EP1966445A1 - Column shoe - Google Patents
Column shoeInfo
- Publication number
- EP1966445A1 EP1966445A1 EP06830941A EP06830941A EP1966445A1 EP 1966445 A1 EP1966445 A1 EP 1966445A1 EP 06830941 A EP06830941 A EP 06830941A EP 06830941 A EP06830941 A EP 06830941A EP 1966445 A1 EP1966445 A1 EP 1966445A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- column
- column shoe
- flexible cable
- cable loop
- shoe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010052904 Musculoskeletal stiffness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
- E04C3/34—Columns; Pillars; Struts of concrete other stone-like material, with or without permanent form elements, with or without internal or external reinforcement, e.g. metal coverings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/226—Protecting piles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/52—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
- E04B1/21—Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B1/215—Connections specially adapted therefor comprising metallic plates or parts
Definitions
- the invention relates to a column shoe for fastening reinforced concrete columns to a base, the column shoe comprising a bottom plate provided with a bolt hole and a side plate fastened to the bottom plate for providing a bolt casing, main bonds for fastening the column shoe and the reinforced concrete column to one another, and a back bond for transmitting a lower horizontal force of a horizontal force couple, produced by eccentric positions of the main bonds and the bolt at the bolt hole, to concrete.
- Column shoes are used at the lower end of reinforced concrete columns at the corners and on the sides for fastening the column to bolts in the foundations or the rest of the base structure. By using column shoes, the column may be left unsupported during installation. The column shoes join the column with the base structure by means of the bolts.
- a bolt joint mainly transmits vertical forces in the direction of the bolt. Due to the structure of the column shoes, the force to be transmitted from the column to the bolts is not transmitted in the same line but it must be transmitted horizontally to the side in the region of the bolt casing. The force from the column and the bolt are thus positioned eccentrically to one another, which means that the main bonds of the column shoe and the bolt extending from the base structure are positioned eccentrically to one another. In the shoe structure this causes a bending moment, which is transmitted as a horizontal force couple to the column.
- the upper force of the horizontal force couple is in the upper part of the side plates of the column shoe, and it is transmitted as compression to the concrete when the bolts are under compression or as pulling of a web reinforcement around the column shoes when the bolts are under pulling.
- the lower force of the horizontal force couple is on the same plane as the bottom plate of the column shoe. In modern column shoes that are on the market, this horizontal force is transmitted by back bonds, such as a bent ribbed reinforcing bar or an upset bar fastened to the inner corner of the lower edge of the column shoe, when the bolts are under compression or as compression to the concrete when the bolts are under pulling.
- the column shoe of the invention is characterized in that the back bond is arranged to comprise a flexible cable loop.
- the invention provides the advantage that back bonds composed of flexible cable loops are easily interlocked when placed in a small column.
- the column shoes may be manufactured to be similar, regardless of the side measures of the column. It is possible to manufacture column shoes to the storage in advance, which makes the automation of the manufacture profitable. The storage and handling of the column shoes also become easier, as they do not need to be bundled. This increases cost-efficiency and makes delivery times shorter.
- the invention also provides the advantage that the invention may be implemented in a very flexible manner. For example, the cable loop may be fastened to the column shoe either during the manufacture of the column shoe or at a prefabricated reinforced concrete factory when column shoes are mounted in a mould.
- Figure 1 shows a top view of the principle of a structure, in which four column shoes according to an embodiment of the invention are arranged at an end of the column,
- Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the structure of Figure 1
- Figure 3 shows a top view of the principle of a structure, in which four column shoes according to a second embodiment of the invention are arranged at an end of the column,
- Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the structure of Figure 3
- Figure 5 shows a top view of the principle of a structure, in which four column shoes according to a third embodiment of the invention are arranged at an end of the column,
- Figure 6 shows a perspective view of the structure of Figure 5
- Figure 7 shows a top view of the principle of a structure, in which four column shoes according to a fourth embodiment of the invention are arranged at an end of the column,
- Figure 8 shows a perspective view of the structure of Figure 7
- Figure 9 shows a top view of the principle of a structure, in which four column shoes according to a fifth embodiment of the invention are arranged at an end of the column,
- Figure 10 shows a perspective view of the structure of Figure 9
- Figure 11 shows a top view of the principle of a structure, in which four column shoes according to a sixth embodiment of the invention are arranged at an end of the column,
- Figure 12 shows a perspective view of the structure of Figure 11
- Figure 13 shows a top view of the principle of a structure, in which four column shoes according to a seventh embodiment of the invention are arranged at an end of the column, and
- Figure 14 shows a perspective view of the structure of Figure 13.
