EP1938447B1 - Device for controlling a generating set - Google Patents

Device for controlling a generating set Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1938447B1
EP1938447B1 EP06820325A EP06820325A EP1938447B1 EP 1938447 B1 EP1938447 B1 EP 1938447B1 EP 06820325 A EP06820325 A EP 06820325A EP 06820325 A EP06820325 A EP 06820325A EP 1938447 B1 EP1938447 B1 EP 1938447B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
alternator
speed regulator
voltage
heat engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06820325A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1938447A1 (en
Inventor
François Czajkowski
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Moteurs Leroy Somer SAS
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Moteurs Leroy Somer SAS
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Application filed by Moteurs Leroy Somer SAS filed Critical Moteurs Leroy Somer SAS
Publication of EP1938447A1 publication Critical patent/EP1938447A1/en
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Publication of EP1938447B1 publication Critical patent/EP1938447B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/04—Feeding by means of driven pumps
    • F02M37/08—Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven
    • F02M37/10—Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven submerged in fuel, e.g. in reservoir
    • F02M37/106—Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven submerged in fuel, e.g. in reservoir the pump being installed in a sub-tank
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0047—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0076—Details of the fuel feeding system related to the fuel tank
    • F02M37/0088—Multiple separate fuel tanks or tanks being at least partially partitioned
    • F02M37/0094—Saddle tanks; Tanks having partition walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/02—Feeding by means of suction apparatus, e.g. by air flow through carburettors
    • F02M37/025—Feeding by means of a liquid fuel-driven jet pump
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/04—Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0047—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel
    • F02M37/0052—Details on the fuel return circuit; Arrangement of pressure regulators
    • F02M37/0058—Returnless fuel systems, i.e. the fuel return lines are not entering the fuel tank
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of the regulation of generating sets comprising a heat engine.
  • the document US5703410 discloses a control device of a heat engine which drives an alternator.
  • the invention applies to the regulation of heat engines equipped with at least one electric actuator for controlling the speed of the engine, for example the injection of fuel.
  • Known generators combine a heat engine and an alternator each having their own regulation device, the heat engine comprising a speed regulator and the alternator comprising a voltage regulator.
  • each regulator is independent of each other: when the load applied to the alternator varies, each regulator is configured to react separately and independently of the other so that the reciprocal influences of the voltage variations and the variations of speed bring some delay in the regulation.
  • the stable operation of the regulators also produces a certain delay during a sudden change in load.
  • the invention aims to improve the transient behavior of a generator comprising a heat engine, so as to allow for example to reduce the amplitude of the speed variations and voltage variations that result from the transient regime.
  • the present invention achieves this by providing a control device according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 18.
  • Alternator load variation can result in alternator speed variation.
  • the device according to the invention can make it possible to stabilize the speed and / or the output voltage of the alternator.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to use information from, for example, a voltage regulator of the alternator to act as directly as possible on the heat engine in order to allow a faster reaction of this engine to an application of load or load shedding applied to the alternator.
  • the device according to the invention thus makes it possible to obtain a shorter speed response time at the application of a load or load shedding. This may make it possible to reduce the amplitude of variation of the speed both at the application of a load and at the load shedding, and thus to increase the capacity of handling of the generator set for the same variation in speed.
  • the variation in voltage can be reduced by reducing the speed variation, for the same variation of the load.
  • the load can be connected directly to the terminals of the alternator.
  • the device may for example be devoid of inverter and / or rectifier terminals of the alternator.
  • the control device can deliver a control signal that acts directly on the actuator (s).
  • the control signal may be substituted for or superimposed on an output signal of the speed controller when the load variation is detected.
  • control device can deliver a control signal that acts on the actuator (s) through at least a portion of the speed controller.
  • the control signal may be substituted for a signal from the speed controller.
  • the control signal may be substituted for an output signal of a cruise control circuit.
  • This regulation circuit can for example use a PID action strategy (proportional-integral-derivative) at several thresholds.
  • the output signal of the speed control circuit is a signal controlling the speed of rotation of the heat engine, this signal being obtained at the output of the control circuit, for example of the PID type, which processes the difference between the speed measured on the motor and a speed setpoint.
  • the value of the control signal can be determined as a function of the frequency and the frequency derivative of the alternator voltage.
  • the generator set may include a voltage regulator of the alternator.
  • the frequency and the derivative of the frequency can be determined in the alternator voltage regulator.
  • the frequency and frequency derivative can be determined between the alternator voltage regulator and the thermal engine speed controller.
  • the determination can be made by means of a digital processing unit.
  • the transition (0 ... 1) or (1 ... 0) can be done for an imposed duration.
  • the device can be configured to apply to the actuator the voltage of a battery of the generator supplying the speed regulator.
  • the device may be configured to apply to the actuator a voltage greater than a voltage of a battery of the generator supplying the speed regulator.
  • the device may further comprise means for reducing the voltage across the actuator.
  • the heat engine may comprise a single actuator or alternatively a plurality of actuators. This or these actuator (s) may be electric actuators.
  • the control device may output a control signal which acts directly on the actuator (s) by substituting or superimposing on an output signal of the speed controller when the load variation is detected, or outputting a control signal which acts on the actuator (s) through at least a portion of the speed regulator by substituting for a signal from the speed regulator.
  • the voltage of the alternator can make it possible to obtain its frequency and the derivative of its frequency.
  • the load variation can be detected by detecting a change in the frequency of the voltage.
  • the method can stabilize the speed of the generator.
  • actuator downstream of a speed regulator of the engine.
  • electric actuator or actuators downstream of at least a portion of a control circuit of the speed controller of the engine.
  • the current at the terminals of the alternator can be alternating, being single-phase or polyphase.
  • figure 1 a device 1 for controlling a generator.
  • This generator comprises a heat engine not shown, equipped with at least one electric actuator 2 for controlling the engine speed, directly or indirectly, for example via an injection pump.
  • the actuator 2 can control the admission of the fuel, for example by controlling the injection, or alternatively the air inlet.
  • the actuator may for example comprise a solenoid valve which is more or less open depending on the voltage applied to its terminals.
  • the actuator may also include a freewheel diode 8 to prevent overvoltages at the opening of the power supply circuit.
  • the generator also comprises an alternator 3 driven by this engine.
  • the speed of the heat engine is controlled by a speed controller 4 which acts on the electric actuator (s) 2 and may comprise a regulation circuit 5, for example of the PID type.
