EP2001961B1 - Thick floor coating having antistatic properties - Google Patents

Thick floor coating having antistatic properties Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2001961B1
EP2001961B1 EP07723948A EP07723948A EP2001961B1 EP 2001961 B1 EP2001961 B1 EP 2001961B1 EP 07723948 A EP07723948 A EP 07723948A EP 07723948 A EP07723948 A EP 07723948A EP 2001961 B1 EP2001961 B1 EP 2001961B1
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Prior art keywords
carbon atoms
hydrocarbon radical
double bonds
appropriate
containing double
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2001961A2 (en
Inventor
Christian Krausche
Wai Man Wong
Stefanie Sand
Michael Hiller
Pedro Cavaleiro
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Construction Research and Technology GmbH
Evonik Operations GmbH
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Evonik Goldschmidt GmbH
Construction Research and Technology GmbH
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Priority to PL07723948T priority Critical patent/PL2001961T3/en
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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/24Electrically-conducting paints
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/10Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B26/14Polyepoxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/16Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/17Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • C08K5/19Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/49Phosphorus-containing compounds
    • C08K5/50Phosphorus bound to carbon only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/16Anti-static materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/60Flooring materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/90Electrical properties
    • C04B2111/905Anti-static materials

Definitions

  • the present invention is a floor thick coating with antistatic properties.
  • coating materials are electrical insulators on which high surface charges can accumulate in the production, processing and use of articles made therefrom.
  • a commonly used method to facilitate charge dissipation and minimize static charge is the use of antistatic agents, ie, nonionic or ionic surfactants, and especially ammonium and alkali metal salts These are essentially used in the form of external and internal antistatic agents.
  • External antistatic agents are applied to the surface of the coating materials as aqueous or alcoholic solutions by spraying, brushing or dipping and subsequent air drying.
  • the remaining antistatic film is effective on almost all surfaces, but has the disadvantage that it is easily and accidentally removed by friction or liquid.
  • the molecules migrate continuously due to their conditional incompatibility to the surfaces of the coating materials and accumulate there, or replace losses.
  • the hydrophobic part remains in the coating materials, the hydrophilic part binds water in the atmosphere and forms a conductive layer, which can discharge charges already at some ten or one hundred volts and not only at a dangerous few thousand volts to the atmosphere. This ensures that an effective amount of antistatics will be on the surface for a long period of time.
  • Combinations of rapidly and slowly migrating antistatic agents are therefore already used in order to achieve a long-term effect lasting over weeks and months, given a sufficiently rapid initial action.
  • Typical cured coating materials have surface resistivities in the range of 10 14 to 10 ohms and can therefore build up voltages of up to 15,000 volts Effective antistatics should therefore be able to reduce the surface resistances of the coating materials to 10 10 ohms or below.
  • antistatic agents can influence the physical and technical properties of the cured coating materials, such as, for example, surface course, substrate wettability, substrate adhesion, sealability and thermal stability. To minimize these effects, they should therefore already be effective in low concentrations. Typical amounts used today of antistatic agents are 0.01-3 wt .-% based on the total amount of the coating material.
  • Metal salts are known and effective antistatic agents. However, they have the disadvantage that they must be solved for homogeneous distribution in coating materials before use. Common solvents are alcohols, ethers, esters, polyethers, cyclic ethers, cyclic esters, amides, cyclic amides, aromatic compounds or, more generally, organic solvents.
  • solubility is sometimes very low, so that for sufficiently effective use concentrations large amounts of solvent must be used.
  • the metal salts are preferably dissolved in one of the formulation components, in polyurethanes, this is usually the alcohol component, ie, in di- or polyols, which are then reacted with isocyanate components to the polymer matrix. Due to the large number of usable polyols then a corresponding plurality of solutions would have to be provided.
  • solvents for metal salts which are universally applicable and have high solvent power for a variety of metal salts.
  • they should be substantially inert to the reaction components or else be part of the formulation or have no negative influence on the physical properties of the final product.
  • the new solvent should additionally have improved solvent characteristics for metal salts, the resulting solution of solvent and metal salt should have better antistatic properties in coating materials.
  • ionic liquids are used which are better solvents for many metal salts than the above-mentioned di- and polyols and common organic solvents.
  • significantly smaller amounts of solvent are required in order to introduce an effective content of metal salt for improving the conductivity in coating materials ( WO 2008/006422 ).
  • organic solvents or dispersants it is additionally possible to add organic solvents or dispersants to such mixtures in order to adjust the highest possible electrolyte salt content. It has also been described above that these systems are used in coating materials, printing inks and / or printing varnishes.
  • the coating materials mentioned in this context are only low-viscosity systems that in a thin layer usually in the form of a color or a Lacks are applied. Neither in the description nor in the examples are indications given that such antistatic systems are also used in thick coatings which have a fundamentally different structure and are also used in other fields of application with different requirements.
  • Dissipative soils must be able to dissipate static charges in a targeted manner, which is why usually special system structures are used, the main components are in addition to a primer a highly conductive conductive paint and a conductive topcoat.
  • the required conductivity is essentially realized by the use of carbon fibers.
  • the conductive ink must still be connected to the ground.
  • ESD floors are designed to avoid static charges as far as possible and to derive them in a defined manner.
  • these functions can also be checked by measuring body voltage generation, personal discharge capability by means of a human / shoe / ground / earth system measurement, as well as by the time-limited unloading process of the person (decay time).
  • Relevant standards for this are, for example: CEI IEC 61340-5-1, IEC 61340-4-1 and IEC 61340-4-5.
  • Such ESD trays are constructed like the dissipative systems, but additionally provided with at least one thin-layer surface-conductive seal.
  • surface-conductive topcoats in which case the surface conductivity is adjusted by the use of conductive fillers and pigments.
  • the layer thickness tolerance of these coatings is usually very limited and the quaternary ammonium compounds used therein are not sufficiently effective.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a floor thick coating with antistatic properties. This should be possible without the use of additional seals, without the layer thickness sensitivity known to be disadvantageous and, of course, under economically advantageous conditions, in which case in particular cheap raw materials should be used.
  • the coating system according to the invention is based on the use of ionic liquids as solvents (compatibilizers) for metal salts (conductive salts), in particular alkali metal salts, it being possible to add further organic solvents or dispersants to these mixtures in order to set the highest possible conductive salt content.
  • ionic liquids are generally referred to at low temperatures ( ⁇ 100 ° C) melting salts, which represent a novel class of liquids of non-molecular, ionic character.
  • melting salts which are high-melting, highly viscous and very corrosive media
  • ionic liquids are liquid even at low temperatures and relatively low-viscosity ( KR Seddon, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 1997, 68, 351-356 ).
  • Ionic liquids consist in most cases of anions such as halides, carboxylates, phosphates, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, dicyanamide, sulfate, alkyl sulfates, sulfonates, alkyl sulfonates, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluoro-phosphate or bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide combined with, for example, substituted ammonium -, phosphonium, pyridinium or imidazolium cations, wherein the aforementioned anions and cations a small selection from the large number of possible anions and Represent cations, which is why no claim to completeness or even a restriction should be given.
  • anions such as halides, carboxylates, phosphates, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, dicyanamide, sulfate, alkyl sulfates, sulfonates, al
  • ionic liquids of the present invention a variant is included, in which these contain an additive to improve the solubility of the cations, which can also act as a complexing agent.
  • Crown ethers or their cryptands and organic complexing agents such as, for example, EDTA, are provided in this context. From the range of suitable crown ethers, those which have an oxygen number of between 4 and 10 have proved suitable.
  • suitable special forms of crown ethers, namely the so-called cryptands are particularly suitable for the selective complex formation with alkali or alkaline-earth metal ions.
  • the ionic liquids used according to the invention are composed of at least one quaternary nitrogen and / or phosphorus compound and at least one anion and their melting point is below about + 250 ° C., preferably below about + 150 ° C., in particular below about + 100 ° C.
  • the mixtures of ionic liquids and solvents is liquid at room temperature.
  • Alkyl radical especially -CH 3 ) interrupted linear or branched optionally double bonds containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, one by one or more functionalities selected from the group -OC (O) -, - (O) CO-, -NH- C (O) -, - (O) C-NH, - (CH 3 ) NC (O) -, - (O) CN (CH 3 ) -, -S (O 2 ) -O-, -OS (O 2 ) -, -S (O 2 ) -NH-, -NH-S (O 2 ) -, -S (O 2 ) -N (CH 3 ) -, -N (CH 3 ) -S (O 2 ) -, interrupted linear or branched, optionally double bonds containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, one terminal OH, OR ', NH 2 , N (H) R',
  • cations are ions which are derived from saturated or unsaturated cyclic compounds and from aromatic compounds each having at least one trivalent nitrogen atom in a 4- to 10-, preferably 5- to 6-membered heterocyclic ring which may optionally be substituted ,
  • Such cations can be simplified (ie without specifying exact location and number of double bonds in the molecule) by the general formulas (V), (VI) and (VII) described below, wherein the heterocyclic rings may optionally contain a plurality of heteroatoms.
  • R 1 and R 2 have the abovementioned meaning, R is a hydrogen, a linear or branched optionally double bonds containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic optionally double bonds containing hydrocarbon radical having 5 to 40 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 40 Carbon atoms or an alkylaryl radical having 7 to 40 carbon atoms.
  • cyclic nitrogen compounds of the aforementioned type are pyrrolidine, dihydropyrrole, pyrrole, imidazoline, oxazoline, oxazole, thiazoline, thiazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, indole, carbazole, piperidine, pyridine, the isomeric picolines and lutidines, quinoline and iso-quinoline.
  • ions which are derived from saturated acyclic, saturated or unsaturated cyclic compounds and from aromatic compounds each having more than one trivalent nitrogen atom in a 4- to 10-, preferably 5- to 6-membered heterocyclic ring. These compounds may be substituted on both the carbon atoms and the nitrogen atoms. They may also be annelated by, optionally substituted, benzene rings and / or cyclohexane rings to form polynuclear structures.
  • Examples of such compounds are pyrazole, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, N-methylimidazole, dihydropyrazole, pyrazolidine, pyrazine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, 2,3-, 2,5- and 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, cimoline, phthalazine , Quinazoline, phenazine and piperazine.
  • cations of the general formula (VIII) derived from imidazole and its alkyl and phenyl derivatives have proven useful as constituents of ionic liquids.
  • Preferred cations are furthermore those which contain two nitrogen atoms and are represented by the general formula (VIII) in which R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 are identical or different and hydrogen, a linear or branched optionally double bonds containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 Carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic optionally double bonds containing hydrocarbon radical having 5 to 40 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having 7 to 40 carbon atoms, one by one or more heteroatoms (O, NH, NR 'with R' equal to one C 1 -C 30 -alkyl radical containing double bonds), interrupted linear or branched optionally double bonds containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, one by one or more functionalities selected from the group-OC (O) -, - (O) CO- , -NH-C (O) -, - (O) C-NH
  • the ionic liquids according to the invention contained in the floor thickness coating consist of at least one of the aforementioned cations, combined with in each case at least one anion.
  • Preferred anions are selected from the group of halides, bis (perfluoroalkylsulfonyl) amides or imides such as e.g.
  • anions of dicyanamide, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, tetraphenylborate, tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, polyether phosphates and phosphate are also to be regarded as preferred.
  • the components ionic liquid (s) + conductive salt (s) + solvent
  • the components are present in the ready-to-use mixture, which is contained according to the invention as an antistatic agent in the soil thick coating, in a sufficient amount, so that the mixture is as high as possible containing conductive salt (s) and is preferably liquid at ⁇ 100 ° C, more preferably at room temperature.
  • Preference according to the invention is given to those thick-walled coatings which comprise, as ionic liquids or mixtures thereof, those combinations in which the cation is selected from the series consisting of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium, 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium, 1,3-dialkylimidazolinium and 1, 2,3-trialkylimidazolinium cation and in which the anion is selected from the group of halides, bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, perfluoroalkyl tosylates, alkyl sulfates and sulfonates, perfluorinated alkyl sulfonates and sulfates, perfluoroalkyl carboxylates, perchlorate, dicyanamide, thiocyanate, Isothiocyanate, tetraphenylborate, tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetrafluo
  • Ammonium salts such as TEGO ® IL T16ES, TEGO ® IL K5MS or Rezol Heqams (products of Goldschmidt GmbH) are used.
  • the alkali metal salt should contain at a proportion of 0.1 to 75 wt .-%, preferably in a proportion of 0.5 to 50 wt.%, Particularly preferably in a proportion of 5 to 30 wt .-% be.
  • the salts used in the soil thickening coating according to the invention are the simple or complex compounds customarily used in this field, such as in particular alkali metal salts of the anions: bis (perfluoroalkylsulfonyl) amide or imide such as e.g.
  • Particularly preferred mixtures are those which contain as the alkali metal salt NaSCN or NaN (CN) 2 and KPF 6 and an imidazolinium or imidazolium salt, preferably 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophorate and as ionic liquid 1. ethyl-3-methylimidazolium / NaN (CN) 2 or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate / NaN (CN) 2 .
  • the coating matrix of the claimed floor-thick coating consists of at least one polyurethane, epoxy resin, polyester resin, acrylate, methacrylate or vinyl ester.
  • the coating matrix of the bottom thick coating contains fillers and / or pigments which preferably have conductive properties.
  • carbon fibers such. B. based on PAN, pitch and rayon, graphite, carbon black, metal oxides and metal alloy oxides in question.
  • fillers and pigments coated with components that impart conductive properties are also in this case, graphites, carbon blacks and metal oxides or metal alloy oxides are particularly suitable.
  • the claimed floor thickening coating is not limited to special formulations containing the antistatic component in defined compounds. However, it is advisable to mix the antistatic component in amounts of soil thick coating, which are between 0.01 and 30 wt .-% and preferably between 0.1 and 20 wt .-%.
  • the claimed system should have a layer thickness which is particularly preferably between 2 and 4 mm.
  • the layer thickness of the new floor thick coating may have a lower limit of 0.2 cm, with upper limits of up to 2.0 cm, preferably up to 1.0 cm and particularly preferably up to 6 mm also being considered suitable.
  • the hardness range for light to medium mechanical stress is usually between 65 to 80 Shore D.
  • the minimum hardness for walkable surfaces is preferably Shore A 75.
  • the present invention also includes their use in the construction chemical sector and in particular for assembly halls and commercial buildings in the electronics and electrical industries.
  • the claimed floor thick coatings are suitable for buildings and more generally for applications that are associated with risks from electrostatic charges and therefore also require special explosion protection.
  • the described thick coatings are characterized by the fact that they hardly charge any more electrostatically, and they can be precisely adapted to the particular intended use in particular by the exact combination of the additives contained in them with other conductive components. Due to the specific ingredients, these floor thick coatings are inexpensive to manufacture and can also be used in applications for the previously appeared only thin-layer paints suitable.
  • Antistatic agents of the following composition were used in formulations 4 and 5 according to the invention:
  • the synergistic mixture of ionic liquid, conducting salt and organic solvent was produced by means of a magnetic stirrer.
  • the components were 1 ethyl bis (polyethoxyethanol) -talgalkylammoniumethylsulfat (Tego ® IL T16ES) as an ionic liquid equimolar mixed with calcium thiocyanate as supporting electrolyte.
  • As antistatic agent 2 an equimolar mixture consisting of 1,3-dimethylimidazolium methyl sulfate as the ionic liquid and lithium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide as the conductive salt was used.
  • the epoxy resin component was based on glycidyl polyethers of 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (bisphenol A).
  • the reactive diluents used were ethyltriglycol methacrylate (ETMA).
  • Recipe 1 (comparison) epoxy resin - 37 parts by weight reactive - 5 parts by weight benzyl alcohol - 7.3 parts by weight Chalk / SiO2 (filler) - 49 parts by weight
  • the conductive ink was an aqueous epoxy material having a surface resistance in the range of 10 4 ohms.

