EP1943160A1 - Faserguss-verpackung mit innenbeutel und verfahren zum herstellen derselben - Google Patents
Faserguss-verpackung mit innenbeutel und verfahren zum herstellen derselbenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1943160A1 EP1943160A1 EP06791991A EP06791991A EP1943160A1 EP 1943160 A1 EP1943160 A1 EP 1943160A1 EP 06791991 A EP06791991 A EP 06791991A EP 06791991 A EP06791991 A EP 06791991A EP 1943160 A1 EP1943160 A1 EP 1943160A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- container
- weight
- acid
- pulp
- preferred
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005907 ketalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008297 liquid dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004995 magnesium peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001463 metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLQJVGSVJRBUNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylumbelliferone Natural products C1=C(O)C=C2OC(=O)C(C)=CC2=C1 ZLQJVGSVJRBUNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021239 milk protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001005 nitro dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013384 organic framework Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012261 overproduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010087558 pectate lyase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108020004410 pectinesterase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- UDILIGPFQMPPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-K pentapotassium;phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O UDILIGPFQMPPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PNSWKXISZRTMSD-UHFFFAOYSA-K pentasodium;phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O PNSWKXISZRTMSD-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
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- XCRBXWCUXJNEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XCRBXWCUXJNEFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- PATMLLNMTPIUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxysulfonyl 7-methyloctanoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCC(=O)OS(=O)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 PATMLLNMTPIUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCDYQQDYXPDABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phloroglucinol Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 QCDYQQDYXPDABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001553 phloroglucinol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003021 phthalic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021118 plant-derived protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003009 polyurethane dispersion Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003109 potassium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium metaphosphate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]P(=O)=O OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019828 potassium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-oxo-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)chromen-4-olate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000017854 proteolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229940079877 pyrogallol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009103 reabsorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005373 siloxane group Chemical group [SiH2](O*)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010572 single replacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000031 sodium sesquicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000018341 sodium sesquicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- RPACBEVZENYWOL-XFULWGLBSA-M sodium;(2r)-2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)hexyl]oxirane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1OCCCCCC[C@]1(C(=O)[O-])CO1 RPACBEVZENYWOL-XFULWGLBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MDGXUEVTGARGDK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[O-]OB=O MDGXUEVTGARGDK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007909 solid dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000185 sucrose group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950009390 symclosene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007885 tablet disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010784 textile waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010031354 thermitase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOIYMIARKYCTBW-OWOJBTEDSA-N trans-urocanic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C1=CNC=N1 LOIYMIARKYCTBW-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOIYMIARKYCTBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-urocanic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CNC=N1 LOIYMIARKYCTBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UZNHKBFIBYXPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[3-(2-methylprop-2-enoylamino)propyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC(=C)C(=O)NCCC[N+](C)(C)C UZNHKBFIBYXPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydrogen carbonate;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OC([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ORHBXUUXSCNDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N umbelliferone Chemical compound C1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 ORHBXUUXSCNDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFTAFOQKODTIJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N umbelliferone Natural products Cc1cc2C=CC(=O)Oc2cc1OCC=CC(C)(C)O HFTAFOQKODTIJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004417 unsaturated alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002348 vinylic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003176 water-insoluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010068608 xanthan lyase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010083879 xyloglucan endo(1-4)-beta-D-glucanase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SRWMQSFFRFWREA-UHFFFAOYSA-M zinc formate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C=O SRWMQSFFRFWREA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MXODCLTZTIFYDV-JHZYRPMRSA-L zinc;(1r,4ar,4br,10ar)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C([O-])=O.C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C([O-])=O MXODCLTZTIFYDV-JHZYRPMRSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DODDNMJLVBGXAU-UHFFFAOYSA-J zinc;manganese(2+);disulfate Chemical class [Mn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DODDNMJLVBGXAU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- ZPEJZWGMHAKWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;oxalate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZPEJZWGMHAKWNL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D77/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks or bags
- B65D77/04—Articles or materials enclosed in two or more containers disposed one within another
- B65D77/06—Liquids or semi-liquids or other materials or articles enclosed in flexible containers disposed within rigid containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
- B65D65/466—Bio- or photodegradable packaging materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/80—Packaging reuse or recycling, e.g. of multilayer packaging
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a packaging for flowable media and a method for producing such a package
- washing, remover care, pre- or post-treatment, as well as food and cosmetics are now available to the consumer in a variety of forms.
- solid agents such as powders, granules, dragees and tablets in particular flowable and especially gelformige and liquid means enjoy a wide acceptance of the consumer
- Solid media are offered either in portioned, individually packaged units or in large containers, from which the consumer can remove the required quantity.
- Such containers are often made of plastic or cardboard and are partially coated against the action of moisture
- plastic containers for packaging flowable media The most important disadvantage of plastic containers for packaging flowable media is the cost of the manufacturing process, which mainly results from the fact that special molding tools must be used for the molding of the plastic compositions and the Be fiscalermate ⁇ al must be softened prior to molding, which only by the supply of energy can be achieved
- the object of the present invention was to solve the aforementioned problems of known packaging for flowable and especially liquid and gelformige media A special interest was then to produce environmentally friendly packaging whose components can be reused without much effort
- This object has been achieved by providing a package for flowable media, which consists of a pulp container containing one or more foil pouches
- the present application is a packaging for flowable media comprising a pulp container and a partially or completely enclosed by this pulp container foil bag
- flowable liquids are gel-form, liquid and particulate media such as powders and granules.
- the container according to the invention is preferably used for liquids and gels, in particular for liquids
- a fiber-containing container in the sense of the application is a container which is produced by shaping and drying a suspension of fibers.
- the usual packaging of eggs, the so-called egg-box, is the most well-known example of a fiber-containing container
- Fibers whose main source is the wood are preferably used as fibers for the fiber-casting container.
- chemical pulp-treated pulp can be used
- Waste paper within the meaning of this application is paper and cardboard, which has already been used, that is, for example, which was already used as a newspaper, magazine, book, brochure, carton or other form and was returned by the consumer for recycling
- This waste paper is therefore not only from cellulose-containing fibers, but also contains fillers to improve smoothness, printability and Opazitat, dyes and pigments from the coloring of the pulp and printer blacks and inks, binders for sizing the paper, optical brightener to increase the whiteness and retention in each varying proportions
- waste paper from the production or processing understood recycled material that has not yet been used by the consumer, but was not delivered to the consumer due to overproduction, Fab ⁇ kationschipn or the like
- waste paper conserves resources (pulp) and leads to it in addition to a reduced load of air and wastewater in the production container according to the invention
- the fiber-pouring container preferably contains at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, more preferably at least 70% by weight, more preferably at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight and in particular more than 2% by weight At least 95% by weight of cellulose-containing fibers
- the fiber-casting container it is particularly preferred here for the fiber-casting container to be at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 60% by weight, particularly preferably at least 70% by weight, more preferred at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight, and in particular at least 95% by weight, of recovered paper
- the pulp container can contain non-fibrous feedstocks, so-called auxiliaries.
- auxiliaries The most important aids pay fillers such as kaolin, chalk or titanium dioxide, dyes and pigments for coloring the pulp mass or for surface coloring, binders such as starch, casein and other proteins , Plastic dispersions, resin glues to solidify the Fasergefuges, binding of fillers and pigments and increase the water resistance, optical brighteners to increase the whiteness, retention agents such as aluminum sulfate or synthetic cationic substances for retaining the fines and fillers during the production of Pulp container, so-called de-inking chemicals for the treatment of waste paper and various other substances, such as wetting agents, defoamers, preservatives, slimicides, plasticizers, antiblocking agents, antistatic agents, flame retardants and / or water repellents
- the packaging comprises at least one Fohenberg
- this film bag is water-insoluble and preferably consists of water-insoluble polymers and / or polymer blends
- polymers encompasses polymers, polyadducts and polycondensates
- preferred polymers are polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-1-butene, poly-4-methyl-1-pentene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyacrylonitrile and / or polystyrene
- Polyadducts are formed by polyaddition, ie polyreactions in which polymers are formed by repeated and independent linking reactions of bis- or polyfunctional reactants (monomers) via reactive oligomers.
- Preferred polyadducts are polyurethanes
- polycondensates are formed by repeated and independent linking reactions of discrete oligomers and monomers, although, in contrast to polyaddition, cleavage of low molecular weight compounds takes place at the same time.
- Preferred polycondensates in the context of the present invention are polyamides, polycarbonates and polyesters
- Plastics can also be processed using extrusion or injection molding techniques, as well as by their drawing process.
- drawing thermoforming
- a preheated plastic sheet or foil is inserted between the two parts of the tool. the positive and the negative, introduced and then printed together, whereby the plastic part preserves its shape
- cold deformation here is the plate or film to be deformed but not preheated If no negative tool is present, it is called deep drawing
- a preferred Fohen fie depending on the material used a wall thickness between 5 microns and 2000 microns, preferably between 10 .mu.m and 1000 .mu.m and in particular between 50 .mu.m and 500 .mu.m
- the film pouch or pouches may further be preferred to print the film pouch or pouches If the foil bag or bags are enclosed by the fiber-containing container at least 75% by volume, then it is preferred that the foil bag (s) is / are not printed
- the foil bag (s) are transparent or translucent and allow the consumer to recognize the individual media through the bag wall.
- transparency is understood to mean that the transmission within the visible spectrum of the light (410 to 800 nm) is greater than 20%, preferably greater than 30%, more preferably greater than 40% and in particular greater than 50%.
- a wavelength of the visible spectrum of the light has a transmittance greater than 20%, it is to be regarded as transparent depending on the invention according to the degree of wrapping of the Fohenstein or by the pulp container, it is less important to use a transparent or tranlucentes foil bag Mate ⁇ al Especially in the case in which the Fohen milk or to at least 75% by volume, based on the sum of Fohen milk , are enveloped by the pulp container, it is preferably a Fohenlessness mat erial use, which has a light transmittance less than 20% as defined above
- the fiber-casting container has one, two or more viewing windows, which can optionally be closed with a transparent film, and the film bag (s) are translucent or transparent according to the above definition.
- This embodiment is particularly advantageous, since it works in this way it is possible, even with almost or complete enclosure of the or Fohennitrogar by the pulp container to detect the level of the media or through the one or more windows
- the foil pouch is not permeable to the hydrophobic medium contained in the Fohenicillin (or the solvents contained therein), but water-soluble or water-dispersible
- the Fohennitrogen here, for example, at sufficiently highêtsstabihtat the Faserguss-Behalters can be slidesgelost from the container and so a simple separation of the packaging in reusable waste paper and Fohenstein- Mate ⁇ alien done
- it is when using a Low-moisture fiber casting container enables the entire emptied packaging, ie the fiber-casting container and the foil bag (s), to be dissolved or dispersed in water and the fibers from the fiber-casting container to be removed from the aqueous solution Separation of reuse is particularly preferred when using cellulosic Fohen milk, since in this case the sum of the cellulose fibers from cellulose fiber-containing pulp container and cellulose-containing Fo
- Suitable materials for water-soluble or water-dispersible Fohenberg are known in the art and come, for example, the group (acetahsierter) polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, gelatin and mixtures thereof
- Particularly preferred packages are characterized in that the water-soluble or water-dispersible Fohen sermon one or more ementlösl ⁇ che (s) polymer (s), preferably a material from the group (optionally acetahsierter) polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL), polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, gelatin, cellulose, and their Includes derivatives and mixtures thereof
- Polyvinyl alcohols (abbreviated PVAL, occasionally PVOH) is the name for polymers of the general structure
- polyvinyl alcohols which are available as white-yellowish powders or granules with degrees of polymerization in the range of about 100 to 2500 (molar masses of about 4000 to 100 000 g / mol), have degrees of hydrolysis of 98-99 or 87-89 mol% Thus, still a residual content of acetyl groups
- the polyvinyl alcohols are characterized by the manufacturer by indicating the degree of polymerization of the starting polymer, the degree of hydrolysis, the Versei- number or the solution viscosity
- polyvinyl alcohols are soluble in water and a few strongly polar organic solvents (formamide, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide); they are not attacked by (chlorinated) hydrocarbons, esters, fats and oils.
- Polyvinyl alcohols are classified as toxicologically harmless and are at least partially biodegradable Waterlessness can be achieved by aftertreatment with aldehydes (acetahation), by complexing with Ni or Cu salts or by treatment with dichromates, boric acid or borax.
- the coatings of polyvinyl alcohol are largely impermeable to gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, helium, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, but allow water vapor to pass through
- the water-soluble or water-dispersible Fohen fie comprises a polyvinyl alcohol whose degree of hydrolysis 70 to 100 mol%, preferably 80 to 90 mol%, particularly preferably 81 to 89 mol% and in particular 82 to 88 mol%
- Polyvinyl alcohols of a specific molecular weight range are preferably used as materials for the containers, and it is preferred in accordance with the invention for the water-soluble or water-dispersible film bag to comprise a polyvinyl alcohol whose molecular weight is in the range from 10,000 to 100,000 ⁇ mol.sup.- 1 , preferably from 11,000 to 90.degree 000 gmol "1 , more preferably from 12 000 to 80 000 gmol '1 and in particular from 13 000 to 70 000 gmol " 1 hegt
- the degree of polymerization of such preferred polyvinyl alcohols is between about 200 to about 2100, preferably between about 220 to about 1890, more preferably between about 240 to about 1680, and most preferably between about 260 to about 1500
- polyvinyl alcohols described above are commercially widely translated, for example, under the trademark Mowiol ® (Clanant) are particularly suitable in the context of the present invention, polyvinyl alcohols are for example, Mowiol ® 3-83, Mowiol ® 4-88, Mowiol ® 5-88 and Mowiol ® 8- 88
- suitable polyvinyl alcohols are ELVANOL ® 51-05, 52-22, 50-42, 85-82, 75-15, T-25, T-66, 90-50 (trademark of Du Pont), ALCOTEX ® 72 5, 78, B72, F80 / 40, F88 / 4, F88 / 26, F88 / 40, F88 / 47 (trademark of Harlow Chemical Co), Gohsenol ® NK 05, A-300, AH-22, C-500, GH-20, GL -03, GM-14L, KA-20, KA-500, KH-20, KP-06, N-300, NH-26, NM11Q, KZ-06 (Trademark of Nippon Gohsei KK)
- the water solubility of PVAL can be modified by aftertreatment with aldehydes (acetahation) or ketones (ketalization).
