EP1961027B1 - Load interrupter for an encapsulated switchgear and permanent magnet system for a load interrupter - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a switch-disconnector for an encapsulated gas-insulated switchgear with at least one contact system, which comprises a fixed contact arrangement and a pivotable moving contact arrangement and a fixed contact arrangement associated permanent magnet system, each with a single permanent magnet for each fixed contact the fixed contact arrangement.

Such a load-break switch is out of GB 2 218 262 A known.

Another switch disconnector is from the EP 0 296 915 B1 known. The disclosed therein load-disconnect rotary switch comprises two diametrically opposed fixed contacts as a fixed contact arrangement as well as arranged on a switching shaft rotary knife as Bewegkontaktanordnung. In the fixed contacts each permanent magnets are arranged as permanent magnet system in this load-disconnect rotary switch. This arrangement of the permanent magnets causes a shift of an arc, which arises upon opening of the contact system, such that an arc base shifts by magnetic blowing in a shadow position on the fixed contact arrangement, whereby a re-ignition after the natural extinguishment of the arc is prevented after a current zero crossing.

Other other circuit breakers with permanent magnet systems are from GB 2 224 885 A and the EP 0 088 167 A2 known. Object of the present invention is to form a load-break switch of the type mentioned above, which has a simple and inexpensive construction with a high switching capacity.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the permanent magnet system is outside of the fixed contact arrangement in a region between a first determined by a movement path of the Bewegkontaktanordnung limit position and a second determined by the fixed contact arrangement limit position is held galvanically connected thereto such that a when opening the circuit breaker emerging arc extends to the permanent magnet system.

With such an arrangement of the permanent magnet system to the fixed contact arrangement, an arc-extinguishing device for the load-break switch is formed in a simple manner, because the permanent magnet system is mounted without special design of the fixed contact arrangement outside of this. With such an arrangement, a tripping of the arc from the fixed contact arrangement to the permanent magnet system is ensured in a simple manner.

In a further preferred embodiment, the permanent magnet system is arranged with its bottom side facing a resulting arc when opening the contact system. Such an arrangement ensures in a simple manner an interaction of the arc with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet system.

In another advantageous embodiment, the annular permanent magnet is arranged such that it surrounds the fixed contact. Even with such an arrangement, a crossing of the arc from the fixed contact arrangement on the permanent magnet system is made possible in a simple manner.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the permanent magnet system is arranged at an angle between 65 ° and 75 ° to align the fixed contact arrangement. By a A series of experiments has determined such an angle to be particularly advantageous for the passage of the arc from the fixed contact arrangement to the permanent magnet system.

In another preferred embodiment, a follower contact is articulated to the Bewegkontaktanordnung, wherein between the follower contact and the permanent magnet system up to an opening limit angle between the fixed contact arrangement and the Bewegkontaktanordnung a galvanic connection is formed, and at a greater angle than the opening limit angle, the galvanic connection between the Following contact and the permanent magnet system is separated. By means of such a follow-up contact advantageously a burning of the arc between the permanent magnet system and the trailing contact is ensured.

In a further embodiment, the follow-up contact is in the closed contact system on the fixed contact arrangement and changes when opening the contact system while maintaining the electrical connection with the fixed contact arrangement for permanent magnet system and lifts on reaching the opening limit angle, the electrical connection. In such an arrangement, material removal from the fixed contact arrangement by the arc is advantageously completely avoided.

In a preferred embodiment, the follow-up contact is applied to the permanent magnet system when the contact system is closed and, when the opening limit angle is reached, the galvanic connection is lifted. With such a design, a load on the fixed contact arrangement by the arc is advantageously completely prevented.