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Description

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist eine Bodendickbeschichtung mit antistatischen Eigenschaften.The present invention is a floor thick coating with antistatic properties.

In der Regel sind Beschichtungsstoffe elektrische Isolatoren, auf denen sich bei der Herstellung, Verarbeitung und dem Gebrauch daraus hergestellter Gegenstände hohe Oberflächenladungen ansammeln können.As a rule, coating materials are electrical insulators on which high surface charges can accumulate in the production, processing and use of articles made therefrom.

Diese statischen Aufladungen führen zu unerwünschten Effekten und ernsten Gefahrensituationen, welche von der Anziehung von Staub, der Anhaftung von hygienisch bedenklichen Verunreinigungen, der Zerstörung elektronischer Bauteile durch Funkenüberschläge, physiologisch unangenehmen elektrischen Schlägen, Entzündung brennbarer Flüssigkeiten in Behältern oder Rohren, in denen diese gerührt, gegossen, gefördert und gelagert werden, bis hin zu Staubexplosionen, beispielsweise beim Umfüllen von mit Stäuben gefüllten Großgebinden, reichen. Die unerwünschte elektrostatische Ansammlung von Staub an der Oberfläche von Beschichtungsstoffen kann unter Einwirkung mechanischer Belastungen zu einem schnelleren Zerkratzen und somit kürzerer Nutzungsdauer der Gebrauchsgegenstände führen.These static charges lead to undesirable effects and serious hazards arising from the attraction of dust, the attachment of hygienic contaminants, the destruction of electronic components by sparking, physiologically unpleasant electrical shocks, inflammation of flammable liquids in containers or pipes in which these stirred be poured, conveyed and stored, to dust explosions, for example, when transferring filled with dusts bulk. The unwanted electrostatic accumulation of dust on the surface of coating materials may, under the influence of mechanical stress, lead to a more rapid scratching and thus a shorter useful life of the articles of daily use.

Es besteht daher großes Interesse, statische Aufladungen dieser Beschichtungen zu verhindern oder auf ein ungefährliches Maß zu minimieren.There is therefore great interest in preventing static charges on these coatings or minimizing them to a safe level.

Eine allgemein angewandte Methode, das Ableiten von Ladungen zu ermöglichen und die statische Aufladung zu minimieren, ist der Einsatz von Antistatika, d. h. nichtionischen oder ionischen grenzflächenaktiven Verbindungen und insbesondere Ammonium- und Alkalimetallsalzen, wobei diese im Wesentlichen in Form von äußeren und inneren Antistatika eingesetzt werden.A commonly used method to facilitate charge dissipation and minimize static charge is the use of antistatic agents, ie, nonionic or ionic surfactants, and especially ammonium and alkali metal salts These are essentially used in the form of external and internal antistatic agents.

Äußere Antistatika werden als wässrige oder alkoholische Lösungen durch Sprühen, Aufstreichen oder Tauchen und anschließender Lufttrocknung auf die Oberfläche der Beschichtungsstoffe aufgetragen. Der verbleibende antistatische Film ist auf fast allen Oberflächen wirksam, hat aber den Nachteil, dass er durch Reibung oder Flüssigkeit sehr leicht und ungewollt wieder entfernt wird.External antistatic agents are applied to the surface of the coating materials as aqueous or alcoholic solutions by spraying, brushing or dipping and subsequent air drying. The remaining antistatic film is effective on almost all surfaces, but has the disadvantage that it is easily and accidentally removed by friction or liquid.

Im Gegensatz zu den inneren Antistatika mit aus dem Inneren der ausgehärteten Beschichtungsstoffe nachmigrierenden Antistatikamoleküle weisen externe Antistatika aufgrund des fehlenden Depoteffektes keine Langzeitwirkung auf. Daher werden vorzugsweise innere Antistatika verwendet, welche den Beschichtungsstoffen soweit wie möglich in reiner Form oder in Form von konzentrierten Formulierungen zugesetzt werden. Nach der Aushärtung der Beschichtungsstoffe sind die inneren Antistatika homogen verteilt, so dass sie in der resultierenden ausgehärteten Schicht überall ihre Wirkung entfalten und nicht nur an der Grenzfläche zur Luft vorhanden sind.In contrast to the internal antistatic agents with antistatic molecules which migrate from the interior of the cured coating materials, external antistatic agents have no long-term effect due to the lack of depot effect. Therefore, it is preferable to use internal antistatic agents which are added to the coating materials as much as possible in pure form or in the form of concentrated formulations. After curing of the coating materials, the internal antistatic agents are homogeneously distributed, so that they unfold their action in the resulting cured layer everywhere and are present not only at the interface with the air.

Nach heutigen, durch Versuchen belegten Vorstellungen, migrieren die moleküle aufgrund ihrer bedingten Unverträglichkeit kontinuierlich an die Oberflächen der Beschichtungsstoffe und reichern sich dort an, bzw. ersetzen Verluste. Der hydrophobe Teil verbleibt dabei in den Beschichtungsstoffen, der hydrophile Teil bindet in der Atmosphäre befindliches Wasser und bildet eine leitende Schicht, welche Ladungen bereits bei einigen zehn oder hundert Volt und nicht erst bei gefährlichen einigen tausend Volt an die Atmosphäre ableiteten kann. Auf diese Weise wird gewährleistet, dass sich über einen längeren Zeitraum eine wirksame Menge Antistatika an der Oberfläche befindet.According to today's ideas, as proven by experiments, the molecules migrate continuously due to their conditional incompatibility to the surfaces of the coating materials and accumulate there, or replace losses. The hydrophobic part remains in the coating materials, the hydrophilic part binds water in the atmosphere and forms a conductive layer, which can discharge charges already at some ten or one hundred volts and not only at a dangerous few thousand volts to the atmosphere. This ensures that an effective amount of antistatics will be on the surface for a long period of time.

