EP1979800A2 - Methode pour commander un partage de charge entre des sources d'alimentation en parallele, faisant appel a des communications numeriques - Google Patents

Methode pour commander un partage de charge entre des sources d'alimentation en parallele, faisant appel a des communications numeriques

Info

Publication number
EP1979800A2
EP1979800A2 EP06817395A EP06817395A EP1979800A2 EP 1979800 A2 EP1979800 A2 EP 1979800A2 EP 06817395 A EP06817395 A EP 06817395A EP 06817395 A EP06817395 A EP 06817395A EP 1979800 A2 EP1979800 A2 EP 1979800A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power supply
digital
supply modules
power
modules
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06817395A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bryan Kris
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Microchip Technology Inc
Original Assignee
Microchip Technology Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US11/385,377 external-priority patent/US20070094524A1/en
Application filed by Microchip Technology Inc filed Critical Microchip Technology Inc
Publication of EP1979800A2 publication Critical patent/EP1979800A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/14—Balancing the load in a network
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/28—Supervision thereof, e.g. detecting power-supply failure by out of limits supervision
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • H02J13/00026—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission involving a local wireless network, e.g. Wi-Fi, ZigBee or Bluetooth

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to control of load sharing between paralleled power supplies, and more particularly, to using digital communications in the control of load sharing between the paralleled power supplies.
  • a common approach for system designers is to implement a system power supply as a plurality of smaller power supply modules.
  • the outputs of the plurality of smaller power supply modules are connected together in parallel to provide the operating power required.
  • Replacement power supply modules e.g., new or repaired, may be plugged back into the system power supply to maintain a desired amount of redundant power supply capacity.
  • each parallel connected power supply module When the power supply module outputs are connected in paralleled, it is impossible to insure that each parallel connected power supply module has the same output voltage. There are always tolerances in wiring, voltage references, temperatures, and other factors that may cause the output voltages to differ slightly between the power supply modules. Therefore one or more of the power supply modules having a slightly higher output voltage, will tend to supply the bulk of the system load. Therefore, some of the power supply modules may be operating at full power while others may be providing almost no power.
  • the power supply module operating at full power will be hotter and therefore more failure prone.
  • the power supply modules that are operating at full power are "saturated" and can not supply additional power if there is a load transient.
  • the other power supply modules that are supplying little or no power may not be operating in an ideal state for a switch mode converter power supply.
  • a lightly loaded power supply module may not have a desired response to a transient load. For optimum reliability and performance, each of the power supply modules should carry an evenly distributed share of the system load.
  • a "master" device may monitor the total load and then may issue analog commands to each of the power supply modules in an effort spread the workload evenly among these power supply modules.
  • the master control device may provide a voltage that represents a target power output goal for each power supply module.
  • This master control device control voltage to each of the modules may be an analog voltage that may be used to adjust the power supply module's reference voltage and thereby may adjust the resultant output power from the module.
  • This type of power flow signaling control may be prone to a single point failure. If the master controller fails, the power supply system may become unusable and/or inoperative.
  • An analog bus (wire) is connected to all of the power supply modules.
  • Each power supply module provides an analog voltage output signal that is proportional to the power output of that module.
  • These analog 'power level" indicating voltages are summed together to create an average voltage on the analog bus (wire).
  • Each module then reads the summed analog value and increases or decreases its output power to be consistent with the consensus of the group of modules.
  • DAC digital-to- analog converter
  • ADC analog-to- analog converter
  • Digital communication modules such as, for example but not limited to, an I 2 C module, a UART module, a SPI module and the like are small and inexpensive implementations of serial digital communications devices. Any of these serial communications devices may be interconnected with similar communication devices to create a digital communications channel that may be integrated with the power supply modules.
  • the digital communications channel may provide a means for the various power supply modules to share their output loads and other information.
  • each power supply module may control its power output based upon the system load information received, e.g., the sum of the output currents of each of the power supply modules, the number of operational power supply modules, etc.
  • the load sharing information enables the assembly of these power supply modules to be connected together in a manner where they may proportionally share the burden of the system load. If one or more of these power supply modules should fail then the other remaining functional power supply modules may dynamically adjust their output currents to make up for the loss in available current that had been previously supplied by the failed power supply module or modules.
  • any type of serial, parallel, and/or wireless, e.g., Bluetooth, infrared, etc., digital communications channel or channels may be used to convey each of the power supply modules' actual output current, maximum current output capability, operational status, control, etc.
  • the digital communications channel may be coupled to a digital system, e.g., computer server, for administrator system management, control and/or status reporting for each of the power supply modules.
  • Total available current from the operational power supply modules may be used by, for example but not limited to, system administration software when configuring and/or controlling the digital system power usage, e.g., if enough of the power supply modules are out of service ⁇ e.g., not enough power capacity), then the system management software may shutdown or idle various digital system loads so as not to exceed a maximum available power capacity from the power supply system (e.g., the functional parallel connected power supply modules).
  • system administration software when configuring and/or controlling the digital system power usage, e.g., if enough of the power supply modules are out of service ⁇ e.g., not enough power capacity
  • the system management software may shutdown or idle various digital system loads so as not to exceed a maximum available power capacity from the power supply system (e.g., the functional parallel connected power supply modules).