According to the invention the object is achieved in a further variant in that on the Bewegkontaktanordnung a follower contact with arranged thereon permanent magnet system is articulated, between the follower contact and the fixed contact arrangement up to an opening limit angle between the fixed contact and the Bewegköntaktanordnung a galvanic connection is formed, and at a greater angle than the opening limit angle, the electrical connection between the follower contact and the fixed contact arrangement is separated. With such an arrangement of the permanent magnet system on the fixed contact arrangement, an arc extinguishing device for the load disconnector is formed in a simple manner, because the permanent magnet system is arranged without special design of the fixed contact arrangement in a simple manner to the trailing contact. In this embodiment, advantageously, the moving contact arrangement is not loaded by the arc at all.

In a preferred embodiment, the permanent magnet system comprises a rotationally symmetric permanent magnet, which lies in an envelope of conductive material. By such a permanent magnet, a magnetic field is advantageously formed, which has areas with a parallel to the surface of the magnet field, whereby a Lorentz force on the resulting arc when opening the contact system acts such that the arc causes a rotation along the rotationally symmetric permanent magnet is, with the sheathing on the one hand destruction of the permanent magnet is prevented in a simple manner and on the other hand, the galvanic connection with the fixed contact arrangement is simple.

In a preferred embodiment, the envelope is a pan formed of a non-magnetic metal and shields the permanent magnet on the sides facing the arc. Non-magnetic metals, for example copper or zinc, are advantageous for forming a shield which protects the permanent magnet against destruction by the arc and which is in galvanic connection with the fixed contact arrangement.

In an advantageous embodiment, the pan is closed on a side facing away from the arc by means of a cover plate. Such a cover plate, which is preferably formed of iron, provides a simple, inexpensive way to close the pan to protect the permanent magnet. In addition, the lens increases the effective magnetic field through the iron yoke.

In a further preferred embodiment, the envelope is toroidal and receives an annular permanent magnet. By means of such a casing, the sides of the permanent magnet facing the arc are advantageously shielded in order to prevent destruction of the permanent magnet.

In a further preferred refinement, a fastening means has a fastening region for holding the permanent magnet system to the respective fixed contact and a support region for the envelope of the permanent magnet system, wherein the support region comprises an arc running track. Such a fastening means is particularly advantageous because on the one hand a galvanic connection of the enclosure of the permanent magnet system with the fixed contact arrangement is made possible and on the other hand particularly advantageous already formed by the support area an arc track is, so that the permanent magnet system and in particular the envelope are protected by the arc run of the support area against burn-off by the arc.

In a further embodiment, the enclosure comprises a base part with a bottom and a cylindrical wall and a cover plate with a smaller diameter than that of the hollow cylindrical wall, wherein in the base part and in the cover plate, a central passage opening is provided. Such a casing advantageously creates an iron yoke for the permanent magnet system, so that a strong radial magnetic field is formed for accelerating an arc root point. This is particularly advantageous in that the cover plate and hollow cylindrical wall have different radii, so that between them a gap is formed, which further amplifies the radial magnetic field. Through the central passage opening a fastening of the envelope is formed on the fastening means in a simple manner.

In a further preferred embodiment, an insulation cover for the permanent magnet system is provided, which comprises a cover ring with a recess and a cover part, which can be latched by means of latching means on the fastening means. With such an insulation cover, a further advantageous protection of the permanent magnet system and the enclosure is formed because an arc can not burn on the insulation cover made of a plastic, wherein advantageously by the recess, which is in the mounted state in the fixed contact arrangement, the transfer a at a separation of the moving contacts of the fixed contacts resulting arc is facilitated on the arc career.

In a preferred embodiment, the permanent magnet is an annular magnet with axial magnetization. Such a magnet is inexpensive and advantageously has a magnetic field which comprises a plurality of regions with field lines running parallel to the surfaces of the magnet.

In another preferred embodiment, the permanent magnet is an annular magnet with radial magnetization. Such a magnet has a magnetic field with regions of field lines running parallel to the surfaces of the magnet.

In an advantageous embodiment, the permanent magnet is formed of a neodymium-boron-iron composition. Such a permanent magnet advantageously provides a high value of the magnetic field strength and a large demagnetization resistance.