- aldehydes acetahation
- ketones ketones
- Particularly preferred and especially advantageous due to their pronounced cold water solubility have been polyvinyl alcohols which acetalise with the aldehyde or keto groups of saccharides or polysaccharides or mixtures thereof
- the reaction products of PVAL and starch are extremely advantageous
- PVAL Fohen are under the name "SOLUBLON® ®” from Syntana trading company E Harke GmbH & Co available PVAL films Their solubility in water, let be set to a precise degree and films of this product series obtainable, at all are soluble in wass ⁇ ger phase for the application of relevant temperature ranges
- PVP Polyvinylpyrrolidones
- PVPs are prepared by radical polymerization of 1-vinylpyrrolidone.
- Commercially available PVPs have molecular weights in the range from about 2,500 to 750,000 g / mol and are available as white, hygroscopic powders or as aqueous solutions
- Polyethylene oxides, PEOX for short, are polyalkylene glycols of the general formula
- Gelatin is a polypeptide (molecular weight about 15 000 to> 250 000 g / mol), which is obtained primarily by hydrolysis of the collagen contained in the skin and bones of animals under acidic or alkaline conditions.
- the amino acid composition of gelatin corresponds largely to that of collagen,
- the use of gelatin as a water-soluble hull material is extremely widespread, especially in pharmacy in the form of hard or soft gel capsules. In the form of films, gelatin is used because of its compared to the polymers mentioned above high price only minor use
- packagings according to the invention whose foil pouch consists of at least partially water-soluble foil of at least one polymer from the group starch and starch derivatives, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, in particular methyl cellulose and mixtures thereof
- Strong is a homoglycan, wherein the glucose units are ⁇ -glykos ⁇ d ⁇ sch linked strength is composed of two components of different molecular weight from about 20 to 30% straight-chain amylose (molecular weight about 50 000 to 150 000) and 70 to 80% branched-chain amylo pectin (molecular weight approx. 300,000 to 2,000,000) In addition, small quantities of lipids, phosphoric acid and cations are contained.
- amylose forms long, helical, entangled chains with about 300 to 1,200 glucose molecules as a result of binding in the 1,4-position
- Such strong chemically modified starches include, for example, products from esterification or Vereth
- strong, in which the hydroxy groups have been replaced by functional groups that are not bound by an oxygen atom can be used as a strong derivatives into the group of strong derivatives, for example Alkah-strong, carboxymethyl starch (CMS), starch esters and ethers as well as aminostarks
- Pure cellulose has the formal gross composition (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) , and formally represents a ⁇ -1,4-polyacetal of cellobiose, which in turn is composed of two molecules of glucose.
- Suitable celluloses consist of about 500 to 5 000 glucose units and therefore have average molecular weights of 50,000 to 500,000 Suitable in the context of the present invention are also cellulose derivatives which are obtainable by polymer-analogous reactions from cellulose.
- Such chemically modified celluloses comprise, for example, products from esterifications or Etherifications in which hydroxy hydrogen atoms have been substituted, but also celluloses in which the hydroxy groups have been substituted by functional groups.
- Cellulose derivatives can be added to the group of cellulose derivatives, for example alkali metal celluloses, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), cellulose esters and ethers, and aminocelluloses.
- CMC carboxymethylcellulose
- cellulose esters and ethers and aminocelluloses.
- aminocelluloses for example alkali metal celluloses, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), cellulose esters and ethers, and aminocelluloses.
- CMC carboxymethylcellulose
- cellulose esters and ethers cellulose esters and ethers
- aminocelluloses aminocelluloses.
- cellulose (- de ⁇ vaten) as a film bag component is particularly preferred
- the fiber-pouring container may contain a plurality of different, possibly also mutually incompatible, flowable media / compositions.
- the fiber-pouring container encloses several Fohen milk and / or that the or the enclosed Fohen milk has / has several chambers
- the pulp container encloses 2, 3, 4 or 5 Fohen milk partially or completely
- the foil bag (s) has n chambers and is / are filled with n, n-1 or n-2 different media, preferably liquids, where n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5
- Fohentama is understood in the sense of the application both an embodiment in which only one, two or three corners and / or edges of the or Fohennitro are not enclosed by the fiber container, or even eOme example Embodiment in which the film pouch or pouches are from 10 to 95% by volume, up to 90% by volume, up to 85% by volume, up to 80% by volume, up to 75% by volume, up to 70% by volume %, up to 65 VoI%, up to 60 VoI%, up to 55 VoI%, up to 50 VoI%, up to 45 VoI%, up to 40 VoI%, or even only from 10 to to 20% by volume, based on the volume of the sum of the foil bags contained, is / are enclosed by the fiber-containing container.
- one or more foil bags lie in the fiber-containing container as if in a basket and look at least 1 / 6, preferably at least 1/5, more preferably at least Vi, more preferably at least 1/3, with Vorz ug to at least V, to preferably at least 2/3, preferably at least 3 A from the pulp container addition
- the fiber-pouring container almost completely surrounds the foil bag (s) and only a partial surface, eg a corner of the foil bag (s) is visible from the outside.
- This partial surface or corner can be cut by the consumer with a knife or a pair of scissors or also tearing in order to release the filling, preferably by pouring out.
- the foil bag (s) it is also preferable for the foil bag (s) to be completely enclosed by the fiber-containing container and the consumer by cutting or incising or cutting or cracking of a part or corner or edge of the fiber casting -Keeper also the Fohenberg Suitable cuts are preferably optically marked on the container material.
- the pouch is provided with a removal device, such as e.g.
- the removal device is reusable, ie it can be removed again and otherwise used again
- the open with the sampling device as it is known from bunghole beer kegs
- the tap - which corresponds to the sampling device - introduced into a bunghole of the beer keg, the tap for a secure and sealing stop in the bunghole a cuff made of an elastic material such as rubber
- the DosierverInstitute can be reclosed by a folding, snap, adhesive, locking or screw-closure, wherein the or the DosierverInstitute can preferably be opened and closed by a screwing
- the Dosierhahne are preferably designed such that the flowable media can be removed by Eigenchristen, down or high pressure of a valve or by the flipping of a wedge, cylinder or prism, in particular a cuboid, or a hemisphere
- the at least one metering closure or metering cock is releasably connected to the film bag (s). In this way it is possible, for example, to reuse the metering cap or metering cock after emptying the film bag and to reuse it separate disposal of the dosing valve or dosing valve possible If the pulp container is used for packaging a plurality of different flowable media, it may be preferred that a plurality of differently filled foil bags and / or several differently filled chambers of a foil bag are received in a metering closure or metering cock
- Another advantage of this embodiment is the possibility of two or more media that undergo a chemical reaction upon contact and form an active, especially short-lived reagent to mix directly before the task on a surface and thus provide the maximum amount of active reagent
- the mouthing of a plurality of receiving chambers of a Fohen milk and / or several Fohen milk in a metering or dosing is also advantageous in the case in which all chambers or Folienbehalter the same filling, the same medium, include In this way, a uniform removal of uniform filling and the consumer succeeds is not complained to open another after emptying a chamber or Fohen clipss
- the packagings according to the invention preferably contain detergents, cleaning agents, care products such as furniture toppings or washing powders or softeners, disinfectants, pre-treatment or aftertreatment agents for the cleaning of solid surfaces or textiles, foodstuffs or cosmetics.
- the packaging according to the invention is preferably used as a storage, transport and / or Accordingly, an object of the present application is the use of the inventive packaging as a storage, transport and / or dosing unit for liquid washing, cleaning or care care products
- the film bags partially or completely enclosed by the fiber-containing container preferably each independently, independently of one another, have a volume of from 0.5 mL to 10 L, preferably from 5 mL to 5 L, more preferably from 50 mL to 2.5 L, more preferably from 100 mL to 2 L and / or the foil pouches in total have a volume of from 1 mL to 10 L, preferably from 5 mL to 8 L, particularly preferably from 50 mL to 6 L and in particular from 100 mL to 5 L
- the sponge container encloses a plurality of foil pouches, all pouches have the same size, or even that the foil pouches are low in volume (up to 20% by volume) or significantly (above 20%). %) differ from each other
- the inventive packaging has no handle
- a corresponding embodiment is characterized by the good stackability, low production costs and high mechanical stability of the pulp container
- the fiber-pouring container comprises a handle, which consists of spun material and is preferably integrated in the spout container, or which is made by gluing or riveting a handle made of a different material to the container body made of spilled material. Matenal is formed
- the nachtraglich mounted handle is preferably made of cardboard or plastic
- the foil pouch (s) enclosed by the pulp container is / are preferably connected at one or more locations to the pulp container inner wall, preferably by means of adhesive, latching, snap-in, plug-in, clamp or rivet connections
- the film pouch or pouches at least 10, preferably at most 8, preferably at most 6, more preferably at most 5, more preferably at most 4, with preference at most 3, most preferably at most 2 and in particular only at one point
- the area of the connection between the pulp container and Fol ⁇ en milk (s) is preferably between 1 and 90 area%, preferably less than 75 area%, more preferably less than 50 areas % and in particular less than 25% by area of the inner surface of the pulp container absolute, the bonded surface is preferably at most 200 cm 3 and at least 0.25 cm 3 , preferably at most 100 cm 3 , particularly preferably at most 50 cm 3 , very particularly preferably a maximum of 25 cm 3 , with a maximum of 12 cm 3 , preferably a maximum of 6 cm 3 , most preferably a maximum of 3 cm 3 and in particular between 0.5 and 1.5 cm 3
- adhesives glues, pastes, solvents, dispersions, plastisizers and melt adhesives
- chemically setting adhesives eg cyanoacryl
- the chemically setting, one- or multi-component reaction adhesives can be based on all polyreactions
- Two-component systems of epoxy resins and acid anhydrides or polyamines react after polyaddition, cyanoacrylates or methacrylates by polymerization and systems based on aminoplast or phenol based on polycondensation mechanisms
- Suitable adhesives for forming adhesive bonds between the film bag (s) and the fiber casting container preferably include styrene-butadiene copolymers, polyamides, polyesters, polyvinyl chlorides, rubbers, polyurethane, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride copolymers, isoprene rubber, Polyvinyl acetate, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, Polyvinylpyrroli- done, polyacrylates, polychloroprene, glutin, starch, Cext ⁇ n, casein, cellulose ethers, epoxy resins + Saureanhyd ⁇ de, epoxy resins + polyamines, polyisocyanates + polyols, cyanoacrylates, methacrylates, unsaturated polyester + styrene, unsaturated polyester + Methacrylates, silicones + resins + moisture, phenolic resins + polyvinylformale or Acryln ⁇ tr ⁇ l-1, 3-Butad ⁇
- the film bag (s) enclosed by the fiber-casting container is releasably connected at one or more points to the inner wall of the fiber-casting container, in particular by means of adhesive, latching, snap-in, plug-in or clamp connections
- Either individual foil bags can be used be interchangeable, or it can be with a single replacement process a plurality of foil bags, eg a composite of two or more foil bags, interchangeable
- the replacement of the foil bag can be possible either together with the dosing or dosing, or without the latter, if the connection between Fol ⁇ en milk (s) and Dosierver gleich or dosing is losbar
- the packaging according to the invention is designed so that the foil bag or bags enclosed by the fiber-casting container are either not connected or detachably connected to the inner wall of the cast-container and one or more foil bags are non-destructive It may furthermore be preferred if the film bag or bags in a common Dosierver gleich or Dosierhahn or several separate Dosierver gleichen or Dosierhahnen munden, which (r) together with the one or the mouth a plurality of Fol ⁇ en zucchini (s) can be removed from the pulp container and used in the pulp container
- the fiber-containing container Depending on the shape of the fiber-pouring container and the foil bag (s), in particular the extent to which the fiber-containing container encloses the foil bag (s), it may be necessary for non-destructive removal and insertion of the foil bag that the fiber-casting bag be This container may be required in particular when the fiber-containing container largely or almost completely encloses the foil pouch or pouches for the removal and / or insertion of one or more Fol ⁇ en zucchini (s)
- a further subject matter of the present application is a method for producing a packaging according to the invention, wherein a fiber casting compound is produced, poured into a molding tool, dried and solidified into a pulp container, at least one film bag, preferably provided with a metering closure or metering valve, is provided, the foil pouch or pouches are introduced into the opened pulp container and are preferably connected to the container by means of adhesive, latching, snap-in, plug-in, clamping or riveting connections at at least one point, wherein an optionally present connection is preferably releasable , the fiber casting container is optionally closed Within this method, a filling of the Fol ⁇ en milk (s) (s) are made at different times
- the film bag (s) are filled and sealed prior to insertion into the pulp container
- the pulp container is preferably closed only after the foil pouch or pouch has been filled
- the foil pouch (s) is / are preferably filled by the dosing closure / dosing closure or dosing / dosing taps Closing the cast fiber container
- the pulp material is preferably pressed after introduction into the mold and running off of a large part of the liquid components. This results in a denser arrangement of the individual fibers and thus a higher mechanical stability possible to produce pulp containers with sharper shapes, ie sharp corners and edges and evenly thick surfaces
- the pulp container can have any conceivable shape, for example cylindrical or p ⁇ maformig, in particular the shape of a cuboid, especially a Wurfeis or in the form of a cone or truncated pyramid resemble or correspond It is preferred that the pulp container the shape has a cuboid and so for example in the washing, cleaning or care agent is similar to the shape of a Waschpulverkartons
- the pulp container preferably has the form of a conventional plastic container for liquid media, so that the consumer does not recognize at first glance that the packaging is a pulp container.
