EP1964157B1 - High-voltage pulse generator for a high-pressure discharge lamp featuring an improved ignition quality - Google Patents

High-voltage pulse generator for a high-pressure discharge lamp featuring an improved ignition quality Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1964157B1
EP1964157B1 EP06830410A EP06830410A EP1964157B1 EP 1964157 B1 EP1964157 B1 EP 1964157B1 EP 06830410 A EP06830410 A EP 06830410A EP 06830410 A EP06830410 A EP 06830410A EP 1964157 B1 EP1964157 B1 EP 1964157B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
pulse generator
voltage pulse
spiral
charging resistor
generator according
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EP06830410A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1964157A2 (en
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Andreas Kloss
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Osram GmbH
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Osram GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/02—Details
    • H05B41/04—Starting switches
    • H05B41/042—Starting switches using semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/34—Double-wall vessels or containers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/54—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-voltage pulse generator for a high-pressure discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such lamps are in particular high-pressure discharge lamps for general lighting or for photo-optical purposes.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high-voltage pulse generator for a high-pressure discharge lamp, whose ignition behavior is significantly improved compared to previous lamps and in which no damage due to the high voltage is to be feared.
  • a high-voltage pulse with at least 1.5 kV, which is necessary for igniting the lamp, is now generated by means of a special temperature-resistant spiral pulse generator, which is integrated in the outer bulb in the immediate vicinity of the discharge vessel. Not only a cold ignition but also a hot re-ignition is possible.
  • the spiral pulse generator now used is a so-called LTCC component.
  • This material is a special ceramic that can be made temperature resistant up to 600 ° C.
  • LTCC has already been used in connection with lamps, see US 2003/0001519 and US Pat. No. 6,853,151 , However, it has been used for quite different purposes in practically barely temperature loaded lamps, with typical temperatures below 100 ° C.
  • the spiral pulse generator is a component that combines the characteristics of a capacitor with those of a waveguide to generate ignition pulses with a voltage of at least 1.5 kV.
  • two ceramic "green films" are printed with metallic conductive paste and then wound into a spiral and finally isostatically pressed into a shaped body.
  • the following co-sintering of metal paste and ceramic film takes place in air in the temperature range between 800 and 900 ° C. This processing allows a range of application of the spiral pulse generator up to 700 ° C temperature load.
  • the spiral pulse generator can be accommodated in the immediate vicinity of the discharge vessel in the outer bulb, but also in the base or in the immediate vicinity of the lamp.
  • a spiral pulse generator can be dimensioned so that the high-voltage pulse even allows a hot re-ignition of the lamp.
  • an ignition unit which furthermore comprises at least one charging resistor and a switch.
  • the switch can be a spark gap or a Diac in SiC technology.
  • the ignition unit is extremely compact, since the charging resistor is integrated in the high-voltage pulse generator.
  • the charging resistor can be integrated at the inner edge in the spiral pulse generator, so that both are designed together as an LTCC ceramic component.
  • This component is temperature up to approx. 600 ° C.
  • a contact point is avoided, which would also otherwise be carried out temperature-resistant.
  • any conventional glass can be used, ie in particular tempered glass, Vycor or quartz glass.
  • the choice of filling is subject to no particular restriction.
  • FIG. 1 shows the structure of a spiral pulse generator 1 in plan view. It consists of a ceramic cylinder 2, in which two different metallic conductors 3 and 4 are spirally wrapped as a film strip.
  • the cylinder 2 is hollow inside and has a given inner diameter ID.
  • the two inner contacts 6 and 7 of the two conductors 3 and 4 are connected to each other via a spark gap 5.
  • the spiral pulse generator is either wound from two ceramic paste-coated ceramic foils or built up from two metal foils and two ceramic foils.
  • An important parameter is the number n of turns, which should preferably be in the order of 5 to 100.
  • This winding assembly is then laminated and then sintered, creating an LTCC component.
  • the thus created spiral pulse generators with capacitor property are then connected to a spark gap.
  • the spark gap can be located at the inner or the outer terminals or even within the winding of the generator.
  • a spark gap based on SiC and very stable in temperature can preferably be used.
  • the switching element MESFET from the company Cree can be used. This is suitable for temperatures above 350 ° C.
  • a ceramic film in particular a ceramic strip such as Heratape CT 707 or preferably CT 765 or else a mixture is preferably used by Heraeus as a dielectric. It has a thickness of the green film of typically 50 to 150 microns.
  • Ag conductive paste such as "Cofirable Silver", also from Heraeus, is used as the conductor.
  • CT 700 from Heraeus. Good results are also provided by the metal paste 6142 from DuPont. These parts are easy to laminate and then burnout and sintering together (co-firing).
  • the ID of the Spiral Pulse Generator is 10 mm.
  • the width of the individual strips is also 10 mm.
  • the film thickness is 50 ⁇ m and also the thickness of the two conductors is 50 ⁇ m in each case.
  • FIG. 2 are the associated half-width of the high-voltage pulse in ps (curve a), the total capacitance of the component in ⁇ F (curve b), the resulting outer diameter in mm (curve c), as well as the efficiency (curve d), the maximum pulse voltage (curve e) in kV and the conductor resistance in Q (curve f).
  • FIG. 3 shows the basic structure of a high-pressure sodium lamp 10 with ceramic discharge vessel 11 and Au ⁇ enkolben 12 with integrated therein spiral pulse generator 13, wherein a firing electrode 14 is attached to the outside of the ceramic discharge vessel 11.
  • the spiral pulse generator 13 with the integrated charging resistor is housed together with the spark gap 15 in the outer bulb.
  • FIG. 4 shows the basic structure of a metal halide lamp 20 with integrated spiral pulse generator 21, wherein no ignition electrode on the outside of the discharge vessel 22, which may be made of quartz glass or ceramic, is attached.
  • the spiral pulse generator 21 with the integrated charging resistor is housed together with the spark gap 23 in the outer bulb 25.
  • FIG. 5 shows a metal halide lamp 20 with a discharge vessel 22 which is supported by two leads 26, 27 in an outer bulb.
  • the first lead 26 is a short-angled wire.
  • the second 27 is essentially a rod that leads to the socket remote 28 implementation.
  • an ignition unit 31 is arranged, which contains the spiral pulse generator, the spark gap and the charging resistor, as in FIG. 4 indicated.
  • FIG. 6 shows a metal halide lamp 20 similar to FIG. 5 with a discharge vessel 22, which is supported by two supply lines 26, 27 in an outer bulb 25.
  • the first lead 26 is a short-angled wire.
  • the second 27 is essentially a rod that leads to the socket remote 28 implementation.
  • the ignition unit in the base 30 is arranged, both the spiral pulse generator 21 with the integrated charging resistor and the spark gap 23rd
  • This technique can also be used for electrodeless lamps, where the spiral pulse generator can serve as a starting aid.
  • this compact high-voltage pulse generator is in the ignition of other devices.
  • the application is particularly advantageous in so-called magic spheres, in the generation of X-ray pulses and in the generation of electron beam pulses.
  • a use in a car as a replacement for the usual ignition coils is possible.
  • the invention develops particular advantages in cooperation with high-pressure discharge lamps for car headlights, which are filled with xenon under high pressure of preferably at least 3 bar and metal halides. These are particularly difficult to ignite because of the high xenon pressure, the ignition voltage is more than 10 kV.
  • a spiral pulse generator with built-in charging resistor can either be in the socket of the Car lamp or be housed in an outer bulb of the lamp.
  • the invention develops very special advantages in combination with high-pressure discharge lamps which contain no mercury. Such lamps are particularly desirable for environmental reasons. It contains a suitable metal halide fill and, in particular, a noble gas such as xenon under high pressure. Because of the lack of mercury, the ignition voltage is particularly high. It is more than 20 kV. Currently trying to accommodate the components of the ignition unit in the base. A spiral pulse generator with built-in charging resistor can either be housed in the base of the mercury-free lamp or in an outer bulb of the lamp.