In another preferred embodiment, the permanent magnet is formed of a samarium-cobalt composition. Such a permanent magnet is advantageously used at higher temperatures.

In a further preferred embodiment, the permanent magnet is formed from a hard ferrite. Hard ferrites are advantageously inexpensive to form permanent magnets. Particularly preferred hard ferrites are strontium ferrite or barium ferrite.

The invention further relates to a permanent magnet system for a switch-disconnector, which for an encapsulated gas-insulated switchgear with at least one contact system, which has a fixed contact arrangement and a moving contact arrangement comprises, which permanent magnet system is assigned to the fixed contact arrangement, is provided.

Object of the present invention is to develop such a permanent magnet system such that it allows for a high switching capacity a simple and inexpensive construction of the circuit breaker.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in a permanent magnet system in that the permanent magnet system has an outer fastening means for holding the permanent magnet system to the respective fixed contact arrangement and for galvanic connection to the fixed contact arrangement.

With such an arrangement of the permanent magnet system on the fixed contact arrangement an arc quenching device for the load disconnector is formed in a simple manner, because the permanent magnet system is attached to the outside of the fixed contact arrangement.

In a preferred embodiment, a fastening means has a fastening region for holding the permanent magnet system to the respective fixed contact arrangement and a support region for the enclosure of the permanent magnet system, wherein the support region comprises an arc path.

In a further preferred embodiment, an enclosure comprises a base part with a bottom and a hollow cylindrical wall and a cover plate with a smaller diameter than the hollow cylindrical wall, wherein a central passage opening is provided in the base part and in the cover plate.

In a further embodiment of the invention, an insulation cover for the permanent magnet system is provided, which comprises a cover ring with a recess and a cover part, which can be latched by means of latching means on the fastening means.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing and an embodiment with reference to the accompanying figures.

Figur 1

einen erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalter in einer ersten Ausführungsform;

Figur 2

eine Detailansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalters gemäß der Figur 1;

Figur 3

eine Detailansicht eines Permanentmagneten des Permanentmagnetsystems, wie es bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 verweridet werden kann;

Figur 4

eine Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalters;

Figur 5

eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalters;

Figur 6

eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalters;

Figur 7

eine weiteres Beispiel eines Lasttrennschalters;

Figur 8

eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalters;

Figur 9

eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Lasttrennschalters;

Figur 10

ein weiteres Beispiel eines Lasttrennschalters.

Figur 11

eine Explosionsdarstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Permanentmagnetsystems;

Figur_'12

eine perspektivische Ansicht von oben des erfindungsgemäßen zusammengebauten Permanentmagnetsystems der Figur 11; und

Figur 13

eine perspektivische Ansicht von unten des erfindungsgemäßen zusammengebauten Permanentmagnetsystems der Figur 11.

Show it:

FIG. 1

a load-break switch according to the invention in a first embodiment;

FIG. 2

a detailed view of the circuit breaker according to the invention according to the FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 3

a detailed view of a permanent magnet of the permanent magnet system, as in the embodiment according to Fig. 1 can be assigned;

FIG. 4

a view of another embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention;

FIG. 5

a further embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention;

FIG. 6

a further embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention;

FIG. 7

another example of a circuit breaker;

FIG. 8

a further embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention;

FIG. 9

a further embodiment of the circuit breaker according to the invention;

FIG. 10

another example of a circuit breaker.