- a container has an integrated handle, a round handle It is also conceivable that such a container does not bend upwards and thus has the basic shape of a cuboid in which a handle is integrated
- the inventive packaging it is further preferred to immerse one or more filled foil pouches in a pulp mass and thus the one or more filled foil pouches as a positive mold instead of a negative mold Afterwards the pulp mass is dried and solidified The degree to which the foil pouch or pouches have been immersed in the fiber mass (mass) determines to what extent or enclosing the foil pouches from the cured pulp mass which then forms the pulp container
- a further subject matter of the present application is a method for producing a packaging according to the invention, which comprises providing at least one foil pouch which is preferably filled with a dosing closure or dosing cock and which or which foil pouches are filled and sealed, the foil pouch or pouches is brought into contact with a pulp mass that the foil pouch (s) is partially or completely covered with the pulp mass, and the pulp mass is dried and solidified into a pulp container
- liquid is flowable at room temperature in the context of the present invention, which can flow out of containers under the effect of gravity.
- media which have a Viscosity (Brookfield viscometer LVT-II at 20 U / min and 2O 0 C, spindle 3) of 500 to 50,000 mPas, preferably from 1000 to 10,000 mPas, more preferably from 1200 to 5000 mPas and in particular from 1300 to 3000 mPas exhibit
- the flowable media may contain viscosity regulators or thickeners for adjusting a possibly desired higher viscosity. All known thickeners can be used here, especially those based on natural or synthetic polymers
- Natural-derived polymers used as thickening agents include agar-agar, carrageenan, tragacanth, gum arabic, algmates, pectins, polyoses, guar flour, locust bean gum, starch, dextrins, gelatin and casein
- Modified natural products are mainly derived from the group of modified starches and celluloses, examples which may be mentioned here include carboxymethylcellulose and other cellulose ethers, hydroxyethyl and propylcellulose, and nuclear flour ethers
- carboxymethylcellulose and other cellulose ethers examples which may be mentioned here include carboxymethylcellulose and other cellulose ethers, hydroxyethyl and propylcellulose, and nuclear flour ethers
- a large group of thickeners, which find wide use in a variety of applications, are the fully synthetic polymers such as polyacrylic and polymethacrylic compounds, vinyl polymers, polycarboxylic acids, polyethers, polyimines, polyamides and polyurethanes
- Thickeners from said substance classes are widely available commercially and are sold for example under the trade name Acusol ® -820 (methacrylic acid (stearyl alcohol 20 EO) ester-acrylic acid copolymer, 30% ⁇ g in water, Rohm & Haas), Dapral ®-GT-282-S (alkyl polyglycol ethers, Akzo), DEUTEROL ® polymer-11 (dicarboxylic acid copolymer saver GmbH), deuteron ® -xg (anionic Heteropolysaccha ⁇ d based on ß-D-glucose, D-mannose, D- glucuronic acid, schooner GmbH), deuteron ® -XN (nonionic polysaccharide saver GmbH), D ⁇ crylan ® -Verd ⁇ cker-0 (adduct of ethylene oxide, 50% ⁇ g in water / isopropanol, Pfersse Chemie), EMA ® -81 and
- a preferred polymeric thickening agent is xanthan gum, a microbial anionic heteropolysaccharide produced by Xanthomonas campestns and some other species under aerobic conditions and having a molecular weight of 2 to 15 million daltons.
- Xanthan gum is selected from a ⁇ -1, 4- bound glucose (cellulose) formed with side chains The structure of the subgroups consists of glucose, mannose, glucuronic acid, acetate and pyruvate, the number of pyruvate units determining the viscosity of the xanthan gum
- thickeners are polyurethanes or modified polyacrylates, which, based on the total agent, for example, in amounts of 0.1 to 5 wt -% can be used
- PUR Polyurethanes
- R 1 is a low molecular weight or polymeric diol radical
- R 2 is an aliphatic or aromatic group
- n is a natural number
- R 1 is preferably a linear or branched C 2 -i 2 -alkoxy group but also a residue of a high quality alcohol, are formed by crosslinked polyurethanes, which differ from the specified formula in that the rest of R 1 further -O-CO-NH groups are bonded
- thickener based on polyurethane, for example, under the names mchtionogene Ac- rysol ® PM 12 V (mixture of 3-5% modified starch and 14-16% polyurethane resin in water, Rohm & Haas), Borchigel ® L75-N (PUR dispersion, 50% in water ⁇ g, Borchers), CoA-tex ® BR-100-P (PUR D ⁇ spers ⁇ on, 50% ⁇ g in water / butyl glycol, Dimed), Nopco DSX-1514 ® (polyurethane dispersion, 40% in ⁇ g Water / Butylt ⁇ gylcol, Henkel-Nopco), thickener QR 1001 (20% ⁇ ge PUR emulsion in water / diglyme, Rohm & Haas) and Rilanit ® VPW-3116 (PUR D ⁇ spers ⁇ on, 43% in water, Henkel) available
- Modified polyacrylates are derived for example from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and can be described by the following general formula
- R 3 for H or a branched or unbranched Ci.
- 4- alk (en) yl radical X is NR 5 or O
- R 4 is an optionally alkoxylated branched or unbranched, optionally substituted C 8-22 -alk (en) yl radical
- R 5 is H or R 4
- n is a natural radical
- modified polyacrylates are esters or amides of acrylic acid or of an ⁇ -substituted acrylic acid. Preferred among these polymers are those in which R 3 is H or a methyl group.
- Modified polyacrylates which are preferably used as thickeners are polyacrylate-poly-methacrylate copolymers which satisfy the following formula
- R 4 is a preferably unbranched, saturated or unsaturated C 8-22 alk (en) yl radical
- R 6 and R 7 are independently H or CH 3
- the degree of polymerization n is a natural number
- the degree of alkoxylation a is a natural number between 2 and 30, preferably between 10 and 20
- Corresponding products are commercially available for example under the name Acusol ® 820 (Rohm & Haas) in the form of 30 wt -% ⁇ ger dispersions available In the commercial product mentioned 4 stands in water R is a stearyl radical, R 6 is a hydrogen atom, R 7 is H or CH 3 and the degree of ethoxylation a is 20
- thickeners are hydroxyethyl cellulose and / or hydroxypropyl cellulose and / or thickeners from the group of polysaccharides, preferably xanthan, the polyurethanes or the modified polyacrylates, with particular preference to thickeners of the formula R 3
- the liquid or geligenous media preferably contain Losungsm ⁇ ttel (-gem ⁇ sche), which may contain other non-aqueous solvents in addition to or in place of water
- These non-aqueous solvents are derived for example from the groups of monoalcohols, diols, Tnole or polyols, ethers, esters and / or amides
- non-aqueous solvents which are water-soluble, "water-soluble" solvents in the sense of the present application being solvents which are completely miscible with water at room temperature, ie without mixing gap
- Non-aqueous solvents which can be used in the flowable media preferably originate from the group of monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, alkanolamines or glycol ethers.
- the solvents are preferably selected from ethanol, n- or 1-propanol, n- or sec- or tert-butanol , Glycol, propane or butane diol, glycene, diglycol, propyl or butyl diglycol, hexylene glycol, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol methyl, -ethyl or propyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl or ethyl ether, diisopropylene glycol monomethyl, or ethyl ether, me
- particularly preferred absorbable media contain non-aqueous solvent (s) in amounts of from 0.1 to 70% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably from 1 to 50% by weight, very particularly preferably from 2 to 40% by weight and in particular from 2.5 to 30% by weight, based in each case on the entire composition, preference being given to preferred solvent (s) in the liquid at room temperature nonionic surfactants, polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols, glycene, glycene carbonate, trimethylamine, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, propylene carbonate, hexylene glycol, ethanol, and n-propanol and / or iso-propanol
- nonionic surfactants which are liquid at room temperature are described in detail below as washing or cleaning substances
- PEG polyethylene glycols
- n can have values between 1 (ethylene glycol, see below) and about 16
- n can have values between 1 (ethylene glycol, see below) and about 16
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- PEG 200 a polyethylene glycol having a relative molecular weight of about 190 to about 210 characterized
- the technically common polyethylene glycols PEG 200, PEG 300, PEG 400 and PEG 600 can be used
- polyethylene glycols are, for example, under the trade name Carbowax ® PEG 200 (Union Carbide), Emkapol ® 200 (ICI Ame ⁇ cas) Lipoxol ® 200 MED (Huls America), polyvinyl lyglycol ® E-200 (Dow Chemical), Alkapol ® PEG 300 (Rhone-Poulenc), Lutrol ® E300 (BASF) and the corresponding trade names with higher numbers
- polypropylene glycols are polymers of propylene glycol, those of the general formula
- n can assume values between 1 (propylene glycol, see below) and about 12.
- Glyce ⁇ n is a colorless, clear, heavy-bodied, odorless sweet-tasting hygroscopic liquid of density 1, 261, which solidifies at 18.2 ° C.
- Glyce ⁇ n was originally a byproduct of fat saponification, but is now technically synthesized in large quantities.
- Most technical processes go from propene, which is processed into glycene via the intermediates allyl chloride, epichlorohydnone. Another technical process is the hydroxygeneration of allyl alcohol with hydrogen peroxide at the WO 3 contact via the glycide stage
- Glycine carbonate is accessible by transesterification of ethylene carbonate or dimethyl carbonate with glycene, as by-products of ethylene glycol or methanol accrued em another route of synthesis is based on glycidol (2,3-epoxy-1-propanol), which under pressure in the presence of catalysts with CO 2 to glycene carbonate Glycine carbonate is a clear, light-bodied liquid with a density of 1.398 '3 , which boils at 125-130 ° C (0.15 mbar)
- Ethylene glycol (1,2-ethanediol, "glycol" is a colorless, viscous, sweet-tasting, highly hygroscopic liquid that is miscible with water, alcohols and acetone and has a density of 1.113.
- the solidification point of ethylene glycol is -1 1, 5 0 C, the liquid boils at 198 ° C
- ethylene glycol is recovered from ethylene oxide by heating with water under pressure
- Many promising manufacturing methods can be based on the acetoxylation of ethylene and subsequent hydrolysis or on synthesis gas reactions
- 1, 3-Propand ⁇ ol and 1, 2-Propand ⁇ ol 1, 3-propane-diol is a neutral, colorless and odorless, sweet-tasting liquid density 1, 0597, the - Solidified at 32 ° C and boiling at 214 ° C.
- the preparation of 1, 3-propanediol succeeds from acrolem and water with subsequent catalytic hydrogenation
- 2-Propand ⁇ ol (propylene glycol), which represents a ohge, colorless, almost odorless liquid, the density of 1, 0381, which solidifies at -60 0 C and boiling at 188 ° C
- 2-propanediol is from Propylene oxide produced by Wasserstromrung
- Propylene carbonate is a water-bright, mecanicbeweghche liquid, with a density of 1, 21 like '3 , the melting point is -49 ° C, the boiling point at 242 0 C and propylene carbonate is industrially by reaction of propylene oxide and CO 2 at 200 0 C and 80 bar accessible
- the susceptible medium which preferably further contains one or more of the abovementioned or other non-aqueous solvents and / or water, are preferably one or more active ingredients from the group of bleaches, bleach activators, bleach catalysts, polymers, scaffolds, surfactants, enzymes, electrolytes , pH adjusters, fragrances, perfume carriers, dyes, hydrotropes, foam inhibitors, anti redeposition agents, optical brighteners, grayness inhibitors, anti-shrinkage agents, anti-crease agents, color transfer inhibitors, antimicrobial agents active ingredients, germicides, fungicides, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, antistatics, repellents and impregnating agents, swelling and anti-slip agents, non-aqueous solvents, softeners, protein hydrolysates, and UV absorbers dissolved or suspended
- active ingredients from the group of bleaches, bleach activators, bleach catalysts, polymers, scaffolds, surfactants, enzymes, electrolytes , pH adjusters, fragrances, perfume carriers, dyes, hydro
- the framework materials include, in particular, the zeolites, silicates, carbonates, organic co-builders and, where there are no ecological prejudices against their use, also the phosphates
- the crystalline layered silicates of the formula NaMSi x O 2x + IyH 2 O are described, for example, by Cla ⁇ ant GmbH (Germany Examples of these silicates are Na-SKS-1 (Na 2 Si 22 O 45 ⁇ H 2 O, Kenyaite), Na-SKS-2 (Na 2 Si 14 O 29 ⁇ H 2 O), Magadnt), Na-SKS-3 (Na 2 Si 8 O 17 ⁇ H 2 O) or Na-SKS-4 (Na 2 Si 4 O 9 ⁇ H 2 O, makatite)
- crystalline phyllosilicates of the formula NaMSi x O 2x + 1yH 2 O, in which x is 2
- x is 2
- both ⁇ - and ⁇ -Natdisilamate Na 2 Si 2 O 5 y H 2 O are particularly suitable for the purposes of the present invention.