  • Broadcasts over the digital communications channel from each of the power supply modules may be received by all of the power supply modules and may comprise, but are not limited to, power output levels of each of the power supply modules, e.g., power levels as a percentage of maximum power for each module. All of the power supply modules may receive these broadcasts and may use a running sum filter to create an average power level. Each power supply module may then adjust its power output to reach the desired goal of a proportional power output. The power output adjustment, e.g., balancing, process may occur slowly. The control loop for this adjustment process may operate on a thermal time constant basis. Therefore the response time may be, for example but not limited to, about a second.
  • the communication modules may operating at 100 KHz, and a single byte of data is transmitted, a byte would take about 200 microseconds. If a power supply system is comprised of 24 power supply modules (a large power supply system), then 4.8 milliseconds would be required for all of the power supply modules to broadcast. If a broadcast rate of 10x of the minimum required rate is provided to insure immunity to noise, the total time to send status packets would be 48 milliseconds per second. Thus the bus utilization would only be about 5 percent. Such a low bus utilization may minimize any bus collisions of from the power supply modules.
  • each power supply module may broadcast a data value every 100 millisecond to all of the other power supply modules.
  • the data may be in a format where a data value of 00 (hexadecimal) indicates a module is supplying 0% output power, and a value of (FF) indicates the power supply module is supplying 100% of it rated output power.
  • Each module may receive all of the status packets, and perform a running sum average of all of the status values. The running sum average value may then be used to adjust the power output of each power supply module.
  • Status and/or identity of each of the power supply modules may also be broadcast so that the number of available power supply modules and their maximum available capacity may also be recognized. This may also be advantageous for system management software and remote administrator system management. Using digital information for load balancing/sharing between power supply modules enhances the accuracy of the information and may provide better repeatable behavior at a lower cost as compared to present analog methods.
  • a power supply system may comprise a plurality of power supply modules, each of the plurality of power supply modules having an output coupled in parallel and a digital interface for communicating with each of the plurality of power supply modules, wherein each of the plurality of power supply modules has a digital controller using information supplied over the digital interface for controlling a voltage at the output thereof.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a schematic block diagram of a plurality of power supply modules having their outputs connected in parallel and using digital communications for supplying information to each of the power supply modules in determining parameters for load sharing, according to a specific example embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a digital system 102 e.g., computer server, may be powered from a power supply system 104.
  • the power supply system 104 may be comprised of a plurality of power supply modules 106.
  • Each of the plurality of power supply modules 106 may have its power output coupled to a power bus 110.
  • the power bus 110 is also coupled to the digital system 102.
  • the power bus 110 may have more then one operating voltage (not shown) thereon.
  • I 2 C bus 112 Shown in Figure 1 is a standard serial communications protocol I 2 C bus 112.
  • the I 2 C bus 112 may use two lines (wires) called SDA (Serial Data) and SCL (Serial Clock). Each of these two wires may be connected to all of the digital communications modules 108.
  • I 2 C bus 112 may be coupled to the digital system 102.
  • the SDA and SCL lines may be pulled up to +V by pull-up resistors 114, and may be individually pulled down to ground by any of the digital communications modules 108.
  • the digital system may also communicate with the plurality of power supply modules 106 over the I 2 C bus 112.
  • Each of the plurality of power supply modules 106 may periodically broadcast to all of the other plurality of power supply modules, (typically every 100 milliseconds), for example a packet of information that indicates the power output level for the power supply module making the broadcast.
  • Each of the other power supply modules may receive that broadcast and may maintain a list of the most recent "M" broadcast power levels. (Where M is a parameter chosen by the power supply module manufacturer).
  • Each controller in a respective power supply module 106 may calculate an average value for the most recent "M" broadcast values. That averaged value represents the target output power level for all of the power supply modules 106.
  • Those power supply modules 106 whose output power level is above the average may reduce their output voltage very slightly to reduce the output current delivered to the load, while other power supply modules 106 who are outputting less power than the average may raise their output voltage slightly to increase their delivered current to the load.
  • a power supply module 106 may determine the occurrence of the failed power supply module 106 and adjust their output voltages accordingly so as to maintain a required power output to the connected digital system 102.
  • Some of the power supply modules 106 may have greater capacity then other ones of the power supply modules 106, either by manufactured size or output capacity change do to a local malfunction, e.g., over-temperature, loss of power components, etc.
  • automatic adjustment of the plurality of power supply modules 106 may take place to compensate for any change in status of a malfunctioning or a removed (out of service) power supply module 106.
  • the digital system 102 may also be apprised of what is happening with the plurality of power supply modules 106 and may make exception reports to a administrator systems management program and/or modify operation of the digital system 102 if there may not be sufficient power available from the power supply system 104.
  • a malfunctioning power supply module 106 may be removed from service and the remaining power supply modules 106 may continue operation without interruption to the digital system 102.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une pluralité de modules d'alimentation présentant des sorties reliées en parallèle. Ces modules sont commandés par un canal de communications numériques à des fins équilibrage de charge. Ce canal de communications numériques peut être un bus numérique filaire monté en série ou en parallèle, et/ou un canal de communication numérique sans fil, notamment, Bluetooth, infrarouge etc. Chaque module d'alimentation peut diffuser son propre courant de sortie et tous les modules d'alimentation peuvent déterminer un courant total fourni à une charge, et par conséquent déterminer une tension de sortie appropriée pour contribuer de manière proportionnelle au courant total.
EP06817395A 2005-10-25 2006-10-25 Methode pour commander un partage de charge entre des sources d'alimentation en parallele, faisant appel a des communications numeriques Withdrawn EP1979800A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US72998805P 2005-10-25 2005-10-25
US11/385,377 US20070094524A1 (en) 2005-10-25 2006-03-21 Using digital communications in the control of load sharing between paralleled power supplies
PCT/US2006/041751 WO2007050738A2 (fr) 2005-10-25 2006-10-25 Methode pour commander un partage de charge entre des sources d'alimentation en parallele, faisant appel a des communications numeriques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1979800A2 true EP1979800A2 (fr) 2008-10-15

