

Dans un mode d'exécution préféré le moteur d'entraînement 3 est un moteur électrique dont le rotor est relié par une liaison par bielle et manivelle a l'organe d'entraînement 2. Ainsi, le mouvement de rotation du moteur 3 transformé en un mouvement de va-et-vient de l'organe d'entraînement 2 entraîne la membrane 1.3 de manière à alternativement augmenter et réduire le volume de la cavité rigide 1.2 du circuit de circulation 1 du fluide.In a preferred embodiment, the drive motor 3 is an electric motor whose rotor is connected by a connection rod and crank drive member 2. Thus, the rotational movement of the motor 3 converted into a reciprocating movement of the drive member 2 drives the membrane 1.3 so as to alternately increase and reduce the volume of the rigid cavity 1.2 of the circulation circuit 1 of the fluid.

Comme illustré sur la figure 3, les soupapes placées l'une en amont et l'autre en aval de la membrane 1.3 permettent d'assurer la direction d'écoulement du fluide ainsi pompé. Dans le mode préféré de l'invention les soupapes sont pilotées par des cames 6,7 représentées sur la figure 4, placées sur l'axe du moteur 3. Ce mode préféré assure de bas coûts de fabrication ainsi qu'une grande fiabilité du système.As illustrated on the figure 3 the valves placed one upstream and the other downstream of the membrane 1.3 make it possible to ensure the direction of flow of the fluid thus pumped. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the valves are controlled by cams 6,7 represented on the figure 4 , placed on the axis of the motor 3. This preferred mode ensures low manufacturing costs and a high reliability of the system.

La figure 5 montre qu'un montage faisant aussi appel à la pompe à vide et à un circuit de circulation des fluides 1 comportant une membrane souple 1.3 permet en remplaçant le moteur 3 par un capteur 8 de mesurer la pression présente dans le circuit pour les valeurs aussi bien positives que négatives grâce à la force de la liaison ainsi créée par le vide entre la membrane 1.3 et le capteur 8.The figure 5 shows that an assembly also using the vacuum pump and a fluid circulation circuit 1 comprising a flexible membrane 1.3 allows replacing the motor 3 by a sensor 8 to measure the pressure present in the circuit for the values as well positive than negative thanks to the strength of the connection thus created by the vacuum between the membrane 1.3 and the sensor 8.

La figure 6 représente schématiquement un dispositif selon l'invention qui comporte une pluralité de circuits de circulation 1 chacun de ceux-ci comportant une membrane 1.3 reliée comme précédemment décrit à un organe d'entraînement 2 ou à un capteur de pression 8. Une seule pompe à vide 4 permet par l'intermédiaire d'un répartiteur de vide 10 d'appliquer les membranes 1.3 de tous les circuits de circulation 1 sur l'organe d'entraînement 2 respectivement le capteur 8 correspondant.The figure 6 schematically represents a device according to the invention which comprises a plurality of circulation circuits 1 each of which comprises a membrane 1.3 connected as previously described to a drive member 2 or to a pressure sensor 8. A single vacuum pump 4 allows via a vacuum distributor 10 to apply the membranes 1.3 of all the circulation circuits 1 on the drive member 2 respectively the corresponding sensor 8.

Le répartiteur 10 peut soit être passif et ne comporter que des connecteurs reliés entre eux en permanence et de façon à ce que toutes les pompes et capteurs soient mis en même temps à vide. Dans ce mode, qui présente l'intérêt de la simplicité et du moindre coût, si pour une raison quelconque il n'est pas possible de créer le vide entre une des membranes et l'organe d'entraînement 2 ou le capteur 8 qui lui est associé toutes les autres liaisons seront affectées. Dans ce cas il n'est en outre pas possible d'établir quelle liaison est à l'origine du problème. Un défaut supplémentaire d'un répartiteur passif est que la pompe à vide doit être dimensionnée de manière proportionnelle au nombre de circuits de circulation 1 et donc de liaisons à établir. On préférera donc un répartiteur de vide qui comprend des vannes qui permettent de relier l'un après l'autre, ou par groupes, chaque circuit de circulation 1 comprenant les pompes et éventuels capteurs à la pompe à vide 4. Ces vannes pourront soit être mécaniques soit être pilotées par une unité de commande 9. Dans les deux cas, un indicateur de position de vanne, non représenté, sera avantageusement placé sur chaque vanne et relié à l'unité de commande 9 de façon à connaître sa position. De plus un capteur de pression 11 sera avantageusement placé entre la pompe à vide et le répartiteur de manière à détecter d'éventuelles fuites qui si possible seront corrigées. Le capteur de pression et la pompe à vide seront à cet effet également avantageusement connectés à l'unité de commande, ainsi qu'une valve de décharge permettant de libérer la liaison, ou les liaisons, entre membranes et organes d'entraînement en supprimant le vide d'air.The distributor 10 can be passive and have only connectors permanently interconnected and so that all pumps and the sensors are at the same time empty. In this mode, which has the advantage of simplicity and low cost, if for some reason it is not possible to create the vacuum between one of the membranes and the drive member 2 or the sensor 8 which is associated all other links will be affected. In this case it is also not possible to establish which link is causing the problem. An additional defect of a passive distributor is that the vacuum pump must be dimensioned proportionally to the number of circulation circuits 1 and therefore links to establish. We therefore prefer a vacuum distributor which comprises valves which can connect one after the other, or in groups, each circulation circuit 1 comprising the pumps and any sensors to the vacuum pump 4. These valves can either be Mechanical or be controlled by a control unit 9. In both cases, a valve position indicator, not shown, is advantageously placed on each valve and connected to the control unit 9 so as to know its position. In addition, a pressure sensor 11 will advantageously be placed between the vacuum pump and the distributor so as to detect any leaks which, if possible, will be corrected. For this purpose, the pressure sensor and the vacuum pump will also advantageously be connected to the control unit, as well as a discharge valve enabling the connection, or the links, to be released between membranes and drive members by removing the empty of air.