Die Migrationsrate (Diffusionsgeschwindigkeit) ist jedoch bei diesem konzept ein kritischer Faktor:

  • Ist sie zu groß, können sich (z.B. kristalline) Strukturen niedriger Energie ausbilden, welche die Fähigkeit, Feuchtigkeit zu binden, verlieren und dadurch den Antistatikeffekt deutlich reduzieren und an der Oberfläche unerwünschte Schmierfilme erzeugen, mit allen damit verbundenen ästhetischen und verarbeitungstechnischen Nachteilen, wobei auch die Wirksamkeit gefährdet ist.
However, the migration rate (diffusion rate) is a critical factor in this concept:
  • If it is too large, low energy (eg, crystalline) structures can form that lose the ability to bind moisture, thereby significantly reducing the antistatic effect and producing undesirable lubricating films on the surface, with all the aesthetic and processing disadvantages associated therewith the effectiveness is compromised.

Ist die Migrationsrate zu gering, wird keine oder keine in praxisgerechten Zeiten ausreichende Wirkung erzielt.If the migration rate is too low, no effect will be achieved, or no effect will be achieved in practice.

Es werden daher bereits Kombinationen aus schnell und langsam migrierenden Antistatika eingesetzt, um bei einer ausreichend schnellen Anfangswirkung auch eine über Wochen und Monate anhaltende Langzeitwirkung zu erzielen.Combinations of rapidly and slowly migrating antistatic agents are therefore already used in order to achieve a long-term effect lasting over weeks and months, given a sufficiently rapid initial action.

Typische, ausgehärtete Beschichtungsstoffe haben Oberflächenwiderstände im Bereich von 1014 bis 10" Ohm und können daher Spannungen von bis zu 15.000 Volt aufbauen. Wirksame Antistatika sollten daher die Oberflächenwiderstände der Beschichtungsstoffe auf 1010 Ohm oder darunter abbauen können.Typical cured coating materials have surface resistivities in the range of 10 14 to 10 ohms and can therefore build up voltages of up to 15,000 volts Effective antistatics should therefore be able to reduce the surface resistances of the coating materials to 10 10 ohms or below.

Daneben ist noch zu berücksichtigen, dass Antistatika die physikalischen und technischen Eigenschaften der ausgehärteten Beschichtungsstoffe, wie beispielsweise Oberflächenverlauf, Substratbenetzbarkeit, Substrathaftung, Siegelfähigkeit und thermische Stabilität, beeinflussen können. Zur Minimierung dieser Effekte sollten sie daher bereits in geringen Konzentrationen wirksam werden. Typische Einsatzmengen von heute genutzten Antistatika liegen bei 0,01-3 Gew.-% bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge des Beschichtungsstoffs.In addition, it should also be considered that antistatic agents can influence the physical and technical properties of the cured coating materials, such as, for example, surface course, substrate wettability, substrate adhesion, sealability and thermal stability. To minimize these effects, they should therefore already be effective in low concentrations. Typical amounts used today of antistatic agents are 0.01-3 wt .-% based on the total amount of the coating material.

Metallsalze sind bekannte und wirksame Antistatika. Sie haben jedoch den Nachteil, dass sie zur homogenen Verteilung in Beschichtungsstoffen vor der Anwendung gelöst werden müssen. Übliche Lösemittel sind Alkohole, Ether, Ester, Polyether, cyclische Ether, cyclische Ester, Amide, cyclische Amide, aromatische Verbindungen oder ganz allgemein organische Lösemittel.Metal salts are known and effective antistatic agents. However, they have the disadvantage that they must be solved for homogeneous distribution in coating materials before use. Common solvents are alcohols, ethers, esters, polyethers, cyclic ethers, cyclic esters, amides, cyclic amides, aromatic compounds or, more generally, organic solvents.

Die Löslichkeit ist jedoch zum Teil sehr gering, so dass für ausreichend wirksame Einsatzkonzentrationen große Mengen an Lösemittel verwendet werden müssen.However, the solubility is sometimes very low, so that for sufficiently effective use concentrations large amounts of solvent must be used.

Sofern diese Antistatikaformulierungen in transparenten Beschichtungsstoffen eingesetzt werden, haben sie den Nachteil, dass sie die optischen Eigenschaften des Endproduktes nachteilig beeinflussen können.If these antistatic formulations are used in transparent coating materials, they have the disadvantage that they can adversely affect the optical properties of the end product.

In reaktiven Mehrkomponentensystemen, wie beispielsweise bei der Herstellung von reaktiven Polyurethanbeschichtungen, können gegebenenfalls vorhandene reaktive Gruppen des Lösemittels bzw. anderer Bestandteile der Antistatikaformulierungen unerwünscht an der Reaktion teilnehmen und so insbesondere die physikalischen Eigenschaften des Endproduktes verändern. In der Praxis werden daher die Metallsalze vorzugsweise in einem der Formulierungsbestandteile gelöst, bei Polyurethanen ist dies in der Regel die Alkoholkomponente, d.h. in Di- oder Polyolen, die dann mit Isocyanatkomponenten zur Polymermatrix umgesetzt werden. Aufgrund der Vielzahl der einsetzbaren Polyole müßte dann eine entsprechende Vielzahl von Lösungen bereitgestellt werden. Daher werden diese Anitstatika/Metallsalze häufig in Lösemitteln gelöst, die Bestandteil sämtlicher Formulierungen sind, wie z.B. Ethylenglykol, Propylenglykol oder aber andere reaktive organische Lösemittel. Nachteilig ist hierbei, dass üblicherweise der Anteil dieser Formulierungsbestandteile, die dann nicht nur als Reaktivkomponente In der Polyurethanformulierung, sondern entweder zusätzlich oder auch ausschließlich als Lösemittel in derAntistatikformulierung verwendet werden, in der Polyurethanformulierung insgesamt nicht höher sein darf, als es ohne den Zusatz der Antistatikformulierung der Fall wäre, um die physikalischen Eigenschaften des Endproduktes möglichst nicht zu verändern.In reactive multicomponent systems, such as in the preparation of reactive polyurethane coatings, optionally present reactive groups of the solvent or other constituents of the antistatic formulations may undesirably participate in the reaction and thus in particular change the physical properties of the final product. In practice, therefore, the metal salts are preferably dissolved in one of the formulation components, in polyurethanes, this is usually the alcohol component, ie, in di- or polyols, which are then reacted with isocyanate components to the polymer matrix. Due to the large number of usable polyols then a corresponding plurality of solutions would have to be provided. Therefore, these Anitstatika / metal salts are often dissolved in solvents that are part of all formulations, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or other reactive organic solvents. The disadvantage here is that usually the proportion of these formulation ingredients, which then not only as a reactive component in the polyurethane formulation, but either additionally or exclusively as a solvent in the antistatic formulation, in which the polyurethane formulation as a whole may not be higher than would be the case without the addition of the antistatic formulation so as not to alter the physical properties of the final product as much as possible ,

Es wurde bereits versucht, Lösemittel für Metallsalze bereitzustellen, welche universell einsetzbar sind und ein hohes Lösungsvermögen für eine Vielzahl von Metallsalzen besitzen. Außerdem sollten sie gegenüber den Reaktionskomponenten weitgehend inert sein oder aber auch Bestandteil der Formulierung sein bzw. keinen negativen Einfluss auf die physikalischen Eigenschaften des Endproduktes haben. Das neue Lösemittel sollte zusätzlich verbesserte Lösemittelcharakteristik für Metallsalze aufweisen, wobei die resultierende Lösung aus Lösemittel und Metallsalz bessere Antistatikeigenschaften in Beschichtungsstoffen aufweisen soll.It has already been tried to provide solvents for metal salts, which are universally applicable and have high solvent power for a variety of metal salts. In addition, they should be substantially inert to the reaction components or else be part of the formulation or have no negative influence on the physical properties of the final product. The new solvent should additionally have improved solvent characteristics for metal salts, the resulting solution of solvent and metal salt should have better antistatic properties in coating materials.

Zu diesem Zweck werden bestimmte ionische Flüssigkeiten verwendet, die bessere Lösemittel für viele Metallsalze darstellen als die oben angeführten Di- und Polyole und gängige organische Lösemittel. Zur Herstellung wirksamer Anstistatikaformulierungen sollen deutlich geringere Mengen an Lösemittel erforderlich sein, um einen effektiven Gehalt an Metallsalz zur Verbesserung der Leitfähigkeit in Beschichtungsstoffen einzubringen ( WO 2008/006422 ). In diesem Dokument wird zwar die Verwendung ionischer Flüssigkeiten als Lösemittel für Metallsalze vorbeschrieben, wobei derartigen Mischungen zusätzlich organische Lösemittel oder Dispergiermittel zugesetzt werden können, um einen möglichst hohen Leitsalzgehalt einzustellen. Vorbeschrieben ist auch, dass diese Systeme in Beschichtungsstoffen, Druckfarben und/oder Drucklacken zum Einsatz kommen. Die in diesem Zusammenhang genannten Beschichtungsstoffe stellen allerdings ausschließlich niedrigviskose Systeme dar, die in dünner Schicht meist in Form einer Farbe oder eines Lacks appliziert werden. Weder in der Beschreibung noch in den Beispielen werden Hinweise darauf gegeben,dass derartige Antistatika-Systeme auch in Dickbeschichtungen eingesetzt werden, die einen grundsätzlich anderen Aufbau aufweisen und auch in anderen Anwendungsbereichen mit abweichenden Anforderungen Verwendung finden.For this purpose, certain ionic liquids are used which are better solvents for many metal salts than the above-mentioned di- and polyols and common organic solvents. In order to produce effective antistatic formulations, significantly smaller amounts of solvent are required in order to introduce an effective content of metal salt for improving the conductivity in coating materials ( WO 2008/006422 ). Although this document describes the use of ionic liquids as solvents for metal salts, it is additionally possible to add organic solvents or dispersants to such mixtures in order to adjust the highest possible electrolyte salt content. It has also been described above that these systems are used in coating materials, printing inks and / or printing varnishes. However, the coating materials mentioned in this context are only low-viscosity systems that in a thin layer usually in the form of a color or a Lacks are applied. Neither in the description nor in the examples are indications given that such antistatic systems are also used in thick coatings which have a fundamentally different structure and are also used in other fields of application with different requirements.