Abstract

The discharge lamp has a discharge receptacle placed in an external piston and kept by a frame, where an igniter is integrated in the discharge lamp and a high voltage pulse is produced in the lamp. The igniter consists of a spiral-pulse-generator (1) and a charging resistor (18), where the charging resistor is made from a low temperature co-firing ceramic (LTCC)-material. The charging resistor is placed in the external piston. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a high voltage pulse generator on the basis of a spiral-pulse-generator (2) an igniting unit on the basis of the high voltage pulse generator.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Hochspannungspulsgenerator für eine Hochdruckentladungslampe gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Derartige Lampen sind insbesondere Hochdruckentladungslampen für Allgemeinbeleuchtung oder für fotooptische Zwecke.The invention relates to a high-voltage pulse generator for a high-pressure discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1. Such lamps are in particular high-pressure discharge lamps for general lighting or for photo-optical purposes.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Das Problem der Zündung von Hochdruckentladungslampen wird derzeit dadurch gelöst, dass das Zündgerät in das Vorschaltgerät integriert ist. Nachteilig daran ist, dass die Zuleitungen hochspannungsfest ausgelegt sein müssen.The problem of the ignition of high pressure discharge lamps is currently solved by the fact that the ignitor is integrated into the ballast. The disadvantage of this is that the leads must be designed high voltage resistant.

In der Vergangenheit hat es immer wieder Versuche gegeben, die Zündeinheit in die Lampe zu integrieren. Dabei wurde versucht, sie in den Sockel zu integrieren. Eine besonders effektive und hohe Pulse versprechende Zündung gelingt mittels sog. Spiral-Puls-Generatoren, siehe US-A 3 289 015 .In the past there have always been attempts to integrate the ignition unit into the lamp. They tried to integrate them into the socket. A particularly effective and high pulse promising ignition succeeds by means of so-called spiral pulse generators, see US-A 3,289,015 ,

Vor längerer Zeit wurden derartige Geräte bei verschiedenen Hochdruckentladungslampen wie Metallhalogenidlampen oder Natriumhochdrucklampen vorgeschlagen, siehe beispielsweise US-A 4 325 004 , US-A 4 353 012 .Lately, such devices have been proposed in various high pressure discharge lamps, such as metal halide lamps or high pressure sodium lamps, see for example US-A 4,325,004 . US Pat. No. 4,353,012 ,

Weitere Spiralpulsgeneratoren sind inFurther spiral pulse generators are in US-A 4 379 982US Pat. No. 4,379,982 ,. US-A 4 629 945US Pat. No. 4,629,945 undand US-A 4 608 521US Pat. No. 4,608,521 beschrieben.described.

