EP1996975A1 - Electrochromic component - Google Patents

Electrochromic component

Info

Publication number
EP1996975A1
EP1996975A1 EP07712513A EP07712513A EP1996975A1 EP 1996975 A1 EP1996975 A1 EP 1996975A1 EP 07712513 A EP07712513 A EP 07712513A EP 07712513 A EP07712513 A EP 07712513A EP 1996975 A1 EP1996975 A1 EP 1996975A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrochromic
active layer
component according
glass
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07712513A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andreas Kanitz
Wolfgang Roth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1996975A1 publication Critical patent/EP1996975A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1533—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1503—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect caused by oxidation-reduction reactions in organic liquid solutions, e.g. viologen solutions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrochromic device having verbes ⁇ serter mass production capability.
  • Electrochromic Displays be based on organic materials ⁇ are normally composed of a layer of specific composition of which is located between electrodes arranged perpendicular to each other.
  • Essential components of the active layer are a redox system and a pH-active dye.
  • a voltage is applied to the system, the shift in the equilibrium of the redox partners on the two electrodes is in the opposite direction.
  • the pH of one of the electrodes rises while it sinks on the counter electrode.
  • Via a pH dye the change in pH is then converted into a color change.
  • a disadvantage of the known electrochromically active formulations relates to the manufacturing process of components. Since the ⁇ be known formulations are highly viscous and / or pasty, they remain after the application on the surface wet and / or sticky. Therefore, the production is great
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an electrochromic component which has no tacky and / or moist surfaces during processing and is therefore processable for mass production, ie in automated processes, such as a roll-to-roll process, to an electrochromic process Component is processable.
  • the invention relates to an electrochromic device to a minimum ⁇ electrochromically active layer between two Elect ⁇ roden comprising, wherein the surface of the electrochromic acti ⁇ ven layer is dry.
  • the surface of the electrochromically active layer forms a thinnest glass layer, in particular a layer of an organic glass.
  • the organic solvents in egg ⁇ nem is soluble to give a transparent, dry polymer film remains on a substrate after evaporation of the solvent.
  • Particularly suitable polymers are polycarbonate and polymethyl methacrylate.
  • Methyl ⁇ lenchlorid a suitable solvent.
  • higher boiling solvents such as.
  • methyl ethyl ketone used.
  • the viscosity of the organic glasses can be adjusted within wide limits.
  • the TiO 2 commonly used as a white pigment for the production of electrochromic formulations can be dispersed very well.
  • an electrochromic active component which is also soluble in the solvent for the polymer may be mixed. Under corresponding conditions such formulation shows a suffi ⁇ accordingly storage stability. If, after the application of a sol ⁇ chen formulation, however, the solvent is evaporated on respective substrates, there remains an electrochromic ak ⁇ tive layer having a nontacky surface. In order to obtain a tack-free surface, if necessary, only partial evaporation of the solvent is sufficient.
  • the heat source used is advantageously an IR radiator.
  • a suspension of electrically conductive particles in a solvent e.g., a graphite suspension ( "carbon black") can be applied as a counter electrode.
  • the application can, for example, take place from solution with ⁇ means of screen printing. Due to the non-tacky surface can be used as counter electrode but also a metal be evaporated under appropriate conditions from the gas phase . Both the screen printing and the evaporation process can be carried over or restructured. This makes complex lithographic processes, the z. B. for making constructive ⁇ tured ITO electrodes for use in displays neces- agile are.
  • the figure shows a baking electrode 1, on which a layer 2 with electrochromically active material, for example, the formulation with the organic glass on the surface, is located. Above the layer with electrochromic active material is the counter electrode 3.
  • a layer 2 with electrochromically active material for example, the formulation with the organic glass on the surface
  • the paste-like formulation obtained is applied in the prior art to an ITO-coated glass or flexible Kunststoffsubstrate. After the drying of the layer on a hotplate at 7O 0 C is applied as a counter electrode "Carbon Black”. On applying a voltage between the electrodes, a color change is observed. In the connected state, the electrochromic cell is blue.
  • the invention relates to an electrochromic device having verbes ⁇ serter mass production capability.
  • the mass production capability is achieved by a dry surface of the electrochromic active layer already during the manufacturing process.