  • This control circuit 5 can provide a speed error signal, that is to say a signal imposing the admission of the amount of fuel required by the engine as a function of the difference between the speed measured on the engine. and a speed reference value.
  • the measured speed makes it possible to provide a composite signal (for example P + I + D).
  • the control device 1 comprises a digital processing unit 15.
  • the digital processing unit 15 comprises for example one or more digital circuits, for example one or more microprocessor (s) or microcontroller (s).
  • This digital processing unit 15 is arranged to receive at least one information representative of a voltage of the alternator, for example the voltage across two phases of the alternator, and in case of variation of one or more parameters of the alternator. the voltage, act on the speed regulation of the engine.
  • the digital processing unit 15 can act on the electric actuator 2, as explained below.
  • the alternator 3 delivers a three-phase current having phases U, V and W.
  • the voltage monitoring at the terminals of two phases of the alternator is carried out for example by means of an isolation transformer 11 and a rectifier bridge 12.
  • the voltage at the output of the rectifier bridge is for example converted into a digital signal by an analog-digital converter before being processed by the digital processing unit 15.
  • the latter can be powered by a stabilized power supply connected to auxiliary windings 17 of the alternator, these windings being for example two in number.
  • the auxiliary windings 17 can for example also be used to feed the inductor of the exciter of the alternator via a voltage regulator 16, as described in the patent application. EP-A1-0 233 425 .
  • the digital processing unit 15 may be arranged to determine from the reading of the alternator voltage the values of the frequency and the derivative of the frequency.
  • the digital processing unit can be arranged to perform an action strategy, for example of Proportional + Fast Derivative type which implements logical choices concerning the frequency and the derivative of the frequency which are compared with reference levels.
  • an action strategy for example of Proportional + Fast Derivative type which implements logical choices concerning the frequency and the derivative of the frequency which are compared with reference levels.
  • the digital processing unit 15 may comprise an output intended to control the opening or closing of a contact 22 in order to exert or not an action on the regulation of the heat engine.
  • This output controls for example a relay and comprises for example a digital analog converter 20.
  • the output is devoid of an analog-digital converter.
  • the closure of the contact 22 drives via a more powerful relay 23 the closure of a contact 24 which itself controls that of a contact 32 via a relay 33.
  • the relay 24 is for example powered by a battery 30 which serves to supply the speed regulator 4.
  • Closing the contact 32 causes the application of a voltage to the electric actuator 2 which is substituted or superimposed on that delivered by the speed controller 4 which controls the fuel injection.
  • An output diode 38 of the speed regulator 4 allows the superposition of the voltages.
  • the control signal makes it possible to impose a high value on the voltage at the terminals of the actuator.
  • the closure of the contact 22 occurs when the digital processing unit 15 detects the application of a load to the alternator 3.
  • the device illustrated in figure 1 allows to apply to the actuator 2 the voltage of the battery 30 of the generator supplying the speed regulator during the application of a load to the alternator.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown in the figure 2 a realization that differs from that of the figure 1 in that a voltage greater than that of the battery 30 is applied to the actuator 2 during the closing of the contact 32, this voltage being obtained by means of an electrical source 40 connected in series with the battery 30.
  • the source 40 may be for example an additional battery or an electrolytic capacitor and can be recharged for example by means of a DC-DC converter 41.
  • the device responds to the application of a load.
  • the device 1 may react to a load shedding or may react both to the application and to the unloading of a load.
  • the digital processing unit 15 is arranged to deliver a signal 50 in case of detection of a load shedding of the alternator.
  • This signal 50 is for example an analog signal, the digital processing unit 15 comprising an analog-digital converter making it possible to deliver the signal 50.
  • the signal 50 causes for example the closing of a switch 52, and in cascade the opening of a contact 54 via a relay 53 and the opening of contacts 56 and 57 via a relay 55 actuated by the opening of the contact 54.
  • the freewheeling diode 8 is in this case replaced by a diode 59 in series with a discharge resistor 58 which is short-circuited, when the device is inactivated, by the contact 56 of the relay 55.
  • the opening of the contact 56 makes it possible to rapidly reduce the current in the inductor of the actuator by connecting the discharge resistor 58 in parallel thereto.
  • the reduction of the current in the actuator 2 makes it possible to reduce the admission of fuel of the engine.
  • the discharge resistor 58 is replaced by a withdrawal circuit comprising for example a discharge capacitor allowing the opening of the contacts 56, 57 to lower more rapidly the initial current supplying the electric actuator.
  • the device of the figure 3 can make it possible to quickly treat the load interruptions or to cut the fuel injection in the event of overspeed. Because the device does not use the speed and overspeed information of the heat engine sensors, it contributes to increasing the reliability and safety of the generator set.
  • the heat engine comprises a plurality of electric actuators, associated for example with cylinders or groups of respective cylinders, as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 .
  • the speed controller comprises a control circuit 70 of each actuator.
  • the speed of the shaft of the heat engine 7 can be read by a detector 63, then this information can be sent to the control circuit 5 and to a synchronization system 64.
  • Each actuator 2 is controlled as a function of a speed error signal 61 delivered by the regulation circuit 5 as a function of a set speed which is for example contained in a memory 62.
  • the digital processing unit 15 may be arranged to control by an output 80 an inverter contact 60 which makes it possible to replace the speed error signal 61 by a signal coming from an output 90 of the digital processing unit.
  • the digital processing unit 15 can be used to generate the control signal intended to replace in the speed regulator the speed error signal of the speed regulator when a load is applied to the alternator. that is to say when for example the Alternator voltage wave frequency is below a threshold f1 and when the derivative value of the frequency is negative and below a threshold -dfl / dt.
  • control signal can be generated in case of load shedding of the alternator, that is to say when the value of the frequency of the voltage wave is greater than a threshold f2 and when the value of the derivative the frequency is positive and greater than a threshold + dt2 / dt.
  • the synchronization system 64 makes it possible to synchronize and set the duration of the actuation of the various actuators 2 as a function of the angular position of the shaft and the speed of rotation of the heat engine 7 by means of circuits 68 which perform the logic function AND between the synchronization signal and the speed error signal or the control signal.
  • the contacts and relays shown may be static or non-static components, for example semiconductor electronic switches, for example IGBT transistors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a control device (1) for an electricity generator set, the generator set comprising: an engine fitted with at least one actuator (2) for controlling fuel admission; an alternator driven by the engine; and a speed regulator (4) for the engine and controlling the actuator(s); the control device being arranged to detect a variation in the load on the alternator as a function of at least one voltage thereof and to control the actuator(s) in such a manner as to compensate for the load variation thus detected; the control device delivering a control signal that acts directly on the actuator(s) taking the place of or being superposed on an output signal of the speed regulator when a variation in load is detected; or the control device delivering a control signal that acts on the actuator(s) via at least a portion of the speed regulator by taking the place of a speed regulator signal.