- Na-SKS-5 Ot-Na 2 Si 2 O 5
- Na-SKS-7 ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5 , Natrosilit
- Na-SKS-9 NaHSi 2 O 5 H 2 O
- Na-SKS-10 NaHSi 2 O 5 3H 2 O, kanemite
- Na SKS-11 t-Na2 S ⁇ 2 0 5
- Na-SKS-13 NaHSi 2 O 5
- Na-SKS-6 5-Na 2 Si 2 O 5
- Detergents or cleaning agents preferably contain a proportion by weight of the crystalline layered silicate of the formula NaMSi x O 2 ⁇ + 1 y H 2 O from 0.1 to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 15% by weight and in particular from 0.4 to 10% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of these agents
- amorphous sodium silicates having a modulus Na 2 O SiO 2 of from 1 2 to 1 3,3, preferably from 1 2 to 1 2, 8 and in particular from 1 2 to 1, 2, which are preferably loosely delayed and have secondary wash properties Loseverzog für compared to conventional amorphous Nat ⁇ umsilikaten can thereby be caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compaction / densification or by overdrying
- the term "amorphous" understood that the silicates in X-ray extenuations do not provide sharp X-rays, such as they are typical of crystalline substances, but at most one or more maxima of the scattered X-radiation, which have a width of several degrees of the diffraction angle, cause
- X-ray amorphous silicates are used whose silicate particles produce blurred or even sharp diffraction maxima in electron diffraction experiments.
- Rontgenamorphe silicates also have a Loseverzögerung compared to conventional waterglass Especially preferred are compacted / compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and dried X-ray silicates
- the said compound (s) is (S), preferably alkahsilicates, more preferably crystalline or amorphous alkali metal disilicates, in detergents or cleaners in amounts of from 3 to 60% by weight, preferably from 8 to 50% by weight and in particular from 20 to 40% by weight, based in each case on the weight of the washing or cleaning agent
- the alkali metal phosphates have a particular preference for pentasodium or pentapotassium phosphate (sodium or potassium polyphosphate) in the washing and cleaning industry the greatest importance
- Alkalimetallphosphate is the summary term for the Alkahmetall- (especially sodium and potassium) salts of various phosphoric acids, in which Metaphosphorsau- Ren (HPO 3 ) n and orthophosphoric H 3 PO 4 can distinguish in addition to high molecular weight representatives
- the phosphates combine several Advantages in themselves They act as alkali carriers, prevent limescale deposits on machine parts or lime incrustations in fabrics and also contribute to the cleaning performance
- phosphates are the pentasodium phosphate, Na 5 P 3 O 10 (Nat ⁇ umtn- polyphosphate) and the corresponding Kahumsalz Pentakaliumt ⁇ phosphat, K 5 P 3 O 10 (Kaliumt ⁇ polyphosphat) According to the invention are preferably still used the Nat ⁇ umkaliumt ⁇ poly lyphosphate
- phosphates are used as detergents or cleaning agents in the context of the present application
- preferred agents include phosphites, preferably alkali metal metal phosphate (s), particularly preferably pentasodium or pentahydride phosphate (sodium or potassium tetrapolyphosphate) ), in quantities of 5 to 80% by weight, preferably in particular from 20 to 70% by weight, in each case based on the weight of the washing or cleaning agent
- alkali carriers are alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal hydrogencarbonates, alkali metal sesquicarbonates, said alkali metal biskates, alkali metal silicates, and mixtures of the abovementioned substances.
- alkali metal carbonates preference is given to using the alkali metal carbonates, in particular sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or sodium sesquicarbonate
- a builder system comprising a mixture of Tnpolyphosphat and Natnumcarbonat is particularly preferred. Due to their low chemical compatibility with the other ingredients of detergents or cleaners in comparison with other builder substances, the alkali metal hydroxides are preferably only in small amounts, preferably in amounts below 10% by weight.
- compositions which, based on their total weight, contain less than 0.5% by weight and in particular no alkali metal hydroxides
- compositions which, based on the weight of the washing or cleaning agent, are less than 20% by weight, preferably less than 17% by weight, preferably less as 13% by weight and in particular less than 9% by weight of carbonate (s) and / or bicarbonate (s), preferably alkali metal carbonate (s), particularly preferably sodium carbonate
- organic cobuilders include polycarboxylates / polycarboxylic acids, polymeric polycarboxylates, aspartic acid, polyacetals, dextrins, further organic cobuilders (see below) and phosphonates. These classes of substances are described below
- Useful organic framework substances are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of the free acid and / or their sodium salts, polycarboxylic acids being understood as meaning those carboxylic acids which carry more than one acid function.
- these are citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, Fumaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), if such use is not objectionable for ecological reasons, as well as mixtures of these.
- the free acids have in addition to their builder effect typically also the property of a Saure- rungskomponente and thus serve to set a lower and milder pH of Detergents or Cleaning Agents
- citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and any desired mixtures of these can be mentioned here
- polymeric polycarboxylates are suitable, these are, for example, the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example those having a relative molecular mass of 500 to 70,000 g / mol
- the molecular weights given for polymeric polycarboxylates are weight-average molar masses M w of the particular acid form, which were determined in principle by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using a UV detector. The measurement was carried out against an external polyacrylic acid Standard, which provides realistic molecular weight values owing to its structural relationship with the polymers investigated. These data differ significantly from the molecular weight data in which polystyrenesulphonic acids are used as standard. The molar masses measured against polystyrenesulphonic acids are generally significantly higher than the molecular weights specified in this specification
- Suitable polymers are, in particular, polyacrylates which preferably have a molecular mass of from 2000 to 20 000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility, the short-chain polyacrylates, the molar masses of from 2000 to 10000 g / mol, and particularly preferably from 3000 to 5000 g / mol, have, be preferred.
- copolymeric polycarboxylates especially those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid.
- Copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid which contain 50 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 10% by weight of maleic acid have proven particularly suitable
- Their relative molecular mass, based on free acids, is generally from 2000 to 70000 g / mol, preferably from 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol and in particular from 30,000 to 40,000 g / mol
- the (co) polymeric polycarboxylates can be used either as a powder or as an aqueous solution.
- the content of detergents or cleaning agents in (co) polymeric polycarboxylates is preferably from 0.5 to 20% by weight, in particular from 3 to 10% by weight.
- the polymers may also contain allylsulfonic acids, such as allyloxybenzenesulfonic acid and methallylsulfonic acid, as a monomer
- biodegradable polymers of more than two different monomer units for example those which contain as monomers salts of acrylic acid and maleic acid and vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives or the monomers of the salts of acrylic acid and 2-alkylallylsulfonic acid and sugar derivatives
- Further preferred copolymers are those which have as their monomers acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or acrolein and vinyl acetate
- polymeric Ammodicarbon acids their salts or their precursors
- polyaspartic acids or their salts Particularly preferred are polyaspartic acids or their salts
- polyacetals which can be obtained by reacting dialdehydes with polyolcarboxylic acids which have 5 to 7 C atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups.
- Preferred polyacetals are prepared from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and mixtures thereof and from polyolcarboxylic acids such as Gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid
- organic builder substances are dextrins, for example oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates, which can be obtained by partial hydrolysis of starches.
- the hydrolysis can be carried out by customary, for example acid or enzyme catalyzed processes.
- the hydrolysis products have average molecular weights in the region of 400 up to 500000 g / mol.
- a polysaccharide with a dextrose equivalent (DE) in the range from 0.5 to 40, in particular from 2 to 30 is preferred, DE being a customary measure for the reducing action of a polysaccharide in comparison with dextrose Usable are both Maltodextnne with a DE between 3 and 20 and dry glucose syrup with a DE between 20 and 37 and so-called yellow dextrins and white dext ⁇ ne with higher molecular weights in the range from 2000 to 30,000 g / mol
- oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the sucrose ring to the carboxylic acid function
- Oxydisuccinates and other derivatives of Disuccmaten, preferably ethylenediamine are further suitable cobuilders It is Ethylend ⁇ am ⁇ n-N, N '-d ⁇ succ ⁇ nat (EDDS) is preferably in the form of its sodium or magnesium salts are preferably used Further, lie in this context Glyce ⁇ ndisuccinate and Glyce ⁇ ntrisuccinate quantities used in zeolite-containing and / or silicate-containing formulations at 3 to 15% by weight
- organic cobuilders are, for example, acetylated hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, which may optionally also be present in lactone form and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group and a maximum of two acid groups
- acetylated hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts which may optionally also be present in lactone form and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group and a maximum of two acid groups
- all compounds which are capable of forming complexes with alkaline earth metals can be used as scaffolds
- the group of surfactants includes nonionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants
- Suitable nonionic surfactants are all nonionic surfactants known to the person skilled in the art.
- Suitable nonionic surfactants are, for example, alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) x in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, especially methyl-branched, aliphatic radical of 8 to 22, preferably corresponds to 12 to 18 carbon atoms and G is the symbol which represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose.
- the degree of oligomerization x which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number between 1 and 10, preferably x is 1, 2 to 1, 4
- nonionic surfactants used either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain
- Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallowkyl-N, N-dimethylhydroxylamine, and the fatty acid alkanolamides may also be suitable.
- the amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated ones Fatty alcohols, especially not more than half of them
- surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula
- R is an aliphatic acyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms
- R 1 is hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- [Z] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups
- the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride
- the group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula
- R is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms
- R 1 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 2 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxy-alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, with C 1-4 -alkyl or phenyl radicals being preferred and [Z] being a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxy-herten or propoxy - Lêt derivatives of this residue
- [Z] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a reduced sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
- a reduced sugar for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
- the N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can be prepared by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides
- Nonionic surfactants are used as preferred surfactants. Particular preference is given to detergents or cleaners, in particular automatic dishwashing detergents, nonionic surfactants from the group of alkoxylated alcohols.
- Nonionic surfactants are preferably alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having preferably 8 used to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol in which the alcohol radical may linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or may contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as they usually in Oxoalkoholresten
- EO ethylene oxide
- alcohol ethoxylates having linear radicals of alcohols of native origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, such as coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and an average of 2 to 8 moles of EO per mole of alcohol preferred Among the preferred ethoxyherten alcohols go For example, C 12 -i 4
- tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO
- ethoxylated nonionic surfactants the C 6-2 o-monohydroxyalkanols or C 6 - 2 o-alkylphenols or C 16 .
- a particularly preferred nonionic surfactant is selected from a straight chain fatty alcohol having 16 to 20 carbon atoms (C 16 2 o-alcohol ), preferably a C 18 -alcohol and at least 12 moles, preferably at least 15 moles and in particular at least 20 moles of ethylene oxide recovered.
- C 16 2 o-alcohol straight chain fatty alcohol having 16 to 20 carbon atoms
- C 18 -alcohol preferably a C 18 -alcohol and at least 12 moles, preferably at least 15 moles and in particular at least 20 moles of ethylene oxide recovered.
- the so-called “narrow-ranked ethoxylates" are particularly preferred
- nonionic surfactants which have a melting point above room temperature N ⁇ cht ⁇ on ⁇ sche (s)
- nonionic surfactants which have melting or softening points in the temperature range mentioned are, for example, low-foaming nonionic surfactants which may be solid or highly viscous at room temperature. If nonionic surfactants are used which are highly viscous at room temperature, it is preferred that they have a viscosity above 20 Pa Also, nonionic surfactants having waxy consistency at room temperature are preferred depending on their application
- Nonionic surfactants from the group of alkoxylated alcohols are also used with particular preference
- the nonionic surfactant which is solid at room temperature preferably has propylene oxide units in the molecule.
- such PO monomers make up to 25% by weight, more preferably up to 20% by weight and in particular up to 15% by weight, of the total molecular weight of the nonionic surfactant from particularly preferred nonionic surfactants are ethoxylated monohydroxyalkanols or alkylphenols which additionally have polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer units.
- the alcohol or alkylphenol content of such nonionic surfactant molecules preferably makes up more than 30% by weight, more preferably more than 50% by weight and in particular more than 70% by weight of the total Molecular weight of such nonionic surfactants
- Preferred agents are characterized in that they contain ethoxylated and propoxylated nonionic surfactants in which the propylene oxide units in the molecule up to 25% by weight, preferably up to 20% by weight and in particular up to 15% by weight of the total molecular weight of the nonionic surfactant
- surfactants come from the groups of alkoxylated nonionic surfactants, in particular the ethoxy-harsh primary alcohols and mixtures of these surfactants with structurally complicated surfactants such as polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene ((PO / EO / PO) surfactants)
- structurally complicated surfactants such as polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene ((PO / EO / PO) surfactants)
- Such (PO / EO / PO) -N ⁇ otens ⁇ de are also characterized by good foam control
- More particularly preferred nonionic surfactants having melting points above room temperature contain from 40 to 70% of a polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene block polymer blend containing 75% by weight of a reverse block copolymer of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene with 17 moles of ethylene oxide and 44 moles of propylene oxide and 25% by weight.