Pour profiter pleinement des avantages offerts par le mode préféré décrit ci-dessus, l'unité de commande 9 pourra par exemple piloter les vannes de la manière suivante : elle commence par fermer toutes les vannes sauf une et démarre la pompe à vide. Lorsqu'une pression négative déterminée comme suffisante est atteinte, l'unité de calcul ouvre une seconde vanne et ainsi de suite jusqu'à ce que toutes les vannes soient ouvertes et que la pression négative soit en dessous d'un seuil déterminé. L'unité de calcul arrête alors la pompe à vide et continue de mesurer la pression sur le capteur 11. Si cette pression augmente indiquant ainsi la présence d'une fuite, l'unité de calcul peut alors enclencher à nouveau la pompe à vide et selon les besoins actionner les vannes de manière à soit résoudre le problème, soit fournir un diagnostique.To take full advantage of the advantages offered by the preferred mode described above, the control unit 9 may for example drive the valves in the following manner: it begins by closing all the valves except one and starts the vacuum pump. When a negative pressure determined to be sufficient is reached, the computing unit opens a second valve and so on until all the valves are open and the negative pressure is below a determined threshold. The calculation unit then stops the vacuum pump and continues to measure the pressure on the sensor 11. If this pressure increases indicating the presence of a leak, the calculation unit can then trigger again the vacuum pump and as needed actuate the valves in order to either solve the problem or provide a diagnostic.

Pour que les moyens sophistiqués décrits ci-dessus donnent les résultats attendus il faut de plus que la forme de la membrane 1.3 et celle de la surface des moyens de liaison ou organe d'entraînement 2 qui sont en contact avec ladite membrane correspondent de manière à permettre d'assurer le vide sur toute la surface de contact. Dans un mode préféré les formes respectives permettent également de réduire le volume d'air entre la membrane et la surface avant la mise en dépression et permettent aisément d'évacuer l'air présent. A titre d'exemple, le mode préféré satisfaisant ces critères est qu'une des deux surfaces soit un cône, et que l'autre surface soit plane, le trou relié à la pompe à vide se situant au centre de la face des moyens de liaison.For the sophisticated means described above to give the expected results it is necessary moreover that the shape of the membrane 1.3 and that of the surface of the connecting means or drive member 2 which are in contact with said membrane correspond to to ensure a vacuum on the entire contact surface. In a preferred embodiment, the respective shapes also make it possible to reduce the volume of air between the membrane and the surface before the vacuum is applied and make it possible to easily evacuate the air present. By way of example, the preferred embodiment satisfying these criteria is that one of the two surfaces is a cone, and the other surface is flat, the hole connected to the vacuum pump being in the center of the face of the means of link.

Un autre exemple serait que les deux faces soient planes, celles des moyens de liaison étant percée de multiples petits trous reliés à la pompe à vide et assurant l'évacuation de l'air.Another example would be that the two faces are flat, those of the connecting means being pierced with multiple small holes connected to the vacuum pump and ensuring the evacuation of air.

La figure 7 illustre une membrane 1.3 en forme de ventouse, présentant une surface libre, extérieure au circuit de circulation, concave et de forme conique. La face frontale de l'organe d'entraînement 2 ou du capteur 8 avec laquelle cette membrane 1.3 coopère est alors plane.The figure 7 illustrates a membrane 1.3 in the form of a suction cup, having a free surface outside the circulation circuit, concave and conical. The front face of the drive member 2 or the sensor 8 with which this membrane 1.3 cooperates is then flat.

La figure 8 illustre une membrane 1.3 plane coopérant avec une face frontale d'un organe d'entraînement 2 ou d'un capteur 8 présentant une forme conique concave.The figure 8 illustrates a plane membrane 1.3 cooperating with a front face of a drive member 2 or a sensor 8 having a concave conical shape.

Bien entendu de nombreuses variantes sont envisageables tant pour la forme des membranes 1.3 et des surfaces avec lesquelles elles doivent coopérer que pour le mode d'entraînement de l'organe d'entraînement 2 dans leur mouvement de va-et-vient.Of course, many variants are conceivable both for the shape of the membranes 1.3 and the surfaces with which they must cooperate as for the driving mode of the drive member 2 in their movement back and forth.

