Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
  • B65D5/42—Details of containers or of foldable or erectable container blanks
  • B65D5/44—Integral, inserted or attached portions forming internal or external fittings
  • B65D5/48—Partitions
  • B65D5/48024—Partitions inserted
  • B65D5/48026—Squaring or like elements, e.g. honeycomb element, i.e. at least four not aligned compartments
  • B65D5/48036—Longitudinal partition provided with cut flaps folded perpendicular to the partition

Definitions

• This invention relates generally to packaging an arrangement of articles and more specifically, to partition snse ⁇ s that separate articles in a carton.
• Partition inserts separate articles such as bottles sn a carro ⁇ or carrier so as to prevent the bottles from contacting one another This protects against breakage or damage du ⁇ ng snipping and handling.
• a pardon insert thai is used to separate the bottles of two adjacent rows of articles includes a longitudinal primary partition panel that ss Situated between the adjacent rows of articles, and transverse dicier panels each which extends outwardly Uom the longitudinal pnniary parmson panel and between adjacent bottles of one or more of the rows.
• me partition insert would include two transverse divider panels that extend from each side of the longitudinal primary partition panel
• the partition Insert Includes additional transverse divider panels as necessary Additional parutson inserts may be employed in packages containing multiples of these basic bottle groups Ui separate the bottles wsthsn each group, and a simple longitudinal partition panel ss employed to separate the bottles of adjacent groups.
• the transverse divider panels are folded out of the plane of the long ⁇ udlnal primary partition panel to an operative position and the insert part-iso ⁇ is ther- inserted into a group oi bottles by insertion equipment onor to loading the bottles into a carton.
• insert partitions are prone to failure as they are inserted between the articles.
• the transversa divider panels often times rotate out of the operative position so as to contaoi or catch on the tops of articles. Thereby, she insert partitions, articles, or carton can be damaged so as to tnle??upt the packaging process, or at minimum the insert partition can be improperly inserted between the articles.
• the various embodiments of the present invention overcome the shortcomings of the ⁇ nor art by providing a partition insert that includes means for fixing a transverse divider panel In a folded operative position
• the partition insert includes one or more locking flaps Having means for engaging that are hingedly connected to the longitudinal pnmary partition panel and that are foidabie toward the primary partition panel to engage one or more of me transverse divider panels.
• the one or more locking flaps are easily folded manually or by automatic erecting machinery to fsx the position of the transverse divider panels before she partition insert is inserted between a group ol articles.
• a partition insert includes a ongiiijdinai primary panmon panel and transverse divider panels thai are formed ntegraily from the primary partition panel.
• the divider panels can be folded or rotated out of the plane of the primary partition panel end fixed m an operative position by a locking flap, in the operative posters, at ieast a portion of the divider panel extends from a first side of the pnmary partition pane! to separate articles in a firs?
• the divider panels are arranged s ⁇ ch that a first vvsng or portion extends from a first Side of the pnmary partition panel and a second wing or portion expends from a second ssde of the primary partition panel Using such a divider panel arrangement simplifies the foxing operations that are necessary to erect the partition insert.
• the locking Oap and/or the transverse divide? panels include means for engaging one another to Fsx the positions of the divider panels, Means for engaging can sndude elements thai engage an edge of a looking flap or transverse divider panel or combinations of elements thai engage one another in a first embodiment.
• & locking flap includes a notch that engages an edge of a divider panel, in other embodiments, a locking flap includes tabs or protrusions that are received in and engage an aperture in a divider pane!
• a divider panel includes a notch or protrusion thai engages an edge of a locking flap.
• the didder panels are reieasaPly locked in position without the need for adhesive or fasteners
• the partition Insert is formed from a unitary blank that ⁇ ncluoes a longitudinal primary partition panel, transverse divider panels, and a locking flap.
• the transverse divider panels- are defined from and remain ningediy connected Io the primary partition panel after being partially liberated from the primary panmon panel
• the transverse divider panels are ?otatat>le about an axis of rotation that is defined by one or more fold lines that define the hinged connection
• the axis of rotation is defined by a pasr ol aligned fold lines that approximate a single interrupted fold line.