- nonionic surfactants have been low-foaming nonionic surfactants which have alternating ethylene oxide and alkylene oxide units.
- R 1 is a straight-chain or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated C 6 24 alkyl or alkenyl radical
- each group R 2 or R 3 is independently selected from -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -CH 3 , CH (CH 3 J 2 and the indices w, x, y, z independently of one another are integers from 1 to 6
- the preferred nonionic surfactants of the above formula can be prepared by known methods from the corresponding alcohols R 1 -OH and ethylene oxide or alkylene oxide.
- the radical R 1 in the above formula can vary depending on the origin of the alcohol. If native sources are used, the radical R 1 has an even number of carbon atoms and is usually unbranched, the linear radicals are selected from alcohols of natural origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, such as coconut, palm, Taigfett- or oleyl alcohol, are preferably accessible from synthetic sources alcohols are, for example, the Guerbet alcohols or in the 2-position methyl-branched or linear and methyl-branched radicals in a mixture, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten independent Depending on the nature of the alcohol used to prepare the nonionic surfactants contained in the compositions, preference is given to nonionic surfactants in which R 1 in the above formula is an alkyl radical having 6 to 24, preferably 8 to 20, particularly preferably 9 to 15 and in particular 9 to 1 1
- butylene oxide is also suitable as the alkylene oxide unit which is present in the preferred nonionic surfactants in alternation with the ethylene oxide unit.
- R 2 or R 3 are selected independently of one another from -CH 2 CH 2 -CH 3 or CH (CH 3 ) 2 are suitable
- nonionic surfactants which have a C 9 . 15 alkyl having 1 to 4 ethylene oxide units, followed by 1 to 4 propylene oxide units, followed by 1 to 4 ethylene oxide units, followed by 1 to 4 propylene oxide units.
- These surfactants have the required low viscosity in aqueous solution and are according to the invention with particular preference used
- R 1 is -CH (OH) CH 2 O- (AO) w - (A'O) x - (A l 'O) y - (A lll O) z -R 2
- R 1 and R 2 independently of one another represent a straight-chain or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated C 2 - 4 o-alkyl or alkenyl radical, A, A ', A "and A” 1 independently of one another Residue from the group -CH 2 CH 2 , -CH 2 CH 2 -CH 2 , -CH 2 -CH (CH 3 ), -CH 2 - CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 , -CH 2 -CH (CH 3 ) -CH 2 -, -CH 2 -CH (CH 2 -CH 3 ), and w, x, y and z are values between 0.5 and 90, where x, y and / or z can also be 0 are preferred according to the invention
- radical R 1 which is linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, furthermore a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical R 2 having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, where x is between 1 and 90, preferably between 40 and 80, and especially between 40 and 60
- R 1 is a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 4 to 18 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof
- R 2 denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 26 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof and x for values between 0.5 and 1, 5 and y is a value of at least 15
- R 1 and R 2 independently of one another are a linear or branched, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 2 to 26 carbon atoms
- R 3 is independently selected from -CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -CH 3 , CH (CH 3 ) 2 , but preferably represents -CH 3
- nonionic surfactants are the end-capped poly (oxyalkyl ⁇ erten) nonionic surfactants of the formula
- R 1 and R 2 are linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having 1 to 30 carbon atoms
- R 3 is H or a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n- Butyl, 2-butyl or 2-methyl-2-butyl radical
- x are values between 1 and 30, k and j are values between 1 and 12, preferably between 1 and 5
- OR 2 may be different
- R 1 and R 2 are preferably linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, radicals having 8 to 18 carbon atoms being particularly preferred
- R 3 H, -CH 3 or -CH 2 CH 3 are particularly preferred. Particularly preferred values for x range from 1 to 20,
- each R 3 in the above formula may be different if x ⁇ 2, thereby allowing the alkylene oxide unit to be varied in the square bracket.
- the value 3 for x has been selected here by way of example and can be quite large, with the range of variation increasing with increasing x values and, for example, a large number of (EO) groups combined with a small number (PO). Includes groups, or vice versa
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are as defined above and x is from 1 to 30, preferably from 1 to 20 and in particular from 6 to 18 Particularly preferred are surfactants in which the radicals R 1 and R 2 has 9 to 14 C atoms, R 3 is H and x assumes values of 6 to 15
- the indicated C chain lengths and degrees of ethoxylation or alkoxy grading of the aforementioned nonionic surfactants represent statistical averages which may be a whole or a fractional number for a particular product. Because of the production processes, commercial products of the formulas mentioned are usually not made of an individual but of mixtures Mean values and consequently broken numbers can result for both the C chain lengths and for the degrees of ethoxylation or alkoxy degrees of cure
- nonionic surfactants can be used not only as individual substances but also as surfactant mixtures of two, three, four or more surfactants.
- Surfactant mixtures are not mixtures of nonionic surfactants which in their entirety fall under one of the abovementioned general formulas rather, such mixtures containing two, three, four or more nonionic surfactants which can be described by different of the aforementioned general formulas
- the anionic surfactants used are, for example, those of the sulfonate and sulfates type.
- the surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C 9 . 13- Alkylbenzolsulfonate, Olefmsulfonate, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, as for example from C 12 -i 8 -Monoolef ⁇ nen with terminal or internal double bond by sulfonating with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acid hydrolysis of Also suitable are alkanesulfonates prepared from C 12 -is-alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis Likewise, the esters of ⁇ -sulfo fatty acids (ester sulfonates), for example the ⁇ -sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty
- sulfonated fatty acid glycyl esters are sulfonated fatty acid glycyl esters.
- Fatty acid glycine esters are to be understood as meaning the mono-, di- and triesters and mixtures thereof, as in the preparation by esterification of a monoglycerine with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to
- Preferred sulfated fatty acid glycine esters are the sulfonation products of saturated fatty acids containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, for example caproic acid, caprylic acid, capnic acid, myrotic acid, lactic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid
- Alk (en) ylsulfates are the alkali metal salts and in particular the sodium salts of the sulfuric acid halides of the C 12 -C 18 fatty alcohols, for example of coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, methylstyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or of C 10 -C 2 O-oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of these chain lengths are also preferred.
- Alk (en) ylsulfates of the above-mentioned chain length which contain a synthetic, petrochemical-based straight-chain alkyl radical which has an analogous degradation behavior to those of the adequate compounds based on
- the C 12 -C 16 -alkyl sulfates and C 12 -C 15 -alkyl sulfates and C 14 -C 15 -alkyl sulfates are also preferred.
- 2,3-Alkyl sulfates which are commercially available from the Shell Oil Company under the name DAN® can be obtained, are suitable anionic surfactants
- the Schwefelsauremonoester of linear or branched C ethoxylated with 1 to 6 mol ethylene oxide 7 21 alcohols such as 2-methyl-9 verzwe ⁇ gte C 11 alcohols containing on average 3.5 mol ethylene oxide (EO) or C 12-C18 fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO, are suitable They are used in detergents due to their high foaming behavior only in relatively small amounts, for example in amounts of 1 to 5% by weight
- Suitable anionic surfactants are also the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinic acid esters and the monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
- alcohols preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
- Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C 8 .i 8 - Fatty alcohol residues or mixtures thereof
- These particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue which is derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols which in themselves constitute nonionic surfactants.
- alk (en) yl-bemicinic acid having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof
- Suitable further anionic surfactants are in particular soaps.
- Suitable are saturated fatty acid soaps, such as the salts of lauric acid, myrmalic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid, and in particular soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids
- the anionic surfactants including the soaps, may be present in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
- the anionic surfactants are preferably in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts
- cationic active substances for example, cationic compounds of the following formulas can be used
- each group R 1 is independently selected from d. 6 alkyl, alkenyl or
- each group R, 2 is independently selected from C 8-28 alkyl or alkenyl groups
- R 3 R 1 or (CH 2) n -TR 2
- R 4 R 1 or R 2 or (CH 2 ) n -TR 2
- T -CH 2 -, -O-CO- or -CO-O- and n is an integer from 0 to 5
- the content of cationic and / or amphoteric surfactants is preferably less than 6% by weight, preferably less than 4% by weight, very particularly Preferably less than 2% by weight, and in particular less than 1% by weight, of automatic dishwashing compositions which contain no cationic or amphoteric surfactants are particularly preferred
- the group of polymers in particular pay the washing or cleaning active polymers, such as the clear-powder polymers and / or effective as softeners polymers are generally detergents in addition to nonionic polymers and cationic, anionic and amphoteric polymers used
- “Cationic polymers” in the context of the present invention are polymers which carry a positive charge in the polymer molecule. This can be realized, for example, by (alkyl) ammonium groups or other positively charged groups present in the polymer chain.
- Particularly preferred cationic polymers are derived from the groups of the quaternized cellulose Derivatives of polysiloxanes having quaternary groups, the cationic guar derivatives, the polymeric dimethyldiallylammonium salts and their copolymers with esters and amides of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, the copolymers of vinylpyrrohdone with quaternized derivatives of dialkylammoacrylate and methacrylate, vinylpyrrolidone-methoimidazolinium chloride Copolymers, the quaternized polyvinyl alcohols or the polymers specified under the INCI names Polyquaternium 2, Polyquaternium 17, Polyquaternium 18 and Polyquaternium 27
- amphoteric polymers further comprise, in addition to a positively charged group in the polymer chain, also negatively charged groups or monomer units. These groups may, for example, be carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids or phosphonic acids
- particularly preferred cationic or amphoteric polymers contain as monomer unit a compound of the general formula
- R 1 and R 4 independently of one another are H or a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R 2 and R 3 independently of one another are an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or aminoalkyl group in which the alkyl radical is linear or branched is and has between 1 and 6 carbon atoms, which is preferably a methyl group
- x and y independently of one another are integers between 1 and 3.
- X represents a counterion, preferably a counterion from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, iodide, sulfate, Hydrogen sulfate, methosulfate, lauryl sulfate, dodecylbenzenesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate (tosylate), cumene sulfonate, xylene sulfonate, phosphate, citrate, formate, acetate or mixtures thereof
- Preferred radicals R 1 and R 4 in the above formula are selected from -CH 3, -CH 2 -CH 3, - CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 3, -CH (CHa) -CH 3, -CH 2 -OH, -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH, -CH (OH) -CH 3 , -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH, -CH 2 -CH (OH) -CH 3 , -CH (OH) -CH 2 -CH 3 , and - (CH 2 CH 2 -O) n H
- cationic or amphoteric polymers comprise a monomer unit of the general formula
- RiHC R2 C-C (O) -NH- (CH 2) -N + R3R4R5
- X ' in the R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 independently of one another are selected from a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably a linear or branched alkyl radical selected from CH 3 , -CH 2 -CH 3 , -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 3 , - CH (CH 3 ) -CH 3 , -CH 2 -OH, -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH, -CH (OH) -CH 3 , -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH, -CH 2 -CH (OH) -CH 3 , - CH (OH) -CH 2 -CH 3 , and - (CH 2 CH 2 -O) n is H and x is an integer between 1 and 6
- polymers which have a cationic monomer unit of the above general
- H 2 C C (CH 3 ) -C (O) -N H- (CH 2 I x -N + (CH 3 J 3
- amphoteric polymers have not only cationic groups but also anionic groups or monomer units.
- anionic monomer units are derived, for example, from the group of linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated carboxylates of the linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated phosphonates, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated sulfates or the linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated sulfonates
- Preferred monomer units are acrylic acid, (meth) acrylic acid, (dimethyl) acrylic acid, (ethyl) acrylic acid, cyanoacrylic acid, vinylic acid, allylic acid , crotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, cinnamic acid and its derivatives, the allylsulfonic acids, such as, for example, allyloxybenzenesulfonic acid and methallylsulfonic acid or the allylphosphonic acids
- Preferred amphoteric polymers which can be used are from the group of the alkylacrylamide / acrylic acid copolymers, the alkylacrylamide / methacrylic acid copolymers, the alkylacrylamide / methylmethacrylic acid copolymers, the alkylacrylamide / acrylic acid / alkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylic acid copolymers, the alkylacrylamide / Methacrylsaure / Alkylam ⁇ noalkyl (meth) - acrylic acid copolymers, the alkylacrylamide / Methylmethacrylsaure / AlkylaminoalkyKmethJacrylsaure- copolymers, the alkylacrylamide / alkymethacrylate / Alkylaminoethylmethacrylat / alkyl methacrylate copolymers and the copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids, cationically de ⁇ vatis studying unsaturated carboxylic acids
- Preferred zwitterionic polymers are from the group of acrylamidoalkylt ⁇ alkylammonium chloride / acrylic acid copolymers and their alkali metal and ammonium salts, the acrylates. midoalkyltrialkylammonium chloride / methacrylic acid copolymers and their alkali metal and ammonium salts and the Methacroylethylbetain / methacrylate copolymers
- amphoteric polymers which, in addition to one or more anionic monomers, comprise methacrylamidoalkyl-t-alkylammonium chloride and dimethyl (diallyl) -ammonium chloride as cationic monomers
- amphoteric polymers are from the group of methacrylamidoalkyl trialkylammon ⁇ umchlor ⁇ d / D ⁇ methyl (d ⁇ allyl) ammon ⁇ umchlor ⁇ d / acrylic acid copolymers, the Methacryl- am ⁇ doalkyltr ⁇ alkylammon ⁇ umchlo ⁇ d / D ⁇ methyl (d ⁇ allyl) ammon ⁇ umchlo ⁇ d / methacrylic acid copolymers and the Methacrylamidoalkyltnalkylammoniumchlorid / DimethyKdiallyOammoniumchlorid / alkyl (meth) acrylic acid Copolymers and their alkali metal and ammonium salts
- amphoteric polymers from the group of Methacrylamidopropylp ⁇ nmethylammon ⁇ umchlor ⁇ d / D ⁇ methyl (d ⁇ allyl) ammon ⁇ umchlor ⁇ d / acrylic acid copolymers, the Meth- thacrylam ⁇ dopropyltr ⁇ methylammon ⁇ umchlor ⁇ d / D ⁇ methyl (d ⁇ allyl) ammon ⁇ um-chlor ⁇ d / acrylic acid copolymers and the Methacrylamidopropylt ⁇ methylammonium-chlo ⁇ d / DimethyKdiallyOammonium- chlor ⁇ d / alkyl (meth) acrylic acid copolymers and their alkali metal and ammonium salts
- the polymers are present in prefabricated form.