Sie konnten sich jedoch nicht durchsetzen, weil sie zum einen zu teuer sind. Zum andern ist der Vorteil, sie in den Sockel einzubauen, nicht ausreichend, da das Problem des Zuführens der Hochspannung in den Kolben bleibt. Daher die Wahrscheinlichkeit für Schädigungen der Lampe, seien es Isolationsprobleme oder ein Durchbruch im Sockel, steigt stark an. Bisher übiche Zündgeräte konnten im allgemeinen nicht über 100 °C erwärmt werden. Die erzeugte Spannung musste dann der Lampe zugeführt werden, was Leitungen und Lampenfassungen mit entsprechender Hochspannungsfestigkeit erfordert, typisch etwa 5 kV. erzeugte Spannung musste dann der Lampe zugeführt werden, was Leitungen und Lampenfassungen mit entsprechender Hochspannungsfestigkeit erfordert, typisch etwa 5 kV.However, they could not prevail, because they are too expensive for one. On the other hand, the advantage of installing them in the socket is not sufficient because the problem of supplying the high voltage to the piston remains. Therefore, the likelihood of damage to the lamp, be it insulation problems or a breakthrough in the socket, is increasing rapidly. So far ignitable igniters could not be heated above 100 ° C in general. The voltage generated then had to be fed to the lamp, which requires leads and lampholders with appropriate high voltage resistance, typically about 5 kV. generated voltage then had to be fed to the lamp, which requires leads and lampholders with appropriate high voltage resistance, typically about 5 kV.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Hochspannungspulsgenerator für eine Hochdruckentladungslampe bereitzustellen, deren Zündverhalten gegenüber bisherigen Lampen deutlich verbessert ist und bei der keine Schädigung infolge der Hochspannung zu befürchten ist. Dies gilt insbesondere für Metallhalogenidlampen, wobei das Material des Entladungsgefäßes entweder Quarzglas oder Keramik sein kann.The object of the present invention is to provide a high-voltage pulse generator for a high-pressure discharge lamp, whose ignition behavior is significantly improved compared to previous lamps and in which no damage due to the high voltage is to be feared. This applies in particular to metal halide lamps, wherein the material of the discharge vessel can be either quartz glass or ceramic.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen finden sich in den abhängigen Ansprüchen.Particularly advantageous embodiments can be found in the dependent claims.

Erfindungsgemäß wird jetzt ein Hochspannungspuls mit mindestens 1,5 kV, der zur Zündung der Lampe notwendig ist, mittels eines speziellen temperaturresistenten Spiral-Puls-Generators erzeugt, der in unmittelbarer Nähe des Entladungsgefäßes im Außenkolben integriert wird. Nicht nur eine Kaltzündung sondern auch ein Heißwiederzündung ist damit möglich.According to the invention, a high-voltage pulse with at least 1.5 kV, which is necessary for igniting the lamp, is now generated by means of a special temperature-resistant spiral pulse generator, which is integrated in the outer bulb in the immediate vicinity of the discharge vessel. Not only a cold ignition but also a hot re-ignition is possible.

Der jetzt verwendete Spiral-Puls-Generator ist ein sog. LTCC-Bauteil. Diese Material ist eine spezelle Keramik, die bis 600 °C Temperaturfest gemacht werden kann. Zwar wurde LTCC schon in Zusammenhang mit Lampen verwendet, siehe US 2003/0001519 und US-B 6 853 151 . Jedoch wurde es für ganz andere Zwecke bei praktisch kaum Temperaturbelasteten Lampen, mit typischen Temperaturen unter 100 °C, eingesetzt. Der besondere Wert der hohen Temperaturstabilität von LTCC in Zusammenhang mit der Zündung von Hochdruckentladungslampen, wie vor allem Metallhalogenidlampen mit Zündproblemen, zu erkennen.The spiral pulse generator now used is a so-called LTCC component. This material is a special ceramic that can be made temperature resistant up to 600 ° C. Although LTCC has already been used in connection with lamps, see US 2003/0001519 and US Pat. No. 6,853,151 , However, it has been used for quite different purposes in practically barely temperature loaded lamps, with typical temperatures below 100 ° C. The particular value of the high temperature stability of LTCC associated with the ignition of high pressure discharge lamps, especially metal halide lamps with ignition problems.

