EP1946307A1 - Procede et appareil de traitement d'un signal - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de traitement d'un signal

Info

Publication number
EP1946307A1
EP1946307A1 EP06799229A EP06799229A EP1946307A1 EP 1946307 A1 EP1946307 A1 EP 1946307A1 EP 06799229 A EP06799229 A EP 06799229A EP 06799229 A EP06799229 A EP 06799229A EP 1946307 A1 EP1946307 A1 EP 1946307A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
data
coding
pilot
reference value
entropy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP06799229A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1946307A4 (fr
Inventor
Hyen O Oh
Hee Suk Pang
Dong Soo Kim
Jae Hyun Lim
Yang Won Jung
Hyo Jin Kim
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LG Electronics Inc
Original Assignee
LG Electronics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020060079836A external-priority patent/KR20070108312A/ko
Application filed by LG Electronics Inc filed Critical LG Electronics Inc
Priority claimed from PCT/KR2006/004151 external-priority patent/WO2007043843A1/fr
Publication of EP1946307A1 publication Critical patent/EP1946307A1/fr
Publication of EP1946307A4 publication Critical patent/EP1946307A4/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/24—Systems for the transmission of television signals using pulse code modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
    • H04H20/86—Arrangements characterised by the broadcast information itself
    • H04H20/88—Stereophonic broadcast systems
    • H04H20/89—Stereophonic broadcast systems using three or more audio channels, e.g. triphonic or quadraphonic
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H40/00—Arrangements specially adapted for receiving broadcast information
    • H04H40/18—Arrangements characterised by circuits or components specially adapted for receiving
    • H04H40/27—Arrangements characterised by circuits or components specially adapted for receiving specially adapted for broadcast systems covered by groups H04H20/53 - H04H20/95
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H60/00—Arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linking to broadcast information or broadcast space-time; Broadcast-related systems
    • H04H60/76—Arrangements characterised by transmission systems other than for broadcast, e.g. the Internet
    • H04H60/81—Arrangements characterised by transmission systems other than for broadcast, e.g. the Internet characterised by the transmission system itself
    • H04H60/82—Arrangements characterised by transmission systems other than for broadcast, e.g. the Internet characterised by the transmission system itself the transmission system being the Internet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/439—Processing of audio elementary streams
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/008—Multichannel audio signal coding or decoding using interchannel correlation to reduce redundancy, e.g. joint-stereo, intensity-coding or matrixing

Definitions

  • contents including an audio signal, a video signal and additional information have been provided using a variety of broadcasting methods.
  • a variety of contents including an audio signal has been provided using a digital broadcasting signal.
  • the audio signal which is transmitted through digital multimedia broadcasting may be compressed by a variety of compression methods and then transmitted.
  • the audio signal is received, the audio signal is decoded by the compression method of the audio signal included in the broadcasting signal.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • Another object of the present invention devised to solve the problem lies on a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding data, which is capable of maximizing transmission efficiency of control data used in audio recovery.
  • a method and apparatus for processing the signal can transmit/receive a broadcasting signal including an compressed audio signal in a broadcasting signal format of a digital video broadcasting terrestrial (DVB-T) system or a digital video broadcasting-handheld (DVB-H) system.
  • DVD-T digital video broadcasting terrestrial
  • DVD-H digital video broadcasting-handheld
  • a method for processing a signal including receiving a broadcasting signal including audio data coded using a pilot reference value and a pilot difference value, demodulating the broadcasting signal in consideration of a scattered pilot which varies over time and a continual pilot which is fixed over time in a frame of the received broadcasting signal and decoding the demodulated signal to obtain a broadcasting transmission stream, demultiplexing the broadcasting transmission stream to obtain coded audio data in an Internet protocol (IP) packet and an identifier for identifying a method of decoding the audio data, obtaining the pilot reference value corresponding to a plurality of data and the pilot difference value corresponding to the pilot reference value from the coded audio data and obtaining the audio data using the pilot reference value and the pilot difference value.
  • the method may further include decoding at least one of the pilot reference value and the pilot difference value.
  • the parameter includes at least one of a channel level difference (CLD), an inter-channel coherence (ICC) and an arbitrary downmix gain (ADG).
  • the pilot reference value may be one of an average value, an intermediate value, a most frequently used value and a default value of the plurality of data.
  • the pilot reference value may be one value extracted from a table.
  • the method may further include selecting data having highest coding efficiency as a final pilot reference value after the pilot reference value has been set to each of the plurality of data.
  • the IP packet may include a real-time transport protocol (RTP) packet including core-coded audio data and the pilot reference value and the pilot difference value according to the core-coded audio data.
  • RTP real-time transport protocol
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are block diagrams of a system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are diagrams to explain PBC coding according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram to explain types of DIFF coding according to the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram to explain a relation in selecting one of at least three coding schemes according to the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram to explain a relation in selecting one of at least three coding schemes according to a related art
  • FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 are flowcharts for the data coding selecting scheme according to the present invention, respectively
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram to explaining internal grouping according to the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram to explaining external grouping according to the present invention
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram to explain multiple grouping according to the present invention
  • FIG. 17 are diagrams to explain mixed grouping according to another embodiments of the present invention, respectively; [29] FIG. 18 is an exemplary diagram of ID and 2D entropy table according to the present invention; [30] FIG. 19 is an exemplary diagram of two methods for 2D entropy coding according to the present invention; [31] FIG. 20 is a diagram of entropy coding scheme for PBC coding result according to the present invention; [32] FIG. 21 is a diagram of entropy coding scheme for DIFF coding result according to the present invention; [33] FIG. 22 is a diagram to explain a method of selecting an entropy table according to the present invention; [34] FIG.