Ableitfähige Böden müssen in der Lage sein, statische Aufladungen gezielt abzuleiten, weshalb in der Regel spezielle Systemaufbauten verwendet werden, deren Hauptbestandteile neben einer Grundierung ein hochleitfähiger Leitlack und eine durchleitfähige Deckbeschichtung sind. Die erforderliche Durchleitfähigkeit wird im Wesentlichen durch die Verwendung von Kohlenstofffasern realisiert. Schließlich muss der Leitlack noch mit der Erdung verbunden sein.Dissipative soils must be able to dissipate static charges in a targeted manner, which is why usually special system structures are used, the main components are in addition to a primer a highly conductive conductive paint and a conductive topcoat. The required conductivity is essentially realized by the use of carbon fibers. Finally, the conductive ink must still be connected to the ground.

Die so genannten ESD-Böden sind dafür konzipiert, statische Aufladungen möglichst zu vermeiden und definiert abzuleiten. Die Überprüfbarkeit dieser Funktionen erfolgt neben den herkömmlichen Elektrodenmessungen zusätzlich durch die Messung der Personenaufladung (Body Voltage Generation), der Personenableitfähigkeit mittels einer Systemmessung Mensch/Schuh/Boden/Erde sowie über den zeitlich limitierten Entladevorgang der Person (decay time). Relevante Normen hierfür sind z.B: CEI IEC 61340-5-1, IEC 61340-4-1 sowie IEC 61340-4-5. Derartige ESD-Böden sind wie die ableitfähigen Systeme aufgebaut, zusätzlich aber mit mindestens einer dünnschichtigen Oberflächen-leitfähigen Versiegelung versehen. Möglich ist auch die zusätzliche Verwendung Oberflächenleitfähiger Deckbeschichtungen, wobei die Oberflächenleitfähigkeit in diesem Fall durch die Verwendung leitfähiger Füllstoffe und Pigmente eingestellt wird. Derartige Systeme sind allerdings sehr teuer. Außerdem ist die Schichtdickentoleranz dieser Beschichtungen in der Regel sehr beschränkt und die darin auch verwendeten quartären Ammoniumverbindungen nicht ausreichend wirksam.The so-called ESD floors are designed to avoid static charges as far as possible and to derive them in a defined manner. In addition to the conventional electrode measurements, these functions can also be checked by measuring body voltage generation, personal discharge capability by means of a human / shoe / ground / earth system measurement, as well as by the time-limited unloading process of the person (decay time). Relevant standards for this are, for example: CEI IEC 61340-5-1, IEC 61340-4-1 and IEC 61340-4-5. Such ESD trays are constructed like the dissipative systems, but additionally provided with at least one thin-layer surface-conductive seal. Also possible is the additional use of surface-conductive topcoats, in which case the surface conductivity is adjusted by the use of conductive fillers and pigments. However, such systems are very expensive. In addition, the layer thickness tolerance of these coatings is usually very limited and the quaternary ammonium compounds used therein are not sufficiently effective.

Sowohl für die ableitfähigen Böden als auch für die ESD-Böden werden als Polymermatrix unterschiedliche Bindemittelsysteme eingesetzt. Am häufigsten sind Amin-gehärtete Epoxidharze, aromatische und aliphatische Polyurethansysteme, radikalisch vernetzende Methacrylate (PMMA-Böden) sowie Vinylester. Um die gewünschten ESD-Eigenschaften zu erzielen, ist ein hoher Applikationsaufwand zu betreiben, wobei im Allgemeinen teure Deckschichten aufgebracht werden müssen.Both for the conductive floors and for the ESD floors different binder systems are used as polymer matrix. The most common are amine-cured epoxy resins, aromatic and aliphatic polyurethane systems, free-radically crosslinking methacrylates (PMMA bottoms) and vinyl esters. In order to achieve the desired ESD properties, a high application cost is to operate, which generally expensive cover layers must be applied.

Aus den geschilderten Nachteilen des Standes der Technik hat sich für die vorliegende Erfindung die Aufgabe gestellt, eine Bodendickbeschichtung mit antistatischen Eigenschaften bereitzustellen. Dies sollte ohne die Verwendung von zusätzlichen Versiegelungen gelingen, ohne die als nachteilig bekannte Schichtdickensensibilität und natürlich unter wirtschaftlich vorteilhaften Bedingungen, wobei insbesondere günstige Rohstoffe zur Anwendung gelangen sollten.From the described disadvantages of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a floor thick coating with antistatic properties. This should be possible without the use of additional seals, without the layer thickness sensitivity known to be disadvantageous and, of course, under economically advantageous conditions, in which case in particular cheap raw materials should be used.

Gelöst wurde diese Aufgabe durch eine Bodendickbeschichtung, die als antistatische Komponente Lösungen von Metallsalzen in ionischen Flüssigkeiten enthält.This problem was solved by a floor thick coating, which contains solutions of metal salts in ionic liquids as an antistatic component.

Überraschend hat sich herausgestellt, dass mit diesem System die Aufgabenstellung voll erfüllt werden konnte, wobei insbesondere in Abhängigkeit von der jeweils gewählten Schichtdicke streuende Ableitfähigkeitswerte vollkommen vermieden werden können. Außerdem treten die sonst mit zunehmender Schichtdicke auftretenden zunehmenden Anteile von Leitlöchern ("Dead Spots") nicht auf. Somit kann mit der erfindungsgemäßen Bodendickbeschichtung die sonst nachteilige Schichtdickensensibilität vermieden werden. Außerdem war nicht zu erwarten, dass die vorgeschlagene Bodendickbeschichtung gleichzeitig sowohl die Anforderungen an die Ableitfähigkeiten als auch an die ESD-Systeme in einer einzigen Schicht erfüllen können. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, auf eine relativ preiswerte Art Bodendickbeschichtungen herzustellen, die sich kaum mehr elektrostatisch aufladen, wobei es auch möglich ist, in Abhängigkeit vom jeweiligen Anwendungsbereich die erfindungswesentliche antistatische Komponente mit weiteren leitfähigen Komponenten zu kombinieren, um die Performance des Beschichtungsproduktes gezielt einzustellen. Dies ist insbesondere in der Elektronikindustrie von Vorteil, da in diesem speziellen Anwendungsbereich bislang ausschließlich dünnschichtige Systeme verwendet werden konnten, die außerdem nur sehr teuer zu realisieren sind auch hinsichtlich ihrer Dauerhaftigkeit deutlich im Nachteil sind.Surprisingly, it has been found that with this system, the task could be fully met, which scattering Ableitfähigkeitswerte can be completely avoided especially depending on the particular selected layer thickness. In addition, the increasing portions of guide holes ("dead spots") that otherwise occur with increasing layer thickness do not occur. Thus, the otherwise disadvantageous layer thickness sensitivity can be avoided with the floor thick coating according to the invention. In addition, it was not expected that the proposed floor thickening coating could simultaneously meet both the requirements for the dissipation capabilities and the ESD systems in a single layer. In this way it is possible, in a relatively inexpensive way floor coatings which hardly ever electrostatically recharge, and it is also possible to combine the antistatic component according to the invention with other conductive components, depending on the particular field of application, in order to set the performance of the coating product in a targeted manner. This is particularly advantageous in the electronics industry, since so far only thin-layered systems could be used in this special field of application, which are also very expensive to implement and are clearly at a disadvantage in terms of their durability.

Das erfindungsgemäße Beschichtungssystem basiert auf der Verwendung von ionischen Flüssigkeiten als Lösemittel (Compatibilizer) für Metallsalze (Leitsalze), insbesondere Alkalimetallsalze, wobei diesen Mischungen weitere organische Lösemittel oder Dispergiermittel zugesetzt werden können, um einen möglichst hohen Leitsalzgehalt einzustellen.The coating system according to the invention is based on the use of ionic liquids as solvents (compatibilizers) for metal salts (conductive salts), in particular alkali metal salts, it being possible to add further organic solvents or dispersants to these mixtures in order to set the highest possible conductive salt content.

Als ionische Flüssigkeiten ("ionic liquids") bezeichnet man allgemein bei niedrigen Temperaturen (< 100 °C) schmelzende Salze, die eine neuartige Klasse von Flüssigkeiten mit nichtmolekularem, ionischem Charakter darstellen. Im Gegensatz zu klassischen Salzschmelzen, die hochschmelzende, hochviskose und sehr korrosive Medien darstellen, sind ionische Flüssigkeiten bereits bei niedrigen Temperaturen flüssig und relativ niedrigviskos ( K.R. Seddon, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 1997, 68, 351-356 ).As ionic liquids are generally referred to at low temperatures (<100 ° C) melting salts, which represent a novel class of liquids of non-molecular, ionic character. In contrast to classical salt melts, which are high-melting, highly viscous and very corrosive media, ionic liquids are liquid even at low temperatures and relatively low-viscosity ( KR Seddon, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 1997, 68, 351-356 ).

Ionische Flüssigkeiten bestehen in den meisten Fällen aus Anionen wie zum Beispiel Halogeniden, Carboxylaten, Phosphaten, Thiocyanat, Isothiocyanat, Dicyanamid, Sulfat, Alkylsulfaten, Sulfonaten, Alkylsulfonaten, Tetrafluoroborat, Hexafluoro-phosphat oder auch Bis(trifluormethylsulfonyl)imid kombiniert mit zum Beispiel substituierten Ammonium-, Phosphonium-, Pyridinium- oder Imidazolium-Kationen, wobei die vorgenannten Anionen und Kationen eine kleine Auswahl aus der großen Zahl möglicher Anionen und Kationen darstellen, weshalb kein Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit erhoben oder gar eine Einschränkung vorgegeben werden soll.Ionic liquids consist in most cases of anions such as halides, carboxylates, phosphates, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, dicyanamide, sulfate, alkyl sulfates, sulfonates, alkyl sulfonates, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluoro-phosphate or bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide combined with, for example, substituted ammonium -, phosphonium, pyridinium or imidazolium cations, wherein the aforementioned anions and cations a small selection from the large number of possible anions and Represent cations, which is why no claim to completeness or even a restriction should be given.

Von der vorliegenden Erfindung wird hinsichtlich der ionischen Flüssigkeiten eine Variante mitumfasst, bei der diese zur Verbesserung der Löslichkeit der Kationen ein Additiv enthalten, welches auch als Komplexbildner fungieren kann. In diesem Zusammenhang sind insbesondere Kronenether oder deren Kryptanden und organische Komplexbildner, wie bspw. EDTA, vorgesehen. Aus der Reihe der in Frage kommenden Kronenether haben sich solche als geeignet erwiesen, die eine Sauerstoffzahl zwischen 4 und 10 aufweisen. Die ebenfalls in Frage kommenden Sonderformen der Kronenether, nämlich die sog. Kryptanden, sind insbesondere zur selektiven Komplexbildung mit Alkali- oder Erdalkali-Metallionen geeignet.With regard to the ionic liquids of the present invention, a variant is included, in which these contain an additive to improve the solubility of the cations, which can also act as a complexing agent. Crown ethers or their cryptands and organic complexing agents, such as, for example, EDTA, are provided in this context. From the range of suitable crown ethers, those which have an oxygen number of between 4 and 10 have proved suitable. The likewise suitable special forms of crown ethers, namely the so-called cryptands, are particularly suitable for the selective complex formation with alkali or alkaline-earth metal ions.

