EP1971457A1 - Method of manufacturing a brazed assembly - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing a brazed assemblyInfo
- Publication number
- EP1971457A1 EP1971457A1 EP07702582A EP07702582A EP1971457A1 EP 1971457 A1 EP1971457 A1 EP 1971457A1 EP 07702582 A EP07702582 A EP 07702582A EP 07702582 A EP07702582 A EP 07702582A EP 1971457 A1 EP1971457 A1 EP 1971457A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- brazing
- flux
- composition
- aluminium
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 19
- -1 hydroxyfluoroaluminium Chemical compound 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 12
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Cs+] XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 7
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 3
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- SKFYTVYMYJCRET-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium;tetrafluoroalumanuide Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[Al+3].[K+] SKFYTVYMYJCRET-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- JOLQKTGDSGKSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound CCOCC(C)O JOLQKTGDSGKSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910020440 K2SiF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004074 SiF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910006776 Si—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001495 sodium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910019975 (NH4)2SiF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940044613 1-propanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEWCNXNIQCLWHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(tert-butylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCNC(C)(C)C BEWCNXNIQCLWHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDSQBDGCMUXRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-butoxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCOC(C)COC(C)COC(C)CO JDSQBDGCMUXRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFSMVVDJSNMRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOCCO WFSMVVDJSNMRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COCLLEMEIJQBAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C COCLLEMEIJQBAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium flouride Chemical compound F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020261 KBF4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004883 Na2SiF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012164 animal wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- AOJOEFVRHOZDFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 AOJOEFVRHOZDFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006023 eutectic alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C HMZGPNHSPWNGEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- LXPCOISGJFXEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxifentorex Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C[N+](C)([O-])C(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 LXPCOISGJFXEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- JTDPJYXDDYUJBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline-2-carbohydrazide Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)NN)=CC=C21 JTDPJYXDDYUJBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AHLATJUETSFVIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Rb+] AHLATJUETSFVIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010023 transfer printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- KEROTHRUZYBWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C KEROTHRUZYBWCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000012178 vegetable wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/365—Selection of non-metallic compositions of coating materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3603—Halide salts
- B23K35/3605—Fluorides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/361—Alumina or aluminates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3612—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with organic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3613—Polymers, e.g. resins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3612—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with organic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3618—Carboxylic acids or salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/06—Tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/282—Zn as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
- B23K35/288—Al as the principal constituent with Sn or Zn
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of manufacturing a shaped product by means of brazing to form a brazed assembly, and to a metal substrate having a defined coating of brazing composition and to the use of such a brazing composition in the method.
- Substrates of aluminium or aluminium alloy in the form of sheet or extrusion are used to make shaped, or formed, products.
- parts of (shaped) aluminium comprising substrates are interconnected.
- One end of a substrate may be interconnected with the other end, or one substrate may be assembled with one or more other substrates.
- This is commonly done by brazing.
- a brazing filler metal or brazing alloy, or a composition producing a brazing alloy upon heating is applied to at least one portion of the substrate to be brazed. After the substrate parts are assembled, they are heated until the brazing metal or brazing alloy melts. The melting point of the brazing material is lower than the melting point of the aluminium comprising substrate(s).
- Brazing employs a filler metal, also referred to as a brazing alloy, having a liquidus above 45O 0 C and below the solidus of the base metal. Brazing is distinguished from soldering by the melting point of the filler metal: solders melt below 45O 0 C.
- Brazing sheet products finds wide applications in heat exchangers and other similar equipment.
- Conventional brazing products have a core of rolled sheet, typically an aluminium alloy of the Aluminium Association (AA)3000-series, having on at least one surface of said cores sheet clad an aluminium clad layer, the aluminium clad layer being made of an AA4000-series alloy comprising silicon in an amount in the range of 2 to 18 % by weight, and preferably in the range of 7 to 14 % by weight.
- the aluminium clad layer may be coupled to the core alloy in various ways known in the art, for example by means of roll bonding, cladding spray-forming or semi- continuous or continuous casting processes.