FIG. 11

an exploded view of the permanent magnet system according to the invention;

FIG _. 12

a top perspective view of the assembled permanent magnet system of the invention FIG. 11 ; and

FIG. 13

a bottom perspective view of the assembled permanent magnet system of the invention FIG. 11 ,

FIG. 1 shows a switch-disconnector 1 according to the invention for a gas-insulated switchgear, in particular with SF6 or SF6 mixtures as insulating, the encapsulation is not shown figuratively, with a fixed contact assembly 2, which fixed contacts 3, 4 and 5 comprises. The fixed contacts 3, 4 and 5 are mounted on a support 6, wherein a conductive connection is formed to a busbar assembly, not shown in the figure. The switch-disconnector 1 further comprises a Bewegkontaktanordnung 7 with Bewegkontakten 8, 9, 10. The Bewegkontakte 8, 9 and 10 in the present embodiment are designed as a double blade moving contacts and attached to a switching shaft 11 which is rotatably mounted on a support 12 and by means a drive device, not shown, is driven. Furthermore a grounding contact arrangement 13 is provided with grounding contacts 14, 15 and 16. The fixed contacts 3, 4 and 5 are fully rounded at their the Bewegkontakten 8, 9 and 10 facing sides 17, 18, 19, as well as the grounding contacts 14, 15, 16 on their sides 20, 21, 22, so that the closing of Contact system of fixed contact arrangement 2 and moving contact arrangement 7 or grounding contact arrangement 13 and moving contact arrangement 7 in a simple manner possible. On the fixed contact arrangement 2, a permanent magnet system 23 is provided with permanent magnets 24, 25, 26 which are each shielded on their the Bewegkontaktanordndung 7 facing sides by means of shells in the form of pans 27, 28, 29 and on their the Bewegkontaktanordnung 7 side facing away by means of end plates 30th , 31, 32, which are made of iron, for example, are completed. The pans 27, 28, 29 are connected by means of fastening means 33, 34, 35 with the fixed contacts 3, 4, 5 electrically conductive.

The in the FIG. 1 shown position of the switch-disconnector corresponds to a disconnected position in which the Bewegkontaktanordnung 7 is neither with the fixed contact assembly 2 still with the grounding contact arrangement 13 in a conductive connection. The Bewegkontaktanordnung 7 can by means of the drive device not shown figuratively via the switching shaft 11 between a position in which the Bewegkontaktanordnung 7 forms a conductive connection with the fixed contact assembly 2, and a position in which the Bewegkontaktanordnung 7 with the grounding contact assembly 13 forms a conductive connection, be pivoted.

When the contact system is closed with a conductive connection between the fixed contact arrangement 2 and the Bewegkontaktanordnung 7 via the drive device and the switching shaft 11, a switching operation is triggered in which the Bewegkontaktanordnung 7 is separated from the fixed contact assembly 2, this results in an arc between the Bewegkontakten 8, 9, 10 and the fixed contacts 3, 4, 5 during this separation process. This arc is erased during a subsequent current zero crossing. The extinction of the arc and thus the switching capacity of the circuit breaker 1 are ensured by the permanent magnet system 23 to the fixed contact system 2.

FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of a contact system of the circuit breaker 1 from FIG. 1 with the fixed contact 3 and the moving contact 8 and the permanent magnet system 23 with the associated permanent magnet 24, which is arranged in the pan 27. The permanent magnet 24 is covered on its side facing away from the moving contact 8 by the cover plate 30. The pan 27 with the cover plate 30 is fixed by means of the fastening element 33 to the fixed contact 3 and is in a galvanic connection with this. In the position of FIG. 2 the separation process of Bewegkontakt 8 and fixed contact 3 has already progressed so far that a first between the moving contact 8 and the fixed contact 3 burning arc has already jumped on the pan 27 and continues to burn on this. By the disposed in the pan 27 permanent magnet 24 and the magnetic field, a force acts on the arc, causing it to rotate on a circular path. Due to the rotation of the arc along the circular surface, a local burn-off or a local removal of material is greatly reduced and ensures safe erasure in the next current zero crossing.

FIG. 3 shows an annular permanent magnet 24 with axial magnetization, whose respective poles are denoted by S and N, and corresponding field lines of the magnetic field are denoted by M. Like from the FIG. 3 can be seen, in such an arrangement, three areas I, II, III are formed, in which the field lines extend parallel to the surface of the permanent magnet 24. If a current flows in the direction of the permanent magnet, as for example in the case of a burning arc, then this current experiences a Lorenz force by means of the magnetic field, which causes a rotation of the arc about the axis of rotation of the permanent magnet 24. Instead of the annular permanent magnet 24 with axial magnetization, it is also possible to use an annular permanent magnet with a radial magnetization which likewise has regions with field lines extending parallel to the surface of the permanent magnet.

