EP1983194A1 - Compresseur à spirales en fonte d'acier ductile - Google Patents

Compresseur à spirales en fonte d'acier ductile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1983194A1
EP1983194A1 EP07251621A EP07251621A EP1983194A1 EP 1983194 A1 EP1983194 A1 EP 1983194A1 EP 07251621 A EP07251621 A EP 07251621A EP 07251621 A EP07251621 A EP 07251621A EP 1983194 A1 EP1983194 A1 EP 1983194A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
scroll compressor
recited
scroll
magnesium
base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07251621A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Zili Sun
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Danfoss Scroll Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Scroll Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scroll Technologies LLC filed Critical Scroll Technologies LLC
Priority to EP07251621A priority Critical patent/EP1983194A1/fr
Publication of EP1983194A1 publication Critical patent/EP1983194A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0246—Details concerning the involute wraps or their base, e.g. geometry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
    • C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0215—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2230/00—Manufacture
    • F04C2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F04C2230/21—Manufacture essentially without removing material by casting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/028—Magnesium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/043—Rare earth metals, e.g. Sc, Y
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0436—Iron
    • F05C2201/0439—Cast iron
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0436—Iron
    • F05C2201/0439—Cast iron
    • F05C2201/0442—Spheroidal graphite cast iron, e.g. nodular iron, ductile iron
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0466—Nickel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
    • F05C2203/0804—Non-oxide ceramics
    • F05C2203/0808—Carbon, e.g. graphite