- These aluminium clad layers have a liquidus temperature typically in the range of 575 to 605 0 C.
- Controlled Atmosphere Brazing (“CAB”) and Vacuum Brazing (“VB”) are the two main processes used for industrial scale aluminium brazing.
- Industrial vacuum brazing has been used since the 1950's, while CAB became popular in the early 1980's after the introduction of the Nocoloc ® (trade mark) brazing flux.
- Vacuum brazing is an essentially discontinuous process and puts high demands on material cleanliness. The disruption of the oxide layer present is mainly caused by the evaporation of magnesium from the clad alloy. There is always more magnesium present in the furnace then necessary. The excess magnesium condenses on the cold spots in the furnace and has to be removed frequently.
- CAB requires an additional process step prior to brazing as compared to VB, since a brazing flux has to be applied prior to brazing.
- CAB is essentially a continuous process in which, if the proper brazing flux is being used, high volumes of brazed assemblies can be manufactured.
- the brazing flux dissolves amongst others the oxide layer at brazing temperature allowing the clad alloy to flow properly.
- a flux composition comprises a flux, or fluxing agent, for example an oxyfluoroaluminium, a hydroxyfluoroaluminium, a potassium fluoroaluminate, a fluoroborate, or a fluoro- zincate.
- a flux, or fluxing agent for example an oxyfluoroaluminium, a hydroxyfluoroaluminium, a potassium fluoroaluminate, a fluoroborate, or a fluoro- zincate.
- brazing flux has to be applied on the total surface of the brazed assembly. This can cause difficulties with certain types of assemblies because of their design. For example, because evaporator type heat exchangers have a large internal surface, problems can arise because of poor access to the interior. For good brazing results the flux has to adhere to the aluminium surface before brazing. Unfortunately the brazing flux after drying can easily fall off due to small mechanical vibrations.
- flux compositions comprising a synthetic resin which mainly comprises a methacrylate homopolymer, a methacrylate copolymer or a olefin-acrylate copolymer.
- the flux compositions are applied to a sheet like aluminium or aluminium containing substrates, these substrates are shaped, and after the shaping the brazing takes place.
- a lubricant e.g. a lubricating oil. This lubricant has to be removed before or after the brazing process.
- a resin having lubricating properties is used so that the deformation step of the aluminium substrate can be performed without using an additional lubricant.
- lubricating resins polyester resin, nylon resin, and vinylidene fluoride resin
- the bond formed between the aluminium members using a process as described in EP-1233345-A2 will be less strong than the bond formed in a metal brazing process.
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a shaped product by means of brazing, whereby a specific coating is being used that can be applied to sheet or extruded material, that can be shaped into various forms without the need to use an additional lubricant.
- the method according to the present invention comprising the steps of: a. producing an intermediate object of metal, preferably of aluminium or aluminium alloy, by rolling or extrusion and having at least one flat surface, b. coating the at least one surface with a brazing composition comprising a resin, a wax, and a flux and/or flux-producing compound, c. reshaping of the intermediate object into a shaped product, and d.
- brazed assembly is heated to a temperature sufficient to provide at least one brazed connection between defined parts of the shaped product and thereby forming a brazed assembly, and preferably immediately following the brazing operation the brazed assembly is being cooled to below 100°C, preferably by using a cooling rate of at least 20°C/min, and more preferably at least 40°C/min.
- a wax is a naturally occurring or synthetic material that is solid at 20 0 C.
- the melting point of a wax normally is at least 40 0 C, and at its melting temperature the material does not decompose.
- Waxes that are suitable for use in a brazing composition employed according to the present invention may have a consistency at 2O 0 C ranging from soft and plastic to brittle and hard.
- An advantage of the brazing composition used according to the present invention is that the brazing composition of the present invention is self lubricating, in other words, the frictional properties are improved.
- an aluminium alloy substrate which is coated with a flux composition according to the present invention can be deformed without using an additional lubricant.
- the brazing composition may be used with regular lubricants for forming of a coated substrate without the loss of brazing characteristics.