FIG. 4 shows by way of example various attachment positions of the permanent magnet system 23 to the fixed contact 3, which in the FIG. 4 is in a conductive connection with the moving contact 8. Denoted by C and shown in dashed lines is the movement path of the moving contact 8 during a switching operation, in which the contact system of fixed contact 3 and moving contact 8 is disconnected. By this movement path C, a lower first limit position D is determined by which the moving contact 8 closest position for the permanent system 23 is defined. By the fixed contact 3, a second limit position E is defined, in which the permanent magnet system 23 can be attached to the fixed contact 3 next. In the positions D and E, the permanent magnet system is shown with dotted or dashed line. Denoted by F is a mounting position for the permanent magnet system 23 at an angle α with respect to a horizontal axis of the circuit breaker. '

Defined by the angle α position F represent a preferred arrangement position for the permanent magnet system 23 relative to the orientation of the fixed contact 3 of the fixed contact assembly 2, wherein the angle α between 65 ° and 75 ° relative to the orientation of the fixed contact assembly 2 is selected.

In FIG. 5 a further embodiment for mounting the permanent magnet system 23 is shown on the fixed contact 3, in which the annular permanent magnet 24 both at its outer, at its base as well as on its inside by a voltage applied to the annular permanent magnet toroidal cladding 27 in the direction of Bewegkontaktes 8 or the movement path C of the moving contact 8 is shielded.

FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a circuit breaker 1 according to the invention, in which a follower contact 36 is articulated by means of a joint 37 to the moving contact 8. Shown dashed lines is the moving contact when the contact system is closed, and drawn through when the contact system is open. The follower contact 36 is attached by means of a suitable spring mechanism, not shown, for example, a compression spring which cooperates with a stop element on the moving contact 8, so that in a separation process of the contact system of moving contact 8 and fixed contact 3 via the spring element of the trailing contact 36 a galvanic Connection between the moving contact 8 and the fixed contact 3 maintains, while the moving contact 8 and whose free end is already removed from the fixed contact 3, is. During the movement of the moving contact 8 along the trajectory C, the trailing contact 36 is finally prevented by means of the stop element figuratively not shown in its further movement, so that upon reaching a certain critical angle and the galvanic connection between the trailing contact 36 and the fixed contact 3 and the permanent magnet system 23 is interrupted. In this case, the arc burns between the trailing contact 36 and the permanent magnet 23 and is erased in the next zero current crossing.

FIG. 7 shows a further example of a circuit breaker, outside the invention, in a side and a front view, in which a follower contact 38 is arranged by means of a hinge 39 and the above-mentioned spring elements and stop elements not shown on the moving contact 8. On the fixed contact 3 laterally spaced is a permanent magnet system 40, which is connected via a fixing bushing 41 with the fixed contact 3 in a galvanic connection. During the separation process, the contact, as in the embodiment of FIG. 6 , initially maintained on the follower contact 38 and the pan of the permanent magnet system 40, wherein when a critical angle in the separation between moving contact 8 and fixed contact 3 and the follower contact 38 is finally separated from the permanent magnet system 40 and the arc between the permanent magnet 40 and the tracking contact 38 burns and is cleared in the next zero crossing.

In the FIG. 8 is a further embodiment of the trailing contact of FIG. 6 shown, wherein the trailing contact 42 in the FIG. 8 also forms a conductive connection with the permanent magnet system 23, and when exceeding an opening limit angle between the moving contact 8 and the fixed contact 3 in a separation process, this electrical connection is disconnected and an arc between the follower contact 42 and the permanent magnet system 23 burns and is deleted in the next zero current passage. Shown in dashed lines is the moving contact 8 with the contact system closed, and shown in solid with the contact system open.

FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of a circuit breaker according to the invention, in which a permanent magnet system 44 surrounds the fixed contact 3 annularly, wherein the permanent magnet 44 is again shielded by means of a pan 45 at least on its the moving contact 8 and the trajectory C of the moving contact 8 facing sides. Also in this arrangement, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 44 acts on an arc such that it is caused to rotate and is finally extinguished in the next current zero crossing.

In FIG. 10 is another example of a circuit breaker, shown outside the invention, in which a follower contact 46 via a hinge 47 and figuratively not shown spring elements and stop elements is arranged on the moving contact 8. Attached to the follower contact 46 is a permanent magnet system 48 having a permanent magnet 49 and a socket 50 for shielding the permanent magnet in the direction of the fixed contact 3. In this embodiment, an arc between the fixed contact 3 and the permanent magnet system 48 is ignited when separating moving contact 8 and fixed contact 3 , which is also rotated along the surface of the pan 50 due to the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 49 and deleted in the next zero current passage. Shown dashed lines is the follower contact 46 with the permanent magnet system when the contact system is closed, and shown in solid lines when the contact system is open.

In the Figures 2 . 4-6 . 8, 9 exemplary arrangements of a circuit breaker according to the invention are shown, wherein for simplicity, only one contact system of a fixed contact and a moving contact is shown.

FIG. 11 shows an exploded view of a permanent magnet system 23 according to the invention, as shown for example in the FIG. 1 is arranged on the fixed contacts 17, 18 and 19. The fastening means 33 has a fastening region 51 for holding the permanent magnet system 23 on the respective fixed contact arrangement as well as a support region 52. The fastening region 51 is formed from two fastening tabs 53, 54, which have fastening openings 55 and 56, with which the fastening means 33 is screwed to the respective fixed contact. Furthermore, 51 recesses 57, 58 are provided on the mounting portion, which are provided for receiving a cover part described below. The carrying region 52 of the fastening means 33 comprises an annular region 59, which is designed as an arc running track 59. The arc runway 59 is connected via tabs 60, 61 with the mounting portion 51, wherein in the tabs 60, 61 locking recesses are formed, of which only a latching recess 62 in the figure can be seen. The permanent magnet 24 is accommodated in a sheath of a base 63 having a bottom 64 and a hollow cylindrical wall 65 and a cover plate 66, so that the permanent magnet 24 is substantially completely covered by the sheath, the sheath of base 63 and cover plate 66 from Iron is formed, so that an iron yoke for the permanent magnet system is formed by the enclosure. The cover plate 66 in this case has an outer diameter which is so less than the inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical wall 65 that in the remaining gap between the cover plate 66 and hollow cylindrical wall 65, an amplified radial magnetic field is formed by an arc root on the Arc runway 59 is driven maximum. A cover ring 67 and a cover part 68, both of which are formed of a plastic material, are provided as a protective cover for the permanent magnet system 23. The cover plate 66, the permanent magnet 24 and the base 63 for this purpose have central through holes 69, 70, 71, through which a latching means 72 of the cover member 68 extends, which latching means 72 in the recesses 57, 58 of the mounting portion 51 of the fastener 33rd engages and allows a holder of the entire arrangement on the fastening means 33. The cover ring 67 is also latched by means of latching hooks 73, 74 on the fastening means 33 at its latching recesses 62, so that a protective cover of the permanent magnet system is formed by means of the cover hood 67 and the cover part 68, wherein the cover ring 67 has a front opening 75 with a radius, which corresponds to the outer radius of the arc runway 59, and the cover part 68 has a radius which corresponds to the inner radius of the arc runway 59, so that by the cover ring 67 and the cover part 68, the permanent magnet system 63 is covered with the exception of the arc runway 59.