Der Spiral-Puls-Generator ist ein Bauteil, das Eigenschaften eines Kondensators mit denen eines Wellenleiters zur Erzeugung von Zündpulsen mit einer Spannung von mindestens 1,5 kV vereint, Für die Herstellung werden zwei keramische "Grün-Folien" mit metallischer Leitpaste bedruckt und anschließend versetzt zu einer Spirale aufgewickelt und schließlich isostatisch zu einem Formkörper gepresst. Die folgende Co-Sinterung von Metallpaste und keramischer Folie erfolgt an Luft im Temperaturbereich zwischen 800 und 900 °C. Diese Verarbeitung erlaubt einen Einsatzbereich des Spiral-Puls-Generators bis 700 °C Temperaturbelastung. Dadurch kann der Spiral-Puls-Generator in direkter Nähe des Entladungsgefäßes im Außenkolben, aber auch im Sockel oder in unmittelbarer Nähe der Lampe untergebracht werden.The spiral pulse generator is a component that combines the characteristics of a capacitor with those of a waveguide to generate ignition pulses with a voltage of at least 1.5 kV. For the production, two ceramic "green films" are printed with metallic conductive paste and then wound into a spiral and finally isostatically pressed into a shaped body. The following co-sintering of metal paste and ceramic film takes place in air in the temperature range between 800 and 900 ° C. This processing allows a range of application of the spiral pulse generator up to 700 ° C temperature load. As a result, the spiral pulse generator can be accommodated in the immediate vicinity of the discharge vessel in the outer bulb, but also in the base or in the immediate vicinity of the lamp.

Bevorzugt ist dabei die Unterbringung im Außenkolben. Denn dadurch entfällt die Notwendigkeit einer hochspannungsfesten Spannungszuleitung.Preference is given to the accommodation in the outer bulb. Because this eliminates the need for a high voltage resistant voltage supply.

Zudem lässt sich ein Spiral-Puls-Generator so dimensionieren, dass der Hochspannungspuls sogar eine Heißwiederzündung der Lampe ermöglicht. Das Dielektrikum aus Keramik zeichnet sich durch eine außergewöhnlich hohe Dielektrizitätskonstante ε von > 10 aus, wobei je nach Material und Bauweise ein ε von typisch 70, bis zu ε=100 erreicht werden kann. Das schafft eine sehr hohe Kapazität des Spiral-Puls-Generators und ermöglicht eine vergleichsweise große zeitliche Breite der erzeugten Impulse. Dadurch wird eine sehr kompakte Bauweise des Spiral-Puls-Generators möglich, so dass ein Einbau in handelsübliche Außenkolben von Hochdruckentladungslampen gelingt.In addition, a spiral pulse generator can be dimensioned so that the high-voltage pulse even allows a hot re-ignition of the lamp. The ceramic dielectric is characterized by an exceptionally high dielectric constant ε of> 10, whereby, depending on the material and construction, an ε of typically 70, up to ε = 100, can be achieved. This creates a very high capacity of the spiral pulse generator and allows a comparatively large time width of the generated pulses. As a result, a very compact design of the spiral pulse generator is possible, so that an installation in commercial outer bulb of high-pressure discharge lamps succeed.

Zudem lässt sich auf Basis dieses Hochspannungspulsgenerators eine Zündeinheit angeben, die weiterhin zumindest einen Ladewiderstand und einen Schalter umfasst. Der Schalter kann eine Funkenstrecke oder auch ein Diac in SiC-Technologie sein. Dabei ist die Zündeinheit extrem kompakt, da ja der Ladewiderstand im Hochspannungspulsgenerator integriert ist.In addition, based on this high-voltage pulse generator, an ignition unit can be specified which furthermore comprises at least one charging resistor and a switch. The switch can be a spark gap or a Diac in SiC technology. The ignition unit is extremely compact, since the charging resistor is integrated in the high-voltage pulse generator.

Dadurch wird eine sehr kompakte Bauweise des Spiral-Puls-Generators möglich, so dass ein Einbau in handelsübliche Außenkolben von Hochdruckentladungslampen gelingt. Eine besondere Kompaktifizierung gelingt, weil der Ladewiderstand kein separates Bauteil ist, das lediglich mit dem Spiral-Puls-Generator verbunden ist. Da der Ladewiderstand ohnehin denselben Bedingungen wie der Spiral-Puls-Generator genügen muss, was seine Temperaturbeständigkeit betrifft, empfiehlt es sich, ihn ähnlich wie den Spiral-Puls-Generator aus LTCC-Material herzustellen.As a result, a very compact design of the spiral pulse generator is possible, so that an installation in commercial outer bulb of high-pressure discharge lamps succeed. A special compactification succeeds because the charging resistor is not a separate component, which is only connected to the spiral pulse generator. Since the charging resistor must satisfy the same conditions as the spiral pulse generator anyway, as far as its temperature resistance is concerned, it is recommended to make it similar to the spiral pulse generator made of LTCC material.

Bevorzugt kann der Ladewiderstand dabei am inneren Rand in den Spiral-Puls-Generator integriert sein, so dass beide zusammen als ein LTCC-Keramik-Bauteil ausgeführt sind. Dieses Bauteil ist bis ca. 600 °C Temperatur fest. Dadurch wird eine Kontaktstelle vermieden, die ebenfalls ansonsten Temperaturfest ausgeführt sein müsste. Somit werden außer dem Hochspannungsschalter, meist eine Funkenstrecke oder Diac, keine anderen Bauteile benötigt.Preferably, the charging resistor can be integrated at the inner edge in the spiral pulse generator, so that both are designed together as an LTCC ceramic component. This component is temperature up to approx. 600 ° C. As a result, a contact point is avoided, which would also otherwise be carried out temperature-resistant. Thus, apart from the high voltage switch, usually a spark gap or diac, no other components are needed.