  • FIG. 23 is a hierarchical diagram of a data structure according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 24 is a block diagram of an apparatus for audio compression and recovery according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 25 is a detailed block diagram of a spatial information encoding part according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 26 is a detailed block diagram of a spatial information decoding part according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 30 is a diagram of an IP packet structure
  • a meaning of coding includes an encoding process and a decoding process. Yet, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that a specific coding process is applicable to an encoding or decoding process only, which will be discriminated in the following description of a corresponding part. And, the coding can be named codec as well.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are diagrams of a system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are diagrams of a system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an encoding apparatus 1 and FIG. 2 shows a decoding apparatus 2.
  • the entropy encoding part 40 performs variable length encoding according to statistical characteristics of data with reference to an entropy table 41. And, operations of the entropy encoding part 40 shall be explained in detail with reference to FIGs. 18 to 22 later.
  • the bitstream multiplexing part 50 arranges and/or converts the coded data to correspond to a transfer specification and then transfers the arranged/converted data in a bitstream form. Yet, if a specific system employing the present invention does not use the bitstream multiplexing part 50, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the system can be configured without the bitstream multiplexing part 50.
  • the present invention intends to provide a data structure including the features of the present invention.
  • pilot reference value A value becoming a reference to apply the PBC can be defined as reference value, pilot, pilot reference value or pilot value.
  • pilot reference value a value becoming a reference to apply the PBC.
  • pilot reference value corresponding to a plurality of parameters is selected.
  • the pilot reference value is decided with reference to a parameter becoming a PBC target.
  • control data is transferred in addition to a downmixed signal of audio and is then used to reconstruct the audio.
  • control data is defined as spatial information or spatial parameter.
  • An apparatus for processing a signal includes a value generating part generating a pilot difference value using a pilot reference value corresponding to a plurality of data and the data if a number of a plurality of the data meets a preset condition and an output part transferring the generated pilot difference value.
  • the value generating part is included in the aforesaid data encoding part 31 or 32.
  • An apparatus for processing a signal includes a value generating part generating a pilot difference value using a pilot reference value corresponding to a plurality of data and the data and an output part outputting the generated pilot difference value.
  • a method of processing a signal according to another further embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of generating a pilot difference value using a pilot reference value corresponding to a plurality of gains and the gains and outputting the generated pilot difference value.
  • the DIFF(DT) applied to the Group-2 corresponds to a scheme that finds a difference value between a parameter value at a current time and a parameter value at a previous time (e.g., Group- 1). This is called backward time DIFF(DT) (hereinafter abbreviated DT-B ACKWARD).
  • the DIFF(DT) applied to the Group-3 corresponds to a scheme that finds a difference value between a parameter value at a current time and a parameter value at a next time (e.g., Group-4). This is called forward time DIFF(DT) (hereinafter abbreviated DT-FORWARD).
  • the Group- 1 is a DIFF(DF) coding scheme
  • the Group-2 is a DIFF(DT-BACKWARD) coding scheme
  • the Group-3 is a DIFF(DT-BACKWARD)
  • DIFF(DT-FORWARD) coding scheme Yet, a coding scheme of the Group-4 is not decided.
  • DIFF in frequency axis is defined as one coding scheme (e.g., DIFF(DF)) only, definitions can be made by discriminating it into
  • FIGs. 6 to 8 are diagrams of examples to which DIFF coding scheme is applied.
  • FIG. 7 shows results from calculating difference values of the Group- 1. Since the
  • Formula 2 means that a difference value from a previous parameter is found on a frequency axis. [176] [Formula 2]
  • Group-2 is coded by the DIFF(DF-BACKW ARD) coding scheme, difference values are calculated by Formula 3.
  • Formula 3 means that a difference value from a previous parameter is found on a time axis.
  • the data coding scheme includes a PBC coding scheme at least. And, the PBC coding scheme decodes the data using a pilot reference value corresponding to a plurality of data and a pilot difference value. And, the pilot difference value is generated using the data and the pilot reference value.
  • the data coding scheme further includes a DIFF coding scheme.
  • the DIFF coding scheme corresponds to one of DIFF-DF scheme and DIFF-DT scheme.
  • the DIFF- DT scheme corresponds to one of forward time DIFF-DT(FORW ARD) scheme and backward time DIFF-DT(BACKWARD).
  • the signal processing method further includes the steps of obtaining entropy coding identification information and entropy-decoding the data using an entropy coding scheme indicated by the entropy coding identification information.
  • the signal processing method further includes the step of decoding an audio signal using the data as parameters.
  • An apparatus for processing a signal according to one embodiment of the present invention includes
  • An identification information obtaining part obtaining data coding identification information and a decoding part data-decoding data according to a data coding scheme indicated by the data coding identification information.
  • the data coding scheme includes a PBC coding scheme at least. And, the PBC coding scheme decodes the data using a pilot reference value corresponding to a plurality of data and a pilot difference value. And, the pilot difference value is generated using the data and the pilot reference value.
  • PBC coding scheme encodes the data using a pilot reference value corresponding to a plurality of data and a pilot difference value. And, the pilot difference value is generated using the data and the pilot reference value.
  • An apparatus for processing a signal according to another embodiment of the present invention includes an encoding part data-encoding data according to a data coding scheme and an outputting part generating to transfer data coding identification information indicating the data coding scheme.
  • PBC coding scheme encodes the data using a pilot reference value corresponding to a plurality of data and a pilot difference value. And, the pilot difference value is generated using the data and the pilot reference value.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram to explain a relation in selecting one of at least three coding schemes according to the present invention.