• the locking flap Is hingedly connected to the primary partition panel along a longitudinal fO'd line, for example, along the lower edge o? the primary partition panel.
• the longitudinal fold i; ⁇ e Is substantially perpendicular to she axes of rotation .
• FIG. l is a plan v-ew of a partition insert blank, according Io an exemplary embodiment o? the present invention
• FtG, Z is a perspective view o? a partition insert formed from the partition insert blank of RG. 1, wiih the divider panels looked in their operative positions
• FIG. 4 ss a perspective vsew of a partition insert formed from the partition insert blank of FiG. 3. with the divider panels locked sn th ⁇ sr operative positions
• FIG, 5 is a plan vsew of an alternative partition insert blank, according to a ij third embodiment of the present invention.
• PIG. 6 is a perspective of a par ⁇ ion insert formed from the partition snsert blank oi ' FIG, S, with aii bus one of the protuberances locking ⁇ he divider panels s ⁇ their operative positions
• FIGs-. 7-0 are perspective vsews O ⁇ the partition insert of FIG. 2 as it is ⁇ > positioned between a gnxsp of articles that are packaged in a carters in various ways.
• FIG, 10 Is a plan view of an alternative partition insert blank, according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
• exemplary 1 is used expansively to refer to embodiment thai serve as illustrations, specimens, models, or patterns.
• the figures are not necessarily to scale and some features may be exaggerates or minimized to show details of particular components.
• ⁇ elhknown components, systems, materials, or methods have not been described so detail in order to avoid obscuring the present invention. Therefore, specie structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as hmsimg. ou ⁇ merely as a basis for the ciairns and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled >n the an to variously employ the present invention.
• the exemplary partition inserts are erected from blanks, which are formed from a unsiary sheet of suitable substrate, it ;s to be understood mat, as used herein, the term "suitable substrate" includes ail manner of foidabie sheet matenai including paperboard, corrugated board, cardboard, plashes, metals, combinations thereof, and the like.
• suitable substrate includes ail manner of foidabie sheet matenai including paperboard, corrugated board, cardboard, plashes, metals, combinations thereof, and the like.
• a unitary blank is used to form a partition insert, although it should be recognized mat two or more blanks may be employed. It is envisaged that *he partition insert blank can be Sized or adapted to partition articles of different shapes and sszes and/or different arrangements of articles
• an exemplary partition insert blank 10 can be folded or erected to form a partition insert 1OfJ,
• the blank 10 includes a longitudinal primary partition panel 12.
• the primary partition panel 12 is elongated although it is contemplated thai it may be square or trapezoidal. In any event, the primary partition panel 12 has upper and lower longitudinally extending edges, the lower edge being configured to rest against me bottom wall of a carton.
• Each divider panel 14, 16, IS, 20. 22 remains hngediy connected to the primary panrfi ⁇ n panel 12 along a pair of vertical fold lines 28a, 28b after having been partially separated from ihe pnmary partition panel 12 along severance lines.
• the blank 10 includes vertical severance lines 30, 32, 34, 36, 3S 1 49 thai define the distal edges of the drv;der panels 14, 16, 18, 20, 22.
• Each divider panel 14, 18, 18. 20. 22 is further defined by two pairs of contoured severance hoes 44a, 44b, 46a, 46b which define the upper and lower edges of the divider panels 14, IS, 18. 20, 22 Each contoured severance line 44a.
• the contoured severance lines 44®, 44b connect opposing ends of the vertical severance line 30 *o inside ends of the vertical ioid lines 28a, 28b, respectively, and the contoured severance lines 4Sa. 4Sb connect opposing ends of the vertical severance line 32 to outside ends of vertical fold lines 28a. 28b, respectively.
• the vertical fold lines 28a, 28b form the hsnged connection that defines the axis of rotation A about which the divider panel 14, IS, IB.
• each divider panel 14, 16. 18, 211, 22 has wings of portions FI. F2 that extend from opposite Sides of the primary partition panel 12 when the insert partition 100 is erected.
• Ihe iVsi portion FI can be distinguished from the second portion PZ by the axis of rotation A.