FIG. 12 shows a perspective view from above of the assembled permanent magnet system on the fastening means 33, wherein the locking means 72 of the cover part 68 is engaged in the recesses 57 and 58 and the cover 67 is engaged with its latching hooks 73 and 74 in the recesses 62 of the tabs 60, 61 ,

FIG. 13 shows a perspective view from below of the assembled permanent magnet system, wherein the formed from the support portion 52 arc running path 59 between the cover ring 67 and the cover part 68 is visible. In the Fig. 13 can be seen a recess 76 of the cover 67, which in the assembled state in the region of is in the mounted state in the region of the fixed contact arrangement and which facilitates the transfer of a resulting in a separation of the moving contacts 8, 9, 10 of the fixed contacts 17, 18, 19 arc on the arc track.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Switch disconnectors

2

Fixed contact arrangement

3, 4, 5

fixed contacts

6

support element

7

Bewegkontaktanordnung

8, 9, 10

moving contacts

11

switch shaft

12

support element

13

Earthing contact arrangement

14, 15, 16

grounding contacts

17, 18, 19

Fixed contact pages

20, 21, 22

Grounding contact pages

23

Permanent magnet system

24, 25, 26

permanent magnets

27, 28, 29

Pans

30, 31, 32,

lenses

33, 34, 35

fastener

36

trailing contact

37

joint

38

trailing contact

39

joint

40

Permanent magnet system

41

mounting bolts

42

trailing contact

43

joint

44

permanent magnet

45

pan

46

trailing contact

47

joint

48

Permanent magnet system

49

permanent magnet

50

pan

51

fastening area

52

support area

53, 54

mounting tabs

55, 56

mounting holes

57, 58

recesses

59

Arc raceway

60, 61

tabs

62

recess

63

base

64

ground

65

Hollow cylindrical wall

66

cover

67

cover ring

68

cover part

69, 70, 71

Central passages

72

latching means

73, 74

latch hook

75

opening

76

recess

C

trajectory

D

first border position

e

second border position

F

preferred mounting position

G

Electric arc

I, II, III

magnetic fields

Claims (25)