  • frequency of use of the first data encoding part 53 is 10
  • frequency of use of the second data encoding part 52 is 30, and that frequency of use of the third data encoding part 51 is 60.
  • PCM scheme is applied 10 times
  • PBC scheme is applied 30 times
  • DIFF scheme is applied 60 times.
  • DIFF coding is a data coding scheme having highest frequency of use.
  • PBC coding is a data coding scheme having highest frequency of use.
  • identification information for a per-group coding type selection for the same 100 data groups needs total 120 bits of first information (100 bits) + second information (20 bits).
  • a method of processing a signal according to one embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of extracting identification information indicating a plurality of data coding schemes hierarchically and decoding data according to the data coding scheme corresponding to the identification information.
  • DIFF coding scheme included in a plurality of the data coding schemes is extracted from different layers.
  • the identification information is extracted in a manner of extracting first identification information and second identification information hierarchically.
  • the first identification information indicates whether it is a first data coding scheme and the second identification information indicates whether it is a second data coding scheme.
  • the first identification information indicates whether it is a DIFF coding scheme.
  • an apparatus for processing a signal according to another further embodiment of the present invention includes an encoding part encoding data according to a data coding scheme and an identification information generating part (e.g., 400 in FIG. 11) generating identification information discriminating data coding schemes differing from each other in frequency of use used in encoding the data.
  • an identification information generating part e.g., 400 in FIG. 11
  • grouping types of the present invention can be classified into domain grouping, data grouping and channel grouping with reference to a grouping target.
  • the grouping according to the present invention is completed in a manner that various grouping schemes are overlapped with each other in use or used in combination with each other.
  • band frequency domain unit
  • second frequency grouping is performed on the generated parameter bands to generate second group bands that may be called data bands.
  • the second frequency grouping is able to generate data bands by unifying parameter bands with uniform number.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram to explaining external grouping according to the present invention.
  • the timeslot(s) excluded from the rearrangement is excluded from final group formation, it is excluded from the PBC or DIFF coding targets.
  • a first group by the first grouping includes a plurality of internal groups by the internal grouping.
  • a method of processing a signal according to another embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of generating a difference value using a group reference value corresponding to a plurality of data included in one group through data grouping and internal grouping for the data grouping and the data and transferring the generated difference value.
  • entropy table is defined as a codebook. And, an encoding part and a decoding part use the same table.
  • FIG. 18 is an exemplary diagram of ID and 2D entropy table according to the present invention.
  • an entropy table of the present invention basically includes an index field, a length field and a codeword field.
  • An entropy decoding part having received the codeword decides the entropy table having used for the corresponding data and then derives an index value using the corresponding codeword and a bit length configuring the codeword within the decided table.
  • the present invention represents a codeword as hexadecimal.
  • a positive sign (+) or a negative sign (-) of an index value derived by ID or 2D entropy coding is omitted. So, it is necessary to assign the sign after completion of the ID or 2D entropy coding.
  • the entropy coding scheme is one of a ID coding scheme and a multidimensional coding scheme (e.g., 2D coding scheme).
  • the multi-dimensional coding scheme is one of a frequency pair (FP) coding scheme and a time pair (TP) coding scheme.
  • the value obtaining part is included in the aforesaid bitstream demultiplexing part 60 and the data obtaining part is included within the aforesaid data decoding part 91 or 92.
  • the reference value is entropy-encoded.
  • the entropy-encoded reference value is transferred.
  • the value generating part is included within the aforesaid data encoding part 31 or 32.
  • the outputting part is included within the aforesaid bitstream multiplexing part 50.
  • a method of processing a signal includes the steps of obtaining data corresponding to a plurality of data coding schemes, deciding an entropy table for at least one of a pilot reference value and a pilot difference value included in the data using an entropy table identifier unique to the data coding scheme, and entropy-decoding at least one of the pilot reference value and the pilot difference value using the entropy table.
  • the entropy table identifier is unique to each of the pilot reference value and the pilot difference value.
  • the entropy table is unique to the entropy table identifier and includes one of a pilot table, a frequency differential table and a time differential table.
  • the entropy table corresponding to the pilot reference value is able to use a frequency differential table.
  • the pilot reference value is entropy-decoded by the ID entropy coding scheme.
  • the entropy coding scheme includes a ID entropy coding scheme and a 2D entropy coding scheme.
  • the 2D entropy coding scheme includes a frequency pair (2D-FP) coding scheme and a time pair (2D-TP) coding scheme.
  • the method further includes the step of generating an entropy coding scheme used for the entropy encoding. And, the generated entropy coding scheme is transferred.
  • ID entropy coding is performed on one pilot reference value becoming an entropy coding target, and ID entropy coding or 2D-FP entropy coding can be performed on the rest difference values.
  • the present invention relates to a case that one pilot reference value is generated for one group for example, ID entropy coding should be performed. Yet, in another embodiment of the present invention, if at least two pilot reference values are generated from one group, it may be possible to perform 2D entropy coding on consecutive pilot reference values.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram of entropy coding scheme for DIFF coding result according to the present invention.
  • each reference value within the corresponding data set becomes a parameter value within a first band 82b or 82c and ID entropy coding is performed on the reference value.
  • ID entropy coding or 2D-FP entropy coding can be performed on the rest difference values.
  • ID entropy coding should be performed on a parameter value within a last band 83b or 83c failing to configure a pair. Since two data sets configure a pair, 2D-TP entropy coding can be performed. In this case, 2D-TP entropy coding is sequentially performed on bands ranging from a next band excluding the first band 82b or 82c within the corresponding data set to a last band. [448] If the 2D-TP entropy coding is performed, a last band failing to configure a pair is not generated. [449] Once the entropy coding scheme per data is decided, a codeword is generated using a corresponding entropy table. [450] For instance, in case that both of the two data sets configuring the pair are DIFF-DT
  • ID entropy coding is performed on a parameter value within a first band 82d with a reference value within the corresponding data set (DIFF-DF).