Die erfindungsgemäß mitverwendeten ionischen Flüssigkeiten setzen sich aus mindestens einer quartären Stickstoff- und/oder Phosphorverbindung und mindestens einem Anion zusammen und ihr Schmelzpunkt liegt unterhalb ca. + 250 °C, vorzugsweise unterhalb ca. + 150 °C, insbesondere unterhalb ca. +100°C. Die Mischungen von ionischen Flüssigkeiten und Lösemittel ist bei Raumtemperatur flüssig.The ionic liquids used according to the invention are composed of at least one quaternary nitrogen and / or phosphorus compound and at least one anion and their melting point is below about + 250 ° C., preferably below about + 150 ° C., in particular below about + 100 ° C. The mixtures of ionic liquids and solvents is liquid at room temperature.

Die in der erfindungsgemäßen Bodendickbeschichtung bevorzugt eingesetzten ionischen Flüssigkeiten bestehen aus mindestens einem Kation der allgemeinen Formeln:

        R1R2R3R4N+     (I)

        R1R2N+=CR3R4     (II)

        R1R2R3R4P+     (III)

        R1R2P+=CR3R4     (IV)

in denen R1,R2,R3,R4 gleich oder unterschiedlich sind und Wasserstoff, einen linearen oder verzweigten gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden cycloaliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 5 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 6 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen Alkylarylrest mit 7 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen durch ein oder mehrere Heteroatome (Sauerstoff, NH, NR' mit R' gleich einem gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden C1-C30-Alkylrest, insbesondere -CH3) unterbrochenen linearen oder verzweigten gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 2 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen durch eine oder mehrere Funktionalitäten, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe -O-C (O)-, -(O)C-O-, -NH-C(O)-, -(O)C-NH, -(CH3)N-C(O)-, -(O)C-N(CH3)-, -S (O2)-O-, -O-S(O2)-, -S(O2)-NH-, -NH-S(O2)-, -S(O2)-N(CH3)-, -N(CH3)-S(O2)-, unterbrochenen linearen oder verzweigten, gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 2 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen endständig OH, OR', NH2, N(H)R', N(R')2 (mit R' gleich einem gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden C1-C30-Alkylrest) funktionalisierten linearen oder verzweigten gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden aliphatischen oder cycloaliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen oder einen blockweise oder statistisch aufgebauten Polyether gemäß -(R5-O)n-R6 bedeuten, wobei R5 ein 2 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatome enthaltender linearer oder verzweigter Kohlenwasserstoffrest, n 1 bis 100, vorzugsweise 2 bis 60, ist und R6 Wasserstoff, einen linearen oder verzweigten gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden cycloaliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 5 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 6 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen Alkylarylrest mit 7 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen bedeutet oder ein Rest -C(O)-R7 mit R7 gleich einem linearen oder verzweigten gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, einem gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden cycloaliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 5 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, einem aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 6 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, einem Alkylarylrest mit 7 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen ist.
The ionic liquids preferably used in the floor thick coating according to the invention consist of at least one cation of the general formulas:

R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 N + (I)

R 1 R 2 N + = CR 3 R 4 (II)

R 1 R 2 R 3 R 4 P + (III)

R 1 R 2 P + = CR 3 R 4 (IV)

in which R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 are identical or different and are hydrogen, a linear or branched optionally double bonds containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical optionally containing double bonds having from 5 to 40 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having from 7 to 40 carbon atoms, a C 1 -C 30 - radical containing one or more heteroatoms (oxygen, NH, NR 'with R' equal to an optionally double bond ) . Alkyl radical, especially -CH 3 ) interrupted linear or branched optionally double bonds containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, one by one or more functionalities selected from the group -OC (O) -, - (O) CO-, -NH- C (O) -, - (O) C-NH, - (CH 3 ) NC (O) -, - (O) CN (CH 3 ) -, -S (O 2 ) -O-, -OS (O 2 ) -, -S (O 2 ) -NH-, -NH-S (O 2 ) -, -S (O 2 ) -N (CH 3 ) -, -N (CH 3 ) -S (O 2 ) -, interrupted linear or branched, optionally double bonds containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, one terminal OH, OR ', NH 2 , N (H) R', N (R ') 2 (with R' equal to an optionally double bonds containing C 1 -C 30 Alkyl radical) functionalized linear or branched optionally double bonds containing aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or a blockwise or randomly constructed polyether according to - (R 5 -O) n -R 6 , wherein R 5 is a 2-4 carbon atoms containing linear or branched hydrocarbon radical, n is 1 to 100, preferably 2 to 60, and R 6 is hydrogen, a linear or branched optionally double bond-containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an optionally double-bond-containing cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 5 to 40 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical with 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having 7 to 40 carbon atoms, or a radical -C (O) -R 7 with R 7 is a linear or branched, optionally double bond-containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an optionally double bonds containing cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 5 to 40 carbon atoms, an aromatic Hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having 7 to 40 carbon atoms.

Als Kationen kommen ferner lonen in Betracht, die sich von gesättigten oder ungesättigten cyclischen Verbindungen sowie von aromatischen Verbindungen mit jeweils mindestens einem dreibindigen Stickstoffatom in einem 4- bis 10-, vorzugsweise 5- bis 6-gliedrigen heterocyclischen Ring ableiten, der gegebenenfalls substituiert sein kann. Solche Kationen lassen sich vereinfacht (d. h. ohne Angabe von genauer Lage und Zahl der Doppelbindungen im Molekül) durch die nachstehenden allgemeinen Formeln (V), (VI) und (VII) beschreiben, wobei die heterocyclischen Ringe gegebenenfalls auch mehrere Hetereoatome enthalten können.

Figure imgb0001
R1 und R2 besitzen dabei die vorgenannte Bedeutung, R ist ein Wasserstoff, ein linearer oder verzweigter gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltender aliphatischer Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, ein cycloaliphatischer gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltender Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 5 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, ein aromatischer Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 6 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen oder ein Alkylarylrest mit 7 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen.Further suitable cations are ions which are derived from saturated or unsaturated cyclic compounds and from aromatic compounds each having at least one trivalent nitrogen atom in a 4- to 10-, preferably 5- to 6-membered heterocyclic ring which may optionally be substituted , Such cations can be simplified (ie without specifying exact location and number of double bonds in the molecule) by the general formulas (V), (VI) and (VII) described below, wherein the heterocyclic rings may optionally contain a plurality of heteroatoms.
Figure imgb0001
R 1 and R 2 have the abovementioned meaning, R is a hydrogen, a linear or branched optionally double bonds containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic optionally double bonds containing hydrocarbon radical having 5 to 40 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 40 Carbon atoms or an alkylaryl radical having 7 to 40 carbon atoms.

Die cyclischen Stickstoffverbindungen der allgemeinen Formeln (V),(VI) und (VII) können unsubstituiert (R = H), einfach oder auch mehrfach durch den Rest R substituiert sein, wobei bei einer Mehrfachsubstitution durch R die einzelnen Reste R unterschiedlich sein können; X ist ein Sauerstoffatom, ein Schwefelatom oder ein substituiertes Stickstoffatom (X = O, S, NR1).The cyclic nitrogen compounds of the general formulas (V), (VI) and (VII) can be unsubstituted (R =H), monosubstituted or polysubstituted by the radical R, where in the case of a multiple substitution by R the individual radicals R can be different; X is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a substituted nitrogen atom (X = O, S, NR 1 ).

Beispiele für cyclische Stickstoffverbindungen der vorgenannten Art sind Pyrrolidin, Dihydropyrrol, Pyrrol, Imidazolin, Oxazolin, Oxazol, Thiazolin, Thiazol, Isoxazol, Isothiazol, Indol, Carbazol, Piperidin, Pyridin, die isomeren Picoline und Lutidine, Chinolin und iso-Chinolin.Examples of cyclic nitrogen compounds of the aforementioned type are pyrrolidine, dihydropyrrole, pyrrole, imidazoline, oxazoline, oxazole, thiazoline, thiazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, indole, carbazole, piperidine, pyridine, the isomeric picolines and lutidines, quinoline and iso-quinoline.

Als Kationen kommen weiterhin Ionen in Betracht, die sich von gesättigten acyclischen, gesättigten oder ungesättigten cyclischen Verbindungen sowie von aromatischen Verbindungen mit jeweils mehr als einem dreibindigen Stickstoffatom in einem 4- bis 10-, vorzugsweise 5- bis 6-gliedrigen heterocyclischen Ring ableiten. Diese Verbindungen können sowohl an den Kohlenstoffatomen als auch an den Stickstoffatomen substituiert sein. Sie können ferner durch, gegebenenfalls substituierte, Benzolringe und/oder Cyclohexanringe unter Ausbildung mehrkerniger Strukturen anneliert sein. Beispiele für solche Verbindungen sind Pyrazol, 3,5-Dimethylpyrazol, Imidazol, Benzimidazol, N-Methylimidazol, Dihydropyrazol, Pyrazolidin, Pyrazin, Pyridazin, Pyrimidin, 2,3-, 2,5- und 2,6-Dimethylpyrazin, Cimolin, Phthalazin, Chinazolin, Phenazin und Piperazin. Insbesondere vom Imidazol und seinen Alkyl- und Phenylderivaten abgeleitete Kationen der allgemeinen Formel (VIII) haben sich als Bestandteil ionischer Flüssigkeit bewährt.Further suitable cations are ions which are derived from saturated acyclic, saturated or unsaturated cyclic compounds and from aromatic compounds each having more than one trivalent nitrogen atom in a 4- to 10-, preferably 5- to 6-membered heterocyclic ring. These compounds may be substituted on both the carbon atoms and the nitrogen atoms. They may also be annelated by, optionally substituted, benzene rings and / or cyclohexane rings to form polynuclear structures. Examples of such compounds are pyrazole, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, N-methylimidazole, dihydropyrazole, pyrazolidine, pyrazine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, 2,3-, 2,5- and 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, cimoline, phthalazine , Quinazoline, phenazine and piperazine. In particular, cations of the general formula (VIII) derived from imidazole and its alkyl and phenyl derivatives have proven useful as constituents of ionic liquids.