Definitions

  • This application relates to scroll compressors and, more particularly, to a scroll compressor member with improved strength and durability.
  • Scroll compressors are becoming widely utilized in refrigerant compression systems.
  • a pair of scroll members each has a base with a generally spiral wrap extending from the base.
  • one scroll is non-orbiting and the other scroll orbits relative to the non-orbiting scroll.
  • the orbiting scroll contacts the non-orbiting scroll to seal and define compression chambers.
  • One of the two scroll members is caused to orbit relative to the other, with the size of the compression chambers decreasing toward a discharge port as refrigerant is being compressed.
  • One example refrigerant compression system includes an air conditioning or other environmental conditioning system.
  • a compressor compresses a refrigerant and sends the refrigerant to a downstream heat exchanger, and typically a condenser. From the condenser, the refrigerant travels through a main expansion device, and then to an indoor heat exchanger, typically an evaporator. From the evaporator, the refrigerant returns to the compressor.
  • the performance and efficiency of the system relies, at least in part, on the capacity and efficiency of the scroll compressor. Thus, there has been a trend toward higher capacity and higher efficiency scroll compressors.
  • One embodiment of a scroll compressor includes a scroll member having a base and a generally spiral wrap that extends from the base to define a portion of a compression chamber.
  • the scroll member is made of a cast iron material comprising a microstructure having graphite nodules.
  • One embodiment scroll compressor includes a scroll member having a base and a generally spiral wrap that extends from the base to define a portion of a compression chamber.
  • the scroll member is made of a material having a graphite nodule-forming agent.
  • One embodiment method of manufacturing the scroll compressor includes the steps of melting a cast iron material to produce a molten material, adding a nodule-forming agent to the molten material, and transferring the molten material into a mold having a shape of a scroll compressor member.
  • the scroll member is relatively strong and durable. This allows the scroll compressor to withstand more severe operating conditions associated with high capacity compressor designs.
  • FIG. 1 shows a scroll compressor 20.
  • a compressor pump set 22 is mounted within a sealed shell 24.
  • a suction chamber 26 receives a suction refrigerant from a tube 28.
  • this refrigerant can circulate within the chamber 26, and flows over an electric motor 28.
  • the electric motor 28 drives a shaft 30 that defines an operative axis A for the compressor 20.
  • the compressor pump set 22 includes a non-orbiting scroll 32 and an orbiting scroll 34. As is known, the shaft 30 drives the orbiting scroll 34 to orbit relative to the non-orbiting scroll 32.
  • FIG 2 shows a perspective view of the non-orbiting scroll 32
  • Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the orbiting scroll 34.
  • Each of the non-orbiting scroll 32 and orbiting scroll 34 includes a base portion 44 and a generally spiral wrap 46 that extends from the base portion 44. When assembled, the spiral wraps 46 interfit to define compression chamber 36 ( Figure 1 ) between the non-orbiting scroll 32 and orbiting scroll 34.
  • Compliance allows the scrolls 32 and 34 to separate under certain conditions, such as to allow a particle to pass through the scroll compressor 20.
  • Axial compliance maintains the wrap 46 of the orbiting scroll 34 in contact with the base portion 44 of the non-orbiting scroll 32 to provide a seal under normal operating conditions.
  • a tap T taps a compressed refrigerant to a chamber 100 behind the base 44 of the orbiting scroll 34. The resultant force biases the two scroll members into contact.
  • the chamber can be behind the base of the non-orbiting scroll.
  • Radial compliance maintains the wraps 46 of the non-orbiting scroll 32 and orbiting scroll 34 in contact under normal operating conditions.
  • one or both of the non-orbiting scroll 32 and orbiting scroll 34 are made of a cast iron material having a microstructure 56 that includes graphite nodules 58.
  • the graphite nodules are within a matrix 60, such as a pearlite matrix.
  • the microstructure 56 in this example is shown at a magnification of approximately 36X.
  • the cast iron material is polished and etched in a known manner to reveal the microstructure 56.
  • the microstructure 56 includes an associated nodularity, which is a ratio of graphite nodules 58 to the total graphite including other forms of graphite, within the matrix 60.
  • the nodularity is above about 80% and below 100%. In the example shown in Figure 4 , the nodularity is about 80%. In another example shown in Figure 5 , the nodularity is about 99%.
  • the graphite nodules 58 provide the non-orbiting scroll 32 and the orbiting scroll 34 with strength and durability.
  • Other cast iron microstructures such as those that include primarily graphite flakes, are weakened due to a notch effect at sharp edges of the graphite flakes.
  • the graphite nodules 58 are spheroidal in shape and therefore do not have the sharp edges that weaken the material. Generally, higher nodularity results in higher strength and higher toughness.
  • the cast iron material with graphite nodules 58 has a tensile strength of at least 60 kpsi. For example, the tensile strength can be tested using ASTM A395 or other known standard.
  • non-orbiting scroll 32 and the orbiting scroll 34 relatively strong and wear resistant, which allows the scroll compressor 20 to be designed for relatively severe operating conditions and high capacities.
  • use of cast iron material having graphite nodules 58 allows the wraps 46 to be increased in length (i.e., length extended from base 44) to increase the size of the compression chambers 34 and, in turn, increase the capacity of the scroll compressor 20.
  • the relatively severe operating conditions are caused, at least in part, from the axial and radial compliance between the non-orbiting scroll 32 and the orbiting scroll 34.
  • the axial and radial compliance causes contact between the non-orbiting scroll 32 and the orbiting scroll 34 as described above.
  • the contact causes wear and stress between the non-orbiting scroll 32 and the orbiting scroll 34.
  • the strong and durable cast iron material with graphite nodules 58 is suited to withstand such operating conditions.
  • the cast iron material of the non-orbiting scroll 32 and/or the orbiting scroll 34 includes a graphite nodule-forming agent that promotes formation of the graphite nodules 58 during casting.
  • the cast iron material composition includes 3.20wt%-4.10wt% carbon, 1.80wt%-3.00wt% silicon, 0.10wt%-1.00wt% manganese, up to 0.050wt% phosphorous, and an amount of the graphite nodule-forming agent.
  • the cast iron material composition includes about 3.60wt%-3.80wt% carbon.
  • the graphite nodule-forming agent includes magnesium.
  • the magnesium is present in the cast iron material of the non-orbiting scroll 32 and/or the orbiting scroll 34 in an amount between about 0.02wt% and about 0.08wt%. In another example, the magnesium is present in an amount between about 0.03wt% and about 0.06wt%.
  • the graphite nodule-forming agent is an alloy, such as an alloy of magnesium.
  • the alloy includes magnesium and nickel.
  • the magnesium comprises between about 4wt% and about 18wt% of the alloy, the balance being nickel and possibly trace amounts of other materials.
  • the graphite nodule-forming agent includes both magnesium and cesium.
  • the magnesium is present in the cast iron material of the non-orbiting scroll 32 and/or the orbiting scroll 34 in an amount as described above and the cesium is present in an amount between about 0.0005wt% and about 0.01wt%.
  • the magnesium and cesium are added to the molten cast iron as described above.
  • a rare earth metal is used in an amount up to 0.300wt% to form the graphite nodules 58.
  • Example rare earth metals include praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, yttrium, scandium, thorium, and zirconium, although use of these may be limited by availability and/or cost.
  • the graphite nodule-forming agent is added to molten cast iron during the casting process of the non-orbiting scroll 32 and/or the orbiting scroll 34.
  • the amount added is suitable to result in the composition ranges described above.
  • the amount of graphite nodule-forming agent added to the molten cast iron is generally greater than the above-described composition ranges. In one example, about 0.3wt% graphite nodule-forming agent is added. This provides the benefit of adding enough graphite nodule-forming agent to promote graphite nodule 58 formation while allowing for depletion of the graphite nodule-forming agent, such as through volatilization. Given this description, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize suitable graphite nodule-forming agent amounts to add to the molten cast iron to meet their particular needs.
  • the amount of graphite nodule-forming agent controls the nodularity of the microstructure 56. For example, a relatively small amount leads to lower nodularity and a relatively larger amount leads to a higher nodularity.
  • the graphite nodule-forming agent composition ranges described herein can be used to tailor the properties, such as strength, wear, and galling, of the non-orbiting scroll 32 and/or the orbiting scroll 34 to the particular operational demands of the scroll compressor 20.
  • FIG. 6 schematically illustrates an example casting process.
  • a casting mold 70 defines a cavity 72 for forming the shape of the non-orbiting scroll 32 or orbiting scroll 34.
  • a container 74 such as a ladle, holds molten cast iron material 76, which will be poured into the casting mold 70 and solidify.
  • a graphite nodule-forming agent 78 is added to the molten cast iron material 76.
  • a predetermined period of time elapses between adding the graphite nodule-forming agent and pouring the molten cast iron material 76 into the casting mold 70 to allow dispersion of the graphite nodule-forming agent 78 in the molten cast iron material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
EP07251621A 2007-04-17 2007-04-17 Compresseur à spirales en fonte d'acier ductile Withdrawn EP1983194A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07251621A EP1983194A1 (fr) 2007-04-17 2007-04-17 Compresseur à spirales en fonte d'acier ductile