• the portions Fl P2 of the divider panels 14, 16, 18, 20 : 22 are also defined by certain of the severance lines.
• the hrst portion PI of the divider panel 14 ss defined by the vertical severance line 30, the contoured severance lines 44a 44b, and the axis of rotation A.
• the second portion P2 ol the divider panel 14 is defined by tne vertical severance line 32.
• Each divider panel 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 Is substantially identical such that Ihe description of ihe divide? panei 14 ss applicable to the other divider panels IS. 18. 20, 22.
• each portion PI In embodiments in which each article 8 is a round cylinder, each portion PI.
• P2 has a maximum width C measured from the axss A to the dsstai edge of the portion PI , P2, thai Is at least half the diameter of an article B, So that Ihe pomon PI, P2 is disposed between the pomts or racy between the articles B to be separated
• me thickness of the divider panels and the wsdih C can be selected ID obtain optimum separators oetween articles of venous cross sectional shapes and sizes.
• thai the maximum widsh of adjacent portions Pi, P2 can be increased by providing thai the shared severance ⁇ ne thai defines the distal edges of the adjacent persons PI , P2 is contoured; curved, or at an angie with respect to the axis of rotation, rather than vertical or parallel to the axis of rotation as illustrated in the exemplary embodiments
• each divider panel can be hingediy connected to the primary partition panel along one or more fold lines and may consss ⁇ of a single wmg that extends from a singie ssde of the primary partition panel.
• the locking flap 26 is hingediy connected to the primary partition panel 12 aiong a foid lsne 50.
• *he fold line 50 defies or •$ positioned along the lower edge of ihe primary partition panel 12, and ss substantially perpendicular io the axes of rotation A
• the fold hne 50 can be at other angles or o ⁇ entatsons with respect to the axes of rotation A and cars be offset from an edge of the primary partition panel 12
• the locking flap 26 can be hingediy connected to other edges of the partition panel 12
• the blank IS further includes elements that provide means for engaging such thai the locking fiap 26 and the divider panels 14, 16, IS. 20, 22 engage one another as the blank 10 Is erected, as described sn further detail below,
• means for engaging includes notches 62 that are disposed sn a d-st ⁇ i edge of the locking flap 26
• the notches 52 are positioned so as to be substantially bssecied by respective axes of relation A. Thereby, the notches 52 are aligned with a respective ponlson PI .
• d-sfal edge ' refers io an edge thai is situated away from the point of attachment, for example, an end edge that ss spaced apart from a foid line (hat defines a hinged connection.
• each notch 52 is a design choice thai is at least partially dependent on which portion PI 5 P2 of each divider pane! 14, 16. 1S. 20, 22, ⁇ 24 is to De engaged by the locking flap 2 ⁇ and is additionally dependent on the dimensions and shape of the portion Pi 1 P2 and the Width W of the locking Hap 26.
• the innermost point of each notch 52 is a distance SI from the fold sine ⁇ 0 wherein the distance SI Is less than or equal to a distance S2 or a distance S3 depending on the folding procedure used Io erect the partition insert
• the notch 52 Is to engage the partition Pl then the distance Si Is less than or equal to the distance S2. Conversely, if the notch 62 is to engage the portion P2, then the distance SI is less than or equal to the distance S3.
• the distances S2, S3 are defined as the distances between the fold line SO and the intersection of the vertlcai fold sine 2Bb and the i s contoured severance lines 44b, 46b, respectively, in the exemplary embodiment, the si ⁇ e and shape of the notch S2 is designed to engage the portion PI of each divider panel 14, 16, 18, 20, 22. Specifically, the notch 52 is designed to engage the edge of the divider panel 14. 16, 18, 20, 22 that rs deimed by the contoured severance line 44b.
• erecting the partition Insert carton ICH! from rhe blank 10 may be accomplished with the folding operations as described herein.
• the operations can be performed by automatic erecting machinery and/or manually
• the method of performing the erecting process is not hmiied Io the exemplary method described herein. Particularly, the order of the steps can be altered according to
• Each divider panel 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 Is folded along the vertical fold isnes 28a ; 28b so as to rotate about the axis of rot ⁇ rion ⁇
• each divider panel 14, IS, 18. 2 ⁇ , 22 is rotated until it is substantially perpendicular to the primary panirion panel 12 and such that the portions PI, P2 are disposed on opposing sides 50 of the primary partition panel 12.