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine de la régulation des groupes électrogènes comportant un moteur thermique. Le document US5703410 divulgue un dispositif de contrôle d'un moteur thermique qui entraîne un alternateur.The present invention relates to the field of the regulation of generating sets comprising a heat engine. The document US5703410 discloses a control device of a heat engine which drives an alternator.

L'invention s'applique à la régulation des moteurs thermiques équipés d'au moins un actionneur électrique pour commander le régime du moteur, par exemple l'injection du carburant.The invention applies to the regulation of heat engines equipped with at least one electric actuator for controlling the speed of the engine, for example the injection of fuel.

Des groupes électrogènes connus associent un moteur thermique et un alternateur comportant chacun leur propre dispositif de régulation, le moteur thermique comportant un régulateur de vitesse et l'alternateur comportant un régulateur de tension.Known generators combine a heat engine and an alternator each having their own regulation device, the heat engine comprising a speed regulator and the alternator comprising a voltage regulator.

Ces deux régulateurs sont indépendants l'un de l'autre : lorsque la charge appliquée à l'alternateur varie, chaque régulateur est configuré pour réagir séparément et indépendamment de l'autre de sorte que les influences réciproques des variations de tension et des variations de vitesse apportent un certain retard dans la régulation.These two regulators are independent of each other: when the load applied to the alternator varies, each regulator is configured to react separately and independently of the other so that the reciprocal influences of the voltage variations and the variations of speed bring some delay in the regulation.

Par ailleurs, le fonctionnement stable des régulateurs produit également un certain retard lors d'une variation brusque de charge.Moreover, the stable operation of the regulators also produces a certain delay during a sudden change in load.

Enfin, les constantes de temps électriques du ou des actionneurs du moteur thermique et de l'excitatrice de l'alternateur, et les constantes de temps mécaniques ajoutent encore d'autres retards.Finally, the electrical time constants of the actuator (s) of the heat engine and the exciter of the alternator, and the mechanical time constants add further delays.

Il existe donc un besoin pour bénéficier d'un dispositif de contrôle d'un groupe électrogène permettant de réagir plus rapidement aux applications de charge ou aux délestages, et de revenir plus rapidement d'un régime transitoire à un régime normal.There is therefore a need to benefit from a control device of a generator to react more quickly to charging applications or load shedding, and return more quickly from a transient regime to a normal regime.

L'invention a pour but d'améliorer le comportement en régime transitoire d'un groupe électrogène comportant un moteur thermique, de manière à permettre par exemple de diminuer l'amplitude des variations de vitesse et des variations de tension qui résultent du régime transitoire.The invention aims to improve the transient behavior of a generator comprising a heat engine, so as to allow for example to reduce the amplitude of the speed variations and voltage variations that result from the transient regime.

La présente invention y parvient en proposant un dispositif de contrôle selon la revendication 1 et un procédé selon la revendication 18.The present invention achieves this by providing a control device according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 18.

La variation de charge de l'alternateur peut se traduire par une variation de vitesse de l'alternateur.Alternator load variation can result in alternator speed variation.

Le dispositif selon l'invention peut permettre de stabiliser la vitesse et/ou la tension de sortie de l'alternateur.The device according to the invention can make it possible to stabilize the speed and / or the output voltage of the alternator.

Le dispositif selon l'invention permet d'utiliser une information provenant par exemple d'un régulateur de tension de l'alternateur pour agir le plus directement possible sur le moteur thermique afin de permettre une réaction plus rapide de ce moteur thermique à une application de charge ou un délestage appliqué à l'alternateur. Le dispositif selon l'invention permet ainsi d'obtenir un temps de réponse en vitesse plus court à l'application d'une charge ou à un délestage. Cela peut permettre de réduire l'amplitude de variation de la vitesse aussi bien à l'application d'une charge qu'au délestage et d'augmenter ainsi la capacité de prise en charge du groupe électrogène pour une même variation de vitesse.The device according to the invention makes it possible to use information from, for example, a voltage regulator of the alternator to act as directly as possible on the heat engine in order to allow a faster reaction of this engine to an application of load or load shedding applied to the alternator. The device according to the invention thus makes it possible to obtain a shorter speed response time at the application of a load or load shedding. This may make it possible to reduce the amplitude of variation of the speed both at the application of a load and at the load shedding, and thus to increase the capacity of handling of the generator set for the same variation in speed.

Une partie de la variation de tension en régime transitoire étant causée par la variation de vitesse de rotation du moteur thermique, on peut diminuer la variation de tension en réduisant la variation de vitesse, pour une même variation de la charge.Since a portion of the transient voltage variation is caused by the rotation speed variation of the heat engine, the variation in voltage can be reduced by reducing the speed variation, for the same variation of the load.

La charge peut être connectée directement aux bornes de l'alternateur. Le dispositif peut par exemple être dépourvu d'onduleur et/ou de redresseur aux bornes de l'alternateur.The load can be connected directly to the terminals of the alternator. The device may for example be devoid of inverter and / or rectifier terminals of the alternator.

Le dispositif de contrôle peut délivrer un signal de commande qui agit directement sur le ou les actionneur(s). Le signal de commande peut se substituer ou se superposer à un signal de sortie du régulateur de vitesse lorsque la variation de charge est détectée.The control device can deliver a control signal that acts directly on the actuator (s). The control signal may be substituted for or superimposed on an output signal of the speed controller when the load variation is detected.

En variante, le dispositif de contrôle peut délivrer un signal de commande qui agit sur le ou les actionneur(s) par l'intermédiaire d'une portion au moins du régulateur de vitesse. Le signal de commande peut par exemple se substituer à un signal du régulateur de vitesse. Le signal de commande peut par exemple se substituer à un signal de sortie d'un circuit de régulation du régulateur de vitesse. Ce circuit de régulation peut par exemple utiliser une stratégie d'action de type PID (proportionnelle-intégrale-dérivée) à plusieurs seuils.Alternatively, the control device can deliver a control signal that acts on the actuator (s) through at least a portion of the speed controller. For example, the control signal may be substituted for a signal from the speed controller. For example, the control signal may be substituted for an output signal of a cruise control circuit. This regulation circuit can for example use a PID action strategy (proportional-integral-derivative) at several thresholds.

Le signal de sortie du circuit de régulation de vitesse est un signal contrôlant la vitesse de rotation du moteur thermique, ce signal étant obtenu à la sortie du circuit de régulation, par exemple de type PID, qui traite l'écart entre la vitesse mesurée sur le moteur et une valeur de consigne de vitesse.The output signal of the speed control circuit is a signal controlling the speed of rotation of the heat engine, this signal being obtained at the output of the control circuit, for example of the PID type, which processes the difference between the speed measured on the motor and a speed setpoint.