  • ID entropy coding or 2D-FP entropy coding can be performed on the rest difference values.
  • ID entropy coding should be performed on a parameter value within a last band 83d failing to configure a pair.
  • ID entropy coding or 2D-FP entropy coding can be performed on all difference values within the corresponding data set (DIFF-DT).
  • a decoding part receives one codeword resulting from grouping the two indexes included in the bitstream and the extracts two index values using the applied entropy table.
  • a decoding part receives one codeword resulting from grouping the two indexes included in the bitstream and the extracts two index values using the applied entropy table.
  • a method of processing a signal according to one embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of obtaining difference information, entropy-decoding the difference information according to an entropy coding scheme including time grouping and frequency grouping, and data-decoding the difference information according to a data decoding scheme including a pilot difference, a time difference and a frequency difference. And, detailed relations between data coding and entropy coding are the same as explained in the foregoing description.
  • a method of processing a signal according to another embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of obtaining a digital signal, entropy-decoding the digital signal according to an entropy coding scheme, and data-decoding the entropy-decoded digital signal according to one of a plurality of data coding schemes including a pilot coding scheme at least.
  • the entropy coding scheme can be decided according to the data coding scheme.
  • An apparatus for processing a signal according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a signal obtaining part obtaining a digital signal, an entropy decoding part entropy-decoding the digital signal according to an entropy coding scheme, and a data decoding part data-decoding the entropy-decoded digital signal according to one of a plurality of data coding schemes including a pilot coding scheme at least.
  • an apparatus for processing a signal includes a data encoding part data-encoding a digital signal by a data coding scheme and an entropy encoding part entropy-encoding the data-encoded digital signal by an entropy coding scheme. And, the apparatus may further include an outputting part transferring the entropy-encoded digital signal.
  • a data type is an ICC parameter
  • a data coding scheme is DIF-DF
  • entropy coding is performed by 2D-FP
  • 2D-FP entropy table to which a table name hcod2D_ICC_DF_FP_LL is given is used for entropy coding.
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram to explain a method of selecting an entropy table according to the present invention.
  • the entropy tables may include entropy tables (e.g., tables 1 to 4) applicable in case that a data type is xxx, entropy tables (e.g., tables 5 to 8) applicable in case that a data type is yyy, PBC dedicated entropy tables (e.g., tables k to k+1), escape entropy tables (e.g., tables n-2 ⁇ n-1), and an LAV index entropy table (e.g., table n).
  • entropy tables e.g., tables 1 to 4
  • entropy tables e.g., tables 5 to 8
  • PBC dedicated entropy tables e.g., tables k to k+1
  • escape entropy tables e.g., tables n-2 ⁇ n-1
  • LAV index entropy table e.g., table n
  • a table is configured by giving a codeword to each index that can occur in corresponding data, if so, a size of the table considerably increases. And, it is inconvenient to manage indexes that are unnecessary or barely occur. In case of a 2D entropy table, those problems bring more inconvenience due to too many occurrences. To solve those problems, the largest absolute value (LAV) is used.
  • LAV largest absolute value
  • the present invention employs an LAV index to select an entropy table using LAV. Namely, LAV value per data type, as shown in (b) of FIG. 22, is discriminated by LAV index.
  • a data type is a CLD parameter
  • a data coding scheme is DIFF- DF
  • entropy coding is performed by 2D-FP
  • the present invention is characterized in using an entropy table for LAV index separately. This means that LAV index itself is handled as a target of entropy coding.
  • LAV Index value itself statistically differs in frequency of use.
  • a method of processing a signal includes the steps of obtaining index information, entropy-decoding the index information, and identifying a content corresponding to the entropy-decoded index information.
  • the index information is entropy- decoded using the index dedicated entropy table 9 Ie.
  • the entropy table is used in performing 2D entropy decoding on parameters.
  • An apparatus for processing a signal includes an information obtaining part obtaining index information, a decoding part entropy-decoding the index information, and an identifying part identifying a content corresponding to the entropy-decoded index information.
  • a method of processing a signal according to another embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of generating index information to identify a content, entropy-encoding the index information, and transferring the entropy-encoded index information.
  • a reference value corresponding to a plurality of data and the decoded difference value are used to obtain the data.
  • the reference value may include a pilot reference value or a difference reference value.
  • the index information is entropy-decoded using an index dedicated entropy table.
  • the entropy table is classified according to a type of each of a plurality of the data.
  • the data are parameters, and the method further includes the step of reconstructing an audio signal using the parameters.
  • the method further includes the steps of obtaining the reference value and entropy-decoding the reference value using the entropy table dedicated to the reference value.
  • An apparatus for processing a signal includes an inputting part obtaining a difference value and index information, an index decoding part entropy-decoding the index information, a table identifying part identifying an entropy table corresponding to the entropy-decoded index information, and a data decoding part entropy-decoding the difference value using the identified entropy table.
  • a method of processing a signal includes the steps of generating a difference value using a reference value corresponding to a plurality of data and the data, entropy-encoding the difference value using an entropy table, and generating index information to identify the entropy table.
  • the method further includes the steps of entropy-encoding the index information and transferring the entropy-encoded index information and the difference value.
  • an apparatus for processing a signal includes a value generating part generating a difference value using a reference value corresponding to a plurality of data and the data, a value encoding part entropy-encoding the difference value using an entropy table, an information generating part generating index information to identify the entropy table, and an index encoding part entropy-encoding the index information. And, the apparatus further includes an information outputting part transferring the entropy-encoded index information and the difference value.