Als Material des Außenkolbens kann jedes übliche Glas verwendet werden, also insbesondere Hartglas, Vycor oder Quarzglas. Auch die Wahl der Füllung unterliegt keiner besonderen Einschränkung.As the material of the outer bulb, any conventional glass can be used, ie in particular tempered glass, Vycor or quartz glass. The choice of filling is subject to no particular restriction.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Im Folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand mehrerer Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert werden. Die Figuren zeigen:

Fig. 1
den prinzipiellen Aufbau eines Spiral-Puls- Generators;
Fig. 2
Kenngrößen eines LTCC- Spiral-Puls-Generators;
Fig. 3
den Prinzipaufbau einer Natriumhochdrucklampe mit Spiral-Puls-Generator im Außenkolben.
Fig. 4
den Prinzipaufbau einer Metallhalogenidlampe mit Spiral-Puls-Generator im Außenkolben.
Fig. 5
eine Metallhalogenidlampe mit Spiral-Puls- Generator im Außenkolben;
Fig. 6
eine Metallhalogenidlampe mit Spiral-Puls- Generator im Sockel.
In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to several embodiments. The figures show:
Fig. 1
the basic structure of a spiral pulse generator;
Fig. 2
Characteristics of an LTCC spiral pulse generator;
Fig. 3
the basic structure of a high pressure sodium lamp with spiral pulse generator in the outer bulb.
Fig. 4
the basic structure of a metal halide lamp with spiral pulse generator in the outer bulb.
Fig. 5
a metal halide lamp with spiral pulse generator in the outer bulb;
Fig. 6
a metal halide lamp with spiral pulse generator in the base.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsform der ErfindungPreferred embodiment of the invention

Figur 1, zeigt den Aufbau eines Spiral-Puls-Generators 1 in Draufsicht. Er besteht aus einem keramischen Zylinders 2, in den zwei verschiedene metallische Leiter 3 und 4 als Folienband spiralförmig eingewickelt sind. Der Zylinder 2 ist innen hohl und besitzt, einen gegebenen Innendurchmesser ID. Die beiden inneren Kontakte 6 und 7 der beiden Leiter 3 und 4 sind über eine Funkenstrecke 5 miteinander verbunden. FIG. 1 shows the structure of a spiral pulse generator 1 in plan view. It consists of a ceramic cylinder 2, in which two different metallic conductors 3 and 4 are spirally wrapped as a film strip. The cylinder 2 is hollow inside and has a given inner diameter ID. The two inner contacts 6 and 7 of the two conductors 3 and 4 are connected to each other via a spark gap 5.

Nur der äußere der beiden Leiter besitzt am äußeren Rand des Zylinders einen weiteren Kontakt 8. Der andere Leiter endet offen. Die beiden Leiter bilden dadurch zusammen einen Wellenleiter in einem dielektrischen Medium, der Keramik. An den inneren Kontakt 7 des einen Leiters schließt sich eine Leitungstrecke aus anderem Material an, die als Ladewiderstand 18 wirkt.Only the outer of the two conductors has on the outer edge of the cylinder another contact 8. The other conductor ends open. The two conductors together thereby form a waveguide in a dielectric medium, the ceramic. At the inner contact 7 of a conductor, a line of other material connects, which acts as a charging resistor 18.

Der Spiral-Puls-Generator wird entweder aus zwei mit Metallpaste beschichteten keramischen Folien gewickelt oder aus zwei Metallfolien und zwei keramischen Folien aufgebaut. Eine wichtige Kenngröße ist dabei die Zahl n der Windungen, die bevorzugt in der Größenordnung 5 bis 100 liegen soll. Diese Wickelanordnung wird dann laminiert und anschließend gesintert, wodurch ein LTCC-Bauteil entsteht. Die so geschaffenen Spiral-Puls-Generatoren mit Kondensatoreigenschaft werden dann mit einer Funkenstrecke beschaltet.The spiral pulse generator is either wound from two ceramic paste-coated ceramic foils or built up from two metal foils and two ceramic foils. An important parameter is the number n of turns, which should preferably be in the order of 5 to 100. This winding assembly is then laminated and then sintered, creating an LTCC component. The thus created spiral pulse generators with capacitor property are then connected to a spark gap.

Die Funkenstrecke kann sich an den inneren oder den äußeren Anschlüssen oder auch innerhalb der Wicklung des Generators befinden. Als Hochspannungsschalter, der den Puls initiiert, kann bevorzugt eine Funkenstrecke verwendet werden, die auf SiC basiert und sehr temperaturstabil ist. Beispielsweise kann das Schaltelement MESFET der Fa. Cree verwendet werden. Dieser ist für Temperaturen oberhalb 350 °C geeignet.The spark gap can be located at the inner or the outer terminals or even within the winding of the generator. As a high-voltage switch, which initiates the pulse, a spark gap based on SiC and very stable in temperature can preferably be used. For example, the switching element MESFET from the company Cree can be used. This is suitable for temperatures above 350 ° C.