La valeur du signal de commande peut être déterminée en fonction de la fréquence et de la dérivée de la fréquence de la tension de l'alternateur.The value of the control signal can be determined as a function of the frequency and the frequency derivative of the alternator voltage.

Le groupe électrogène peut comporter un régulateur de tension de l'alternateur. La fréquence et la dérivée de la fréquence peuvent être déterminées dans le régulateur de tension de l'alternateur. En variante, la fréquence et la dérivée de la fréquence peuvent être déterminées entre le régulateur de tension de l'alternateur et le régulateur de vitesse du moteur thermique.The generator set may include a voltage regulator of the alternator. The frequency and the derivative of the frequency can be determined in the alternator voltage regulator. Alternatively, the frequency and frequency derivative can be determined between the alternator voltage regulator and the thermal engine speed controller.

La détermination peut être effectuée au moyen d'une unité de traitement numérique.The determination can be made by means of a digital processing unit.

Le signal de commande peut par exemple être un signal de type quasi-binaire, permettant de couper (=0) ou d'ouvrir totalement (=1) l'admission de carburant. La transition (0...1) ou (1...0) peut se faire pendant une durée imposée.The control signal may for example be a quasi-binary type signal, to cut (= 0) or to fully open (= 1) the fuel intake. The transition (0 ... 1) or (1 ... 0) can be done for an imposed duration.

Le dispositif peut être configuré pour appliquer à l'actionneur la tension d'une batterie du groupe électrogène alimentant le régulateur de vitesse.The device can be configured to apply to the actuator the voltage of a battery of the generator supplying the speed regulator.

En variante, le dispositif peut être configuré pour appliquer à l'actionneur une tension supérieure à une tension d'une batterie du groupe électrogène alimentant le régulateur de vitesse.Alternatively, the device may be configured to apply to the actuator a voltage greater than a voltage of a battery of the generator supplying the speed regulator.

Le dispositif peut encore comporter des moyens pour réduire la tension aux bornes de l'actionneur.The device may further comprise means for reducing the voltage across the actuator.

Le moteur thermique peut comporter un actionneur unique ou en variante une pluralité d'actionneurs. Ce ou ces actionneur(s) peuvent être des actionneurs électriques.The heat engine may comprise a single actuator or alternatively a plurality of actuators. This or these actuator (s) may be electric actuators.

L'invention a encore pour objet un dispositif de contrôle d'un groupe électrogène à vitesse stabilisée et à tension stabilisée, fournissant un courant alternatif, le groupe électrogène comportant :

  • un moteur thermique équipé d'au moins un actionneur pour commander l'admission de carburant,
  • un alternateur entraîné par le moteur thermique, alimentant une charge directement connectée aux bornes de sortie de l'alternateur, et
  • un régulateur de vitesse du moteur thermique commandant le ou les actionneur(s),
le dispositif de contrôle étant agencé pour détecter une variation de charge de l'alternateur en fonction d'au moins une tension de celui-ci et commander le ou les actionneur(s) de façon à compenser la variation de charge ainsi détectée.The subject of the invention is also a device for controlling a stabilized speed, stabilized voltage generator providing an alternating current, the generator comprising:
  • a heat engine equipped with at least one actuator for controlling the fuel admission,
  • an alternator driven by the heat engine, supplying a load directly connected to the output terminals of the alternator, and
  • a speed controller of the heat engine controlling the actuator (s),
the control device being arranged to detect a load variation of the alternator as a function of at least one voltage thereof and to control the actuator (s) so as to compensate for the load variation thus detected.

La présente invention a encore pour objet, indépendamment ou en combinaison avec ce qui précède, un groupe électrogène comportant :

  • un moteur thermique équipé d'au moins un actionneur pour commander l'admission de carburant,
  • un alternateur entraîné par le moteur thermique,
  • un régulateur de vitesse du moteur thermique commandant le ou les actionneur(s),
  • un dispositif de contrôle agencé pour détecter une variation de charge de l'alternateur en fonction d'une tension de celui-ci et commander le ou les actionneur(s) de façon à compenser la variation de charge ainsi détectée.
The present invention further relates, independently or in combination with the foregoing, to a generator comprising:
  • a heat engine equipped with at least one actuator for controlling the fuel admission,
  • an alternator driven by the engine,
  • a speed controller of the heat engine controlling the actuator (s),
  • a control device arranged to detect a load variation of the alternator as a function of a voltage thereof and to control the actuator (s) so as to compensate for the load variation thus detected.

Le dispositif de contrôle peut délivrer un signal de commande qui agit directement sur le ou les actionneur(s) en se substituant ou se superposant à un signal de sortie du régulateur de vitesse lorsque la variation de charge est détectée, ou délivrer un signal de commande qui agit sur le ou les actionneur(s) par l'intermédiaire d'une portion au moins du régulateur de vitesse en se substituant à un signal du régulateur de vitesse.The control device may output a control signal which acts directly on the actuator (s) by substituting or superimposing on an output signal of the speed controller when the load variation is detected, or outputting a control signal which acts on the actuator (s) through at least a portion of the speed regulator by substituting for a signal from the speed regulator.

La tension de l'alternateur peut permettre d'obtenir sa fréquence et la dérivée de sa fréquence. La variation de charge peut être détectée en détectant une variation de la fréquence de la tension.The voltage of the alternator can make it possible to obtain its frequency and the derivative of its frequency. The load variation can be detected by detecting a change in the frequency of the voltage.

L'invention a encore pour objet, indépendamment ou en combinaison avec ce qui précède, un procédé de contrôle d'un moteur thermique d'un groupe électrogène comportant un alternateur entraîné par le moteur thermique, dans lequel :

  • on surveille la tension délivrée par l'alternateur,
  • on détecte à partir de la tension surveillée une variation éventuelle de charge de l'alternateur,
  • en fonction de la variation de charge ainsi détectée, on agit sur au moins un actionneur du moteur thermique de façon à provoquer une modification de l'admission de carburant visant à compenser la variation de vitesse du groupe électrogène.
The invention further relates, independently or in combination with the foregoing, to a method of controlling a heat engine of a generator set comprising an alternator driven by the heat engine, wherein:
  • we monitor the voltage delivered by the alternator,
  • from the monitored voltage, a possible variation of the charge of the alternator is detected,
  • according to the load variation thus detected, it acts on at least one actuator of the engine so as to cause a change in the fuel intake to compensate for the speed variation of the generator.