  • the grouping information includes a first time grouping information
  • the configuration information within the header 100 is called main configuration information and an information portion recorded in the frame is called payload.
  • the first time grouping information 100a within the header 100 becomes bsFrameLength field that designates a number of timeslots within a frame.
  • the channel grouping information 100c means OttmodeLFE-bsOttBands field and bsTttDualmode-bsTttBandsLow field.
  • the OttmodeLFE-bsOttBands field is the information designating a number of parameter bands applied to LFE channel.
  • thebsTttDualmode-bsTttBandsLow field is the information designating a number of parameter bands of a low frequency band within a dual mode having both low and high frequency bands.
  • Ye, the bsTttDualmode-bsTttBandsLow field can be classified not as channel grouping information but as frequency grouping information.
  • Each of the frames 101 and 102 includes a frame information (Frame Info) 101a applied to all groups within a frame in common and a plurality of groups 101b and 101c.
  • Frame Info frame information
  • the frame information 101a includes a time selection information 103a, a second time grouping information 103b and a second frequency grouping information 103c. Besides, the frame information 101a is called sub-configuration information applied to each frame.
  • the time selection information 103a within the frame information 101a includes bsNumParamset field, bsParamslot field and bsDataMode filed.
  • the bsDataMode field is information designating an encoding and decoding processing method of each parameter set.
  • a decoding part maintains a decoding value of a previous parameter set.
  • a method of processing a signal using the bsDataMode field includes the steps of obtaining mode information, obtaining a pilot reference value corresponding to a plurality of data and a pilot difference value corresponding to the pilot reference value according to data attribute indicated by the mode information, and obtaining the data using the pilot reference value and the pilot difference value.
  • the data are parameters
  • the method further includes the step of reconstructing an audio signal using the parameters.
  • the mode information further includes at least one of a default mode, a previous mode and an interpolation mode.
  • the signal processing method uses a first parameter (e.g., dataset) to identify a number of the read modes and a second parameter (e.g., setidx) to obtain the pilot difference value based on the first variable.
  • a first parameter e.g., dataset
  • a second parameter e.g., setidx
  • An apparatus for processing a signal using the bsDataMode field includes an information obtaining part obtaining mode information, a value obtaining part obtaining a pilot reference value corresponding to a plurality of data and a pilot difference value corresponding to the pilot reference value according to data attribute indicated by the mode information, and a data obtaining part obtaining the data using the pilot reference value and the pilot difference value.
  • the information obtaining part, the value obtaining part and the data obtaining part are provided within the aforesaid data decoding part 91 or 92.
  • a method of processing a signal using the bsDataMode field includes the steps of generating mode information indicating attribute of data, generating a pilot difference value using a pilot reference value corresponding to a plurality of data and the data, and transferring the generated difference value. And, the method further includes the step of encoding the generated difference value.
  • An apparatus for processing a signal using the bsDataMode field includes an information generating part generating mode information indicating attribute of data, a value generating part generating a pilot difference value using a pilot reference value corresponding to a plurality of data and the data, and an outputting part transferring the generated difference value. And, the value generating part is provided within the aforesaid data encoding part 31 or 32.
  • the second time grouping information 103b within the frame information 101a includes bsDatapair field.
  • the second frequency grouping information within the frame information 101a includes bsFreqResStride field.
  • the bsFreqResStride field is the information to second-group the parameter bad first-grouped by the bsFreqRes field as the first frequency grouping information 100b. Namely, a data band is generated by binding parameters amounting to a stride designated by the bsFreqResStride field. So, parameter values are given per the data band.
  • Each of the groups 101b and 101c includes data coding type information 104a, entropy coding type information 104b, codeword 104c and side data 104d.
  • data coding type information 104a within each of the groups 101b and 101c includes bsPCMCoding field, bsPilotCoding field, bsDiffType field and bd-
  • the bsPCMCoding field is information to identify whether data coding of the corresponding group is PCM scheme or DIFF scheme.
  • the bsDifftype field is information to designate a coding direction in case that DIFF scheme is applied. And, the bsDiffType field designates either DF: DIFF-FREQ or DT:
  • the bsDiffTimeDirection field is information to designate whether a coding direction on a time axis is FORWARD or BACKWARD in case that the bsDiffType field is DT.
  • the entropy coding type information 104b within each of the groups 101b and 101c includes bsCodingScheme field and bsPairing field.
  • the bsCodingScheme field is the information to designate whether entropy coding is ID or 2D.
  • the bsPairing field is the information whether a direction for extracting two indexes is a frequency direction (FP: Frequency Pairing) or a time direction (TP: Time
  • the codeword 104c within each of the groups 101b and 101c includes bsCodeW field.
  • the bsCodeW field designates a codeword on a table applied for entropy coding. So, most of the aforesaid data become targets of entropy coding. In this case, they are transferred by the bsCodeW field. For instance, a pilot reference value and
  • the side data 104d within each of the groups 101b and 101c includes bsLsb field and bsSign field.
  • the side data 104d includes other data, which are entropy-coded not to be transferred by the bsCodeW field, as well as the bsLsb field and the bsSign field.
  • the bsLsb field is a field applied to the aforesaid partial parameter and is the side information transferred only if a data type is CPC and in case of non-coarse quantization.
  • the bsSign field is the information to designate a sign of an index extracted in case of applying ID entropy coding.
  • data transferred by PCM scheme are included in the side data 104d.
  • a signal processing data structure includes a payload part having at least one of data coding information including pilot coding information at least per a frame and entropy coding information and a header part having main configuration information for the payload part.