- the brazing composition also works as an anti-blocking agent during the deformation.
- the wax in the composition reduces or eliminates the problem of sticking of the flux composition to the deformation equipment.
- the use of a brazing composition according to the present invention reduces the wear on the deformation equipment.
- a substrate coated with a flux composition according to the present invention does not need to be cleaned and dried after deforming.
- Another advantage is the improved scratch and abrasion resistance of the substrate because the brazing composition forms a protective layer, especially during deforming such as by bending.
- An applied layer of the brazing composition of the present invention has, optionally after drying and/or curing, an improved resistance to damage compared to conventional flux compositions.
- the brazing composition used according to the present invention is very suitable to be used in a controlled application process. It is relatively easy to obtain a uniform application of the brazing composition of the invention. A uniformly applied flux composition is advantageous as it results in an improved flux distribution. An improved flux distribution is advantageous as it results in an improved joint quality, a reduced rejection rate, and reduced waste when the substrate is brazed.
- the metal substrate having at least one flat surface may be in the form of a sheet material, a plate material, or an extrusion. These aluminium alloys are then used as the structural member, for which both non-heat treatable as heat treatable aluminium alloys may be applied. Typically material selected from the Aluminium Association AA3xxx, AA5xxx and AA ⁇ xxx series aluminium alloys are used.
- the shaped product can be for example also a folded tube, or a welded tube, or a wrapped tube, preferably the wrapped tube is a manifold tube.
- a wrapped tube is especially useful in high pressure applications such as brake lines or hydraulic applications. This kind of tube types are known to the person skilled in the art.
- the intermediate object prior to the reshaping is being coiled once it has been coated. Coils of the composite sheet material as such may be supplied to the manufacturer of brazed assemblies, which overcomes all necessary processing steps related to applying and removing of the brazing flux at this side.
- the flux or flux-producing compound in the brazing composition according to the present invention may be chloride comprising, and preferably comprises fluoride.
- the flux or flux-producing compound is solid at room temperature, more preferably it is added to the composition as a powder.
- the brazing composition may comprise a mixture of one or more flux compounds and/or one or more flux- producing compounds.
- the amount of flux or flux-producing compound applied on the flat surface is in a range of 0.5 to 10 g/m 2 , and more preferably in a range of 1 to 6 g/m 2 .
- potassium fluoride comprising flux compounds
- KF Potassium fluoride
- AIF 3 aluminium fluoride
- CsF caesium fluoride
- RbF rubidium fluoride
- LiF lithium fluoride
- NaF sodium fluoride
- CaF 2 calcium fluoride
- Potassium fluoroaluminates such as potassium tetrafluoroaluminate (KAIF 4 ), potassium pentafluoroaluminate (K 2 AIF 5 , K 2 AIF 5 -H 2 O), and potassium hexafluoroaluminate (K 3 AIF 6 ).
- Oxyfluoroaluminum such as AI 2 F 4 O and AIFO.
- Hydroxyfluoroaluminium such as AIF 2 (OH), AIF 2 (OH)-H 2 O, and AIF(OH) 2 .
- Fluoroborates such as potassium tetrafluoroborate (KBF 4 ) and sodium tetrafluoroborate (NaBF 4 ). Examples of such fluxes have been described in GB-899171-A, GB-1007039-A, and US-4, 235,649.
- Fluorozineses such as potassium trifluorozinese (KZnF 3 ), potassium tetrafluorozonule (K 2 ZnF 4 ), caesium trifluorozinese (CsZnF 3 ), and caesium tetrafluorozinese (Cs 2 ZnF 4 ). Examples of such fluxes have been described in DE- 199131 11-A and WO-9948641-A.
- Alkali metal fluorosilicates such as caesium hexafluorosilicate (Cs 2 SiF 6 ), potassium hexafluorosilicate (K 2 SiF 6 ), lithium hexafluorosilicate (Si 2 SiF 6 ), rubidium hexafluorosilicate (Rb 2 SiF 6 ), sodium hexafluorosilicate (Na 2 SiF 6 ), and ammonium hexafluorosilicate ((NH 4 ) 2 SiF 6 ).