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrochromic component with increased mass production suitability. Said mass production suitability is achieved by a dry surface of the electrochromically active layer already during the production process.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Elektrochromes BauteilElectrochromic component
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektrochromes Bauteil mit verbes¬ serter Massenfertigungstauglichkeit .The invention relates to an electrochromic device having verbes ¬ serter mass production capability.
Elektrochrome Displays auf Basis organischer Materialien be¬ stehen im Normalfall aus einer Schicht spezieller Zusammen- Setzung, die sich zwischen senkrecht zueinander angeordneten Elektroden befindet. Wesentliche Bestandteile der aktiven Schicht sind ein Redox-System und ein pH-aktiver Farbstoff. Wenn eine Spannung an das System angelegt wird, dann läuft die Verschiebung des Gleichgewichts der Redox-Partner an den beiden Elektroden in entgegen gesetzter Richtung. Dies führt dazu, dass an der einen Elektrode der pH-Wert steigt, während er an der Gegenelektrode sinkt. Über einen pH-Farbstoff wird die Änderung des pH-Wertes dann in eine Farbänderung umgesetzt .Electrochromic Displays be based on organic materials ¬ are normally composed of a layer of specific composition of which is located between electrodes arranged perpendicular to each other. Essential components of the active layer are a redox system and a pH-active dye. When a voltage is applied to the system, the shift in the equilibrium of the redox partners on the two electrodes is in the opposite direction. As a result, the pH of one of the electrodes rises while it sinks on the counter electrode. Via a pH dye, the change in pH is then converted into a color change.
Ein Nachteil der bekannten elektrochrom aktiven Formulierungen betrifft den Fertigungsprozess von Bauteilen. Da die be¬ kannten Formulierungen hochviskos und/oder pastös sind, bleiben sie nach der Applikation an der Oberfläche feucht und/oder klebrig. Daher ist eine die Herstellung großerA disadvantage of the known electrochromically active formulations relates to the manufacturing process of components. Since the ¬ be known formulations are highly viscous and / or pasty, they remain after the application on the surface wet and / or sticky. Therefore, the production is great
Stückzahlen mit kurzen Taktzeiten, z. B. in einem roll-to- roll-Prozess, nicht möglich.Quantities with short cycle times, z. For example, in a roll-to-roll process, not possible.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es deshalb, ein elektrochromes Bauteil zu schaffen, das bei der Verarbeitung keine klebrigen und/oder feuchten Oberflächen hat und daher massenfertigungstauglich verarbeitbar ist, also in automatisierten Prozessen, wie beispielsweise einem Rolle-zu-Rolle Verfahren, zu einem elektrochromen Bauteil verarbeitbar ist.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an electrochromic component which has no tacky and / or moist surfaces during processing and is therefore processable for mass production, ie in automated processes, such as a roll-to-roll process, to an electrochromic process Component is processable.
Dies Aufgabe wird durch den Gegenstand der Ansprüche im Zu¬ sammenhang mit der Figur und der Beschreibung, gelöst. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein elektrochromes Bauteil, zu¬ mindest eine elektrochrom aktive Schicht zwischen zwei Elekt¬ roden umfassend, wobei die Oberfläche der elektrochrom akti¬ ven Schicht trocken ist.This object is achieved by the subject matter of the claims in conjunction ¬ with the figure and the description. The invention relates to an electrochromic device to a minimum ¬ electrochromically active layer between two Elect ¬ roden comprising, wherein the surface of the electrochromic acti ¬ ven layer is dry.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung bildet die Oberfläche der elektrochrom aktiven Schicht eine dünnste Glasschicht, insbesondere eine Schicht aus einem organischen Glas.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the surface of the electrochromically active layer forms a thinnest glass layer, in particular a layer of an organic glass.
Als organisches Glas wird ein Polymer bezeichnet, das in ei¬ nem organischen Lösungsmittel löslich ist, wobei nach dem Abdampfen des Lösungsmittels ein transparenter, trockener Polymerfilm auf einem Substrat zurückbleibt.As an organic glass, a polymer is referred to, the organic solvents in egg ¬ nem is soluble to give a transparent, dry polymer film remains on a substrate after evaporation of the solvent.
Besonders geeignete Polymere sind Polycarbonat und Polymetyl- methacrylat. Für das letztgenannte ist beispielsweise Methy¬ lenchlorid ein geeignetes Lösungsmittel. Vorzugsweise werden aber höher siedende Lösungsmittel, wie z. B. Methylethylke- ton, verwendet.Particularly suitable polymers are polycarbonate and polymethyl methacrylate. For the latter, for example, Methyl ¬ lenchlorid a suitable solvent. Preferably, however, higher boiling solvents, such as. For example, methyl ethyl ketone, used.