Bevorzugte Kationen sind weiterhin solche, die zwei Stickstoffatome enthalten und durch die allgemeine Formel (VIII) wiedergegeben sind

Figure imgb0002
in denen R8,R9,R10,R11,R12 gleich oder unterschiedlich sind und Wasserstoff, einen linearen oder verzweigten gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen cycloaliphatischen gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 5 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 6 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen Alkylarylrest mit 7 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen durch ein oder mehrere Heteroatome (O, NH, NR' mit R' gleich einem gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden C1-C30-Alkylrest), unterbrochenen linearen oder verzweigten gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen durch ein oder mehrere Funktionalitäten, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe-O-C(O)-,-(O)C-O-,-NH-C(O)-,-(O)C-NH, -(CH3)N-C(O)-, -(O)C-N(CH3)-, -S(O2)-O-, -O-S(O2)-, -S(O2)-NH-, -NH-S(O2)-, -S(O2)-N(CH3)-, -N(CH3)-S(O2)-, unterbrochenen linearen oder verzweigten gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen endständig OH, OR', NH2, N(H)R', N(R')2 mit R' gleich einem gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden C1-C30-Alkylrest, funktionalisierten linearen oder verzweigten gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden aliphatischen oder cycloaliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen oder einen blockweise oder statistisch aufgebauten Polyether aufgebaut aus -(R5-O)n-R6 bedeuten, wobei R5ein 2 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatome enthaltender Kohlenwasserstoffrest, n =1 bis 100 ist und R6 Wasserstoff, einen linearen oder verzweigten gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen einen cycloaliphatischen gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 5 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 6 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, einen Alkylarylrest mit 7 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen bedeutet oder ein Rest -C(O)-R7 mit R7 gleich einem linearen oder verzweigten gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, einem gegebenenfalls Doppelbindungen enthaltenden cycloaliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 5 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, einem aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 6 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen, einem Alkylarylrest mit 7 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen ist.Preferred cations are furthermore those which contain two nitrogen atoms and are represented by the general formula (VIII)
Figure imgb0002
in which R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 are identical or different and hydrogen, a linear or branched optionally double bonds containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 Carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic optionally double bonds containing hydrocarbon radical having 5 to 40 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having 7 to 40 carbon atoms, one by one or more heteroatoms (O, NH, NR 'with R' equal to one C 1 -C 30 -alkyl radical containing double bonds), interrupted linear or branched optionally double bonds containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, one by one or more functionalities selected from the group-OC (O) -, - (O) CO- , -NH-C (O) -, - (O) C-NH, - (CH 3 ) NC (O) -, - (O) CN (CH 3 ) -, -S (O 2 ) -O-, -OS (O 2 ) -, -S (O 2 ) -NH-, -NH-S (O 2 ) -, -S (O 2 ) -N (CH 3 ) -, -N (CH 3 ) -S (O 2 ) -, interrupted linear or branched optionally double bonds containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, one terminal OH, OR ', NH 2 , N (H) R', N (R ') 2 mi t R 'is an optionally double bond-containing C 1 -C 30 -alkyl radical, functionalized linear or branched, optionally double bond-containing, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or a blockwise or randomly constructed polyether composed of - (R 5 -O) n - R 6 is where R 5 is a hydrocarbon radical containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms, n = 1 to 100 and R 6 is hydrogen, a linear or branched optionally double bond-containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms a cycloaliphatic optionally double bonds containing hydrocarbon radical having 5 to 40 Carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having 7 to 40 carbon atoms or a radical -C (O) -R 7 with R 7 is a linear or branched optionally double bonds containing aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an optionally double bonds containing cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 5 to 40 carbon atoms, an aromatic Hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having 7 to 40 carbon atoms.

Die erfindungsgemäß in der Bodendickbeschichtung enthaltenen ionischen Flüssigkeiten bestehen aus mindestens einem der vorgenannten Kationen, kombiniert mit jeweils mindestens einem Anion. Bevorzugte Anionen werden ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Halogenide, Bis(perfluoralkylsulfonyl)amide bzw. -imide wie z.B. Bis(trifluormethylsulfonyl)imid , Alkyl- und Aryltosylate, Perfluoralkyltosylate, Nitrat, Sulfat, Hydrogensulfat, Alkyl- und Arylsulfate, Polyethersulfate und -sulfonate, Perfluoralkylsulfate, Sulfonat, Alkyl- und Arylsulfonate, perfluorierte Alkyl- und Arylsulfonate, Alkyl- und Arylcarboxylate, Perfluoralkylcarboxylate, Perchlorat, Tetrachloroaluminat, Saccharinat. Weiterhin sind Anionen von Dicyanamid, Thiocyanat, Isothiocyanat, Tetraphenylborat, Tetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)borat, Tetrafluoroborat, Hexafluorophosphat, Polyetherphosphate und Phosphat als ebenfalls bevorzugt anzusehen.The ionic liquids according to the invention contained in the floor thickness coating consist of at least one of the aforementioned cations, combined with in each case at least one anion. Preferred anions are selected from the group of halides, bis (perfluoroalkylsulfonyl) amides or imides such as e.g. Bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, alkyl and aryl tosylates, perfluoroalkyl tosylates, nitrate, sulfate, hydrogensulfate, alkyl and aryl sulfates, polyether sulfates and sulfonates, perfluoroalkyl sulfates, sulfonate, alkyl and aryl sulfonates, perfluorinated alkyl and aryl sulfonates, alkyl and aryl carboxylates, perfluoroalkyl carboxylates , Perchlorate, tetrachloroaluminate, saccharinate. Furthermore, anions of dicyanamide, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, tetraphenylborate, tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, polyether phosphates and phosphate are also to be regarded as preferred.

Entscheidend ist, dass in der gebrauchsfertigen Mischung, die erfindungsgemäß als Antistatikum in der Bodendickbeschichtung enthalten ist, die Komponenten (ionische Flüssigkeit(en) + Leitsalz(e) + Lösemittel) in einer ausreichenden Menge vorhanden sind, so dass die Mischung einen möglichst hohen Anteil an Leitsalz(en) enthält und vorzugsweise bei < 100 °C, besonders bevorzugt bei Raumtemperatur flüssig ist.It is crucial that the components (ionic liquid (s) + conductive salt (s) + solvent) are present in the ready-to-use mixture, which is contained according to the invention as an antistatic agent in the soil thick coating, in a sufficient amount, so that the mixture is as high as possible containing conductive salt (s) and is preferably liquid at <100 ° C, more preferably at room temperature.

Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt sind solche Bodendickbeschichtungen, die als ionische Flüssigkeiten bzw. deren Mischungen solche Kombination enthalten, bei denen das Kation aus der Reihe 1,3-Dialkylimidazolium-, 1,2,3-Trialkylimidazolium-, 1,3-Dialkylimidazolinium- und 1,2,3-Trialkyl-imidazoliniumkations stammt und bei denen das Anion ausgewählt wird aus der Gruppe der Halogenide, Bis(trifluormethylsulfonyl)imid, Perfluoralkyltosylate, Alkylsulfate und -sulfonate, perfluorierte Alkylsulfonate und -sulfate, Perfluoralkylcarboxylate, Perchlorat, Dicyanamid, Thiocyanat, Isothiocyanat, Tetraphenylborat, Tetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)borat, Tetrafluoroborat, Hexafluorophosphat darstellen. Darüber hinaus können auch einfache, kommerziell erhältliche, azyklische quarternärePreference according to the invention is given to those thick-walled coatings which comprise, as ionic liquids or mixtures thereof, those combinations in which the cation is selected from the series consisting of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium, 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium, 1,3-dialkylimidazolinium and 1, 2,3-trialkylimidazolinium cation and in which the anion is selected from the group of halides, bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, perfluoroalkyl tosylates, alkyl sulfates and sulfonates, perfluorinated alkyl sulfonates and sulfates, perfluoroalkyl carboxylates, perchlorate, dicyanamide, thiocyanate, Isothiocyanate, tetraphenylborate, tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate. In addition, simple, commercially available, acyclic quaternary

Ammoniumsalze wie z.B. TEGO® IL T16ES, TEGO® IL K5MS oder auch Rezol Heqams (Produkte der Goldschmidt GmbH) eingesetzt werden.Ammonium salts such as TEGO ® IL T16ES, TEGO ® IL K5MS or Rezol Heqams (products of Goldschmidt GmbH) are used.

Im Allgemeinen werden mit Mischungen, bestehend aus einem Mischungsverhältnis von ionischer Flüssigkeit zu Alkalimetallsalz im Bereich von 1: 10 bis 10 : 1, deutliche Erniedrigungen der Oberflächenwiderstände erhalten. In einer solchen Mischung sollte das Alkalimetallsalz mit-einem Anteil von 0,1 bis 75 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise mit einem Anteil von 0,5 bis 50 Gew.%, besonders bevorzugt mit einem Anteil von 5 bis 30 Gew.-% enthalten sein.In general, with blends consisting of a mixing ratio of ionic liquid to alkali metal salt in the range from 1:10 to 10: 1, significant reductions in the surface resistances are obtained. In such a mixture, the alkali metal salt should contain at a proportion of 0.1 to 75 wt .-%, preferably in a proportion of 0.5 to 50 wt.%, Particularly preferably in a proportion of 5 to 30 wt .-% be.

Die erfindungsgemäß in der Bodendickbeschichtung mit verwendeten Salze sind die auf diesem Gebiet üblicherweise verwendeten einfachen oder komplexen Verbindungen, wie beispielsweise insbesondere Alkalimetallsalze der Anionen: Bis(perfluoralkylsulfonyl)amid bzw. -imid wie z.B. Bis(trifluormethylsulfonyl)imid, Alkyl- und Aryltosylate, Perfluoralkyltosylate, Nitrat, Sulfat, Hydrogensulfat, Alkyl- und Arylsulfate, Polyethersulfate und -sulfonate, Perfluoralkylsulfate, Sulfonat, Alkyl- und Arylsulfonate, perfluorierte Alkyl- und Arylsulfonate, Alkyl- und Arylcarboxylate, Perfluoralkylcarboxylate, Perchlorat, Tetrarchloroaluminat, Saccharinat, vorzugsweise Anionen der Verbindungen Thiocyanat, Isothiocyanat, Dicyanamid, Tetraphenylborat, Tetrakis(pentafluorphenyl) borat, Tetrafluoroborat, Hexafluorophosphat, Phosphat und Polyetherphosphate.The salts used in the soil thickening coating according to the invention are the simple or complex compounds customarily used in this field, such as in particular alkali metal salts of the anions: bis (perfluoroalkylsulfonyl) amide or imide such as e.g. Bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, alkyl and aryl tosylates, perfluoroalkyl tosylates, nitrate, sulfate, hydrogensulfate, alkyl and aryl sulfates, polyether sulfates and sulfonates, perfluoroalkyl sulfates, sulfonate, alkyl and aryl sulfonates, perfluorinated alkyl and aryl sulfonates, alkyl and aryl carboxylates, perfluoroalkyl carboxylates , Perchlorate, Tetrarchloroaluminat, saccharinate, preferably anions of the compounds thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, dicyanamide, tetraphenylborate, tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, phosphate and polyether phosphates.