- Washing or cleaning agents preferably contain the abovementioned cationic and / or amphoteric polymers in amounts of between 0.01 and 10% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the washing or cleaning agent.
- polymers effective as a softener are the sulfonic acid group-containing polymers which are used with particular preference
- Copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids, monomers containing sulfonic acid groups and optionally further ionogenic or nonionogenic monomers are particularly preferably usable as sulfonic acid-containing polymers
- R 1 to R 3 independently of one another are -H, -CH 3 , a straight-chain or branched saturated alkyl radical having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, a straight-chain or branched, mono- or polyunsaturated alkenyl radical having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, NH 2 , -OH or -COOH substituted alkyl or alkenyl radicals or -COOH or -COOR 4 , wherein R 4 is a saturated or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 12 carbon atoms
- H 2 C CH-X-SO 3 H
- H 2 C C (CHa) -X-SO 3 H
- HO 3 SX- (R 6 ) C C (R 7 ) -X-SO 3 H
- Particularly preferred monomers containing sulfonic acid groups are 1-acrylamido-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-propanesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-methacrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 3-Methacrylam ⁇ do-2-hydroxy-propanesulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, methallylsulfonic acid, allyloxybenzenesulfonic acid, methallyloxybenzenesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-3- (2-propenyloxy) propanesulfonic acid, 2-methyl-2-propenylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, 3-sulfopropyl acrylate, 3 -Sulfopropylmethacrylat, sulfomethacrylamide, sulfomethyl methacrylamide and water-soluble salts of said
- ethylenically unsaturated compounds are suitable as further ionic or nonionogenic monomers.
- the content of the polymers used in these other ionic or nonionic monomers is less than 20% by weight, based on the polymer.
- copolymers consist of ⁇ ) one or more unsaturated carboxylic acids from the group of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and / or maleic acid n) one or more sulfonic acid group-containing monomers of the formulas
- the copolymers may contain the monomers from groups (I) and (I) as well as, if appropriate, in varying amounts, it being possible to combine all representatives from group (I) with all representatives from group (n) and all representatives from group (II) - preferred polymers have certain structural units which are described below
- copolymers which are structural units of the formula are preferred.
- Acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid can also be copolymerized completely analogously with methacrylic acid derivatives containing sulfonic acid groups, as a result of which the structural units in the molecule are changed.
- m and p are each an integer between 1 and 2,000 and Y is a spacer group selected from substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, aromatic or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, wherein spacer groups in which Y.
- the sulfonic acid groups may be completely or partially in neutralized form, ie that the acidic acid of the sulfonic acid group in some or all sulfonic acid groups may be exchanged with metal ions, preferably alkali metal ions and in particular against sodium ions.
- metal ions preferably alkali metal ions and in particular against sodium ions.
- the monomer distribution of the copolymers preferably used according to the invention is in the case of copolymers which contain only monomers from the groups I) and n), preferably in each case from 5 to 95% by weight (I) or n), particularly preferably from 50 to 90% by weight, monomer from the group ⁇ ) and 10 to 50% by weight of monomer from the group n), in each case based on the polymer
- copolymers which contain only monomers from the groups I) and n), preferably in each case from 5 to 95% by weight (I) or n), particularly preferably from 50 to 90% by weight, monomer from the group ⁇ ) and 10 to 50% by weight of monomer from the group n), in each case based on the polymer
- terpolymers particular preference is given to those which contain from 20 to 85% by weight of monomer from the group I), from 10 to 60% by weight of monomer from the group n) and from 5 to 30% by weight of monomer from the group III)
- the molecular weight of the sulfo copolymers preferably used according to the invention can be varied in order to adapt the properties of the polymers to the desired use.
- Preferred detergents or cleaners are characterized in that the copolymers have molar masses of from 2000 to 200,000 gmol -1 , preferably from 4000 to 25,000 gmol "1 and in particular from 5000 to 15,000 gmol " 1 have
- the bleaching agents are a washing or cleaning substance which is used with particular preference.
- sodium carbonate, sodium borate tetrahydrate and sodium borate monohydrate are of particular importance.
- Further useful bleaching agents are, for example, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H. 2 O 2 supplying persaure salts or Persauren, like Perbenzoate, Peroxophthala- te, Diperazelainsaure, Phthaloiminopersaure or Diperdodecandisaure
- Typical organic bleaching agents are the diacyl peroxides, such as dibenzoyl peroxide.
- Other typical organic bleaching agents are the peroxyacids, examples being the alkyl peroxy acids and the aryl peroxy acids.
- Preferred representatives are (a) the peroxybenzoic acid and its ring-substituted derivatives, such as alkyl peroxybenzoic acids, but also peroxy- ⁇ -naphthoic acid and magnesium monoperphthalate, (b) the aliphatic or substituted aliphatic peroxyacids, such as peroxylic acid, peroxystic acid, ⁇ -phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid [phthalimoperoxyhexanoic acid (PAP)], o Carboxybenzamide diboxycaproic acid, N-
- Nonenylamidoperadipinsaure and N-Nonenylam ⁇ dopersucc ⁇ nate and (c) ahphatician and arahphatic Peroxydicarbonsauren, such as 1, 12-D ⁇ peroxycarbonsaure, 1, 9-D ⁇ peroxyazela ⁇ nsaure, Diperocy- sebacinsaure, Diperoxybrassylsaure, the Diperoxyphthalsauren, 2-Decyld ⁇ peroxybutan-1, 4-diacid, N , N-terephthaloyl-d ⁇ (6-am ⁇ nopercapronsaue)
- Chlorine or bromine-releasing substances can also be used as the bleaching agent.
- suitable chlorine or bromine-releasing materials are heterocyclic N-bromo- and N-chloramides, for example trichloroisocyanuric acid, tribromoisuricacid, dibromoisocyanuric acid and / or dichlorocyanuric acid (DICA) and / or their derivatives Salts with cations such as potassium and sodium into consideration
- HydantoinENSen such as 1, 3-D ⁇ chlor-5,5-d ⁇ methylhydantho ⁇ n are also suitable
- washing or cleaning agents in particular automatic dishwashing agents, are preferred which contain from 1 to 35% by weight, preferably from 2.5 to 30% by weight, particularly preferably from 3.5 to 20% by weight and in particular from 5 to 15% by weight.
- the active oxygen content of the washing or cleaning agents, in particular the machine dishwashing agents is in each case based on the total weight of the composition, preferably between 0.4 and 10% by weight, more preferably between 0.5 and 8% by weight and in particular between 0.6 and 5% by weight of particularly preferred compositions have an active oxygen content above 0.3% by weight, preferably above 0.7% by weight, more preferably above 0.8% by weight and in particular above 1.0% by weight
- Bleach activators are used in washing or cleaning agents, for example, to achieve Suitable bleach activators are compounds which form aliphatic Perhydrolysebedmgungen peroxy xocarbonsauren preferably having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, especially 2 when washing at temperatures of 60 0 C and below, an improved bleaching effect to Suitable are substances which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of said carbon atom number and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups.
- polyacylated alkylenediamines especially tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED ), acylated Triazinde ⁇ vate, in particular 1, 5-D ⁇ acetyl-2,4-d ⁇ oxohexahydro-1, 3,5-tr ⁇ az ⁇ n (DADHT), acylated Glycolu ⁇ le, especially Tetraacetylglykolu ⁇ l (TAGU), N-Acyl ⁇ m ⁇ de, in particular N-Nonanoylsucc ⁇ n ⁇ m ⁇ d (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), Carbonsaurean- hyd ⁇ de, in particular Phthalsaureanhyd ⁇ d, acylated polyhydric alcohols, in particular Tnacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate and 2,5-D ⁇ ace
- bleach activators are preferably used in amounts of up to 10% by weight, in particular 0.1% by weight to 8% by weight, especially 2 to 8% by weight and more preferably 2 to 6% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the bleach activator-containing agents used
- bleach activators preferably used in the context of the present application are compounds from the group of cationic nitrenes, in particular cationic nitriles of the formula
- R 1 for -H, -CH 3 a C 2 . 24 alkyl or alkenyl, a substituted C 2 . 24 -alkyl or alkenyl radical having at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of -Cl, -Br, -OH, -NH 2 , -CN, an alkyl or alkenylaryl radical having a C 1-4 -alkyl group, or a substituted alkyl or alkenes - nylaryl radical having a d.
- bleach catalysts can also be used. These substances are bleaching-intensifying transition metal salts or transition metal complexes, such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo salt complexes or carbonyl complexes. Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with N-containing T ⁇ pod ligands as well as Co, Fe, Cu and Ru ammine complexes can be used as bleach catalysts
- Bleach-enhancing transition metal complexes in particular having the central atoms Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Mo, V, Ti and / or Ru, preferably selected from the group of manganese and / or cobalt salts and / or complexes, particularly preferably the cobalt ( ammine) complexes containing cobalt (acetate) - Complexes of the cobalt (carbonyl) complexes, the chlorides of cobalt or manganese, of the manganese sulfate are used in conventional amounts, preferably in an amount up to 5% by weight, in particular from 0.0025% by weight to 1% by weight and especially preferably from 0.01% by weight to 0.25% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the inventive compositions. In special cases, however, it is also possible to use more bleach activator
- complexes of manganese in the oxidation state II, III, IV or IV are used, which preferably contain one or more macrocyclic (s) ligands with the donor functions N, NR, PR, O and / or S.
- ligands are used which have nitrogen donor functions.
- lead catalyst (s) in the agents according to the invention which are macromolecular ligands 1, 4,7-tri-methyl-1, 4,7-triazacyclononane (Me-TACN ), 1, 4,7-triazacyclononane (TACN), 1, 5,9-trimethyl-1,5,9-triazacyclododecane (Me-TACD), 2-methyl-1, 4,7-tri-methyl-1, 4,7-t ⁇ azacyclononane (Me / Me-TACN) and / or 2-methyl-1, 4,7-t ⁇ azacyclononane (Me / TACN) contain Suitable manganese complexes are, for example, [Mn l " 2 ( ⁇ -O) 1 ( ⁇ - OAc) 2 (TACN) 2 ] (Cl ⁇ 4) 2, [Mn 1 "Mn lv ( ⁇ -O) 2 ( ⁇ -OAc) 1 (TACN) 2] (BPh 4 ) 2, [Mn ⁇ v 4 ( ⁇ -O
- Enzymes can be used to increase the washing or cleaning performance of detergents or cleaners. These include in particular proteases, amylases, lipases, hemicellulases, cellulases or oxidoreductases, and preferably mixtures thereof. These enzymes are in principle of natural origin, starting from the natural molecules For use in detergents and cleaners, improved variants are available which are used with corresponding preference Detergents or cleaners preferably contain enzymes in total amounts of from 1 ⁇ 10 -6 to 5% by weight, based on active protein , for example, the BCA method or the biuret method
- proteases of the Subt ⁇ l ⁇ s ⁇ n type are preferred examples thereof are the Subtihsine BPN 'and Carlsberg and their advanced forms, the protease PB92, Subtihsine 147 and 309, the alkaline protease from Bacillus lentus, Subtilism DY and the subtilases, not more however, the subtilisme enzymes enzyme thermitase, proteinase K and the proteases TW3 and TW7
- amylases which can be used according to the invention are the ⁇ -amylases from Bacillus lichenemisme, from S amyloliquefaciens, from B stearothermophilus, from Aspergillus niger and A oryzae, as well as the further developments of the present invention which are improved for use in detergents and cleaners. Furthermore, for this purpose, the ⁇ -amylase from Bacillus sp A 7-7 (DSM 12368) and the Cyclodext ⁇ n-glucanotransferase (CGTase) from S agaradherens (DSM 9948) are to be emphasized for this purpose
- Lipases or cutmases can also be used according to the invention, in particular because of their triglyce ⁇ d-splitting activities, but also in order to generate in situ persuers from suitable precursors.
- suitable precursors include, for example, the lipases which are originally obtainable from Humicola lanugmosa (Thermomyces lanuginosus) or further developed, in particular those with the Amino acid exchange D96L
- it is possible, for example, to use the cutmas originally isolated from Fusarium solani pisi and Humicola insolens. Lipases, or cutmases, whose initial enzymes were originally isolated from Pseudomonas mendocma and Fusarium, can also be used.