In einem konkreten Ausführungsbeispiel wird ein Keramikmaterial mit ε = 60 bis 70 verwendet. Dabei wird bevorzugt als Dielektrikum eine Keramikfolie, insbesondere ein Keramikband wie Heratape CT 707 oder bevorzugt CT 765 oder auch eine Mischung bieder, jeweils von Heraeus verwendet. Es hat eine Dicke der grünen Folie von typisch 50 bis 150 µm. Als Leiter wird insbesondere Ag-Leitpaste wie "Cofirable Silver," ebenfalls von Heraeus, verwendet. Ein konkretes Beispiel ist CT 700 von Heraeus. Gute Ergebnisse liefert auch die Metallpaste 6142 von DuPont. Diese Teile lassen sich gut laminieren und danach ausheizen ("burnout") und zusammen sintern ("co-firing").In a concrete embodiment, a ceramic material with ε = 60 to 70 is used. In this case, a ceramic film, in particular a ceramic strip such as Heratape CT 707 or preferably CT 765 or else a mixture is preferably used by Heraeus as a dielectric. It has a thickness of the green film of typically 50 to 150 microns. In particular, Ag conductive paste such as "Cofirable Silver", also from Heraeus, is used as the conductor. A concrete example is CT 700 from Heraeus. Good results are also provided by the metal paste 6142 from DuPont. These parts are easy to laminate and then burnout and sintering together (co-firing).

Der Innendurchmesser ID des Spiral-Puls-Generator ist 10 mm. Die Breite der einzelnen Streifen ist ebenfalls 10 mm. Die Foliendicke ist 50 µm und auch die Dicke der beiden Leiter ist jeweils 50 µm. Die Ladespannung beträgt 300 V. Unter diesen Voraussetzungen erreicht der Spiral-Puls-Generator ein Optimum seiner Eigenschaften bei einer Windungszahl von n = 20 bis 70.The ID of the Spiral Pulse Generator is 10 mm. The width of the individual strips is also 10 mm. The film thickness is 50 μm and also the thickness of the two conductors is 50 μm in each case. The charging voltage is 300 V. Under these conditions, the spiral pulse generator achieves its optimum properties with a number of turns of n = 20 to 70.

In Figur 2 sind die zugehörige Halbwertsbreite des Hochspannungspulses in ps (Kurve a), die Gesamtkapazität des Bauteils in µF (Kurve b), der resultierende Außendurchmesser in mm (Kurve c), sowie die Effizienz (Kurve d), die maximale Pulsspannung (Kurve e) in kV und der Leiterwiderstand in Q (Kurve f) dargestellt.In FIG. 2 are the associated half-width of the high-voltage pulse in ps (curve a), the total capacitance of the component in μF (curve b), the resulting outer diameter in mm (curve c), as well as the efficiency (curve d), the maximum pulse voltage (curve e) in kV and the conductor resistance in Q (curve f).

Figur 3 zeigt den prinzipiellen Aufbau einer Natriumhochdrucklampe 10 mit keramischem Entladungsgefäß 11 und Auβenkolben 12 mit darin integriertem Spiral-Puls-Generator 13, wobei eine Zünd-Elektrode 14 außen am keramischen Entladungsgefäß 11 angebracht ist. Der Spiral-Puls-Generator 13 mit dem integrierten Ladewiderstand ist zusammen mit der Funkenstrecke 15 im Außenkolben untergebracht. FIG. 3 shows the basic structure of a high-pressure sodium lamp 10 with ceramic discharge vessel 11 and Auβenkolben 12 with integrated therein spiral pulse generator 13, wherein a firing electrode 14 is attached to the outside of the ceramic discharge vessel 11. The spiral pulse generator 13 with the integrated charging resistor is housed together with the spark gap 15 in the outer bulb.

Figur 4 zeigt den prinzipiellen Aufbau einer Metallhalogenidlampe 20 mit integriertem Spiral-Puls-Generator 21, wobei keine Zünd-Elektrode außen am Entladungsgefäß 22, das aus Quarzglas oder Keramik gefertigt sein kann, angebracht ist. Der Spiral-Puls-Generator 21 mit dem integrierten Ladewiderstand ist zusammen mit der Funkenstrecke 23 im Außenkolben 25 untergebracht. FIG. 4 shows the basic structure of a metal halide lamp 20 with integrated spiral pulse generator 21, wherein no ignition electrode on the outside of the discharge vessel 22, which may be made of quartz glass or ceramic, is attached. The spiral pulse generator 21 with the integrated charging resistor is housed together with the spark gap 23 in the outer bulb 25.