On peut délivrer un signal de commande qui agit directement sur le ou les actionneur(s) en se substituant ou se superposant à un signal de sortie du régulateur de vitesse lorsque la variation de charge est détectée, ou en variante on peut délivrer un signal de commande qui agit sur le ou les actionneur(s) par l'intermédiaire d'une portion au moins du régulateur de vitesse en se substituant à un signal du régulateur de vitesse.It is possible to deliver a control signal which acts directly on the actuator (s) by replacing or superimposing on an output signal of the speed controller when the load variation is detected, or alternatively it is possible to deliver a signal of control that acts on the actuator (s) through at least a portion of the speed controller by replacing a signal from the speed controller.

Le procédé peut permettre de stabiliser la vitesse du groupe électrogène.The method can stabilize the speed of the generator.

L'invention a encore pour objet un procédé de contrôle d'un moteur thermique d'un groupe électrogène à vitesse stabilisée, comportant un alternateur entraîné par le moteur thermique et un régulateur de vitesse du moteur thermique, dans lequel :

  • on surveille la tension délivrée aux bornes de l'alternateur,
  • on détecte à partir de la tension surveillée une variation éventuelle de charge de l'alternateur,
  • en fonction de la variation de charge ainsi détectée, on agit sur au moins un actionneur du moteur thermique de façon à provoquer une modification de l'admission en carburant de ce moteur thermique visant à compenser la variation de vitesse du groupe électrogène
The subject of the invention is also a method of controlling a heat engine of a stabilized speed generator comprising an alternator driven by the heat engine and a speed regulator of the heat engine, in which:
  • the voltage delivered to the terminals of the alternator is monitored,
  • from the monitored voltage, a possible variation of the charge of the alternator is detected,
  • depending on the load variation thus detected, acting on at least one actuator of the engine so as to cause a change in the fuel supply of the engine to compensate for the speed variation of the generator set

Lorsqu'on détecte un accroissement brusque de la charge de l'alternateur, on peut agir sur le ou les actionneurs de façon à augmenter l'admission en carburant du moteur. En cas de diminution brusque de la charge, on peut agir sur le ou les actionneurs de façon à réduire l'admission en carburant du moteur.When a sudden increase of the load of the alternator is detected, it is possible to act on the actuator (s) so as to increase the fuel intake of the engine. In the event of a sudden decrease in the load, it is possible to act on the actuator (s) in such a way as to reduce the fuel intake of the engine.

On peut agir sur le ou les actionneurs en aval d'un régulateur de vitesse du moteur thermique. En variante, on peut agir sur le ou les actionneurs électriques en aval d'au moins une partie d'un circuit de régulation du régulateur de vitesse du moteur thermique.It can act on the actuator (s) downstream of a speed regulator of the engine. Alternatively, one can act on the electric actuator or actuators downstream of at least a portion of a control circuit of the speed controller of the engine.

On peut augmenter la tension appliquée aux bornes du ou des actionneur(s) pour augmenter l'admission en carburant du moteur. On peut réduire le courant dans un inducteur du ou des actionneurs pour réduire l'admission en carburant du moteur.It is possible to increase the voltage applied across the actuator (s) to increase the fuel supply to the engine. The current in an inductor of the actuator (s) can be reduced to reduce engine fuel input.

Le courant aux bornes de l'alternateur peut être alternatif, étant monophasé ou polyphasé.The current at the terminals of the alternator can be alternating, being single-phase or polyphase.

L'invention pourra être mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, d'exemples de mise en oeuvre non limitatif de celle-ci, et à l'examen du dessin annexé, sur lequel :

  • la figure 1 illustre, de manière schématique et partielle, un premier exemple de réalisation de l'invention, et
  • les figures 2 à 4 illustrent, de manière schématique et partielle, des variantes de réalisation de l'invention.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following detailed description, examples of non-limiting implementation thereof, and on examining the appended drawing, in which:
  • the figure 1 illustrates, schematically and partially, a first embodiment of the invention, and
  • the Figures 2 to 4 illustrate, schematically and partially, alternative embodiments of the invention.

On a représenté à la figure 1 un dispositif 1 de contrôle d'un groupe électrogène.We have shown figure 1 a device 1 for controlling a generator.

Ce groupe électrogène comporte un moteur thermique non représenté, équipé d'au moins un actionneur électrique 2 permettant de commander le régime du moteur, directement ou indirectement, par exemple par l'intermédiaire d'une pompe à injection. L'actionneur 2 peut commander l'admission du carburant, par exemple en commandant l'injection, ou en variante l'entrée d'air. L'actionneur peut par exemple comporter une électrovanne qui est plus ou moins ouverte en fonction de la tension appliquée à ses bornes. L'actionneur peut encore comporter une diode de roue libre 8 permettant d'éviter les surtensions à l'ouverture du circuit d'alimentation électrique.This generator comprises a heat engine not shown, equipped with at least one electric actuator 2 for controlling the engine speed, directly or indirectly, for example via an injection pump. The actuator 2 can control the admission of the fuel, for example by controlling the injection, or alternatively the air inlet. The actuator may for example comprise a solenoid valve which is more or less open depending on the voltage applied to its terminals. The actuator may also include a freewheel diode 8 to prevent overvoltages at the opening of the power supply circuit.

Le groupe électrogène comporte également un alternateur 3 entraîné par ce moteur thermique.The generator also comprises an alternator 3 driven by this engine.

Le régime du moteur thermique est commandé par un régulateur de vitesse 4 qui agit sur le ou les actionneurs électriques 2 et peut comporter un circuit de régulation 5, par exemple de type PID. Ce circuit de régulation 5 peut fournir un signal d'erreur de vitesse, c'est-à-dire un signal imposant l'admission de la quantité de carburant nécessaire au moteur thermique en fonction de l'écart entre la vitesse mesurée sur le moteur et une valeur de consigne de vitesse. La vitesse mesurée permet de fournir un signal composite (par exemple P+I+D).The speed of the heat engine is controlled by a speed controller 4 which acts on the electric actuator (s) 2 and may comprise a regulation circuit 5, for example of the PID type. This control circuit 5 can provide a speed error signal, that is to say a signal imposing the admission of the amount of fuel required by the engine as a function of the difference between the speed measured on the engine. and a speed reference value. The measured speed makes it possible to provide a composite signal (for example P + I + D).

Le dispositif de contrôle 1 comporte une unité de traitement numérique 15. L'unité de traitement numérique 15 comporte par exemple un ou plusieurs circuits numériques, par exemple un ou plusieurs microprocesseur(s) ou microcontrôleur(s).The control device 1 comprises a digital processing unit 15. The digital processing unit 15 comprises for example one or more digital circuits, for example one or more microprocessor (s) or microcontroller (s).