Bevorzugte Mischungen sind insbesondere solche, die als Alkalimetallsalz NaSCN bzw. NaN(CN)2 und KPF6 und ein Imidazolinium- bzw. Imidazoliumsalz, vorzugsweise 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumethylsulfat, 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumhexafluoroposphat und als ionische Flüssigkeit 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumethylsulfat /NaN(CN)2oder 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumhexafluoroposphat /NaN(CN)2.Particularly preferred mixtures are those which contain as the alkali metal salt NaSCN or NaN (CN) 2 and KPF 6 and an imidazolinium or imidazolium salt, preferably 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophorate and as ionic liquid 1. ethyl-3-methylimidazolium / NaN (CN) 2 or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate / NaN (CN) 2 .

Die vorliegende Erfindung sieht Varianten vor, bei denen die Beschichtungsmatrix der beanspruchten Bodendickbeschichtung aus mindestens einem Polyurethan, Epoxidharz, Polyesterharz, Acrylat, Methacrylat oder Vinylester besteht. Außerdem sieht die vorliegende Erfindung vor, dass die Beschichtungsmatrix der Bodendickbeschichtung Füllstoffe und/oder Pigmente enthält, die vorzugsweise leitfähigen Eigenschaften aufweisen. Hier kommen insbesondere Karbonfasern wie z. B. auf Basis PAN, Pech und Reyon, Graphit, Russ, Metalloxide und Metalllegierungsoxide in Frage. Ebenfalls geeignet sind Füllstoffe und Pigmente, die mit Komponenten beschichtet sind, die ihnen leitfähige Eigenschaften verleihen. Auch in diesem Fall sind Graphite, Russe und Metalloxide beziehungsweise Metalllegierungsoxide besonders geeignet.The present invention provides variants in which the coating matrix of the claimed floor-thick coating consists of at least one polyurethane, epoxy resin, polyester resin, acrylate, methacrylate or vinyl ester. In addition, the present invention provides that the coating matrix of the bottom thick coating contains fillers and / or pigments which preferably have conductive properties. Here come in particular carbon fibers such. B. based on PAN, pitch and rayon, graphite, carbon black, metal oxides and metal alloy oxides in question. Also suitable are fillers and pigments coated with components that impart conductive properties. Also in this case, graphites, carbon blacks and metal oxides or metal alloy oxides are particularly suitable.

Die beanspruchte Bodendickbeschichtung ist nicht auf spezielle Formulierungen beschränkt, die die antistatische Komponente in definierten Verbindungen enthält. Allerdings empfiehlt es sich, die antistatische Komponente in Mengen der Bodendickbeschichtung zuzumischen, die zwischen 0,01 und 30 Gew.-% und vorzugsweise zwischen 0,1 und 20 Gew.-% liegen.The claimed floor thickening coating is not limited to special formulations containing the antistatic component in defined compounds. However, it is advisable to mix the antistatic component in amounts of soil thick coating, which are between 0.01 and 30 wt .-% and preferably between 0.1 and 20 wt .-%.

Entsprechend ihrer Bezeichnung als Bodendickbeschichtung sollte das beanspruchte System eine Schichtdicke aufweisen, die besonders bevorzugt zwischen 2 und 4 mm beträgt. Generell kann die Schichtdicke der neuen Bodendickbeschichtung eine Untergrenze von 0,2 cm aufweisen, wobei Obergrenzen von bis zu 2,0 cm, bevorzugt bis 1,0 cm und besonders bevorzugt bis 6mm ebenfalls als geeignet anzusehen sind.According to its designation as a floor-thick coating, the claimed system should have a layer thickness which is particularly preferably between 2 and 4 mm. In general, the layer thickness of the new floor thick coating may have a lower limit of 0.2 cm, with upper limits of up to 2.0 cm, preferably up to 1.0 cm and particularly preferably up to 6 mm also being considered suitable.

Der Härtebereich für leichte bis mittlere mechanische Beanspruchung liegt üblicherweise zwischen 65 bis 80 Shore D. Die Mindesthärte für begehbare Flächen ist vorzugsweise Shore A 75.The hardness range for light to medium mechanical stress is usually between 65 to 80 Shore D. The minimum hardness for walkable surfaces is preferably Shore A 75.

Neben der Bodendickbeschichtung selbst umfasst die vorliegend Erfindung auch deren Verwendung im bauchemischen Bereich und insbesondere für Montagehallen und Gewerbebauten der Elektronik- und Elektroindustrie. Außerdem eignen sich die beanspruchten Bodendickbeschichtungen für Gebäude und ganz allgemein für Anwendungsbereiche, die mit Gefahren durch elektrostatische Aufladungen verbunden sind und die deshalb auch einen besonderen Explosionsschutz erfordern.In addition to the floor thick coating itself, the present invention also includes their use in the construction chemical sector and in particular for assembly halls and commercial buildings in the electronics and electrical industries. In addition, the claimed floor thick coatings are suitable for buildings and more generally for applications that are associated with risks from electrostatic charges and therefore also require special explosion protection.

Insgesamt zeichnen sich die beschriebenen Dickbeschichtungen dadurch aus, dass sie sich kaum mehr elektrostatisch aufladen, wobei sie insbesondere durch die passgenaue Kombination der in ihnen enthaltenen Additive mit weiteren leitfähigen Komponenten dem jeweiligen Verwendungszweck genau angepasst werden können. Aufgrund der spezifischen Inhaltsstoffe sind diese Bodendickbeschichtungen preisgünstig herzustellen und auch in Anwendungsgebieten einsetzbar, für die bislang nur dünnschichtige Lacke als geeignet erschienen.Overall, the described thick coatings are characterized by the fact that they hardly charge any more electrostatically, and they can be precisely adapted to the particular intended use in particular by the exact combination of the additives contained in them with other conductive components. Due to the specific ingredients, these floor thick coatings are inexpensive to manufacture and can also be used in applications for the previously appeared only thin-layer paints suitable.

Die nachfolgenden Beispiele verdeutlichen die Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung.The following examples illustrate the advantages of the present invention.

Beispiele:Examples:

In den erfindungsgemäßen Rezepturen 4 und 5 wurden Antistatika der folgenden Zusammensetzung verwendet:
Die synergistische Mischung aus ionischer Flüssigkeit, Leitsalz und organischem Lösemittel wurde mit Hilfe eines Magnetrührers hergestellt. Für das Antistatikum 1 wurden die Komponenten Ethyl-bis(polyethoxyethanol)-talgalkylammoniumethylsulfat (Tego® IL T16ES) als ionische Flüssigkeit äquimolar mit Calciumthiocyanat als Leitsalz gemischt. Als Antistatikum 2 wurde eine äquimolare Mischung, bestehend aus 1,3-Dimethylimidazoliummethylsulfat als ionische Flüssigkeit und Lithium-bis (trifluormethylsulfonyl)imid als Leitsalz eingesetzt.
Die Epoxidharz-Komponente war auf Basis Glycidylpolyether von 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan (Bisphenol A). Als Reaktivverdünner diente Ethyltriglycolmethacrylat (ETMA). Rezeptur 1 (Vergleich) Epoxidharz - 37 Gew.Teile Reaktiwerdünner - 5 Gew.Teile Benzylalkohol - 7,3 Gew.Teile Kreide/SiO2 (Füllstoff) - 49 Gew.Teile Tego Airex 940 - 1,5 Gew.Teile (Entlüfter/Entschäumer) Kohlenstofffaser - 0,2 Gew.Teile Antistatikum - ohne Rezeptur 2 (Vergleich) Epoxidharz - 37 Gew.Teile Reaktiwerdünner - 5 Gew.Teile Benzylalkohol - 5,5 Gew.Teile Kreide/SiO2 (Füllstoff) - 34 Gew.Teile Tego Airex 940 - 1,5 Gew.Teile (Entlüfter/Entschäumer) Kohlenstofffaser - ohne Leitfähiger Füllstoff - 15 Gew.Teile Antistatikum - ohne Rezeptur 3 (Vergleich) Epoxidharz - 37 Gew.Teile Reaktiwerdünner - 5 Gew.Teile Benzylalkohol - 5,5 Gew.Teile Kreide/SiO2 - 34 Gew.Teile (Füllstoff) Tego Airex 940 - 1,5 Gew.Teile (Entlüfter/Entschäumer) Kohlenstofffaser - 0,2 Gew.Teile Leitfähiger Füllstoff - 15 Gew.Teile Antistatikum - ohne Rezeptur 4 Epoxidharz - 37 Gew.Teile Reaktiwerdünner - 5 Gew.Teile Benzylalkohol - 5,3 Gew.Teile Kreide/SiO2 (Füllstoff) - 49 Gew.Teile Tego Airex 940 - 1,5 Gew.Teile (Entlüfter/Entschäumer) Kohlenstofffaser - 0,2 Gew.Teile Antistatikum 1 - 2 Gew.Teile Rezeptur 5 Epoxidharz - 37 Gew.Teile Reaktiwerdünner - 5 Gew.Teile Benzylalkohol - 5,5 Gew.Teile Kreide/SiO2 (Entlüfter) - 49 Gew.Teile Tego Airex 940 - 1,5 Gew.Teile (Entlüfter/Entschäumer) Kohlenstofffaser - ohne Antistatikum2 - 2 Gew.Teile
Antistatic agents of the following composition were used in formulations 4 and 5 according to the invention:
The synergistic mixture of ionic liquid, conducting salt and organic solvent was produced by means of a magnetic stirrer. For the antistatic agent, the components were 1 ethyl bis (polyethoxyethanol) -talgalkylammoniumethylsulfat (Tego ® IL T16ES) as an ionic liquid equimolar mixed with calcium thiocyanate as supporting electrolyte. As antistatic agent 2, an equimolar mixture consisting of 1,3-dimethylimidazolium methyl sulfate as the ionic liquid and lithium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide as the conductive salt was used.
The epoxy resin component was based on glycidyl polyethers of 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (bisphenol A). The reactive diluents used were ethyltriglycol methacrylate (ETMA). Recipe 1 (comparison) epoxy resin - 37 parts by weight reactive - 5 parts by weight benzyl alcohol - 7.3 parts by weight Chalk / SiO2 (filler) - 49 parts by weight Tego Airex 940 - 1.5 parts by weight (Fan / defoamer) Carbon fiber - 0.2 parts by weight antistatic - without Recipe 2 (comparison) epoxy resin - 37 parts by weight reactive - 5 parts by weight benzyl alcohol - 5.5 parts by weight Chalk / SiO2 (filler) - 34 parts by weight Tego Airex 940 - 1.5 parts by weight (Fan / defoamer) Carbon fiber - without Conductive filler - 15 parts by weight antistatic - without Recipe 3 (comparison) epoxy resin - 37 parts by weight reactive - 5 parts by weight benzyl alcohol - 5.5 parts by weight Chalk / SiO2 - 34 parts by weight (Filler) Tego Airex 940 - 1.5 parts by weight (Fan / defoamer) Carbon fiber - 0.2 parts by weight Conductive filler - 15 parts by weight antistatic - without Recipe 4 epoxy resin - 37 parts by weight reactive - 5 parts by weight benzyl alcohol - 5.3 parts by weight Chalk / SiO2 (filler) - 49 parts by weight Tego Airex 940 - 1.5 parts by weight (Fan / defoamer) Carbon fiber - 0.2 parts by weight Antistatic 1 - 2 parts by weight Recipe 5 epoxy resin - 37 parts by weight reactive - 5 parts by weight benzyl alcohol - 5.5 parts by weight Chalk / SiO2 (deaerator) - 49 parts by weight Tego Airex 940 - 1.5 parts by weight (Fan / defoamer) Carbon fiber - without Antistatikum2 - 2 parts by weight