Figur 5 zeigt eine Metallhalogenidlampe 20 mit einem Entladungsgefäß 22, das von zwei Zuleitungen 26, 27 in einem Außenkolben gehaltert wird. Die erste Zuleitung 26 ist ein kurz abgewinkelter Draht. Die zweite 27 ist im wesentlichen ein Stab, der zur sockelfernen Durchführung 28 führt. Zwischen der Zuleitung 29 aus dem Sockel 30 und dem Stab 27 ist eine Zündeinheit 31 angeordnet, die den Spiral-Puls-Generator, die Funkenstrecke und den Ladewiderstand enthält, wie in Figur 4 angedeutet. FIG. 5 shows a metal halide lamp 20 with a discharge vessel 22 which is supported by two leads 26, 27 in an outer bulb. The first lead 26 is a short-angled wire. The second 27 is essentially a rod that leads to the socket remote 28 implementation. Between the supply line 29 from the base 30 and the rod 27, an ignition unit 31 is arranged, which contains the spiral pulse generator, the spark gap and the charging resistor, as in FIG. 4 indicated.

Figur 6 zeigt eine Metallhalogenidlampe 20 ähnlich wie Figur 5 mit einem Entladungsgefäß 22, das von zwei Zuleitungen 26, 27 in einem Außenkolben 25 gehaltert wird. Die erste Zuleitung 26 ist ein kurz abgewinkelter Draht. Die zweite 27 ist im wesentlichen ein Stab, der zur sockelfernen Durchführung 28 führt. Hier ist die Zündeinheit im Sockel 30 angeordnet, und zwar sowohl der Spiral-Puls-Generator 21 mit dem integrierten Ladewiderstand als auch die Funkenstrecke 23. FIG. 6 FIG. 12 shows a metal halide lamp 20 similar to FIG FIG. 5 with a discharge vessel 22, which is supported by two supply lines 26, 27 in an outer bulb 25. The first lead 26 is a short-angled wire. The second 27 is essentially a rod that leads to the socket remote 28 implementation. Here, the ignition unit in the base 30 is arranged, both the spiral pulse generator 21 with the integrated charging resistor and the spark gap 23rd

Diese Technik kann auch für elektrodenlose Lampen angewendet werden, wobei der Spiral-Puls-Generator als Zündhilfe dienen kann.This technique can also be used for electrodeless lamps, where the spiral pulse generator can serve as a starting aid.

Weitere Anwendungen dieses kompakten Hochspannungspulsgenerators liegen in der Zündung anderer Geräte. Die Anwendung ist vor allem bei sog. magischen Kugeln, bei der Erzeugung von Röntgenpulsen und der Erzeugung von Elektronenstrahl-Pulsen vorteilhaft. Auch ein Einsatz in Kfz als Ersatz für die üblichen Zündspulen ist möglich.Other applications of this compact high-voltage pulse generator are in the ignition of other devices. The application is particularly advantageous in so-called magic spheres, in the generation of X-ray pulses and in the generation of electron beam pulses. A use in a car as a replacement for the usual ignition coils is possible.

Dabei werden Windungszahlen von n bis 500 verwendet, so dass die Ausgangsspannung bis in die Größenordnung von 100 kV erreicht. Denn die Ausgangsspannung UA ist als Funktion der Ladespannung UL gegeben durch UA = 2 x n x UL x η, wobei die Effizienz η durch η = (AD-ID) /AD gegeben ist.In this case, winding numbers of n to 500 are used, so that the output voltage reaches up to the order of 100 kV. For the output voltage U A is given as a function of the charging voltage U L by U A = 2 xnx U L x η, wherein the efficiency η is given by η = (AD-ID) / AD.

Die Erfindung entfaltet besondere Vorteile im Zusammenwirken mit Hochdruckentladungslampen für Autoscheinwerfer, die mit Xenon unter hohem Druck von bevorzugt mindestens 3 bar und Metallhalogeniden gefüllt sind. Diese sind besonders schwer zu zünden, da wegen des hohen Xenondrucks die Zündspannung mehr als 10 kV beträgt. Derzeit wird versucht, die Komponenten der Zündeinheit im Sockel unterzubringen. Ein Spiral-Puls-Generator mit integriertem Ladewiderstand kann entweder in den Sockel der Kfz-Lampe oder in einen Außenkolben der Lampe untergebracht sein.The invention develops particular advantages in cooperation with high-pressure discharge lamps for car headlights, which are filled with xenon under high pressure of preferably at least 3 bar and metal halides. These are particularly difficult to ignite because of the high xenon pressure, the ignition voltage is more than 10 kV. Currently trying to accommodate the components of the ignition unit in the base. A spiral pulse generator with built-in charging resistor can either be in the socket of the Car lamp or be housed in an outer bulb of the lamp.

Die Erfindung entfaltet ganz besondere Vorteile im Zusammenwirken mit Hochdruckentladungslampen, die kein Quecksilber enthalten. Derartige Lampen sind aus Umweltschutzgründen besonders erstrebenswert. Sei enthalten eine geeignete Metallhalogenid-Füllung und insbesondere ein Edelgas wie Xenon unter hohem Druck. Wegen des fehlenden Quecksilbers ist die Zündspannung besonders hoch. Sie beträgt mehr als 20 kV. Derzeit wird versucht, die Komponenten der Zündeinheit im Sockel unterzubringen. Ein Spiral-Puls-Generator mit integriertem Ladewiderstand kann entweder in den Sockel der Quecksilberfreien Lampe oder in einen Außenkolben der Lampe untergebracht sein.The invention develops very special advantages in combination with high-pressure discharge lamps which contain no mercury. Such lamps are particularly desirable for environmental reasons. It contains a suitable metal halide fill and, in particular, a noble gas such as xenon under high pressure. Because of the lack of mercury, the ignition voltage is particularly high. It is more than 20 kV. Currently trying to accommodate the components of the ignition unit in the base. A spiral pulse generator with built-in charging resistor can either be housed in the base of the mercury-free lamp or in an outer bulb of the lamp.