1. Load interrupter (1) for an encapsulated gas-insulated switchgear having at least one contact system that comprises a fixed contact arrangement (2) as well as a pivotable moving contact arrangement (7), and a permanent magnet system (23, 44) assigned to the fixed contact arrangement (2) and having in each case a single permanent magnet for a respective fixed contact of the fixed contact arrangement, characterized in that the permanent magnet system (23, 44) is kept electrically connected to the fixed contact arrangement (2) on its outside in a region between a first limit position (D) determined by a movement path of the moving contact arrangement, and a second limit position (E) determined by the fixed contact arrangement, in such a way that an arc produced during opening of the load interrupter extends to the permanent magnet system.
2. Load interrupter according to Claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnet system (23, 44) is arranged with its bottom side facing an arc produced during opening of the contact system.
3. Load interrupter according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the permanent magnet system (44) comprises a ring magnet and is arranged in such a way that it encloses the fixed contact (3, 4, 5).
4. Load interrupter according to Claim 3, characterized in that the permanent magnet system (23) is arranged at an angle between 65° and 75° to the alignment of the fixed contact arrangement (2).
5. Load interrupter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a follow on contact (36, 42) is arranged articulated on the moving contact arrangement (7), an electrical connection being formed between the follow on contact (36, 42) and the permanent magnet system (23, 44) up to an opening limit angle between the fixed contact arrangement (2) and the moving contact arrangement (7), and in the event of a larger angle than the opening limit angle, the electrical connection between the follow on contact (36, 42) and the permanent magnet system (23) is interrupted.
6. Load interrupter according to Claim 5, characterized in that with closed contact system the follow on contact (36, 42) bears against the fixed contact arrangement (2) and, upon opening of the contact system with retention of the electrical connection to the fixed contact arrangement (2), changes to the permanent magnet system (23, 44), and cancels the electrical connection when the opening limit angle is reached.
7. Load interrupter according to Claim 5, characterized in that with closed contact system the follow on contact (36, 42) bears against the permanent magnet system (23, 44) and, when the opening limit angle is reached, it cancels the electrical connection.
8. Load interrupter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the permanent magnet system (23, 44) comprises a rotationally symmetrical permanent magnet (24, 25, 26, 44) that lies in a covering (27, 28, 29, 45) made from conducting material.
9. Load interrupter according to Claim 8, characterized in that the covering (27, 28, 29, 45) is a pan (27, 28, 29, 45) formed from a nonmagnetic metal, and shields the permanent magnet (24, 25, 26, 44) at the sides facing the arc.
10. Load interrupter according to Claim 9, characterized in that the pan (27, 28, 29, 45) is closed on a side averted from the arc by means of a closing plate (30, 31, 32).
11. Load interrupter according to Claim 8, characterized in that the covering is of toroidal design and accommodates a ring-shaped permanent magnet.
12. Load interrupter according to Claim 8, characterized in that a fastening means (33) has a fastening region (51) for holding the permanent magnet system (23) on the respective fixed contact arrangement (2), and a support region (52) for the covering (63, 66) of the permanent magnet system (23), the support region (52) comprising an arc movement path (59).
13. Load interrupter according to Claim 12, characterized in that the covering (63, 66) comprises a basic part (63) having a base (64) and a hollow cylindrical wall (65) as well as a cover plate (66) with a smaller diameter than that of the hollow cylindrical wall (65), a central through opening (70, 71) being provided in the basic part (63) and in the cover plate (66).
14. Load interrupter according to either of Claims 12 and 13, characterized in that provided for the permanent magnet system (23) is an insulating cover (67, 68) that comprises a collar (67) with a cutout (76), and a lid part (68), which are respectively capable of latching tightly on the fastening means (33, 57, 58, 62) with the aid of latching means (72, 73, 74).
15. Load interrupter according to one of Claims 8 to 14, characterized in that the permanent magnet (24, 25, 26, 44) is a ring-shaped magnet with axial magnetization.
16. Load interrupter according to one of Claims 8 to 14, characterized in that the permanent magnet (24, 25, 26, 44) is a ring-shaped magnet with radial magnetization.
17. Load interrupter according to one of Claims 8 to 16, characterized in that the permanent magnet (24, 25, 26, 44) is formed from a neodymium boron iron compound.
18. Load interrupter according to one of Claims 8 to 16, characterized in that the permanent magnet (24, 25, 26, 44) is formed from a samarium cobalt compound.
19. Load interrupter according to one of Claims 8 to 16, characterized in that the permanent magnet (24, 25, 26, 44) is formed from a hard ferrite.
20. Load interrupter according to Claim 19, characterized in that the hard ferrite is strontium ferrite.
21. Load interrupter according to Claim 19, characterized in that the hard ferrite is barium ferrite.
22. Permanent magnet system (23) for a load interrupter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the permanent magnet system (23) has an external fastening means (33) for holding the permanent magnet system (23) on the respective fixed contact arrangement (2) and for electrical connection to the fixed contact arrangement (2).
23. Permanent magnet system according to Claim 22, characterized in that the external fastening means (33) has a fastening region (51) for holding the permanent magnet system (23) on the respective fixed contact arrangement, and a support region (52) for the covering (63, 66) of the permanent magnet system (23), the support region (52) comprising an arc movement path (59).
24. Permanent magnet system according to Claim 23, characterized in that the covering (63, 66) comprises a basic part (63) having a base (64) and a cylindrical wall (65) as well as a cover plate (66) with a smaller diameter than that of the hollow cylindrical wall (65), a central through opening (70, 71) being provided in the basic part (63) and in the cover plate (66).
25. Permanent magnet system according to one of Claims 23 and 24, characterized in that provided for the permanent magnet system (23) is an insulating cover (67, 68) that comprises a collar (67) with a cutout (76), and a lid part (68), which are capable of latching tightly on the fastening means (33, 57, 58, 62) with the aid of latching means (72, 73, 74).

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