EP1997972B1 - Verbesserter Mechanismus zur Verbindung eines Rohrs mit einem Knoten einer dreidimensionalen Struktur - Google Patents

Verbesserter Mechanismus zur Verbindung eines Rohrs mit einem Knoten einer dreidimensionalen Struktur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1997972B1
EP1997972B1 EP20080386009 EP08386009A EP1997972B1 EP 1997972 B1 EP1997972 B1 EP 1997972B1 EP 20080386009 EP20080386009 EP 20080386009 EP 08386009 A EP08386009 A EP 08386009A EP 1997972 B1 EP1997972 B1 EP 1997972B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bolt
sleeve
conical end
pin
bearing surface
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP20080386009
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1997972A3 (de
EP1997972A2 (de
Inventor
George A. Gamanis
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Individual
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Publication of EP1997972A2 publication Critical patent/EP1997972A2/de
Publication of EP1997972A3 publication Critical patent/EP1997972A3/de
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Publication of EP1997972B1 publication Critical patent/EP1997972B1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B1/1903—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/1906—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor with central spherical, semispherical or polyhedral connecting element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1927—Struts specially adapted therefor of essentially circular cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1957—Details of connections between nodes and struts
    • E04B2001/196—Screw connections with axis parallel to the main axis of the strut

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an improved mechanism having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Mechanisms of this type are well known. They are useful for the construction of space frames of any structural form, e.g. for buildings.
  • the main advantage of mechanisms of this type is that there are no openings through the walls of the structural components of the tubular framework members, e.g. relatively large openings through the walls of the conical end, for the insertion of the bolts, and longitudinal slotted holes through the walls of the sleeve, for the passing through of the pin and for the longitudinal movement of the bolt with the pin with respect to the sleeve, as is shown in Figures 1 , 2 , 3 and 5 of document DE 901955 .
  • the longitudinal slotted holes through the walls of the sleeve reduce the ultimate compression resistance of the sleeve. In this case, it is possible to have premature failure of the sleeve due to plastic buckling.
  • the longitudinal slotted holes through the walls of the sleeve expose the most highly stressed portion of the bolt to the environment; thus it is possible for dust and water to collect between the bolt and the walls of the sleeve.
  • the presence of specific chemical compounds in the environment e.g. aqueous electrolytes, particularly when containing H 2 S, may induce cracking of the bolt.
  • This cracking stress-corrosion cracking
  • Document GR 1004166 discloses a mechanism which comprises the features of the preamble of claim 1; and document EP 0557235 B1 discloses a mechanism comprising features contained in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Incomplete (i.e. less than the required) length of engagement in the threaded assembly is likely to happen under the following possible conditions: when the length of the internal thread of the node connector has been manufactured to a length shorter than the required length of engagement, when there is a manufacturing error, or damage, in the internal thread of the node connector or in the external thread of the bolt, or when the erection worker has not fully screwed the bolt into the threaded hole of the node connector. If this occurs in the assembled space frame, the corresponding mechanism cannot carry tension; and, when the space frame is loaded, the redistribution of internal forces may overload neighboring tubular framework members.
  • the bolt with the pin If failure of the threaded assembly should occur, it is preferable for the bolt with the pin to break rather than to have either the external or internal thread stripped; and the length of engagement of mating threads should be sufficient to carry the full load necessary to break the bolt without the threads stripping. This length determines the required length of engagement to prevent stripping of either the external or internal thread in mechanisms of this type.
  • Another object is to provide an improved mechanism which solves the connection problem of the pipe in a simple, economical and aesthetic manner; and this with a minimum number of different components.
  • Still another object is to provide an improved mechanism with increased structural reliability.
  • the structure according to Figure 1 is called a three-dimensional structure or space frame and comprises the node connectors 1 and the tubular framework members 30.