- Figures 1 and 2 show the principle of a first embodiment of the invention.
- the reference numeral 1 refers to a bottom plate provided with a bolt hole 2.
- a side plate fastened to the bottom plate is marked with the reference numeral 3.
- the side plate 3 and the bottom plate constitute a bolt casing.
- the side plate 3 is provided with main bonds 4 for fastening a column shoe and a reinforced concrete column to one another.
- a horizontal force couple which must be taken into account in the structure, is produced due to the eccentric positions of the main bonds and the bolt at the bolt hole 2.
- a back bond 5 is used for transmitting the lower horizontal force of the above-mentioned horizontal force couple to the concrete.
- Figures 1 and 2 show a position, in which the column shoes are located at an end of the column.
- the column itself is not illustrated in the figures.
- the column shoes are mounted in their places during the manufacture of the column, i.e. they are brought to their places in the mould before the concrete casting.
- the column shoes are an integral part of the column in such a manner that the column may be fixed to the bolts on the base by arranging the bolts in the holes in the bottom plate of the column shoe and driving nuts in the bolts.
- the back bond 5 is arranged to comprise a flexible cable loop 6.
- the above-mentioned flexible cable loop transmits the lower horizontal force of the column shoe either by being anchored to the column directly or by connecting to other shoes, as shown in the following examples.
- the flexible cable loops are anchored directly to the column.
- both ends of the flexible cable loop 6 are fastened to the column shoe.
- the fastening may be implemented, for instance, by providing the side plate 3 with slot parts 8, in which the ends of the cable loop 6 are arranged, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
- Figures 3 and 4 show a second embodiment of the column shoe of the invention.
- the same reference numerals are used in Figures 3 and 4 to refer to corresponding parts as in Figures 1 and 2.
- a connecting element 7 is fastened to the column shoe and the flexible cable loop 6 is arranged to grip the connecting element.
- the connecting element 7 consists of a flange part fastened to the column shoe.
- the flange part includes a hole, through which the flexible cable loop 6 is arranged to pass.
- the cable loop 6 is arranged to grip the connecting elements 7 of all four column shoes, which means that the column shoes are connected to one another by means of the flexible cable loop 6.
- the embodiment of Figures 3 and 4 may also be applied in such a manner that each column shoe has its own flexible cable loop 6, which is anchored directly to the column.
- Figures 5 and 6 show a third example of the column shoe of the invention.
- the same reference numerals are used in Figures 5 and 6 to refer to corresponding parts as in the examples of Figures 1 and 2 as well as 3 and 4.
- the flexible cable loop 6 is arranged to surround the lower flange 1 of the column shoe.
- the flexible cable loops 6 are arranged to be anchored directly to the column.
- the flexible cable loops are formed by arranging the cable to pass around the lower flange 1 and by joining the free ends of the cable together.
- FIGs 7 and 8 show an embodiment of the invention, wherein the flexible cable loop 6 is arranged to pass through openings 9 in the side plate 3.
- the openings 9 are arranged at a distance from one another.
- the openings 9 may be formed, for instance, by providing the lower edge of the side plate 3 with a groove or slot, through which the cable loop 6 can easily be mounted in its place before the side plate is fastened to the lower flange 1.
- the lower edge of the groove or slot is closed as the side plate 3 is fastened to the lower flange 1 , as shown in Figure 8.
- the openings may naturally be formed in some other way, such as by drilling or cutting a suitable opening in the side plate, etc.
- Figure 8 also shows bolts, which are arranged to pass through the bolt holes 2.
