EP1998002A2 - Positionssensor zur Bestimmung des Betriebszustands eines Bohrlochwerkzeugs - Google Patents

Positionssensor zur Bestimmung des Betriebszustands eines Bohrlochwerkzeugs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1998002A2
EP1998002A2 EP08250636A EP08250636A EP1998002A2 EP 1998002 A2 EP1998002 A2 EP 1998002A2 EP 08250636 A EP08250636 A EP 08250636A EP 08250636 A EP08250636 A EP 08250636A EP 1998002 A2 EP1998002 A2 EP 1998002A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
devices
signal inducing
fixed member
movable member
insert
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08250636A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael J Foster
Kevin L Gray
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Weatherford Lamb Inc
Original Assignee
Weatherford Lamb Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Weatherford Lamb Inc filed Critical Weatherford Lamb Inc
Publication of EP1998002A2 publication Critical patent/EP1998002A2/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/128—Packers; Plugs with a member expanded radially by axial pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/09—Locating or determining the position of objects in boreholes or wells, e.g. the position of an extending arm; Identifying the free or blocked portions of pipes
    • E21B47/092—Locating or determining the position of objects in boreholes or wells, e.g. the position of an extending arm; Identifying the free or blocked portions of pipes by detecting magnetic anomalies
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B2200/00—Special features related to earth drilling for obtaining oil, gas or water
    • E21B2200/06—Sleeve valves