  • the three-dimensional structure according to Figure 1 is useful for the construction of wide span roofs in buildings, such as exhibition pavilions, airport halls, covered sports facilities, shopping centers, training centers, museums, etc.
  • the node connectors 1 are spherical, with partial flat bearing surfaces 11, distributed on their outer surface, having radial threaded holes 10.
  • Each tubular framework member 30 comprises one metal pipe 9 and two improved mechanisms 12, fixed to the ends of the metal pipe 9, which connect the ends of the metal pipe 9 to the node connectors 1.
  • Each improved mechanism 12 comprises a bolt 8, a pin 4, a sleeve 3, a socket set screw 2 and a conical end 7.
  • the bolt 8 has a hole for the passing through of the pin 4 and a radial groove 18, preferably cylindrical with a bottom which has the form of a spherical cap.
  • the axis 5 of the radial groove 18 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 15 of the bolt 8; and is in the same plane with the longitudinal axis 15 of the bolt 8.
  • the sleeve 3 has a front bearing surface 23, a rear bearing surface 13, a longitudinal hole for the passing through of the bolt 8, two opposite longitudinal grooves 14, on the walls of the longitudinal hole, where the ends of the pin 4 move, and a radial threaded hole 20 of small diameter, which has the same circumferential position with either one of the two opposite longitudinal grooves 14, the axis 6 of which is approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 15 of the bolt 8 and is in the same plane with the longitudinal axis 15 of the bolt 8.
  • the small diameter radial threaded hole 20 is very close to the rear bearing surface 13 of the sleeve 3.
  • the socket set screw 2 is screwed through the radial threaded hole 20.
  • the conical end 7 has a longitudinal hole 17 for the passing through of the bolt 8 and is welded to the pipe 9 with a circumferential weld 16 which has preferably been ground.
  • the bolt 8, the sleeve 3, the conical end 7 and the pipe 9 have a common longitudinal axis 15.
  • This common longitudinal axis 15 is the longitudinal axis of the tubular framework member 30.
  • the axis 5 of the radial groove 18 and the axis 6 of the radial threaded hole 20 are configured to have the same circumferential position, and the same longitudinal position exactly when the bolt 8 is fully screwed and the bolt head 19 is in contact with the rear bearing surface 29 of the conical end 7, as is shown in Figure 3 .
  • the bolt head 19 is in contact with the internal end 29 of tubular framework member 30.
  • the front bearing surface 28 of the conical end 7 is in contact with the rear bearing surface 13 of the sleeve 3 and the front bearing surface 23 of the sleeve 3 is in contact with the flat bearing surface 11 of the node connector 1 of the space frame.
  • Figure 4 also shows another embodiment of the improved mechanism 12 according to the present invention, in which the sleeve 3 is configured so that, when the bolt 8 is at its rearmost position with respect to the conical end 7, and the rear bearing surface 13 of the sleeve 3 is in contact with the conical end 7, the front end 22 of the bolt 8 is flush with the front bearing surface 23 of the sleeve 3.
  • This embodiment allows for the replacement of the tubular framework member 30, e.g. in case of damage or assembly error during erection, when the tubular framework member 30 is located between two node connectors 1 which have constant distance in space, i.e. their relative positions in space with respect to time remain constant, provided that the tubular framework member 30 has not been loaded.
  • pipe 9 In order to assemble the tubular framework member 30 between two node connectors 1 of constant distance, pipe 9 has a relatively small - with respect to the diameter of the pipe 9 - opening 26 so that by using a suitable tool, e.g. a long, and of small size, Allen wrench, a gentle force can be applied to the head of the bolt 8, so that the front end 22 of the bolt 8 comes into contact with the threaded hole 10 of the node connector 1 for the start of the bolt screwing. After the assembly of the space frame, the relatively small opening 26 is sealed using a plug 27 or by any other appropriate manner.
  • a suitable tool e.g. a long, and of small size, Allen wrench
  • the improved mechanism of Figure 4 is useful for the construction of space frames of any structural form, e.g. cylindrical, spherical or free-form.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Verbesserter Mechanismus (12) zur Verbindung eines Rohrs (9) mit einem Knoten (1) einer dreidimensionalen Struktur, umfassend:
    - einen Bolzen (8) mit einem Stift (4), wobei der genannte Bolzen (8) eine Bohrung für den Durchgang des genannten Stifts (4) hat;
    - eine Muffe (3) konfiguriert um den genannten Stift (4) zu drehen, wobei die genannte Muffe (3) eine radiale Gewindebohrung (20) hat und nur zwei gegenüberliegende Längsnuten (14) wo sich die Enden des genannten Stifts (4) bewegen, genannte radiale Gewindebohrung (20) hat die gleiche Umfangs position mit jeweils einer der genannten zwei gegenüberliegenden Längsnuten (14);
    - ein Gewindestift (2) durch die genannte radiale Gewindebohrung (20) geschraubt;