  • the main configuration information includes a first time information part having time information for entire frames and a first frequency information part having frequency information for the entire frames.
  • the main configuration information further includes a first internal grouping information part having information for internal-grouping a random group including a plurality of data per frame.
  • the sub-configuration information includes a second time information part having time information for entire groups. And, the sub-configuration information further includes an external grouping information part having information for external grouping for a random group including a plurality of data per the group. Moreover, the sub-configuration information further includes a second internal grouping information part having information for internal-grouping the random group including a plurality of the data.
  • the group includes the data coding information having information for a data coding scheme, the entropy coding information having information for an entropy coding scheme, a reference value corresponding to a plurality of data, and a second data part having a difference value generated using the reference value and the data.
  • an apparatus for audio compression and recovery includes an audio compression part 105-400 and an audio recovery part 500-800.
  • inputs of the channel downmixing part 110 are an audio signal of N multi-channels Xl, X2, , XN) and the audio signal.
  • the channel downmixing part 110 outputs a signal downmixed into channels of which number is smaller than that of channels of the inputs.
  • the core coding part 200 performs core coding on the output of the channel downmixing part 110, i.e., the downmixed audio signal.
  • the core coding is carried out in a manner of compressing an input using various transform schemes such as a discrete transform scheme and the like.
  • the spatial information generating part 120 extracts spatial information from the multi-channel audio signal.
  • the spatial information generating part 120 then transfers the extracted spatial information to the spatial information coding part 300.
  • the spatial information coding part 300 performs data coding and entropy coding on the inputted spatial information.
  • the spatial information coding part 300 performs at least one of PCM, PBC and DIFF. In some cases, the spatial information coding part 300 further performs entropy coding.
  • a decoding scheme by a spatial information decoding part 700 can be decided according to which data coding scheme is used by the spatial information coding part 300. And, the spatial information coding part 300 will be explained in detail with reference to FIG. 25 later.
  • the audio recovery part 500 to 800 includes a demultiplexing part 500, a core decoding part 600, a spatial information decoding part 700 and a multi-channel generating part 800.
  • the demultiplexing part 500 demultiplexes the received bitstream into an audio part and a spatial information part.
  • the audio part is a compressed audio signal
  • the spatial information part is a compressed spatial information.
  • the core decoding part 600 receives the compressed audio signal from the demultiplexing part 500.
  • the core decoding part 600 generates a downmixed audio signal by decoding the compressed audio signal.
  • the multi-channel generating part 800 receives an output of the core coding part
  • the multi-channel generating part 800 generates an audio signal of N multi-channels Yl, Y2, , YN from the two received outputs.
  • the audio compression part 105-400 provides an identifier indicating what data coding scheme is used by the spatial information coding part 300 to the audio recovery part 500-800.
  • the audio recovery part 500-800 includes a means for parsing the identification information.
  • the spatial information decoding part 700 decides a decoding scheme with reference to the identification information provided by the audio compression part 105-400.
  • the means for parsing the identification information indicating the coding scheme is provided to the spatial information decoding part 700.
  • FIG. 25 is a detailed block diagram of a spatial information encoding part according to one embodiment of the present invention, in which spatial information is named a spatial parameter.
  • a coding part includes a PCM coding part 310, a DIFF (differential coding) part 320 and a Huffman coding part 330.
  • the Huffman coding part 330 corresponds to one embodiment of performing the aforesaid entropy coding.
  • the PCM coding part 310 includes a grouped PCM coding part 311 and a PCB part
  • the grouped PCM coding part 311 PCM-codes spatial parameters.
  • the grouped PCM coding part 311 is able to PCM-codes spatial parameters by a group part.
  • the PBC part 312 performs the aforesaid PBC on spatial parameters.
  • the DIFF part 320 performs the aforesaid DIFF on spatial parameters.
  • PBC part 312 and the DIFF part 320 selectively operates for coding of spatial parameters. And, its control means is not separately shown in the drawing.
  • the DIFF part 320 includes a DIFF_FREQ coding part 321 performing
  • DIFF_FREQ on a spatial parameter
  • DIFF_TIME coding parts 322 and 323 performing DIFF_TIME on spatial parameters.
  • DIFF part 320 one selected from the group consisting of the DIFF_FREQ coding part 321 and the DIFF_TIME coding parts 322 and 323 carries out the processing for an inputted spatial parameter.
  • DIFF_TIME_FORWARD part 322 performing DIFF_TIME_FORWARD on a spatial parameter
  • a DIFF_TIME_BACKWARD part 323 performing DIFF_TIME_BACKWARD on a spatial parameter.
  • DIFF_TIME_FORWARD part 322 and the DIFF_TIME_BACKWARD 323 carries out a data coding process on an inputted spatial parameter.
  • the DIFF coding performed by each of the internal elements 321, 322 and 323 of the DIFF part 320 has been explained in detail in the foregoing description, of which explanation will be omitted in the following description.
  • the Huffman coding part 330 performs Huffman coding on at least one of an output of the PBC part 312 and an output of the DIF part 320.
  • the Huffman coding part 330 includes a 1 -dimension Huffman coding part
  • HUFF_1D part processing data to be coded and transmitted one by one and a 2-dimension Huffman coding part (hereinafter abbreviated HUFF_2D parts 332 and 333 processing data to be coded and transmitted by a unit of two combined data.
  • the HUFF_2D parts 332 and 333 are classified into a frequency pair
  • 2-Dimension Huffman coding part (hereinafter abbreviated HUFF_2D_FREQ_PAIR part) 332 performing Huffman coding on a data pair bound together based on a frequency and a time pair 2-Dimension Huffman coding part (hereinafter abbreviated HUFF_2D_TIME_PAIR part) 333 performing Huffman coding on a data pair bound together based on a time.