Claims (9)

Dispositif de circulation de fluide comprenant un circuit de circulation (1) du fluide à pomper présentant une cavité (1.2) rigide fermée par une membrane souple (1.3) qui coopère avec un organe d'entraînement (2) entraîné par un moteur (3) dans des mouvements de va-et-vient, caractérisé par le fait que la face de l'organe d'entraînement (2) destinée à coopérer avec la membrane (1.3) est reliée par un conduit (5) à une pompe à vide (4) susceptible d'appliquer par succion la membrane (1.3) contre ladite face de l'organe d'entraînement (2) de manière à créer une liaison rigide entre l'organe d'entraînement (2) et ladite membrane (1.3) qui suit alors exactement les mouvements de va-et-vient imposés par l'organe d'entraînement (2).Fluid circulation device comprising a circulation circuit (1) of the fluid to be pumped having a cavity (1.2) rigidly closed by a flexible membrane (1.3) which cooperates with a drive member (2) driven by a motor (3) in reciprocating movements, characterized in that the face of the drive member (2) intended to cooperate with the diaphragm (1.3) is connected by a conduit (5) to a vacuum pump ( 4) capable of applying by suction the membrane (1.3) against said face of the drive member (2) so as to create a rigid connection between the drive member (2) and said membrane (1.3) which then exactly follows the movements back and forth imposed by the drive member (2). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les déplacements de va-et-vient de l'organe d'entraînement (2) sont créés par un moteur rotatif et une liaison cinématique transformant le mouvement rotatif en un mouvement linéaire de va-et-vient.Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the reciprocating movements of the drive member (2) are created by a rotary motor and a kinematic connection which transforms the rotary movement into a linear movement of tension. and forth. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte des soupapes (1.4,1.5) disposées dans le circuit de circulation (1) en amont et en aval de la cavité rigide (1.2) et de la membrane (1.3) et par le fait que ces soupapes sont commandées par des cames (6,7) entraînées par le moteur (3).Device according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises valves (1.4, 1.5) arranged in the circulation circuit (1) upstream and downstream of the rigid cavity (1.2) and the membrane (1.3) and in that these valves are controlled by cams (6, 7) driven by the motor (3). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la forme de la membrane (1.3) est conique concave et que la surface correspondante de l'organe d'entraînement (2) est plane.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shape of the diaphragm (1.3) is conically concave and that the corresponding surface of the drive member (2) is flat. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que la forme de la membrane (1.3) est plane et que la surface correspondante de l'organe d'entraînement (2) est conique concave.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shape of the membrane (1.3) is flat and that the corresponding surface of the drive member (2) is concave conical. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte plusieurs circuits de circulation (1) dont les membranes (1.3) coopèrent chacune avec un organe d'entraînement (2) et par le fait qu'une seule pompe à vide aspire toutes les membranes (1.3) contre leur organe d'actionnement respectif.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of circulation circuits (1) whose membranes (1.3) each cooperate with a drive member (2) and that a single pump Vacuum draws all membranes (1.3) against their respective actuator. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que la pompe à vide (4) est branchée sur un répartiteur de vide (10) lui-même relié à chaque organe d'entraînement (2) par un conduit (5).Device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the vacuum pump (4) is connected to a vacuum distributor (10) which is itself connected to each drive element (2) via a duct (5). Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte encore une unité de commande (9) commandant le répartiteur de vide (10) pour relier séquentiellement chaque organe d'entraînement (2) à la pompe à vide (4).Device according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises a control unit (9) controlling the vacuum distributor (10) to sequentially connect each drive member (2) to the vacuum pump (4). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte encore au moins un circuit de circulation (1) dont la membrane (1.3) coopère avec un organe d'entraînement (2) relié à un capteur de pression.Device according to one of the claims, characterized in that it also comprises at least one circulation circuit (1) whose membrane (1.3) cooperates with a drive member (2) connected to a pressure sensor.
EP07012107A 2007-06-21 2007-06-21 Fluid circulation device Active EP2006543B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES07012107T ES2378564T3 (en) 2007-06-21 2007-06-21 Fluid circulation device
EP07012107A EP2006543B1 (en) 2007-06-21 2007-06-21 Fluid circulation device
AT07012107T ATE538310T1 (en) 2007-06-21 2007-06-21 FLUID CIRCUIT DEVICE
US12/141,116 US8313314B2 (en) 2007-06-21 2008-06-18 Fluid circulation device
JP2008186526A JP5415033B2 (en) 2007-06-21 2008-06-20 Fluid circulation device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07012107A EP2006543B1 (en) 2007-06-21 2007-06-21 Fluid circulation device

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EP2006543A1 true EP2006543A1 (en) 2008-12-24
EP2006543B1 EP2006543B1 (en) 2011-12-21

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JP (1) JP5415033B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE538310T1 (en)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2378564T3 (en) 2012-04-13
US8313314B2 (en) 2012-11-20
JP5415033B2 (en) 2014-02-12
EP2006543B1 (en) 2011-12-21
US20090010777A1 (en) 2009-01-08
JP2009002350A (en) 2009-01-08
ATE538310T1 (en) 2012-01-15

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