- the flexible cable loops 6 are arranged to pass around the bolts.
- FIG. 9 and 10 show an embodiment, in which both ends of the flexible cable loop 6 are arranged to pass through the same opening 10. In this embodiment, the ends of the flexible cable loop 6 are joined together by a locking element 11 , which is arranged to prevent the ends from moving through the opening 10.
- Figures 11 and 12 show an example of the invention, wherein a connecting element 7 fastened to the side plate is used. Compared to the example of Figures 3 and 4, the connecting element is in this embodiment fastened to the other side of the side plate 3. In the example of Figures
- the connecting element 7 is arranged at the surface of the side plate 3 that is on the side of the bolt hole 2 and the flexible cable loop 6 is arranged to pass over the side plate 3 to the fastening element 7.
- Figures 13 and 14 show an embodiment, in which the flexible cable loop 6 is arranged to pass over the side plate 3 and through an opening
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
- Hydrogenated Pyridines (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Fencing (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL06830941T PL1966445T3 (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2006-12-20 | Column shoe |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20055702A FI118186B (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2005-12-27 | column shoe |
PCT/FI2006/050568 WO2007074212A1 (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2006-12-20 | Column shoe |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1966445A1 true EP1966445A1 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
EP1966445A4 EP1966445A4 (en) | 2013-12-11 |
EP1966445B1 EP1966445B1 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
Family
ID=35510780
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06830941.8A Not-in-force EP1966445B1 (en) | 2005-12-27 | 2006-12-20 | Column shoe |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1966445B1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI118186B (en) |
NO (1) | NO340105B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL1966445T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007074212A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
PL424089A1 (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-01 | Andrzej Karpiński | Method for erecting buildings with the skeleton construction, on the basis of the prefabricated dual-differently-nodal construction column and the prefabricated dual-differently-nodal construction column |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
PT2233664E (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-11-22 | Gerhard Krummel | Device for connecting prefabricated concrete sections |
FI123244B (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2013-01-15 | Peikko Group Oy | Column Shoe |
FI20106109A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2012-04-27 | Peikko Group Oy | column shoe |
FI20126323L (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-06-19 | Peikko Group Oy | PILLAR SHOE |
EP2966236A1 (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2016-01-13 | Fundacíon Tecnalia Research & Innovation | Joining device for precast reinforced concrete columns with a dry joint |
FI126440B (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2016-12-15 | Anstar Oy | Column Shoe |
KR20220033049A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2022-03-15 | 페이코 그룹 오와이 | Column shoe for fastening reinforced concrete columns to the base |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI941936A (en) * | 1994-04-26 | 1995-10-27 | Teraespeikko Oy | column shoe |
DE19817832A1 (en) * | 1998-04-22 | 1999-10-28 | Peikko Gmbh | Column shoe for attaching a concrete pile to a base |
FI20020422A (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-06 | Tartuntamarkkinointi Oy | Column Shoe |
DE50303601D1 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2006-07-06 | Halfen Gmbh & Co Kg | Column shoe for concrete pillars |
-
2005
- 2005-12-27 FI FI20055702A patent/FI118186B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2006
- 2006-12-20 EP EP06830941.8A patent/EP1966445B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-12-20 WO PCT/FI2006/050568 patent/WO2007074212A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-12-20 PL PL06830941T patent/PL1966445T3/en unknown
-
2008
- 2008-05-28 NO NO20082417A patent/NO340105B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
No further relevant documents disclosed * |
See also references of WO2007074212A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
PL424089A1 (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-01 | Andrzej Karpiński | Method for erecting buildings with the skeleton construction, on the basis of the prefabricated dual-differently-nodal construction column and the prefabricated dual-differently-nodal construction column |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2007074212A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
EP1966445B1 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
NO20082417L (en) | 2008-05-28 |
FI118186B (en) | 2007-08-15 |
FI20055702A0 (en) | 2005-12-27 |
PL1966445T3 (en) | 2014-11-28 |
NO340105B1 (en) | 2017-03-13 |
EP1966445A4 (en) | 2013-12-11 |
FI20055702A (en) | 2007-06-28 |
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