- Cs 2 SiF 6 caesium hexafluorosilicate
- K 2 SiF 6 potassium hexafluorosilicate
- Li 2 SiF 6 lithium hexafluorosilicate
- Rb 2 SiF 6 rubidium hexafluorosilicate
- Na 2 SiF 6 sodium hexafluorosilicate
- ammonium hexafluorosilicate (NH 4 ) 2 SiF 6 ).
- Alkali bimetal fluorosilicates such as potassium caesium hexafluorosilicate (KCsSiF 6 ), lithium caesium hexafluorosilicate (LiCsSiF 6 ), rubidium caesium hexafluorosilicate (RbCsSiF 6 ), rubidium potassium hexafluorosilicate (RbKSiF 6 ) and ammonium caesium hexafluorosilicate (NH 4 CsSiF 6 ).
- KsSiF 6 potassium caesium hexafluorosilicate
- LiCsSiF 6 lithium caesium hexafluorosilicate
- RbCsSiF 6 rubidium caesium hexafluorosilicate
- RbKSiF 6 rubidium potassium hexafluorosilicate
- NH 4 CsSiF 6 ammonium caesium hexaflu
- Alkali metal bifluorosilicates also referred to as alkali metal hydrofluorosilicates
- alkali metal hydrofluorosilicates such as caesium hydrofluorosilicate (CsHSiF 6 ), potassium hydrofluorosilicate (KHSiF 6 ), lithium hydrofluorosilicate (LiHSiF 6 ), and ammonium hydrofluorosilicate (NH 4 HSiF 6 ).
- Caesiumfluoroaluminate complexes such as caesium fluoride (CsF), caesium hexafluoroaluminate (Cs 3 AIF 6 ), caesium tetrafluoroaluminate (CsAIF 4 , CsAIF 4 -H 2 O), and caesium pentafluoroaluminate (CsAIF 5 , CsAIF 5 . H 2 O).
- Examples of such fluxes have been described in US- 4,670,067, US-5,171 ,377, US-5,806,752, US-5,771 ,962, and US-4,655,385. So- called super-fluid fluxes can be used as well.
- the composition may comprise fluxes based upon K 2 SiF 6 or KZnF 3 .
- This type of reactive fluxes can produce potassium fluoroaluminate, which acts as a flux material.
- the brazing composition of the present invention comprises at least one flux or flux-producing compound. It may comprise mixtures of the above-mentioned examples of flux and flux-producing compounds.
- potassium fluoroaluminate(s) or compound(s) producing potassium fluoroaluminates, or mixtures thereof are used.
- Examples of commercially available potassium fluoroaluminate comprising flux materials can be mentioned: Nocolok ® and Nocolok Sil ® (ex Solvay Chemicals).
- the brazing composition according to the present invention comprises a resin.
- this resin is a synthetic resin.
- the (synthetic) resin comprises as its main constituent, an acrylic acid ester, preferably a methacrylic acid ester.
- the resin mainly comprises a methacrylate homopolymer or a methacrylate copolymer. It is also possible to use mixtures of such resins.
- the resin used in the present invention evaporates and/or easily decomposes during the brazing process, and can thus attain an excellent outward appearance of a brazed portion after brazing, without causing brazing insufficiency such as residual carbon.
- the resin is a synthetic resin comprising 90-100 wt% of an acrylic acid ester, for example the resin comprises 90-100 wt% polymethyl methacrylate.
- the resin has a composition which volatilizes in the range of 175- 400 0 C, and preferably below 35O 0 C.
- the wax in the brazing composition used according to the present invention is a wax that evaporates or decomposes preferably during heat-up in a brazing process, which takes place at a temperature above 450 0 C, and more typically takes place in the range of 500 to 64O 0 C, more typically in the range of 560 to 62O 0 C, when aluminium substrate is involved.
- the brazing composition used according to the present invention further comprises at least one wax.