Cette unité de traitement numérique 15 est agencée pour recevoir au moins une information représentative d'une tension de l'alternateur, par exemple la tension aux bornes de deux phases de l'alternateur, et en cas de variation d'un ou plusieurs paramètres de la tension, agir sur la régulation de vitesse du moteur thermique.This digital processing unit 15 is arranged to receive at least one information representative of a voltage of the alternator, for example the voltage across two phases of the alternator, and in case of variation of one or more parameters of the alternator. the voltage, act on the speed regulation of the engine.

L'unité de traitement numérique 15 peut agir sur l'actionneur électrique 2, comme expliqué plus loin.The digital processing unit 15 can act on the electric actuator 2, as explained below.

L'alternateur 3 délivre un courant triphasé ayant des phases U, V et W. La surveillance de la tension aux bornes de deux phases de l'alternateur s'effectue par exemple grâce à un transformateur d'isolation 11 et un pont redresseur 12.The alternator 3 delivers a three-phase current having phases U, V and W. The voltage monitoring at the terminals of two phases of the alternator is carried out for example by means of an isolation transformer 11 and a rectifier bridge 12.

La tension à la sortie du pont redresseur est par exemple convertie en un signal numérique par un convertisseur analogique-numérique avant d'être traité par l'unité de traitement numérique 15.The voltage at the output of the rectifier bridge is for example converted into a digital signal by an analog-digital converter before being processed by the digital processing unit 15.

Cette dernière peut être alimentée par une alimentation stabilisée branchée sur des bobinages auxiliaires 17 de l'alternateur, ces bobinages étant par exemple au nombre de deux. Les bobinages auxiliaires 17 peuvent par exemple également servir à alimenter l'inducteur de l'excitatrice de l'alternateur par l'intermédiaire d'un régulateur de tension 16, comme décrit dans la demande de brevet EP-A1-0 233 425 .The latter can be powered by a stabilized power supply connected to auxiliary windings 17 of the alternator, these windings being for example two in number. The auxiliary windings 17 can for example also be used to feed the inductor of the exciter of the alternator via a voltage regulator 16, as described in the patent application. EP-A1-0 233 425 .

L'unité de traitement numérique 15 peut être agencée pour déterminer à partir de la lecture de la tension de l'alternateur les valeurs de la fréquence et de la dérivée de la fréquence.The digital processing unit 15 may be arranged to determine from the reading of the alternator voltage the values of the frequency and the derivative of the frequency.

L'unité de traitement numérique peut être agencée pour effectuer une stratégie d'action par exemple de type Proportionnelle + Dérivée rapide qui met en oeuvre des choix logiques concernant la fréquence et la dérivée de la fréquence qui sont comparées à des niveaux de référence.The digital processing unit can be arranged to perform an action strategy, for example of Proportional + Fast Derivative type which implements logical choices concerning the frequency and the derivative of the frequency which are compared with reference levels.

Le traitement effectué et le choix de ces niveaux de référence peut permettre d'éliminer l'influence de la modulation de fréquence due à l'irrégularité cyclique propre aux moteurs à explosion.The processing carried out and the choice of these reference levels can make it possible to eliminate the influence of the frequency modulation due to the cyclic irregularity inherent to internal combustion engines.

L'unité de traitement numérique 15 peut comporter une sortie destinée à commander l'ouverture ou la fermeture d'un contact 22 afin d'exercer ou non une action sur la régulation du moteur thermique.The digital processing unit 15 may comprise an output intended to control the opening or closing of a contact 22 in order to exert or not an action on the regulation of the heat engine.

Cette sortie commande par exemple un relais et comporte par exemple un convertisseur analogique numérique 20. En variante, la sortie est dépourvue de convertisseur analogique-numérique.This output controls for example a relay and comprises for example a digital analog converter 20. In a variant, the output is devoid of an analog-digital converter.

La fermeture du contact 22 entraîne par l'intermédiaire d'un relais plus puissant 23 la fermeture d'un contact 24 qui commande lui-même celle d'un contact 32 par l'intermédiaire d'un relais 33.The closure of the contact 22 drives via a more powerful relay 23 the closure of a contact 24 which itself controls that of a contact 32 via a relay 33.

Le relais 24 est par exemple alimenté par une batterie 30 qui sert à l'alimentation du régulateur de vitesse 4.The relay 24 is for example powered by a battery 30 which serves to supply the speed regulator 4.

La fermeture du contact 32 entraîne l'application d'une tension à l'actionneur électrique 2 qui vient se substituer ou se superposer à celle délivrée par le régulateur de vitesse 4 qui commande l'injection du carburant.Closing the contact 32 causes the application of a voltage to the electric actuator 2 which is substituted or superimposed on that delivered by the speed controller 4 which controls the fuel injection.

Une diode 38 de sortie du régulateur de vitesse 4 permet la superposition des tensions. Le signal de commande permet d'imposer une valeur haute à la tension aux bornes de l'actionneur.An output diode 38 of the speed regulator 4 allows the superposition of the voltages. The control signal makes it possible to impose a high value on the voltage at the terminals of the actuator.

La fermeture du contact 22 intervient lorsque l'unité de traitement numérique 15 détecte l'application d'une charge à l'alternateur 3.The closure of the contact 22 occurs when the digital processing unit 15 detects the application of a load to the alternator 3.

Le dispositif illustré à la figure 1 permet d'appliquer à l'actionneur 2 la tension de la batterie 30 du groupe électrogène alimentant le régulateur de vitesse lors de l'application d'une charge à l'alternateur.The device illustrated in figure 1 allows to apply to the actuator 2 the voltage of the battery 30 of the generator supplying the speed regulator during the application of a load to the alternator.

Bien entendu, on ne sort pas du cadre de la présente invention s'il en est autrement.Of course, it is not beyond the scope of the present invention if it is otherwise.

A titre d'exemple, on a représenté à la figure 2 une réalisation qui diffère de celle de la figure 1 par le fait qu'une tension supérieure à celle de la batterie 30 est appliquée à l'actionneur 2 lors de la fermeture du contact 32, cette tension étant obtenue grâce à une source électrique 40 reliée en série avec la batterie 30.For example, there is shown in the figure 2 a realization that differs from that of the figure 1 in that a voltage greater than that of the battery 30 is applied to the actuator 2 during the closing of the contact 32, this voltage being obtained by means of an electrical source 40 connected in series with the battery 30.

La source 40 peut être par exemple une batterie supplémentaire ou un condensateur électrolytique et peut être rechargée par exemple grâce à un convertisseur continu-continu 41.The source 40 may be for example an additional battery or an electrolytic capacitor and can be recharged for example by means of a DC-DC converter 41.