Durch Variation des Verhältnisses Polymer zu Lösungsmittel kann die Viskosität der organischen Gläser in weiten Grenzen eingestellt werden. In einer solchen Polymerlösung kann das für die Herstellung elektrochromer Formulierungen üblicherweise als Weißpigment verwendete TiO2 sehr gut dispergiert werden. In eine solche Dispersion kann eine elektrochrom aktive Komponente, die in dem Lösungsmittel für das Polymer ebenfalls löslich ist, eingemischt werden. Unter entsprechen- den Bedingungen zeigt eine solche Formulierung eine ausrei¬ chend Lagerstabilität. Wird nach der Applikation einer sol¬ chen Formulierung auf entsprechenden Substraten allerdings das Lösungsmittel verdampft, so bleibt eine elektrochrom ak¬ tive Schicht mit klebfreier Oberfläche zurück. Um eine kleb- freie Oberfläche zu erhalten, ist gegebenenfalls auch nur das teilweise Verdampfen des Lösungsmittels ausreichend. Als Sub¬ strate sind z. B. ITO-beschichtete Gläser oder flexible KunststoffSubstrate geeignet. Das Verdampfen des Lösungsmit- tels kann gegebenenfalls bei erhöhter Temperatur und/oder vermindertem Druck erfolgen. Als Wärmequelle wird vorteilhaft ein IR-Strahler verwendet.By varying the ratio of polymer to solvent, the viscosity of the organic glasses can be adjusted within wide limits. In such a polymer solution, the TiO 2 commonly used as a white pigment for the production of electrochromic formulations can be dispersed very well. In such a dispersion, an electrochromic active component which is also soluble in the solvent for the polymer may be mixed. Under corresponding conditions such formulation shows a suffi ¬ accordingly storage stability. If, after the application of a sol ¬ chen formulation, however, the solvent is evaporated on respective substrates, there remains an electrochromic ak ¬ tive layer having a nontacky surface. In order to obtain a tack-free surface, if necessary, only partial evaporation of the solvent is sufficient. As Sub ¬ strate z. B. ITO-coated glasses or flexible plastic substrates suitable. The evaporation of the solvent Tels may optionally be carried out at elevated temperature and / or reduced pressure. The heat source used is advantageously an IR radiator.
Neben den für eine Massenfertigung erwähnten prozesstechnischen Vorteilen einer klebfreien Oberfläche besteht ein weiterer Vorteil des elektrochromen Bauteils mit trockener Oberfläche darin, dass direkt auf die klebfreie Oberfläche der elektrochrom aktiven Schicht eine Suspension aus elektrisch leitfähigen Partikeln in einem Lösungsmittel, z. B. eine Graphit-Suspension („Carbon Black") als Gegenelektrode aufgebracht werden kann. Die Applikation kann beispielsweise mit¬ tels Siebdruck aus Lösung erfolgen. Auf Grund der klebfreien Oberfläche kann als Gegenelektrode aber auch ein Metall unter geeigneten Bedingungen aus der Gasphase aufgedampft werden. Sowohl der Siebdruck- als auch der Aufdampfprozess können flächig oder strukturiert erfolgen. Damit entfallen aufwendige lithographische Prozesse, die z. B. zur Herstellung struk¬ turierter ITO-Elektroden für die Anwendung in Displays not- wendig sind.In addition to the process engineering advantages of a tack-free surface mentioned for mass production, another advantage of the dry-surface electrochromic device is that a suspension of electrically conductive particles in a solvent, e.g. For example, a graphite suspension ( "carbon black") can be applied as a counter electrode. The application can, for example, take place from solution with ¬ means of screen printing. Due to the non-tacky surface can be used as counter electrode but also a metal be evaporated under appropriate conditions from the gas phase . Both the screen printing and the evaporation process can be carried over or restructured. This makes complex lithographic processes, the z. B. for making constructive ¬ tured ITO electrodes for use in displays neces- agile are.
Die Figur zeigt eine Backelektrode 1, auf der sich eine Schicht 2 mit elektrochrom aktivem Material, beispielsweise also die Formulierung mit dem organischen Glas auf der Ober- fläche, befindet. Über der Schicht mit elektrochrom aktivem Material befindet sich die Gegenelektrode 3.The figure shows a baking electrode 1, on which a layer 2 with electrochromically active material, for example, the formulation with the organic glass on the surface, is located. Above the layer with electrochromic active material is the counter electrode 3.
Ausführungsbeispieleembodiments
Herstellung der FormulierungPreparation of the formulation
3.3g Polymethylmethacrylat (MW = 80000) werden in 13g γ- Butyrolacton unter Rühren bei 7O0C gelöst. Nach dem Abkühlen werden 0.26g TiO2 mittels eines Speedmixers eingemischt. In die erhaltene Paste werden 0.13g eines 4, 4 " -Dipyridylium- Derivats mittels eines Speedmixers eingemischt. Herstellung eines elektrochromen Bauteils3.3g polymethylmethacrylate (MW = 80000) is dissolved in 13g γ- butyrolactone with stirring at 7O 0 C. After cooling, 0.26 g of TiO 2 are mixed in by means of a speed mixer. In the resulting paste, 0.13 g of a 4, 4 "-Dipyridylium- derivative mixed in by means of a speed mixer. Production of an electrochromic component