- Oxidoreductases for example oxidases, oxygenases, catalases, peroxidases, such as halo, chloro, bromo, lignin, glucose or manganese peroxidases, dioxygenases or laccases (phenol oxidases, polyphenol oxidases) can advantageously be used according to the invention to increase the bleaching effect additionally preferably organic, particularly preferably aromatic, compounds which interact with the enzymes are added in order to enhance the activity of the relevant oxidoreductases (enhancers) or to ensure the flow of electrons at greatly varying redox potentials between the oxidizing enzymes and the soiling (mediators)
- the enzymes can be used in any form known in the art. These include, for example, the solid preparations obtained by granulation, extrusion or lyophilization or, especially in the case of liquid or gel-form detergents, solutions of the enzymes, advantageously as concentrated as possible, low in water and / or with stabilizers added
- the enzymes can be encapsulated for both the solid and liquid dosage forms, for example by spray-drying or extruding the enzyme solution together with a preferably natural polymer or in the form of capsules, for example those in which the enzymes are entrapped as in a solidified gel or in those of the core-shell type, in which an enzyme-containing core with a water, air and / or chemical
- additional active ingredients for example stabilizers, emulsifiers, pigments, bleaches or dyes can be additionally applied.
- Capsules of this kind are advantageously applied by methods known per se, for example by shaking or rolling granulation or in fluid-bed processes Such granules, for example by applying polymeric film-forming, low-dust and storage stable due to the coating
- a protein and / or enzyme can be protected against damage, for example inactivation, denaturation or decomposition, for example by physical influences, oxidation or proteolytic cleavage, especially during storage.
- Microbial recovery of the proteins and / or enzymes preferably inhibits proteolysis, in particular if Detergents or cleaning agents which contain agents for this purpose may also contain stabilizers. The provision of such agents constitutes a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- enzymes and / or enzyme preparations preferably solid protease preparations and / or amylase preparations, in amounts of from 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 4.5% by weight and in particular of 0.4 to 4% by weight, based in each case on the total enzyme-containing agent used
- Glass corrosion inhibitors prevent the occurrence of turbidity, streaks and scratches, but also iridescence of the glass surface of machine-cleaned glasses.
- Preferred glass corrosion inhibitors originate from the group of magnesium and zinc salts as well as magnesium and zinc complexes
- the spectrum of the preferred zinc salts according to the invention ranges from salts which are difficult or insoluble in water, ie a solubility below 100 mg / l, preferably below 10 mg / l, in particular below 0.01 mg / l, to those salts which have a solubility in water above 100 mg / l, preferably above 500 mg / l, more preferably above 1 g / l and in particular above 5 g / l (all Lös navalen at 20 0 C.
- the first group of zinc salts includes, for example, zinc citrate, zinc oleate and zinc stearate
- the group of soluble zinc salts includes, for example, zinc formate, zinc acetate, zinc lactate and zinc gluconate
- the glass corrosion inhibitor used is at least one zinc salt of an organic carboxylic acid, particularly preferably a zinc salt from the group zinc stearate, zinc oleate, zinc gluconate, zinc acetate, zinc lactate and zinc citrate.
- Zinccinoleate, zinc abietate and zinc oxalate are also preferred
- the content of zinc salt in detergents or cleaners is preferably between 0.1 and 5% by weight, preferably between 0 2 and 4% by weight and in particular between 0.4 and 3% by weight
- the content of zinc in oxidized form (calculated as Zn 2+ ) is between 0.01 and 1% by weight, preferably between 0.02 and 0.5% by weight and in particular between 0.04 and 0.2% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the glass corrosion inhibitor-containing agent
- Corrosion inhibitors are used to protect the Spulgutes or the machine, wherein in the field of automatic dishwashing, especially silver protectants have a special meaning can be used, the known substances of the prior art Generally, in particular SiI can bertikstoff selected from the group of T ⁇ azole, the Benzot ⁇ azole, Bisbenzot ⁇ azole Particular preference is given to using benzotnazole and / or alkylaminotetazole According to the invention, preference is given to using 3-amino-5-alkyl-1,2,4-tiazazoles or their physiologically tolerated salts , these substances being used with particular preference in a concentration of 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.0025 to 2% by weight, particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.04% by weight Preferred acids for salt formation are hydrochloric acid, Sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, carbonic acid sulphurous acid, organic Carboxylic acids such as acetic, glycolic, citric, succinic acid are very particularly effective
- Chlorine-free detergents also contain oxygen- and nitrogen-containing organic redox-active compounds, such as dihydric and trihydric phenols, for example hydroquinone, pyrocatechol, hydroxyhydroquinone, gallic acid, Phloroglucin, pyrogallol or derivatives of these classes of compounds are also used.
- Oxygen- and nitrogen-containing organic redox-active compounds such as dihydric and trihydric phenols, for example hydroquinone, pyrocatechol, hydroxyhydroquinone, gallic acid, Phloroglucin, pyrogallol or derivatives of these classes of compounds are also used.
- Salt-like and complex-type inorganic compounds such as salts of the metals Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Co and Ce, are frequently used.
- transition metal salts selected from the group the manganese and / or cobalt salts and / or complexes, particularly preferably the cobalt (ammine) complexes, the cobalt (acetate) complexes, the cobalt (carbonyl) complexes, the chlorides of cobalt or manganese and manganese sulfate Zinc compounds can be used to prevent corrosion on the winding material
- redox-active substances can be used. These substances are preferably inorganic redox-active substances from the group consisting of manganese, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, cobalt and cerium. Salts and / or complexes, wherein the metals are preferably present in one of the oxidation states II, III, IV, V or VI
- the metal salts or metal complexes used should be at least partially soluble in water.
- the counterions suitable for salt formation comprise all customary mono-, di- or tri-positively negatively charged inorganic anions, for example oxide, sulfate, nitrate, fluoride, but also organic amines such as for example, stearate
- metal salts and / or metal complexes are selected from the group MnSO 4 , Mn (II) -citrate, Mn (II) stearate, Mn (II) acetylacetonate, Mn (II) - [1-hydroxyethane-1, 1- diphosphonate], V 2 O 5 , V 2 O 4 , VO 2 , TiOSO 4 , K 2 TiF 6 , K 2 ZrF 6 , CoSO 4 , Co (NO 3 ) 2 , Ce (NO 3 ) 3 , and mixtures thereof, such that the metal salts and / or metal complexes are selected from the group MnSO 4 , Mn (II) -citrate, Mn (II) stearate, Mn (II) acetylacetonate, Mn (II) - [1-hydroxyethane-1, 1- diphosphonate], V 2 O 5 , V 2 O 4 , VO 2 ,
- the inorganic redox-active substances are preferably coated, ie completely coated with a water-tight material which is readily soluble in the cleaning temperatures, in order to prevent their premature decomposition or oxidation during storage.
- Preferred coating materials which are prepared by known processes, for example melt-coating processes according to Sandwik from the food industry, are paraffins, microwaxes, waxes of natural origin such as carnauba wax, candellila wax, beeswax, high-melting alcohols such as hexadecanol, soaps or fatty acids
- the metal salts and / or metal complexes mentioned are contained in cleaning agents, preferably in an amount of 0.05 to 6% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 2.5% by weight, in each case based on the total agent
- a film pouch comprises a flowable medium which has the form of granules
- these disintegration aids also called tablet disintegrants, include disintegrants or disintegrants, auxiliaries which are used for rapid disintegration of tablets in water or other media and for ensure the release of the active ingredients
- disintegration aids are, for example, carbonate / citric acid systems, although other organic acids can also be used.
- Swelling disintegration aids are, for example, synthetic polymers such as polyvinylpyrrhondane (PVP) or natural polymers or modified natural substances such as cellulose and starch and their derivatives, alginates or casein denvates
- Disintegration aids are preferably used in amounts of from 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably from 3 to 7% by weight and in particular from 4 to 6% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the disinfectant-containing agent
- Preferred disintegrating agents are cellulosic disintegrating agents, so that preferred detergents or cleaners contain such disintegrants based on cellulose in amounts of from 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably from 3 to 7% by weight and in particular from 4 to 6% by weight cellulose has the formal empirical composition (C 6 H 10 O) n and, formally, is a beta-1, 4-polyacetal of cellobiose, which in turn is made up of two molecules of glucose Suitable celluloses consist of about 500 to 5000 glucose Em receiver and accordingly have average molar masses of 50,000 to 500,000.
- Cellulosic disintegrating agents which can be used in the context of the present invention are cellulose derivatives obtainable by polymer-analogous reactions of cellulose.
- Such chemically modified celluloses comprise, for example, products from esterification or etherification. in which hydroxy-hydrogen atoms substituted Celluloses in which the hydroxy groups have been replaced by functional groups which are not bonded via an oxygen atom can also be used as cellulose derivatives.
- the group of cellulose derivatives includes, for example, alkali metal celluloses, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Cellulose esters and ethers and aminocelluloses
- the cellulose derivatives mentioned are preferably not used alone as cellulose-based disintegrating agents but are used in admixture with cellulose.
- the content of these mixtures of cellulose derivatives is preferably below 50% by weight, more preferably below 20% by weight, based on Cellulose-based disintegration agent Cellulose-based disintegration agent which is free of cellulose derivatives is particularly preferably used
- the cellulose used as disintegration aid is preferably not used in feinteihger form, but converted into a coarser form, for example, granulated or compacted before admixing the premixes to be compressed.
- the particle sizes of such disintegrating agents are generally above 200 .mu.m, preferably at least 90% by weight 300 and 1600 ⁇ m and in particular at least 90% by weight between 400 and 1200 ⁇ m
- microcrystalline cellulose can be used as a further disintegrating agent based on cellulose or as a component of this component. This microcrystalline cellulose is obtained by partial hydrolysis of celluloses under conditions which attack and completely dissolve only the amorphous regions (about 30% of the total cellulose mass) of the celluloses.
- the crystalline regions (about 70%) can be left undamaged.
- Subsequent deaggregation of the microfine celluloses resulting from the hydrolysis yields the microcrystalline celluloses which have particle sizes of about 5 .mu.m and can be compacted, for example, into granules having an average particle size of 200 .mu.m
- Preferred disintegration aids preferably a cellulose-based disintegration assistant, preferably in granular, cogranulated or compacted form, are present in the disintegrating agents in amounts of from 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably from 3 to 7% by weight and in particular from 4 to 6% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the disintegrating agent
- the gas-evolving effervescent system may consist of a single substance which releases a gas on contact with water.
- these compounds is in particular the magnesium peroxide, which releases oxygen upon contact with water
- gas-releasing effervescent system in turn of at least two components that react with each other to form gas
- Preferred effervescent systems consist of alkali metal carbonate and / or bicarbonate and an acidifying agent which is suitable from the Alk Alimetallic salts in aqueous solution to release carbon dioxide
- boric acid and alkali metal hydrogen sulfates, alkali metal dihydrogen phosphates and other inorganic salts can be used.
- organic acidifiers preference is given to using organic acidifiers, with citric acid being a particularly preferred acidifying agent.
- Acidifying agents are preferred in the effervescent system from the group of the organic compounds Di-, tri-, and ergocarboxylic acids or mixtures
- perfume oils or perfumes may be selected from the group consisting of synthetic esters, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and hydrocarbons. Preferably, however, mixtures of different fragrances are used which together produce an attractive fragrance.
- perfume oils may also contain natural fragrance mixtures such as those obtainable from vegetable sources, such as pine, citrus, jasmine, patchouli, rose or ylang-ylang oil
- a perfume In order to be perceptible, a perfume must be volatile, in addition to the nature of the functional groups and the structure of the chemical compound and the molecular weight plays an important role So most perfumes have molecular weights up to about 200 daltons, while molecular weights of 300 daltons and more represent an exception Due to the different odor of odoriferous substances, the smell of a perfume or fragrance composed of several fragrances changes during evaporation, whereby the odor impressions in "top note”, “middle note” or “middle note” Since odor perception is also based to a large extent on the odor math, the top note of a perfume or fragrance does not consist mainly of volatile compounds, while the base note consists largely of less volatiles , ie adherent fragrances consists in the composition of perfume For example, more volatile fragrances can be bound to certain fixatives, which prevents them from evaporating too quickly. The subsequent classification of the fragrances into "light volatiles” or “adherent” fragrances therefore
- fragrances can be processed directly, but it can also be advantageous to apply the fragrances to carriers, which provide a slower release of fragrance for long-lasting fragrance such as Tragermate ⁇ ahen have preserved, for example cyclodextrins, the cyclo-lodex-perfume complexes additionally with other excipients can be coated
- Preferred dyes the selection of which presents no difficulty to the skilled person, have a high storage stability and insensitivity to the other ingredients of the compositions and to light and no pronounced substantivity to the substrates to be treated with the dye-containing agents, such as textiles, glass, ceramics or plastic dishes do not stain them
- dyeing agents which can be oxidatively destroyed in the washing process and mixtures thereof with suitable blue dyes, so-called blue toners It has proved to be advantageous to use colorants which are soluble in water or at room temperature in liquid organic substances. Suitable examples are anionic colorants, for B anionic nitro dyes
- the detergents and cleaners may contain further ingredients which further improve the performance and / or aesthetic properties of these compositions.