- a single wax may be used, but it is also possible to use two or more waxes, for example a blend of two or more waxes.
- the wax may be modified or unmodified. Naturally occurring waxes, such as vegetable waxes or animal waxes, may be used. Additionally, or alternatively, synthetic waxes may be used.
- the wax is a hydrocarbon wax, i.e. a wax consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms and no or substantially no other atoms; the hydrocarbon wax preferably consists of more than 90%, even more preferably of more than 95% of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
- the wax is a polyolefin wax, i.e. an unsaturated hydrocarbon wax.
- mixtures of hydrocarbon waxes, hydrocarbon wax(es) and polyolefin wax(es) or mixtures of polyolefin waxes are used, and whereby mixtures of hydrocarbon wax(es) and/or polyolefin wax(es) are preferred.
- the brazing composition according to the present invention may further comprise a brazing material formed by a brazing metal or brazing alloy, or a composition producing a brazing alloy upon heating.
- the brazing material forms an eutectic alloy or near-eutectic with aluminium upon brazing.
- the brazing composition may comprise Si, for example Si- particles in powder form, Zn, Cu, or Ge.
- Other examples are alloys of metals (e.g. Si, Zn, Cu, Sn, Ge) with aluminium or with zinc.
- Zinc alloys being another frequently used filler metal for brazing.
- alloys of Si with aluminium can be mentioned AA4047 and AA 4045.
- the brazing alloy is an Al-Si alloy having additions of Cu and/or Zn to substantially lower the melting point of the alloy, thereby allowing a brazing operation to be carried out at lower temperatures such as 52O 0 C, 54O 0 C or 560 0 C.
- the brazing alloy is an Al-Si-Zn hypereutectic alloy, preferably composed of a powder or mixture of powders, each powder or mixture of powders consisting essentially of one or more of Al, Si or Zn, and wherein in the Al-Si-Zn hypereutectic alloy, preferably composed of a powder or mixture of powders, each powder or mixture of powders consisting essentially of one or more of Al, Si or Zn, and wherein in the Al-
- Si-Zn hypereutectic alloy has a composition such that Si is in a range of 14 to 45 wt.% and the Zn is in a range of 5 to 30 wt.%.
- a low-melting brazing alloy is used for brazing at a temperature in the range of 520 to 58O 0 C.
- the brazing alloy comprises 0.001 to 3.0 wt.% of rare-earth element, 20 to 50 wt.% of Zn, 10 wt.% or less of Si, optionally
- Ti as optionally present has an effect for preventing a solidification cracking of the brazed connection.
- All rare-earth elements or a mixture thereof may be employed. Among these elements, misch metal, La, Ce or Sm, which can be obtained at lower cost, are preferably used.
- the brazing composition may comprise one or more solvents.
- the viscosity of the wet brazing composition can be regulated and thus regular coating methods can be used.
- the brazing composition comprises an organic solvent.
- a solvent having hydrophilic properties is used.
- a solvent or mixture of solvents is used that has good polymer solvation and/or application properties.
- preferred solvents are 2-propanol, 1- propanol, ethylene glycol mono-ethyl ether, di-ethylene glycol mono-ethyl ether, tri- ethylene glycol mono-ethyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-butyl ether, propylene glycol mono-ethyl ether, propylene glycol mono ethyl ether, propylene glycol ester, butan-1-ol, 1-methyoxy-2-propanol, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl- pentan-2-one, and 1-methoxy-2-propylacetate, or mixtures thereof.
- additives may be added to the brazing composition when used according to the present invention.
- an anti-oxidant for example, an anti-corrosive agent, an anti-foaming agent, a thickener, a plasticizer, a tackifier, a coupling agent, and the like may be added.
- shelf stability prevention of separation of for example the brazing alloy powder
- coating properties prevention of dripping of the applied brazing composition
- mineral oils, paraffin oils, silicone fluids and/or polysiloxane compounds may be added, as these may influence the lubricating or slip properties of the brazing composition.