Definitions

  • a sliding sleeve typically includes a tubular outer housing having threaded connections at one or both ends for connection to a tubing string.
  • the outer housing also includes one or more flow ports therethrough.
  • a sleeve mechanism also known as an insert, is arranged to slide longitudinally within the outer housing.
  • the insert may have one or more flow ports therethrough.
  • the insert can be positioned to align the flow ports in the sleeve with the flow ports in the housing, which will allow fluid flow (either from inside out or outside in). Alternatively, the insert can be positioned so that the flow ports are not aligned, thereby preventing fluid flow.
  • the insert may not have flow ports, but may be arranged to either block the flow ports in the outer housing or not, thereby permitting flow or not.
  • the tool is a sliding sleeve having one or more magnets affixed to an outer housing and one or more magnets affixed to an insert.
  • a casing collar locator (CCL) or other instrument can be used to detect the relative positions of the housing magnets and the insert magnets. The relative position of the magnets can then be used to ascertain the position of the insert within the housing, and thus whether the sliding sleeve is in the open or closed condition.
  • CCL casing collar locator
  • other position indicators or signal inducing devices may be used. Examples of such devices include RFID devices, radioactive pills, ferromagnetic components, etc.
  • FIG. 1A shows a closed sliding sleeve having position indicators as described herein.
  • FIG. 1B shows an open sliding sleeve having position indicators as described herein.
  • FIG. 2 shows an output signal of a casing collar locator (CCL) when run past a sliding sleeve having position indicators as described herein.
  • CCL casing collar locator
  • FIGS. 3A-3B shows a downhole apparatus in two operational conditions and having position indicators as described herein.
  • FIGS. 1A-1B An exemplary sliding sleeve 100 is illustrated in FIGS. 1A-1B .
  • the closed condition of sliding sleeve 100 is illustrated in FIG. 1A
  • the open condition is illustrated in FIG. 1B .
  • Sliding sleeve 100 includes an outer housing 110 and a sleeve mechanism or insert 120 disposed therein.
  • the outer housing 110 may be comprised of upper and lower sections and an intermediate section all coupled together.
  • a plurality of flow ports 112/122 are disposed in the housing 110 and the insert 120. (It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the flow ports in insert 120 are not strictly necessary, depending on the design of the sliding sleeve.)
  • the sliding sleeve 100 may be closed by moving insert 120 longitudinally within housing 110 so that the flow ports 112/122 are not aligned (as shown).
  • the sliding sleeve 100 may be opened by moving insert 120 longitudinally within housing 110 to align flow ports 112/122.
  • Exemplary sliding sleeve types include the OptiSIeeveTM family of sliding sleeves available from Weatherford International Ltd., although other sliding sleeve types may also be used.
  • sliding sleeve's condition i.e., opened or closed.
  • magnets disposed in predetermined positions on sliding sleeve 100 to allow casing collar locator (CCL) tools or other magnetically-sensitive instruments, such as a simple wire coil, Hall effect sensor, GMR (giant magnetoresistive effect) device, etc.
  • CCL casing collar locator
  • GMR giant magnetoresistive effect
  • the CCL tool is a magnetic device that is sensitive to the increased mass of metal located at a casing or tubing collar in a well.
  • the CCL may be run through tubing on an electric line ("E-line"), in which it is connected to the surface by a cable including one or more electrical conductors that power the device and provide a communication path for the signals generated by the device.
  • E-line electric line
  • CCLs may be run as memory tools on slickline or coiled tubing.
  • a memory tool is self-contained and battery-operated. The tool records data as it is run through the well, and this data may be extracted by retrieving the tool and reading the data on the surface.
  • the magnetic flux lines of the transducer interact with the tubing.
  • the disruption of these flux lines by the increased thickness of material at the collars creates a current (or voltage) spike as the CCL tool passes the collar.
  • the depth at which these spikes occur are therefore indicative of the location of the various collars, etc.
  • magnets 130a-d located in or on the sliding sleeve 100 also interact with the magnetic sensing of a CCL tool. This interaction is then used to determine the opened or closed condition of the sliding sleeve 100 as described in greater detail below.
  • Sliding sleeve 100 illustrated in FIGS. 1A-1B illustrates one embodiment in which three magnets 130a-c are disposed in outer housing 110 and another magnet 130d disposed in insert 120.
  • the first magnets 130a-c in the outer housing 110 are preferably disposed at a known, predetermined distance from one another.
  • an output signal 200 is generated.
  • Output signal 200 has three peaks 203a-c induced by these three magnets 130a-c. Each of these three peaks 203a-c will appear separated by a time interval 210 that is a function of the known distance between the magnets 130a-c and the speed of the CCL tool through the sleeve 100.
  • the speed of the CCL tool can then be inferred.
  • the position of the insert 120 can be determined with relatively high precision, for example within about 0.1 inches. This determined position of the insert 120 then indicates whether the sliding sleeve 100 has a closed condition ( FIG. 1A ) or an opened condition ( FIG. 1B ).
  • the known spacing of the three magnets 130a-c can be used to determine the speed of the CCL with relatively high precision as it moves through the sliding sleeve 100, and this speed can then be used to determine the position of the insert 120.
  • the magnets 130a-d it is not strictly necessary for the magnets 130a-d to be arranged as shown. For example, only a single magnet may be used in the outer housing 110 if the speed of the CCL can be determined sufficiently accurately through other means. Alternatively, two, four, or other numbers of magnets can also be used. In other variations, multiple magnets could be included in the insert 120, with only a single magnet in the outer housing 110.
  • the magnets used in sliding sleeve 100 may take a variety of forms.
  • the magnets may be permanent magnets, such as rare earth magnets.
  • other types of permanent magnets or electromagnets could be used.
  • the strength of the magnets should be selected so that a distinct signal peak for each magnet will be detected by the CCL. If the magnets are too strong, the distinct peaks may appear as one wide peak, reducing or eliminating the precision of the position measurement.
  • the magnets in sliding sleeve 100 may be affixed to or embedded in outer housing 110 and insert 120 in a variety of ways.
  • magnets 130a-c for the housing 110 are positioned in recesses machined into the outer housing 110 and retained by set screws 132.
  • Other retention mechanisms such as adhesives, welded plugs, etc. are also possible.
  • insert 120 its magnet 140 is positioned in a machined recess and retained/covered with a welded plug, although, as with the outer housing 110, other retention mechanisms may also be used.
  • RFID Radio Frequency Identification
  • RFID devices could be affixed to the sliding sleeve 100 similarly to the magnets 130a-d described above.
  • An RFID reader could then be passed through the sleeve 100 to detect signals from the RFID devices and to use the detected signals in much the same way described above.
  • a potential added advantage of such an arrangement is that the RFID devices could include additional information, such as a unique identification (e.g., serial number) of the particular sliding sleeve, for example.
  • radioactive pills could be used for the signal inducing devices instead of magnets, and a radiation detector could be used in place of the CCL tool or other magnetic sensor.
  • Various nuclear devices are often used in the oilfield environment so much of the infrastructure necessary for dealing with nuclear materials is already be in place.
  • ferromagnetic components e.g., bolts, plugs, or the like, can be positioned within the sliding sleeve 100 in much the same way as the magnets described above. The presence of the ferromagnetic components in the otherwise non-ferromagnetic sliding sleeve 100 will cause a detectable change in a CCL tool or other magnetically sensitive device.
  • the position of an inset within an outer housing of a sliding sleeve has been determined to infer whether the sliding sleeve is either open or closed.
  • the signal inducing devices and position sensing techniques disclosed herein are applicable to various downhole apparatus, including, but not limited to, sliding sleeves, packers, plugs, and any other downhole tools having a fixed and a movable member.
  • FIGS. 3A-3B schematically illustrates one example of a downhole tool 300 having a fixed member 310 that couples to tubing (not shown) and having a movable member 320 on the tool 300 that is movable relative to the fixed member 310.
  • the fixed member 310 may be the housing of an openhole type packer
  • the movable member 320 may be the movable piston on the packer for actuating a sealing element 330.
  • the movable member 320 When the movable member 320 is actuated, it compresses the sealing element 330, which expands outward to seal against an annulus between the tool 300 and an outer casing (not shown).
  • signal inducing devices 130a-c are positioned a predetermined distance from one another and at a defined location on the movable member 320.
  • another signal inducing device 130d is positioned at a defined location on the fixed member 310.
  • the position of the movable member 320 relative to the fixed member 310 is determined based on an analysis of signals detected from the devices 130a-d by a detection tool passing through the tool 300. From this determined position, the operational condition of the tool 300 is inferred.
  • the movable piston e.g., 310
  • the movable piston may be moved from a first unactuated position to a second actuated position that is anywhere up to 20-inches from the first position, for example.
  • the condition of the packer i.e., whether the packer is fully or partially actuated or how much the sealing element 330 had to expand to seal in the openhole. This information can then be used for various purposes.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
EP08250636A 2007-03-28 2008-02-25 Positionssensor zur Bestimmung des Betriebszustands eines Bohrlochwerkzeugs Withdrawn EP1998002A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US90861607P 2007-03-28 2007-03-28

Publications (1)

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EP1998002A2 true EP1998002A2 (de) 2008-12-03

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US (1) US20080236819A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1998002A2 (de)
CA (1) CA2622044A1 (de)

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US20080236819A1 (en) 2008-10-02

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