Dans les exemples des figures 1 et 2, le dispositif réagit à l'application d'une charge.In the examples of figures 1 and 2 , the device responds to the application of a load.

Il peut en être autrement et notamment le dispositif 1 peut réagir à un délestage de charge ou peut réagir à la fois à l'application et au délestage d'une charge.It may be otherwise and in particular the device 1 may react to a load shedding or may react both to the application and to the unloading of a load.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 3, l'unité de traitement numérique 15 est agencée pour délivrer un signal 50 en cas de détection d'un délestage de l'alternateur. Ce signal 50 est par exemple un signal analogique, l'unité de traitement numérique 15 comportant un convertisseur analogique-numérique permettant de délivrer le signal 50.In the example of the figure 3 , the digital processing unit 15 is arranged to deliver a signal 50 in case of detection of a load shedding of the alternator. This signal 50 is for example an analog signal, the digital processing unit 15 comprising an analog-digital converter making it possible to deliver the signal 50.

Le signal 50 provoque par exemple la fermeture d'un interrupteur 52, et en cascade l'ouverture d'un contact 54 par l'intermédiaire d'un relais 53 puis l'ouverture de contacts 56 et 57 par l'intermédiaire d'un relais 55 actionné par l'ouverture du contact 54.The signal 50 causes for example the closing of a switch 52, and in cascade the opening of a contact 54 via a relay 53 and the opening of contacts 56 and 57 via a relay 55 actuated by the opening of the contact 54.

La diode de roue libre 8 est dans ce cas remplacée par une diode 59 en série avec une résistance de décharge 58 qui est court-circuitée, quand le dispositif est inactivé, par le contact 56 du relais 55.The freewheeling diode 8 is in this case replaced by a diode 59 in series with a discharge resistor 58 which is short-circuited, when the device is inactivated, by the contact 56 of the relay 55.

L'ouverture du contact 56 permet de réduire rapidement le courant dans l'inducteur de l'actionneur en connectant en parallèle à celui-ci la résistance de décharge 58. La diminution du courant dans l'actionneur 2 permet de réduire l'admission de carburant du moteur thermique.The opening of the contact 56 makes it possible to rapidly reduce the current in the inductor of the actuator by connecting the discharge resistor 58 in parallel thereto. The reduction of the current in the actuator 2 makes it possible to reduce the admission of fuel of the engine.

Dans une variante non illustrée, la résistance de décharge 58 est remplacée par un circuit de soutirage comportant par exemple un condensateur de décharge permettant à l'ouverture des contacts 56, 57 de faire baisser plus rapidement le courant initial alimentant l'actionneur électrique.In a variant not shown, the discharge resistor 58 is replaced by a withdrawal circuit comprising for example a discharge capacitor allowing the opening of the contacts 56, 57 to lower more rapidly the initial current supplying the electric actuator.

Le dispositif de la figure 3 peut permettre de traiter de manière rapide les coupures de charge ou encore de couper l'injection de carburant en cas de survitesse. Du fait que le dispositif n'utilise pas les informations de vitesse et de survitesse des capteurs du moteur thermique, il contribue à augmenter la fiabilité et la sécurité du groupe électrogène.The device of the figure 3 can make it possible to quickly treat the load interruptions or to cut the fuel injection in the event of overspeed. Because the device does not use the speed and overspeed information of the heat engine sensors, it contributes to increasing the reliability and safety of the generator set.

On ne sort pas du cadre de la présente invention lorsque le moteur thermique comporte plusieurs actionneurs électriques, associés par exemple à des cylindres ou groupes de cylindres respectifs, comme illustré à la figure 4.It is not beyond the scope of the present invention when the heat engine comprises a plurality of electric actuators, associated for example with cylinders or groups of respective cylinders, as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 .

Dans cet exemple, le régulateur de vitesse comporte un circuit de commande 70 de chaque actionneur.In this example, the speed controller comprises a control circuit 70 of each actuator.

La lecture de la vitesse de l'arbre du moteur thermique 7 peut s'effectuer par un détecteur 63, puis cette information peut être envoyée au circuit de régulation 5 et à un système de synchronisation 64.The speed of the shaft of the heat engine 7 can be read by a detector 63, then this information can be sent to the control circuit 5 and to a synchronization system 64.

Chaque actionneur 2 est commandé en fonction d'un signal d'erreur de vitesse 61 délivré par le circuit de régulation 5 en fonction d'une vitesse de consigne qui est par exemple contenue dans une mémoire 62.Each actuator 2 is controlled as a function of a speed error signal 61 delivered by the regulation circuit 5 as a function of a set speed which is for example contained in a memory 62.

L'unité de traitement numérique 15 peut être agencée pour commander par une sortie 80 un contact inverseur 60 qui permet de remplacer le signal d'erreur de vitesse 61 par un signal provenant d'une sortie 90 de l'unité de traitement numérique. L'unité de traitement numérique 15 peut permettre de générer le signal de commande destiné à remplacer dans le régulateur de vitesse le signal d'erreur de vitesse du régulateur de vitesse en cas d'application d'une charge à l'alternateur, c'est-à-dire lorsque par exemple la fréquence de l'onde de tension de l'alternateur est inférieure à un seuil f1 et lorsque la valeur de la dérivée de la fréquence est négative et inférieure à un seuil -dfl/dt. Réciproquement, le signal de commande peut être généré en cas de délestage de l'alternateur, c'est-à-dire lorsque la valeur de la fréquence de l'onde de tension est supérieure à un seuil f2 et lorsque la valeur de la dérivée de la fréquence est positive et supérieure à un seuil +dt2/dt.The digital processing unit 15 may be arranged to control by an output 80 an inverter contact 60 which makes it possible to replace the speed error signal 61 by a signal coming from an output 90 of the digital processing unit. The digital processing unit 15 can be used to generate the control signal intended to replace in the speed regulator the speed error signal of the speed regulator when a load is applied to the alternator. that is to say when for example the Alternator voltage wave frequency is below a threshold f1 and when the derivative value of the frequency is negative and below a threshold -dfl / dt. Conversely, the control signal can be generated in case of load shedding of the alternator, that is to say when the value of the frequency of the voltage wave is greater than a threshold f2 and when the value of the derivative the frequency is positive and greater than a threshold + dt2 / dt.