• each divider panel can he rotated until it is at a desired angle relative to the primary partition panel 12 and fixed m position at that angle. This alternative configuration may be useful for example, to partition a staggered arrangement of articles.
• the locking flap 26 Is then folded along fold isne SO to rotate toward the side of the primary pardon pane! 12 wherein the portion PI of each divider pane! 14, IS, 18 : 20, 22 is disposed such thai each notch 52 engages an edge of a respective divider panel 14. 16, IS. 20, 22 to fix the position of each divider panel 14, 16, IS 1 20, 22.
• One of the benefits of the partiuon insert 100 Is the Simplicity of the method for erecting the partition insert 190. That is, the divider panels 14. 16, 18, 20, 22 are engaged all at once with the rotation of the one locking flap 26. Additionally, the notch 52 provides a simple means for engaging that easily engages the edge of a respective divider panei and ss aiso easily disengaged from a respective divider panel.
• RG, 3 there is illustrated anorher alternative embodiment of she present invention.
• the same element number has been used wlrh the addition of the prefix >: 2" or "3" '
• the blank 10 shown in FIG. 1 is substantially similar to the blank 210 shown in FIG. 3 and the partition insert 100 shown sn HG, 2 is substantially similar ⁇ O the partition insert 300 shown in RG, 4. Accordingly, certain elements shown in FIGs. 3 and 4 will be merely introduced and only the features that warrant further discussion wili be described in detail.
• the partition insert blank 210 can be folded or erected to form the partition insert 300,
• the partition insert blank 210 includes a primary partition panel 212.
• Each divider panel 214, 216, 218. 220, 222 is hingediy connected to the primary partition panel 212 along a pair of vertical fold lines 228a, 228b that define an axss of rotation A.
• the partition insert blank 21 ⁇ includes vertical severance lines 23 ⁇ , 232, 234, 236, 23S.
• each divider panel 214, 210, 218. 220. 222 is further defined by two pairs of contoured severance lines 244a. 244b, 246a, 240b that conneci one end of a vertical severance line 230, 232, 234, 236, 238, 240 to one end of a verteai fold hne 228a. 228b.
• each divider panel 214, 21 S, 218, 220, 222 includes a first portion PI, which is distinguished from a second portion P2 by the axis of rotation A
• the blank 210 further includes a substantially ⁇ nang ⁇ iar aperture 242 that remains at a lower end of certain vertical severance lines 232, 234 236, 238 after material is struck from the primary partition panel .212 to define at leas ⁇ one of the lower corners of the divider panels ZI 4.. 216. 218. 220 ; 222
• the angled lower comers further reduce the likelihood ?ha* divider panels 214, 216. 218. 220, 222 wdl contact the articles as the partition insert 300 ss inserted between a group of articles, further, in this embodiment, the pon'so ⁇ F2 of each of the divider panels 214, 216. 218. 220, 222 includes a receiving aperture 248 that is disposed adjacent to and between the vertical fold lines 22Sb. 228c
• the locking flap 226 is hmgedly connected to the lower edge of pnmary partition panel 212 along a fold line 250
• means for engaging includes tabs 258a, 258b that are dehned in the locking flap 226
• Each set of tabs 2S8a, 25Bb is defined by a notch 2S2, an aperture 2S4, and a severance h ⁇ e 256 that are disposed in the locking flap 226 and that are ahg ⁇ ed with or substantially bisected by a respective axis of rotation A, Further, the severance line 2S6 extends from the notch 252 to the aperture 254 to define each set of tabs 2SSa. 2 ⁇ 8fe One or both of the tabs 258a.
• each notch 252 end aperture 254 and the length of each severance line 256 are dessgn choices tha? are at least partially dependent on the position, ssze. and shape of the receiving aperture 248,
• the partition insert plank aiCI can be folded according to a method that >s substantially similar to the method described above sn order to form the partition insert 300.