    - ein konisches Ende (7) an genanntem Rohr (9) befestigt, wobei das genannte konische Ende (7) ein Langloch (17) für den Durchgang des genannten Bolzens (8) hat;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    - genannter Bolzen (8) eine Radialnut (18) hat zwischen genannter Bohrung für den Durchgang des genannten Stifts (4) und dem Bolzenkopf (19), genannte Radialnut (18) geformt ist durch Volumensubtraktion eines Körpers vom Volumen des genannten Bolzens (8), genannter Körper umfassend einen Rotationskörper; und
    - genannte Radialnut (18) und genannte radiale Gewindebohrung (20) die gleiche Umfangsposition haben; und die gleiche Längsposition genau wenn genannte Muffe (3) in Kontakt ist mit der vorderen Anlagefläche (28) des genannten konischen Endes (7), und genannter Bolzenkopf (19) in Kontakt ist mit der hinteren Anlagefläche (29) des genannten konischen Endes (7).
  2. Verbesserter Mechanismus (12) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass genannter Körper ferner eine Kugelkalotte umfasst.
  3. Verbesserter Mechanismus (12) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das hintere Ende (24) des genannten Gewindestifts (2) mindestens bündig ist mit der äußersten Umfangsoberfläche (25) der genannten Muffe (3), wenn das vordere Ende (21) des genannten Gewindestifts (2) eingesetzt ist in genannte Radialnut (18), wobei genanntes vorderes Ende (21) des genannten Gewindestifts (2) den Grund der genannten Radialnut (18) erreicht.
  4. Verbesserter Mechanismus (12) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Längsverschiebung des genannten Bolzens (8) gegenüber dem genannten konischen Ende (7) begrenzt ist:
    - durch den Kontakt des genannten Stifts (4) am genannten Gewindestift (2), wobei dem vorderen Ende (21) des genannten Gewindestifts (2) in die genannte Längsnut (14) hineinragt, und genannte Muffe (3) in Kontakt mit genannter vorderer Anlagefläche (28) des genannten konischen Endes (7) ist; und, in die entgegen gesetzte Richtung,
    - durch die Auflage des genannten Bolzenkopfs (19) an der hinteren Anlagefläche (29) des genannten konischen Endes (7).
  5. Verbesserter Mechanismus (12) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die maximale Längsverschiebung des genannten Bolzens (8) gegenüber dem konischen Ende (7) begrenzt ist:
    - durch den Kontakt des genannten Stifts (4) an genannter vorderer Anlagefläche (28) des genannten konischen Endes (7), wobei dem vorderen Ende (21) des genannten Gewindestifts (2) nicht in die genannte Längsnut (14) hineinragt; und in die entgegen gesetzte Richtung,
    - durch die Auflage des genannten Bolzenkopfs(19) an genannter hinterer Anlagefläche (29) des genannten konischen Endes (7).
  6. Verbesserter Mechanismus (12) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das vordere Ende (22) des genannten Bolzens (8) bündig ist mit der vorderen Anlagefläche (23) der genannten Muffe (3), wenn der genannte Stift (4) in Kontakt ist mit genannter vorderen Anlagefläche (28) vom genannten konischen Ende (7), wobei genannte Muffe (3) in Kontakt mit genannter vorderer Anlagefläche (28) von genanntem konischen Ende (7) ist.
  7. Verbesserter Mechanismus (12) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass genanntes Rohr (9) mindestens eine Radialbohrung (26) hat.
  8. Verbesserter Mechanismus (12) nach Anspruch 7 umfassend ferner eine Abdichtungseinrichtung (27) für genannte mindestens eine Radialbohrung (26).
EP20080386009 2007-05-29 2008-05-27 Verbesserter Mechanismus zur Verbindung eines Rohrs mit einem Knoten einer dreidimensionalen Struktur Active EP1997972B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GR20070100661A GR1005940B (el) 2007-05-29 2007-05-29 Μηχανισμος για τη συνδεση ενος σωληνα σε ενα κομβο τρισδιαστατων κατασκευων.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1997972A2 EP1997972A2 (de) 2008-12-03
EP1997972A3 EP1997972A3 (de) 2010-07-21
EP1997972B1 true EP1997972B1 (de) 2012-12-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20080386009 Active EP1997972B1 (de) 2007-05-29 2008-05-27 Verbesserter Mechanismus zur Verbindung eines Rohrs mit einem Knoten einer dreidimensionalen Struktur

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GR (1) GR1005940B (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110318461B (zh) * 2019-06-24 2024-04-12 太原理工大学 圆钢管支撑连接用螺栓鼓形球面壳节点
CN110318470A (zh) * 2019-07-24 2019-10-11 上海联创设计集团股份有限公司 螺栓球节点平板支座

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE901955C (de) 1950-07-23 1954-06-14 Mengeringhausen Max Bauelement fuer Fachwerke, insbesondere Gerueste aus Stahlrohren, mit Kupplungsvorrichtung
GB2240605B (en) * 1990-01-31 1993-07-28 Yoshida Kogyo Kk Three dimensional frame structure
GR1001160B (el) 1992-02-20 1993-05-24 Georgios Gkamanis Μηχανισμος για τη συνδεση ενος σωληνα με ενα κομβο τρισδιαστατων κατασκευων.
GR1004166B (el) 2002-03-11 2003-02-26 Γεωργιος Αχιλλεα Γκαμανης Μηχανισμος για τη συνδεση ενος σωληνα σε ενα κομβο τρισδιαστατων κατασκευων.

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EP1997972A3 (de) 2010-07-21
GR1005940B (el) 2008-06-09
EP1997972A2 (de) 2008-12-03

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