- the weight ratio of the flux and/or flux-producing compound(s) to the resin(s) normally is in the range of 1 :2 to 6:1 , preferably in the range of 1 :2 to 3:1 , and highly preferably in the range of 3:2 to 5:2, the weight ratio being calculated on the weight of these components in the uncured coating composition at room temperature.
- the ratio of the weight of the wax(es) to the combined weight of the flux and/or flux- producing compound(s) and of the resin(s) normally is in the range of 1 :99 to 30:70, preferably in the range of 1 :99 to 15:85, and highly preferably in the range of 2:98 to 10:90, the weight ratio being calculated on the weight of these components in the uncured coating composition.
- the ratio of the weight of the dispersion agent(s) to the combined weight of the flux and/or flux-producing compound(s) and of the resin(s) and of the wax(es) normally is in the range of 0.2:99.8 to 10:90, preferably in the range of 0.3:99.7 to 4:96, and highly preferably in the range of 0.4:99.6 to 3:97.
- a brazing composition is prepared that evaporates and/or easily decomposes at an increasing temperature during the brazing process, ideally during the heat-up cycle during brazing, in which process the brazing temperature is within the range of 500 to 640 0 C. In a further embodiment the brazing temperature is within the range of 560 to 620 0 C when aluminium alloy is the intermediate object. The decomposed resin leaves almost no carbon residue on the final shaped and brazed product. In a further embodiment the brazing is performed in an inert atmosphere, e.g. an inert nitrogen or argon atmosphere. Brazing may be performed in regular batch type furnaces or, more commonly, in continuous tunnel furnaces.
- the present invention further relates to a process in which a brazing composition according to the present invention is applied to an aluminium comprising substrate.
- the brazing composition may be applied by means of a roller coating, a spray method, immersion method, co-extrusion, roll-transfer printing, or the like.
- the thickness of the brazing composition applied on the metal substrate to substantially the same over the whole surface area covered.
- the solvent preferably is removed partially or completely from the brazing composition after it has been applied to the substrate.
- the coating may be allowed to dry naturally or may be forced to dry.
- the applied brazing composition is heated; more preferably, the applied brazing composition is heated until the brazing composition is dry, i.e. until the composition comprises less than 5 weight% of solvent, calculated on the total weight of the dried composition.
- Such a heating is typically carried out at a temperature of about 30 to 17O 0 C.
- the coating of brazing composition is completely dried before the brazing process. This is because when the brazing composition is not dried, the organic solvent is rapidly gasified to generate a gas by which the applied brazing composition may be scattered.
- the organic solvent is removed in the preheating step, and thus it is not always necessary to completely dry the brazing composition after application, and the brazing composition can be brazed even it is dry to the touch or nor dried.
- the "dry to the touch” means that the brazing composition is dried to such a degree that the composition, upon being pressed against a finger, does not adhere to the finger.
- the metal substrate may be cleaned or surface treated before the brazing composition is applied.
- the surface is degreased before the brazing composition is applied.
- the surface of the substrate is etched using, e.g. an acid or any other etching medium, before the brazing composition is applied.
- the ideal application process comprises the subsequent steps of (i) cleaning the substrate, (ii) applying a coating of the brazing composition using one of the techniques described above, (iii) drying the applied coating in order to remove the solvent, if used, from the brazing composition, (iv) curing the coating, typically at elevated temperature, (v) quenching the cured coating, and in a preferred embodiment if the intermediate object is a metal sheet, preferably of an aluminium alloy, then (vi) coiling of the metal sheet having the quenched coating of brazing composition.
- the coating on the substrate is quenched by means of air quenching or water quenching. It has been found that better lubrication characteristics are obtained when air quenching is applied.
- metal substrate and preferably an aluminium alloy substrate, having at least one flat surface and is at least partially covered with a coating of brazing composition as disclosed in this specification and set forth in the claimed.
- it relates to the use or method of use of a brazing composition as disclosed in this specification and defined in the claims in manufacturing a brazed assembly of components, one of the components being the metal substrate, preferably an aluminium alloy substrate, coated with the brazing composition of this invention and being brazed, ideally by means of CAB, to another component of the brazed assembly.