• the locking flap 226 is folded along the fold lsne 250 to rotate toward the portion P2 of each divider panel 214, 216. 218, 220, 222
• the edge of each divider panel 214, 216, 218 220, 222 that is defined by contoured severance line 24Sb first engages a respective notch 252 and separates the labs 2S8a, 258b from one another.
• the tabs 258a, 2SBb contact opposing surfaces of the portion P2 until the tabs 25 ⁇ a, 258b reach the receiving aperture 248.
• the tabs 258a, 25Sfo are then received m an ⁇ engage the receiving aperture 248 to fix the position of each divider panel 214, 216 ; .218, 220, 222 and thereby form the partition insert 300,
• One of the benefits of the partition insert 300 is that the engagement between the taps 250a, 25Bb and the receiving aperture 248 provides a strong socking relationship to Substantially prevent the seeking flap 226 from being released or disengaged fro the divider panels once the partition Insert 300 is formed.
• FIG, S there is illustrated another alternative embodiment of the present invention.
• the same element number has been used with the addition of the prefix ' ' 4 " or "5".
• the blank 10 shown in FtG, 1 is substantially similar to the blank 410 shown sn FIG, 5
• the partition insert 100 shown in FlG, 2 is substantially similar to the partition insert SQQ shown In FIG. 6. Accordingly, certain of the elements shown in FIGs. 5 and 6 will merely be introduced and only the features that warrant further discussion will be described in detail
• the partition insert biank 410 includes a primary partition panel 412, divider panels 414, 418, 418, 420, 422,. and locking liaps 426.
• Each divider panel 414, 416, 418, 420, 422 is hingediy connected to the primary partition panel 412 along a parr of vertical fold lines 42Sa, 428b that define an axis of rotation A
• the blank 410 includes vertical severance lines 430, 432, 434. 436, 438, 440 and contoured severance lines 444a, 444b : 446a, 44 ⁇ fo thai at least partially define the divider panels 414, 416, 418, 420, 422.
• the blank 410 f ⁇ fthe?
• each divider panel 414, 416, 418, 420. 422 Includes a first portion PI . which is distinguished from a second portion P2 by the axss of rotation A, The second portion P2 of each divider panel 414, 416, 418, 420 ; 422 includes a receiving aperture 448.
• the socking flaps 426 are each hi ⁇ gediy connected Io the lower edge of the primary partition panel 412 along a ( old ⁇ ne 450 and aligned with a respective divider pane! 414, 416, 418, 420, 422.
• Each locking flap 42 ⁇ Incudes a base portion 4S2, an extending portion 4B4, and a protuberance 4 ⁇ .
• each locking Hep 4H extends longitudinally to provide a stronger ranged connection between the locking Haps 42 ⁇ and the primary partition panel 412 or otherwise increase the length of each fold line 45iX
• the extending portion 494 of each locking flap 426 extends in a substantially perpendicular direction from the base portion 4S2 ar * d the protuberance and the protuberance 456 of each locking flap 426 extends In a substantially perpendicular direction from me extending portion 454
• the protuberance 456 is dimensioned and positioned to be received in and engage a respective receiving aperture 448, as described In further detail below, and thereby provides means for engaging
• a portion of the protuberance 456 and a respective receiving apedure 448 are disposed on opposite sides of the axis of rotation A. Further, the center of the protuberance 4SS ss a distance S4 from the fold line 450 ; the center of the receiving aperture 448 Is a distance S4 from the fold fine 45 ⁇ , and she height HZ of lhe protuberance 4SS is less than ihe height HI of the receiving aperture 448,
• One of the benefits of the blank 500 is that less materia! is consumed to form the locking flaps 426 than to form one of the locking flaps 26, 226,
• the partition insert Plank 410 can be folded or erected to form the partition insert ⁇ 00 according io a non-limiting method as described below.
• each divider panel rnay be rotated one hundred and thirty five degrees In a clockwise direction.