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07251621A EP1983194A1 (fr) 2007-04-17 2007-04-17 Compresseur à spirales en fonte d'acier ductile

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1983194A1 true EP1983194A1 (fr) 2008-10-22

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EP (1) EP1983194A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021136609A1 (fr) * 2019-12-30 2021-07-08 Danfoss Commercial Compressors Compresseur à spirale doté d'une section de compression constituée de fonte ductile ferritique renforcée par une solution solide

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3055756A (en) * 1958-12-15 1962-09-25 Crane Co Yttrium containing ferrous products and methods for preparing same
US4363661A (en) * 1981-04-08 1982-12-14 Ford Motor Company Method for increasing mechanical properties in ductile iron by alloy additions
JPS5979089A (ja) * 1982-10-27 1984-05-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corp スクロ−ル圧縮機
JPS63114938A (ja) * 1986-10-31 1988-05-19 Toyota Motor Corp 耐熱鋳鉄材料
US4944663A (en) * 1987-09-30 1990-07-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Rotary compressor having oxidizing and nitriding surface treatment
US5277562A (en) * 1991-09-17 1994-01-11 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Scroll fluid machine and producing method for the same
EP0588657A1 (fr) * 1992-09-18 1994-03-23 Inco Alloys International, Inc. Superalliage à faible dilatation thermique
US6302665B1 (en) * 1998-10-05 2001-10-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Hermetic compressor and open compressor
EP1331395A2 (fr) * 2002-01-24 2003-07-30 Copeland Corporation Rotor composite en poudre métallique pour machine à spirales
EP1652949A1 (fr) * 2003-07-18 2006-05-03 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Fonte graphitee spheroidale austenitique resistant a la chaleur
WO2006072663A2 (fr) * 2005-01-05 2006-07-13 Metso Paper, Inc. Fonte ductile et procede de fabrication associe pour l'elaboration de composants a proprietes de resistance et de tenacite desirees
US20070122302A1 (en) * 2005-11-30 2007-05-31 Scroll Technologies Ductile cast iron scroll compressor

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3055756A (en) * 1958-12-15 1962-09-25 Crane Co Yttrium containing ferrous products and methods for preparing same
US4363661A (en) * 1981-04-08 1982-12-14 Ford Motor Company Method for increasing mechanical properties in ductile iron by alloy additions
JPS5979089A (ja) * 1982-10-27 1984-05-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corp スクロ−ル圧縮機
JPS63114938A (ja) * 1986-10-31 1988-05-19 Toyota Motor Corp 耐熱鋳鉄材料
US4944663A (en) * 1987-09-30 1990-07-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Rotary compressor having oxidizing and nitriding surface treatment
US5277562A (en) * 1991-09-17 1994-01-11 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Scroll fluid machine and producing method for the same
EP0588657A1 (fr) * 1992-09-18 1994-03-23 Inco Alloys International, Inc. Superalliage à faible dilatation thermique
US6302665B1 (en) * 1998-10-05 2001-10-16 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Hermetic compressor and open compressor
EP1331395A2 (fr) * 2002-01-24 2003-07-30 Copeland Corporation Rotor composite en poudre métallique pour machine à spirales
EP1652949A1 (fr) * 2003-07-18 2006-05-03 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Fonte graphitee spheroidale austenitique resistant a la chaleur
WO2006072663A2 (fr) * 2005-01-05 2006-07-13 Metso Paper, Inc. Fonte ductile et procede de fabrication associe pour l'elaboration de composants a proprietes de resistance et de tenacite desirees
US20070122302A1 (en) * 2005-11-30 2007-05-31 Scroll Technologies Ductile cast iron scroll compressor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021136609A1 (fr) * 2019-12-30 2021-07-08 Danfoss Commercial Compressors Compresseur à spirale doté d'une section de compression constituée de fonte ductile ferritique renforcée par une solution solide

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