Family

ID=37682760

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06817395A Withdrawn EP1979800A2 (fr) 2005-10-25 2006-10-25 Methode pour commander un partage de charge entre des sources d'alimentation en parallele, faisant appel a des communications numeriques

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1979800A2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20080069580A (fr)
TW (1) TW200728952A (fr)
WO (1) WO2007050738A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI425328B (zh) * 2008-10-03 2014-02-01 Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd 具有風扇冗餘控制功能之電子設備
KR101152255B1 (ko) * 2012-03-05 2012-06-11 (주)아세아이엔티 블루투스 병렬운전 방식에 의한 무정전 전원 공급장치
KR101764568B1 (ko) * 2016-02-16 2017-08-10 주식회사 동아일렉콤 통합 통신 모듈을 사용하는 부하 분담을 위한 전원 공급 장치 및 시스템
CN112433590A (zh) * 2020-11-20 2021-03-02 深圳麦格米特电气股份有限公司 一种电源管理系统及方法
KR102566878B1 (ko) 2022-10-07 2023-08-14 한화시스템 주식회사 부하 분담 기능을 수행하는 전원 공급 시스템

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5319571A (en) * 1992-11-24 1994-06-07 Exide Electronics UPS system with improved network communications
US5576941A (en) * 1994-08-10 1996-11-19 York Technologies, Inc. Modular power supply system
AUPN592095A0 (en) * 1995-10-11 1995-11-02 Invetech Operations Pty Ltd Modular power supply
US5675480A (en) * 1996-05-29 1997-10-07 Compaq Computer Corporation Microprocessor control of parallel power supply systems

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2007050738A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007050738A3 (fr) 2008-01-31
KR20080069580A (ko) 2008-07-28
WO2007050738A2 (fr) 2007-05-03
TW200728952A (en) 2007-08-01

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