Claims (11)

  1. Compact high-voltage pulse generator based on a spiral pulse generator (1), characterized in that the spiral pulse generator (1) is in the form of an LTCC assembly comprising ceramic films and metallic conductors (3, 4), a charging resistor (18) being integrated in the spiral pulse generator.
  2. High-voltage pulse generator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the spiral comprises at least 5 turns.
  3. High-voltage pulse generator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the charging resistor (18) is manufactured from an LTCC material.
  4. High-voltage pulse generator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the spiral pulse generator (1) and the charging resistor (18) are constructed together as an integrated LTCC assembly, the charging resistor on the LTCC assembly being integrated in the innermost ceramic insulating layer.
  5. High-voltage pulse generator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the charging resistor is electrically connected to that conductor which remains open at the outer end of the spiral pulse generator.
  6. High-voltage pulse generator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the spiral pulse generator is constructed from a plurality of layers, the number n of layers being at least n = 5.
  7. High-voltage pulse generator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the number n of layers is at most n = 500.
  8. High-voltage pulse generator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the spiral pulse generator has an approximately cylindrical design (2), with an inner diameter ID of at least 10 mm.
  9. High-voltage pulse generator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the dielectric constant ε of the spiral pulse generator is at least ε= 10.
  10. High-voltage pulse generator according to Claim 1, characterized in that a resistive paste is used for the charging resistor (18).
  11. High-voltage pulse generator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the metallic conductor (3, 4) is formed using metallic film or metallic conductive paste.
EP06830410A 2005-12-23 2006-12-06 High-voltage pulse generator for a high-pressure discharge lamp featuring an improved ignition quality Not-in-force EP1964157B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005061831A DE102005061831A1 (en) 2005-12-23 2005-12-23 High pressure discharge lamp e.g. sodium high pressure lamp, has igniter with spiral-pulse-generator and charging resistor, where charging resistor is made from low temperature co-firing ceramic-material
PCT/EP2006/069364 WO2007074032A2 (en) 2005-12-23 2006-12-06 High-pressure discharge lamp featuring an improved ignition quality

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EP1964157A2 EP1964157A2 (en) 2008-09-03
EP1964157B1 true EP1964157B1 (en) 2010-11-17

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US (1) US20100176725A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1964157B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2009521080A (en)
KR (1) KR20080081344A (en)
CN (1) CN101341571B (en)
AT (1) ATE488859T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2633533A1 (en)
DE (2) DE102005061831A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2008008234A (en)
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WO (1) WO2007074032A2 (en)

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DE102007010898A1 (en) 2007-03-06 2008-09-11 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung High voltage pulse generator and high pressure discharge lamp with such generator
DE102007017497A1 (en) 2007-04-13 2008-10-16 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Blended lamp
DE102008036611A1 (en) 2008-08-06 2010-02-11 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung High voltage pulse generator and high pressure discharge lamp with a high voltage pulse generator

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4325004A (en) * 1980-10-02 1982-04-13 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Method and apparatus for starting high intensity discharge lamps
US4379982A (en) * 1980-10-02 1983-04-12 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Low energy starting aid for high intensity discharge lamps
CA1167973A (en) * 1980-10-02 1984-05-22 Joseph M. Proud Low energy starting aid for high intensity discharge lamps
US4353012A (en) * 1981-04-24 1982-10-05 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Pulse injection starting for high intensity discharge metal halide lamps
US4629945A (en) * 1984-12-27 1986-12-16 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Method and apparatus for starting low wattage high intensity discharge lamps
US4608521A (en) * 1984-12-27 1986-08-26 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Dual spiral line generator method and apparatus for starting low wattage high intensity discharge lamps
WO2002097842A2 (en) * 2001-05-29 2002-12-05 Fusion Lighting, Inc. Integrated electrodeless lamp and solid state oscillators
JP2003324181A (en) * 2002-04-30 2003-11-14 Ibiden Co Ltd Complex semiconductor module

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DE102005061831A1 (en) 2007-06-28
US20100176725A1 (en) 2010-07-15
DE502006008360D1 (en) 2010-12-30
CA2633533A1 (en) 2007-07-05
EP1964157A2 (en) 2008-09-03
WO2007074032A2 (en) 2007-07-05
MX2008008234A (en) 2008-09-08
CN101341571B (en) 2012-09-05
CN101341571A (en) 2009-01-07
TW200802501A (en) 2008-01-01
JP2009521080A (en) 2009-05-28
WO2007074032A3 (en) 2007-11-15
KR20080081344A (en) 2008-09-09
ATE488859T1 (en) 2010-12-15

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