  • a selected one of the HUFF_2D_FREQ_PAIR part 332 and the HUFF_2D_TIME_PAIR part 333 performs a Huffman coding processing on an input.
  • Huffman coding part 330 will explained in detail in the following description.
  • an output of the Huffman coding part 330 is multiplexed with an output of the grouped PCM coding part 311 to be transferred.
  • a spatial information coding part In a spatial information coding part according to the present invention, various kinds of identification information generated from data coding and entropy coding are inserted into a transport bitstream. And, the transport bitstream is transferred to a spatial information decoding part shown in FIG. 26.
  • FIG. 26 is a detailed block diagram of a spatial information decoding part according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a spatial information decoding part receives a transport bitstream including spatial information and then generates the spatial information by decoding the received transport bitstream.
  • the spatial information decoding part is able to know what kind of coding scheme is used for a spatial parameter using an output of the identifier parsing part 710 and then decides a decoding scheme corresponding to the recognized coding scheme. Besides, the execution of the identifier parsing part 710 can be performed by the aforesaid demultiplexing part 500 as well.
  • the PCM decoding part 720 includes a grouped PCM decoding part 721 and a pilot based decoding part 722.
  • the grouped PCM decoding part 721 generates spatial parameters by performing
  • the grouped PCM decoding part 721 generates spatial parameters of a group part by decoding a transport bitstream.
  • the pilot based decoding part 722 generates spatial parameter values by performing pilot based decoding on an output of the Huffman decoding part 730. This corresponds to a case that a pilot value is included in an output of the Huffman decoding part 730.
  • the pilot based decoding part 722 is able to include a pilot extracting part (not shown in the drawing) to directly extract a pilot value from a transport bitstream. So, spatial parameter values are generated using the pilot value extracted by the pilot extracting part and difference values that are the outputs of the Huffman decoding part 730.
  • the Huffman decoding part 730 performs Huffman decoding on a transport bitstream.
  • the Huffman decoding part 730 includes a 1 -Dimension Huffman decoding part (hereinafter abbreviated HUFF_1D decoding part) 731 outputting a data value one by one by performing 1 -Dimension Huffman decoding on a transport bitstream and 2-Dimension Huffman decoding parts (hereinafter abbreviated HUFF_2D decoding parts) 732 and 733 outputting a pair of data values each by performing 2-Dimension Huffman decoding on a transport bitstream.
  • HUFF_1D decoding part a 1 -Dimension Huffman decoding part
  • 2-Dimension Huffman decoding parts hereinafter abbreviated HUFF_2D decoding parts
  • the identifier parsing part 710 extracts an identifier (e.g., bsCodingScheme) indicating whether a Huffman decoding scheme indicates HUFF_1D or HUFF_2D from a transport bitstream and then recognizes the used Huffman coding scheme by parsing the extracted identifier. So, either HUFF_1D or HUFF_2D decoding corresponding to each case is decided as a Huffman decoding scheme.
  • an identifier e.g., bsCodingScheme
  • the HUFF_1D decoding part 731 performs HUFF_1D decoding and each of the
  • HUFF_2D decoding parts 732 and 733 performs HUF_2D decoding.
  • the identifier parsing part 710 further extracts an identifier (e.g., bsParsing) indicating whether the HUFF_2D scheme is HUFF_2D_FREQ_PAIR or HUFF_2D_TIME_PAIR and then parses the extracted identifier. So, the identifier parsing part 710 is able to recognize whether two data configuring one pair are bound together based on frequency or time.
  • an identifier e.g., bsParsing
  • An output of the Huffman decoding part 730 is transferred to the pilot based decoding part 722 or the differential decoding part 740 based on an output of the identifier parsing part 710.
  • the identifier parsing part 710 extracts an identifier (e.g., bsDiffType) indicating whether a DIFF scheme is DIF_FREQ or DIF_TIME from a transport bit stream from a transport bitstream and then recognizes the used DIFF scheme by parsing the extracted identifier. So, one of the DIFF_FREQ decoding and DIFF_TIME decoding corresponding to the respective cases is decided as a differential decoding scheme.
  • an identifier e.g., bsDiffType
  • the DIFF_FREQ decoding part 741 performs DIFF_FREQ decoding and each of the DIFF_TIME decoding parts 742 and 743 performs DIF_TIME decoding.
  • the identifier parsing part 710 further extracts an identifier (e.g., bsDiffTimeDirection) indicating whether the DIFF_TIME is DIFF_TIME_FORWARD or DIFF_TIME_BACKWARD from a transport bitstream and then parses the extracted identifier.
  • an identifier e.g., bsDiffTimeDirection
  • the identifier parsing part 710 reads a first identifier (e.g., bsPCMCoding) indicating which one of PCM and DIFF is used in coding a spatial parameter.
  • a first identifier e.g., bsPCMCoding
  • the identifier parsing part 710 further reads a second identifier (e.g., bsPilotCoding) indicating which one of PCM and PBC is used for coding of a spatial parameter.
  • a second identifier e.g., bsPilotCoding
  • the spatial information decoding part performs decoding corresponding to the PBC.
  • the spatial information decoding part performs decoding corresponding to the PCM.
  • the spatial information decoding part performs a decoding processing that corresponds to the DIFF.
  • Real-time audio data may be used using a transport protocol such as real-time transport protocol (RTP) or a RTP control protocol (RTCP).
  • RTP/RTCP is an example of the protocol capable of reliably transferring multimedia or broadcasting contents over the Internet network in real time.