- Preferred agents contain one or more substances from the group consisting of the electrolyte, pH adjusters, fluorescers, hydrotopes , Foam inhibitors, silicone oils, anti-redeposition agents, optical brighteners, redeposition inhibitors, anti-shrinkage agents, anti-crease agents, color transfer inhibitors, antimicrobial agents, germicides, fungicides, antioxidants, antistatic agents, polishing aids, repellents and impregnating agents, swelling and anti-slip agents and UV absorbers
- the electrolyte ⁇ from the group of inorganic salts, a wide number of different salts can be used. Preferred cations are the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, preferred anions are the halides and sulfates. From a manufacturing point of view, the use of NaCl or MgCl 2 in the washing or Cleaning agents preferred
- pH adjusters In order to bring the pH of detergents or cleaning agents in the desired range, the use of pH adjusters may be displayed here are all known acid or alkali, unless their use for technical application or environmental reasons or for reasons of consumer protection Usually, the amount of these adjusting agents does not exceed 1% by weight of the total formulation
- Suitable foam inhibitors are, inter alia, soaps, oils, fats, paraffins or silicone sols which may optionally be applied to support materials.
- Suitable support materials are, for example, inorganic salts such as carbonates or sulfates, cellulose derivatives or silicates and mixtures of the aforementioned materials.
- Agents contain paraffins, preferably unbranched paraffins (n-paraffins) and / or silicones, preferably linear-polymeric silicones, which are constructed according to the scheme (R 2 SiO) X and are also referred to as silicone oils.
- Suitable antiredeposition agents which are also referred to as soil repellents, are, for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methylcellulose and methylhydroxypropylcellulose with a proportion of methoxy groups of 15 to 30% by weight and hydroxypropyl groups of 1 to 15% by weight, based in each case on the nonionic cellulose ether and Polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid or their derivatives known from the prior art, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionically and / or nonionically modified derivatives of these Particularly preferred of these are the sulfonated derivatives of phthalic acid and terephthalic acid polymers
- Optical brighteners can be added to laundry detergents or cleaners to remove graying and yellowing of treated fabrics. These fabrics are absorbed by the fiber to brighten and replicate bleach by converting invisible ultraviolet radiation into visible long wavelength light wherein the absorbed from sunlight ultraviolet light is radiated as pale bluish fluorescence and pure for the yellow shade of the grayed or yellowed washing White results Suitable compounds originate for example from the substance classes of the 4,4 '-D ⁇ am ⁇ no-2,2' -st ⁇ lbend ⁇ sulfonsauren (Flavesauren ), 4,4 '-D ⁇ styryl-b ⁇ phenylen, Methylumbelliferone, coumarins, dihydroquinolinones, 1, 3- Diarylpyrazohne, Naphthalsaureimide, benzoxazole, benzisoxazole and benzimidazole systems, and the heterocyclic substituted Pyrendenvate
- Vergrauungsmhibitoren have the task of keeping the loosened dirt of the fiber in the fleet and thus prevent the reabsorption of dirt
- water-soluble colloids are mostly organic nature suitable, for example, the water-soluble salts of polymeric carboxylic acids, glue, gelatin, salts of ether sulfonic acid or the cellulose or salts of acid or acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch.
- water-soluble, acidic group-containing polyamides are suitable for this purpose.
- soluble starch preparations and other than the abovementioned starch products can also be polyvinylpyrrolidone
- graying inhibitors are cellulose ethers such as carboxymethylcellulose (Na salt), methylcellulose, hydroxyalkylcellulose and mixed ethers such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, methylcarboxymethylcellulose and mixtures thereof hey
- synthetic anti-wrinkling agents can be used to pay for this example, synthetic products on the basis of fatty acids, fatty acid esters, fatty acid amides, alkylol esters, alkylolamides or fatty alcohols, which are usually reacted with ethylene oxide, or products based on lecithin or modified phosphoric acid esters Phobizing and impregnation methods are used to finish textiles with substances that prevent the deposition of dirt or facilitate its leaching ability.
- Preferred lathering and impregnating agents are perfluorinated fatty acids, also in the form of their aluminum and zirconium salts, organic silicates, silicones, polyacrylic acid esters with perfluorinated alcohols.
- Component or Polymerizable Compounds Coupled with Perfluorinated Acyl or Sulfonyl Residues Also Antistatic Can be Contained The antisoiling equipment with repellents and impregnating agents is often classified as an easy-care equipment.
- hydrophobic groups such as longer alkyl chains or siloxane groups
- hydrophobic agents For example, paraffins, waxes, metal elves, etc., with additions of aluminum or Zircomum salts, quaternary ammonium compounds with long-chain alkyl radicals, urea derivatives, fatty acid-modified melamine resins, chromium complex salts, silicones, tin organic compounds and glutaric dialdehyde as well as perfluorinated compounds
- the hydrophobized materials do not feel greasy, but - similar to greases - water drops drip off them without moistening.
- silicone-impregnated textiles have a soft feel and are water and dirt repellent, stains from ink , Wine, fruit juice and the like are le not to remove
- bacteriostats and bactericides Depending on the antimicrobial spectrum and mechanism of action, a distinction is made between bacteriostats and bactericides, fungistats and fungicides, etc.
- Important substances from these groups are, for example, benzalkonium chlorides, alkylarylsulfonates, halophenols and phenol mercenate acetate these compounds can be dispensed with
- compositions may contain antioxidants.
- This compound includes, for example, substituted phenols, hydroquinones, catechmts and aromatic amines and also organic sulfides, polysulfides , Dithiocarbamates, phosphites and phosphonates
- Antistatic agents increase the surface conductance and thus allow an improved outflow of formed charges.
- Outer antistatics are generally substances with at least one hydrophilic molecular ligand and give a more or less hygroscopic effect on the surfaces. These mostly surface-active antistatic agents can be subdivided into nitrogen-containing (amines, amides, quaternary ammonium compounds), phosphorus-containing (phosphoric acid esters) and sulfur-containing (alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates) antistatic agents.
- Lauryl (or stearyl) dimethylbenzyl ammonium chlorides are also suitable as antistatics for textiles or textiles as an additive to detergents, whereby additionally a softening effect is achieved
- Silikondenvate are, for example, polydialkyl or alkylaryl siloxanes in which the alkyl groups have up to five carbon atoms and are wholly or partially fluorinated
- Preferred silicones are polydimethylsiloxanes, which may be de ⁇ vattek if necessary and are then amino-functional or quaternized or Si-OH, Si-H and / or S ⁇ -Cl B'nditch
- Further preferred silicones are the polyalkylene oxide-modified polysiloxanes, ie polysiloxanes which comprise, for example, polyethylene glycols and the polyalkylene oxide-modified dimethylpolysiloxanes
- UV absorbers which are applied to the treated textiles and improve the light resistance of the fibers.
- Compounds which have these desired properties are, for example, the compounds and derivatives of benzophenone having substituents in the 2- and / or 2 groups which are active by radiationless deactivation
- substituted benzotnazoles in the 3-position phenyl-substituted acrylates (Zimtsaured ⁇ vate), optionally with cyano groups in the 2-position, sahcylates, organic Ni complexes and natural products such as umbelliferone and the endogenous urocanic acid
- Protein hydrolysates are due to their fiber-care effect further in the context of the present invention preferred active substances from the field of detergents and cleaners
- Protein hydrolyzates are product mixtures obtained by acidic, basic or enzymatically catalyzed degradation of proteins (proteins)
- protein hydrolysates both plant and Animal protein hydrolysates are, for example, elastin, collagen, keratin, silk and milk protein protem hydrolyzates, which may also be present in the form of salts.
- protein hydrolysates of plant origin for example soybean, almond, Rice, Pea, Potato and Wheat Protein Hydrolyzates
- protein hydrolysates as such is preferred, otherwise obtained amino acid mixtures or individual amino acids such as, for example, arginine, lysine, Histidine or Pyrroglutaminsaure be used are also possible to use derivatives of protein hydrolysates, for example in the form of their fatty acid condensation products
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200510048182 DE102005048182B4 (de) | 2005-10-06 | 2005-10-06 | Faserguss-Verpackung mit Innenbeutel |
| PCT/EP2006/008864 WO2007039046A1 (de) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-09-12 | Faserguss-verpackung mit innenbeutel und verfahren zum herstellen derselben |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1943160A1 true EP1943160A1 (de) | 2008-07-16 |
Family
ID=37311830
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06791991A Withdrawn EP1943160A1 (de) | 2005-10-06 | 2006-09-12 | Faserguss-verpackung mit innenbeutel und verfahren zum herstellen derselben |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080210584A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1943160A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102005048182B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2007039046A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100402593C (zh) | 2002-01-11 | 2008-07-16 | 新冰有限公司 | 可生物降解的或可堆肥的容器 |
| GB0524789D0 (en) * | 2005-12-05 | 2006-01-11 | Myerscough Martin | Container |
| US20240359895A1 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2024-10-31 | Eco.Logic Brands Inc. | Containers for holding materials |
| WO2013036695A1 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2013-03-14 | Eco. Logic Brands | Containers for holding materials |
| US8430262B2 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2013-04-30 | Eco.Logic Brands Inc. | Containers for holding materials |
| US20110290798A1 (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2011-12-01 | Julie Corbett | Thermoformed liquid-holding vessels |
| DE102009000879A1 (de) * | 2009-02-16 | 2010-08-19 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Reinigungsmittel |
| MX337167B (es) * | 2009-06-30 | 2016-02-10 | Scholle Corp | Bolsa en empaque de caja con un ensamble de articulacion de tapa. |
| KR20120083288A (ko) * | 2009-07-21 | 2012-07-25 | 스콜 코포레이션 | 삽입가능한 트레이를 가진 백인박스 패키징 |
| AU2011224353B2 (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2016-06-30 | Eco.Logic Brands Inc. | Containers for holding materials |
| US8663419B2 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2014-03-04 | Ecologic | Manual container assembly and liner integration fixture for pulp-molded shell with polymer liner container systems |
| US20120248117A1 (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-10-04 | Ecologic | Re-usable carafe system with re-closable pouches |
| DE112012005070A5 (de) * | 2011-12-05 | 2014-09-04 | Guido Radde | Imprägnierflüssigkeit zum Wasserabweisendmachen von papierartigem Material und die Verwendung desselben |
| US20130193020A1 (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-08-01 | Ecologic | Re-Usable Carafe System with Re-Closable Pouches |
| USD720227S1 (en) | 2012-09-06 | 2014-12-30 | Eco.Logic Brands Inc. | Container for holding materials |
| US9193512B2 (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2015-11-24 | Scholle Corporation | Bag in box packaging |
| EP3038936B1 (de) | 2013-10-02 | 2024-08-07 | Eco.logic Brands Inc. | Behälter für partikelförmige materialien |
| US9404069B1 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2016-08-02 | Crossford International, Llc | Systems and methods for cooling tower fill cleaning with a chemical gel |
| US10030216B2 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2018-07-24 | Crossford International, Llc | Systems and methods for cooling tower fill cleaning with a chemical gel |
| WO2018202805A1 (de) * | 2017-05-03 | 2018-11-08 | Gea Food Solutions Germany Gmbh | Verpackungssystem umfassend ein faserformteil |
| US20240270433A1 (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2024-08-15 | PAPACKS SALES GmbH | Molded product with connection element |
| FR3124500B1 (fr) * | 2021-06-29 | 2023-12-29 | L’Oreal | Ensemble de conditionnement et de préparation d’un produit cosmétique |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2539513A (en) * | 1946-07-20 | 1951-01-30 | Jenett Caroline Louise Maria | Method of packaging |
| US3112057A (en) * | 1960-07-18 | 1963-11-26 | Chemicals Sales Inc | Dispenser package |
| US3208658A (en) * | 1964-03-02 | 1965-09-28 | Membrino Herman | Multiple section container assembly |
| NL8003325A (nl) * | 1980-06-06 | 1982-01-04 | Douwe Egberts Tabaksfab | Transport- en doseerverpakking voor vloeibaar mate- riaal. |
| GB8322026D0 (en) * | 1983-08-16 | 1983-09-21 | Unilever Plc | Bag-in-box |
| US5096650A (en) * | 1991-02-28 | 1992-03-17 | Network Graphics, Inc. | Method of forming paperboard containers |
| IL107275A (en) * | 1992-10-16 | 1997-07-13 | Leonard Pearlstein | Compostable paperboard container and method for the preparation thereof |
| CN1105806C (zh) * | 1998-02-23 | 2003-04-16 | 花王株式会社 | 纸浆模制品的制造方法 |
| JP2001064900A (ja) * | 1998-02-23 | 2001-03-13 | Kao Corp | パルプモールド成形品の製造方法 |
| JP2000199200A (ja) * | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-18 | Kao Corp | パルプモ―ルド中空容器 |
| ATE275512T1 (de) * | 2000-04-25 | 2004-09-15 | Shell Int Research | Verfahren zum nachfüllen eines behälters mit zusammenfaltbarem innenbeutel |
| CN100402593C (zh) * | 2002-01-11 | 2008-07-16 | 新冰有限公司 | 可生物降解的或可堆肥的容器 |
| US6752264B2 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-06-22 | Sonoco Development, Inc. | Flexible pouch having system for mixing two components |
| US7152755B2 (en) * | 2003-07-01 | 2006-12-26 | United States Can Company | Plastic container with integral bail |
-
2005
- 2005-10-06 DE DE200510048182 patent/DE102005048182B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-09-12 WO PCT/EP2006/008864 patent/WO2007039046A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2006-09-12 EP EP06791991A patent/EP1943160A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-04-07 US US12/098,717 patent/US20080210584A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2007039046A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20080210584A1 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
| WO2007039046A1 (de) | 2007-04-12 |
| DE102005048182B4 (de) | 2008-09-04 |
| DE102005048182A1 (de) | 2007-04-12 |
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