Die erhaltene pastöse Formulierung wird nach dem Stand der Technik auf ein ITO-beschichtetes Glas- oder flexibles Kunst- StoffSubstrat appliziert. Nach den Trocken der Schicht auf einer Hotplate bei 7O0C wird als Gegenelektrode „Carbon Black" aufgebracht. Beim Anlegen einer Spannung zwischen den Elektroden wird ein Farbumschlag beobachtet. Im geschalteten Zustand ist die elektrochrome Zelle blau.The paste-like formulation obtained is applied in the prior art to an ITO-coated glass or flexible Kunststoffsubstrate. After the drying of the layer on a hotplate at 7O 0 C is applied as a counter electrode "Carbon Black". On applying a voltage between the electrodes, a color change is observed. In the connected state, the electrochromic cell is blue.
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektrochromes Bauteil mit verbes¬ serter Massenfertigungstauglichkeit. Die Massenfertigungs¬ tauglichkeit wird durch eine trockene Oberfläche der elektro- chrom aktiven Schicht bereits während des Herstellungsprozes- ses erreicht. The invention relates to an electrochromic device having verbes ¬ serter mass production capability. The mass production capability is achieved by a dry surface of the electrochromic active layer already during the manufacturing process.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Elektrochromes Bauteil, zumindest eine elektrochrom aktive Schicht zwischen zwei Elektroden umfassend, wobei die Ober- fläche der elektrochrom aktiven Schicht trocken ist.1. electrochromic component comprising at least one electrochromic active layer between two electrodes, wherein the surface of the electrochromic active layer is dry.
2. Bauteil nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Oberfläche der elektro¬ chrom aktiven Schicht ein Glas bildet.2. Component according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the electro ¬ chromium active layer forms a glass.
3. Bauteil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, wobei das Glas ein organisches Glas ist.3. Component according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the glass is an organic glass.
4. Bauteil nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das organische Glas ein transparenter, trockener Polymerfilm ist.4. The component according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the organic glass is a transparent, dry polymer film.
5. Bauteil nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Oberfläche der elektrochrom aktiven Schicht Polycarbonat und/oder Polymethacrylat umfasst.5. Component according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the electrochromic active layer comprises polycarbonate and / or polymethacrylate.
6. Bauteil nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei bei der Herstellung der Oberfläche der elektrochrom aktiven Schicht Methylenchlorid und/oder ein höher siedendes Lösungs¬ mittel eingesetzt wurde, so dass auf der Oberflächenschicht der elektrochrom aktiven Schicht Reste der genannten Lösungs- mittel frei oder gebunden nachweisbar sind. 6. Component according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the preparation of the surface of the electrochromic active layer methylene chloride and / or a higher-boiling solvent ¬ was used so that on the surface layer of the electrochromic active layer residues of said solvents free or bound are detectable.
EP07712513A 2006-03-23 2007-03-13 Electrochromic component Withdrawn EP1996975A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006013499 2006-03-23
PCT/EP2007/052338 WO2007107480A1 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-03-13 Electrochromic component

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1996975A1 true EP1996975A1 (en) 2008-12-03

Family

ID=38134791

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07712513A Withdrawn EP1996975A1 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-03-13 Electrochromic component

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1996975A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007107480A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54119942A (en) * 1978-03-10 1979-09-18 Toshiba Corp Manufacture of electrochromic display element
US4938571A (en) * 1987-06-18 1990-07-03 Cogan Stuart F Solid state electrochromic light modulator
US5679283A (en) * 1994-07-22 1997-10-21 Gentex Corporation Electrochromic layer and devices comprising same
DE19810932A1 (en) * 1998-03-13 1999-09-16 Bayer Ag Electrochromic arrangement based on poly (3,4-ethylenedioxy-thiophene) derivatives
US6501587B1 (en) * 2000-09-27 2002-12-31 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Method of creating color-changing displays

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2007107480A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007107480A1 (en) 2007-09-27

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