  • the RTP is executed under the UDP and performs multiple-transmission, but does not include a transport control function, a connection setting function and a band reservation function.
  • the RTP can transmit end-to-end real-time data such as an interactive video or audio through a unicast or multicast channel.
  • FIG. 30(b) shows an example of the UDP header.
  • the UDP is a communication protocol in which a transmitting side one-sidedly transmits data without signaling that a signal is transmitted or received when information is exchanged over the Internet. That is, the UDP is a protocol in which the transmitting side one-sidedly transmits data while the transmitting side does not contact a receiving side and is called a connectionless protocol.
  • the IP header includes a field "VER” indicating a version number of the IP header, a field “HLEN” indicating the length of the IP header , a field “Service type” indicating the input to an IP protocol device, for processing a message according to a defined rule, a field “Total length” indicating the length of a packet including a protocol header, a field “identification” used for fragmentation in order to identify fragments in recombining fragments, a field “Flags” indicating whether fragmentation of the datagram is possible or not, a field “Fragmentation offset” which is a pointer indicating data offset in an original datagram upon fragmentation, a field “Time to live” indicating how long the packet is maintained on the network, a field “Protocol” indicating whether a transport protocol for transmitting the packet is the TCP, the UDP or an ICMP, a field “Header checksum” used for checking integrity of the header such that the rest of the packet does not remain, a field "Source
  • FIG. 31 shows an example of transmitting a service in which a time slicing method is applied to the DVB-H system and a service which is transmitted through a common channel of the DVB-T system and the DVB-H system.
  • a program may be transmitted through the channel of each of the DVB-H system and the DVB-T system.
  • the services may be time-division multiplexed by the time slicing method and transmitted.
  • the audio signal is included in the IP datagram of the DVB-H system, converted into the MPE or the MPE-FEC, and transmitted with the MPEG-2 TS in which the MPE or the MPEG-FEC is embedded.
  • FIG. 32 shows an example of transmitting/receiving an identifier indicating a method of coding audio data when the audio data coded using the pilot reference value and the pilot difference value is transmitted through the channel of the DVB-T system or the DVB-H system.
  • AudioSpecificConfigO may parse the information which can identify a method of compressing the audio object (audioObject) which is the coded audio data included in the MPEG-4 stream. That is, the identification information of the audio coding according to the present invention may be included in the MPEG-4 broadcasting transmission stream and transmitted.
  • the type of the audio object (audioObject) has an identifier according to a method of coding the audio object.
  • the identifier of the audio object type is shown in FIG. 33.
  • FIGs. 35 and 36 show another example of transmitting/receiving an identifier which notifies a method of coding the audio data when the audio data coded using the pilot reference value and the pilot difference value is transmitted through the channel of the DVB-T system or the DVB-H system.
  • FIG. 35 shows syntax for obtaining payload information of the object core-coded based on AAC from configuration information of the audio object, that is, AudiospecificConfigO, and parsing an extension payload (extension_payload) of the payload.
  • extensionjype is EXT_SAC_DATA and the value of the EXT_SAC_DATA is 1100 from the extension payload (FIG.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computational Linguistics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil de traitement d'un signal. Elle concerne la solution du problème qui réside dans un procédé et un appareil de traitement d'un signal, ce qui permet de transmettre/recevoir un signal ayant une efficacité de transmission de signaux optimisée. Selon un aspect de l'invention, un procédé de traitement d'un signal consiste notamment à recevoir un signal de diffusion contenant des données audio codées en utilisant une valeur de référence pilote et une valeur de différence pilote, à démoduler le signal de diffusion en fonction d'un pilote dispersé qui varie au fil du temps et d'un pilote continu qui est fixe au fil du temps dans une trame du signal de diffusion reçu et à décoder le signal démodulé pour obtenir un flux de transmission en diffusion, à démultiplexer ce flux pour obtenir des données audio codées dans un paquet du protocole Internet (IP) et un identificateur qui identifie un procédé de décodage des données audio, à obtenir la valeur de référence pilote correspondant à plusieurs données et la valeur de différence pilote correspondant à la valeur de référence pilote à partir des données audio codées et à obtenir les données audio en utilisant la valeur de référence pilote et la valeur de différence pilote.
EP06799229A 2005-10-13 2006-10-13 Procede et appareil de traitement d'un signal Ceased EP1946307A4 (fr)

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US72565405P 2005-10-13 2005-10-13
US72622805P 2005-10-14 2005-10-14
US72971305P 2005-10-25 2005-10-25
US73039305P 2005-10-27 2005-10-27
US73039405P 2005-10-27 2005-10-27
US73776005P 2005-11-18 2005-11-18
US75291105P 2005-12-23 2005-12-23
US75340805P 2005-12-27 2005-12-27
US75823806P 2006-01-12 2006-01-12
US75823106P 2006-01-12 2006-01-12
KR20060004049 2006-01-13
KR20060004050 2006-01-13
KR20060030651 2006-04-04
KR1020060079836A KR20070108312A (ko) 2005-10-05 2006-08-23 오디오 신호의 인코딩/디코딩 방법 및 장치
KR1020060079838A KR20070108314A (ko) 2005-10-05 2006-08-23 오디오 신호의 인코딩/디코딩 방법 및 장치
KR1020060079837A KR20070108313A (ko) 2005-10-05 2006-08-23 오디오 신호의 인코딩/디코딩 방법 및 장치
PCT/KR2006/004151 WO2007043843A1 (fr) 2005-10-13 2006-10-13 Procede et appareil de traitement d'un signal

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EP1946307A4 (fr) 2010-01-06
WO2007043845A1 (fr) 2007-04-19

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