• the locking flaps 426 are then folded along fold lines 4SO reward the side of the primary partition panel 412 from which the portion P2 of each divider panel 414, 416, 41 B, 420, 422 extends until the protuberance 456 is adjacent to me receiving aperture 448
• Each divider panel 414, 416, 410, 420, 422 is tft&n rotated about a respective ax.s of rotation A in a direction opposite the first direction or otherwise toward the locking flap 426 such thai the protuberances 456 of the locking flaps 42S are received in the receiving apertures 448 The tendency ol the divider panels 414.
• ihe locking flaps 426 can rotate and secure ihe divider panels 414, 416, 41 B, 420, 422 regardless of which direction the divider panels 414 416, 418, 420, 422 are rotated Accordingly, the portions Pi, P2 can extend from either side of the primary partition panel 412 and different portions PI, P2 of different divider panels can extend from ihe same ssde of the primary partition panel 412. It should be noted that another benefit of the partition insert SCIO is that each of the locking flaps 426 ;s positioned or disposed in the space Petween four cylindrical articles B when the partition Insert SOO is positioned between a group ot articles 8 such that the locking Haps 426 do not interfere With the articles 8,
• the means for engaging is not limited to the elements or arrangements of elements described herein Rather, it is contemplated thai either or both of the divider panel and respective locking flap can Include complimentary or othervysse inten ' ockabie elements thai provide means for engaging including, but not limited to, notches, ridges, slots, slits, apertures, protuberances, tabs, extensions, combinations thereof, and Hie like.
• the parisuon insen' l ⁇ can be dropped, lowered, fired, positioned, or Inserted sn between a group of articles B that are arranged ;n an article group, such as the exemplary two by six matrix conjuration. Then, the entire assembly can be pushed into an open end of a tubular canon Ml, as - N - xhowh In RG. T, or wraparound packaging M3 can be applied to enclose the ancles B and the parson insert. as shown in FIG. S.
• the partition insert 100 can be dropped, lowered, fsred, positioned, or inserted in between a group of articles 8 that are included in a carton N3 and arranged m a two by ssx matrix configurator*, as shown in FiG. B
• Means for engaging provides that the locking flap retains the divider panels 14. 16. 18, 20. 22 in a folded operative position or otherwise keeps the divider panels 14. 16, 18, 20, 22 substantially perpendicular to She primary partition panel 12 Thereby, as the partition insert 100 is inserted between a group of articles B, the divider panels 14, 1 ⁇ , Ig. 20, 22 are fixedly positioned so as to De less likely to contact or collide WiIh the top of an article B, which may result in damage to the partition insert
• divider panel 14 may be rotated in a clockwise direction while divider oanei 16 ; s rotated sn a counterclockwise direction, and so forth,
• an alternative,- embodiment, of a partition insen" blank can be folded or erected to ⁇ xni a partition insert (not shown ⁇ .
• the blank 810 includes a pnrnary partition panel 612 and divider panels 614, 61 £>, 618, 620, 622 that are substantially ssm ⁇ ar to those m the embodiments described herein
• the blank 610 includes locking fiaps 626 that are defined from she primary partition panel 612.
• Each locking flap 626 remains hingeoiy connected to the primary partition panel 612 along a longitudinal fold line 660 after having been partially separated from the primary partition pane! 612 along severance lines 86Da, ⁇ € ⁇ b.
• Each oi the severance lines 66Qa, 660b extends between an end of the fold line 650 and an edge of the primary partition panel 612.
• the fold line 650 is offset from the edge of she pnmary partition panel 612 and the distal end of each locking Hap 626 is implanted by a portion of the edge of the primary partition parcel 612.
• Each locking flap 826 further includes a notch 626 that provides means for engaging she divider oaneis 614. 616. 618. 620. 622.
• the blank 61 Q can be optimized Io use a minimum amount of material and csn be easily formed from a single sheet of mate ⁇ ai

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Cartons (AREA)
• Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

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• 2007
  • 2007-01-03 RU RU2008131940/12A patent/RU2008131940A/ru unknown
  • 2007-01-03 EP EP07756274A patent/EP1973784A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-01-03 WO PCT/US2007/060057 patent/WO2007120935A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2007-01-03 US US12/160,080 patent/US20090173774A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-01-03 CA CA002636102A patent/CA2636102A1/en not_active Abandoned

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