- compositions comprising aluminium potassium fluoride, a methyl methacrylate copolymer, optionally a synthetic hydrocarbon wax, fumed silica, and a mixture of 4-hydroxy-4-methyl- pentan-2-one and 1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate to adjust the viscosity.
- compositions were applied to a pre-treated aluminium alloy brazing sheet using a 3 Roll Coater (Reverse Application configuration) at 4 to 8 g/m 2 , sufficient to obtain a dry film thickness of 5 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the sheets were dried in a convection oven at a temperature in the range of 200 to 230 c C, followed by an air quench. After drying and quenching, some properties of the sheets were assessed. The results of the assessment can be found in Table 1 below.
- Methyl Methacrylate Copolymer 14 14 . 14 Synthetic Wax 2 0
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07702582A EP1971457A1 (en) | 2006-01-11 | 2007-01-04 | Method of manufacturing a brazed assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06075068A EP1808255A1 (en) | 2006-01-11 | 2006-01-11 | Method of manufacturing a brazed assembly |
PCT/EP2007/000039 WO2007080068A1 (en) | 2006-01-11 | 2007-01-04 | Method of manufacturing a brazed assembly |
EP07702582A EP1971457A1 (en) | 2006-01-11 | 2007-01-04 | Method of manufacturing a brazed assembly |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1971457A1 true EP1971457A1 (en) | 2008-09-24 |
Family
ID=36571978
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06075068A Withdrawn EP1808255A1 (en) | 2006-01-11 | 2006-01-11 | Method of manufacturing a brazed assembly |
EP07702582A Withdrawn EP1971457A1 (en) | 2006-01-11 | 2007-01-04 | Method of manufacturing a brazed assembly |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06075068A Withdrawn EP1808255A1 (en) | 2006-01-11 | 2006-01-11 | Method of manufacturing a brazed assembly |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP1808255A1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101306461B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101365555B (en) |
CA (1) | CA2636345C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2896174B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007080068A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20140005855A (en) | 2010-08-23 | 2014-01-15 | 노르스크 히드로 아에스아 | Brazing pre-flux coating |
JP2014531321A (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2014-11-27 | ノルスク・ヒドロ・アーエスアーNorsk Hydro Asa | Preflux coating for brazing with improved corrosion resistance |
CN103930238A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2014-07-16 | 诺尔斯海德公司 | Method for manufacturing tube plate fin heat exchangers |
CN102528330B (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-12-25 | 李平荣 | Molten solder anti-oxidation activated powder |
JP6460598B2 (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2019-01-30 | 株式会社Uacj | Flux liquid |
WO2017099293A1 (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-15 | 희성정밀(주) | Method for manufacturing battery stack cooling plate for electric vehicle and cooling plate manufactured thereby |
KR102305559B1 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2021-09-27 | 엘티정밀 주식회사 | Cooling plate producing method for battery stack of electric vehicle and cooling plate by the same |
KR20220046577A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2022-04-14 | 하리마카세이 가부시기가이샤 | braze material, braze element and heat exchanger |
CN113231757A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-08-10 | 内蒙古玉桥合金材料制造有限公司 | Tin-based soldering paste and preparation method thereof |
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- 2007-01-04 WO PCT/EP2007/000039 patent/WO2007080068A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2007-01-04 EP EP07702582A patent/EP1971457A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-01-04 CA CA2636345A patent/CA2636345C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-01-09 FR FR0752585A patent/FR2896174B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2007080068A1 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
FR2896174B1 (en) | 2013-12-13 |
CN101365555B (en) | 2013-07-03 |
KR101306461B1 (en) | 2013-09-09 |
KR20080084825A (en) | 2008-09-19 |
EP1808255A1 (en) | 2007-07-18 |
FR2896174A1 (en) | 2007-07-20 |
CA2636345A1 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
CA2636345C (en) | 2014-11-18 |
CN101365555A (en) | 2009-02-11 |
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