Alle Rezepturen wurden in stöchiometrischem Verhältnis mit einem aminischen Standardhärter des Typs Aradur 43 ausgehärtet und z. T. in unterschiedlichen Schichtdicken appliziert.
Als Leitlack diente ein wässriges Epoximaterial mit einem Oberflächenwiderstand im Bereich von 104 Ohm. Folgende Parameter wurden ermittelt: Schichtdicke Erdableitwiderstand Personenableitwiderstand Body Voltage Generation Decay Time Rezeptur 4 1,5 mm 104 Ohm 106 Ohm <50V < 0,5 sec 3,0 mm 104 Ohm 106 Ohm <50V < 0,5 sec 4,0 mm 104 Ohm 106 Ohm <50V < 0,5 sec Rezeptur 1 1,5 mm 104 Ohm 107 Ohm ∼ 500 V 3 sec 3,0 mm 104 Ohm 108 Ohm ∼ 500 V 4 sec Rezeptur 5 3,0 mm 108 Ohm 108 Ohm <50V < 0,5 sec Rezeptur 2 0,5 mm 107 Ohm 107 Ohm ∼100V < 1 sec 1,0 mm 108 Ohm 109 Ohm ∼ 150V < 1 sec Rezeptur 3 1,5 mm 104 Ohm 106 Ohm ∼ 150V < 1 sec 3,0 mm 106 Ohm 106 Ohm ∼ 200 V <2sec 4,0 mm 108 Ohm 109 Ohm ∼ 500 V < 4 sec
All formulations were cured in stoichiometric ratio with a standard amine type Aradur 43 hardener and z. T. applied in different thicknesses.
The conductive ink was an aqueous epoxy material having a surface resistance in the range of 10 4 ohms. The following parameters were determined: layer thickness Resistance to earth Wearer Body Voltage Generation Decay time Recipe 4 1.5 mm 10 4 ohms 10 6 ohms <50V <0.5 sec 3.0 mm 10 4 ohms 10 6 ohms <50V <0.5 sec 4.0 mm 10 4 ohms 10 6 ohms <50V <0.5 sec Recipe 1 1.5 mm 10 4 ohms 10 7 ohms ~ 500V 3 sec 3.0 mm 10 4 ohms 10 8 ohms ~ 500V 4 sec Recipe 5 3.0 mm 10 8 ohms 10 8 ohms <50V <0.5 sec Recipe 2 0.5 mm 10 7 ohms 10 7 ohms ~100V <1 sec 1.0 mm 10 8 ohms 10 9 ohms ~ 150V <1 sec Recipe 3 1.5 mm 10 4 ohms 10 6 ohms ~ 150V <1 sec 3.0 mm 10 6 ohms 10 6 ohms ~ 200V <2sec 4.0 mm 10 8 ohms 10 9 ohms ~ 500V <4 sec

Claims (13)

  1. High-build floor coating with antistatic properties, characterized in that it comprises, as antistatic component, solutions of metal salts in ionic liquids.
  2. High-build floor coating according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ionic liquid is composed of at least one cation of the general formulae (I) , (II) , (III) , (IV)

            R1R2R3R4N+     (I)

            R1R2N+=CR3R4     (II)

            R1R2R3R4P+     (III)

            R1R2P+=CR3R4     (IV)

    in which R1, R2 , R3, and R4 are identical or different and are hydrogen, a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 5 to 40 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having from 7 to 40 carbon atoms, a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 2 to 30 carbon atoms and having interruption by one or more heteroatoms (0, NH, NR', where R' is a C1-C30-alkyl radical, if appropriate containing double bonds, in particular -CH3) and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 2 to 30 carbon atoms and having interruption by one or more functionalities selected from the group of -O-C(O)-, -(O)C-O-, -NH-C(O)-, -(O)C-NH-, -(CH3)N-C(O)-, -(O)C-N(CH3)-, -S(O2)-O-, -O-S(O2)-, -S(O2)-NH-, -NH-S (O2)-, -S(O2)-N(CH3) -, -N(CH3)-S(O2) - and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, a linear or branched aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and having terminal functionalization by OH, OR', NH2, N(H)R', N(R')2, (where R' is a C1-C30-alkyl radical, if appropriate containing double bonds) and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, or a block- or random-structure polyether -(R5-O)n-R6,
    where
    R5 is a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms,
    n is from 1 to 100, preferably 2 to 60, and
    R6 is hydrogen or a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 5 to 40 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having from 7 to 40 carbon atoms, or a -C(O)-R7 radical, where
    R7 is a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 5 to 40 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or an alkylaryl radical having from 7 to 40 carbon atoms.
  3. High-build floor coating according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ionic liquids are composed of at least one cation of the general formulae (V), (VI), (VII)
    Figure imgb0005
    R is hydrogen, a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 5 to 40 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 40 carbon atoms or an alkylaryl radical having from 7 to 40 carbon atoms and
    R1 and R2 are as defined above and
    X can be an oxygen atom, a sulphur atom or a substituted nitrogen atom (X = O, S, NR1).
  4. High-build floor coating according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ionic liquids are composed of at least one cation of the general formula (VIII)
    Figure imgb0006
    in which
    R8, R9, R10, R11 and R12 are identical or different and are hydrogen, a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 5 to 40 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having from 7 to 40 carbon atoms, a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and having interruption by one or more heteroatoms (O, NH, NR', where R' is a C1-C30-alkyl radical, if appropriate containing double bonds) and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and having interruption by one or more functionalities selected from the group of -O-C(O)-, -(O)C-O-, -NH-C(O)-, -(O)C-NH-, -(CH3)N-C(O)-,-(O)C-N(CH3) -, -S(O2)-O-, -O-S(O2)-, -S (O2)-NH-, -NH-8 (O2)-, -S (O2) -N (CH3) -, -N (CH3) -S (O2) - and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, a linear or branched aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and having terminal functionalization by OH, OR', NH2, N(H)R', N(R')2 (where R' is a C1-C30-alkyl radical, if appropriate containing double bonds) and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, or a block- or random-structure polyether - (R5-O)n-R6,
    where
    R5 is a hydrocarbon radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms,
    n is from 1 to 100, and
    R6 is hydrogen or a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 5 to 40 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having from 7 to 40 carbon atoms, or a -C(O)-R7 radical, where
    R7 is a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 5 to 40 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, containing double bonds, an aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or an alkylaryl radical having from 7 to 40 carbon atoms.
  5. High-build floor coating according to any of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ionic liquids comprise at least one anion selected from the group of the halides, bis(perfluoroalkyl-sulphonyl)amides or -imides, bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide, alkyl- and aryltosylates, perfluoroalkyltosylates, nitrate, sulphate, hydrogensulphate, alkyl and aryl sulphates, polyether sulphates and polyethersulphonates, perfluoroalkyl sulphates, sulphonate, alkyl- and arylsulphonates, perfluorinated alkyl- and arylsulphonates, alkyl- and arylcarboxylates, perfluoroalkylcarboxylates, perchlorate, tetrachloroaluminate, saccharinate, anions of the compounds dicyanamide, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, tetraphenylborate, tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, polyether phosphates and phosphates.
  6. High-build floor coating according to any of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ionic liquids comprise at least one cation selected from the group of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium, 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium, 1,3-dialkylimidazolinium and 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolinium cation and comprise at least one anion selected from the group of the halides, bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide, perfluoroalkyltosylates, alkyl sulphates and alkylsulphonates, perfluorinated alkylsulphonates and perfluorinated alkyl sulphates, perfluoroalkylcarboxylates, perchlorate, dicyanamide, thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, tetraphenylborate, tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, acyclic quaternary ammonium salts.
  7. High-build floor coating according to any of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ionic liquids comprise at least one additive in the form of a compound which improves the solubility of the cation, or of a complexing agent, in particular a crown ether or its cryptands and/or EDTA.
  8. High-build floor coating according to any of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one salt has been dissolved in the ionic liquids and has been selected from the group of the alkali metal salts of the following anions: bis(perfluoroalkylsulphonyl)amide or -imide, e.g. bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide, alkyl- and aryltosylates, perfluoroalkyltosylates, nitrate, sulphate, hydrogensulphate, alkyl and aryl sulphates, polyether sulphates and polyethersulphonates, perfluoroalkylsulphates, sulphonate, alkyl- and arylsulphonates, perfluorinated alkyl- and arylsulphonates, alkyl-and arylcarboxylates, perfluoroalkylcarboxylates, perchlorate, tetrachloroaluminate, saccharinate, preferably anions of the following compounds: thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, dicyanamide, tetraphenylborate, tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)-borate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, phosphate and polyether phosphates.
  9. High-build floor coating according to any of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the coating matrix is composed of at least one polyurethane, epoxy resin, polyester resin, acrylate, methacrylate or vinyl ester.
  10. High-build floor coating according to any of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the coating matrix comprises fillers and/or pigments, preferably with conductive properties, e.g. carbon fibers, graphite, carbon black, metal (alloy) oxides and/or materials coated therewith which are fillers and/or pigments.
  11. High-build floor coating according to any of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the amounts of the antistatic component present are from 0.01 to 30 w.-% and preferably from 0.1 to 20 w.-%.
  12. High-build floor coating according to any of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that its layer thickness is up to 2.0 cm, preferably up to 1.0 cm, particularly preferably up to 6 mm and in particular from 2 to 4 mm.
  13. Use of the high-build floor coating according to any of Claims 1 to 12 in the construction chemistry sector and in particular for assembly areas and industrial buildings of the electronics and electrical industry and buildings and application sectors exposed to risks due to electrostatic charges.
EP07723948A 2006-04-04 2007-04-03 Thick floor coating having antistatic properties Active EP2001961B1 (en)

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