Le système de synchronisation 64 permet de synchroniser et fixer la durée de l'actionnement des différents actionneurs 2 en fonction de la position angulaire de l'arbre et de la vitesse de rotation du moteur thermique 7 grâce à des circuits 68 qui réalisent la fonction logique ET entre le signal de synchronisation et le signal d'erreur de vitesse ou le signal de commande.The synchronization system 64 makes it possible to synchronize and set the duration of the actuation of the various actuators 2 as a function of the angular position of the shaft and the speed of rotation of the heat engine 7 by means of circuits 68 which perform the logic function AND between the synchronization signal and the speed error signal or the control signal.

Dans ce qui vient d'être décrit, les contacts et relais représentés peuvent être des composants statiques ou non, par exemple des interrupteurs électroniques à semiconducteur, par exemple des transistors IGBT.In what has just been described, the contacts and relays shown may be static or non-static components, for example semiconductor electronic switches, for example IGBT transistors.

Claims (24)

  1. A control device (1) for an electricity generator set, the generator set comprising:
    • a heat engine (7) fitted with at least one actuator (2) for controlling fuel admission;
    • an alternator (3) driven by the heat engine (7); and
    • a speed regulator (4) for the heat engine and controlling the actuator(s);
    the control device (1) being arranged to detect a variation in the load on the alternator as a function of at least one voltage thereof and to control the actuator(s) in such a manner as to.compensate for the load variation thus detected;
    the control device (1) delivering a control signal that acts directly on the actuator(s) taking the place of or being superposed on an output signal of the speed regulator (4) when a variation in load is detected; or
    the control device (1) delivering a control signal that acts on the actuator(s) (2) via at least a portion of the speed regulator (4) by taking the place of a speed regulator signal (4).
  2. A device according to either preceding claim, delivering a control signal that acts directly on the actuator(s) (2) taking the place of or being superposed on an output signal from the speed regulator (4) when the load variation is detected.
  3. A device according to claim 1, delivering a control signal that acts on the actuator (s) (2) via at least a potion of the speed regulator (4), taking the place of a speed regulator (4) signal.
  4. A device according to the preceding claim, in which the control signal takes the place of an output signal from a regulator circuit of the speed regulator (4).
  5. A device according to the preceding claim, in which the regulator circuit makes use of a proportional integer derivative (PID) type action strategy having a plurality of thresholds.
  6. A device according to any preceding claim, in which the value of the control signal is determined as a function of the frequency and the derivative of the frequency of the alternator (3) voltage.
  7. A device according to the preceding claim, in which the electricity generator set comprises a voltage regulator (16) for the alternator (3) and in which the frequency and the derivative of the frequency are determined in the voltage regulator (16) of the alternator (3).
  8. A device according to claim 6, in which the electricity generator set comprises a voltage regulator (16) for the alternator, the frequency and the derivative of the frequency being determined between the voltage regulator (16) of the alternator (3) and the speed regulator (4) of the engine (7).
  9. A device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, in which the determination is performed by means of a digital processor unit (15).
  10. A device according to any preceding claim, in which the control signal is a signal of quasi-binary type, enabling fuel admission to be closed or opened.
  11. A device according to any preceding claim, configured to apply to the actuator (2) the voltage of a battery (30) of the electricity generator set and powering the speed regulator (4).
  12. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, configured to apply to the actuator (2) a voltage greater than a voltage of a battery (30) of the electricity generator set and powering the speed regulator (4).
  13. A device according to any preceding claim, including means for reducing the voltage across the terminals of the actuator (2).
  14. A device according to any preceding claim, in which the heat engine (7) has a single actuator (2).
  15. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, in which the heat engine (7) has a plurality of actuators (2) .
  16. A device according to any preceding claim, in which said at least one actuator (2) is an electric actuator (2).
  17. An electricity generator set comprising:
    • a heat engine (7) fitted with at least one electric actuator (2) for controlling fuel admission;
    • an alternator (3) driven by the heat engine;
    • a speed regulator (4) for the heat engine and controlling the actuator (s) ; and
    • a control device according to any one of the preceding claims.
  18. A method of controlling a heat engine (7) of an electricity generator set comprising an alternator (3) driven by the heat engine, and a speed regulator (4) for the heat engine (7), the method comprising:
    • monitoring the voltage delivered by the alternator (3);
    • from the monitored voltage, detecting any variation in load on the alternator; and
    • as a function of the load variation as detected, acting on at least one electric actuator (2) of the heat engine (7) in such a manner as to modify fuel admission to the engine so as to compensate the speed variation of the electricity generator set, by delivering a control signal that acts directly on the actuator(s) (2) taking the place of or being superposed on an output signal from the speed regulator (4) when load variation is detected, or by delivering a control signal that acts on the actuator(s) (2) via at least a portion of the speed regulator (4), taking the place of a signal of the speed regulator (4).
  19. A method according to the preceding claim, in which, on detecting an increase in load on the alternator (3), action is taken on the electric actuator(s) in such a manner as to increase the admission of fuel to the engine.
  20. A method according to claim 18, in which, on detecting a decrease in the load on the alternator (3) action is taken on the actuator(s) in such a manner as to reduce the admission of fuel to the engine.
  21. A method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, in which action is taken on the actuator(s) downstream from a speed regulator (4) of the heat engine (7).
  22. A method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, in which action is taken on the actuator(s) (2) downstream from at least a portion of a regulator circuit of the speed regulator (4) of the heat engine (7).
  23. A method according to any one of claims 18 to 22, in which the voltage applied to the actuator(s) (2) is increased in order to increase the admission of fuel to the engine.
  24. A method according to any one of claims 18 to 23, in which the current in an induction coil of the actuator(s) (2) is reduced in order to reduce the admission of fuel to the engine (7).
EP06820325A 2005-10-20 2006-10-19 Device for controlling a generating set Not-in-force EP1938447B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0553191A FR2892574A1 (en) 2005-10-20 2005-10-20 DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING AN ELECTROGEN GROUP
PCT/FR2006/051069 WO2007045801A1 (en) 2005-10-20 2006-10-19 Device for controlling a generating set

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1938447A1 EP1938447A1 (en) 2008-07-02
EP1938447B1 true EP1938447B1 (en) 2011-06-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06820325A Not-in-force EP1938447B1 (en) 2005-10-20 2006-10-19 Device for controlling a generating set

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US (1) US8049348B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1938447B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101331676B (en)
AT (1) ATE514223T1 (en)
ES (1) ES2368086T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2892574A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007045801A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101331676A (en) 2008-12-24
US8049348B2 (en) 2011-11-01
ES2368086T3 (en) 2011-11-14
FR2892574A1 (en) 2007-04-27
CN101331676B (en) 2011-12-28
WO2007045801A1 (en) 2007-04-26
EP1938447A1 (en) 2008-07-02
ATE514223T1 (en) 2011-07-15
US20090134845A1 (en) 2009-05-28

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